diff options
| author | Foxfair Hu <foxfair@FreeBSD.org> | 1999-08-19 03:56:59 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Foxfair Hu <foxfair@FreeBSD.org> | 1999-08-19 03:56:59 +0000 |
| commit | 0b08ebf3c06f68723243fa11b5e575e2c0f47dbb (patch) | |
| tree | 459dbbd968ae00323191f312f5aad1b0f54dbf4f /zh_TW.Big5 | |
| parent | 8f704ac3d6dccea38c1e217053b59b7d901a3208 (diff) | |
Notes
Diffstat (limited to 'zh_TW.Big5')
| -rw-r--r-- | zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile.inc | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/Makefile | 26 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml | 7414 |
4 files changed, 7450 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile b/zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bc191a57cd --- /dev/null +++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# $Id: Makefile,v 1.1 1999-08-19 03:56:48 foxfair Exp $ + +SUBDIR = faq + +.include <bsd.subdir.mk> diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile.inc b/zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile.inc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9fe4ab6e42 --- /dev/null +++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/Makefile.inc @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# +# $Id: Makefile.inc,v 1.1 1999-08-19 03:56:49 foxfair Exp $ +# + +DESTDIR?= ${DOC_INSTALL_PREFIX}/zh_TW.Big5/books/${.CURDIR:T} diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/Makefile b/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a0c7959396 --- /dev/null +++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +# +# $Id: Makefile,v 1.1 1999-08-19 03:56:59 foxfair Exp $ +# +# Build the FreeBSD Chinese-Big5 FAQ +# + +MAINTAINER=foxfair@FreeBSD.org + +DOC?= book + +FORMATS?= html-split html + +INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz +INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?= + +# +# SRCS lists the individual SGML files that make up the document. Changes +# to any of these files will force a rebuild +# + +# SGML content +SRCS= book.sgml + +DOC_PREFIX?= ../../.. + +.include "../../../share/mk/docproj.docbook.mk" diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..303b3c54eb --- /dev/null +++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/faq/book.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7414 @@ +<!DOCTYPE BOOK PUBLIC "-//Davenport//DTD DocBook V3.0//EN"> +<book> + +<bookinfo> +<bookbiblio> +<title>FreeBSD 2.X ±`¨£°Ýµª¶°</title> + +<authorgroup> +<author> +<surname>FreeBSD ¤å¥ópµe</surname> +</author> +</authorgroup> + +<pubdate>$Date: 1999-08-19 03:56:59 $</pubdate> + +<abstract><para> ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¬O FreeBSD 2.X ªº±`¨£°Ýµª¶°¡C°£«D¦³¯S§O¥[µù¡A§_«h³o¨Ç±ø¥Ø³£¾A + ¥Î©ó FreeBSD 2.0.5 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¡C¦pªG±ø¥Ø¤º®e¤¤¦³ <XXX> «h¬O©|¥¼ + §¹¦¨ªº³¡¥÷¡C¦pªG±z¹ï¨ó§U¥»pµeªº¶i¦æ¦³¿³½ìªº¸Ü¡A½Ð±H¤@«Ê¹q¤l¶l¥ó¨ì + FreeBSD ¤å¥ópµeªº mailing list <ulink URL="mailto:freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org"><freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org></ulink>¡C + ±z¥i¥H±q <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/">FreeBSD World Wide Web server</ulink> ®³¨ì³o¥÷¤å¥óªº³Ì·sª©¥»¡C±z¤]¥i¥H + §Q¥Î HTTP ¨Ó¤U¸ü¥»¤å¥óªº <ulink URL="FAQ.latin1">¯Â¤å¦rª©</ulink>¡A + <ulink URL="FAQ.ps">postscript ª©</ulink>¡A + <ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/FAQ.pdf">PDF ª©</ulink>¡A + ©Î¬O <ulink URL="FAQ-html.tar.gz">HTML ª©</ulink>¡A©Î¬O¸g¥Ñ + <ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/docs">FreeBSD FTP ¯¸</ulink> + ¨Ó¤U¸ü gzip'd ªºª©¥»¡C±z©Î³\¤]·Q + <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/search.html">¦b±`¨£°Ýµª¶°¤¤·j´M¸ê®Æ</ulink>¡C + </para></abstract> + +</bookbiblio> +</bookinfo> + +<chapter +id="preface"> +<title>«e¨¥</title> + +<para>Åwªï¨Ó¨ì FreeBSD 2.X FAQ¡I</para> + + +<sect1> +<title>¼g³o¥÷ FAQ ªº¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò¡H</title> + +<para>¸ò¨ä¥L Usenet ¤Wªº FAQ ¤@¼Ë¡A³o¥÷¤å¥ó¥Dn²[»\¤F¦³Ãö FreeBSD ³o®M§@ +·~¨t²Î³Ì±`³Q°Ý¨ìªº°ÝÃD (·íµM¥]¬A¤F¦^µª¡I)¡CÁöµM»¡§ÚÌ¥»¨Óªº¥Øªº¬O¬°¤F +´î¤Öºô¸ôÀW¼eªº®ö¶O¥H¤ÎÁקK¦P¼Ëªº°ÝÃD¤@¦A¥X²{¡A¦ý¬O FAQ ¤w¸g³Qµø¬°¬O¤@ +ºØ«Ü¦³»ùȪº¸ê°T¤F¡C</para> + +<para>§Ṳ́w¸g¾¨¥i¯à¦a¨Ï³o¥÷ FAQ §óÂ×´I¤F¡F¦pªG±z¹ï¦p¦ó¨Ï¨ä§ó¶i¨B¦³¥ô¦ó +«Øij¡A½ÐÀH®É±H¹q¤l¶l¥óµ¹ <ulink URL="mailto:FAQ@FreeBSD.org">FAQ ºûÅ@ªÌ</ulink>¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¤°»ò¬O FreeBSD¡H</title> + +<para>²³æ¦a¨Ó»¡¡AFreeBSD 2.X ¬O¤@®M®Ú¾Ú U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite +release for the i386 platform ©Ò§¹¦¨ªº UN*X-like §@·~¨t²Î¡C¥¦¦P®É¤]¶¡ +±µ¨Ï¥Î¤F William Jolitz ²¾´Ó¨ì i386 ¤Wªº U.C. Berkeley's Net/2¡A¤]´N¬O +386BSD¡C¤£¹L²{¦b 386BSD ªºµ{¦¡½X¥u³Ñ¤U·¥¤Ö¼ÆÁÙ¯d¦s¦b FreeBSD ¤¤¡C±z¥i +¥H¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org">FreeBSD º¶</ulink> §ä¨ì¦³Ãö¤° +»ò¬O FreeBSD ¥H¤Î¥¦¥i¥HÀ°±z°µ¨Ç¤°»òªº¬ÛÃö¸ê°T¡C</para> + +<para>FreeBSD ¤w³Q¼sªx¦a³Q¥@¬É¦U¦aªº¤½¥q¦æ¸¹¡AISP¡A¬ã¨s¤Hû¡A¹q¸£±M®a¡A¾Ç +¥Í¡A¥H¤Î®a®x¥Î¤á©Ò¨Ï¥Î¡A¥Î¦b¤u§@¡A±Ð¨|¡A¥H¤Î®T¼Ö¤W¡C±z¥i¥H¦b +<ulink URL="../gallery/gallery.html">FreeBSD Gallery</ulink>¬Ý¨ì¤@¨Ç¦³ +Ãö¥L̪º¸ê®Æ¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG·Q¬ÝÃö©ó FreeBSD §ó²`¤Jªº¸ê®Æ¡A½Ð¬Ý +<ulink URL="../../handbook/index.html">FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U</ulink>¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>µo®i FreeBSD ªº¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò¡H</title> + +<para>FreeBSD pµeªº¥Øªº¬O´£¨Ñ¥i¥H¥ô·N¨Ï¥Î¥B¨S¦³¨îªº³nÅé¡C§Ú̦bµ{¦¡½X +(¥H¤Îp±Þ¥»¨) ¤W¥I¥X¤F¤j¶q¤ß¦å¡AÁöµM§Ų́S¦³¯S§O±j½Õ¡A¤£¹L¨Ã¤£n¨D¥ô +¦óª÷¿ú¤Wªº¦^õX¡C§Ú̬۫H§Ú̺nªº``¥ô°È''´N¬O´£¨Ñµ{¦¡½Xµ¹¨C¤@ӨϥΠ+ªÌ¡A¤£ºÞ¥L̪º¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò¡F³o»ò¤@¨Ó¡A³o¨Çµ{¦¡½X¤~¯à³Q¥Î¦b³Ì¦h¦a¤è¡A¤] +¤~¯àµo´§¥¦Ì³Ì¤jªº§Q¯q¡C§Ú̬۫H³o´N¬O¦Û¥Ñ³nÅé³Ì°ò¥»ªº¥Ø¼Ð¤§¤@¡A¦Ó¥B§Ú +Ì·|ºÉ¥þ¤O¥h¤ä«ù¥¦¡C</para> + +<para>¦b§ÚÌ source tree ¤¤¦³³¡¥÷ªºµ{¦¡½X¬O±Ä¥Î©Ò¿×ªº GPL ©Î¬O LGPL ª©Åv +«Å§i¡AÁöµM³o¨Çª©Åv«Å§i¬O¥Î¨Ó«O»Ù¦Ó«D¨î¨Ï¥ÎªÌªºÅv§Q¡A²¦³º¬O¤£¨º»ò¦Û¥Ñ +¤F¨Ç¡C¥Ñ©ó³o¨Ç GPL ªº³nÅé¦b°Ó·~¨Ï¥Î¤W·|¤Þ°_«D±`½ÆÂøªºª©Åv°ÝÃD¡A¦]¦¹¥u +n¦³¾÷·|¡A§ÚÌ·|ºÉ¶q¥H±Ä¥Î¤ñ¸ûÃPªº BSD ª©Åvªº³nÅé¨Ó¨ú¥N³o¨Ç GPL ª©Åv«Å +§iªº³nÅé¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¬°¤°»òn¥s°µ FreeBSD¡H</title> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>±z¥i¥H§K¶O¨Ï¥Î¥¦¡A§Y¨Ï¬O¥Î©ó°Ó·~¥Î³~¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¾ãÓ FreeBSD §@·~¨t²Î§¹¾ãªºì©lµ{¦¡³£¥i¥H§K¶O¨ú±o¡A¦Ó¥B¦b¨Ï¥Î +¤Î´²§G¦U¤è±¤]¥u¨ü¨ì³Ì¤pªº¨î (¤£½×¬O§_¥Î©ó°Ó·~¥Î³~)¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¥ô¦ó¤H³£¥i¥H¦Û¥Ñ¦a§â¥L¹ï¨t²Îªº§ï¨}©Î¿ù»~×¥¿ªºµ{¦¡½X¥[¤J +source tree ¤§¤¤ (·íµMn²Å¦X´XÓ¥ý¨M±ø¥ó)¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>¦pªGŪªÌ±zªº¥À»y¤£¬O^»yªº¸Ü¡A±zn¯S§Oª`·N³o¸Ìªº``free''¨âºØ¥Îªkªº +·N«ä¬O¤£¤@¼Ëªº¡G¤@ºØªº·N«ä¬O``§K¶O''¡A¥t¤@ºØªº·N«ä¬O``¦Û¥Ñ''¡C±z¥i¥H®³ +FreeBSD 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+¦³®ÉÔ·|³Q¨ä¥L¤H»´µø¡C</para> + +<para>¦³®ÉÔ§ÚÌ·|¬°³o¨Ç -current µo®i¤¤ªºµ{¦¡½Xµoªí +<ulink URL="../releases/snapshots.html">snapshot</ulink>¡A§ó¦³¬ÆªÌ¡A§ÚÌ +ÁÙ·|µoªí CDROM «¬¦¡ªº snapshot¡Cµoªí³o¨Ç snapshot ªº¥Øªº¦b©ó¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>´ú¸Õ³Ì·sª©ªº¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>´£¨Ñ¤@Ó²³æªº¤èªkµ¹¨º¨Ç³ßÅw¨Ï¥Î -current ¦ý¬O¨S¦³®É¶¡©MÀW¼e¥h +¨C¤Ñª@¯Åªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¬°¤F´À§Ú̵o®i¤¤ªºµ{¦¡«O¯d¤@Ó©T©wªº°Ñ¦ÒÂI¡A¥H¨¾¤î§ÚÌ¥¼¨Ó³y¦¨ +¤£©¯¡C(ÁöµM CVS ¥i¥H¥¿±`¦a¨¾¤îÃþ¦ü³oºØªº¥i©È¨Æ¥ó :) +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¬°¤F½T«O©Ò¦³»Ýn´ú¸Õªº·s¥\¯à³£¥i¥H±o¨ì³Ì¦hªº´ú¸Õ¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>µL½×¦p¦ó¡A§Ṳ́£«OÃÒ snapshot ªº«~½è¡C¬°¤Féw©Ê¡A±z³Ì¦n¨Ï¥Î§¹¥þ +release ªºª©¥»¡C</para> + +<para>±z¥i¥Hª½±µ±q +<ulink URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/</ulink> ¨ú±o snapshot +release¡A¤£ºÞ¬O 4.0-current ©Î¬O 3.0-stable¡A¥§¡¨C¤Ñ³£·|²£¥Í¤@Ó +snapshot ªºª©¥»¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="stable"> +<title>¤°»ò¬O FreeBSD-stable¡H</title> + +<para>¦^·¹¨ì FreeBSD 2.0.5 èµoªíªº®ÉÔ¡A§Ų́M©w§â FreeBSD ªº release +¤À¦¨¨â¤ä¡C¤@¤ä¥s°µ<ulink URL="../../handbook/stable.html">-stable</ulink>¡A +§ÚÌ¥u¹ï¥¦°µ¿ù»~×¥¿¤Î¤p´T«×ªº×§ï (³o¬Oµ¹ ISP ©M°Ó·~¤½¥qµ¥¹ï¹êÅ礤¥\ +¯à¤£·P¿³½ìªº³æ¦ì©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº)¡C¥t¥~¤@¤ä¥s°µ +<ulink URL="../../handbook/cutting-edge.html#CURRENT">-current</ulink>¡A±q 2.0 ª©µo¦æ¥H +«á´N¤£¶¡Â_¦a´ÂµÛ 4.0-RELEASE (¥H¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥») «e¶iµÛ¡C¤U±´N¬Oª©¥»ºt +¶iªº¥Ü·N¹Ï¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> 2.0 + | + | + | [2.1-stable] + *BRANCH* 2.0.5 -> 2.1 -> 2.1.5 -> 2.1.6 -> 2.1.7.1 [2.1-stable ends] + | (Mar 1997) + | + | + | [2.2-stable] + *BRANCH* 2.2.1 -> 2.2.2-RELEASE -> 2.2.5 -> 2.2.6 -> 2.2.7 -> 2.2.8 [end] + | (Mar 1997) (Oct 97) (Apr 98) (Jul 98) (Dec 98) + | + | + 3.0-SNAPs (started Q1 1997) + | + | + 3.0.0-RELEASE (Oct 1998) + | + | [3.0-stable] + *BRANCH* 3.1 (Feb 1999) -> 3.2 -> ... future 3.x releases ... + | (May 1999) + | + \|/ + + + [4.0-current continues]</literallayout> +</para> + +<para>-current ³oÓ¤À¤ä¥¿½wºC¦a´Â¦V 4.0 ¥H¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»«e¶iµÛ¡A¦Ó¤§«eªº +2.2-stable ¤À¤ä«hÀHµÛ 2.2.8 ªºµoªí¦Ó¥\¦¨¨°h¡C3.0-stable ±N·|¦¨¬°¥Dn +ªºµo®i½u¡A3.3 ±N·|¦b 1999 ¦~²Ä¤T©u¤½¥¬¡A4.0 ¬O¥Ø«eªº "current ¤À¤ä"¡A +4.0 ªº²Ä¤@¦¸ release À³¸Ó·|¦b 2000 ¦~²Ä¤@©u¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="release-freq"> +<title>·sªº FreeBSD ±N©ó¤°»ò®ÉÔ±À¥X¡H</title> + +<para>¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¡A·í FreeBSD core team »{¬°¤w¸g²Ö¿n¤F¨¬°÷¦hªº·s¥\¯à©M¿ù»~× +¥¿¡A¦Ó¥B³o¨Ç§ó°Ê¨Ã¤£¼vÅT¨t²Îéw«×ªº®ÉÔ¡A¥L̤~·|±À¥X·sª©ªº FreeBSD¡C +ÁöµMµ¥«Ý³o¨Ç¦nªF¦èªº®É¶¡¥O¤H¦³ÂIªq³à¡A¦ý¬O¤j¦h¼Æªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£»{¬°³oºØÂÔ·V +ªººA«×¬O FreeBSD ³Ì¦nªº³¡¥÷¤§¤@¡C</para> + +<para>¥§¡¦Ó¨¥¡A§Ų́C¥|Ó¤ëµo¦æ¤@¦¸ release¡C</para> + +<para>¬°¤Fº¡¨¬¨º¨Ç»Ýn (©Î·Qn) ¨ë¿Eªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A³q±` SNAP ªºµoªí¬O¬Û·íÀWÁc +ªº¡A¯S§O¬O¦b release µoªí¤§«e¤@Ӥ륪¥k¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>FreeBSD ¥u¯à¦b PC ¤W¨Ï¥Î¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>FreeBSD 3.x ¥Ø«e¥i¥H¦b +<ulink URL="../alpha/alpha.html">DEC Alpha</ulink> ¤W¨Ï¥Î¡A´N¹³¦b x86 ¬[ +ºc¤U¨Ï¥Î¤@¼Ë¡C§Ú̹ﲾ´Ó¨ì SPARC ¤W¤]¦³¬Û·íªº¿³½ì¡A¤£¹L³o³¡¥÷ªºpµeÁÙ +¨S¦³§¹¥þ©ú®Ô¤Æ¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG±zªº¾÷¾¹¤£¬O¥H¤W³o¨Ç¬[ºc¡A¦Ó¥B±z²{¦b´Nnªº¸Ü¡A§ÚÌ«Øij±z°Ñ¦Ò +<ulink URL="http://www.netbsd.org/">NetBSD</ulink> ©Î¬O +<ulink URL="http://www.openbsd.org/">OpenBSD</ulink>¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>½Öt³d FreeBSD ªºµo®i¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªG¬O¤@¨Ç¦³Ãö FreeBSD pµeªºÃöÁä©Ê¨M©w¡A¹³¬O¾ãÓpµeªº¨«¦V©Î¬O¨M +©w½Ö¥i¥H§ï source tree ¸Ìªºµ{¦¡½X³oÃþªº¨Æ¡A¬O¥Ñ¤@Ó¬ù 15 Ó¤H©Ò²Õ¦¨ªº +<ulink URL="../../handbook/staff.html#STAFF-CORE">core team</ulink> ¨Ó¨M©w¡C¦Ó¦³ +¥t¤@¸s¬ù 150 Ó <ulink URL="../../handbook/staff-committers.html">commiters</ulink> ¦³Åv§Q¥i¥Hª½±µ×§ï FreeBSD ªº source tree¡C</para> + +<para>µL½×¦p¦ó¡A¤j¦h¼Æªº§ïÅܳ£·|¨Æ«e¦b +<xref linkend="mailing" remap="mailing lists"> ¥ý°Q½×¹L¡A¦Ó¥B¨CÓ¤H³£¥i¥H°Ñ»P +°Q½×¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="where-get"> +<title>§Ún¦p¦ó¨ú±o FreeBSD¡H</title> + +<para>¨CÓ FreeBSD ªº«nª©¥»³£¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ°Î¦W ftp ±q +<ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">FreeBSD FTP site</ulink> +¨ú±o¡C</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>¦pªG¬O¥Ø«eªº 2.2-stable release¡A2.2.8R¡A½Ð¬Ý +<ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/2.2.8-RELEASE/">2.2.8-RELEASE</ulink> ³oӥؿý¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¦pªG¬O¥Ø«eªº 3.0-stable release¡A3.0-RELEASE¡A½Ð¬Ý +<ulink URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/3.0-RELEASE/">3.0-RELEASE</ulink> +³oӥؿý¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>ÀHµÛ RELENG_2_2 ¤À¤ä («á¨Óªº 2.2.8) ºCºC¦a¶i¤JºûÅ@¶¥¬q¡A§Ų́C +¤Ñ³£·|µo¦æ <ulink URL="ftp://releng22.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">2.2 Snapshot</ulink>¡C§Ú̥ثe¥¿§´µ½ºûÅ@µÛ RELENG_2_2 ³oÓ¤À¤ä¡A°£«D +¹ï¨t²Î¦w¥þ©Î¬O¨t²Îªº¥i¾a©Ê¦³©Ò¼W±j¡A§_«h§Ú̱N¤£¦A§ó°Ê¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>ÀHµÛ RELENG_3 ¤À¤ä («á¨Óªº 3.0-release) ºCºC´ÂµÛ 3.2-RELEASE +µo®i¡A§Ṳ́]·|¨C¤Ñµo¦æ <ulink URL="ftp://releng30.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">3.0 Snapshot</ulink>¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><xref linkend="current" remap="-current"> ¤À¤ä¨C¤Ñ³£·|±À¥X +<ulink URL="ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">4.0 Snapshot</ulink>¡A¯Âºé¬O¬°¤F¼ö¤ßªº´ú¸ÕªÌ¥H¤Îµo®i¤Hû©Ò´£¨Ñªº¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>FreeBSD ªº CDROM ¥i¥H±q¤U¦C¦a¤è¨ú±o :</para> + +<para>Walnut Creek CDROM<!-- <br> --> +4041 Pike Lane, Suite F<!-- <br> --> +Concord, CA 94520 USA<!-- <br> --> +Orders: +1 800 786-9907<!-- <br> --> +Questions: +1 925 674-0783<!-- <br> --> +FAX: +1 925 674-0821<!-- <br> --> +email: <ulink URL="mailto:orders@cdrom.com">WC Orders address</ulink><!-- <br> --> +WWW: <ulink URL="http://www.cdrom.com/">WC Home page</ulink><!-- <br> --></para> + +<para>¦pªG±z¦b¿D¬w¡A±z¥i¥H§ä¡G</para> + +<para>Advanced Multimedia Distributors<!-- <br> --> +Factory 1/1 Ovata Drive<!-- <br> --> +Tullamarine, Melbourne<!-- <br> --> +Victoria<!-- <br> --> +Australia<!-- <br> --> +Voice: +61 3 9338 6777<!-- <br> --></para> + +<para>CDROM Support BBS<!-- <br> --> +17 Irvine St<!-- <br> --> +Peppermint Grove WA 6011<!-- <br> --> +Voice: +61 9 385-3793<!-- <br> --> +Fax: +61 9 385-2360<!-- <br> --></para> + +<para>¦b^°ê¡G</para> + +<para>The Public Domain & Shareware Library<!-- <br> --> +Winscombe House¡ABeacon Rd<!-- <br> --> +Crowborough<!-- <br> --> +Sussex. TN6 1UL<!-- <br> --> +Voice: +44 1892 663-298<!-- <br> --> +Fax: +44 1892 667-473<!-- <br> --></para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="mailing"> +<title> §Ú¦b¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì¦³Ãö FreeBSD mailing lists ªº¸ê°T¡H + </title> + +<para>±z¥i¥H¦b <ulink URL="../../handbook/eresources.html#ERESOURCES-MAIL">¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U - mailing-lists</ulink> ¤¤§ä¨ì§¹¾ãªº¸ê°T¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¦b¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì FreeBSD Y2K ªº¬ÛÃö¸ê°T¡H</title> + +<para>±z¥i¥H¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/y2kbug.html">FreeBSD Y2K ±MÄæ</ulink> ¨ú±o§¹¾ãªº¸ê°T¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¦³¤°»ò°Q½× FreeBSD ªº·s»D°Q½×¸s²Õ¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>±z¥i¥H¦b <ulink URL="../../handbook/eresources-news.html">¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U - ·s»D°Q½×¸s²Õ</ulink> ¤¤§ä¨ì§¹¾ãªº¸ê°T¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> ¦³±Mªù°Q½× FreeBSD ªº IRC ÀW¹D¶Ü¡H + </title> + +<para>¬Oªº¡A¤j³¡¥÷¥Dnªº IRC ºô¸ô¥D¾÷³£´£¨Ñ¤F FreeBSD ªº²á¤ÑÀW¹D¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>EFNet ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <emphasis remap=tt>#FreeBSD</emphasis> ÀW¹D¬O¤@Ó FreeBSD ªº½× +¾Â¡A¦ý¬O±z¥i¯àµLªk±q¨ºÃä±o¨ì§Þ³N¤è±ªº¤ä´©¡A±z¤]§O·Q¦b¨ºÃä§ä¨ì¥ô¦ó +¤H¥i¥HÀ°±zÁקK±¼¾\Ū man page ¥H¤Î¦Û¤v¬ã¨sªºµhW¡C¨º¬O¤@Ó¥H²á¤Ñ¬° +¥DªºÀW¹D¡A¦b¨ºÃä²á¨ì FreeBSD ©M²á¨ì©Ê¡B¹B°Ê¡B¥H¤Î®Ö¤lªZ¾¹ªº¾÷·|¬O +¤@¼Ë°ªªº¡C +§Ṳ́w¸gĵ§i¹L±z¤F¡C +±z¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ <filename>irc.chat.org</filename> ¨Ó³s½u¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>DALNET ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <emphasis remap=tt>#FreeBSD</emphasis> ÀW¹D¡A¦b¬ü°ê¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ +<filename>irc.dal.net</filename> ¨Ó³s½u¡A¦b¼Ú¬w¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ <filename>irc.eu.dal.net</filename> +¨Ó³s½u¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>UNDERNET ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <emphasis remap=tt>#FreeBSD</emphasis> ÀW¹D¡A¦b¬ü°ê¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ +<filename>us.undernet.org</filename> ¨Ó³s½u¡A¦b¼Ú¬w¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ +<filename>eu.undernet.org</filename> ¨Ó³s½u¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>³Ì«á¡A±z¤]¥i¥H¥[¤J BSDNET ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <emphasis remap=tt>#FreeBSD</emphasis> ÀW +¹D¡A³o¬O¤@Ó¤p«¬ªº BSD ±M¥Î²á¤Ñºô¸ô¡A¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ +<filename>irc.FreeBSD.org</filename> ¨Ó³s½u¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>¥H¤Wªº³o¨ÇÀW¹D³£¬O¤£¦Pªº¡A¦Ó¥B¥¦Ì¨Ã¨S¦³¤¬¬Û³s³q¡C¥¦Ì²á¤Ñªº¤è¦¡¤] +¤£¾¨¬Û¦P¡A©Ò¥H±z¥i¯à¨CÓ³£n¥hÀ|¸Õ¤@¤U¡A¥H§ä¨ì³Ì¾A¦X±zªºÀW¹D¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>FreeBSD ¬ÛÃö®ÑÄy</title> + +<para>±z©Î³\¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý <emphasis remap=tt>doc</emphasis> mailing list¡G +<ulink URL="mailto:freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org"><freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.org></ulink> ¤Wªº FreeBSD ¤å¥ópµe (¦pªG±z +¯à¥[¤J³o¬Opµe¨º¬O¦A¦n¤£¹Lªº¤F)¡C³oÓ mailing list ¬O¥Î¨Ó°Q½× FreeBSD +¤å¥óªº¡C¦pªG±z·Qnµo°Ý°ÝÃDªº¸Ü¡A§Ṳ́]¦³ <emphasis remap=tt>questions</emphasis> mailing +list¡G +<ulink URL="mailto:freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org"><freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org></ulink> ¡C</para> + +<para>±z¤]¥i¥H±q +<ulink URL="../../handbook/index.html">FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U</ulink> +¨ú±o FreeBSD``¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U''¡C½Ðª`·N¡A³o¥÷¤å¥ó¤´³B©ó»s§@¶¥¬q¡A¦³«Ü¦h³¡¥÷³£ +ÁÙ¨S¦³§¹¦¨¡C</para> + +<para>¦³Ãö FreeBSD ªº®ÑÄy¤¤¡A³Ì¦nªºÀ³¸Ó´N¬O Greg Lehey µÛ§@¡AWalnut Creek +CDROM Books ¥Xª©ªº``The Complete FreeBSD''¤F¡C²{¦b³o¥»®Ñ¤w¸g¥X¨ì²Ä¤Gª© +¤F¡AÁ`¦@ 1750 ¶¥ª¥k¡A¤º®e¥]¬A¦w¸Ë¡A¨t²ÎºÞ²z«ü¾É¡Aµ{¦¡¦w¸Ë¨ó§U¡A¥H¤Î +manual pages¡C³o¥»®Ñ (¥H¤Î³Ì·sª©ªº FreeBSD release) ¥i¥H¦V +<ulink URL="http://www.cdrom.com">Walnut Creek</ulink>¡A +<ulink URL="http://www.cheapbytes.com">CheapBytes</ulink>¡A©Î¬O¥ô¦ó¤@¶¡ +±z³ßÅwªº®Ñ§½qÁÊ¡C¥Lªº ISBN ¸¹½X¬O 1-57176-227-2¡C</para> + +<para>µM¦Ó¡A¦]¬° FreeBSD 2.2.X ¬O¥H 4.4BSD-Lite2 ¬°°ò¦¨Óµo®iªº¨t²Î¡A©Ò¥H +¤j³¡¥÷ 4.4BSD ªº¤â¥U³£¾A¥Î©ó FreeBSD 2.2.X¡CO'Reilly and Associates +¥Xª©¤F¤U¦C¤â¥U¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>4.4BSD System Manager's Manual <!-- <br> --> +By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <!-- <br> --> +1st Edition June 1994, 804 pages <!-- <br> --> +<ulink URL="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1-56592-080-5">ISBN</ulink>: 1-56592-080-5 <!-- <br> --> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>4.4BSD User's Reference Manual <!-- <br> --> +By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <!-- <br> --> +1st Edition June 1994, 905 pages <!-- <br> --> +<ulink URL="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1-56592-075-9">ISBN</ulink>: 1-56592-075-9 <!-- <br> --> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents <!-- <br> --> +By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <!-- <br> --> +1st Edition July 1994, 712 pages <!-- <br> --> +<ulink URL="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1-56592-076-7">ISBN</ulink>: 1-56592-076-7 <!-- <br> --> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>4.4BSD Programmer's Reference Manual <!-- <br> --> +By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <!-- <br> --> +1st Edition June 1994, 886 pages <!-- <br> --> +<ulink URL="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1-56592-078-3">ISBN</ulink>: 1-56592-078-3 <!-- <br> --> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>4.4BSD Programmer's Supplementary Documents <!-- <br> --> +By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <!-- <br> --> +1st Edition July 1994, 596 pages <!-- <br> --> +<ulink URL="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1-56592-079-1">ISBN</ulink>: 1-56592-079-1 <!-- <br> --></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>±z¥i¥H¦b WWW ¤W§ä¨ì¬ÛÃö¤¶²Ð¡G</para> + +<para><ulink URL="http://gnn.com/gnn/bus/ora/category/bsd.html">4.4BSD books description</ulink>¡C¦]¬°¾P°â±¡§Î¨Ã¤£¬O«Ü¦n¡A©Ò¥H±z¥i¯à«Ü +Ãø¥h¨ú±o³o¨Ç®ÑÄy¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG±z·Q¹ï 4.4BSD ªº®Ö¤ß¬[ºc¦³§ó²`¼hªº»{ÃÑ¡A±zµ´¤£¯à¿ù¹L³o¥»®Ñ :</para> + +<para>McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, +and John Quarterman.<!-- <br> --></para> + +<para><emphasis>The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating +System</emphasis>. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1996.<!-- <br> --> +<ulink URL="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0-201-54979-4">ISBN</ulink> 0-201-54979-4<!-- <br> --></para> + +<para>¤@¥»¦³Ãö¨t²ÎºÞ²zªº¦n®Ñ¡G</para> + +<para>Evi Nemeth, Garth Snyder, Scott Seebass & Trent R. Hein,<!-- <br> --> +``Unix System Administration Handbook'', Prentice-Hall, 1995<!-- <br> --> +<ulink URL="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0-13-151051-7">ISBN</ulink>: 0-13-151051-7<!-- <br> --></para> + +<para><acronym>NOTE</acronym> ½Ð½T»{±z¶R¨ìªºªº½T¬O²Ä¤Gª©¡A¥¦¬O¬õ¦â®Ñ¥Öªº¡A²Ä¤@ª©ªº¤£¬O¡C</para> + +<para>³o¥»®Ñ²[»\¤F¤@¨Ç°ò¦ªºªF¦è¡A¥]¬A TCP/IP¡ADNS¡ANFS¡ASLIP/PPP¡A +sendmail¡AINN/NNTP¡Aprinting¡Aµ¥¡C³o¥»®ÑÆZ¶Qªº (¤j¬ù +US$45-$55) ¡A¤£¹L¥¦ªº½T¦³³oÓ»ùÈ¡C¥¦¤]ªþ¤F¤@¤ù¤º§t¤@¨Ç +¤u¨ãµ{¦¡ì©l½Xªº CDROM¡F¤j³¡¥÷ªºªF¦è¦b FreeBSD 2.2.6R ªº CDROM ¸Ì¤]¦³ ( +³q±` FreeBSD CDROM ¸Ìªº¬O¤ñ¸û·sª©ªº) ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún¦p¦ó¥h¦s¨ú±z̪º¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w©O¡H</title> + +<para>©Ò¦³¨Ï¥ÎªÌ open ªºÅܧón¨D³£¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ§ÚÌ web ¬É±ªº PR +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/send-pr.html">submission</ulink> ¤Î +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr-summary.cgi">query</ulink> +¨Ó¬d¸ß (©Î¬O¦^³ø) §Ú̪º¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w¡C<command>send-pr(1)</command> ³oÓ«ü¥O¤] +¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ¹q¤l¶l¥ó¨Ó¦^³ø¿ù»~©Î¬On¨DÅܧó¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì ASCII ©Î¬O PostScript ª©ªº FAQ¡H</title> + +<para>³Ì·sªº FAQ ¥i¥H±q FreeBSD ºô¯¸©Î¬O¥ô¦ó¤@Ó mirror ¯¸»O¨ú±o¡A¤£½×¬O +PostScript ©Î¬O¯Â¤å¦rªº (¥]¬A 7 bit ASCII ¥H¤Î 8-bit Latin1) ³£¦³¡C</para> + +<para>PostScript ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 370KB)¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/FAQ/FAQ.ps">http://www.FreeBSD.org/FAQ/FAQ.ps</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>ASCII ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 220KB)¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/FAQ/FAQ.ascii">http://www.FreeBSD.org/FAQ/FAQ.ascii</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>ISO 8859-1 ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 220KB)¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/FAQ/FAQ.latin1">http://www.FreeBSD.org/FAQ/FAQ.latin1</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì ASCII ©Î¬O PostScript ª©ªº¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¡H</title> + +<para>³Ì·sªº FAQ ¥i¥H±q FreeBSD ºô¯¸©Î¬O¥ô¦ó¤@Ó mirror ¯¸»O¨ú±o¡A¤£½×¬O +PostScript ©Î¬O¯Â¤å¦rªº (¥]¬A 7 bit ASCII ¥H¤Î 8-bit Latin1) ³£¦³¡C</para> + +<para>PostScript ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 1.7MB)¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/handbook.ps">http://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/handbook.ps</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>ASCII ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 1080KB)¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/handbook.ascii">http://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/handbook.ascii</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>ISO 8859-1 ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 1080KB)¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/handbook.latin1">http://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/handbook.latin1</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>ASCII ª©ªº¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¤£¬O¯Â¤å¦rÀÉ¡I</title> + +<para>¬Oªº¡AASCII ©M Latin1 ®æ¦¡ªº FAQ 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+»O¤¤¨ú±oºô¶¸ê®Æ¡C´N±q +ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-current/www ¶}©l§a¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú·Qn½Ķ¤å¥ó</title> + +<para>¶â¡A§Ų́S¯à¤Oµ¹±zÁ~¤ô¡A¤£¹L¦pªG±z¯à´£¨Ñ½Ķ¦nªº¤å¥óªº¸Ü¡A§ÚÌ·|°e +±z CD ©Î¬O T-shirt¡A¨Ã§â±z¥[¤J¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¸Ì Contributor ªº¦æ¦C¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¨ä¥L¸ê°T¨Ó·½</title> + +<para>¤U¦C newsgroups ¤¤¥]¬A¤F FreeBSD ¬ÛÃöªº°Q½×¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="news:comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce">comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce</ulink> (moderated) +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="news:comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc">comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc</ulink> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="news:comp.unix.bsd.misc">comp.unix.bsd.misc</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>ºô¶¸ê·½¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>The <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/">FreeBSD Home Page</ulink>. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><anchor id="pao">¦pªG±z¦³½¥¤W«¬¹q¸£ (laptop) ªº¸Ü¡A§O§Ñ¤F¥h¬Ý¬Ý +¦ì©ó¤é¥»ªº +<ulink URL="http://www.jp.FreeBSD.org/PAO/">Tatsumi Hosokawa's Mobile Computing page</ulink>¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><anchor id="smp">SMP (¥¦æ¦h³B²z¾¹¬[ºc) ªº¬ÛÃö¸ê°T½Ð¬Ý +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/~fsmp/SMP/SMP.html">SMP support page</ulink>¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><anchor id="multimedia">¦³Ãö FreeBSD ¦h´CÅé¤è±ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¡A½Ð¬Ý +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/~faulkner/multimedia/mm.html">multimedia</ulink>¡C¦pªG±z¹ï Bt848 ³oÓ¼v¹³Â^¨ú´¹¤ù¯S§O¦³¿³½ìªº¸Ü¡A +½Ð¬Ý<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/~ahasty/Bt848.html">³oÓºô¶</ulink>¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¤]¦³¤@¤À«Ü§¹¾ãªº +<ulink URL="../../handbook/bibliography.html">°Ñ¦Ò®ÑÄy¦Cªí</ulink>¡A¦pªG±z +¥¿·Q¶R®Ñªº¸Ü¡A³o³¡¥÷ȱo¤@¬Ý¡C</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="install"> +<title>¦w¸Ë FreeBSD</title> + + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó¤U¸üþ¨ÇÀÉ®×¥H¨ú±o FreeBSD¡H</title> + +<para>³q±`§A¥u»Ýn¤@±i³nºÐ image ÀÉ¡A<filename>floppies/boot.flp</filename>¡A§â¥¦«þ +¨©¨ì 1.44MB ³nºÐ¤ù¤WµM«á±Ò°Ê¥¦¡A¦A¥h¤U¸ü¨ä¥Lªº³¡¥÷(¦w¸Ëµ{§Ç·|ºÞ +²z§Aªº TCP/IP ³s½u¡A¥H¤Î tapes¡A¥úºÐ¾÷¡A³nºÐ¾÷¡ADOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡A¤Î +¨ä¥L¥un¬O¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤»Ýn¥Î¨ìªº¨Æª«)¡C</para> + +<para>Y§A¥u»Ýn¦Û¤v¤U¸ü distributions(¥i¨³³tªº¥Ñ DOS Àɮרt²Î¨Ó¦w¸Ë) +¡A¥H¤U¬O§ÚÌ«Øij§A§ì¨Ó¦w¸Ëªº distributions¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para> bin/<!-- <br> --></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para> manpages/<!-- <br> --></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para> compat*/<!-- <br> --></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para> doc/ <!-- <br> --></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para> src/ssys.* <!-- <br> --></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>¦w¸Ëµ{§Çªº§¹¾ã«ü¥O¡A¥H¤Î§ó¦h´¶¹M©Ê¦w¸Ë®É·|¸I¨ìªº°ÝÃD¥i¥H¦b +<ulink URL="../../handbook/install.html">Handbook entry on installing FreeBSD.</ulink>³o¸Ì§ä¨ì¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>±Ï©R¡I±Ò°Êªº³nºÐ image ÀɵLªk¶ë¨ì¤@¤ù³æ¿Wªº³nºÐ¤ù¸Ì¡I + </title> + +<para>¤@±i 3.5 ^¦T(1.44MB)³nºÐ¤ù¥i¥H®e¯Ç 1474560 ¦ì¤¸²Õªº¸ê®Æ¡C +±Ò°Êªº image ÀÉ´Nè¦n¬O³oÓ¤j¤p¡C</para> + +<para>¦b·Ç³Æ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¤ù®É±`¨£ªº¿ù»~¦³¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>¨Ï¥Î <acronym>FTP</acronym> ®É¨S¦³¨Ï¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>binary</emphasis> ¼Ò¦¡¤U¸ü³nºÐ +image¡C +</para> + +<para>¬Y¨Ç FTP client ³nÅ饦̤º©wªº¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡¬O <emphasis remap=tt>ascii</emphasis> +¨Ã¥B¸ÕµÛ§ó§ï¥ô¦óªº end-of-line ¦r¤¸¡A¥H²Å¦X³oÓ client ¨t²Î +¥»¨ªºÂà´«¡C¤j³¡¤À±¡§Î¤U³o¥²µM·|·´·l±Ò°Ê image ÀÉ¡AÀˬd¤@¤U +§A¤U¸üªº±Ò°Ê image Àɤj¤p¡G¦pªG³o¤£¬O<emphasis>§¹¥þ¦a</emphasis>»P server +ºÝ¤Wªº¤j¤p¬Û¦P¡A¨º»ò§Aªº¤U¸üµ{§Ç´N¦³°ÝÃD¡C</para> + +<para>¸Ñ¨M¤èªk¡G¦b§A³s±µ¤W server ¦ý©|¥¼¶}©l¤U¸ü¬M¹³Àɤ§«e¡A +¬Ý¨ì FTP ©R¥O´£¥Ü¸¹®É¥´ <emphasis remap=tt>binary</emphasis>¡C</para> + +<para></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¨Ï¥Î DOS ªº <emphasis remap=tt>copy</emphasis> ©R¥O(©Îµ¥®Äªº GUI ¤u¨ã)¨Ó§â±Ò +°Ê image Àɶǰe¨ì³nºÐ¤ù¡C 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+®§¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¥Î¤@±ø¨ÃÁp½u(PLIP)³s±µ¨â¥x FreeBSD¡C + </title> + +<para>§ä¤@±ø laplink ½u¡A½T©w¨âÃä¹q¸£ªº®Ö¤ß³£¤ä´© lpt ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> $ dmesg | grep lp + lpt0 at 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa + lpt0: Interrupt-driven port + lp0: TCP/IP capable interface + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>§â laplink ½u´¡¤J¨ÃÁp¬É±¤W¡C</para> + +<para>¥Î root ¨¤À¦b¨â¥x¹q¸£¤W³]©w lp0 ªººô¸ô¬É±°Ñ¼Æ¡CÁ|¨Ò¡A¦pªG +§A·Q¥Î max ³s±µ moritz¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> max <-----> moritz +IP Address 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>max ºÝÀ³¸Ó³o¼Ë¶}©l¡G +<literallayout> # ifconfig lp0 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>moritz «h³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # ifconfig lp0 10.0.0.2 10.0.0.1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦n¤F¡I¤]½Ð§A¬Ý¬Ý lp(4) ©M lpt(4) ªº manpages¡C</para> + +<para>§A¤]¸Ó§â³o¨Ç¥D¾÷¥[¨ì /etc/hosts ¸Ì±¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> 127.0.0.1 localhost.my.domain localhost + 10.0.0.1 max.my.domain max + 10.0.0.2 moritz.my.domain moritz + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¥Î¥H¤U¤èªkÀˬd¬O§_¦³¥¿±`°Ê§@¡G</para> + +<para>on max:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>$ ifconfig lp0 +lp0: flags=8851<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 + inet 10.0.0.1 --> 10.0.0.2 netmask 0xff000000 </literallayout> +</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>$ netstat -r +Routing tables + +Internet: +Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire +moritz max UH 4 127592 lp0</literallayout> +</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>$ ping -c 4 moritz +PING moritz (10.0.0.2): 56 data bytes +64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=2.774 ms +64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=2.530 ms +64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=2.556 ms +64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=2.714 ms + +--- moritz ping statistics --- +4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss +round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 2.530/2.643/2.774/0.103 ms</literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> §Ú¥i¥H¦b§Úªº½¥¤W«¬¹q¸£¥Î PLIP(Parallel Line IP)¦w¸Ë¶Ü¡H + </title> + +<para>¥Î laplink ¨ÃÁp½u³s±µ¨â¥x¹q¸£¥H¨Ï¥Î³oÓ¯S©Ê¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> +----------------------------------------+ + |A-name A-End B-End Descr. Port/Bit | + +----------------------------------------+ + |DATA0 2 15 Data 0/0x01 | + |-ERROR 15 2 1/0x08 | + +----------------------------------------+ + |DATA1 3 13 Data 0/0x02 | + |+SLCT 13 3 1/0x10 | + +----------------------------------------+ + |DATA2 4 12 Data 0/0x04 | + |+PE 12 4 1/0x20 | + +----------------------------------------+ + |DATA3 5 10 Strobe 0/0x08 | + |-ACK 10 5 1/0x40 | + +----------------------------------------+ + |DATA4 6 11 Data 0/0x10 | + |BUSY 11 6 1/0x80 | + +----------------------------------------+ + |GND 18-25 18-25 GND - | + +----------------------------------------+ + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>½Ð°Ñ¦Ò Mobile Computing ºô¶ªº <xref linkend="pao" remap="this note">¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="geometry"> +<title> §Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î¤@ӺϺи˸mªº geometry¡H + </title> + +<para>(¤@¥xºÏºÐªº"gromrtry"¡A§ÚÌ«üªº¬O³o¥xºÏºÐ¤W cylinders, heads +©M sectors/track ªº¼Æ¥Ø - ¬°¤F¤è«K¥BºÙ¤§¬° C/H/S¡C³o¬O PC ªº +BIOS ¥Î¨ÓŪ/¼gºÏºÐªº¨Ì¾Ú)¡C</para> + 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change from wd3 to wd2</literallayout> + + +¦w¸Ë·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¡C +¦pªG§A²¾°Ê§AªººÏºÐ¾÷¡A¨Ã§Æ±æ§â¥ý«eªº³]©w«ì´_¡A¥un§âºÏºÐ¥Î¹w´Á +ªº³]©w¸m´«¦^¨ÓµM«á«·s¶}¾÷¡C§Aªº¨t²ÎÀ³¸Ó´N¯à¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</orderedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>°O¾ÐÅ骺¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S</title> + +<para>¹ï°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó»¡¡A(²z½×¤W)¨î¬O 4 gigabytes¡C1 gigabytes ¤w³Q´ú¸Õ +¹L¡F¤@¯ë§A¤£¥i¯à¶R¨ì¥i¥H¤ä´©¶W¹L³oӼƥتº i386 PC¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>ffs Àɮרt²Îªº¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S</title> + +<para>¹ï ffs filesystems ¦Ó¨¥¡A³Ì¤j²z½×Ȩî¦b 8 terabytes(2G blocks +)¡A©Î·í¨Ï¥Î¤º©w 8K block ¤j¤p®É¡A¨î¬O 16TB¡CÁÙ¦³¡A³nÅé¨î¬O +1 terabytes¡A¦ý¦pªG¬O¸g¹Lק諸Àɮרt²Î¤W 4 terabytes ¬O¥i¯à(¨Ã +¥B¦s¦b)ªº¡C</para> + +<para>³æ¤@ ffs Àɮתº¤j¤p³Ì¤j¬OÁͪñ 1G blocks(4TB) - °²¦p block ¤j¤p¬O +4K¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> maxfilesize + ---------------------------------- + 2.2.7 3.0 +fs block size -stable -current works should-work +------------- ------- -------- ----- ----------- +4K 4T-1 4T-1 4T-1 4+T +8K 32+G 8T-1 32+G 16T-1 +16K 128+G 16T-1 128+G 32T-1 +32K 512+G 32T-1 512+G 64T-1 +64K 2048+G 64T-1 2048+G 128T-1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>·í fs block ¤j¤p¬O 4K¡Atriple indirect block ¹B§@¨Ã¥B©Ò¦³ªº¨Æ±¡ +³£À³¸Ó¥Hªí¥Ü¦¨¨Ï¥Î triple indirect block ªº³Ì¤j fs block ¨Ó§@ +¨î(ªñ¦ü©ó 1K^3 + 1K^2 + 1K)¡A¦ý¦b fs block ¼Æ¥Ø¤W«o¦³¤@Ó(¿ù»~) +ªº 1G-1 ¨î¡C¹ï fs block ¼Æ¥Øªº¨îÀ³¸Ó¬O 2G-1¡C¦b fs block +¼Æ¥Ø±µªñ 2G-1 ®É¦³ÂI¿ù»~¡A¦ý·í fs block ¤j¤p¬O 4K ®É³oÓ block +¼Æ¥Ø¬O¤£¯à¹F¨ìªº¡C</para> + +<para>block ¤j¤p¦pªG¬O 8K ©Î§ó¤j¡Afs block ¼Æ¥ØÀ³¸Ó¨î¦b 2G-1¡A¦ý¹ê +»Ú fs block ¼Æ¥Ø«o¨î¦b 1G-1¡A°£¤F¦b -stable ®É triple indirect +blocks ¬OµLªk¹F¨ìªº¡A©Ò¥H³Ì¦h fs block ¼Æ¥Øªº¨î¥i¥Hªí¥Ü¦¨¥Î +double indirect blocks(ªñ¦ü©ó(blocksize/4)^2 + (blocksize/4)) +¡A¥B¦b -current ¤U¶W¹L³oÓ¨î¥i¯à·|¾ÉP°ÝÃD²£¥Í¡C¨Ï¥Î¥¿½Tªº +2G-1 block ¨îªº½T·|¾ÉP°ÝÃDµo¥Í¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¦b³nºÐ¤W©ñ¤J 1TB ÀɮסH</title> + +<para>§Ú¦Û¤v´N¦b³nºÐ¤ù¤W©ñ¦n´XÓ :-)¡CÀɮתº³Ì¤j®e¶q¨Æ¹ê¤W¸òºÏºÐ³Ì¤j 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Spectrum 16¡AAdLib ¤Î Gravis UltraSound sound cards¡C +¦ý¹ï©ó MPU-401 ¤Î¨ä¬Û®e MIDI ¥dªº¤ä·½¦³¡C¹ï©ó¨Ï¥Î Microsoft +Sound System ªº¥d¥i¥H³z¹L pcm ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¥¦¡C</para> + +<para><acronym>NOTE</acronym> ³oÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¥u¾A¥Î©óÁnµ¤è±¡A¦Ó¥B¨Ã¤£¤ä´©¦b³o¨Ç +¥d¤Wªº CD-ROM¡ASCSI ©Î joysticks¡C¦ý¤]¦³¨Ç¨Ò¥~¡A¹³¬O SoundBlaster¡B +SoundBlaster SCSI ¤¶±¤Î¬Y¨Ç«D SCSI CDROMS ¦³³Q¤ä´©¡A¦ý§AµLªk¨Ï¥Î³o +¨Ç³]³Æ¶}¾÷¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>es1370 ªºµ®Ä¥d¥Î pcm ÅX°Êµ{¦¡Å¥¤£¨ìÁnµ¡H</title> + +<para>±z¥i¥H¦b¨C¦¸¶}¾÷®É°õ¦æ³oÓ©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para>mixer pcm 100 vol 100 cd 100</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¨º¨Çºô¸ô¥d³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡H</title> + +<para>°Ñ¦Ò<ulink URL="../../handbook/install:nics.html">¤A¤Óºô¸ô¥d</ulink> +¡A¸Ì±¦³§¹¾ãªº²M³æ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Úªº¹q¸£¨S¦³¯BÂI¹Bºâ¾¹¡A³oÅ¥°_¨Ó¦n¹³¤£¤Ó¦n¡H</title> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>Note</emphasis> ³o¥u·|¼vÅT¨ì¥Î 386/486SX/486SLC ªº¤H - ¨Ï¥Î¨ä¥Lªº CPU ³£ +¤w¸g¤º§t¯BÂI¹Bºâ¾¹¤F¡C</para> + 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FAQ</ulink></para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>·í§Ú¶}¾÷®É¡A¿Ã¹õÅܶ¡A¥B¤£°±°{°Ê¡I</title> + +<para>³oÓ°ÝÃD¡A¤wª¾¬O¥Ñ ATI Mach 64 Åã¥Ü¥d©Ò¤Þ°_ªº¡C¦]¬°³o¶ô¥d¨Ï¥Î¨ì +<emphasis remap=tt>2e8</emphasis> ³oÓ¦ì§}¡A¦Ó³o»P²Ä¥|ӧǦC°ð(serial port)©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¦ì§}¬Û¦P¡C¦Ó +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?sio">sio.c</ulink> +³oÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A¤£ª¾¹D¬O bug ©Î¬O¥\¯à(feather)¡A´Nºâ±z¨S¦³²Ä¥|ӧǦC°ð¡A +©Î¬O¤w¸g±N sio3 (²Ä¥|ӧǦC°ð¡^¨ú®ø¤F¡A¥¦¨ÌµM·|¥h¹Á¸ÕÅX°Ê¥¦¡C</para> + +<para>ª½¨ì³oÓ°ÝÃD³Q¸Ñ¨M¥H«e¡A±z¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î³oÓ¤èªk¡G</para> + +<para> +<orderedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü¡]¬Ý¨ì<emphasis remap=tt>boot:</emphasis> ®É¡^¥´¤J <option>-c</option>¡C ¡]³o·|Åý kernel +¶i¤J³]©w¼Ò¦¡¡^ +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¨ú®ø <emphasis remap=tt>sio0</emphasis>¡A<emphasis remap=tt>sio1</emphasis>¡A<emphasis remap=tt>sio2</emphasis> and <emphasis remap=tt>sio3</emphasis> ¡]¥þ³¡¡^ +³o¥i¥HÅý sio ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤£°Ê§@ -> ©ó¬O°ÝÃD¸Ñ¨M¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¿é¤J exit 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URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&query=xf86config">xf86config</ulink> ¤@¹M¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="reallybigram"> +<title> §Ú¦³ 128 MB ªº RAM¡A¦ý¬O¨t²Î¥u¥Î¨ä¤¤ªº 64MB + + </title> + +<para>¦]¬° FreeBSD ¬O¨Ï¥Î©I¥s BIOS ¨Ó¨ú±o°O¾ÐÅé¤j¤pªº¤èªk¡A¦]¦¹¥¦¥u¯à +°»´ú¨ì 16 bits ¦ì¤¸ªø«×ªº KByte ¤j¤p (65535 KBytes = 64MB) +(©ÎªÌ§ó¤Ö..¡C¦³¨Ç BIOS ±N³Ì°ª°O¾ÐÅé¤j¤p¬°¥u¦³ 16MB) +¦pªG±z¾Ö¦³ 64MB ¥H¤Wªº RAM¡AFreeBSD ·|¹Á¸Õ¥h°»´ú¥X¥¦¡A¦ý¬O¦³¥i¯à +·|¥¢±Ñ¡C</para> + +<para>n¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD¡A±z»Ýn¨Ï¥Î¤U±©Ò´£ªº kernel ³]©w¿ï¶µ¡C +ÁöµM¦³¤èªk¥i¥H±q BIOS ¤¤¨ú±o°O¾ÐÅ骺§¹¾ã¸ê°T¡A¦ý¬O¥Ø«e§Ú̦b +bootblock ¤¤¨Ã¨S¦³¦h¾lªºªÅ¶¡¨Ó°µ³o¥ó¨Æ¡C·í¬Y¤Ñ bootblock ªÅ¶¡ +¤£¨¬ªº±¡§ÎÀò±o¸Ñ¨M®É¡A§Ú̱N·|¨Ï¥Î BIOS ªº©µ¦ù¥\¯à¨Ó¨ú±o°O¾Ð +Å骺§¹¾ã¸ê°T...¦ý²{¦b§Ú̱N¥¦©ñ¦b kernel ³]©w¿ï¶µ¤¤¡C</para> + +<para><literal>options "MAXMEM=<n>"</literal></para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>n</emphasis> ¬O«ü±zªº°O¾ÐÅé¤j¤p¡A¥H KB ¬°³æ¦ì¡C¥H¤@¥x¦³ 128MB RAM ªº +¾÷¾¹¨Ó»¡¡A±z¥i¨Ï¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>131072</emphasis> 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+¦Ó¨Ï¥Î¤@Ó§t¤£¥¿½T¸ê®ÆªºÀɮצ³®É´N·|¾ÉP panic¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªGµo¥Í¤F³oÓ°ÝÃD¡A½Ð«·s¶}¾÷¡A¶i¤J³æ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡AµM«á°õ¦æ:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> rm /var/db/kvm_*.db + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>ahc0: brkadrint¡A Illegal Host Access at seqaddr 0x0</title> + +<para>³o¬O¤@Ó©M Ultrastor SCSI ±±¨î¥d¦³Ãöªº½Ä¬ð </para> + +<para>¦b¶}¾÷®É¡A¶i¤J kernel ³]©w¿ï³æ +¨ú®ø <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?uha(4)">uha0</ulink>¡A¥¦¬O³y¦¨³oÓ°ÝÃDªºì¦]</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>Sendmail ¤@ª½©ê«è ``mail loops back to myself''</title> + +<para>³oÓ°ÝÃD¦b sendmail ªº FAQ ¤¤¬O³o¼Ë¦^µªªº:- +<literallayout> * §Ú¤@ª½¦¬¨ì¦³Ãö "Local configuration error" ªº«H¥ó¡A¨Ò¦p: + + 553 relay.domain.net config error: mail loops back to myself + 554 <user@domain.net>... Local configuration error + + §Ún¦p¦ó¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD? + + ±z§Q¥Î MX ³]©w¡AÅýn±H¨ì¬Y domain (¦p: domain.net) ªº«H¥ó¡A + ±H¨ì±z©Ò«ü©wªº¾÷¾¹ (¦b³oÓ¨Ò¤l¤¤¬° relay.domain.net)¡A¦ý¬O³o + ³¡¾÷¾¹¨Ã¥¼³Q³]©w±µ¨ü domain.net ªº«H¥ó¡C§â domain.net ¥[¨ì + /etc/sendmail.cw ¤¤ (¦pªG±z¦³¨Ï¥Î FEATURE(use_cw_file)) ©Î¬O + ¦b sendmail.cf ¤¤¥[¤J "Cw domain.net" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para><ulink URL="ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/sendmail-faq">sendmail FAQ</ulink> ²{¦b¤w¤£¦AÀHµÛ sendmail "¥X³f"¡C +¥¦¥Ø«e¬O³Q©w´Áªºµoªí¦b: +<ulink URL="news:comp.mail.sendmail">comp.mail.sendmail</ulink>¡A +<ulink URL="news:comp.mail.misc">comp.mail.misc</ulink>¡A +<ulink URL="news:comp.mail.smail">comp.mail.smail</ulink>¡A +<ulink URL="news:comp.answers">comp.answers</ulink>¡A©M +<ulink URL="news:news.answers">news.answers</ulink>¡C +±z¤]¥i¥H±H¤@«Ê Email ¨ì +<ulink URL="mailto:mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu">mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu</ulink>¡AµM«á¦b«H¥ó¤º¤å¤¤¼g¤W +"send usenet/news.answers/mail/sendmail-faq" 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¶i»·ºÝªº¾÷¾¹¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Úªº¾÷¾¹¤@ª½Åã¥Ü "calcru: negative time..."</title> + +<para>¸ò¤¤Â_ ¡]interrupt¡^ ¦³Ãöªº¤£¦PµwÅé »P/©Î ³nÅ骺·f°t³£¦³¥i¯à³y¦¨ +³oÓ°ÝÃD¡C³o¦³¥i¯à¬O bug ©Î¬O¬YӸ˸m¥»¨ªº°ÝÃD¡C¦b¥¦æ°ð¤W¨Ï¥Î +¤jªº MTU ¨Ó§@ TCP/IP ¶Ç¿é¥i¥H«²{³oÓ°ÝÃD¡CY¬O¹Ï§Î¥[³t¥d³y¦¨³oÓ +°ÝÃDªº¸Ü¡A±zÀ³¸Ó¥ýÀˬd¥dªº¤¤Â_³]©w¡C</para> + +<para>³oÓ°ÝÃDªºÃä»Ú®ÄÀ³¬O·|³y¦¨¦³¨Ç process ¥X²{ +"SIGXCPU exceeded cpu time limit" ªº°T®§¡A¦Ó¤£¥¿±`¤¤Â_</para> + +<para>Yª©¥»¬O 1998 ¦~ 11 ¤ë 29 ¤é¥H«áªº FreeBSD 3.0¡A¦pªG³oÓ +°ÝÃD¤@ª½µLªk¥H¨ä¥L¤èªk¸Ñ¨M¡A´N¥u¯à³]©w sysctl ÅܼơG +<literallayout> sysctl -w kern.timecounter.method=1</literallayout> +</para> + +<para> ³o¼Ë·|¹ï®Ä¯à¦³¨Ç¼vÅT¡A¦ý¬OY¦Ò¼{¨ì³oÓ°ÝÃD±a¨Óªº«áªG¡A³o¼Ë°µ¬OÈ +±oªº¡C¦pªG³oÓ°ÝÃDÁÙ¬O¦s¦bªº¸Ü¡A±N sysctl ¨ºÓȨ̵M³]¬° 1¡AµM«á +¼W¥[ kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤ "NTIMECOUNTER" ³oӿﶵªº¼ÆÈ¡C¦pªG±z±N +"NTIMECOUNTER" ¼W¥[¨ì 20 ¨ÌµMµLªk¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD¡A¨º»ò±z¾÷¾¹¤Wªº¤¤Â_ +¤w¸g¦h¨ìµLªk«O«ùéwªºª¬ºA¤F¡C</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="commercial"> +<title>°Ó·~³nÅé</title> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>ª`·N</emphasis>³o¤@¸`ªº¤º®eÁÙ¬O¬Û·í¤Ö¡A¤£¹L§ÚÌ·íµM§Æ±æ¦UÓ¤½¥q¯à¬°¥¦¥[ +ÂI¤º®e :) FreeBSD ²Õ´©M¦C¦b³o¸Ìªº¥ô¦ó¤@®a¤½¥q³£¨S¦³ª÷¿ú¤Wªº§Q®` +Ãö«Y¡A¦C¥X¨Ó¥u¬O¹ï¤j²³ªº¤½¶}ªA°È¡]¦P®É¤]»{¬°¦b FreeBSD ¤Wªº°Ó·~¿³ +½ì¡A·|¹ï FreeBSD ªø¤[¥Í¾÷¦³·¥¥¿±ªº®Ä¯q¡^¡C§Ú̹ªÀy°Ó·~³nÅ骺¼t°Ó +§â¥L̪º²£«~¥]¬A¦b¤U±ªº¦W³æ¤¤¡A¦b +<ulink URL="../../commercial/commercial.html">Vendors page</ulink> +¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¸ûªø¦Cªí¡C</para> + + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¥i¥H¦bþÃä§ä¨ìµ¹ FreeBSD ¥Îªº Motif¡H</title> + +<para>¥i¥HÁpµ¸ <xref linkend="apps2go" remap="Apps2go"> ¨ú±o FreeBSD ELF ª©¥»ªº +Motif 2.1 ®M¥ó¡C<anchor id="apps2go"></para> + +<para>³oÓ®M¥ó¸Ì¦³¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>OSF/Motif manager, xmbind, panner, wsm. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Development kit with uil, mrm, xm, xmcxx, include and Imake +files. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Static and dynamic ELF libraries¡]µ¹ FreeBSD 3.0 ¤Î¥H«áª©¥» +¨Ï¥Î¡^ +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Demonstration applets.</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>¦]¬° <emphasis>Apps2go</emphasis> ¤]¦³´£¨Ñ NetBSD ©M OpenBSD ªºª©¥»¡A©Ò¥H¦bqÁÊ +®É½Ð¯S§O«ü©w¬On FreeBSD ª©¥»ªº Motif¡I¥L̥ثe¥u´£¨Ñ¥H FTP ªº¤è¦¡¨ú±o +³o¥÷®M¥ó¡C</para> + +<para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry><term>§ó¦h¸ê°T</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.apps2go.com/">Apps2go WWW º¶</ulink></para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>©Î</term> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="mailto:sales@apps2go.com">Sales</ulink> ©Î +<ulink URL="mailto:support@apps2go.com">Support</ulink> email «H½c¡C</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>©Î</term> + +<listitem> +<para>¹q¸Ü (817) 431 8775 or +1 817 431-8775</para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</para> + +<para>¤]¥i¥HÁpµ¸ <xref linkend="metrox" remap="Metro Link"> ¨ú±oµ¹ FreeBSD ELF +©Î a.out ª©¥»ªº Motif 2.1 ®M¥ó¡C</para> + +<para>³o¥÷®M¥ó¥]¬A¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>OSF/Motif manager, xmbind, panner, wsm. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Development kit with uil, mrm, xm, xmcxx, include and Imake +files. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Static and dynamic libraries¡]FreeBSD 3.0 ¤Î¤§«áª©¥»¬O¥Î +ELF¡FFreeBSD 2.2.8 ¤Î¤§«eªº¬O¥Î a.out¡^ +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Demonstration applets. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Preformatted man pages.</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>¥Ñ©ó <emphasis>Metro Link</emphasis> ¤]¦³´£¨Ñ Linux ªºª©¥»¡A©Ò¥HqÁÊ®Én¯S§O«ü +©ú¬O FreeBSD ª©¥»ªº Motif¡I¥i¥H¥Ñ¥úºÐ©Î±q FTP ¨Ó¨ú±o³oÓ®M¥ó¡C</para> + +<para>Ápµ¸ <xref linkend="xig" remap="Xi Graphics">¡A¥LÌ´£¨Ñ¤F¤@Óµ¹ FreeBSD +¥Îªº a.out ®æ¦¡ªº Motif 2.0 ®M¥ó¡C</para> + +<para>¦b³o®M¥ó¤¤¥]¬A¤F¡G +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>OSF/Motif manager, xmbind, panner, wsm. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Development kit with uil, mrm, xm, xmcxx, include and Imake +files. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Static and dynamic libraries¡]µ¹ FreeBSD 2.2.8 ©M§ó¦ª©¥»¥Îªº¡^ +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Demonstration applets. +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Preformatted man pages.</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>¦b§A¸ò¥LÌqÁÊ Motif ®É¡A½Ð¤@©wµù©ú§Anªº¬O FreeBSD ªºª©¥»¡I +¦]¬° <emphasis>Xi Graphics</emphasis> ¤]¦P®É´£¨Ñ¤F BSDI ¸ò Linux ª©¥»ªº Motif¡C +¥Ø«eµo¦æªºª©¥»¬O©ñ¦b¥|¶ôºÏ¤ù¤¤¡A±N¨Ó¥LÌ·|±N©Ò¦³ªºªF¦è³£©ñ¨ì¥úºÐ¸Ì¡A +´N¹³¥LÌ©Òµo¦æªº CDE ¤@¼Ë¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¥i¥H¦bþÃä§ä¨ìµ¹ FreeBSD ¥Îªº CDE¡H</title> + +<para><xref linkend="xig" remap="Xi Graphics"> ¥H«e¦³½æ FreeBSD ¥Îªº CDE¡A¦ý¥L +̲{¦b¤£°µ¤F¡C</para> + +<para><ulink URL="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</ulink> ¬O¥t¤@Óì©l½X¤½¶}ªº +X11 ®à±µ{¦¡¡A¦³«Ü¦h¦a¤è©M CDE ¬Û·íÃþ¦ü¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> ¦³¨S¦³n¿ú¡A¦ý¬O°ª®Ä²vªº X servers¡H + </title> + +<para>¦³¡A<ulink 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+<listitem> +<para>¹q¸Ü (954) 938-0283 or +1 954 938-0283</para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</para> + +<para>Xi Graphics ©Ò´£¨Ñªº°ª®Ä¯à X Server ¦³«D±`²³æªº³]©w¤è¦¡¡A¨Ã¥B¤ä´© +¤F¥Ø«e¥«±¤W·í¬õªº¦U¤j¼tµPªºÅã¥Ü¥d¡C¥¦¥uµ¹§A Binary ÀɮסA¬O¥ÎºÏ¤ùªº¤è +¦¡µo¦æ¡AFreeBSD ¸ò Linux ª©¥»³£¬Û¦P¡CXi Graphics ¦P®É¤]´£¨Ñ¤F±Mªùµ¹ +laptop ¥Îªº°ª®Ä¯à X Server¡C +<anchor id="xig"></para> + +<para>5.0 ª©¦³´£¨Ñ§K¶Oªº "compatibility demo" ª©¥»¡A§A¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ªºì +¼t¥|¤ù¥úºÐ¤¤§ä¨ì¡A·íµM§A¤]¥i¥Hª½±µ¦bºô¸ô¤W¨ú±o¡C</para> + +<para>Xi Graphics ¤]¦³¦b½æ FreeBSD ¥Îªº Motif ¸ò CDE¡]©¹¤W±¬Ý¬Ý¡^¡C</para> + +<para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry><term>§ó¦hªº¸ê°T</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.xig.com/">Xi Graphics WWW º¶</ulink></para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>©Î</term> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="mailto:sales@xig.com">Sales</ulink> ©Î +<ulink URL="mailto:support@xig.com">Support</ulink> email «H½c</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>©Î</term> + +<listitem> +<para>¹q¸Ü (800) 946 7433 or +1 303 298-7478.</para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¦b FreeBSD ¤W¦³¥ô¦óªº¸ê®Æ®w¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>¦³! ½Ð¬Ý FreeBSD ºô¯¸¤W<ulink URL="../../commercial/software_bycat.html#CATEGORY_DATABASE">°Ó·~³nÅ餽¥q</ulink>³o¤@³¡¥÷¡C</para> + +<para>ÁÙ¦³½Ð°Ñ¦Ò ports ¤¤ <ulink URL="../../ports/databases.html">Databases</ulink> ¬ÛÃöªº¦¬¶°¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤W°õ¦æ Oracle ¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>¥i¥H¡A¤U±³oÓºô¶·|»¡©ú¦p¦ó¦b FreeBSD ¤W°õ¦æ Linux ª©ªº Oracle¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.scc.nl/~marcel/howto-oracle.html">http://www.scc.nl/~marcel/howto-oracle.html</ulink> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="http://www.lf.net/lf/pi/oracle/install-linux-oracle-on-freebsd">http://www.lf.net/lf/pi/oracle/install-linux-oracle-on-freebsd</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="applications"> +<title>¤@¯ëÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡</title> + + +<sect1> +<title>¶â¡C§Ún¦bþ§ä¨ì§Únªºµ{¦¡£°?</title> + +<para>½Ð¬Ý¬Ý <ulink URL="/usr/ports/">ports ¥Ø¿ý</ulink> §a¡C +³oÃ䦳¥÷¤w¸g port ¨ì FreeBSD ªº³nÅé¦Cªí¡C¥Ø«e¦³¶W¹L 1800 Ó³nÅé¤w¸g³Q +port ¨ì FreeBSD ¤W¡A¨Ã¥B¨C¤Ñ³£¦b¼W¥[¤¤¡C©Ò¥H¦³ªÅ´N¦h¬Ý¬Ý³o¥÷¦Cªí¡A +¤£µM§A¤]¥i¥Hq¾\ <emphasis remap=tt>freebsd-announce</emphasis> +<xref linkend="mailing" remap="mailing list"> ³o¥÷ mailing list¡A·|¦³¤H±N +¨CÓ¬P´Á³Ì·sªº³nÅé¦Cªí¶K¦b¤W±¡C</para> + +<para>¤j³¡¥÷ªº ports À³¸Ó³£¥i¥H¦b 2.2¡A3.0 ¸ò 4.0 ªº¨t²Î¤W¨Ï¥Î¡A +¨Ã¥BÁÙ¦³³¡¥÷ªº ports ¥i¥H¦b 2.1.x ªº¨t²Î¤W¹B§@¡C +¨C¦¸·í FreeBSD release ®É¡A³£·|¦³¤@¥÷ ports tree ³Q©ñ¦b³o¤@Ó +release cd ¸Ì±ªº <filename>ports/</filename> ¥Ø¿ý¸Ì¡C</para> + +<para>§Ṳ́]¤ä´©¤@ºØ¥s ``package'' ªº·§©À¡A°ò¥»¤W´N¬O gzip À£ÁY¡B¥i¥Î +¨Óµo¦æªº binary ÀɮסA¦ý¬O¸Ì±ÂäF¤@¨Ç¬Û·í¦³¥Îªº¸ê°T¡A¥i¥Hµ¹¦UºØ¦Û +q¦w¸Ë¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¡C¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤£¥²ª¾¹D¬YÓ package ¸Ì¨s³º¦³¥]¬A¨º¨ÇÀɮסA´N¥i +¥H«Ü¤è«K¦a«½Æ±N¥¦¦w¸Ë/¤Ï¦w¸Ë¡C</para> + +<para>§A¥i¥H°õ¦æ <filename>/stand/sysinstall</filename> «á¡A¦b post-configuration +¿ï³æ¤U¿ï¾Ü package ³oÓ¦w¸Ë¿ï¶µ¡F©Î¬O¹ï¬YÓ¦³¿³½ìªº package ÀÉ®×°õ +¦æ <command>pkg_add(1)</command>¡A§â¥¦¸Ë°_¨Ó¡CPackage Àɮ׳q±`¥H <filename>.tgz</filename> +§@¬°©µ¦ùÀɦW¡A¤â¤W¦³ FreeBSD CDROM ªº¤H¥i¥H¦b <filename>packages/All</filename> +³oӥؿý¤U§ä¨ì³oÃþÀɮסC¹ï¤£¦Pªº FreeBSD ª©¥»¡A¤]¥i¥H±q¤U¦C¦ì§}¥Ñºô +¸ô¤W¨ú±o¡G</para> + +<para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry><term>µ¹ 2.2.8-release/2.2.8-stable ¥Îªº</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-2.2.8/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-2.2.8/</ulink></para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>µ¹ 3.2-release/3.2-stable ¥Îªº</term> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-3-stable/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-3-stable/</ulink></para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>µ¹ 4.0-current ¥Îªº</term> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-4-current/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-4-current/</ulink></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</para> + +<para>©Î¬OÂ÷§A³Ìªñªº mirror ¯¸¡C</para> + +<para>nª`·Nªº¬O¡A¦]¬°·sªº port ¤@ª½¦b¼W¥[¤¤¡A©Ò¥H¨Ã¤£¬O©Ò¦³ port ³£ +¦³¬Û¹ïÀ³ªº package¡C³Ì¦n©w®ÉÀˬd +<ulink URL="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/">ftp.FreeBSD.org</ulink>¡A +¬Ý¬Ý¦³¨º¨Ç package ¥i¥H¥Î¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¥i¥H¦bþÃä§ä¨ì libc.so.3.0?</title> + +<para>§A¥i¯à¦b¤@¥x 2.1.x ªº¾÷¾¹¤W¡A¶]µÛµ¹ 2.2/3.x/4.0 ªº³nÅé¡C +½Ð¦A©¹¤W±¤@Ó³¹¸`¬Ý¡A¥¿½Tªº¨ú±oµ¹§A¾÷¾¹¥Îªº port/package¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="emul"> +<title> ghostscript ¦b§Úªº 386/486SX ¤W¦³ÂI°ÝÃD£°¡C + </title> + +<para>§A¨S¦³¯BÂI¹Bºâ¾¹¡A¹ï§a¡H +§A¥²¶·¦b§Aªº kernel ¤¤¥[¤J¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¼ÒÀÀ¾¹¡A§A¥i¥H¸òµÛ¤U±ªº¨BÆJ°µ¡A +¨Ã¦b§ó§ï¹L§Aªº kernel ³]©wÀÉ«á¡A«·s½sĶ¹L¤@¦¸¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> options GPL_MATH_EMULATE + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para><acronym>NOTE</acronym> ·í§A¥[¤J¤W¤@¦æªº¦P®É¡A§A¥²¶·±N <symbol>MATH_EMULATE</symbol> +²¾°£±¼¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> ·í§Ú°õ¦æ SCO/iBCS2 ªºµ{¦¡®É¡A¥¦±¾¦b <emphasis remap=tt>socksys</emphasis>¡C + </title> + +<para>§A¥²¶·¥ýקï <filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename> +(or <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf(5)">/etc/rc.conf</ulink>) ³oÀɮ׳̫á¤@Ó³¹¸`¡A±N¤U±©ÒÁ¿¨ìªºÅÜ¼Æ +³]¦¨ <acronym>YES</acronym>:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # Set to YES if you want ibcs2 (SCO) emulation loaded at startup + ibcs2=NO + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o·|¦b¶}¾÷®É±N <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ibcs2">ibcs2</ulink> +³o¤@Ó kernel ¼Ò²Õ¸ü¤J¡C</para> + +<para>§AÁÙn±N§Aªº /compat/ibcs2/dev §ï¦¨¤U±³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 9 Oct 15 22:20 X0R@ -> /dev/null +lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 7 Oct 15 22:20 nfsd@ -> socksys +-rw-rw-r-- 1 root wheel 0 Oct 28 12:02 null +lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 9 Oct 15 22:20 socksys@ -> /dev/null +crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 41, 1 Oct 15 22:14 spx + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>§A¥u»Ýn±N socksys Âà¦V¨ì <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?null(4)">/dev/null</ulink> +¥hÄF¹L open & close ªº°Ê§@¡C¦b -current ¸Ì±ªº ibcs2 ¬ÛÃöµ{¦¡½X±N·|³B +²z¨ä¾lªº³¡¥÷¡A³oºØ§@ªk¤ñ¥H«eªº¤è¦¡°®²b¤Ó¦h¤F¡C +°²¦p§A·Qn¨Ï¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>spx</emphasis> ¤è±ªºµ{¦¡¡A¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɸ̱¥[¤W +<symbol>SPX_HACK</symbol>¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> §Ún¦p¦ó¦b§Úªº¾÷¾¹¤W³]©w INN (Internet News)¡H + </title> + +<para>¦b§A¨Ï¥Î package ©ÎªÌ¬O port ¦w¸Ë§¹ inn ¤§«á¡A +<ulink URL="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~barr/INN.html">Dave Barr's INN Page</ulink> ¬OÓ«D±`¦nªº¶}©l¡A§A¥i¥H¦b¨ºÃä§ä¨ì +INN ªº FAQ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó¨Ï¥Î¨ºÓª©¥»ªº Microsoft FrontPage¡H + </title> + +<para>Use the Port, Luke¡I¦b ports tree ¤¤¤w¸g¦³¤@Ó¥]§t FrontPage ªº Apache ª©¥»¤F¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>FreeBSD ¤ä´© Java ¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>¦³¡A½Ð¬Ý <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/java">http://www.FreeBSD.org/java</ulink>.</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä±o¨ì ld.so¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªG±z§Æ±æ¦b 3.1-R ¤§«áªº ELF ¾÷¾¹¤W°õ¦æ¹³ Netscape Navagator µ¥ +ªº aout µ{¦¡¡A¥¦·|»Ýn /usr/libexec/ld.so ©M aout library¡C³o¨Ç³£¥] +¬A¦b compat22 ®M¥ó¤¤¡A±z¥i¥H¥Î /stand/sysinstall ©Î compat22 ¤l¥Ø¿ý +¤Uªº install.sh ¸Ë°_¨Ó¡C</para> + +<para>¦P®É¤]½Ð±z¬Ý¤@¤U 3.1-R ©M 3.2-R ªº ERRATA¡C</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="kernelconfig"> +<title>®Ö¤ß³]©w</title> + + +<sect1 +id="make-kernel"> +<title> §Ú·Q¦Ûq®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¡A³o·|«Ü§xÃø¶Ü¡H + + </title> + +<para>¤£·|¡I½Ð¬d¾\ <ulink URL="../../handbook/kernelconfig.html">kernel config section of the Handbook</ulink>.</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>ª`·N¡G</emphasis>§Ú·|«Øij§A¦b§AÅý®Ö¤ß¯à¥¿±`¤u§@«á¡A°µ¤@Ó +<filename>kernel.YYMMDD</filename>¤é´Á§Î¦¡ªº³Æ¥÷¡A³o¼Ë¤U¦¸¦pªG§A«Ü¤£©¯ªºª±Ãa +¤F³]©w¡A¦Ü¤Ö¥i¥H¤£»Ýn¨Ï¥Î³Ìì©lªº<filename>kernel.GENERIC</filename>¡C°²¦p§A +¥¿±q¤@Ó¨S¦³¦b GENERIC kernel ¸Ì±¤ä´©ªº±±¨î¾¹¸Ì±Ò°Ê¡A³oÅã±o¯S +§O«n(¨S¿ù¡A³o¬Oµ§ªÌªº¸gÅç)¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> §Úªº®Ö¤ß¦]¬°<symbol>_hw_float</symbol>¿ò¥¢¦Ó½sĶ¥¢±Ñ¡C + </title> + +<para>Åý§Ú²q¬Ý¬Ý¡A§A§â<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?npx(4)">npx0</ulink>±q§A +ªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɲ¾°£¤F¡A¦]¬°§A¨S¦³¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¾¹¡A¹ï¶Ü¡H¿ù¤F¡I:-) ³oÓ +<emphasis remap=tt>npx0</emphasis>¬O<emphasis remap=bf>¥²¶·n¦³ªº</emphasis>¡C´Nºâ§A¨S¦³¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¾¹¡A§A¤´<emphasis remap=bf>¥²¶·</emphasis> +¤Þ¤J<emphasis remap=tt>npx0</emphasis>¸Ë¸m¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>multi-port serial code ªº¤¤Â_½Ä¬ð¡C</title> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>Q.</emphasis> ·í§Ú½sĶ¤@Ó multi-port serial code ªº®Ö¤ß®É¡A¥¦§i¶D§Ú +¥u¦³²Ä¤@Ó³Q°»´ú¨ì¡A¨ä¥Lªº«h¦]¤¤Â_½Ä¬ð¦Ó¸õ¹L¤F¡A§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò×¥¿¥¦¡H</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>A.</emphasis> ³oÓ°ÝÃD¬O¦]¬° FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤º«Øµ{¦¡½XÁקK¦]¬°µwÅé©Î³nÅé +½Ä¬ð¾ÉP®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¹L©óªÎ¤j©ÎµL¥Î¡Cn×¥¿³oºØ±¡§Îªº¤èªk¬O°£¤F¤@Ó +port ¥~§â¨ä¥L©Ò¦³ªº IRQ ³]©w³£°µ«O¯d¡C³o¸Ì¦³¤@Ó½d¨Ò¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # + # Multiport high-speed serial line - 16550 UARTS + # + device sio2 at isa? port 0x2a0 tty irq 5 flags 0x501 vector siointr + device sio3 at isa? port 0x2a8 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr + device sio4 at isa? port 0x2b0 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr + device sio5 at isa? port 0x2b8 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò±Ò°Ê QIC-40/80 ªº¤ä´©¡H</title> + +<para>§A»Ýn¦b generic config Àɤ¤§â¥H¤U³o¦æªºµù¸Ñ¨ú®ø(©Î¬O§â¥¦¥[¨ì§Aªº +³]©wÀÉ)¡A¦b<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?fdc(4)">fdc</ulink>³o¦æ¥[¤J``<literal>flags 0x1</literal>''µM«á«·s½sĶ®Ö¤ß¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>controller fdc0 at isa? port "IO_FD1" bio irq 6 drq 2 flags 0x1 vector fdintr +disk fd0 at fdc0 drive 0 ^^^^^^^^^ +disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 +#tape ft0 at fdc0 drive 2 +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>±µµÛ¡A§A¥i¥H¦b<filename>/dev</filename>°õ¦æ¥H¤U©R¥O, «Ø¥ß¤@Ó¥s<filename>/dev/ft0</filename> +ªº¸Ë¸m¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> sh ./MAKEDEV ft0 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¬Oµ¹²Ä¤@Ӹ˸m¨Ï¥Î¡C¦P²z<emphasis remap=tt>ft1</emphasis>¬O²Ä¤GÓ¡A¥H¦¹Ãþ±À¡C</para> + +<para>§A±N·|¦³Ó¥s<filename>/dev/ft0</filename>ªº¸Ë¸m¡A¥i¥H³z¹L¤@Ó¯S®íªºµ{¦¡¥s +``<emphasis remap=tt>ft</emphasis>''ªº¨ÓºÞ²z¥¦ - ½Ð¬Ý<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ft">ft</ulink> +ªº man page ¦³§ó¶i¤@¨B»¡©ú¡C</para> + +<para>ª©¥»¤ñ<option>-current</option>¦ªº¨t²Î¦b³B²zÃaªººÏ±a´CÅé®É¦³¨Ç°ÝÃD¡A¦pªG§A +ªº<emphasis remap=tt>ft</emphasis>ºÏÀY¦³¤@ª½¦b¦P¤@Ó¦a¤è¨Ó¦^²¾°Êªº°ÝÃD¡A¹Á¸Õ±q<option>-current</option> +¸Ìªº<filename>/usr/src/sbin/ft</filename>§ä¥X³Ì·sª©ªº<emphasis remap=tt>ft</emphasis>¨Ã¥B¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý¡C</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="admin"> +<title>¨t²ÎºÞ²z</title> + + +<sect1> +<title>¨t²Î°_©l³]©wÀɦbþ¡H</title> + +<para>±q 2.0.5R ¨ì 2.2.1R¡A¥Dnªº³]©wÀɬO <filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename>¡C +©Ò¦³ªº¿ï¶µ³£³Q«ü©w¦b³oÓÀÉ¡A¦Ó¨ä¥L¹³ <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc">/etc/rc</ulink> +©M <filename>/etc/netstart</filename> ¥u¬O¤Þ¥Î¥¦¡C</para> + +<para>Æ[¹î <filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename> ³oÓÀɨÃ×¥¿¨äÈ¥H¾A¦X§Aªº¨t²Î¡C +³oÓÀɥεù¸Ñ¶ñº¡¥Hªí¥Ü¦ó³B¸Ó©ñ¸m¤°»ò³]©w¡C</para> + +<para>¦b 2.2.1 ¥H«á¤Î 3.0 ¡A<filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename> §ó¦W¬°¤@Ó§ó®e +©ö´yzªºÀɦW¥s <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf(5)">rc.conf</ulink> +¡A¨Ã¥B»yªk²¤Æ¤F¨Ç¡C<filename>/etc/netstart</filename> ¥ç§ó¦W¬° +<filename>/etc/rc.network</filename> ¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªºÀɮ׳£¥i¥H¥Î <command><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?cp">cp</ulink> /usr/src/etc/rc* +/etc</command> ¨Ó«þ¨©¡C</para> + +<para><filename>/etc/rc.local</filename> ¥X²{¨Ã¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó±Ò°ÊÃB¥~ªº¥»¦aªA°È¹³¬O +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^inn">INN</ulink> +©Î¬Y¨Ç¦Ûq¿ï¶µ¡C </para> + +<para><filename>/etc/rc.serial</filename> ¥Î¨Óªì©l¤Æ§Ç¦C°ð(¹³¬OÂê©w°ðªº¯S©Êµ¥¡^¡C</para> + +<para><filename>/etc/rc.i386</filename> ¬O Intel ±M¥Î³]©w¡A¹³¬O iBCS2 ¼ÒÀÀ©Î¬O PC +¨t²Î¥D±±¥x³]©w¡C</para> + +<para>¥Ñ 2.1.0R ¶}©l¡A§A¤]¥i¥H¦b <filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename> (©Î +<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>) ¸Ì«ü©w¤@ӥؿý¾Ö¦³"¥»¦a"°_©lÀÉ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # Location of local startup files. + local_startup=/usr/local/etc/rc.local.d + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¨CÓ¥H <filename>.sh</filename> µ²§ÀªºÀɱN¥H¦r¥À¶¶§Ç³Q°õ¦æ¡C</para> + +<para>°²¦p§A·Q½T«O¬YÓ°õ¦æ¶¶§Ç¤S¤£·Q§ï©Ò¦³ªºÀɦW¡A§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¤@Ó²³æ +ªº¬[ºc¦p¤U¡A§Q¥Î¨Æ¥ý¦w±Æ¨ì¨CÓÀɦW«eªº¼Æ¦r¨Ó½T«O¶¶§Ç¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> 10news.sh + 15httpd.sh + 20ssh.sh + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¥i¯à¬Ý°_¨Ó¦³ÂIÁà(©ÎÃþ¦ü SysV :-)) ¦ý¬O¥¦´£¨Ñ¤@Ó²³æ¦Ó³W«ßªº +¬[ºcÅý¥»¦a¥[¤Jªº®M¥ó¤£¶·½s¿è <filename>/etc/rc.local</filename> ´N¯à«·s±Æ +§Ç¡C³\¦hªº ports/packages °²³] <filename>/usr/local/etc/rc.d</filename> ¬O +¥»¦a°_©lªº¥Ø¿ý¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó²³æ¦a¥[¤J¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡S</title> + +<para>¨Ï¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?adduser">adduser</ulink> «ü¥O¡C¦pªG»Ýn§ó½ÆÂøªº¨Ï¥Î¤è¦¡¡A½Ð¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?pw">pw</ulink> ³oÓ«ü¥O¡C</para> + +<para>n¦A¦¸²¾°£¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¨Ï¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rmuser">rmuser</ulink> «ü¥O¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò§â·sµwºÐ¥[¤J FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤¤¡S</title> + +<para>¹î¬Ý <ulink URL="../../tutorials/diskformat/">www.FreeBSD.org</ulink> +ªººÏºÐ®æ¦¡¤Æ«ü¾É¤å¥ó¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¦³¤@Ó·sªº¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸m¡A§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î¡S</title> + +<para>¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸mµL½×¬O ZIP ©Î EZ(©Î¬Æ¦Ü¬O³nºÐ¾÷¡A¦pªG§An³o¼Ë¨Ï¥Î +¥¦)¡A©Î¬O¤@Ó·sªºµwºÐ¡A¥un¬O¦w¸Ë¨Ã¥Ñ¨t²Î«²Õ¡A¦Ó§A¦³ºÏ¤ù§X +/³nºÐ¤ù/©Î¨ä¥LªF¦è¥i¥H´¡¤J¡A¨º³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m³£¬OÃþ¦ü¥\¯àªºªF¦è¡C</para> + +<para><anchor id="disklabel">(¥»¸`¥Dn¥Ñ <ulink URL="http://www.vmunix.com/mark/FreeBSD/ZIP-FAQ.html">Mark Mayo's ZIP FAQ</ulink> ¤Þ¤J)</para> + +<para>°²¦p¬O ZIP ©Î³nºÐ¾÷¡A§A¤w¸g¦b¤W±¦³ DOS Àɮרt²Î¡A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î +¹³³o¼Ëªº©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> mount -t msdos /dev/fd0c /floppy + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¬O°w¹ï³nºÐ¾÷¡A©Î¬O¥H¤U©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> mount -t msdos /dev/da2s4 /zip + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¨Ï¥Î ZIP ªº¥X¼t¹w³]È¡C</para> + +<para>¨ä¥LºÏ¤ù¡A¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>fdisk</emphasis> ©Î <filename>/stand/sysinstall</filename> ¹î¬Ý +¦p¦ó°t¸m¡C</para> + +<para>±µ¤U¨Ó³oÓ½d¨Ò¬O ZIP ¸Ë¦b da2¡A¦b²Ä¤TÓ SCSI ºÏºÐ¡C</para> + +<para>°£«D¬O³nºÐ¾÷¡A©Î¤@Ó§Apµe¸ò¨ä¥L¤H¤À¨É¨Ï¥Îªº¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸m¡A¦b +¦w¸Ë BSD Àɮרt²Î¥i¯à¬O¤@Ó¤ñ¸û¦nªº¥D·N¡C§A±N¾Ö¦³ªøÀɦW¤ä´© +¡A¦Ü¤Ö¨â¿¥H¤Wªº®Ä²v¼W¶i¡AÁÙ¦³§ó°ªªºÃ©w«×¡Cº¥ý¡A§A»Ýn«·s +»s§@ DOS ¼hªº¤À³Î°Ï/Àɮרt²Î¡C§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?fdisk">fdisk</ulink> ©Î +<filename>/stand/sysinstall</filename>¡A©Î¹ï¤@Ó§A¤£·Q¤ä´©¦h«§@·~¨t²Îªº +¤pºÏºÐ¡A¥un§â¥¦¹º¤À¦¨¾ãÓ FAT ¤À³Îªí(slices)¨Ã¥Î¥H¤U BSD ¤À +³Îªk¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rda2 count=2 + disklabel -Brw da2 auto + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î disklabel ©Î <filename>/stand/sysinstall</filename> ¥h«Ø¥ß¦h« +BSD ¤À³Î°Ï¡CµLºÃªº¦pªG§A¥¿¦bµwºÐ¾÷¤W¼W¥[¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space)®É +§A´N»Ýn³o»ò°µ¡A¦ý¬O¦b¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸m¦p ZIP ¤W¥i¯à´N¬OµL·N¸qªº¡C</para> + +<para>³Ì«á¡A«Ø¥ß¤@Ó·sªºÀɮרt²Î¡A¤]´N¬O¦b ZIP ¸Ë¸m¤W¬O¨Ï¥Î¾ãӺϺСG</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> newfs /dev/rda2c + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¨Ã¥B§â¥¦ mount °_¨Ó¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> mount /dev/da2c /zip + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?fstab">/etc/fstab</ulink> ¥[¤J¤U±³o¤@¦æ¥i¯à¬O¤@Ó¦n¥D·N¡A§A¥H«á´N¥u +n¥´"mount /zip" :</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> /dev/da2c /zip ffs rw,noauto 0 0 + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò mount ¦¸nªº DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡S</title> + +<para>¦¸n DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¬O¦b©Ò¦³¥Dn¤À³Î°Ï¤§«á³Q§ä¨ì¡AÁ|¨Ò¡A¦pªG§A¦³¤@Ó +"E" ¤À³Î°Ï¦b²Ä¤GÓ SCSI ¸Ë¸mªº²Ä¤GÓ DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡A§A»Ýn¦b /dev ¤U +«Ø¥ß "slice 5" ªº¯S®íÀɮסAµM«á mount /dev/da1s5¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # cd /dev + # ./MAKEDEV sd1s5 + # mount -t msdos /dev/da1s5 /dos/e + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤U mount ¨ä¥L²§½è©ÊÀɮרt²Î¶Ü¡S</title> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf> Digital UNIX</emphasis> UFS ¥úºÐ¾÷¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤Wª½±µ mount¡C±q +Digital UNIX ©M¨ä¥L¤ä´© UFS ®æ¦¡ªº¨t²Î mount ºÏºÐ¤À³Î°Ï¥i¯à§ó +½ÆÂø¡A¥Dn²Ó¸`¬O¨Ì¿à§@·~¨t²ÎªººÏºÐ¤À³Îªk¡C</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf> Linux</emphasis>: 2.2 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¤ä´© <emphasis remap=bf>ext2fs</emphasis> ¤À³Î°Ï¡A½Ð¬d¾\ +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?mount_ext2fs">mount_ext2fs</ulink> ¦³§ó¦h¸ê°T¡C</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf> NT</emphasis>: ¤w¸g¦³¤@Ó FreeBSD ¤U¥i¥H¨Ï¥Îªº°ßŪ NTFS ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ +¦s¦b¡A§ó¦h¸ê°T§A¥i¥H¹î¬Ý Mark Ovens ¦b <ulink URL="http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~markov/ntfs_install.html">http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~markov/ntfs_install.html</ulink> +ªº«ü¾É¤¶²Ð¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG±z¯à´£¨Ñ¥ô¦ó³oÓ¥DÃDªº¨ä¥L¸ê°T¡A§ÚÌ·|«Ü·P¿E¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î NT loader ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD¡S</title> + +<para>³Ì´¶¹Mªº·Qªk¬O§â§A쥻 FreeBSD root ¤À³Î°Ïªº²Ä¤@Ӻϰϫþ¨©¨ì +DOS/NT ¤À³Î°Ï¸Ìªº¤@ÓÀɮפº¡C°²³]§A©R¦W¥¦¬°¡G +<filename>c:\bootsect.bsd</filename> (¥Ñ <filename>c:\bootsect.dos</filename> +±Â·N¦Ó¨Ó)¡A±µµÛ§A¥i¥H½s¿è <filename>c:\boot.ini</filename> Àɮפº®e¦p¤U¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> [boot loader] + timeout=30 + + default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS + [operating systems] + multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Windows NT" + C:\BOOTSECT.BSD="FreeBSD" + C:\="DOS" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦¹µ{§Ç°²³] DOS¡ANT¡AFreeBSD¡A©Î¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¤w¸g³Q¦w¸Ë¦b +<email>¦P¤@Ó</email> ºÏºÐªº¦U¦Û¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥»¨Ò¤¤§Úªº DOS & NT ¬O¦b²Ä¤@ +Ó¤À³Î°Ï¦Ó FreeBSD ¦b²Ä¤GÓ¡C§Ú¤]§â FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë¦¨¥Ñ native +partition ±Ò°Ê¡A<emphasis remap=bf>¦Ó¤£¬O</emphasis> ±qºÏºÐªº MBR¡C</para> + +<para>Mount ¤@Ó DOS ®æ¦¡¤Æªº³nºÐ¡]°²¦p§A¤w¸gÂà´«¨ì NTFS¡^©Î FAT ¤À +³Î°Ï¨ì <filename>/mnt</filename>¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> dd if=/dev/rda0a of=/mnt/bootsect.bsd bs=512 count=1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>«·s¶}¾÷¶i¤J DOS ©Î NT¡CNTFS ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ§â <filename>bootsect.bsd</filename> ¥H¤Î/©Î +<filename>bootsect.lnx</filename> ±q³nºÐ«þ¨©¨ì <emphasis remap=tt>C:\</emphasis>¡Cקï <filename>boot.ini</filename> +ªºÄÝ©Ê(¦s¨ú³\¥i)¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> attrib -s -r c:\boot.ini + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>½s¿è¨Ã±q¤Wz <filename>boot.ini</filename> ªº½d¨Ò¥[¤J¬ÛÃö¾A·íªº¶µ¥Ø¡A¦A§âÄݩʦ^´_ +¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> attrib +r +s c:\boot.ini + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦pªG FreeBSD ¬O¥Ñ MBR ±Ò°Ê¡A¦b§A«·s³]©w±qþÓ native ¤À³Î°Ï±Ò°Ê«á +¡A¥Î DOS ªº ``<emphasis remap=tt>fdisk</emphasis>'' ©R¥O¦^´_¥¦¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> §Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¥Î LILO ±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S </title> + +<para>¦pªG§A¦b¦P¤@ӺϺо÷¸Ì¦³ FreeBSD ©M Linux¡A¥un¸òÀH LILO ªº¦w +¸Ë«ü¥O¡A±q¤@Ó«D Linux §@·~¨t²Î±Ò°Ê¡C²²¤»¡©ú¦p¤U¡G</para> + +<para>±Ò°Ê Linux¡A¨Ã¦b <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename> ¤¤¥[¤J¥H¤U´X¦æ¡G +<literallayout> other=/dev/hda2 + table=/dev/hda + label=FreeBSD + </literallayout> + +¡]¤W±¬O°²³]§Aªº FreeBSD slice ¦b Linux ¬O <filename>/dev/hda2</filename>¡F½Ð +°t¦X¦Û¤vªº³]©w¡^¡CµM«á¡A¥Î root °õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>lilo</emphasis> À³¸Ó´N§¹¦¨¤F¡C</para> + +<para>°²¦p FreeBSD ¦b¥t¥~¤@ӺϺСA§A¥²¶·¦b LILO ¿ï¶µ¤¤¥[¤J +``<literal>loader=/boot/chain.b</literal>''¡AÁ|¨Ò¡G +<literallayout> other=/dev/dab4 + table=/dev/dab + loader=/boot/chain.b + label=FreeBSD + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¬Y¨Ç±¡§Î§A¥²¶·«ü©w BIOS ºÏºÐ¥N¸¹µ¹ FreeBSD boot loader ¥H´Á±q²Ä +¤GºÏºÐ¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡CÁ|¨Ò¡A°²¦p FreeBSD SCSI ºÏºÐ¦b BIOS ¤¤°»´ú +¬O BIOS disk 1¡A¨º¦b FreeBSD boot loader ªº´£¥Ü¸¹¥X²{®É§A¥²¶·«ü +©w¡G +<literallayout> Boot: 1:da(0,a)/kernel + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ©M¤§«áªºª©¥»¡A§A¥i¥H³]©w <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?boot(8)">boot(8)</ulink> +³o¼Ë¨C¦¸±Ò°Ê®É´N·|¦Û°Ê°õ¦æ¡C </para> + +<para><ulink URL="http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/Linux+FreeBSD.html">Linux+FreeBSD mini-HOWTO</ulink> ¬O FreeBSD ©M Linux ¦@¥Î¾Þ§@ªº¨}¦n +°Ñ¦Ò¤å¥ó¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> §Ú«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î BootEasy ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S </title> + +<para>¦b Linux ±Ò°Ê¤À³Î°Ï¦w¸Ë LILO ¨ú¥N¥Dn±Ò°Ê¸ê®Æ(Master Boot +Record)¡C±µµÛ§A¥i¥H±q BootEasy ±Ò°Ê LILO¡C</para> + +<para>°²¦p§A¥¿¦b¥Î Windows-95 ©M Linux¡A³o¦³¤@Ó«Øij¤èªk¡Gn§ó²³æ +ªº±q Linux ¦A¦¸±Ò°Ê¦b©ó§A¬O§_À³¸Ó«·s¦w¸Ë Windows95¡]³o¬O¤@Ó +µ½§ªªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A¥¦À£¢¤£Åý¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¦s¦b©ó Master Boot Record +¤º¡^¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> ¤@Ó©Ò¿×``¦MÀI©^Äm(dangerously dedicated)''ªººÏºÐ¦³®`¶Ü¡S + </title> + +<para><anchor id="dedicate">¦w¸Ëµ{§Ç¤¹³\§A¿ï¾Ü¨âºØ¤£¦Pªº¤èªk¨Ó¤À³Î§Aªº +ºÏºÐ¾÷¡C¤º©w¤èªk¬°¤F¦b¦P¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¤W©M¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¥i¥H¬Û®e¡A©ó¬O +¨Ï¥Î fdisk table entries(FreeBSD ¸ÌºÙ¤§¬°``slices'')¡AFreeBSD +ªº slice ´N¬O¨Ï¥Î¾ãÓ¦Û¤vªº¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥i¨Ñ¿ï¾Üªº¬O¡A§A¥i¥H¿ï¾Ü¦w¸Ë +±Ò°Ê¿ï¾Ü¾¹(boot-selector) ¦bºÏºÐ¾÷¼ÆÓ¥i¯àªº§@·~¨t²Î¤W¨Ó¦^¤Á´«¡C</para> + +<para>¥t¥~¤@Ó¥i¿ï¾Üªº¥Îªk¬O§â¾ãӺϺм·µ¹ FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¡A¨Ã¥B¤£°µ¨ä¥L +§@·~¨t²Îªº¬Û®e©Ê¦Ò¶q¡C</para> + +<para>¦]¦¹¬°¦ó¥s¥¦``¦MÀIªº''¡S¤@Ó³B©ó³oºØ¼Ò¦¡ªººÏºÐ¾÷¤£¥]§t¯à³Q¥¿ +±` PC ¤½¥Îµ{¦¡µø¬°¦³®Äªº fdisk table¡C¨Ì´`¥¦Ì³Q³]pªº¼Ò¦¡¡A¥u +n¥¦Ì¦b³o¼Ë¤@ӺϺо÷¤¤¤@¥¹³QIJ¤Î¥i¯à´N·|²£¥Í¿ù»~ªº´£¥Ü¡A©Î§ó +ÁV¿|ªº¡A¥i¯à¥¼¸g´£¥Ü©Î³qª¾§A´N§â FreeBSD bootstrap §ËÃa¡C¥t¥~ +¡A``¦MÀI©^Äm''ªººÏºÐ layout ·|»~¾É³\¦h¼tµPªº BIOSsen(BIOS °»´ú) +¹³¬OAWARD(¤ñ¦p»¡¦b HP Netserver ©M Micronics µ¥¥H¤Î¨ä¥L³\¦h¨t +²Î)¡A©M Symbios/NCR(¦p¦b SCSI controllers ¤¤«Ü¬y¦æªº 53C8xx +¨t¦C)¡C³o¨Ã«D¤@Ó§¹¾ãªº¦Cªí¡AÁÙ¦³§ó¦h¥¼¦C¥X¡C³oºØ»~¾Éªº¼x¥ü¥] +¬A¥Ñ FreeBSD bootstrap ±Ò°Ê¡A·íµwºÐµLªk³Q§ä¨ì®É¦Ó¦L¥X "read +error" 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In some cases, it gets it right. +But it's meant to be used as a last-ditch alternative - there +are better ways to solve the problem 99 times out of 100.</para> + +<para>¦]¦¹¡A·í§A¦b¦w¸Ë®É«ç»òÁקKn¨Ï¥Î``DD''¼Ò¦¡¡H¦b¶}©l®É°O¤U +BIOS n¨D¨Ï¥ÎºÏºÐ¾÷ªº geometry¡A§A¥i¥H¦b±Ò°Êªº ``boot:''´£¥Ü +¸¹¥X²{®É¡A¥H``-v''«ü©w®Ö¤ß¦L¥X³oÓ°T®§¡A©Î¬O¦b loader ¸Ì± +¨Ï¥Î``boot -v''¡C¦b installer ¶}©l°Ê§@«e¡A®Ö¤ß·|¦L¥X¤@¦ê BIOS +geometries¡C§Oºò±i - µ¥ installer ¶}©l±Ò°Ê«á¨Ï¥Î scrollback +¤è¦¡¥hŪ³o¨Ç¼Æ¦r¡A«ö·ÓºD¨Ò¦a BIOS ºÏºÐ¾÷ªº³æ¤¸·|¸ò FreeBSD ¦C +Á|¥X¨Óªº¤@¼Ë¡AIDE ¥ý¡AµM«á¤~¬O SCSI¡C</para> + +<para>·í§A¦b¤À³Î§AªººÏºÐ®É¡AÀˬd¦b FDISK ¿Ã¹õ¤W¥X²{ªººÏºÐ geometry +¬O¥¿½Tªº(¤]´N¬O»¡n¸ò BIOS ªº¼Æ¦r¬Û²Å¦X)¡F¦pªG¿ù¤F¡A¥Î``g''«öÁä +קï¡C·í§A¦b¿Ã¹õ¤W¬Ý¤£¨ì¥ô¦óºÏºÐ¾÷¡A©Î°²¨ÏºÏºÐ¾÷¤w¸g¥Ñ¥t¤@Ó¨t +²Î¤¤²¾°£®É¡A¯S§OÀ³¸Ó³o»ò°µ¡Cȱoª`·Nªº¬O³o¥u¬O«ü©w§An¥ÑþӺϺР+¤W±Ò°Ê¡FFreeBSD ±N·|¦Û¦æ§ä¥X¦b§A¨t²Î¤Wªº¨ä¥LºÏºÐ¾÷¡C</para> + +<para>¤@¥¹§A¨ú±o BIOS ¸ò FreeBSD ¨âªÌ¹ïºÏºÐ¾÷ geometry ªº¦@ÃÑ¡A§A +ªº§xÃø´X¥G¤w¸gªï¤b¦Ó¸Ñ¡A¦Ó¥B¦A¤]¤£»Ýn¨Ï¥Î``DD''mode¡CµM¦Ó¡A°² +¦p§A¤´¾á¤ß·í§A¹Á¸Õ±Ò°Ê®É·|¬Ý¨ì``read error''°T®§¡A³o®ÉÔ§A¯à°µ +ªº´N¬Oë§iµM«á¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý - ¤Ï¥¿¤]¨S¤°»ò¦n¥¢¥hªº¡C</para> + +<para>n§â``¦MÀI©^Äm''ªººÏºÐ¦^´_¨ì¥¿±` PC ¨Ï¥Î¡A°ò¥»¤W¦³¨âÓ¿ï¾Ü¡C +²Ä¤@¡A¬O§A§â¨¬°÷ªº NULL ¦ì¤¸²Õ¼g¤J MBR ½T«O¥ô¦óÀH«áªº¦w¸Ëµ{ +¦¡¬Û«H³o¥u¬O¤@ӪťժººÏºÐ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡§A¥i¥H³o¼Ë°µ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rda0 count=15 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>©Î¬O±Ä¥Î¥t¥~¤@Ó¡A«D¥¿¦¡ªº DOS ``¯S¦â''¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> fdisk /mbr + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o±N·|¦w¸Ë¤@Ó¥þ·sªº¥Dn±Ò°Ê°O¿ý¡A¦]¦¹·|¯}Ãa BSD bootstrap¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¦p¦ó¯à¥[¤J§ó¦hªº¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space)¡S</title> + +<para>³Ì¦nªº¤èªk¬O¼W¥[§A swap ¤À³Î°Ïªº¤j¤p¡A©Î§Q¥Î³oÓ¤è«K²z¥Ñªº¦n³B¥h +¼W¥[¥t¤@ÓµwºÐ¡CºD¨Òºâªk¬O¥Î¥D°O¾ÐÅ骺¨â¿·í¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space) +¡AµM¦Ó¦pªG§A¥u¦³«Ü¤Ö¶qªº¥D°O¾ÐÅé¡A§A¥i¯à·Q¥t¥~³]©w swap¡C³]©w¨¬°÷ +ªº¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¡A¨Ã¬°¥H«á°O¾ÐÅéÂX¥R¹w§@·Ç³Æ¥i¯à¬OÓ¦n¥D·N¡A³o¼Ë¥H«á´N +¤£»Ýn¦A°µ¤@¦¸¸m´«ªÅ¶¡ªº³]©w¡C</para> + +<para>¦b¤À´²ªººÏºÐ¤W¼W¥[¸m´«ªÅ¶¡·|¤ñ³æ¯Â¦a¦b¦P¤@ӺϺХ[¤J¸m´«ªÅ¶¡ +Åý®Ä²v¨Óªº§Ö¤@ÂI¡CÁ|¤@Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¤@ӺϺи̽sĶ¨Ó +·½µ{¦¡¡A¦Ó¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¦b¥t¤@ӺϺСA³o·|¤ñ¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¸ò½sĶµ{¦¡³£¦b +¦P¤@ӺϺЮɨӱo§Ö¡C³o¹ï SCSI ºÏºÐ¾÷¯S§O¥¿½T¡C</para> + +<para>·í§A¦³¦n´XӺϺо÷®É¡A¦b¨CӺϺФW³]©w¤@Ó swap ¤À³Î°Ï¬O¦³ +§Qªº¡A¬Æ¦Ü³Ì«á¨Ï¥Î¤@¾ãӺϺо÷·í¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¡C¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡¡A¨CÓ¨t²Î +¤Wªº§Ö³tºÏºÐ³£À³³]©w¬Y¨Ç swap¡AFreeBSD ¤º©w¤ä´©³Ì¦h¥|Ó¥æ¿ù¦¡ +swap ¸Ë¸m¡C³q±`³]©w¦h« swap ¤À³Î°Ï®É§A·|·QÅý¥¦Ì³£¨Ï¥Î¦P¼Ë¤j +¤p¡A¦ý¦³®É§ÚÌ·|·QÅý¥Dn swap ¤À³Î°Ï(primary swap partition) +§ó¤j¤@ÂI¥H®e¯Ç®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡ªº core dump¡C§Aªº primary swap +partition ¦Ü¤Ö¥²¶·©M¥D°O¾ÐÅé¤@¼Ë¤j¡A¥H¯à®e¯Ç¤@Ó kernel core¡C</para> + +<para>IDE ºÏºÐ¨Ã¤£¤¹³\¦P®É¦b¦P¤@³q¹D¸Ì¦s¨ú¨âӸ˸m¡]FreeBSD ¤£¤ä´© +mode 4¡A¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªº IDE ºÏºÐ I/O ¬O``¥iµ{¦¡¤Æªº''¡^¡CµM¦Ó§Ú¤´ +·|«Øij§A§â¸m´«ªÅ¶¡©ñ¦b¤À§OªººÏºÐ¡CºÏºÐ¾÷³o»ò«K©y¡A¹ê¦b¨S¤°»ò +¦n¾á¤ßªº¡C</para> + +<para>¦b NFS ¤W°µ¸m´«¶È¦b¥H¤U±¡§Î³Q«Øij¨Ï¥Î¡G§A¨S¦³¦Û¤vªººÏºÐ¥i +¥H¨Ï¥Î¡CFreeBSD 4.0 ¥H«e release ªºª©¥»¦b NFS ¤W°µ¸m´«¬O¬Û·í +½wºC¦ÓµL®Ä²vªº¡A¦ý¦bµ¥©ó 4.0 ©Î¤§«áªº release ª©¥»´N¦³¦X²zªº +³t«×¤F¡C§Y¨Ï¦p¦¹¡AÁÙ¬O¨ü¨ìºô¸ô¦³®ÄÀW¼e©M¦b NFS server ¤WÃB¥~ +¸Ë¸üªº¨î¡C</para> + +<para>³o¸Ì¦³Ó½d¨Ò¬O¥Î 64MB vn-swap (<filename>/usr/swap0</filename>¡A·íµM§A¯à¥Î +¥ô¦ó§A·Q¥Îªº¦W¦r¡^¡C</para> + +<para>½T©w§Aªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡«Ø¥ß®É¦³¥]§t¥H¤U³o¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> pseudo-device vn 1 #Vnode driver (turns a file into a device) + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦b§Aªº³]©wÀɤ¤¡CGENERIC ³oӮ֤ߤw¸g¥]§t³o¶µ¤F¡C</para> + +<para> +<orderedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>«Ø¥ß¤@Ó vn-device + +<literallayout> cd /dev + sh ./MAKEDEV vn0 + </literallayout> + +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>«Ø¥ß¤@Ó¸m´«ÀÉ (<filename>/usr/swap0</filename>) + +<literallayout> dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64 + </literallayout> + +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>³]©w¾A·íªº¦s¨úÅv©ó(<filename>/usr/swap0</filename>) + +<literallayout> chmod 0600 /usr/swap0 + </literallayout> + +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¦b <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> ¤¤±Ò°Ê¸m´«ÀÉ + +<literallayout> swapfile="/usr/swap0" # Set to name of swapfile if aux swapfile desired. + </literallayout> + +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>«·s¶}¾÷¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</orderedlist> +</para> + +<para>n°¨¤W±Ò°Ê¸m´«ÀÉ¡AÁä¤J¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> vnconfig -ce /dev/vn0c /usr/swap0 swap + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¤£·|³]©w§Úªº¦Lªí¾÷¡C</title> + +<para>½Ð°Ñ¾\ Handbook ¸Ì¦³Ãö¦C¦Lªº³¡¥÷¡C³oÀ³¸Ó¯à¸Ñ¨M§A¤j³¡¤Àªº°ÝÃD¡A½Ð¬Ý +<ulink URL="../../handbook/printing.html">Handbook entry on printing.</ulink></para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¨t²Î¤WªºÁä½L°t¸m¿ù¤F¡C</title> + +<para>kbdcontrol µ{¦¡¦³¤@ӿﶵ¥i¥HŪ¨úÁä½L°t¸mÀɮסC¦b +<filename>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps</filename> ¦³¤@¨Ç°t¸mÀÉ¡C¿ï¾Ü¤@Ó¸ò§Aªº +¬ÛÃöªº¨ÃŪ¨ú¥¦¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> kbdcontrol -l uk.iso + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para> <filename>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps</filename> ©M <filename>.kbd</filename> ©µ®i¶°¨âÓ³£¥Ñ +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?kbdcontrol">kbdcontrol</ulink> ©ÒÂ_©w¡C</para> + +<para>¥i¥H±q <filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename> (©Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf(5)">rc.conf</ulink>) +¨Ó³]©w¡A½Ð¬Ý¦¹Àɸ̬ÛÃöªºµù¸Ñ¡C</para> + +<para>¦b 2.0.5R ¤Î¨ä¤§«áªºª©¥»¡A©Ò¦³¸ò¤å¦r¦r«¬¡AÁä½L¹ïÀ³¬ÛÃöªº³]©w³£¦b +<filename>/usr/share/examples/syscons</filename>¡C</para> + +<para>¥H¤U¬O¥Ø«e¤ä´©ªº¹ïÀ³³]©w¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>Belgian ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Brazilian 275 keyboard Codepage 850 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Brazilian 275 keyboard ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Danish Codepage 865 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Danish ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>French ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>German Codepage 850 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>German ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Italian ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Japanese 106 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Japanese 106x </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Latin American </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Norwegian ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Polish ISO-8859-2 (programmer's) </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Russian Codepage 866 (alternative) </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Russian koi8-r (shift) </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Russian koi8-r </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Spanish ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Swedish Codepage 850 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Swedish ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>Swiss-German ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>United Kingdom Codepage 850 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>United Kingdom ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>United States of America ISO-8859-1 </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>United States of America dvorak </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>United States of America dvorakx </para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§ÚµLªkÅý user quotas ¥¿±`¤u§@¡C</title> + +<para> +<orderedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>¤£n¦b '/' ¥´¶} quotas¡A +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>§â quotas ÀÉ©ñ¦b¥¦¥²¶·±j¢¸m¤JªºÀɮרt²Î¤º¡AÁ|¨Ò¡G + +<literallayout> FS QUOTA FILE + /usr /usr/admin/quotas + /home /home/admin/quotas + ... + </literallayout> +</para> +</listitem> + +</orderedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Úªº ccd ¦³¦ó¤£§´¡S</title> + +<para>³oºØ±¡§Îªº¼x¥ü¬O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # ccdconfig -C + ccdconfig: ioctl (CCDIOCSET): /dev/ccd0c: Inappropriate file type or format + # + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³q±`³o·|µo¥Í¦b§A¹Á¸Õn³sµ² `c' ¤À³Î°Ï¡A³o¤º©wªº«¬§O¬O`µLªk¨Ï¥Îªº' +¡Cccd ÅX°Êµ{¦¡»Ýnªº°ò¦¤À³Î°Ï«¬§O¬° FS_BSDFFS¡A½s¿è§An¸ÕµÛ³sµ²ªººÏºÐ +¼Ð°O¨Ã§ó§ï¤À³Î°Ïªº«¬§O¬°`4.2BSD'¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¬°¦ó§Ú¤£¯à½s¿è§Ú ccd ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¡S</title> + +<para>³oºØ±¡§Îªº¼x¥ü¬O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # disklabel ccd0 + (³o¸Ì¦L¥X¬Y¨Ç©úÅ㪺¸ê®Æ¡A©Ò¥H¸ÕµÛ½s¿è¥¦¡^ + # disklabel -e ccd0 + (½s¿è¡AÀx¦s¡AµM«áÂ÷¶}) + disklabel: ioctl DIOCWDINFO: No disk label on disk; + use "disklabel -r" to install initial label + # + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¬O¦]¬°¥Ñ ccd ¶Ç¦^ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O¤@Ó`°²ªº'¦Ó¨S¦³¯u¥¿¦bºÏºÐ +¤W¡C§A¥i¥H§â¥¦§¹¥þ¼g¤J¨Ó¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # disklabel ccd0 > /tmp/disklabel.tmp + # disklabel -Rr ccd0 /tmp/disklabel.tmp + # disklabel -e ccd0 + (this will work now) + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>FreeBSD ¤ä´© System V IPC ®æ¦¡«ü¥O¶°¡H</title> + +<para>¬Oªº¡AFreeBSD ¤ä´© System V-style IPC¡C³o¥]¬A¦@¨É°O¾ÐÅé¡A°T®§¸ò +«H¸¹¡C§A»Ýn¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɤº¥[¤J¤U¦C´X¦æ¥H±Ò°Ê¥¦Ì¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> options SYSVSHM + options "SHMMAXPGS=64" # 256Kb of sharable memory + options SYSVSEM # enable for semaphores + options SYSVMSG # enable for messaging + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>«·s½sĶ¨Ã¦w¸Ë¡C</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>ª`·N¡G</emphasis> ¦pªG§An°õ¦æ GIMP §A¥i¯à»Ýn¼W¥[ SHMMAXPKGS ¨ì¬Y¨Ç¯î +ÂÕªº¼Æ¥Ø¹³¬O 4096(16M!)¡A256Kb ¹ï X11R6 ¦@¨É°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó»¡¤w¸g¥R¤À¨¬ +°÷¤F¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="uucpmail"> +<title> §Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î sendmail ³z¹L UUCP ¨Ó»¼°e¶l¥ó¡H + </title> + +<para>¸òÀH FreeBSD ®M¸Ë¦Ó¨Óªº sendmail ³]©w¬O¾A¦X¨º¨Çª½±µ³s¤Wºô»Úºô¸ô +ªº¯¸¥x¡C·Q³z¹L UUCP ¥æ´«¶l¥óªº¯¸¥x¥²¶·¥t¥~¦w¸Ë sendmil ªº³]©wÀÉ +®×¡C</para> + +<para>¤â°Êקï <filename>/etc/sendmail.cf</filename> ¬Oµ´¹ï¥²nªº¡C²Ä 8 ª©ªº +sendmail ´£¨Ñ¤@Ó¥þ·sªº¤J¤f¥H³z¹L¤@¨Ç¹³ <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?m4">m4</ulink> ªº³B²z´N¯à +²£¥Í³]©wÀÉ¡A³o¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O¤@Ó°ª¼h·§©Àµ¥¯Åªº§Þ¥©©Ê³]©w¡C§AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦b¥H +¤UÀɮ׸̨ϥΥ¦¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>°²¦p§A¤£¬O¥Î full sources ¤è¦¡¦w¸Ë¨t²Î¡A¨º»ò sendmail ³]©w¶µ¥Ø¥i +¯à¤w¸g¤À´²¦¨¦n´XÓ¨Ó·½¤À¥¬Àɦbµ¥µÛ§A¡A°²³]§A¤w¸g mount ¥úºÐ¾÷¡A°µ +¥H¤U°Ê§@¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> cd /usr/src + tar -xvzf /cdrom/dists/src/ssmailcf.aa + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>§OÅå·W¡A³o¥u¦³¼Æ¤Q¸UӦ줸²Õªº¤j¤p¡C¦b <emphasis remap=tt>cf</emphasis> ¥Ø¿ý¸Ìªº +<acronym>README</acronym> ¥i¥H´£¨Ñ¤@Ó m4 ³]©wªkªº°ò¥»¤¶²Ð¡C</para> + +<para>¥H UUCP »¼°e¨Ó»¡¡A«Øij§A³Ì¦n¨Ï¥Î <emphasis>mailertable</emphasis> ¯SÂI¡C +«Øºc¤@Ó¸ê®Æ®wÅý sendmail ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¥¦¦Û¤vªº¸ô®|¨Mµ¦¡C</para> + +<para>º¥ý¡A§A¥²¶·«Ø¥ß¦Û¤vªº <filename>.mc</filename> ÀÉ¡C +<filename>/usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf</filename> ¥Ø¿ý¬O³o¨ÇÀɮתº®a¡C +¬d¬Ý¤@¤U¡A¤w¸g¦³¦n´XÓ½d¨ÒÀÉ¡A°²³]§A¤w¸g©R¦W¦Û¤vªºÀÉ¥s +<filename>foo.mc</filename>¡A§An°µªº¥u¬O§â¥¦Âà´«¦¨¤@Ó¦³®Äªº +<filename>sendmail.cf</filename> ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf + make foo.cf + cp foo.cf /etc/sendmail.cf + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¤@Ө嫬ªº <filename>.mc</filename> Àɬݰ_¨Ó¥i¯à¹³³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> include(`../m4/cf.m4') + VERSIONID(`Your version number') + OSTYPE(bsd4.4) + + FEATURE(nodns) + FEATURE(nocanonify) + FEATURE(mailertable) + + define(`UUCP_RELAY', your.uucp.relay) + define(`UUCP_MAX_SIZE', 200000) + + MAILER(local) + MAILER(smtp) + MAILER(uucp) + + Cw your.alias.host.name + Cw youruucpnodename.UUCP + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para> <emphasis>nodns</emphasis> ©M <emphasis>nocanonify</emphasis> ¯S©Ê±NÁקK¥ô¦ó¦b»¼°e¶l¥ó +®É·|¥Î¨ì DNS ªº¾÷·|¡C<symbol>UUCP_RELAY</symbol> ¶µ¥Øªº¥X²{²z¥Ñ«Ü©_©Ç¡A +´N¤£n°Ý¬°¦ó¤F¡C²³æªº©ñ¤J¤@Óºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¥i¥H³B²z .UUCP µêÀÀºô°ì +¦ì§}ªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¡F³q±`¡A§A¥u»Ýn¦b³o¸Ì¶ñ¤J§A ISP ªº«H¥ó¦^ÂгB +(mail replay)¡C</para> + +<para>§A¤w¸g°µ¨ì³o¸Ì¤F¡A§AÁÙ»Ýn³oÓ¥s <filename>/etc/mailertable</filename> ªº +ÀɮסC¤@Ө嫬ªº½d¨Ò¦p¤U¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # + # makemap hash /etc/mailertable.db < /etc/mailertable + # + horus.interface-business.de uucp-dom:horus + .interface-business.de uucp-dom:if-bus + interface-business.de uucp-dom:if-bus + .heep.sax.de smtp8:%1 + horus.UUCP uucp-dom:horus + if-bus.UUCP uucp-dom:if-bus + . uucp-dom:sax + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦p§A©Ò¨£¡A³o¬O¬YÓ¯u¹êÀɮ׸̪º¤@³¡¥÷¡Cº¤T¦æ³B²zºô°ì©w§}«H¥ó +¤£À³¸Ó³Q°e¥X¨ì¤º©w¸ô®|¡A¦Ó¥Ñ¬Y¨Ç UUCP ¾F©~(UUCP neighbor)¨ú¥N +ªº¯S®í±¡§Î¡A³o¬O¬°¤F``ÁYµu''»¼°eªº¸ô®|¡C¤U¤@¦æ³B²z¨ì¥»¦a¤A¤Ó +ºô¸ôºô°ìªº«H¥óÅý¥¦¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î SMTP ¨Ó»¼°e¡C³Ì«á¡AUUCP ¾F©~´£¨ì +.UUCP µêÀÀºô°ìªº°O¸ü¡A¤¹³\¤@Ó``uucp-neighbor!recipient''±À½¤º©w³W«h¡C³Ì«á¤@¦æ«h¥H¤@ +Ó³æ¿Wªº¥yÂI°µµ²§ô¡A¥H UUCP »¼°e¨ì´£¨Ñ·í§A¥þ¥@¬É©Ê¶l¥ó¹hªùªº +UUCP ¾F©~¡C©Ò¦³¦b <emphasis remap=tt>uucp-dom:</emphasis> ÃöÁä¦r¸Ìªº¸`ÂI¦WºÙ¥²¶·³£¬O +¦³®Äªº UUCP ¾F©~¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>uuname</emphasis> ©R¥O¥h½T»{¡C</para> + +<para>´£¿ô§A³oÓÀɮצb¨Ï¥Î«e¥²¶·³QÂà´«¦¨ DBM ¸ê®Æ®wÀɮסA³Ì¦n¦b +mailertable ³Ì¤W±¥Îµù¸Ñ¼g¥X©R¥O¦C¨Ó§¹¦¨³oÓ¤u§@¡C·í§A¨C¦¸§ó´«§A +ªº mailertable «á§AÁ`¬O»Ýn°õ¦æ³oÓ©R¥O¡C</para> + +<para>³Ì«á´£¥Ü¡G¦pªG§A¤£½T©w¬Y¨Ç¯S©wªº«H¥ó¸ô®|¥i¥Î¡A°O±o§â <option>-bt</option> +¿ï¶µ¥[¨ì sendmail¡C³o·|±N sendmail ±Ò°Ê¦b <emphasis>address test mode</emphasis> +¡F¥un«ö¤U ``0''¡A±µµÛ¿é¤J§A§Æ±æ´ú¸Õªº«H¥ó¸ô®|¦ì§}¡C³Ì«á¤@¦æ§i¶D§A¨Ï +¥Î¤º³¡ªº«H¥ó¥N²zµ{¦¡¡A¥N²zµ{¦¡ªº·|³qª¾¥Øªº¥D¾÷¡A¥H¤Î(¥i¯àÂà´«ªº)¦ì§} +¡CnÂ÷¶}¦¹¼Ò¦¡½Ð«ö Control-D¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> j@uriah 191% sendmail -bt + ADDRESS TEST MODE (ruleset 3 NOT automatically invoked) + Enter <ruleset> <address> + > 0 foo@interface-business.de + rewrite: ruleset 0 input: foo @ interface-business . de + ... + rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# uucp-dom $@ if-bus $: foo \ + < @ interface-business . de > + > ^D + j@uriah 192% + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="ispmail"> +<title> ·í§Ú¥Î¼·±µ³s¤Wºô¸ô®É¸Ó«ç»ò³]©w«H¥ó»¼°e¡H + </title> + +<para>¦pªG§A¤w¸g¦³¤@Ó©T©wªº IP ¼Æ¦r¡A§A¤£»Ýn½Õ¾ã¥ô¦ó¤º©wÈ¡C³]¦n +§An«ü©wªººô¸ô¦WºÙ¡A¨ä¥Lªº sendmail ³£·|À°§A°µ§¹¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG§A®³¨ìªº¬O°ÊºA°t¸mªº IP ¼Æ¦r¦Ó¨Ï¥Î¼·±µ <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ³s±µ¨ìºô +»Úºô¸ô¡A§A¥i¯à¤w¸g¦b§Aªº ISP «H¥ó¥D¾÷¤W¦³¤@Ó«H½c¡C°²³]§Aªº +ISP ºô°ì¬O <filename>myISP.com</filename>¡A§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¬O <emphasis remap=tt>user</emphasis>¡C¥ç°² +³]§AºÙ¦Û¤vªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¬O <filename>bsd.home</filename> ¦Ó§Aªº ISP §i¶D§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î +<filename>relay.myISP.com</filename> ·í§@«H¥ó¦^ÂгB¡C</para> + +<para>¬°¤F±q§Aªº«H½c±µ¦¬«H¥ó¡A§A±N»Ýn¦w¸Ë¨ú«Hµ{¦¡¥H«K±q«H½c¨ú¦^«H¥ó¡C +<emphasis remap=bf>Fetchmail</emphasis> ¬O¤@Ó¤£¿ùªº¿ï¾Ü¦]¬°¥¦¤ä´©³\¦h¤£¦Pªº³q°T¨ó©w¡A³q±` +§Aªº ISP ·|´£¨Ñ POP3¡C¦pªG§A¿ï¾Ü¨Ï¥Î user-ppp¡A§A¥i¥H¦b³s½u¨ìºô¸ô +¦¨¥\«á¦Û°Ê§ì¨ú§Aªº«H¥ó¡A¥un¦b <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename> ¸Ì± +³]©w¥H¤U³o¶µ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> MYADDR: + !bg su user -c fetchmail + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>°²¨Ï§A¥¿¨Ï¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>sendmail</emphasis>(¦p¤U©Ò¥Ü)¶Ç°e«H¥ó¨ì«D¥»¦a±b¸¹ +¡A¸m¤J¥H¤U©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> !bg su user -c "sendmail -q" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦b¤W±¨º¶µ©R¥O¤§«á¡C³o·|±j¢ sendmail ¦b³s±µ¤Wºô¸ô«á°¨¤W¶}©l³B +²z mailqueue¡C</para> + +<para>§Ú°²³]§A¦b <filename>bsd.home</filename> ¾÷¾¹¤W¦³¤@Ó <emphasis remap=tt>user</emphasis> ªº±b¸¹¡C¦b +<filename>bsd.home</filename> ¾÷¾¹¤W <emphasis remap=tt>user</emphasis> ªº®a¥Ø¿ý¸Ì«Ø¥ß¤@Ó <filename>.fetchmailrc</filename> +ªºÀɮסG</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> poll myISP.com protocol pop3 fetchall pass MySecret; + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µL¶·Âب¥¡A³oÓÀÉ°£¤F <emphasis remap=tt>user</emphasis> ¥~¤£À³¸Ó³Q¥ô¦ó¤HŪ¨ú¡A¦]¬°¥¦¥]§t +¤F <emphasis remap=tt>MySecret</emphasis> ³oÓ±K½X¡C</para> + +<para>¬°¤F¦b±H«H®É¦³¥¿½Tªº©ïÀY <emphasis remap=bf>from:</emphasis> ¡A§A¥²¶·§i¶D sendmail ¨Ï¥Î +<email>user@myISP.com</email> ¦Ó«D <email>user@bsd.home</email>¡C§A¥i¯à·|§Æ±æ§i¶D +sendmail ±q <filename>relay.myISP.com</filename> °e¥X©Ò¦³«H¥ó¡A¥[§Ö«H¥ó¶Ç°e¡C</para> + +<para>¥H¤Uªº <filename>.mc</filename> ÀÉÀ³¯àº¡¨¬§Aªºn¨D¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> VERSIONID(`bsd.home.mc version 1.0') + OSTYPE(bsd4.4)dnl + FEATURE(nouucp)dnl + MAILER(local)dnl + MAILER(smtp)dnl + Cwlocalhost + Cwbsd.home + MASQUERADE_AS(`myISP.com')dnl + FEATURE(allmasquerade)dnl + FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl + FEATURE(nocanonify)dnl + FEATURE(nodns)dnl + define(SMART_HOST, `relay.myISP.com') + Dmbsd.home + define(`confDOMAIN_NAME',`bsd.home')dnl + define(`confDELIVERY_MODE',`deferred')dnl + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦p¦óÂà´«³oÓ <filename>.mc</filename> Àɮרì <filename>sendmail.cf</filename> Àɪº¸Ô²Ó²Ó¸`½Ð +°Ñ¦Ò¤W¤@¸`¡C¥t¥~¡A¦b§ó·s sendmail.cf ¥H«á¤£n§Ñ°O«·s±Ò°Ê +sendmail¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>«x¡I§Ú§Ñ°O root ªº±K½X¤F¡I</title> + +<para>¤£nÅå·W¡I¥un«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡A¦b boot: ´£¥Ü¸¹¥´ -s ¶i¤J³æ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡C +¦b°Ýn¨Ï¥ÎþÓ shell ®É¡A«ö¤U ENTER¡C§A·|¬Ý¨ì¤@Ó # ªº´£¥Ü¸¹¡A¿é¤J +<command>mount -u /</command> ¥H«·s¬[³]§Aªº®ÚÀɮרt²Î¥i¨ÑŪ/¼g¡C°õ¦æ +<emphasis remap=tt>passwd root</emphasis> ¥H§ó´« root ±K½X¡AµM«á°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>exit</emphasis> Ä~Äò±Ò°Ê¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò«O¯dÅý Control-Alt-Delete ¤£¯à«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡H + </title> + +<para>קï§A¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Îªº¥D±±¥xÁä½L¹ïÀ³¡A¨Ã¥B§â©Ò¦³ <emphasis remap=tt>boot</emphasis> ªºÃöÁä¦r¥Î +<emphasis remap=tt>nop</emphasis> ¨ú¥N¡C¤º©wªºÁä½L¹ïÀ³¬O¦b +<filename>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps/us.iso.kbd</filename>¡C§A¥i¯à»Ýn©ú¥Õªº +§h©J <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> ¥hŪ¨ú³oÓÁä½L¹ïÀ³¥H½T«O§ó°Ê¥Í®Ä¡C·í +µM¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¥Î¾A¦X§A°êÄyªºÁä½L¹ïÀ³¡A§AÀ³¸Ó½s¿è¨º¤@Ó¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò§â DOS ¤å¦rÀɮ׫·s®æ¦¡¤Æ¦¨ UNIX ªº¡H</title> + +<para>²³æ¦a¨Ï¥Î³oÓ perl ©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>perl -i.bak -npe 's/\r\n/\n/g' file ...</literallayout> +</para> + +<para>file ´N¬On³B²zªºÀɮסC³oÓקï¬O¦b¤º³¡§¹¦¨¡Aì©lªºÀÉ®×·|Àx¦s¦¨ +°ÆÀɦW¬° .bak ªºÀɮסC</para> + +<para>©ÎªÌ§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tr">tr</ulink> ³oÓ©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>tr -d '\r' < dos-text-file > unix-file</literallayout> +</para> + +<para>dos-text-file ¬O¥]§t DOS ¤å¦rªºÀɮסA¦Ó unix-text-file «h¬O¥]§t +Âà´«ªº¿é¥Xµ²ªG¡C³o¤ñ¨Ï¥Î perl ÁÙn§Ö¤W¤@ÂIÂI¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¥Î¦WºÙ¬å±¼ process¡H</title> + +<para>¨Ï¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?killall">killall</ulink>¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¬°¦ó¦b root ªº ACL ®É su ¦n¹³¦³°ÝÃD¡H + </title> + +<para>³oÓ¿ù»~¬O¦]¬° Kerberos ¤À´²»{ÃÒ¨t²Î¡C³oÓ°ÝÃD¨Ã¤£¬O«ÜÄY«¦ý¬O¥O¤H +¹½·Ð¡C§A¥i¥H¥Î -K ¿ï¶µ¥h°õ¦æ su¡A©Î¬O¹³¤UÓ°ÝÃD©Ò´yzªº²¾°£ +Kerberos¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò²¾°£ Kerberos¡H</title> + +<para>n±q¨t²Î¸Ì²¾°£ Kerberos¡A«¸Ë§A¥¿¦b°õ¦æªº release ª©¥»ªº bin +distribution¡C¦pªG§A¦³ CDROM¡A§A¥i¥H mount cd(°²³]¦b /cdrom)¨Ã°õ +¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>cd /cdrom/bin +./install.sh</literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¼W¥[¨t²ÎªºµêÀÀ²×ºÝ¾÷¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªG§A¦³³\¦h telnet¡Assh¡AX ©Î¬O screen ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A§A©Î³\·|¥Î§¹µêÀÀ +²×ºÝ¾÷¡A³o¯à±Ð§A«ç»ò¥[§ó¦h¡G</para> + +<para> +<orderedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>«Ø¥ß¨Ã¦w¸Ë¤@Ó·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¨Ã¥B¥[¤J³o¦æ¨ì³]©wÀÉ¡G + +<literallayout> pseudo-device pty 256 + </literallayout> + + </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>°õ¦æ³oÓ©R¥O¡G + +<literallayout> # cd /dev + # ./MAKEDEV pty{1,2,3,4,5,6,7} + </literallayout> + + +</para> + +<para>·|³y¥X 256 ÓµêÀÀ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸Ë¸m¸`ÂI¡C</para> + +<para></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>½s¿è <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> ¨Ã¥[¤J²Å¦X 256 Ӳ׺ݾ÷ªº¦æ¼Æ¡C¥¦ÌÀ³ +¸Ó²Å¦X¤w¸g¦s¦b³æ¶µªº®æ¦¡¡AÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¥¦Ì¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¡G + +<literallayout> ttyqc none network + </literallayout> + + +</para> + +<para>¦r¥À³]pªº¶¶§Ç¬O <emphasis remap=tt>tty[pqrsPQRS][0-9a-v]</emphasis>¡A¨Ï¥Î¥¿³Wªí¥Ü¦¡¡C</para> + +<para></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¥Î·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡«·s±Ò°Ê¹q¸£´N¥i¥H¤F¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</orderedlist> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>/dev/snd0 ³oӸ˸m°µ¤£¥X¨Ó¡I</title> + +<para>¥i¥H¥Î³oÓ©R¥O²£¥Íµ®Ä¥d©Ò»Ýnªº snd0 ¸Ë¸m¡G +<literallayout> # cd /dev + # sh MAKEDEV snd0</literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³oÓ©R¥O¨Ã¤£·|°µ¥X <filename>/dev/snd0</filename>¡A¦Ó¬O²£¥Í <emphasis remap=tt>mixer0</emphasis>¡B +<emphasis remap=tt>audio0</emphasis>¡B<emphasis remap=tt>dsp0</emphasis> ¤ÎÃþ¦üªº¸Ë¸m¡CÁöµM¦p¦¹¡A¦pªG±z·Q¨Ï¥Î +µ®Ä¡A¤´µMn°õ¦æ³oÓ©R¥O¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¥i¥H¤£¥Î¶}¾÷¡A«·sŪ¨ú /etc/rc.conf¡B¦A¦¸±Ò°Ê /etc/rc ¶Ü¡H + </title> + +<para>¥ý¶i¤J³æ¤H¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡AµM«á¦A¦^¨ì¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡C</para> + +<para>¦b¥D±±¥x°õ¦æ¡G +<literallayout> # shutdown now + (Note: without -r or -h) + + # return + # exit</literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¤°»ò¬O sandbox¡H</title> + +<para>"Sandbox" ¬O¨t²Î¦w¥þ¥Îªº³N»y¡A¦³¨âÓ·N¸q¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para></para> + +<para>©ñ¦b¬Y¨ÇµêÀÀ¨¾Å@Àð¸Ìªº°õ¦æµ{§Ç¡A³o¨Ç¨¾Å@Àð¬O¥Î¨Óªý¤î¬Y¨Ç¤H«I¤J +³o¹Dµ{§Ç¡A¶i¦Ó¥X¤J©ó§ó¤jªº¨t²Î¤¤¡C</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>³o¹Dµ{§Ç¥i¥H§¹¥þ¦b¨¾Å@Àð¸Ì°Ê§@¡C¤]´N¬O»¡¡A¥¦©Ò°õ¦æªº¥ô¦óµ{¦¡¤£ +¥i¯à·|º¯³z¨ìÀ𪺥~±¡C©Ò¥H¦pªG±z¹ï¥¦¦³¦w¥þ¤WªºÅU¼{¡A¨Ã¤£»Ýn¯S§O¥h +ºÊÅ¥¥¦ªº¤@Á|¤@°Ê¡A¤Ï¥¿¥¦¥u¯à¦bÀ𤺬¡°Ê¡C</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>Á|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¥i¥H¥Î userid ¨Ó°µ³o¹D¨¾Å@Àð¡A³o¥¿¬O security(7) ©M +named(8) »¡©ú¤å¥ó¤¤ªº©w¸q¡C</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>²{¦b´N¥Î 'ntalk' ³oÓªA°È§@»¡©ú¡]¨£ /etc/inetd.conf¡^¡C³oÓªA°È +¥H«eªº userid ¬O root¡A²{¦b°õ¦æ®É«h¬O¥Î tty¡Ctty ³oÓ userid ´N¬O¤@ +Ó sandbox¡A¦pªG¦³¤H¯à°÷¶¶§Q¥Î ntalk «I¤J¨t²Î¡A²{¦b¥L´Nºâ¶i±o¨Ó¤]¥u +¯à¥Î tty ³oÓ userid¡C</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para></para> + +<para>©ñ¦b¬YÓ¼ÒÀÀ¾÷¾¹¸Ìªºµ{¦¡¡A³o¤ñ¤Wz¨Ó±o§óÄY±K¡C°ò¥»¤W³oªí¥Ü¯à«I¤J +¸Óµ{¦¡ªº¤H¬Û«H¥L¯à¦A¶i¤J©ÒÄݪº¾÷¾¹¡A¦ý¨Æ¹ê¤W¥u·|¶i¤J¼ÒÀÀ¥X¨Óªº¾÷¾¹¡A +µLªk¶i¤@¨Bקï¥ô¦ó¸ê®Æ¡C</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>¹F¨ì³oӥتº³Ì±`¥Îªº¤èªk¡A´N¬O¦b¬YÓ¤l¥Ø¿ý¤U°µ¥X¼ÒÀÀªºÀô¹Ò¡AµM«á +¥Î chroot °õ¦æ¸Óµ{¦¡¡A³o¼Ë¸Óµ{¦¡ªº®Ú¥Ø¿ý«K¬O³oÓ¤l¥Ø¿ý¡A¦Ó«D¨t²Î¯u +¥¿ªº®Ú¥Ø¿ý¡C</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>¥t¤@Ó±`¨£§@ªk¬O±N¬YÓÀɮרt²Î mount ¦¨°ßŪ¡A¦ý¦b¥¦¤W±¥t¥~»s³y +¥Xµ{¦¡¥H¬°¥i¥H¼g¤JªºÀɮרt²Î¡C³oÓµ{¦¡·|¬Û«H¥¦¥i¥H¹ï¨ä¥LÀÉ®×Ū¼g¡A +¦ý¥u¦³¥¦¬Ý¤£¨ì³oÓ°ßŪ®ÄÀ³ - ¨t²Î°õ¦æªº¤@¯ëµ{¦¡³£¬Ý±o¨ì¡C</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>§Ú̸չϱN³oÃþ sandbox ºÉ¶q³z©ú¤Æ¡AÅý¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Î«I¤JªÌµLªk¬Ý¨ì¥L¬O +§_¦b¬YÓ sandbox ¸Ì±¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>UNIX ¹ê§@¨âºØ sandbox¡A¤@Ó¦bµ{¦¡¼h±¡A¥t¤@Ó«h¬O¥Ñ userid ¨Ó¹F¦¨¡C</para> + +<para>¨CÓ UNIX °õ¦æµ{§Ç·|¥Î¨¾¤õÀð±N¥¦©M©Ò¦³¨ä¥Lµ{§Ç¹j¶}¡A¬YÓµ{§Ç¤£¥i¥H +ÀH·Nקï¨ä¥Lµ{§Ç¦ì§}ªº¸ê®Æ¡C³o©M Windows ¤¤¡Aµ{¦¡¥i¥H»´©öקï¨ä¥L¦ì§} +¸ê®Æªº±¡ªp¡A¤j¤£¬Û¦P¡C</para> + +<para>¨CÓ UNIX µ{§Ç³£ÄÝ©ó¬YÓ¯S©wªº userid¡C¦pªG¸Ó userid ¤£¬O root¡A´N +·|±N¥¦©M¨ä¥L¨Ï¥ÎªÌªºµ{§Ç¹j¶}¡CUserid ¦P®É¤]¥Î©óµwºÐ¸ê®Æªº¦s¨úÅv¤W¡C</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="x"> +<title>X Window System ¤Î Virtual Consoles</title> + + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú·Qn°õ¦æ X ¡A§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò°µ¡H</title> + +<para>³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O¦b¦w¸Ë¨t²Îªº®ÉÔ¤@¨Ö¦w¸Ë¡C</para> + +<para>µM«á¬Ý¬Ý <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&query=xf86config">xf86config ªº man page</ulink> ¡A³oÓµ{¦¡¥i¥HÀ°±z³]©w XFree86(tm) ¨Ï¥¦ +¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î±zªºÅã¥Ü¥d/·Æ¹«µ¥¶gÃä¡C</para> + +<para>±z©Î³\¤]·Q¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý Xaccel server¡C¸Ô±¡½Ð¬Ý <xref linkend="metrox" remap="Metro Link"> ©Î¬O <xref linkend="xig" remap="Xi Graphics"> ³o¤@¬q¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="x-and-moused"> +<title>¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à¦b X ¸Ì¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªG±z¥Îªº¬O syscons (¤º©wªº console ÅX°Êµ{¦¡) ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ³]©w +FreeBSD ¨ÓÅý¥¦¤ä´©¦b¨CÓ virtual console ¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡C¬°¤FÁקK©M X ²£¥Í½Ä +¬ð¡Asyscons ¨Ï¥Î¤F¤@Ó¥s°µ``<filename>/dev/sysmouse</filename>''ªºµêÀÀ¸Ë¸m¡C©Ò¦³·Æ +¹«²£¥Íªº event ³£·|§Q¥Î MouseSystems ³oÓ¨ó©w¨Ó¶Ç¨ì sysmouse ³oӸ˸m +¡C¦pªG±z§Æ±æ¦b¤@Ó©Î¥H¤Wªº virtual console ¤W¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡A<emphasis remap=bf>¨Ã¥B</emphasis> ¯à°÷ +¨Ï¥Î X ªº¸Ü¡A§ÚÌ«Øij±z³o¼Ë³]©w¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> /etc/rc.conf: + moused_type=ps/2 # or whatever your actual type is + moused_port=/dev/psm0 # or whatever your real port is + moused_flags= + + /etc/XF86Config + Section Pointer + Protocol "MouseSystems" + Device "/dev/sysmouse" + ..... + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦³¨Ç¤H¤ñ¸û³ßÅw¦b³]©w X ªº®ÉԥΠ"<filename>/dev/mouse</filename>" ³oӸ˸m¡C¦p +ªG±znÅý¥¦¯à°÷¥¿±`¤u§@ªº¸Ü¡A±z´N¥²¶·§â "<filename>/dev/mouse</filename>" ³sµ²¨ì +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?sysmouse">/dev/sysmouse</ulink>¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # cd /dev + # rm -f mouse + # ln -s sysmouse mouse + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>X Window ªº¿ï³æ©M¹ï¸Ü®Ø¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@¡I</title> + +<para>§â Num Lock Ãö±¼¸Õ¸Õ¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG±zªº Num Lock ¦b¶}¾÷®Éªº¹w³]ȬO¶}µÛªº¸Ü¡A±z¥²¶·§â¤U¦C³o¦æ©ñ¨ì +<emphasis remap=tt>XF86Config</emphasis> ³]©wÀɤ¤ªº "<emphasis remap=tt>Keyboard</emphasis>" ³¡¥÷¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # Let the server do the NumLock processing. This should only be + # required when using pre-R6 clients + ServerNumLock + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¤°»ò¬O virtual console¡H§Ún«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à¥Î¦h¤@ÂI¡H</title> + +<para>²³æ¨Ó»¡¡Avirtual console ´N¬O¥i¥HÅý±z¤£¥²°µ¤Ó¦h½ÆÂøªº³]©w¦p¨Ï¥Îºô +¸ô©Î°õ¦æ X ¡A¦Ó¦b¦P¤@»O¾÷¾¹¤W¦P®É°µ¦n´X¥ó¨Æªº¤èªk¡C</para> + +<para>·í±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¨ÃÅã¥Ü§¹©Ò¦³¶}¾÷°T®§¤§«á¡A±z´N·|¦b¿Ã¹õ¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@Ó login ªº +´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡C¦b³oÓ®ÉÔ±z´N¥i¥H¿é¤J±zªº login name ¥H¤Î password ¡AµM«á´N +¥i¥H¦b²Ä¤@Ó virtual console ¤W¶}©l¤u§@¤F (©ÎªÌ¶}©lª±¡I) ¡C</para> + +<para>¦b¬Y¨Ç±¡ªp¤U¡A±z¥i¯à·|·Qn§@¨ä¥Lªº¤u§@¡A¨Ò¦p»¡¬O¬Ý¬Ý±z¥¿¦b°õ¦æªºµ{ +¦¡ªº»¡©ú¤å¥ó¡A©Î¬O·í±z¦b FTP ¶Ç¿éªºµ¥«Ý®É¶¡¤¤¬Ý¬Ý±zªº¶l¥ó¡C±z¥u»Ýn«ö +Alt-F2 («ö¦í Alt Á䤣©ñ¡A¨Ã«ö¤U F2 Áä) ¡AµM«á±z´N·|¦b²Ä¤GÓ "virtual +console" ¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@Ó login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡I·í±z·Qn¦^¨ìì¨Óªº¤u§@®É¡A½Ð«ö +Alt-F1¡C</para> + +<para>FreeBSD ¦b¦w¸Ë®Éªº¹w³]ȬO¨Ï¥Î¤TÓ virtual console ¡A±z¥i¥H¥Î +Alt-F1¡AAlt-F2¡A¥H¤Î Alt-F3 ¦b¥¦Ì¤§¶¡°µ¤Á´«¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG±z·Qn¦h¤@ÂI virtual console ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥u»Ýn½s¿è <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys">/etc/ttys</ulink> ³oÓÀÉ +¡A¦b "Virtual terminals" ³oÓµù¸Ñ«á±¥[¤J "<emphasis remap=tt>ttyv4</emphasis>" ¨ì "<emphasis remap=tt>ttyvc</emphasis>" +ªºÄæ¦ì¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # Edit the existing entry for ttyv3 in /etc/ttys and change + # "off" to "on". + ttyv3 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyv4 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyv5 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyv6 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyv7 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyv8 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyv9 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyva "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>±z·Q¥Î´XÓ´N³]´XÓ¡C±z³]¶V¦h virtual terminal ¡A¥¦Ì´N¥Î±¼¶V¦h¨t²Î +¸ê·½¡F¦pªG±z¥u¦³¤£¨ì 8MB ªº°O¾ÐÅ骺¸Ü¡A³o¼vÅT´N¤j¤F¡C±z¥i¯à¤]·|·Q§â +"<emphasis remap=tt>secure</emphasis>" ´«¦¨ "<emphasis remap=tt>insecure</emphasis>" ¡C</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>IMPORTANT NOTE</emphasis> ¦pªG±z·Qn°õ¦æ X ªº¸Ü¡A±z <emphasis remap=bf>¥²¶·</emphasis> ¬°¥¦«O¯d ( +©ÎÃö±¼) ¦Ü¤Ö¤@Ó virtual terminal ¡C³o´N¬O»¡¡A¦pªG±z·Q¦b«ö¤Q¤GÓ Alt +¥\¯àÁä®É³£¦³ login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡A¦Ó¥B¤S¦b¦P¤@³¡¹q¸£¤W¤]·Q°õ¦æ X ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò +³o¯u¬O¤Ó¤£©¯¤F - ±z¥u¯à¥Î¤Q¤@Ó¡C</para> + +<para>¨ú®ø¤@Ó console ³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O§â¥¦Ãö±¼¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±z¹³¤W±Á¿ +ªº¤@¼Ë³]©w¤F¥þ³¡ªº 12 Ó terminal ¨Ã¥B·Qn°õ¦æ X ¡A±z¥²»Ý§â virtual +terminal 12 ±q¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³]¦¨¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦pªG±zªºÁä½L¥u¦³ 10 Ó¥\¯àÁ䪺¸Ü¡A±z´Nn§ï¦¨³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ttyv9 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure + ttyva "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure + ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>(±z¤]¥i¥Hª½±µ§â³o´X¦æ¬å±¼¡C)</para> + +<para>¤@¥¹±z§ï¤F <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys">/etc/ttys</ulink>¡A +¤U¤@Ó¨BÆJ´N¬On½T©w±z¦³¨¬°÷ªº virtual terminal ¸Ë¸m¡C³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # cd /dev + # ./MAKEDEV vty12 # For 12 devices + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦A¹L¨Ó¡A·Qn±Ò°Ê³o¨Ç virtual console ³Ì²³æ (¤]¬O³Ì°®²b) ªº°µªk´N¬O +«¶}¾÷¡CµM«á¡A¦pªG±z¤£·Q«¶}¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H§â X Window Ãö±¼¡AµM«á¥Î +<emphasis remap=tt>root</emphasis> ªº¨¥÷°õ¦æ¤U¦C«ü¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> kill -HUP 1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>·í±z°õ¦æ³oÓ©R¥O«e¡A±z¤@©wn§¹¥þ§â X Window Ãö±¼¡C¦pªG±z¤£³o»ò°µªº +¸Ü¡A±zªº¨t²Î¥i¯à·|¦b±z°õ¦æ kill ©R¥O«á¥X²{·í±¼©ÎÂꦺªº±¡ªp¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç»ò±q X ¤Á´«¨ì virtual console¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªG±z¿Ã¹õ¤W¥¿¦bÅã¥Ü X Window ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¥Î Ctrl-Alt-F1 µ¥«öÁä¨Ó¤Á +´«¨ì virtual console ¡Cª`·N¡A¤@¥¹±z±q X Window ¤Á´«¨ì¥ô¤@Ó virtual +console ¤§«á¡A±z´N¥i¥H¥u¥Î Alt- ¥\¯àÁä¨Ó¤Á´«¨ì¨ä¥L virtual terminal ©Î +¬O¤Á¦^ X Window ¡C±z¤£¥²¦P®É«öµÛ Ctrl Áä¡C¦pªG¦b¤ñ¸ûªºª©¥»¤¤±z¥Î +Ctrl Áä¨Ó¤Á¦^ X Window ªº¸Ü¡A±z·|µo²{±zªº¤å¦r¿Ã¹õ³Q¥d¦b "control-lock" +¼Ò¦¡¤U¡C±z¥u»Ýn¦A«ö¤@¦¸±±¨îÁä´N¥i¥H«ì´_쪬¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à¦b¶}¾÷®É±Ò°Ê XDM¡H</title> + +<para>¦³¨âºØ¤èªk¥i¥H±Ò°Ê <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&query=xdm">xdm</ulink> ¡C¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O±q +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys">/etc/ttys</ulink> ¨Ó±Ò°Ê¡A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò man page ¤¤ªº½d¨Ò¡F¥t¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O¦b +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc">rc.local</ulink> +°õ¦æ xdm ¡A©Î¬O¦b <filename>/usr/local/etc/rc.d</filename> ©ñ¤@Ó <filename>X.sh</filename> ¡C³o¨â +ºØ¤èªk³£¬O¦Xªkªº¡A¦pªG±z¸Õ¬Y¤@ºØ¤èªkµL®Äªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¥t¥~¤@ºØ¡C³o¨â +ºØ¤èªkªºµ²ªG¬O¤@¼Ëªº¡GX ·|Åã¥Ü¤@ӹϧΤƪº login: ´£¥Ü¡C</para> + +<para>¥Î ttys ªº¤èªkªºÀuÂI¡A¦b©ó«ü©ú¤F X ¦b±Ò°Ê®É¨ì©³¬O¥Î¨ºÓ vty¡A¨Ã¥B±N +logout ®É«·s±Ò°Ê X server ªº³d¥ô¥áµ¹ init¡C rc.local ªº¤èªk«h¬O¦b·í±Ò +°Ê X ¥X¤F°ÝÃD®É¡A¥i¥H«Ü»´ÃP¦a§â xdm ±þ±¼¨Ó¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃD¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG¬O¥Î rc.local ªº¤èªk¡A¦b°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>xdm</emphasis> ®É±z¤£¯à¥[¥ô¦ó°Ñ¼Æ¡]¤]´N +¬O¶]¦¨ daemon¡^¡C¥²¶·¦b getty °õ¦æ«á¤~¯à±Ò°Ê xdm¡A§_«h getty ©M xdm ·| +¤¬¬Û½Ä¬ð¦ÓÂê¦í console¡C³Ì¦nªº¤è¦¡¬O¦b script ¤¤¥[Ó sleep¡AÅý¥¦¼È°± +10 ¬íÄÁ¥ª¥k¡A±µµÛ¤~°õ¦æ xdm¡C</para> + +<para>«e¤@ª©ªº FAQ »¡±z¥²¶·§â±z·QÅý X ¨Ï¥Îªº <emphasis remap=tt>vt</emphasis> ¥[¨ì +<filename>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers</filename> Àɸ̥h¡C³o¬O¤£¥²nªº¡GX ·|¦Û +°Ê¨Ï¥Î²Ä¤@Ó§ä¨ìªº¥i¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>vt</emphasis> ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>·í§Ú°õ¦æ xconsole ®É¡Aµo¥Í¤F "Couldn't open console" ªº¿ù»~</title> + +<para>¦pªG±z¬O¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&query=startx">startx</ulink> ¨Ó±Ò°Ê <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&query=X">X</ulink> ªº¸Ü¡A/dev/console ªºÅv¨Ã¤£·|§ïÅÜ¡Aµ²ªG´N¬O <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&query=xterm">xterm -C</ulink> ©M <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&query=xconsole">xconsole</ulink> ³oÃþªºµ{¦¡µLªk¥¿±`°õ¦æ¡C</para> + +<para>³o¤@¤Áªº°ÝÃD¡A³£¬O¦]¬° console ªºÅv¬O±Ä¥Î¨t²Î¹w³]È¡C¦b¤@Ó¦h¨Ï¥Î +ªÌªº¨t²Î¸Ì¡A§Ṳ́£§Æ±æ¨CӨϥΪ̳£¥i¥Hª½±µ¼g¤J¨t²Î console ¡C¦pªG¨Ï +¥ÎªÌ¬O±q¾÷¾¹ªº VTY ª½±µ login ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?fbtab">fbtab</ulink> +¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³oÃþªº°ÝÃD¡C</para> + +<para>²³æ¦a»¡¡A½Ð½T«O +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?fbtab(5)">/etc/fbtab</ulink> ³oÓÀɮפ¤ªº³o¤@¦æ¨S¦³³Qµù¸Ñ±¼¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> /dev/ttyv0 0600 /dev/console + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¤@¦æ³]©wªº¦s¦b¥i¥H½T«O±q <filename>/dev/ttyv0</filename> µn¤Jªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥i¥H±±¨î +console ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¦b X ¤¤¦³ÂI¤£¥¿±`</title> + +<para>±zªº·Æ¹«©M±zªº·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¥i¯à¦s¦b¦³¤£¦P¨Bªº²{¶H¡C</para> + +<para>¦b 2.2.5 ¥H¤Î§ó¦ªº¨t²Î¸Ì¡A±q X 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psmintr: out of sync (xxxx != yyyy) + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á±z´N·|µo²{±zªº·Æ¹«¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@¤F¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG±zµo¥Í¤F³o¼Ëªºª¬ªp¡A±z¥²¶·Âǥѧâ PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº flag ³]¦¨ +0x100 ¨Ó§â¦P¨B½T»{ªºµ{¦¡½Xµ¹¨ú®ø±¼¡CµM«á¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î +"<option>-c</option>" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J <emphasis>UserConfig</emphasis>¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> boot: -c + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á¡A¦b <emphasis>UserConfig</emphasis> ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> UserConfig> flags psm0 0x100 + UserConfig> quit + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¤£¯à³z¹L MouseSystem ¨Ó¹B§@</title> + +<para>¦³¤@¨Ç³ø§i«ü¥X¬Y¨Ç¼tµPªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¥u¯à¦b "°ª¸ÑªR«×" ª¬ºA¤U¤~¯à¹B§@ +¡C¦pªG¤£¬Oªº¸Ü¡A·Æ¹«´å¼Ð·|±`±`¶]¨ì¿Ã¹õªº¥ª¤W¨¤¥h¡C</para> + +<para>«D±`¤£©¯ªº¡A³oÓ°ÝÃD¦b 2.0.X ©M 2.1.X ¤U¬OµL¸Ñªº¡C¦b 2.2 ¨ì 2.2.5 +ª©¡A±z¥i¥H¹ï <filename>/sys/i386/isa/psm.c</filename> ¨Ï¥Î¤U¦C patch µM«á««Ø±zªº +®Ö¤ß¡C¦pªG±z¨S¦³«Ø¥ß®Ö¤ßªº¸gÅç¡A½Ð¬Ý +<xref linkend="make-kernel" remap="building a kernel"> ³o¸`¡C</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>diff -u psm.c.orig psm.c +@@ -766,6 +766,8 @@ + if (verbose >= 2) + log(LOG_DEBUG¡A"psm%d: SET_DEFAULTS return code:%04x\n", + unit¡Ai); ++ set_mouse_resolution(sc->kbdc¡APSMD_RES_HIGH); ++ + #if 0 + set_mouse_scaling(sc->kbdc); /* 1:1 scaling */ + set_mouse_mode(sc->kbdc); /* stream mode */ + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦b 2.2.6 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¡A¦b PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤¤³]©w 0x04 ªº flag ·| +§â·Æ¹«³]¦¨°ª¸ÑªR«×¼Ò¦¡¡C¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î "<option>-c</option>" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J +<emphasis>UserConfig</emphasis>¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> boot: -c + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á¡A¦b <emphasis>UserConfig</emphasis> ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> UserConfig> flags psm0 0x04 + UserConfig> quit + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>«e¤@¸`¦³´£¨ì¥t¤@Ó¥i¯à¾ÉP·Æ¹«°ÝÃDªºì¦]¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>·í§Ú«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡®É¡A<emphasis remap=tt>imake</emphasis> »¡¥¦§ä¤£¨ì <filename>Imake.tmpl</filename> ¡C¥¦¦b¨º¡H + </title> + +<para>Imake.tmpl ¬O Imake ®M¥óªº¤@³¡¥÷¡AImake ¬O¼Ð·Çªº«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡ªº¤u¨ã¡C +Imake.tmpl ©M¨ä¥L¼ÆÓ header file ¤@¼Ë¬O«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡ªº¥²nÀɮסA±z¥i¥H¦b +X prog distribution ¤¤§ä¨ì¥¦Ì¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î sysinstall ¨Ó¦w¸Ë©Î¬Oª½±µ±q +X distribution ¤¤¤â°Ê¦w¸Ë¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à³]©w¥ªºJ¤l¥Îªº·Æ¹«¡H + </title> + +<para>¦b±zªº .xinitrc ©Î¬O .xsession ¤¤°õ¦æ +<literal> xmodmap -e "pointer = 3 2 1"</literal> ªº«ü¥O¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>n¦p¦ó¦w¸Ë splash ¹Ï§ÎÅã¥Üµ{¦¡¡H¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä±o¨ì©O¡H + </title> + +<para>´N¦bµo¦æ FreeBSD 3.1 ¤§«e¡A§ÚÌ¥[¶i¤F¦b¶}¾÷®ÉÅã¥Ü "splash" +¹Ï§Îªº·s¥\¯à¡C¥Ø«e¥Î¨ÓÅã¥Ü¦b¿Ã¹õ¤WªºÀÉ®×¥²¶·¬O 256 ¦âªºÂI¯x°}¹Ï§Î +¡]<filename>*.BMP</filename> ¡B©Î ZSoft PCX¡]<filename>*.PCX</filename> ªº®æ¦¡¡C°£¦¹¤§¥~¡A¸ÑªR +«×¤]¥²¶·¦b 320x200 ¥H¤U¡A¤~¯à©M¼Ð·Ç VGA Åã¥Ü¥d·f°t¨Ï¥Î¡C¦pªG±z½sĶ +kernel ®É¦³¥[¤J VESA ¤ä´©¡A¨º»ò³Ì¤j¸ÑªR«×¥i¥H¨ì 1024x768¡Cª`·N VESA ªº +¤ä´©»Ýn¥[¤J <emphasis remap=tt>VM86</emphasis> ³oÓ kernel ¿ï¶µ¡CVESA ¤ä´©¹ê»Ú¤W¥i¥H¦b½sĶ +kernel ®É¥[¤J <acronym>VESA</acronym> ¿ï¶µ¡B©Î¸ü¤J VESA ªº kld module ¨Ó¹F¦¨¡C</para> + +<para>±znקﱱ¨î FreeBSD ¶}¾÷¨BÆJªº³]©wÀÉ¡A¤~¯à¨Ï¥Î splash Åã¥Ü¹Ï§Îªº¥\ +¯à¡C³]©wÀɦbµo¦æ FreeBSD 3.2 «e¦³¨Ç§ó°Ê¡A©Ò¥H²{¦b¦³¨âÓ¤èªk¥i¥H¸ü¤J +splash ªº¥\¯à¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>FreeBSD 3.1 + +</para> + +<para>¥ý¿ï¥X¥Î¨ÓÅã¥Ü¦b¿Ã¹õ¤Wªº¹Ï§Î¡A3.1 ª©¥u¤ä´© Windows ªºÂI¯x°}®æ¦¡¡C +¿ï¦n¤F±znªº¹ÏÀÉ«á¡A±N¥¦«þ¨ì <filename>/boot/splash.bmp</filename>¡C±µµÛ§â¤U±´X +¦æ¥[¤J <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename> ¤¤¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> load kernel + load -t splash_image_data /boot/splash.bmp + load splash_bmp + autoboot + </literallayout> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>FreeBSD 3.2 ¥H«áªºª©¥» + +</para> + +<para>°£¤F¥[¤J¹ï PCX Àɮתº¤ä´©¥~¡AFreeBSD 3.2 ¤]§ï¶i¤F¶}¾÷µ{§Çªº³]©w +¤è¦¡¡C¦pªG±zÄ@·Nªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H¥Î¤Wz FreeBSD 3.1 ªº¤èªk¡A±N +<symbol>splash_bmp</symbol> ´«¦¨ <symbol>splash_pcx</symbol> ¨Ó¸ü¤J PCX ÀɮקY¥i¡C +¦pªG·Q¥Î·sªº³]©w¤è¦¡¡A±zªº <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename> ¥²¶·¥]¬A³o´X¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> include /boot/loader.4th + start + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>¨Ã¥B <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> ¤]n¥]¬A³o´X¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> splash_bmp_load="YES" + bitmap_load="YES" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para></para> + +<para>³o¬O°²³]±z¥Î <filename>/boot/splash.bmp</filename> ¨Ó·í§@ splash ªº¿Ã¹õÅã +¥Ü¡C¦pªG·Q¥Î PCX ªºÀɮסA±N¥¦«þ¦¨ <filename>/boot/splash.pcx</filename>¡A¦p¤W +z°µ¥X <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename>¡A¦A±N³o´X¦æ¥[¨ì +<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> ¤¤¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> splash_pcx_load="YES" + bitmap_load="YES" + bitmap_name="/boot/splash.pcx" + </literallayout> +</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>²{¦b´N¥u³Ñ¤U splash ¥Î¨ÓÅã¥Üªº¹ÏÀÉ¡A±z¥i¥H¦b <ulink URL="http://www.cslab.vt.edu/~jobaldwi/splash/">http://www.cslab.vt.edu/~jobaldwi/splash/</ulink> §ä¨ì¦UºØ¼Ë«~.</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="networking"> +<title>ºô¸ô³]©w</title> + + +<sect1> +<title>§ÚÀ³¸Ó¨ìþÃä§ä¦³ÃöµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷ (diskless booting) ªº¸ê®Æ?</title> + +<para>µLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷´N¬OÅý FreeBSD ¥D¾÷±qºô¸ô¤W¶}¾÷,¨Ã¥B±qºô¸ô¤Wªº server ¤WŪ¨ú +¨ä¥L¥²nªºÀÉ®×,¦Ó«D¥Ñ¥D¾÷ªºµwºÐ¤W¨ú±o³o¨ÇÀɮסC ¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò +<ulink URL="../../handbook/diskless.html">FreeBSD ¤â¥UªºµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷½g</ulink></para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> FreeBSD ªº¥D¾÷¥i¥H·í§@¬YÓºô¸ô¤Wªº¸ô¥Ñ¾¹ (router) ¶Ü ? + </title> + +<para>¥Ñ©óºô»Úºô¸ôªº¼Ð·Ç¤Æ©Mµ{¦¡³]pªº¥R¤À¸gÅ礧½ç,§ÚÌ +¯à°÷¦b FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤º«Ø«Ê¥]Âà¶Ç (packet fowarding) ªº¥\¯à¡C§A¥i¥H +±N³oÓ¥\¯à¥´¶},¥un±N³oÓÅܼƳ]©w¬° +<acronym>YES</acronym> ¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf">rc.conf</ulink>³oÓÀɮפ¤</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> gateway_enable=YES # Set to YES if this host will be a gateway + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³oӿﶵ·|±N <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?sysctl">sysctl</ulink> ÅܼƳ]©w +<filename>net.inet.ip.forwarding</filename> ¬° <emphasis remap=tt>1</emphasis>.</para> + +<para>¦b¤j³¡¤Àªºª¬ªp¤U, §AÁÙ¥²¶·¦A¶]¤@Ó³B²z routing ªºµ{¦¡,§i¶Dºô¸ô¤Wªº¨ä¥L +¥D¾÷Ãö©ó§Aªº router ³]©wªº¸ê®Æ; FreeBSD +¥X¼t®É«K¤ºªþ¤@ӼзǪº BSD routing µ{¦¡ +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?routed">routed</ulink>, ¦pªG§Aªººô¸ô³]©w§ó¬°½ÆÂø,§A¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý +<emphasis>GaTeD</emphasis> (¥i¥H¥H FTP ¤è¦¡¥Ñ <filename>ftp.gated.Merit.EDU</filename> ¤U¸ü) +³oÓµ{¦¡¦Û 3_5Alpha7 «á¤ä´© FreeBSD .</para> + +<para>§Ú̦³¥²n§i¶D§A,´Nºâ¬O FreeBSD ¥H³oºØ¤è¦¡³]©w§¹¦¨ +, ¥¦ÁÙ¬OµLªk§¹¥þº¡¨¬ Internet ¹ï router ªº¼Ð·Ç©w¸q +;¤£¹L, ´N¤é±`¨Ï¥Î¦Ó¨¥¥¦¤w¸g¨¬°÷À³¥I¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº»Ý¨D¤F¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¥i¥H³z¹L FreeBSD ±N§Úªº Win95 ¾÷¾¹³s¤W Internet ¶Ü?</title> + +<para>°ò¥»¤W, ·|°Ý³oºØ°ÝÃDªº¤H¦b®a¸Ì¦Ü¤Ö¦³¨â¥x¹q¸£, ¤@¥x¶] FreeBSD +¥t¥~¤@¥x¶] Win95; ³oÓ¥D·N¬O±N FreeBSD ¥D¾÷³s¤W Internet +,µM«á³z¹L³o¥x FreeBSD ¥D¾÷,Åý¶] Win95 ªº¹q¸£¯à°÷¤Wºô¡C +³oÓ°ÝÃDºâ¬O«e¤@Ó°ÝÃDªº¤@Ó¯S¨Ò¡C</para> + +<para>³oÃ䦳«nªº¤å¥ó,±Ð§A«ç»ò§â FreeBSD ªº¥D¾÷³]©w¦¨ +<ulink URL="http://www.ssimicro.com/~jeremyc/ppp.html">PPP Dialup Router</ulink></para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>ª`·N:</emphasis> ¦b³oºØª¬ªp¤U§A¦Ü¤Ön¦³¨âÓ¥H¤Wªº©T©w IP addresses +, ¦³®É¬O¤TÓ¥H¤W©Î§ó¦h²Õ IP ¦P®É¨Ï¥Î, µø§Aªº»Ý¨D¦Ó©w¡C +¦pªG§A¨S¦³©T©wªº IP ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î,§A¥i¥H¦Ò¼{¨Ï¥Î private IP +¤lºô¸ô,¨Ã¦w¸Ë <emphasis remap=bf>proxies</emphasis> ¨Ò¦p +<ulink URL="http://squid.nlanr.net/Squid/">SQUID</ulink> ©Î¬O +<ulink URL="http://www.tis.com/">the TIS firewall toolkit</ulink> +¦b§Aªº FreeBSD ¥D¾÷¤W¡C</para> + +<para>¥t¥~¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò <xref linkend="natd" remap="natd">.</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title> ¬°¤°»ò§Ú¦b compile ISC ³Ì·sª©ªº BIND µ{¦¡®É¦Ñ¬O¥¢±Ñ? + </title> + +<para>¦b ``<filename>cdefs.h</filename>'' Àɮפ¤ªº©w¸q»P FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤¤¤ºªþ +ªºÀɮשw¸q¦³©Ò½Ä¬ð¡Cª½±µ§â +<filename>compat/include/sys/cdefs.h</filename> ¬å±¼´N¥i¥H¤F¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>FreeBSD ¤ä´© SLIP ©M PPP ¶Ü?</title> + +<para>¬Oªº¡C §A¥i¥H¬d¬d man pages ¤¤Ãö©ó +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?slattach">slattach</ulink>, <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?sliplogin">sliplogin</ulink>, +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?pppd">pppd</ulink> ¥H¤Î +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp">ppp</ulink> ªº»¡©ú. +<emphasis remap=tt>pppd</emphasis> ©M <emphasis remap=tt>ppp</emphasis> ³£´£¨Ñ¼·¶i¤Î¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?sliplogin">Sliplogin</ulink> ±Mªù³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¤Jªº¥\¯à,¦Ó +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?slattach">slattach</ulink> ³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C</para> + +<para>³o¨Çµ{¦¡¦³¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú,§A¥i¥H¦b +<ulink URL="../../handbook/index.html">handbook</ulink>¤¤§ä¨ì:</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="../../handbook/slips.html">SLIP (server ºÝ) ªº»¡©ú</ulink> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="../../handbook/slipc.html">SLIP (client ºÝ) ªº»¡©ú</ulink> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="../../handbook/ppp.html">PPP (kernel ¼Ò¦¡) ªº»¡©ú</ulink> +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><ulink URL="../../handbook/ppp-and-slip.html#USERPPP">PPP (¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡) ªº»¡©ú</ulink></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>¦pªG§A¥u¯àÂÇ¥Ñ"shell account"ªº¤è¦¡¤Wºôªº¸Ü, +§A¥i¯à·|·Q¬Ý¬Ý <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^slirp">slirp</ulink> +³oÓ³nÅé¡C ¥¦¥i¥HÅý§Aªº¹q¸£ª½±µ³s¤W (¬Y¨Ç) ªA°È, +¨Ò¦p ftp ©M http µ¥µ¥¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="natd"> +<title> FreeBSD ¤ä´© NAT ©Î Masquerading ¶Ü? + </title> + +<para>¦pªG§A¦³¤@ÓªñºÝªº¤lºô¸ô(¦³¤@¥x¥H¤Wªº¾÷¾¹), ¦ý¬O§Aªº Internet provider +«o¥u¤À°t¤@Ó IP number µ¹§A +(©ÎªÌ§A¥u¤À°t¨ì¤@ӰʺAªº IP number), §A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?natd">natd</ulink> +³oÓµ{¦¡¡C <emphasis remap=tt>Natd</emphasis> Åý§A¥i¥H³z¹L³o¤@Ó IP number Åý¾ãÓ¤lºô¸ôªº¹q¸£³£¯à +³s¤W internet ¡C</para> + +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp">ppp</ulink> ³oÓµ{¦¡¤]´£¨ÑÃþ¦üªº¥\¯à , ¦pªG§A¤U +<option>-alias</option> ³oӿﶵªº¸Ü¡C <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?libalias">alias library</ulink> +¦b³o¨âÓ³B²z¤è¦¡¤¤³£·|³Q¨Ï¥Î¨ì¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="userppp"> +<title> §Ú¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î ppp ,§Ú°µ¿ù¤F¤°»ò¶Ü ? + </title> + +<para>§AÀ³¸Ó¥ý¬Ý¬Ý <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp">ppp man page</ulink> ©M +<ulink URL="../../handbook/ppp-and-slip.html#USERPPP">ppp ¨Ï¥Î»¡©ú</ulink>¡C¨Ï¥Î¥H¤U«ü¥O¨Ó¥´¶}°O¿ý (logging) ªº¥\¯à</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set log Phase Chat Connect Carrier lcp ipcp ccp command + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³oÓ©R¥O¥i¥H¦b <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> command prompt ©ÎªÌ¬O¦b +<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> ²ÕºAÀɮפ¤¥[¤J¡C +(¥[¦b <emphasis remap=bf>default</emphasis> section ªº¶}ÀY³Ì¦n). +½T©w¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?syslog.conf">/etc/syslog.conf</ulink> ¸Ì±¦³³o»ò¤@¦æ:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> !ppp + *.* /var/log/ppp.log + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦Ó¥B<filename>/var/log/ppp.log</filename> ³oÓÀɮצs¦b¡C ¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó +§A¥i¥H±q log Àɮפ¤ª¾¹D¨ì©³µo¥Í¤F¤°»ò¨Æ±¡¡C +¥ý¤£¥Î¾á¤ßÀɮתº¤º®e§A¬Ý¤£À´, ¦pªG§An¦V¤H¨D±Ïªº¸Ü +, ±Ï§Aªº¤H·|¬Ý±oÀ´ªº¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG§A¨t²Î¤Wªº¨º¥÷ ppp ¤£´£¨Ñ "set log" +ªº«ü¥Oªº¸Ü, §AÀ³¸Ó¥h¤U¸ü +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/~brian">³Ì·sª©¥»</ulink>. +³oÓª©¥»¦b FreeBSD 2.1.5 ¥H¤Wªºª©¥»³£¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¡C</para> + + +<sect2> +<title>§Ú¤@°õ¦æ ppp ,¥¦´N±¾¦b¨ºÃ䤣°Ê¤F</title> + +<para>·|µo¥Í³oºØ±¡§Î³q±`¬O§Aªº hostname ¨S¦³¿ìªk¸Ñ¥X¨Ó¡C ¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD +³Ì¦nªº¿ìªk¬O½T©w <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> ·|³Q§Aªº resolver ²Ä¤@ӰѦҨì¡C +§A¥i¥Hקï<filename>/etc/host.conf</filename> +¨Ã¥B§â<emphasis remap=tt>hosts</emphasis> ©ñ¨ì³Ì«e±. ±µµÛ, ¥un§â§Aªº¾÷¾¹¦WºÙ©ñ¨ì +<filename>/etc/hosts</filename> ¸Ì±´N¥i¥H¤F¡C ¦pªG§A¨S¦³ +local network ªº¸Ü, קï <emphasis remap=tt>localhost</emphasis> ³o¤@¦æ:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>127.0.0.1 foo.bar.com foo localhost + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>§_«h, ´N§â§A¥D¾÷ªº¸ê°T¥[¤JÀɮפ¤¡C §A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò +¬ÛÃöªº man pages ¥HÀò±o¶i¤@¨Bªº¸ê°T¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG§A¶¶§Qªº§¹¦¨³o¨Ç°Ê§@, §AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦¨¥\ªº°õ¦æ <command>ping -c1 `hostname`</command> +.</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Ppp ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¤U¤£¯à¼·¸¹</title> + +<para>º¥ý½T©w§Aªº¤º©w¸ô¥Ñ (default route) ¬O§_¦³³]©w¡C ¤U <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?netstat">http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?netstat</ulink> +name="netstat -rn"> ³oÓ«ü¥O, §AÀ³¸Ó¯à°÷¬Ý¨ì¦p¥H¤U½d¨Òªº¨âÓ entries :</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire +default 10.0.0.2 UGSc 0 0 tun0 +10.0.0.2 10.0.0.1 UH 0 0 tun0 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¨Ç³]©w¬O°²³]±z¨Ï¥Îªº address ¸ò handbook ¸Ì±ªº¡B©Î¬O man +page ªº½d¨Ò¡B©ÎªÌ©M ppp.conf.sample ¸Ìªº³]©w¬Û¦P¡C¦pªG±z¨S¦³³]©w +default route¡A¨º»ò¦³¥i¯à±z²{¦b¨Ï¥Îª©¥»ªº <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp">ppp</ulink>¡Aªº +ppp ·|¬Ý¤£À´ ppp.conf ¸Ìªº <acronym>HISADDR</acronym>¡C¦pªG±zªº¨t²Î <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> +¬O¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ¤§«eªº¸Ü, קï³o¤@¦æ</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> add 0 0 HISADDR + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦¨¬°</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> add 0 0 10.0.0.2 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>default route ³o¦æ¨S¦³¥X²{ªº¥t¤@Óì¦]¬O§A³]¿ù¤F default +router¡A³oÓ³]©w¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf">/etc/rc.conf</ulink> Àɮפ¤(³oÓÀɮצb release 2.2.2 «e¥s +<filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename>)¡A§A»Ýn¦b <filename>ppp.conf</filename> ¤¤¥[¤J³o +»ò¤@¦æ</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> delete ALL + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦pªGµo¥Í³oºØ±¡§Î, ¦^¨ì handbook <ulink URL="../../handbook/ppp-and-slip.html#USERPPP-FINAL">userppp ³Ì«á³]©w</ulink> +ªº»¡©ú¤¤¬d¸ß¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¤°»ò¥s°µ "No route to host"</title> + +<para>³oÓª¬ªp³q±`¬O¦]¬°¯Ê¤Ö¤F³o¬q³]©w</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> MYADDR: + delete ALL + add 0 0 HISADDR + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>½ÐÀˬd±zªº <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename> Àɮפ¤¬O§_¦³³o¨Ç³]©w¡C +¥u¦³¦b±z¨Ï¥Î°ÊºA IP(dynamic IP) ©Î¤£ª¾¹D±z gateway ªº IP ®É¤~»Ýn +³]©w³oÓ¡C¦pªG±z¬O¨Ï¥Î interactive mode ªº¸Ü, ±z¥i¥H¦b¶i¤J packet +mode «á¿é¤J¦p¤U©R¥O(¦pªG ppp ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹Åܦ¨¤j¼gªº <acronym>PPP</acronym>¡A«K¥Nªí¤w +¸g¶i¤J packet mode)¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> delete ALL + add 0 0 HISADDR + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>±z¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò handbook ¤¤ +<ulink URL="../../handbook/ppp-and-slip.html#USERPPP-DYNAMICIP">PPP ©M°ÊºA IP ¦ì§}</ulink> ªº³¡¥÷¡A¦³¸û¸ÔºÉªº»¡©ú¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>§Úªº³s½u¦b¤T¤ÀÄÁ«á¦Û°ÊÂ_±¼¤F</title> + +<para>ppp ¹w³]ªº timeout ȬO¤T¤ÀÄÁ¡C¥i¥H¥Î¥H¤U³o¦æ©R¥O½Õ¾ã</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set timeout NNN + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¥Nªí¦pªG¦b <acronym>NNN</acronym> ¬í¤ººô¸ô³£¨S¦³°ÊÀRªº¸Ü¡Appp ´N·|¦Û°ÊÃö³¬ +³s½u¡C¦pªG <acronym>NNN</acronym> ³]¦¨ 0¡A¨º»ò±N¤£·|¦]¬°¨S¦³¸ê®Æ¨Ó©¹¦ÓÃö³¬³s½u¡C +§A¥i¥H§â³o¦æ©R¥O©ñ¨ì <filename>ppp.conf</filename> ³oÓÀɮ׸̱¡A©Î¬O¦b +interactive mode ¸Ì±¿é¤J³oÓ«ü¥O¡A¤]¥i¥H¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?telnet">telnet</ulink> ©Î +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?pppctl">pppctl</ulink> ³s¨ì <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis>s ¦øªA¾¹ªº socket¡A¦b³s½u«áÀH®É½Õ¾ã +timeout ªºÈ¡C°Ñ¦Ò <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp">ppp</ulink> man page +¥HÀò±o§ó¸ÔºÉªº¸ê®Æ.</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>§Úªº³s½u¦]¬°t²ü¤Ó«¦ÓÂ_½u</title> + +<para>¦pªG±z³]©wn¥Î Link Quality Reporting(LQR)¡A±z©M¹ï¤è¥D¾÷¤§¶¡´N +¦³¥i¯à¿ò¥¢¤Ó¦hªº LQR «Ê¥]¡CPpp ·|¦]¦¹§PÂ_¹q¸Ü½u¸ô¦³°ÝÃD¡AµM«á´N·| +¤ÁÂ_³s½u¡C¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ª©¥H«e¡A¤º©w·|¨Ï¥Î LQR¡A²{¦bªº¤º©wȬO +¤£¥Î¡CLQR ¥i¥H¥Î³o¤@¦æ©R¥O¨ú®ø</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> disable lqr + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>ppp ·|¤£©w®ÉªºÂ_½u</title> + +<para>¦³®ÉÔ¦pªG½u¸ô¤W¦³¤Ó¦hÂø°T¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦pªG±z¨Ï¥Î¤F¹q¸Ü´¡¼·ªA°Èªº¸Ü¡A +±zªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷±N·|±¾Â_¹q¸Ü¡A¦]¬°¥¦»~»{³o¨Ç°T®§¬O lost carrier¡C</para> + +<para>¤j³¡¤Àªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷³£¦³®e§Ô¼È®É¥¢¥h carrier ªº³]©w¡C¥H USR Sportster +¬°¨Ò¡A¥¢¥h carrier ©M±¾Â_¹q¸Ü¤§¶¡ªº®É¶¡¡A¬O¥H 1/10 ¬í¬°³æ¦ì¦s¦b +S10 ¼È¦s¾¹¤¤¡C¦pªGnÅý±zªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¯à®e§Ô§óªøªº®É¶¡¡A§A¥i¥H¦b dial +string ¸Ì±¥[¤J¥H¤U "°e¥X©R¥O - µ¥«Ý¦r¦ê" ªº³¡¥÷¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set dial "...... ATS10=10 OK ......" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>°Ñ¦Ò¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤ºªþªº»¡©ú®Ñ¥H¨ú±o§ó¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>³s½u·|¤£©w®É·í±¼</title> + +<para>³\¦h¤Hªº³s½u·|²@µL¨Ó¥Ñªº¥d¦í¡Aº¥ýn°µªº¬O§ä¥X³s½u¨º¤@¤è·í±¼¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG¥Îªº¬O¥~±µ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡A´N¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>ping</emphasis> ¨Ó¬Ý¦b¶Ç¸ê®Æ®É¡A<acronym>TD</acronym> ¿O¸¹ +·|¤£·|°{¡C¦pªG·|ªº¸Ü¡]¨Ã¥B <acronym>RD</acronym> ¤£·|°{¡^¡A¥Nªí¬O¹ï¤è¥X°ÝÃD¡F¦pªG +¤£·|¡A«h¬O¦Û¤vªº°ÝÃD¡C¦pªG¥Î¤º±µ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡A¥ý¦b <filename>ppp.conf</filename> ¤¤¥[¤J +<emphasis remap=tt>set server</emphasis> ³o¹D«ü¥O¡A·í³s½u·í±¼®É¡A°õ¦æ pppctl ³s¨ì ppp¡C¦pªGºô +¸ô³s½u¬ðµM¦n¤F¡]¦]¬° ppp ¬Ý¨ì¥Î¨Ó¶EÂ_°ÝÃDªº socket¡^©ÎµLªk³s¤W¡]°²³] +¦b¤@¶}©l¥i¥H°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>set socket</emphasis> ³o¹D«ü¥O¡^¡Aªí¥Ü¥»¦a¥X°ÝÃD¡C¦pªG³s +±o¤W ppp «o¤´µM¤£¯à¥Î¡A¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>set log local async</emphasis> ¥´¶}¥»¦aªº«D¦P¨B +°O¿ý¡A±µµÛ¦b¥t¤@Óµøµ¡¡]©Î²×ºÝ¾÷¡^°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>ping</emphasis> ¦b³s½u¤W¶Ç°e¸ê®Æ¡C +«D¦P¨B°O¿ýªº¥\¯à·|¦P®ÉÅã¥Ü°e¥X©M±µ¦¬ªº¸ê®Æ¡A¦pªG¸ê®Æ¥u¥X¤£¶i¡A´N¬O¹ï +¤è¾÷¾¹¥X°ÝÃD¡C</para> + +<para>ª¾¹D¬O¥»¦a©Î¹ï¤è¥X°ÝÃD«á¡A´N¦³¨âºØ¥i¯à¡G</para> + + +<sect3> +<title>¹ï¤èªº¾÷¾¹¨S¦³¦^À³</title> + +<para>¦b³o¤è±¯à§@ªº¬Û·í¦³¡A¤j³¡¥÷ªº ISP ·|¦]¬°§A¤£¬O¥Î Microsoft +§@·~¨t²Î¦Ó¤£Ä@À°¦£¡C¥i¥H¦b <filename>ppp.conf</filename> ¤¤¥[¤J <emphasis remap=tt>enable lqr</emphasis>¡A +¤¹³\ ppp °»´ú¹ï¤èªº¿ù»~¦Ó±¾Â_¡A¦ý³oÓ¹Lµ{¬Û·íºC¡A©Ò¥H¤£¤j¹ê¥Î¡C¤] +³\¤£·Q§i¶D ISP §A¬O¥Î user-ppp ¤W½uªº....</para> + +<para>º¥ý¡A¥Î¤U±¨â¹D©R¥OÃö±¼©Ò¦³¥»¦aªºÀ£ÁY¥\¯à¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> disable pred1 deflate deflate24 protocomp acfcomp shortseq vj + deny pred1 deflate deflate24 protocomp acfcomp shortseq vj + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á«·s³s½u¡A½T©w³o¼Ë¤£·|¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡C¦pªG¤Ï¦Ó¦³¶i¨B©Î¬Æ¦Ü±N°ÝÃD +¸Ñ¨M±¼¡A´N¥Î¸Õ»~ªk¨Ó§ä¥X¬O¨ºÓ³]©w³y¦¨ªº¡C³o¼Ë¦bÁpµ¸ ISP ®É´N¥i¥H +´£¨Ñ¬Û·í¦³¥Îªº¸ê®Æ¡]ÁöµM·|«Ü®e©ö¬Ý¥X§A¤£¬O¥Î Microsoft ªº²£«~¡^¡C</para> + +<para>¦bÁpµ¸ ISP ¤§«e¡A¥´¶}¥»¦aªº«D¦P¨B°O¿ý¥\¯à¡A±µµÛ´Nµ¥³s½u¦A«×·í±¼¡A +³o¥i¯à·|¥Î¨ì¬Û·í¤jªºµwºÐªÅ¶¡¡C³Ì«á±q³s±µ°ðŪ¶iªº¸ê®Æ¥i¯à·|¬Û·í¦³¥Î¡A +¥¦³q±`¬O ASCII ¤å¦r¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦³¥i¯à·|»¡©ú°ÝÃD¥X¦b¨º¸Ì(``Memory fault, +core dumped''?)¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG ISP Ä@·N¨ó§Uªº¸Ü¡AÀ³¸Ó·|¦b¥L̨º¤@ºÝ¤]¥´¶}°O¿ý¥\¯à¡A¨º»ò¦b +¤U¦¸³s½u·í±¼®É¡A´N¥i¥H§i¶D§A¬°¦ó·|¥X°ÝÃD¡C«ÜÅwªï±N¸Ô²Ó¤º®e°e¨ì <ulink URL="mailto:brian@Awfulhak.org">brian@Awfulhak.org</ulink>¡A¬Æ¦Ün +¨D ISP ª½±µ¦V§Ú³sµ¸¡C</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>¦Û¤vªº Ppp ·í±¼¤F</title> + +<para>³o¸Ì¯à°µªº³Ì¦h´N¬O«·s½sĶ ppp¡G¦b Makefile ³Ì«á±¥[¤W +<literal>CFLAGS+=-g</literal> ©M <literal>STRIP=</literal>¡A±µµÛ°µ +<emphasis remap=tt>make clean && make && make install</emphasis>¡C¦b ppp ·í +±¼®É¡A¥ý¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>ps ajxww |fgrep ppp</emphasis> §ä¥X ppp ªº process id¡AµM«á°õ +¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>gdb ppp PID</emphasis>¡C¦b gdb ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¤U¡A¥i¥H¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>bt</emphasis> §ä¥X stack +trace¡C</para> + +<para>±Nµ²ªG°e¨ì <ulink URL="mailto:brian@Awfulhak.org">brian@Awfulhak.org</ulink>.</para> + +</sect3> +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¦b¬Ý¨ì Login OK! ªº°T®§¥H«á´N¨S¦³¤ÏÀ³¤F</title> + +<para>¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ¥H«eªºª©¥»¤W¡A¤@¥¹³s½u«Ø¥ß§¹¦¨¥H«á¡A +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp">ppp</ulink> +·|µ¥¹ï¤èªº¾÷¾¹±Ò°Ê Line Control Protocol (LCP)¡C«Ü¦h ISP ¤£·|¦Û°Ê +±Ò°Ê¡A¦Ó¬Oµ¥«Ý¥Ñ client ºÝ¨Ó±Ò°Ê¡Cn±j¢ <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¥D°Ê±Ò°Ê LCP¡A½Ð +°õ¦æ³oÓ©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set openmode active + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>Note</emphasis>: ³q±`¦pªG¨âÃä³£±Ò°Ê°T®§¥æ´«ªº¸Ü¡A³q±`¤£·|³y¦¨¥ô¦ó°Æ§@ +¥Î¡A©Ò¥H openmode ¥Ø«e¤º©w¬O¥´¶}ªº¡CµM¦Ó¡A¤U¤@¬q±N¸ÑÄÀ¦b¤°»òª¬ªp¤U +³o¼Ë³]©w <emphasis remap=bf>¯uªº</emphasis> ·|³y¦¨°Æ§@¥Î¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>§Ú¤@ª½¬Ý¨ì magic being the same ªº¿ù»~°T®§</title> + +<para>¦³®É´N¦b³s¤W¤§«á¡A¦b°O¿ýÀÉ·|¬Ý¨ì "magic is the same" ªº°T®§¡C³q +±`³o¨Ç¬OµL®`ªº¡A¦³®ÉÔ¬Y¤@ºÝ«h·|Â_½u¡C¤j¦h¼Æªº ppp ¹ê§@µLªk¸Ñ¨M³oÓ +°ÝÃD¡A´Nºâ¦ü¥G³s¤W¤F¡A¦b°O¿ýÀɤ]¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¤@ª½«½Æªº configure request +©M configure acknowledgement ¤§Ãþªº·¾³q°T®§¡Appp ³Ì«á·|©ñ±ó¦ÓÃö±¼³s +½u¡C</para> + +<para>·|µo¥Í³oºØ°ÝÃDªº³q±`±¡ªp¬O¡A¦øªA¾¹¥Î³t«×ºCªºµwºÐ¡B¦b³q°T°ð¤W°õ¦æ +getty¡B¨Ã¥Bµ¥¨ì¨Ï¥ÎªÌµn¤J«á¤~¥Î script ©Îµ{¦¡°õ¦æ ppp¡F¤]¦³Å¥»¡¥Î +slirp ´N¤@©w·|µo¥ÍÃþ¦ü°ÝÃDªº³ø§i¡Cì¦]¬O¦b getty µ²§ô©M ppp ¶}©l°õ¦æ +ªº³o¬q®É¶¡¤º¡Aclient ºÝªº ppp ¶}©l°e¥X Line Control Protocol(LCP) «Ê +¥]¡A¥Ñ©ó¦øªA¾¹³q°T°ðªº ECHO ¤´¦b¥´¶}ª¬ºA¡Aclient ºÝªº ppp ´N·|¬Ý¨ì°e +¥X¥hªº«Ê¥]³Q "¤Ï¼u" ¦^¨Ó¡C</para> + +<para>¦b¥Î LCP ·¾³q®É¡A¦³³¡¥÷¬On³s½u¨âÃä¤À§O«Ø¥ß¦Û¤vªº magic number¡A +¨Ó°»´ú¤ÎÁקK«Ê¥]³Q "¤Ï¼u" ¦^¨Óªºª¬ªp¡C¨ó©w¼Ð·Ç¤¤»¡·í¹ï¤è¸Õ¹Ï¥Î©M¦Û¤v +¬Û¦Pªº magic number ·¾³q®É¡An°eµ¹¹ï¤è¤@Ó NAK ªº°T¸¹¡]ªí¥Ü¤£±µ¨ü¡^¡A +±µµÛ¹ï¤è´N·|¿ï¥t¤@ӼƦr¡C¦ý¦b¦øªA¾¹³q°T°ð ECHO ¤´¥´¶}ªº³o¬q´Á¶¡¡A +client ºÝªº ppp °e¥X LCP «Ê¥]¡A¬Ý¨ì¬Û¦Pªº magic number¡A©ó¬O°e¥X +NAK °T¸¹¡C³oÓ NAK ¤]·|³Q "¤Ï¼u" ¦^¨Ó¡A³Q»~»{¥Ñ¹ï¤è°e¥X¡A¦]¦¹ client +ºÝ·|§ïÅܦۤvªº magic number¡C³o¼Ë magic number ªºÅܰʦ¸¼Æ·|«D±`¦a¦h¡A +¨Ã¥B¤]¥þ³£¦s¦b¹ï¤èªº²×ºÝ¾÷½w½Ä°Ï¤¤¡C·í¦øªA¾¹±Ò°Ê ppp ®É¡A¥¦°¨¤W´N +³Q magic number ªº¤j¶q§ó°Ê©Ò²T¨S¡A¨Ã¥B¡]´X¥G¬O¥ß¨è¡^¨M©w¤w¸g¸Õ°÷¤F +LCP ¦Ó©ñ±ó¡F¦b³o´Á¶¡¡Aclient ºÝÁöµM¦A¤]¬Ý¤£¨ì³Q¤Ï¼uªº«Ê¥]¡A¦ý«o¨Ó±o +¤Î¬Ý¨ì¦øªA¾¹§â¹q¸Ü½u±¾±¼¡C</para> + +<para>¤¹³\Åý¹ï¤è¨Ó§@ LCP ·¾³q¥i¥HÁקK³oºØ±¡§Î¡A¦b ppp.conf ¤¤¥[¤U±³o +¤@¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set openmode passive + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¦æ§i¶D ppp ¥Ñ¹ï¤è¨Ó±Ò°Ê LCP¡A¤£¹L¦³¨Ç¦øªA¾¹¥Ã»·³£¤£·|¥D°Ê·¾³q +¡A¦b³oºØ±¡ªp¤U¡A¥i¥H³o»ò³]©w¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set openmode active 3 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¬On ppp µ¥Ó¤T¬íÄÁ¡AµM«á¦A¶}©l°e LCP ¬ÛÃön¨D¡C¦pªG¹ï¤è¦b³o +¬q®É¶¡°e¥X LCP «Ê¥]¡Appp ´N¤£·|µ¥¨¬¤T¬í¦Ó¥ß¨è¦^À³¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title> LCP ªº·¾³q¤@ª½¨ì³s½uÃö³¬¤~µ²§ô</title> + +<para>¥Ø«e <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¦b¹ê§@¤W¦³Ó·|¥X°ÝÃDªº "¥\¯à"¡A¤£·|±N LCP¡BCCP +& IPCP ³o´XºØ«Ê¥]ªº¦^À³©Mì¥ýn¨D§@¹ï·Ó¡Cµ²ªG¬O¦pªG¦³¤@¤èªº +<emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ±Ò°Ê®É¤ñ¹ï¤èºC¤F¤»¬í¥H¤W¡A¹ï¤è·|¦b¨ä¶¡¦h°e¥X¨âÓ LCP ªº³]©w +n¨D¡A«áªG¬Û·íÄY«¡C</para> + +<para>°²³]¦³¨âºÝ <emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ©M <emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ³£¦b°õ¦æ ppp¡A<emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ¦b³s½u«á¥ß¨è +°e¥X LCP n¨D¡A<emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> «hªá¤F¤C¬í¤~¶}©l¡A©Ò¥H·í <emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ±Ò°Ê®É¡A<emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> +¦¤w°e¥X¤TÓ LCP REQ(request)¡C§Ṳ́]°²³]³s½u¤w±N ECHO Ãö±¼¡A§_«h´N +·|¬Ý¨ì¤WÓ°ÝÃD´£¨ìªº magic number °ÝÃD¡C<emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ±Ò°Ê®É¤]·|°e¥X REQ¡A +¦P®É¹ï <emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> °e¥Xªº²Ä¤@Ó REQ ¦^À³¡A°e¥X ACK(acknowledge)¡CA ¦¬¨ì³o +Ó ACK «á·|¶i¤J <acronym>OPENED</acronym> ª¬ºA¡A¦P®É¤]¹ï <emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ªº²Ä¤@Ó REQ °e¥X +ACK¡C¦ý¦b³o¬q´Á¶¡¡A<emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ·|¬Ý¨ì <emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ¤§«e¦h°e¥Xªº¨âÓ REQ¡A¦]¦Ó¤] +¥H¨âÓ ACK ¦^À³¡C<emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ±µµÛ¬Ý¨ì <emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ¶Ç¨Óªº²Ä¤@Ó ACK¡A¦]¦¹¤]¶i¤J +<acronym>OPENED</acronym> ª¬ºA¡C¦ý³o®É <emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ¦¬¨ì <emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ¦h°eªº¨âÓ ACK¡C®Ú¾Ú +RFC ªº³W©w¡A·|¹ï²Ä¤GÓ ACK °e¥X²Ä¥|Ó REQ ¦Ó¦^¨ì <emphasis remap=bf>REQ-SENT</emphasis> ª¬ºA +¡]¦A«½Æ¤@¦¸ REQ-ACK ªº¹Lµ{¡^¡A¦ý¤@¬Ý¨ì²Ä¤TÓ ACK¡A<emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ¥H¬°¬O +<emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ¦^À³èè°e¥Xªº REQ¡A¤S¶i¤J <acronym>OPENED</acronym> ª¬ºA¡C¦¹®É <emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> ¦¬¨ì +<emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> µo¥Xªº²Ä¥|Ó REQ¡A®Ú¾Ú RFC¡A·|¹ï³oÓ REQ °e¥X ACK¡AµM«á¦A°e¥X +²Ä¤GÓ REQ¡]¤]¬O¦A«½Æ¤@¦¸ REQ-ACK ªº¹Lµ{¡^¡C<emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ¦¬¨ì³oÓ REQ «á +·|¦A«·s°e REQ ¦Ó¦^¨ì <emphasis remap=bf>REQ-SENT</emphasis> ª¬ºA¡A±µµÛ¤S¦¬¨ì ACK ¦Ó¶i¤J +<acronym>OPENED</acronym> ª¬ºA¡C¦]¦¹Âù¤è³£·|¥H¬°¦¬¨ìªº ACK ¬O¹ï¤è¦^À³èè°e¥X¥hªº +REQ¡A³Ì«á <emphasis remap=bf>A</emphasis> ·|¤@ª½¦b <acronym>OPENED</acronym> ©M <emphasis remap=bf>REQ-SENT</emphasis> ¨âºØª¬ºA¶¡¤Á +´«¡A¹ï <emphasis remap=bf>B</emphasis> «h¬O <acronym>OPENED</acronym> ©M <emphasis remap=bf>ACK-SENT</emphasis>¡C</para> + +<para>³oºØ´c©Ê´`Àô·|¤@ª½«ùÄòµÛ¡Aª½¨ì¦³¤@¤èµo²{¦Û¤v¦bì¦a¥´Âà¦Ó©ñ±óÄ~Äò +¤U¥h¡C</para> + +<para>ÁקK³oºØ±¡ªpªº³Ì¦n¤è¦¡¡A¬O±N¬Y¤@ºÝ³]¦¨<emphasis remap=bf>³Q°Ê¼Ò¦¡</emphasis>¡Ð¤]´N¬Oµ¥¥t¤@ +¤è¥ý¶}©l·¾³q¡A¥Î³o¹D©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set openmode passive + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¥Î³oӿﶵ®Én¤p¤ß¡AÀ³¸Ó©M³oÓ©R¥O¤@°_¥Î¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set stopped N + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o·|³]©w <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> µ¥«Ý¹ï¤è¶}©l·¾³qªº®É¶¡¤W¡A¥t¤@Ó¤èªk¬O¥Î¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set openmode active N + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¨ä¤¤ <emphasis remap=bf>N</emphasis> ¬O¦b¥D°Ê·¾³q¤§«e¥ýµ¥«Ýªº¬í¼Æ¡Aman page ¦³§ó¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Ppp ¦b³s½u«á´N¥d¦í¤F</title> + +<para>¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ¤§«eªºª©¥»¡A¦³¥i¯à¦]¬° <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¦b³B²z Predictor1 +À£ÁY®Éµo¥Í¿ù»~¡A¨Ï±o¦b³s½u«á°¨¤W´N¥d¦í¡C¥u¦³·í³s½uÂù¤è³£¸Õ¹Ï¥Î¤£¦P +ºØ Compression Control Protocol(CCP) ·¾³q®É¡A¤~·|µo¥Í³oºØ±¡§Î¡C³oÓ +°ÝÃD¤w¸g¸Ñ¨M¤F¡A¦ý¦pªG¤´¦b¥Îª©ªº <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis>¡A¥i¥H¥Î³oºØ¤èªkÁקK¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> disable pred1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¥Î shell ¸õ¥X Ppp °µ´ú¸Õ®É¡A³s½u¦ü¥G¥d¦í¤F</title> + +<para>¦b¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>shell</emphasis> ©Î <emphasis remap=tt>!</emphasis> ©R¥O®É¡A<emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ·|°õ¦æ shell(<emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> +¤]·|§â§A«ü©wªº°Ñ¼Æ¶Çµ¹ shell)¡APpp ·|µ¥¨ì³o¨Ç©R¥Oµ²§ô«á¤~Ä~Äò¡C¦pªG +¦³¨Ï¥Î¨ì ppp ³s½uªº©R¥O¡A³s½u·|¹³¬O³Qá¦í¤F¡A³o¬O¦]¬° <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¥¿¦b +µ¥³o¨Ç«ü¥Oµ²§ô¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG·Q°õ¦æµ{¦¡¡A¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>!bg</emphasis> ³oÓ©R¥O¡A¥¦·|§âµ{¦¡¥á¨ìI´º°õ¦æ¡Appp +±µµÛ´N¯àÄ~Äò«O«ù³s½u¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¦b null-modem ½u¤W«Ø¥ßªº Ppp ¦n¹³¤£·|¦Û°ÊÂ_½u</title> + +<para>¥Ñ©ó null-modem ¥»¨¥Îªº½u§÷¡A<emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¨S¦³¿ìªk¦Û°Ê¨M©w¬O§_ +¬YÓª½±µ³s½u¤w¸gÂ_±¼¡C·í¨Ï¥Î³oÃþ¤è¦¡ªº³s½u®É¡A¤@©wn¥´¶} LQR¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> enable lqr + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¤º©w¬O·|±µ¨ü LQR¡A¦pªG¹ï¤è¥Î¥¦¨Ó·¾³qªº¸Ü¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¬°¤°»ò ppp ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¤U·|µL½tµL¬G¼½¸¹¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªG <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> «D¹w´Á¦a¼½¸¹¡A´N¥²¶·n§ä¥Xì¦]¡AµM«á³]©w¼½¸¹¹LÂo +¾¹¡]dfilter, Dial filter¡^¨ÓÁקK³oºØ±¡§Î¡C</para> + +<para>n§ä¥Xì¦]¡A¥ý¥Î³oÓ©R¥O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set log +tcp/ip + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¼Ë·|°O¿ý¸g¥Ñ³s½uªº©Ò¦³¸ê®Æ¡C¤U¦¸¦pªG¤SµL¬G¼½¸¹¡A´N¥i¥H±q°O¿ý +®ÇÃ䪺®É¶¡«Ü§Ö§ä¨ìì¦]¡C</para> + +<para>²{¦b¥i¥HÁקK¦]¬°³o¨Çì¦]¼½¸¹¡C³q±`¬O¦b§@ DNS ¬d¸ß®É¤~·|µo¥Í³oºØ +°ÝÃD¡AnÁקK¦] DNS ¬d¸ß¦Ó³s½u¡]³o¼Ë<emphasis remap=bf>¤£·|</emphasis>¨Ï <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¦b³s½uª¬ºA +¤U¾×±¼³o¨Ç«Ê¥]¡^¡A¥Î¤U±³o´X¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set dfilter 1 deny udp src eq 53 + set dfilter 2 deny udp dst eq 53 + set dfilter 3 permit 0/0 0/0 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³oºØ°µªk¨Ã¤£¥Ã»·¾A¥Î¡A¦]¬°¥¦¨Æ¹ê¤W¨Ï±o§AµLªk¥Î demand-dial ¥\¯à +¡Ð ¤j³¡¥÷µ{¦¡¦b°µºô¸ô¬ÛÃö°Ê§@«e³£·|¥Î¨ì DNS ¬d¸ß¡C</para> + +<para>¦b DNS ³oÓ±¡ªp¤U¡AÀ³¸Ó¸ÕµÛ§ä¥X¨ì©³¬O½Ö·Qn¸Ñ¥X¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¡A³q±`´X +¥G³£¬O¥Ñ <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?sendmail">sendmail</ulink> ©Ò³y¦¨¡A©Ò¥Hn¦b sendmail ³]©wÀɤ¤«ü¥Ü¥¦¤£n°µ¥ô¦ó +DNS ¬d¸ß¡C¦b <xref linkend="ispmail" remap="Mail ³]©w">¤¤¦³¸Ô²Ó»¡©ú¦p¦ó§@¥X +¦Û¤vªº³]©wÀÉ¡B¤Î¸Ì±À³¸Ó©ñ¨º¨Ç³]©w¡A§A¤]³\·Qn±N¤U¤@¦æ¥[¤J <filename>.mc</filename> +Àɤ¤¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> define(`confDELIVERY_MODE', `d')dnl + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o·|¨Ï sendmail ¥ý¾×µÛ©Ò¦³«H¥ó¡Aª½¨ì°e«H®É¦A¤@»ô°e¥X¥h¡]³q±` +sendmail °õ¦æ®É¬O¥Î ``-bd -q30m'' ³oӰѼơA§i¶D¥¦¨C¤T¤Q¤ÀÄÁ¤~°e«H¡^ +©Î¬O¦³¤H°õ¦æ ``sendmail -q''¡]¤]³\¥i¥H©ñ¦b ppp.linkup ¸Ì¡^¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>³o¨Ç CCP ¿ù»~°T®§¬O«ü¡H</title> + +<para>§Ú¦b log Àɤ@ª½¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç¿ù»~°T®§¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> CCP: CcpSendConfigReq + CCP: Received Terminate Ack (1) state = Req-Sent (6) + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¬O¦]¬° ppp ¸Õ¹Ï§@ Predictor1 À£ÁY¤è±ªº·¾³q¡A¦ý¹ï¤èªº¾÷¾¹«o§¹ +¥þ¤£¥ÎÀ£ÁY¥\¯à¡C³o¨Ç°T®§¬OµL®`ªº¡A¦ý¦pªG¤£·Q¬Ý¨ì¥¦ªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H§â¥»¦a +ppp ªº Predictor1 À£ÁY¤]¤@°_Ãö±¼¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> disable pred1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¶ÇÀɮ׮ɵo¥Í IO ¿ù»~¡AµM«á Ppp ´N±¾±¼¤F</title> + +<para>¦b FreeBSD 2.2.2 ¤Î¥ý«eªºª©¥»¤¤¡Atun ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¦³Ó°ÝÃD¡A¥¦¤£·| +±µ¦¬¨º¨Ç¤j¹L tun ¤¶± MTU ªº«Ê¥]¡C¦pªG¦¬¨ì¤ñ MTU ¤jªº«Ê¥]¡A¥¦·|¥Î +syslogd °O¿ý¬° IO ¿ù»~¡C</para> + +<para>¦ý ppp ³W®æ¤¤¦³´£¨ì¡A¤£ºÞ LCP ·¾³qªºµ²ªG¦p¦ó¡AMRU ³Ì¤pªº¥i±µ¨ü +È<emphasis remap=bf>¥Ã»·</emphasis>¬O 1500¡C©Ò¥H¦³¥i¯à§A¤£¤p¤ß±N MTU ½Õ§C©ó 1500¡AISP +·|¤£²z¥¦¦Ó°e¥X 1500 ¤j¤pªº«Ê¥]¡AµM«á´N·|IJµo¤Wzªº "¥\¯à"¡C</para> + +<para>¦b FreeBSD 2.2.2 ¤Î¤§«eªºª©¥»¤¤¡A¥Ã»·¤£n±N MTU ½Õ§C©ó 1500¡A´N +¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¬°¤°»ò ppp ¤£·|°O¿ý§Úªº³s½u³t«×¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªGn°O¿ý¹q¸£©M¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¶¡ªº¨C¤@¦æ ``¹ï¸Ü''¡A¥Î¤U¤@¦æ¥´¶}¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set log +connect + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o·|¨Ï <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp">ppp</ulink> °O¿ý©Ò¦³¸ê®Æ¡Aª½¨ì¼½¸¹¦r¦ê³Ì«á¤@Óµ¥«Ýªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¶Ç¦^È +¬°¤î¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG¨Ï¥Î PAP ©Î CHAP (¦]¬°¨S¦³ "set login" ©R¥O¡A©Ò¥H³]©wÀɤ¤ +CONNECT ¤§«á´N¤£·|¬Ý¨ì¥ô¦ó¹ï¸Ü)¡A·Qn¬Ý¨ì³s½u³t«×ªº¸Ü¡A½T©w ppp +µ¥«Ýªº¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¶Ç¦^ȬO CONNECT ³o¤@¾ã¦æ¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 4 \"\" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK ATDT\\T TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT \\c \\n" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¼Ë¦b¬Ý¨ì CONNECT «á¤£·|°e¥X¥ô¦óªF¦è¡A±µµÛ¦Aµ¥Ó´«¦æ¦r¤¸¡A±j +¢ <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> Ū¨ú¦^À³ªº CONNECT ¤@¾ã¦æ¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Ppp ¤£²z·| chat script ¤¤ªº `\' ¦r¤¸</title> + +<para>Ppp ·|¥h¤ÀªR³]©wÀɤ¤ªº¨C¤@¦æ¡A³o¼Ë¥¦¤~·|¥¿½T¸ÑŪ¹³¬O +<emphasis remap=tt>set phone "123 456 789"</emphasis> ªº¦r¦ê¡]§AÀ³¸Óª¾¹D³oӼƦr¥u¬O +<email>¤@Ó</email>°Ñ¼Æ¡A¦pªGn«ü©w ``"'' ³oÓ¦r¤¸¡A¥²¶·¦b¥¦«e±¥Î¤Ï±×½u +(``\'')±N¥¦¸õ¶}¡^¡C</para> + +<para>·í¸ÑĶµ{¦¡¤ÀªR¨CӰѼƮɡA¬°¤F§ä¥X¦r¦ê¤¤©Ò¦³¹³¬O ``\P'' ``\T'' +ªº¸õ²æ¦r¤¸¡]¨£ man page¡^¡A¥²¶·«·s¸ÑĶ¸Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡C¦b³oºØÂù«¤ÀªR¤§¤U¡A +§A¥²¶·°O±o¥Î¥¿½Tªº¸õ²æ¼Æ¥Ø¡C</para> + +<para>°²³]n¹ï¼Æ¾Ú¾÷°e¥X ``\'' ³oÓ¦r¤¸¡AÀ³¸Ó¹³¬O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set dial "\"\" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK AT\\\\X OK" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¼Ë«h·|±o¨ì¤U±³o¦ê¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ATZ + OK + AT\X + OK + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦pªG¬O</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> set phone 1234567 + set dial "\"\" ATZ OK ATDT\\T" + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>«h·|±o¨ì¤U±µ²ªG¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ATZ + OK + ATDT1234567 + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Ppp ¸I¨ì¤F seg-fault¡A¦ý§ä¤£¨ì <filename>ppp.core</filename> ³oÓÀÉ¡H + </title> + +<para>Ppp (©Î¥ô¦óÃþ¦üªºµ{¦¡) À³¸Ó¤£¥i¯à¦³ core dump¡C¥Ñ©ó ppp °õ¦æ®É +ªº effective user id ¬O 0 (§Y¥H root ¨¥÷°õ¦æ)¡A§@·~¨t²Î¦b²×¤î ppp +«e¤£·|¹ïºÏºÐ¼g¥¦ªº core ¬M¹³ÀÉ¡C¦pªG ppp <emphasis remap=bf>¯uªº</emphasis>¦]¬° segmentation +violation ©Î¨ä¥L¤@¯ë·| core dump ªº signal ¦Ó²×¤î¡B<emphasis remap=bf>¨Ã¥B</emphasis>½T©w¥Î +ªº¬O³Ì·sª©¥»(¨£¥»¸`¶}ÀY)¡A¨º»ò§A¥i¥H³o»ò°µ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> $ tar xfz ppp-*.src.tar.gz + $ cd ppp*/ppp + $ echo STRIP= >>Makefile + $ echo CFLAGS+=-g >>Makefile + $ make clean all + $ su + # make install + # chmod 555 /usr/sbin/ppp + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>§A²{¦b¤w¸g¸Ë¤W¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó°£¿ùªº ppp ª©¥»¡A¥Ñ©óÅv¤W¨S¦³§@¯S§O³]©w¡A +©Ò¥H¥²¶·¥H root ¨Ó°õ¦æ ppp¡A¶¶«K¤]nª`·N¬O¦b¨ºÓ¥Ø¿ý°õ¦æªº¡C</para> + +<para>²{¦b¦pªG ppp ¸I¨ì¤F segmentation violation¡A´N·|±N coredump ¦s¦b +ppp.core Àɤ¤¡A±µ¤U¨Ó´N¬O¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> $ su + # gdb /usr/sbin/ppp ppp.core + (gdb) bt + ..... + (gdb) f 0 + ..... + (gdb) i args + ..... + (gdb) l + ..... + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>®Ú¾Ú§Aªº°ÝÃD¨Ó¨ú±o¬ÛÃö¸ê®Æ¡A´N¥i¥H¶EÂ_°ÝÃD¥X¦b¨º¸Ì¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG¼ô±x gdb¡A¤]³\·|·Q§ä¥X¨ä¥Lªº¸Ô²Ó¸ê®Æ¡A¹³¬O¨ºÓ°Ê§@³y¦¨ +dump¡B¤Î¬ÛÃöÅܼƪº¦ì§}¤Î¼Æȵ¥¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title> ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¤U¡A¨Ï ppp ¼½¸¹ªºµ{¦¡¦b³s½u«á«o³s¤£¨ì¥Øªº¦a + </title> + +<para>³o¬O³]©w <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¦V¹ï¤è¨ú±o°ÊºA IP ®Éªº¤wª¾°ÝÃD¡A +¦b³Ì·sª©ªº ppp ¤w¸g¸Ñ¨M¤F ¡Ð ¦b man page ¤¤¥Î <emphasis remap=bf>iface</emphasis> ÃöÁä¦r§ä§ä +¬Ý¡C</para> + +<para>·í¥Î¨ìºô¸ôªºµ{¦¡©I¥s <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?connect">connect(2)</ulink> +®É¡Asocket endpoint ·|³]¦¨ tun ³oӬɱªº IP¡Akernel ±µµÛ²£¥Ín°e¥X +¥hªº²Ä¤@Ó«Ê¥]¡A§â¥¦¶Çµ¹ tun¡A<emphasis remap=bf>Ppp</emphasis> Ū¨ì³oÓ«Ê¥]«á´N·|¶}©l«Ø¥ß³s +½u¡C¦pªG <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¥Îªº¬O°ÊºA¤À°t IP¡A¨º»ò´N·|§ïÅÜ tun ¬É±ªº¦ì§}¡A +ì¥ýªº socket endpoint ´N¦¨¬°¤£¥¿½TªºÈ¡C±µµÛ°e¨ì¹ï¤èªº«Ê¥]³q±`³£·| +³Q¥á±¼¡A´Nºâ¯à¶¶§Q¹F¨ì¹ï¤è¾÷¾¹¡A¥Ñ©ó¸Ó¨Ó·½ IP ¤wµ¹¨ä¥L¤H¨Ï¥Î¡A¥ô¦ó¦^ +À³¤]¤£·|³Q¶Ç¦^¥»¦aªº¾÷¾¹¤W¡C</para> + +<para>²z½×¤W¡A¦³¦n´XºØ¤èªk¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD¡C¦pªG ISP Ä@·N¨C¦¸³£´£¨Ñ¬Û¦P +IP ·íµM¬O³Ì¦n <emphasis remap=tt>:-)</emphasis>¡A¥Ø«eª©¥»ªº <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ·|°µ¨ì³o¤@ÂI¡A¦ý¤j¦h¼Æªº +ppp ¹ê§@¤£·|³o»ò°µ¡C</para> + +<para>±q client ºÝ³Ì®e©öªº¸Ñ¨M¤è¦¡¬O¡A¥Ã»·³£¤£n§ïÅÜ tun ¬É±ªº IP È¡A +¦ý¬O±N©Ò¦³¥X¥hªº«Ê¥]¨Ó·½ IP ±qì¥ýªº tun ¬É± IP §ï¬°³s½u®É¨ú±oªº +IP¡A°ò¥»¤W³o´N¬O³Ì·sª© <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¸Ì <emphasis remap=tt>iface-alias</emphasis> ¿ï¶µªº°µªk¡]¨Ï¥Î +¤F <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?libalias">libalias(3)</ulink> ©M°õ¦æ ppp ®Éªº <option>-alias</option> °Ñ¼Æ¡^¡Ð°O¦í¤§«e©Ò¦³ +¥Î¹Lªº tun ¬É± IP¡A¦A§â¥þ³¡´«¦¨³Ìªñ¤@¦¸®³¨ìªº¦ì§}¡C</para> + +<para>¥t¤@ºØ¤èªk¡]¥i¯à¬O³Ì¥i¾a¡^¬O¼gÓ¥i¥Hקï©Ò¦³ socket endpoint Ȫº +system call¡C·í®³¨ì·sªº IP ®É¡A<emphasis remap=bf>Ppp</emphasis> ´N¥i¥H¥Î¥¦¨Óקï©Ò¦³°õ¦æµ{¦¡ +©Ò«Ø¥ßªº socket¡C·í DHCP client µ{¦¡¹ï socket «·s¨Ï¥Î bind() ®É¡A¤] +¥i¥H¥Î¦P¼Ëªº©I¥s¡C</para> + +<para>ÁÙ¦³¤@Ó¥i¯à«h¬O¤¹³\¤£¥Î IP¡A´N¥i¥H±Ò¥Î¬YÓºô¸ô¬É±¡C°e¥X¥hªº«Ê¥] +¨Ó·½ IP ·|³]¦¨ 255.255.255.255¡Aª½¨ì SIOCAIFADDR ³oÓ ioctl ²Ä¤@¦¸°õ +¦æ§¹¦¨¬°¤î¡C³o¼Ë·|§¹¥þ³sµ² socket ªº¨âºÝ¡A¦Ó¥Ñ <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¨Óקï¨Ó·½ªº +IP È¡A¦ý¥u¦³·íì¨Ó IP ȬO 255.255.255.255 ®É¡B©ÎªÌ IP È©M IP °»¿ù +½X»Ýnקï®É¤~·|¥h§ó°Ê¡C³oºØ¤è¦¡¦³ÂIºâ¬O hack¡A§Y kernel ¥i¥H¹ï¨S³] +©w¦nªº¬É±°e¥XÃa±¼ªº«Ê¥]¡A¦]¬°°²³]·|¦³¨ä¥L¾÷¨î¥i¥H×¥¿³oºØ¿ù»~¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¬°¦óª±¤j¦h¼Æ¹CÀ¸®É¡A³£¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î -alias ³oӰѼơH</title> + +<para>¹CÀ¸©ÎÃþ¦üµ{¦¡¤£¯à©M libalias ·f°t¨Ï¥Îªºì¦]¬O¡A¥~±ªº¾÷¾¹¸ÕµÛ¹ï +µÛ¤º³¡ªº¾÷¾¹¶}±Ò³s½u¡B©Î¡]¤£½Ð¦Û¨Ó¦a¡^°e¥X UDP «Ê¥]¡A¦Ó alias «Ê¥]ªº +³nÅ餣ª¾¹D¥¦À³¸Ó§â³o¨Ç«Ê¥]°e¨ì¸Ì±ªº¾÷¾¹¥h¡C</para> + +<para>¸Ñ¨Mªº¤è¦¡¬O¡A¥ý½T©w²{¦b¥u¦³°õ¦æ¨ºÓ·|¥X°ÝÃDªºµ{¦¡¡AµM«á¦b +gateway ¾÷¾¹¤W¹ï tun ¬É±°õ¦æ tcpdump¡B©Î¦b¤W±¥´¶}°O¿ý tcp/ip ªº¥\ +¯à¡]``set log +tcp/ip''¡^¡C</para> + +<para>¦b±Ò°Ê¥X°ÝÃDªºµ{¦¡®É¡AÀ³¸Ó·|¦b gateway ¾÷¾¹¤W¬Ý¨ì¦³«Ê¥]³q¹L¡A·í¥~ +¬É¦³¶Ç¦^«Ê¥]®É«h·|³Q¥á±¼¡]³o´N¬O°ÝÃD©Ò¦b¡^¡C°O¤U³o¨Ç«Ê¥]n°e¨ì¥Øªº¦a +ªº¨ºÓ°ð¡AµM«áÃö±¼µ{¦¡¡C«½Æ´X¦¸¡A¬Ý¬Ý¬O§_³£n°e¨ì¦P¼Ë©T©wªº°ð¡A¦pªG +¬Oªº¸Ü¡A¦b /etc/ppp/ppp.conf ¬ÛÃö¦ì¸m¥[¤W³o¤@¦æ¡A´N¥i¨Ïµ{¦¡¥¿½T¹B§@¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> alias port proto internalmachine:port port + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¨ä¤¤ ``proto'' ¬O ``tcp'' ©Î ``udp''¡A``internalmachine'' ¬On±µ +¦¬³o¨Ç«Ê¥]ªº¾÷¾¹¡A``port'' «h¬O³o¨Ç«Ê¥]n°e¨ì¨ºÓ°ð¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªGn¦b¨ä¥L¾÷¾¹¤W°õ¦æ¦P¼Ëµ{¦¡¡A¥²¶·«½Æ¦P¼Ë¹Lµ{קï¤W¤@¦æ³]©w¡A +§_«h´N¤£¯à¥¿±`¨Ï¥Î¡F¤]¤£¥i¯à¦b¨â¥x¤º³¡¾÷¾¹¤W¦P®É¨Ï¥Î¡Ð²¦³º¥~¬É¥u¬O§â +³oÓ¤º³¡ºô¸ô¬Ý¦¨¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¦Ó¤w¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG«Ê¥]¤£¤@©w°e¨ì¦P¼Ëªº°ð¡A§A¦³¤TºØ¿ï¾Ü¡G</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>1)</emphasis> ¦b libalias ¥[¤J¹ï¥¦ªº¤ä´©¡A +/usr/src/lib/libalias/alias_*.c ¦³¤@¨Ç ``¯S¨Ò'' ªº¥Ü½d¡]alias_ftp.c +¬OÓ¤£¿ùªºì«¬ÀÉ¡^¡C³q±`¬OŪ¨ú¬Y¨Ç¥i¥H»{±o¥Xªº¥~°e«Ê¥]¡A§ä¥Xn¥~±³s +¨ì¤º³¡¾÷¾¹¬YӰ𪺫ü¥O¡AµM«á¦b alias ªí¤¤³]©w ``route''¡A¥H«á¦A¦¬¨ì +³oºØ«Ê¥]´Nª¾¹Dn©¹¨º¸Ì°e¡C</para> + +<para>³o¬O³Ì§xÃøªº¸Ñªk¡A¦ý¤]¬O³Ì¦nªº¡A¨Ã¥BÁÙ¥i¥H¦b¦h¥x¾÷¾¹¤W¥Î¦P¼Ëµ{¦¡¡C</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>2)</emphasis> ¨Ï¥Î proxy¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¸ÓÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¤]³\¤ä´© socks5¡A©Î¬O +¦³Ó ``passive'' ªº¿ï¶µ¡]¹³¬O ``cvsup''¡^¥i¥HÁקK¹ï¤è¦V¤º³¡¾÷¾¹´£¥X +³s½uªºn¨D¡C</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=bf>3)</emphasis> ¥Î ``alias addr'' §â©Ò¦³¸ê®Æ³£Â൹¤º³¡¾÷¾¹¡A³o¬O³Ì«á +¤~¥Îªº¼É¤Oªk¡C</para> + + +<sect3> +<title>¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì±`¥Î°ðªº¦Cªí¡H</title> + +<para>²{¦bÁÙ¨S¦³¡A¦ý¥i¥H±N³o¨Ç§Ë¦¨¤@Ó¦W³æ¡]¦pªG¦³¤H·P¿³½ìªº¸Ü¡^¡C +¦b¤U±ªº¨Ò¤l¸Ì¡A§â <emphasis remap=tt>internal</emphasis> ´«¦¨ª±¹CÀ¸¨º¥x¾÷¾¹ªº IP¡C</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><emphasis remap=bf>Quake</emphasis> +</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>alias port udp internal:6112 6112</emphasis></para> + +<para>¦pªG·Q¥Î¨ä¥L¤è¦¡¡A<ulink URL="http://www.battle.net/support/proxy/">www.battle.net</ulink> +¦³ Quake ¹ï proxy ¤ä´©ªº»¡©ú¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><emphasis remap=bf>Quake 2</emphasis> +</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>alias port udp internal:27901 27910</emphasis></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><emphasis remap=bf>¬õ¦âĵ§Ù¡]Red Alert¡ +</emphasis> +</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>alias port udp internal:8675 8675</emphasis></para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>alias port udp internal:5009 5009</emphasis></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><emphasis remap=bf>Half Life</emphasis> +</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>alias port udp internal:27005 27015</emphasis></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para><emphasis remap=bf>PCAnywhere 8.0</emphasis> +</para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>alias port udp internal:5632 5632</emphasis></para> + +<para><emphasis remap=tt>alias port tcp internal:5631 5631</emphasis></para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +</sect3> +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¤°»ò¬O FCS ¿ù»~¡H</title> + +<para>FCS ¬O <emphasis remap=bf>F</emphasis>rame <emphasis remap=bf>C</emphasis>heck <emphasis remap=bf>S</emphasis>equence ªºÁY¼g¡C¨C¤@Ó ppp +«Ê¥]³£ªþ¦³°»¿ù½X¨Ó½T©w¦¬¨ìªº¸ê®Æªº½T¬O°e¥Xªº¸ê®Æ¡C¦pªG¶i¨Óªº¬YÓ +«Ê¥] FCS ¤£¥¿½T¡A´N¥á±¼³oÓ«Ê¥]¡B¦A§â HDLC ¸Ìªº FCS p¼Æ¾¹¥[ 1¡C +¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>show hdlc</emphasis> «K¥i¬Ý¨ì HDLC ¸Ìªº¦UºØ¿ù»~p¼ÆÈ¡C</para> + +<para>¤£¨}½u¸ô(©Î«Ê¥]³Q¦ê¦C°ðªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¥á±¼)¦³®ÉÔ´N·|µo¥Í FCS ¿ù»~¡A +ÁöµM¥¦ªº½T·|¤j¤j©ìºCÀ£ÁY¨ó©w¡A¤£¹L³q±`³o¨S¤°»ò¤j¤£¤F¡C¦pªG§A¥Îªº +¬O¥~±µ¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¡A½T©w¦³«OÅ@½u¸ô¤£¨ü¥~¬É¤zÂZ ¡Ð ³o¼Ë»¡¤£©w´N¸Ñ¨M¤F¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG¦b³s¤W®É°¨¤W´Ná¦í¡B¨Ã¥BÁ٬ݨì¤@¤j°ï FCS ¿ù»~ªº¸Ü¡A¦³¥i¯à +¬O¦]¬°§Aªº³s½u¨Ã«D¬O 8 bit clean¡C½T©w¼Æ¾Ú¾÷¤£¬O¥Î³nÅé¬yµ{±±¨î +(XON/XOFF)¡A¦pªG§Aªº³s½u<email>¤@©w</email>n¥Î³nÅé¬yµ{±±¨îªº¸Ü¡A¥Î +<literal>set accmap 0x000a0000</literal> ³o¹D©R¥O§i¶D <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis> ¸õ¹L ^Q +©M ^S ³o¨âÓ¦r¤¸¡C</para> + +<para>¬Ý¨ì¤@¤j°ï FCS ¿ù»~ªº¥t¤@Óì¦]¡A¬O³s½u¥t¤@ºÝ¤£¦A¨Ï¥Î <acronym>PPP</acronym> +·¾³q¡C³o®ÉÔ¤]³\À³¸Ó¥´¶} <emphasis remap=tt>async</emphasis> ªº°O¿ý¥\¯à¡A¨Ó¨M©w¬O§_¶i¨Óªº +¸ê®Æ¨ä¹ê¬O login ©Î shell ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡C¦pªG¥t¤@ºÝ¬O shell ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡A +¥ý°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>close lcp</emphasis>¡B±µµÛ <emphasis remap=tt>term</emphasis> ´N¥i¥H«·s³s±µ¨ì¹ï +¤è¾÷¾¹ªº shell ¤U¡A¦Ó¤£¥Î±¾±¼¹q¸Ü½u¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG°O¿ýÀɸ̨S¦³¥ô¦ó¸ê°T¥i¥H«ü¥Ü³s½u¬°¦óÂ_±¼¡A¨º»ò´N¸Ó°Ý°Ý¥t¤@ +ºÝªººÞ²zû(§Aªº ISP¡H) «ç»ò·|³o¼Ëµ²§ô¡C</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>¨S¦³¤@Ó¤èªk¥i¥H¥Î¡A§Ú§¹³J¤F°Õ¡I</title> + +<para>¦pªG¤W±»¡ªº³£¨S¥Î¡A´NºÉ¥i¯à§ä¥X©Ò¦³¸ê°T¡A³o¥]¬A¤F³]©wÀÉ¡B¦p¦ó +±Ò°Ê <emphasis remap=bf>ppp</emphasis>¡Blog Àɪº¬ÛÃö³¡¥÷¡B³s½u«e«áªº <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?netstat">netstat -rn</ulink> +¿é¥Xµ²ªG¡A§â³o¨Ç°e¨ì <ulink URL="mailto:freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org">freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org</ulink> mailing list ©Î +<ulink URL="news:comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc">comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc</ulink> newsgroup¡A³o¼ËÀ³¸Ó´N·|¦³¤H«üÂI +¥¿½Tªº¤è¦V¡C</para> + +</sect2> +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¨S¦³¿ìªk«Ø¥ß <filename>/dev/ed0</filename> ³oÓ device!</title> + +<para>¦b Berkeley ºô¸ô¬[ºc¤¤, ¥u¦³ kernel µ{¦¡½X¥i¥Hª½±µ¦s¨úºô¸ô¬É±¥d. +½Ð°Ñ¦Ò <filename>/etc/rc.network</filename> ³oÓÀɮשM manual pages ¨ú±o»P¨ä¥L¤£¦Pºô¸ôµ{¦¡ +§ó¶i¤@¨Bªº¸ê°T. ¦pªG§Aı±o§A§¹¥þ·d²V¤Fªº¸Ü, ±zÀ³¸Ó§ä¤@¥»»P¨ä¥L BSD ¬ÛÃö +§@·~¨t²Îºô¸ôºÞ²z¦³Ãö®Ñ¨Ó°Ñ¦Ò; °£¤F¤Ö¼ÆÅãµÛªº¤£¦P¥~, FreeBSD ªººô¸ôºÞ²z +°ò¥»¤W©M SunOS 4.0 ©M Ultrix ¬O¤@¼Ëªº.</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¦p¦ó«Ø¥ß Ethernet aliases?</title> + +<para>§â ``<literal>netmask 0xffffffff</literal>'' ¥[¨ì§Aªº <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ifconfig">ifconfig</ulink> +©R¥O¦C¤¤,¨Ò¦p:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ifconfig ed0 alias 204.141.95.2 netmask 0xffffffff + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¦p¦ó«ü©w§Úªº 3C503 ¨Ï¥Î¨ä¥L¤£¦Pªºªº network port?</title> + +<para>¦pªG±z·Q¨Ï¥Î¨ä¥Lªº port, §A¥²¶·¦b +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ifconfig">ifconfig</ulink> ªº©R¥O¤¤«ü©wÃB¥~ªº°Ñ¼Æ. ¤º©wªº +port ¬O ``<emphasis remap=tt>link0</emphasis>''. n¨Ï¥Î AUI port ¥N´À +BNC port ªº¸Ü, §ï¥Î ``<emphasis remap=tt>link2</emphasis>''. ³o¨Ç flags À³¸Ó§ïÅÜ +ifconfig_* ªºÅܼƨӫü©w,§A¥i¥H¦b³oÓÀɮ׸̱§ä¨ì <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf">/etc/rc.conf</ulink>.</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¦b³s¤W/¿é¥X FreeBSD ªº NFS ®É¥X²{°ÝÃD.</title> + +<para>¬Y¨Ç PC ªººô¸ô¥d¤ñ¨ä¥Lªº¦n(§t»Wªº»¡¨Ó) +³oºØª¬ªp¦b³y¦¨ NFS ³oºØ¹ïºô¸ô±Ó·Pªºµ{¦¡¦³®É·|¥X²{°ÝÃD.</para> + +<para>°Ñ¦Ò <ulink URL="../../handbook/nfs.html">the Handbook entry on NFS</ulink> +¥HÀò±o³oÓ¥DÃDªº§ó¦h¸ê°T.</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à NFS-mount Linux ªº¾÷¾¹?</title> + +<para>¬Y¨Çª©¥»ªº Linux NFS µ{¦¡½X¥u±µ¨ü privileged port ªº mount request +; ¸Õ¥Î³o¦æ«ü¥O¬Ý¬Ý</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> mount -o -P linuxbox:/blah /mnt + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>W¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à NFS-mount Sun ªº¾÷¾¹?</title> + +<para>¶] SunOS 4.X ªº Sun ¤u§@¯¸¥u±µ¨ü¨Ó¦Û privileged port ªº mount request +; ¸Õ¥Î³o¦æ«ü¥O¬Ý¬Ý</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> mount -o -P sunbox:/blah /mnt + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¦b¨Ï¥Î PPP ³s½u¨ì NeXTStep ¾÷¾¹®É¦³°ÝÃD.</title> + +<para>§â TCP extensions ¨ú®ø, ³oÓ³]©w¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf">/etc/rc.conf</ulink> ¸Ì±. +§â¥H¤U³oÓȳ]¦¨ NO:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> tcp_extensions=NO + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>Xylogic ªº Annex ¥D¾÷¤]¦³¬Û¦Pªº°ÝÃD,±zn°µ¬Û¦Pªº×§ï¤~¯à³s¤W +³o¨Ç¥D¾÷.</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç¼Ë¤~¯à§â IP multicast support ¥´¶}?</title> + +<para>Multicast host operations are fully supported in FreeBSD 2.0 and +later by default. ¦pªG±z·Q±N±zªº¥D¾÷³]©w¦¨ multicast router ªº¸Ü, +±z¥²¶·«·s compile ±zªº kernel, ¥[¤J <acronym>MROUTING</acronym> +ªº¿ï¶µ,¨Ã¥B°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>mrouted</emphasis>. ¦pªG±zªº<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> ¸Ì±ªº +<symbol>mrouted_enable</symbol> ³oӰѼƬO³]©w¦¨"YES" ªº¸Ü.FreeBSD 2.2 ¤Î¤§«áªº +ª©¥»·|¦b¶}¾÷®É°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>mrouted</emphasis> .</para> + +<para>MBONE ªº¦UºØ¤u¨ã¥i¥H¦b¥LÌ ports ¤U©ÒÄÝ¥s°µ mbone¥Ø¿ý¤¤§ä¨ì. +¦pªG±z¦b§äµø°T·|ijªº¤u¨ã¦p <emphasis remap=tt>vic</emphasis> ©M <emphasis remap=tt>vat</emphasis> ªº¸Ü, +¨ì¨ºÃä§ä§ä!</para> + +<para>¦pªG»Ýn§ó¶i¤@³¡ªº°T®§,§ä§ä +<ulink URL="http://www.mbone.com/">Mbone Information Web</ulink>.</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>þ¨Çºô¸ô¥d¬O¨Ï¥Î DEC PCI chipset?</title> + +<para>¥H¤U¬O <ulink URL="mailto:gfoster@driver.nsta.org">Glen Foster</ulink>´£¨Ñªº²M³æ:</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> Vendor Model + ---------------------------------------------- + ASUS PCI-L101-TB + Accton ENI1203 + Cogent EM960PCI + Compex ENET32-PCI + D-Link DE-530 + Dayna DP1203, DP2100 + DEC DE435, DE450 + Danpex EN-9400P3 + JCIS Condor JC1260 + Linksys EtherPCI + Mylex LNP101 + SMC EtherPower 10/100 (Model 9332) + SMC EtherPower (Model 8432) + TopWare TE-3500P + Zynx ZX342 + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¬°¤°»òn¥Î FQDN ¤~¯à³s¨ì¨ä¥L¾÷¾¹¡H</title> + +<para>§A¤]³\·|µo²{n³sªº¾÷¾¹¨ä¹ê¬O¦b¥t¤@Óºô°ì¡CÁ|Ó¨Ò¤l¡A°²³]§A¬O¦b +foo.bar.edu ³oÓºô°ì¤¤¡A·Qn³s¨ì¦b bar.edu ¸Ì¤@¥x¥s ``mumble'' ªº +¾÷¾¹¡A«h¥²¶·¥Î Fully-Qualified Domain Name¡A¤]´N¬O +``mumble.bar.edu''¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¥u¥Î ``mumble'' ¨Ó«ü¦V¥¦¡C</para> + +<para>¶Ç²Îªº BSD BIND resolver ¤¹³\¥Î³oºØ¤è¦¡¸Ñ¥X¾÷¾¹ªº¦ì§}¡A¦ý¬O +FreeBSD ¤ºªþ <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?named">bind</ulink> ª©¥» +ªº¤º©w¤è¦¡¡A«h¬O°£¤F§A©Ò¦bªººô°ì¥H¥~¡A¤£¤ä´©¨ä¥L«D FQDN ªºÁY¼g¡C +©Ò¥H¦p <emphasis remap=tt>mumble</emphasis> ³oºØ¤£¦X®æªº¾÷¾¹¦WºÙ¡A¥²¶·¦b +<filename>mumble.foo.bar.edu</filename>¡A§_«h´N·|±qºô°ìªº³Ì©³¼h¶}©l§ä¡C</para> + +<para>³o©M¥ý«eªº°µªk¤£¦P¡A¤]´N¬O¤£¥Î <filename>mumble.bar.edu</filename> ©M +<filename>mumble.edu</filename> Ä~Äò·j´M¡C¬Ý¤@¤U RFC 1535¡A¸Ì±¦³´£¨ì¬°¤°»ò¤§ +«eªº°µªk¤£¦n¡A¬Æ¦Üºâ¬OÓ¦w¥þº|¬}¡C</para> + +<para>³o¸Ì¦³Ó¤£¿ùªº¸Ñªk¡A§â +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?resolv.conf">/etc/resolv.conf</ulink> ¸Ìªº³o¤@¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> domain foo.bar.edu + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>´«¦¨³o¤@¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> search foo.bar.edu bar.edu + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦ý¬On½T©w·j´M¶¶§Ç¤£·|¹H¤Ï RFC 2535 ©Ò¿×ªº ``boundary between local +and public administration''¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>©Ò¦³ºô¸ô°Ê§@³£·|¥X²{ ``Permission denied'' ¿ù»~°T®§</title> + +<para>¦pªG¦b½sĶ kernel ®É¥[¤F <acronym>IPFIREWALL</acronym> ³oӿﶵ¡An¾å±o 2.1.7R +¤º©w¬O©Úµ´©Ò¦³¥¼¸g®Ö㪺ºô¸ô«Ê¥](¦ý¦b¶}µo 2.1-STABLE ®É§ï±¼¤F)¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG¤£¤p¤ß§Ë¿ù¤F firewall ªº³]©w¡A¥H root ¨¥÷°õ¦æ³oÓ©R¥O¡A±µµÛ +ºô¸ô¥\¯à´N·|¥¿±`¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ipfw add 65534 allow all from any to any + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¤]¥i¥H¦b <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> ³] "firewall_type='open'" ³oӿﶵ¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG·Qª¾¹D¦p¦ó³]©w FreeBSD firewall¡A½Ð¬Ý <ulink URL="../../handbook/firewalls.html">Handbook ¬ÛÃö³¡¥÷</ulink>¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>IPFW ·|³y¦¨¦h¤jªººô¸ô©µ¿ð¡H</title> + 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configured'' ³oÓ°T®§¡H + </title> + +<para>¬f§JµÜ«Ê¥]¹LÂo¾¹(Berkeley Packet Filter) <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?bpf">(bpf)</ulink> +¦bµ{¦¡¨Ï¥Î«e¥²¶·¦b kernel ¥´¶}¥¦ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A§â¤U±³o¤@¦æ¥[¤J kernel +³]©wÀɤ¤¡A½sÓ·sªº kernel¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> pseudo-device bpfilter # Berkeley Packet Filter+ </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦b«·s¶}¾÷¤§«á¡AÁÙn°µ¥X device node¡A¦b <filename>/dev</filename> ¤U°õ¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<informalexample> +<screen> # sh MAKEDEV bpf0 </screen> +</informalexample> +</para> + +<para>¦pªG·Qn§ó¶i¤@¨Bª¾¹D¦p¦ó°µ¥X¦UºØ device node¡A½Ð¬Ý <ulink URL="../../handbook/kernelconfig-nodes.html">handbook ¤¤¦³Ãö device node ªº»¡©ú</ulink>¡C</para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="serial"> +<title>Serial ³q°T</title> + +<para>³o¤@³¹¥Dn¬O¦b°Q½× FreeBSD ¤W¦³Ãö serial ³q°Tªº°ÝÃD¡C¦³Ãö PPP ¥H¤Î +SLIP ªº°ÝÃD¬O©ñ¦b <xref linkend="networking" remap="ºô¸ô"> ³o¤@¸`¡C</para> + + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç»òª¾¹D FreeBSD ¬O¤£¬O¦³§ì¨ì§Úªº serial port¡H</title> + +<para>·í FreeBSD ¶}¾÷ªº®ÉÔ¡A¥¦·|®Ú¾Ú±z¦b kernel ¤¤ªº³]©w¨Ó°»´ú±zªº +serial port¡C±z¥i¥H¦b³o¨Ç°T®§¥X²{ªº®ÉÔÀˬd¡A¤]¥i¥H¦b¨t²Î¶}¾÷¤§«á¥Î +¤U±ªº«ü¥O¨ÓÆ[¹î¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> dmesg | grep sio + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¸Ì¦³¤@¨Ç¿é¥Xªº½d¨Ò¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> sio0 at 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 on isa + sio0: type 16550A + sio1 at 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa + sio1: type 16550A + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¥Nªí±z¦³¨âÓ serial port¡C²Ä¤@Ó port ¦û¥Î irq 4¡Aport address ¬O +<literal>0x3f8</literal> ¡A¦Ó¥B¥Îªº¬O 16550A «¬ªº UART ´¹¤ù¡C²Ä¤GÓ port ¥Îªº¬O¦P +«¬ªº´¹¤ù¡A¤£¹L¥¦¦û¥Îªº¬O irq 3 ¡A¥¦ªº port address ¦b <literal>0x2f8</literal> ¡C +¤º±µ¦¡ modem ¥d·|³Q¿ëÃѦ¨¬O serial port -- °ß¤@ªº®t§O´N¬O¸Ó port ¤W +Á`¬O±µ¤W modem ¦Ó¤w¡C</para> + +<para><acronym>GENERIC</acronym> kernel ¤ä´©¨âÓ serial port ¡A¥¦Ìªº³]©wÈ´N¦p¦P¤W±ªº +½d¨Ò¤@¼Ë¡C¦pªG±z¨t²Î¤Wªº³]©w¤£¤@¼Ë¡A©ÎªÌ±z¥t¥~±µ¤F¤º±µ¦¡ modem ¥d¡A +©Î¬O±z¨t²Îªº¹ê»Ú serial port ¼Æ¤ñ±z¦b kernel 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<emphasis remap=tt>cuaaX</emphasis> ¤Wµ¥¥¦ +Åܦ¨ inactive ¡AµM«á¤@ª½µ¥¨ì carrier detect line Åܦ¨ active ¬°¤î¡C +·í±z¶}±Ò <emphasis remap=tt>cuaaX</emphasis> ¸Ë¸m®É¡A¥¦·|¥h½T©w¥Ø«e <emphasis remap=tt>ttydX</emphasis> ¸Ë¸m¬O¤£¬O¥¿ +¦b¨Ï¥Î serial port¡C¦pªG¥¦¥i¥H¥Îªº¸Ü¡A¥¦´N·|§â serial port ±q +<emphasis remap=tt>ttydX</emphasis> ¸Ë¸m¤â¤¤·m¹L¨Ó¡C¦P¼Ëªº¡A<emphasis remap=tt>cuaXX</emphasis> ¸Ë¸m¤£·|¥hºÞ carrier +detect¡C¦³¤F³o¼Ëªº³]p¡A¦A¥[¤W¤@¥x·|¦Û°Ê¦^À³ªº modem¡A±z´N¥i¥H¥O¦P +¤@¥x modem ¥i¥H³Q»·ºÝ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ®³¨Óµn¤J¡A±z¦Û¤v¤]¥i¥H®³¨Ó dialout¡A¨t²Î +·|¦Û°ÊÀˬd¬O§_¦³½Ä¬ðªº²{¶H¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún¦p¦ó±Ò°Ê¹ï serial ¦h°ð¥dªº¤ä´©¡H</title> + +<para>¦P¼Ëªº¡A¦b kernel ³]©w¨º¤@¸`¦³´£¨ì¦³Ãö³]©w kernel ªº¸ê°T¡Cn³]©w¤@ +±i serial ¦h°ð¥d¡A±z¥²»Ý¦b±zªº kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤¬°¨C¤@Ó serial port +³£³]¤@¦æ <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?sio">sio</ulink> ªº³]©w¡C¦ý¬O±z¥u¯à¦b¥¦Ì¤§¤¤¿ï¤@Ó¨Ó³]©w irq ¥H¤Î +vector ¡C¥d¤Wªº©Ò¦³ port ·|¦@¨É¦P¤@Ó irq ¡C¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡§Ú̳£§â¥¦³]¦b³Ì +«á¤@Ó serial port ¤W¡C¤£n§Ñ¤F«ü©w <symbol>COM_MULTIPORT</symbol> ³oÓ +option ¡C</para> + +<para>¤U±¬O¤@Ó§â AST 4-port ¥d ³]¦b irq 7 ªº¨Ò¤l¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> options "COM_MULTIPORT" + device sio4 at isa? port 0x2a0 tty flags 0x781 + device sio5 at isa? port 0x2a8 tty flags 0x781 + device sio6 at isa? port 0x2b0 tty flags 0x781 + device sio7 at isa? port 0x2b8 tty flags 0x781 irq 7 vector siointr + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¸Ìªº flags ³]©w¬O«ü master port ªº minor number ¬O 7 +(<literal>0x700</literal>)¡A¦b°»´ú®É°µÀˬd (<literal>0x080</literal>)¡A¥H¤Î©Ò¦³ªº port ¦@¨É¤@Ó +irq (<literal>0x001</literal>) ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>FreeBSD ¥i¥H±±¨î¦h±i serial ¦h°ð¥d¨Ï¥Î¦P¤@Ó irq ¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>ÁÙ¨S¤ä´©¡C±z¥²»Ý¬°¨C±i¥d³]©w¤£¦Pªº irq ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¥i¥H¬° port ³]©w¹w³]°Ñ¼Æ¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>³q±`±z·|·Q¬°±zªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¶}±Ò <emphasis remap=tt>ttydX</emphasis> (©Î¬O <emphasis remap=tt>cuaaX</emphasis>) ¸Ë¸m¡C·í +¤@Ó process ¶}±Ò¸Ë¸m¥H«á¡A¥¦·|¦³¤@²Õ¹w³]ªº²×ºÝ¾÷ I/O ³]©w¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î +¤U±³oÓ«ü¥O¨ÓÆ[¹î³o¨Ç³]©w</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> stty -a -f /dev/ttyd1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>·í±z§ïÅܤF¬YӸ˸mªº³]©w«á¡A³o¨Ç³]©w·|¤@ª½§@¥Î¡Aª½¨ì³oӸ˸m³QÃö³¬ +¤F¬°¤î¡C·í¥¦³Q«¶}±Ò«á¡A¤S¦^¨ìì¥ýªº¹w³]ȤF¡C¦pªG·Qn§ïÅܹw³]È¡A±z +¥i¥H¶}±Ò¨Ãקï ``ªì©lª¬ºA'' ¸Ë¸mªº³]©w¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±z·Q§ïÅÜ ttyd5 +ªº¹w³]È¡A§â <acronym>CLOCAL</acronym> ¼Ò¦¡¥´¶}¡A8 bits¡A¨Ã¥B¨Ï¥Î +<filename>XON/XOFF</filename> ¬y¶q±±¨î¡A±z¥i¥H³o¼Ë°µ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> stty -f /dev/ttyid5 clocal cs8 ixon ixoff + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>±z¥i¥H¦b <filename>/etc/rc.serial</filename> ¸Ì°µ³o¼Ëªº³]©w¡C²{¦b¨C¤@Ó¶}±Ò +<emphasis remap=tt>ttyd5</emphasis> ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡³£·|¹w³]¨Ï¥Î³o¨Ç³]©w¤F¡C±z¨ÌµM¥i¥H¥Î¦P¼Ëªº¤èªk +¥h§ïÅܳo¨Ç³]©w¡C</para> + +<para>±z¤]¥i¥HÂǥѳ]©w ``Âê©wª¬ºA'' ¸Ë¸m¨Ó¨¾¤î¨ä¥LÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¥h§ó°Ê³o¨Ç³]©w +¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A·Qn§â <emphasis remap=tt>ttyd5</emphasis> ªº³t«×Âê©w¦b 57600 bps¡A±zn³o¼Ë°µ</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> stty -f /dev/ttyld5 57600 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¼Ë¤@¨Ó¡A¨C¤@Ó¶}±Ò <emphasis remap=tt>ttyd5</emphasis> ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡³£¥u¯à¨Ï¥Î 57600 bps ªº³t +«×¤F¡C</para> + +<para>·íµM¡A±z¥²»Ý½T©w±zªºªì©lª¬ºA¥H¤ÎÂê©wª¬ºAªº¸Ë¸m¥u¯à³Q <emphasis remap=tt>root</emphasis> ¼g¤J +¡C<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?MAKEDEV">MAKEDEV</ulink> ³oÓ script ¨Ã <emphasis remap=bf>¤£·|</emphasis> ¦b«Ø¥ß³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m®É¦Û°ÊÀ°±z³] +©w¦n¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç¼Ë¤~¯àÅý modem ±µ¨ü dialup µn¤J©O¡H</title> + +<para>±z¬O¤£¬O·Q·í ISP¡Hº¥ý¡A±zn¦³¤@³¡¥H¤W¥i¥H¦Û°Ê±µÅ¥ªº modem¡C±zªº +modem ¥²¶·n¦³ carrier-detect ªº¥\¯à¡C¥¦¤]n¯à°÷¦b data terminal +ready (<acronym>DTR</acronym>) ¥Ñ¶}ÂରÃö®É«·s³]©w¦Û¤v¡C¥¦©Î³\¤]n¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î +<filename>RTS/CTS</filename> ¬y¶q±±¨î©Î¬O¤£°µ¥ô¦ó¬y¶q±±¨î¡C³Ì«á¡A¥¦¥²¶·¯à°÷¦b¹q +¸£©M¥¦¦Û¤vªº¶Ç¿é¤¤¨Ï¥Î©w³t¡A¦ý¬O¦b¥¦©M»·ºÝ modem ªº³s½u¤è±«hn¦³¨ó +°Ó¶Ç¿é³t«×ªº¯à¤O¡C</para> + +<para>¹ï Hayes «ü¥O¶°¬Û®e modem ¨Ó»¡¡A¤U±ªº«ü¥O·|§â¤W¤@¬q©ÒÁ¿ªº¥þ³¡³]¦n +¨Ã¦s¦b«D´§µo©Ê°O¾ÐÅ餤¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> AT &C1 &D3 &K3 &Q6 S0=1 &W + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¬Ý¬Ý¤U±ªº <xref linkend="direct-at" remap="¶Ç°e AT «ü¥O¶°"> ³o¤@¸`¥i¥H±o +§ó¦h¦³Ãö¦p¦ó¤£§Q¥Î MS-DOS ²×ºÝµ{¦¡¨Ó°µ³o¨Ç³]©wªº¸ê®Æ¡C</para> + +<para>±µ¤U¨Ó¡A¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys">/etc/ttys</ulink> ¬°±zªº modem °µ³]©w¡C¦C¦b³oÓÀɮפ¤ªº¬O©Ò¦³¨t²Î·| +«Ý login ªº ports ¡C¹³¤U±³o¼Ë¥[¤J¤@¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.57600" dialup on insecure + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¤@¦æ«ü¥O²Ä¤GÓ serial port (<filename>/dev/ttyd1</filename>) ¬O¤@Ó¥H 57600 +bps ³t«×¦b¶Ç¿éªº modem¡A¨Ã¥B¤£°µ¦P¦ìÀˬd (<emphasis remap=tt>std.57600</emphasis> ¬O¦b +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?gettytab">/etc/gettytab</ulink> Àɸ̫ü©wªº) ¡C³oÓ port ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¬O +``dialup'' ¡C³oÓ port ³]¦¨ ``on'' ¦Ó¥B¬O ``insecure'' ªº --- ·N«ä¬O +root ¤£¯à±q³o¸Ì³s½u¶i¨Ó¡C±z¥²»Ý¬°¨CÓ dialin port ³£°µÃþ¦ü +<emphasis remap=tt>ttydX</emphasis> ªº³]©w¡C</para> + +<para>³q±`§ÚÌ·|¥Î ``dialup'' ¨Ó°µ¬°²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¡C¦pªG¨Ï¥ÎªÌµn¤J®Éªº±Ò©l«¬ +ºA¬O dialup ªº¸Ü¡A«Ü¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£·|¦b¥L̪º .profile ©Î¬O .login Àɤ¤³] +©w¥L̯u¥¿ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¡C¤W±ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤§ÚÌÁ|ªº¬O insecure ªº¨Ò¤l¡C¦pªG +±z·Qn¦b³oÓ port Åܦ¨ root ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥²¶·¥Î¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¨¥÷µn¤J¡AµM«á +``<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?su">su</ulink>'' +¦¨ <emphasis remap=tt>root</emphasis> ¡C¦pªG±z¥Îªº¬O ``secure'' ªº¸Ü¡A«h <emphasis remap=tt>root</emphasis> ¥i¥Hª½±µµn +¤J¡C</para> + +<para>¦b¹ï <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys">/etc/ttys</ulink> °µ¹Lק蠟«á¡A±z¥²¶·°e¤@Ó hangup ©Î¬O <acronym>HUP</acronym> +ªº signal µ¹ <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?init">init</ulink> process¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> kill -HUP 1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¼Ë·|±j¢ init process ¥h«Åª <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys">/etc/ttys</ulink> ¡C +µM«á init process ´N·|¦b©Ò¦³ªº ``on'' port ¤W«·s±Ò°Ê getty +process ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î¤U¦C«ü¥O¨ÓÀˬd±zªº port ¬O¤£¬O¥i¥H login ¤F</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ps -ax | grep '[t]tyd1' + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>±z·|¨£¨ìÃþ¦ü³o¼Ëªºµ²ªG¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> 747 ?? I 0:00.04 /usr/libexec/getty std.57600 ttyd1 + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç»ò§â dumb terminal ³s¤W FreeBSD¡H</title> + +<para>¦pªG±zn§â§Oªº¹q¸£·í¦¨¬O FreeBSD ªº²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸Ü¡A±z¥u»Ýn¦b¨âªÌªº +serial port ¤§¶¡²o¤@±ø null modem ±Æ½u§Y¥i¡C¦pªG±z¦³¤@Ó¯uªº²×ºÝ¾÷ +ªº¸Ü¡A¬Ý¬Ý¥¦ªº«ü¥O¶°§a¡C</para> + +<para>µM«á¡A¹³¤W¤@Ó°ÝÃD¤@¼Ëקï +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys">/etc/ttys</ulink> ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±z§â¤@Ó WYSE-50 ²×ºÝ¾÷±µ¦b²Ä¤Ó +serial port ¤Wªº¸Ü¡A´Nn¥Î³o¼Ëªº³]©w¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> ttyd4 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wyse50 on secure + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³oÓ¨Ò¤l¥Ü½dªº¬O <filename>/dev/ttyd4</filename> ©Ò¥Nªíªº port ¥Îªº¬O wyse50 ²× +ºÝ¾÷¡A³s½u³t«× 38400 bps¡A¤£¨Ï¥Î¦P¦ìÀˬd (<emphasis remap=tt>std.38400</emphasis> ¬O±q +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?gettytab">/etc/gettytab</ulink> ³]©wªº) ¦Ó¥B <emphasis remap=tt>root</emphasis> ¥i¥H login (secure) ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>tip</emphasis> ¤Î <emphasis remap=tt>cu</emphasis> ©O¡H</title> + +<para>¦b±zªº¨t²Î¤¤¡A<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip">tip</ulink> ©M <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?cu">cu</ulink> «Ü¥i¯à¥u¯à¥Ñ <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?uucp">uucp</ulink> ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©M +<emphasis remap=tt>dialer</emphasis> ¸s²Õ¤~¯à°õ¦æ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>dialer</emphasis> ¸s²Õ¨Ó±±¨î¨ì©³¦³½Ö¥i +¥H¦s¨ú±zªº modem ¥H¤Î»·ºÝ¨t²Î¡C±z¥un§â±z¦Û¤v¥[¨ì dialer ¸s²Õ¤¤´N¥i +¥H¤F¡C</para> + +<para>¥t¥~¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O¡A±z¥i¥HÅý±z¨t²Î¤W©Ò¦³¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥H°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>tip</emphasis> ©M +<emphasis remap=tt>cu</emphasis> ¡A¥un±z</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # chmod 4511 /usr/bin/cu + # chmod 4511 /usr/bin/tip + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>FreeBSD ¤£¤ä´©§Úªº stock Hayes modem --- §Ún«ç»ò¿ì¡H</title> + +<para>¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip">tip</ulink> ªº man page ¤w¸g¹L®É¤F¡C¤@¯ëªº Hayes dialer ¤w¸g¤º«Ø¦b¨t +²Î¤º¡C±z¥un¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote">/etc/remote</ulink> +«ü©w ``<literal>at=hayes</literal>'' ´N¥i¥H¤F¡C</para> + +<para>¥i±¤ªº¬O¡AHayes ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤£°÷Áo©ú¡A¦³¨Ç·s modem ¤Wªº¶i¶¥¥\¯à¥¦µLªk +¿ëÃÑ¥X¨Ó --- ¨Ò¦p <acronym>BUSY</acronym> ¡A<emphasis remap=tt>NO DIALTONE</emphasis> ¡A©Î¬O +<emphasis remap=tt>CONNECT 115200</emphasis> ³oÃþªº°T®§¥¦´N·|·d²V¡C±z¦b¨Ï¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip">tip</ulink> ªº®ÉÔ¥²¶· +§â¥¦ÌÃö±¼ (¥Î <emphasis remap=tt>ATX0&W</emphasis>) ¡C</para> + +<para>ÁÙ¦³¡A<emphasis remap=tt>tip</emphasis> ªº dial ¹O®É®É¶¡¬O 60 ¬í¡C±zªº modem ¥i¯àn³]±o§óµu¡A +§_«h tip ·|»{¬°µo¥Í¤F³q°T¤Wªº°ÝÃD¡C¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý<literal>ATS7=45&W</literal> ¡C</para> + +<para>¨Æ¹ê¤W <emphasis remap=tt>tip</emphasis> ÁÙ¨S¦³§¹¥þ¤ä´©¥¦¡C¸Ñ¨M¤èªk¬O¥hקï +<filename>/usr/src/usr.bin/tip/tip</filename> ¥Ø¿ý¸Ìªº <filename>tipconf.h</filename> ¡C«ÜÅãµM±z +¥²¶·n¦³ì©lµ{¦¡½X¤~¯à³o»ò°µ¡C</para> + +<para>§â ``<emphasis remap=tt>#define HAYES 0</emphasis>'' §ï¦¨ ``<emphasis remap=tt>#define HAYES 1</emphasis>'' ¡CµM«á +``<emphasis remap=tt>make</emphasis>'' ¨Ã ``<emphasis remap=tt>make install</emphasis>'' ¡C¤§«á¤@¤Á³£·|«ì´_¥¿±`¤F¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1 +id="direct-at"> +<title> §Ú¤°»ò®ÉÔnª½±µÁä¤J AT «ü¥O¡H + </title> + +<para>¦b±zªº <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote">/etc/remote</ulink> Àɸ̥[¤@Ó ``<emphasis remap=tt>direct</emphasis>'' ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±zªº +modem ³s±µ¦b²Ä¤@Ó serial port¡A<filename>/dev/cuaa0</filename>¡A«h±zn¥[¤J¤U± +³o¤@¦æ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> cuaa0:dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#19200:pa=none + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¦b br Ä椤³]©w±z modem ©Ò¤ä´©ªº³Ì°ª³t¡C¤§«á¡AÁä¤J <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip">tip cuaa0</ulink> ¤§«á +±z´N³s¤W±zªº modem ¤F¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG±zªº¨t²Î¤W¨S¦³ <filename>/dev/cuaa0</filename> ¡A±z´N¥ý³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # cd /dev + # ./MAKEDEV cuaa0 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>©Î¬O±z¥i¥H¥Î root °õ¦æ cu «ü¥O¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> # cu -l``line'' -s``speed'' + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>³o¸Ìªº line ¬O«ü±zªº serial port (¨Ò¦p <filename>/dev/cuaa0</filename>) ¡Aspeed +¬O«ü±zªº¶Ç¿é³t«× (¨Ò¦p <emphasis remap=tt>57600</emphasis>) ¡C¦pªG±z¤U§¹ AT «ü¥O«á¡AÁä¤J +<emphasis remap=tt>~.</emphasis> ¥i¥HÂ÷¶}¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>pn Ä椤ªº <email>@</email> ¤£¯à¥Î¤F¡I</title> + +<para>¹q¸Ü¸¹½XÄ椤ªº <email>@</email> °O¸¹¬O¥Î¨Ó§i¶D tip ¥h <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?phones(5)">/etc/phones</ulink> §ä¹q¸Ü¸¹½X¡C¦ý¬O <email>@</email> ¦P®É¤]¬O <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote">/etc/remote</ulink> +³oÃþÀɮפ¤ªº¯S®í¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥H¥[¤W¤Ï±×½u¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> pn=\@ + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ún«ç»ò¦b©R¥O¦C¤U¼·¹q¸Ü©O¡H</title> + +<para>¦b±zªº <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote">/etc/remote</ulink> ©ñ¤@Ó ``<emphasis remap=tt>generic</emphasis>''¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> tip115200|Dial any phone number at 115200 bps:\ + :dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#115200:at=hayes:pa=none:du: + tip57600|Dial any phone number at 57600 bps:\ + :dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#57600:at=hayes:pa=none:du: + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á±z´N¥i¥H¹³ ``<command>tip -115200 5551234</command>'' ³o¼Ë¥Î¤F¡C¦pªG±z¤ñ¸û³ß +Åw¥Î <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?cu">cu</ulink> +ªº¸Ü¡A¨Ï¥Î generic cu Äæ¦ì¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> cu115200|Use cu to dial any number at 115200bps:\ + :dv=/dev/cuaa1:br#57600:at=hayes:pa=none:du: + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á¿é¤J ``<command>cu 5551234 -s 115200</command>'' ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>§Ú¨C¦¸¥Îªº®ÉÔ³£n¿é¤J bps ³t«×¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>±z¥i¥H¨Ï¥ÎÃþ¦ü <emphasis remap=tt>tip1200</emphasis> ©Î¬O <emphasis remap=tt>cu1200</emphasis> ªºÄæ¦ì¡A¤£¹L¦b±z¨Ï¥Î¤§ +«e½Ð¥ý½T©w±zªº br Äæ¥i¥H¤ä´©³oÓ³t«×¡C<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip">tip</ulink> »{¬° 1200 +bps ¬O¤@ӫܦnªº¹w³]È¡A³o¤]´N¬O¬°¤°»òn¥s°µ ``<emphasis remap=tt>tip1200</emphasis>'' ªºì¦] +¤F¡C·íµM±z¤]¥i¥H¤£n¥Î 1200 bps ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>³z¹L¤@¥x terminal server ¨Ó¦s¨ú¥D¾÷¡C</title> + +<para>°£¤F¨C¦¸µ¥±z³s¤W server ¨ÃÁä¤J ``<emphasis remap=tt>CONNECT <host></emphasis>'' ¥H¥~¡A +¤ñ¸û¦nªº¤èªk¬O¥Î tip ªº <emphasis remap=tt>cm</emphasis> ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¬Ý¬Ý <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote">/etc/remote</ulink>¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> pain|pain.deep13.com|Forrester's machine:\ + :cm=CONNECT pain\n:tc=deep13: + muffin|muffin.deep13.com|Frank's machine:\ + :cm=CONNECT muffin\n:tc=deep13: + deep13:Gizmonics Institute terminal server:\ + :dv=/dev/cua02:br#38400:at=hayes:du:pa=none:pn=5551234: + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¥i¥HÅý±z¥u¥´ ``<emphasis remap=tt>tip pain</emphasis>'' ©Î¬O ``<emphasis remap=tt>tip muffin</emphasis>'' ´N¥i¥H³s¤W +pain ©Î muffin¡FµM«á ``<emphasis remap=tt>tip deep13</emphasis>'' ¥i¥H³s¤W terminal server¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>tip ¥i¥H¦b¤@¦¸³s½u¤¤¿ï¾Ü¦h¥x¾÷¾¹¶Ü¡H</title> + +<para>³q±`³oÓ°ÝÃDµo¥Í¦b¡G¤@¶¡¤j¾Ç¦³¤@¨Ç modem ¡A¦Ó¥B¦³¤W¤d¦W¾Ç¥Ín¥Î...</para> + +<para>¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote">/etc/remote</ulink> ¸Ì¬°±zªº¤j¾Ç³]¤@ÓÄæ¦ì¡A¨Ã¨Ï¥Î <email>\@</email> §@¬° +¥¦ªº <emphasis remap=tt>pn</emphasis>¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> big-university:\ + :pn=\@:tc=dialout + dialout:\ + :dv=/dev/cuaa3:br#9600:at=courier:du:pa=none: + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á¡A§â¤j¾Çªº¼·±µ¹q¸Ü©ñ¦b <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?phones">/etc/phones</ulink> +¤¤¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> big-university 5551111 + big-university 5551112 + big-university 5551113 + big-university 5551114 + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para><ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip">tip</ulink> +·|¨Ì·Óªí¦Cªº¶¶§Ç¨Ì¦¸À|¸Õ¡A³Ì«á©ñ±ó¡C¦pªG±zn¤@ª½¸Õªº¸Ü¡A±z¥i¥H¦b +while °j°é¸Ì°õ¦æ <emphasis remap=tt>tip</emphasis> ¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¬°¤°»ò§Ú«ö¨â¦¸ CTRL+P¡A¥i¬O«o¥u°e¥X¤F¤@Ó CTRL+P¡H</title> + +<para>CTRL+P ¬O¤º©wªº ``force'' ¦r¤¸¡A¥Î¨Ó§i¶D <ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip">tip</ulink> ¤U¤@Ó¦r¤¸ +¬O¤@¯ë¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥HÂÇ¥Ñ <emphasis remap=tt>~s</emphasis> (¥Nªí ``³]©wÅܼÆ'') §â¨ä¥L¦r¤¸³]¦¨±j +¢¦r¤¸¡C</para> + +<para>Áä¤J ``<literal>~sforce=<single-char></literal>'' «á±±µ¤@Ó newline ¡C +<emphasis remap=tt><single-char></emphasis> ¥i¥H¬O¥ô·N³æ¤@¦r¤¸¡C¦pªG±z¥u¥´ +<emphasis remap=tt><single-char></emphasis> ¡A«h nul ´N³Q³]¦¨¬O force character¡A±z¥i +¥HÂǥѫö CTRL+2 ©Î¬O CTRL+SPACE ¨Ó«ö¥X nul ¡CSHIFT+CTRL+6 ¬O¤@Ó¤£ +¿ùªº <emphasis remap=tt><single-char></emphasis> ¡A§Ú¬Ý¹L¤@¨Ç²×ºÝ¾÷³£¬O³o»ò³]©w¡C</para> + +<para>±z¤]¥i¥H¦b <filename>$HOME/.tiprc</filename> ¤¤³]©w force character¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> force=<single-char> + </literallayout> +</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> 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device) + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>±µµÛ¡A§A¤â¤Wn¦³¾ãÓ CVS repository¡C¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò <ulink URL="../../handbook/synching.html#CVSUP">CVSUP</ulink> ³o½g¤å³¹¡A¦ý¦b +supfile ¤¤§â release ¦WºÙ³]¦¨ cvs¡A¦A§R±¼©Ò¦³ tag ©Î date ªºÄæ¦ì¡A¦p +¤U¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> *default prefix=/home/ncvs + *default base=/a + *default host=cvsup.FreeBSD.org + *default release=cvs + *default delete compress use-rel-suffix + + ## Main Source Tree + src-all + src-eBones + src-secure + + # Other stuff + ports-all + www + doc-all + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á°õ¦æ <command>cvsup -g supfile</command> §â©Ò¦³ªF¦è³£§ì¤U¨Ó...</para> + +<para>³Ì«á¡AµwºÐn¦³¬Û·í¤jªºªÅ¶¡¨Ó°µ release¡C°²³]§A·Q§â¥¦©ñ¦b +<filename>/some/big/filesystem</filename> ³o¸Ì¡A¤W±³oÓ¨Ò¤l¤]§â CVS +repository ©ñ¦b <filename>/home/ncvs</filename> ¤F¡A±µµÛ¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout> setenv CVSROOT /home/ncvs # or export CVSROOT=/home/ncvs + cd /usr/src/release + make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>¾ãÓ release ·|°µ¦b <filename>/some/big/filesystem/release</filename>¡Cµ²§ô +®É <filename>/some/big/filesystem/release/R/ftp</filename> ³oӥؿý¥i¥Hª½±µ¥Î +¨Ó°µ¬° FTP ¦w¸Ë¤è¦¡ªº¨Ó·½¡C¦pªG·Q°µ¥X -current ¥H¥~¤À¤äªº SNAP¡A +¦b¤W± make release ³o¤@¦æ¥[ <literal>RELEASETAG=SOMETAG</literal>¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A +<literal>RELEASETAG=RELENG_2_2</literal> ³oӰѼƷ|°µÓ§Y®Éªº 2.2-STABLE snapshot¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>«ç¼Ë¤~¯à°µ¥X¦Û¤v¥Îªº¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù¡H</title> + +<para>«Ø¥ß¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù¡BÁÙ¦³°µ¥X source/binary archive¡A³£¬O¥Ñ +<filename>/usr/src/release/Makefile</filename> ¸Ì±ªº¦UºØ target ¦Û°Ê²£¥Í¡A³o +ÓÀɮ׸̪º¸ê°TÀ³¸Ó¨¬¥H¶}©l¡C¦ý¬O³oÓ¹Lµ{²o¯A¨ì make world¡A©Ò¥H·| +¥Î¨ì¬Û·í¦hªº®É¶¡©MµwºÐªÅ¶¡¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>``make world'' §âì¨Ó¸Ëªº binary Àɳ£´«±¼¤F¡C</title> + +<para>¨S¿ù¡A´N¬O³o¼Ë¤l¡C¦p¦W¦r©Ò¥Ü¡A``make world'' ·|«·s½sĶ¨t²Î¤º«Ø +ªº¨CÓ binary ÀÉ¡A³o¼Ë¦bµ²§ô®É´N¥i½T©w¦³Ó¤@P¥B°®²bªºÀô¹Ò(©Ò¥Hn 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µoªíÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº®ø®§¡C</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>Ãö©ó©ñ¸m¥Ø¿ý©MÀÉ®× inode §@ªk¤Wªº¬Û²§</title> + +<para>¦b¦^µª¦³Ãö¥Ø¿ý©ñ¸m¤è¦¡¤£¦Pªº°ÝÃD¤W¡A§Ú¦b 1983 ¦~¼g¦n¥Ø«eªº§@ªk +«á´N¨S¦³¦A§ïÅܹL¡A³oºØ¤è¦¡¬O°w¹ïì¥ýªº FFS Àɮרt²Î¡A«á¨Ó¤]¨S +¦³¹ï¥¦§@¥ô¦ó§ó°Ê¡C¥¦¦bÁקK cylinder group ³Q¶ñº¡³o¤è±°µ±o¬Û·í +¦¨¥\¡A¦ý¬O´N¹³¦³¨Ç¤H¤w¸gª`·N¨ì¡A¥¦©M `find' ´N°t¦X±o¤£¤j¦n¡C¤j +³¡¥÷ªºÀɮרt²Î¬O¥Ñ¨º¨Ç¥Î depth first search(aka ftw) ²£¥Íªº +archive »s³y¥X¨Ó¡A¸Ñ¥X¨Óªº¥Ø¿ý inode ·|¾î¸ó¦n´XÓ cylinder +group¡A¦pªG¥H«án°µ depth first search ªº¸Ü¡A³o¬O³ÌÁV¿|ªº±¡ªp¤§ +¤@¡C¦pªG§Ú̪¾¹DÁ`¦@·|²£¥Í¦h¤Ö¥Ø¿ýªº¸Ü¡A¸Ñªk¬O¦b°µ¥ô¦ó¦s¨ú/¼g +¤J°Ê§@¤§«e¡A¦b¨CÓ cylinder group ¤W¥ý³y¥X(©Ò¦³¥Ø¿ý¼Æ/cylinder +greoup ªº¼Æ¥Ø)³o»ò¦hªº¥Ø¿ý¡C«Ü©úÅ㪺¡A§ÚÌ¥²¶·n¦³®Ú¾Ú¦a¥h²q³o +ӼƦr¡A´Nºâ¤@Ó¹³ 10 ªº«Ü¤p©T©w¼Æ¥Ø¤]·|¨Ï®Ä²v¥H¯Å¼Æ¦¨ªø¡C°Ï¤À +restore (§Y¸Ñ¶}¤Wzªº archive) ©M¤@¯ëÀÉ®×¾Þ§@ªº¤èªk¥i¥H¬O(²{¦b +¥Îªººtºâªk¥i¯àn§ó±Ó·P)¡G¦pªG¤@¨Ç¥Ø¿ý(³Ì¦h 10 Ó)³£¦b 10 ¬í¤º²£ +¥Íªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò´N§â³o¨Ç¥Ø¿ý»E¶°¦b¦P¤@Ó cylinder group¡C¤£ºÞ«ç¼Ë¡A +§Úªº¸gÅç«ü¥X³o¬O¤@Ó¤w¸g¥R¥÷¹êÅç¹Lªº³¡¥÷¡C</para> + +<para>Kirk McKusick, September 1998</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¦p¦ó±q kernel panic ±o¨ì³Ì¦h¸ê°T¡H</title> + +<para> +<emphasis>[³o¸`¬O±q <ulink URL="mailto:wpaul@FreeBSD.org">Bill Paul</ulink> +¦b freebsd-current <xref linkend="mailing" remap="mailing list"> ¤Wµoªí +ªº«H¤¤¸`¿ý¡A<ulink URL="mailto:des@FreeBSD.org">Dag-Erling Coïdan Smørgrav</ulink> ×¥¿¤F¥´¦r¿ù»~¡B¦A +¥[¤W¬A©·¸Ìªºª`¸Ñ¡C]</emphasis></para> + +<para> +<literallayout>From: Bill Paul <wpaul@skynet.ctr.columbia.edu> +Subject: Re: the fs fun never stops +To: ben@rosengart.com +Date: Sun, 20 Sep 1998 15:22:50 -0400 (EDT) +Cc: current@FreeBSD.org + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para><emphasis>[<ben@rosengart.com> µoªí¤F¤U±ªº panic °T®§]</emphasis> +<literallayout>> Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode +> fault virtual address = 0x40 +> fault code = supervisor read, page not present +> instruction pointer = 0x8:0xf014a7e5 + ^^^^^^^^^^ +> stack pointer = 0x10:0xf4ed6f24 +> frame pointer = 0x10:0xf4ed6f28 +> code segment = base 0x0, limit 0xfffff, type 0x1b +> = DPL 0, pres 1, def32 1, gran 1 +> processor eflags = interrupt enabled, resume, IOPL = 0 +> current process = 80 (mount) +> interrupt mask = +> trap number = 12 +> panic: page fault + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>·í§A¬Ý¨ì¹³³o¼Ëªº°T®§®É¡A¥u§â¥¦«þ¤@¥÷°e¤W¨Ó¬O¤£°÷ªº¡C§Ú¦b¤W +±¯S¦a¼Ð©úªº instruction pointer Ȭ۷í«n¡A¤£©¯ªº¬O¥¦·|¦]³] +©w¦Ó¤£¦P¡C´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A³oÓÈ·|¸ò§A¥Îªº kernel image ÀɦÓÅÜ°Ê¡C¦p +ªG¬O¥Î¬YÓ snapshot ª©¥»ªº GENERIC kernel¡A¤]³\¨ä¥L¤H¥i¥H°lÂÜ +¨ì¥X°ÝÃDªº¨ç¦¡¡A¦ý¦pªG§A¬O¥Î¦Ûqªº kernel¡A¨º»ò¥u¦³<emphasis>§A</emphasis>¤~¯à +§i¶D§ÚÌ°ÝÃD¥X¦b¨º¸Ì¡C</para> + +<para>n°µªº¨Æ¥]¬A³o¨Ç¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>§â instruction pointer ªºÈ°O¤U¨Ó¡Cª`·N¦b«e±ªº <literal>0x8:</literal> +¦b³oÓ±¡ªp¤¤¨Ã¤£«n¡A§ÚÌnªº¬O <literal>0xf0xxxxxx</literal>¡C +</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>·í¨t²Î«·s¶}¾÷«á¡A°õ¦æ³o¹D©R¥O¡G +<literallayout>% nm /(³y¦¨ panic ªº kernel ÀÉ®×) | grep f0xxxxxx + </literallayout> + +¨ä¤¤ <literal>f0xxxxxx</literal> ´N¬O°O¤U¨Óªº instruction pointer È¡C¦³¥i¯à +¤£·|è¦n§ä¨ì§¹¾ãªº³oÓ¦r¦ê¡A³o¬O¦]¬° kernel symbol table ¸Ìªº¦U +Ó symbol ¥u¬O¨ç¦¡ªº¶i¤JÂI¡A¦ý instruction pointer ©Ò«üªº¦ì§}¦³ +¥i¯à¬O¦b¨ç¦¡¤ºªº¬Y¤@³B¡A¦Ó¤£¤@©w¦b¶}ÀY¡C©Ò¥H¦pªG§ä¤£¨ì¾ãÓ¦r¦ê¡A +¨º»ò§â instruction pointer Ȫº³Ì«á¤@ӼƦr®³±¼¡A¦A¸Õ¤@¦¸¡G + +<literallayout>% nm /kernel.that.caused.the.panic | grep f0xxxxx + </literallayout> + +¦pªG³o¼Ë¤]§ä¤£¨ì¡A¨º´N§â¥t¤@ӼƦr¥h±¼¦A§ä¡A¤@ª½«½Æ¨ì§ä¨ì¬°¤î¡A +µ²ªG¬O¤@¦ê¥i¯à³y¦¨ panic ªº¨ç¦¡¦Cªí¡C³o¼Ë¤ñª½±µ§ä¨ì¥X°ÝÃDªº¨ç¦¡ +¨Ó±o®t¡A¦ý¦Ü¤Ö¦n¹L¤°»ò³£¨S¦³¡C</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para>§Ú±`±`¬Ý¨ì¤HÌÅã¥Ü¤@¤j¤ù panic °T®§¡A¦ý«Ü¤Ö¬Ý¨ì¦³¤Hªá¤@ÂI®É¶¡ +§â instruction pointer ©M kernel symbol table ¤¤ªº¨ç¦¡¤ñ¸û¤@¤U¡C</para> + +<para>n°lÂÜ¥X³y¦¨ panic ì¦]ªº³Ì¦n¤èªk¬O¥ý°µ¥X crash dump¡AµM«á¥Î +<command>gdb(1)</command> ¦b¤W±°µ stack trace¡C·íµM¡A³on¾a -current ¤¤ªº +<command>gdb(1)</command> ¯à¹B§@¥¿±`¡AµM¦Ó§ÚµLªk«OÃÒ³o¤@ÂI¡C(°O±o¦³¤H»¡ ELF ªº +<command>gdb(1)</command> ¦b kernel ªº crash dump ¤W¤£¯à¥¿±`¾Þ§@¡A¦b 3.0 ²æÂ÷ +BETA ¶¥¬q®É³Ì¦n¦³¤H¥ýÀˬd³o¤è±ªºª¬ªp¡A§K±o«Ü¦h¤H¦b¦¬¨ì 3.0 ¥úºÐ +«áµÈ¬õ¤FÁy¡C)</para> + +<para>¤£ºÞ¬O¨º¤@ºØ¡A§Ú³q±`¬O¥Î³oÓ¤èªk¡G</para> + +<para> +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> +<para>¼g¦n kernel ³]©wÀÉ¡C¦pªG§A»Ýn¥Î kernel debugger¡A¦b³]©w +Àɤ¤¥[¤W `options DDB' ³oӿﶵ¡C(·í§ÚÃhºÃ¦³¥X²{µL½a°j°é®É¡A³q +±`·|¥Î³oÓ¨Ó³]©w¤¤Â_ÂI¡C)</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>¥Î <command>config -g KERNELCONFIG</command> °µ¥X¥Î¨Ó½sĶªº¥Ø¿ý</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><command>cd /sys/compile/KERNELCONFIG; make</command></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>µ¥ kernel ½sĶ¥X¨Ó</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><emphasis remap=tt>cp kernel kernel.debug</emphasis></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><command>strip -d kernel</command></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><emphasis remap=tt>mv </emphasis>kernel /kernel.orig/</para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para><command>cp kernel /</command></para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> +<para>«·s¶}¾÷</para> +</listitem> + +</itemizedlist> +</para> + +<para> <emphasis>[ª`·N¡G²{¦b FreeBSD 3.x kernel ¤º©w¬O ELF ®æ¦¡¡A©Ò¥HÀ³¸Ó +¥Î <command>strip -g</command> ¦Ó¤£¬O <command>strip -d</command>¡C¦pªG§Aªº kernel ¦]¬YºØì +¦]¤´¬O a.out ®æ¦¡ªº¸Ü¡A«h¥Î <command>strip -aout -d</command>¡C]</emphasis></para> + +<para>ª`·N§A<emphasis>¤£·|</emphasis>¯uªº¥Î¥]¬A©Ò¦³ debug symbol ªº kernel ¨Ó¶}¾÷¡A +¥Î <option>-g</option> ½sĶ¥X¨Óªº kernel ¤j¤p«Ü®e©ö´N¶W¹L 10MB¡C¤£»Ýn¥Î³o»ò +¤jªº kernel ¶}¾÷¡A±ß¤@ÂI <command>gdb(1)</command> ¤~·|»Ýn¥¦(<command>gdb(1)</command> ·|¥Î +¨ì¸Ì±ªº symbol table)¡C©Ò¥H§Ṳ́~·|§â§¹¾ãªº kernel ½Æ»s¤@¥÷¡A±µ +µÛ¥Î <command>strip -d</command> §R±¼ debug symbol¡A°µ¥X²Ä¤GÓ kernel¡A³oÓ¤~¯u +¥¿®³¨Ó¶}¾÷¡C</para> + +<para>n½T©w¯à§ì¨ì crash dump¡A¥ý½s¿è <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>¡A±N +<emphasis remap=tt>dumpdev</emphasis> «ü¨ì swap ¤À³Î°Ï¡C³o¼Ë <command>rc(8)</command> ·|¥Î <command>dumpon(8)</command> +¨Ó±Ò°Ê crash dump¡A§A¤]¥i¥H¤â°Ê¥Î <command>dumpon(8)</command>¡C¦b panic ¤§«á¡A +crash dump ¥i¥H¥Î <command>savecore(8)</command> ¦s°_¨Ó¡F¦pªG <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> +¸Ì¦³³] <emphasis remap=tt>dumpdev</emphasis>¡A¨º»ò«·s¶}¾÷«á <command>rc(8)</command> ·|¦Û°Ê°õ¦æ +<command>savecore(8)</command> §â crash dump ¦s¦b <filename>/var/crash</filename>¡C</para> + +<para>ª`·N¡GFreeBSD ªº crash dump ³q±`©M¾÷¾¹¸Ìªº¹ê»Ú°O¾ÐÅé¤@¼Ë¤j¡A +´N¹³¦pªG¦³ 64MB °O¾ÐÅé¡Acrash dump ¤j¤p´N¬O 64MB¡C©Ò¥Hn½T©w +<filename>/var/crash</filename> ¤U¦³¨¬°÷ªºªÅ¶¡¡A©Î¬O¥i¥H¤â°Ê°õ¦æ <command>savecore(8)</command> +§â crash dump ©ñ¨ì¥t¤@ӪŶ¡¸û°÷ªº¥Ø¿ý¤U¡C¥t¤@ºØ¤]³\¥i¥H¨î crash +dump ªº¤èªk¡A¬O¦b kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤¥Î <literal>options MAXMEM=(foo)</literal>¡A +±N kernel ¥i¥Îªº°O¾ÐÅé¨î¦b¦X²zªº¤j¤p¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG§A¦³ 128MB +ªº°O¾ÐÅé¡A¦ý¬O¥i¥H¨î kernel ¥u¯à¥Î 16MB ªº°O¾ÐÅé¡A³o¼Ë crash +dump ´N¬O 16MB ¦Ó¤£¬O 128MB ¤F¡C</para> + +<para>¤@¥¹µo²{¦³¤F crash dump¡A´N¥i¥H¥Î <command>gdb(1)</command> ¨Ó°µ stack trace +¡A¦p¤U©Ò¥Ü¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>% gdb -k /sys/compile/KERNELCONFIG/kernel.debug /var/crash/vmcore.0 +(gdb) where + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>nª`·N¥i¯à·|¥X²{¦n´Xӿùõªº¥i¥Î¸ê°T¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î <command>script(1)</command> +§â©Ò¦³¿é¥X³£¦s°_¨Ó¡C¥Î¥]¬A©Ò¦³ debug symbol ªº kernel ¨Ó°£¿ù¡A +³o¼ËÀ³¸Ó¥i¥Hª½±µÅã¥Ü panic ¬Oµo¥Í¦b¨º¤@¦æ¡C³q±`¬O¥Ñ¤U©¹¤WŪ stack +strace¡A³o¼Ë¤~¯à¤@ÓÓ°lÂÜ¥X¦³¨º¨Ç°Ê§@¤Þ¨ì crash¡C¤]¥i¥H¥Î +<command>gdb(1)</command> §â¦UºØÅܼƩε²ºcªº¤º®e¦L¥X¨Ó¡A¥HÀˬd¨t²Î crash ®Éªº +¹ê»Úª¬ºA¡C</para> + +<para>¦n°Õ¡A¦pªG§A¦³²Ä¤G¥x¹q¸£¦Ó¥B¦³°÷ºÆ¨g¡A¥i¥H±N <command>gdb(1)</command> ³]©w +¦¨»·ºÝ°£¿ù¡C³o¼Ë§A¥i¥H¦b¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¤¤¥Î <command>gdb(1)</command> ¥h°£¿ù¥t¤@¥x¸Ìªº +kernel¡A¥i¥H°õ¦æªº¥]¬A³]©w¤¤Â_ÂI¡B¦b kernel ì©l½X¤¤¤@¨B¨B°õ¦æµ¥ +µ¥¡A´N¹³¦b¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌµ{¦¡¤W°£¿ù¤@¼Ë¡C¥Ñ©ó¨S¦³¤°»ò¾÷·|¬°°£¿ù¦Ó³]¸m +¨â¥x¨Ã¾F¹q¸£¡A©Ò¥H§ÚÁÙ¨S¦³³o¼Ëª±¹L¡C</para> + +<para><emphasis>[Bill ªþª`¡G§Ú§Ñ¤F´£¨ì¤@ÂI¡G¦pªG§A¦³±Ò°Ê DDB ¦Ó kernel ¤] +¤w¸g¶i¤J°£¿ù¾¹¡A¥i¥H¦b DDB ©R¥O¦C¤U¥´ `panic'¡A±j¢²£¥Í panic(ÁÙ +¦³ crash dump)¡C¤]¦³¥i¯à¦b panic ¶¥¬q®É¦A¶i¤J°£¿ù¾¹¡A¦pªG³o¼Ëªº¸Ü +¡A¿é¤J `continue'¡A±µµÛ¥¦´N·|§¹¦¨ crash dump¡C -ed]</emphasis></para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>dlsym() ¹ï ELF °õ¦æÀɤ£¯à¥Î!</title> + +<para>¦b ELF ¤@¨t¦Cªº¤u¨ã¤¤¡A¤º©w¬O¤£·|Åý dynamic linker ¬Ý¨ì°õ¦æÀÉ +¸Ì©w¸q¤F¨º¨Ç symbol¡C©Ò¥H <function>dlsym()</function> ¨S¦³¿ìªk¥ÎÂǥѩI¥s +<emphasis remap=tt>dlopen(NULL, flags)</emphasis> ¨ú±oªº handle¡A¥Î¥¦¥h·j´M¦³¨º¨Ç +symbol ¤@©w·|¥¢±Ñ¡C</para> + +<para>¦pªG§A·Qn¥Î <function>dlsym()</function> §ä¥X¬YÓ process ªº¥D°õ¦æÀɤ¤ +¦³¨º¨Ç symbol¡A«hn¦b link ®É¹ï +<ulink URL="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?ld">ELF linker</ulink> ¥[¤W <option>-export-dynamic</option> ³oӰѼơC</para> + +</sect1> + +<sect1> +<title>¼W¥[©Î´î¤Ö kernel ¯à©w§}ªºªÅ¶¡</title> + +<para>¨t²Îªº¤º©w¬O¡AFreeBSD 3.x kernel ¯à©w§}¨ì 256 MB¡A4.x «h¬O +1 GB¡C¦pªG¬Oºô¸ôt²ü¬Û·í«ªº¦øªA¾¹(´N¹³¤j«¬ FTP ©Î HTTP ¦øªA¾¹)¡A +256 MB ¥i¯à·|¤£¤j°÷¡C</para> + +<para>n«ç»ò¼W¥[©w§}ªÅ¶¡©O? n±q¨â¤è±µÛ¤â¡Cº¥ý§i¶D kernel ¥»¨n +«O¯d¸û¤jªÅ¶¡; ¨ä¦¸¡A¬JµM¬O¦b©w§}ªÅ¶¡ªº³Ì¤W±¸ü¤J kernel¡A©Ò¥HÁÙ +n½Õ§C¸ü¤Jªº¦ì§}¡A§_«h´N·|¶W¹L©w§}½d³ò¡C</para> + +<para>¼W¥[ <filename>src/sys/i386/include/pmap.h</filename> ¸Ìªº <acronym>NKPDE</acronym> È +«K¥i¹F¦¨²Ä¤@ӥؼСC1 GB ªº©w§}ªÅ¶¡·|¹³³o¼Ë¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>#ifndef NKPDE +#ifdef SMP +#define NKPDE 254 /* addressable number of page tables/pde's */ +#else +#define NKPDE 255 /* addressable number of page tables/pde's */ +#endif /* SMP */ +#endif + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>nºâ¥X <acronym>NKPDE</acronym> ªº¥¿½TÈ¡A±N·QnªºªÅ¶¡¤j¤p(¥H megabyte ¬°³æ +¦ì)°£¥H 4¡A±µµÛ³æ CPU ¾÷¾¹´î 1¡AÂù CPU «h¬O´î 2¡C</para> + +<para>n¸Ñ¨M²Ä¤GÓ°ÝÃD¡A¥²¶·¦Û¦æºâ¥X kernel ³Q¸ü¤Jªº¦ì§}¡G¨D¥X +0x100100000 ´î±¼©w§}ªÅ¶¡¤j¤pªºÈ(¥H byte ¬°³æ¦ì)¡A¦p 1 GB ¤j¤p´N +¬O 0xc0100000¡C§â <filename>src/sys/i386/conf/Makefile.i386</filename> ¸Ìªº +<symbol>LOAD_ADDRESS</symbol> ³]¦¨³oÓÈ¡A±µµÛ¦b +<filename>src/sys/i386/conf/kernel.script</filename> ¤¤¡A±N section ¦Cªí³Ì«e±ªº +location counter ³]¦¨¬Û¦PªºÈ¡A¦p¤U¡G</para> + +<para> +<literallayout>OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-i386", "elf32-i386", "elf32-i386") +OUTPUT_ARCH(i386) +ENTRY(btext) +SEARCH_DIR(/usr/lib); SEARCH_DIR(/usr/obj/elf/home/src/tmp/usr/i386-unknown-freebsdelf/lib); +SECTIONS +{ + /* Read-only sections, merged into text segment: */ + . = 0xc0100000 + SIZEOF_HEADERS; + .interp : { *(.interp) } + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para>µM«á«·s config ©M°µ¥X·sªº kernel¡C¦b°õ¦æ¹³ <command>ps(1)</command>¡B +<command>top(1)</command> ³oÃþµ{¦¡®É¥i¯à·|¸I¨ì°ÝÃD¡A°µ¤@¦¸ <emphasis remap=tt>make world</emphasis> +À³¸Ó´N¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M(©Î§â§ï¹Lªº <filename>pmap.h</filename> «þ¨ì <filename>/usr/include/vm/</filename> +¤U¡A¦A¤â°Ê½sĶ <emphasis remap=tt>libkvm</emphasis>¡B<emphasis remap=tt>ps</emphasis> ©M <emphasis remap=tt>top</emphasis>)¡C</para> + +<para>ª`·N¡Gkernel ©Ò¯à©w§}ªºªÅ¶¡¤j¤p¥²¶·¬O 4 megabytes ªº¿¼Æ¡C</para> + +<para>[<ulink URL="mailto:dg@FreeBSD.org">David Greenman</ulink> ¥[¤W +³o¤@¬q¡G<emphasis>§Ú»{¬° kernel ©w§}ªÅ¶¡¤j¤pÀ³¸Ó¬O 2 ªº¼¾¡A¦ý¤£¤j½T +©w³o¤@ÂI¡Cªº±Ò°Êµ{¦¡·|°Ê¨ì high order address bits¡A°O±o¥¦°²³] +¦Ü¤Ö¦³ 256 MB¡C]</emphasis></para> + +</sect1> +</chapter> + +<chapter +id="acknowledgments"> +<title>·PÁÂ</title> + +<para> +<literallayout> °²¦p±z¦b³o¥÷ FAQ ¤¤§ä¨ì¿ù»~ªº¦a¤è¡A©Î¬O±z·Q¼W¥[¨Ç¬Æ»ò¡A + ½Ð¼g«Ê«H¨ì <FAQ@FreeBSD.org>¡C§ÚÌ«D±`·PÁ±zªº«Øij¡A + ¦]¬°±zªº«ØijÅý³o¥÷¤å¥óÅܱo§ó¦n¡I + + + FreeBSD Core Team + </literallayout> +</para> + +<para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry><term>Jordan Hubbard</term> +<listitem> +<para>¤£°±ªº§ó·s¹L®Éªº FAQ</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>Doug White</term> + +<listitem> +<para>¸g±`¦b freebsd-questions ¤W¦^µª°ÝÃD</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>Joerg Wunsch</term> + +<listitem> +<para>¸g±`¦b Usenet ¤W¦^µª°ÝÃD</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>Garrett Wollman</term> + +<listitem> +<para>Networking and formatting</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>Jim Lowe</term> + +<listitem> +<para>Multicast information</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>Peter da Silva</term> + +<listitem> +<para>FreeBSD FAQ ³o¥÷¤å¥óªº¥´¦rW¤u</para> + +<para></para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry><term>The FreeBSD Team</term> + +<listitem> +<para>Kvetching¡Amoaning¡Asubmitting data</para> + +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</para> + +<para>¹ï©ó¨º¨Ç´¿¸g¹ï³o¥÷ FAQ ´£¨ÑÀ°§U¡A¦Ó§Ų́S´£¨ìªº¤HÌ¡A§Ú̥ѰJªº·PÁ±z¡I</para> + +</chapter> +</book> |