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Diffstat (limited to 'zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml')
| -rw-r--r-- | zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml | 296 |
1 files changed, 8 insertions, 288 deletions
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml index 874ef49286..7478898136 100644 --- a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml +++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml @@ -483,11 +483,9 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE</screen> &os; &rel.current;-RELEASE ，那麼可以到 <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/&rel.current;-RELEASE/floppies/"></ulink> 下載。</para> <para>映像檔(images)的附檔名都是 <filename>.flp</filename> 。而 - <filename>floppies/</filename> 目錄內包含一些不同用途的映像檔(images)，這取決於您要裝的 FreeBSD 版本、需求、硬體配備為何。 - 若要裝的是 - FreeBSD 4.X 那麼通常只需要 2 個映像檔，也就是 <filename>kern.flp</filename> 與 - <filename>mfsroot.flp</filename>。而若要裝的是 FreeBSD 5.X - ，那麼通常要 3 個映像檔，也就是： <filename>boot.flp</filename>、 + <filename>floppies/</filename> 目錄內包含一些不同用途的映像檔(images)， + 這取決於您要裝的 FreeBSD 版本、需求、硬體配備為何。 + 通常要 3 個映像檔，也就是： <filename>boot.flp</filename>、 <filename>kern1.flp</filename>、 <filename>kern2.flp</filename>。若有疑問的話，請翻閱同一目錄下的 <filename>README.TXT</filename> 文件檔，以瞭解相關最新注意事項。</para> @@ -677,8 +675,7 @@ Please insert MFS root floppy and press enter:</screen> <screen>Hit [Enter] to boot immediately, or any other key for command prompt. Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _</screen> - <para>您可以等待 10 秒，或是按 <keycap>Enter</keycap> 鍵。 - (若是 &os; 4.X 的話，則將出現 kernel configuration 選單畫面)</para> + <para>您可以等待 10 秒，或是按 <keycap>Enter</keycap> 鍵。</para> </step> </procedure> @@ -732,277 +729,6 @@ Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _</screen> </sect2> - <sect2 id="start-userconfig"> - <title>Kernel 的設定</title> - - <note><para>從 FreeBSD 5.0 版開始，改用新的 &man.device.hints.5; 方式，而淘汰舊的 userconfig 方式。 - 關於 &man.device.hints.5; 機制的細節介紹，請參閱 <xref linkend="device-hints">。</para></note> - - <para><firstterm>kernel</firstterm> 乃是作業系統中的核心，負責許多事情，像是：控制系統上所有設備，比如硬碟、網路卡、音效卡等。 - 每項 FreeBSD 所支援的硬體都有相對應的驅動程式。 - 每個驅動程式名稱都有 2 到 3 個字母所組成，像是 <devicename>sa</devicename> 代表 SCSI 驅動程式，而 - <devicename>sio</devicename> 代表 Serial I/O 驅動程式(管 COM ports 用的)。</para> - - <para>當 kernel 開始啟動時，每個驅動程式就會去檢查系統上是否有支援的硬體存在， - 若有的話，驅動程式就會作相關硬體設定，以便讓 kernel 使用該硬體。</para> - - <para>上述的檢查動作，我們稱為 <firstterm>device probing(偵測硬體)</firstterm>。 - 但是，這樣子的方式並不是永遠都那麼順利。 - 有些硬體驅動程式無法同時共存，而有時候偵測某硬體時，又會造成另一硬體不穩出槌。 - 這問題，乃是由於 <acronym>PC</acronym> 本身設計上天生的限制所致。</para> - - <para>Many older devices are called ISA devices—as opposed - to PCI devices. The ISA specification requires each device to have - some information hard coded into it, typically the Interrupt Request - Line number (IRQ) and IO port address that the driver uses. This - information is commonly set by using physical - <firstterm>jumpers</firstterm> on the card, or by using a DOS based - utility.</para> - - <para>This was often a source of problems, because it was not possible - to have two devices that shared the same IRQ or port address.</para> - - <para>Newer devices follow the PCI specification, which does not require - this, as the devices are supposed to cooperate with the BIOS, and are - told which IRQ and IO port addresses to use.</para> - - <para>If you have any ISA devices in your computer then FreeBSD's - driver for that device will need to be configured with the IRQ and - port address that you have set the card to. This is why carrying out - an inventory of your hardware (see <xref - linkend="install-inventory">) can be useful.</para> - - <para>Unfortunately, the default IRQs and memory ports used by some - drivers clash. This is because some ISA devices are shipped with IRQs - or memory ports that clash. The defaults in FreeBSD's drivers are - deliberately set to mirror the manufacturer's defaults, so that, out - of the box, as many devices as possible will work.</para> - - <para>This is almost never an issue when running FreeBSD day-to-day. - Your computer will not normally contain two pieces of hardware that - clash, because one of them would not work (irrespective of the - operating system you are using).</para> - - <para>It becomes an issue when you are installing FreeBSD for the first - time because the kernel used to carry out the install has to contain - as many drivers as possible, so that many different hardware - configurations can be supported. This means that some of - those drivers will have conflicting configurations. The devices are - probed in a strict order, and if you own a device that is probed late - in the process, but conflicted with an earlier probe, then your - hardware might not function or be probed correctly when you install - FreeBSD.</para> - - <para>Because of this, the first thing you have the opportunity to do - when installing FreeBSD is look at the list of drivers that are - configured into the kernel, and either disable some of them, if you - do not own that device, or confirm (and alter) the driver's - configuration if you do own the device but the defaults are - wrong.</para> - - <para>This probably sounds much more complicated than it actually - is.</para> - - <para><xref linkend="kernel-config"> shows the first kernel - configuration menu. We recommend that you choose the - <guimenuitem>Start kernel configuration in full-screen visual - mode</guimenuitem> option, as it presents the easiest interface for - the new user.</para> - - <figure id="kernel-config"> - <title>Kernel 設定畫面</title> - - <mediaobject> - <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="install/userconfig" format="PNG"> - </imageobject> - - <textobject> - <screen>&txt.install.userconfig;</screen> - </textobject> - </mediaobject> - </figure> - - <para>The kernel configuration screen (<xref linkend="fig-userconfig">) - is then divided into four sections:</para> - - <orderedlist> - <listitem> - <para>A collapsible list of all the drivers that are currently - marked as <quote>active</quote>, subdivided into groups such as - <literal>Storage</literal>, and <literal>Network</literal>. Each - driver is shown as a description, its two or three letter driver - name, and the IRQ and memory port used by that driver. In - addition, if an active driver conflicts with another active driver - then <literal>CONF</literal> is shown next to the driver name. - This section also shows the total number of conflicting drivers - that are currently active.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>Drivers that have been marked inactive. They remain in the - kernel, but they will not probe for their device when the kernel - starts. These are subdivided into groups in the same way as the - active driver list.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>More detail about the currently selected driver, including its - IRQ and memory port address.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>Information about the keystrokes that are valid at this point - in time.</para> - </listitem> - </orderedlist> - - <figure id="fig-userconfig"> - <title>Kernel Device 的設定畫面</title> - - <mediaobject> - <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="install/userconfig2" format="PNG"> - </imageobject> - - <textobject> - <screen>&txt.install.userconfig2;</screen> - </textobject> - </mediaobject> - </figure> - - <para>Do not worry if any conflicts are listed, - it is to be expected; all the drivers are enabled, and - as has already been explained, some of them will conflict with one - another.</para> - - <para>You now have to work through the list of drivers, resolving the - conflicts.</para> - - <procedure> - <title>解除相衝的驅動程式</title> - - <step> - <para>Press <keycap>X</keycap>. This will completely expand the - list of drivers, so you can see all of them. You will need to use - the arrow keys to scroll back and forth through the active driver - list.</para> - - <para><xref linkend="hardware-conflicts"> shows the result of - pressing <keycap>X</keycap>.</para> - - <figure id="hardware-conflicts"> - <title>展開驅動程式一覽表</title> - - <mediaobject> - <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="install/hdwrconf" format="PNG"> - </imageobject> - </mediaobject> - </figure> - </step> - - <step> - <para>Disable all the drivers for devices that you do not have. To - disable a driver, highlight it with the arrow keys and press - <keycap>Del</keycap>. The driver will be moved to the - <literal>Inactive Drivers</literal> list.</para> - - <para>If you inadvertently disable a device that you need then press - <keycap>Tab</keycap> to switch to the <literal>Inactive - Drivers</literal> list, select the driver that you disabled, and - press <keycap>Enter</keycap> to move it back to the active - list.</para> - - <warning> - <para>Do not disable <devicename>sc0</devicename>. This controls - the screen, and you will need this unless you are installing - over a serial cable.</para> - </warning> - - <warning> - <para>Only disable <devicename>atkbd0</devicename> if you are - using a USB keyboard. If you have a normal keyboard then you - must keep <devicename>atkbd0</devicename>.</para> - </warning> - </step> - - <step> - <para>If there are no conflicts listed then you can skip this step. - Otherwise, the remaining conflicts need to be examined. If they - do not have the indication of an <quote>allowed conflict</quote> - in the message area, then either the IRQ/address for device probe - will need to be changed, <emphasis>or</emphasis> the IRQ/address - on the hardware will need to be changed.</para> - - <para>To change the driver's configuration for IRQ and IO port - address, select the device and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. The - cursor will move to the third section of the screen, and you can - change the values. You should enter the values for IRQ and port - address that you discovered when you made your hardware inventory. - Press <keycap>Q</keycap> to finish editing the device's - configuration and return to the active driver list.</para> - - <para>If you are not sure what these figures should be then you can - try using <literal>-1</literal>. Some FreeBSD drivers can safely - probe the hardware to discover what the correct value should be, - and a value of <literal>-1</literal> configures them to do - this.</para> - - <para>The procedure for changing the address on the hardware varies - from device to device. For some devices you may need to - physically remove the card from your computer and adjust jumper - settings or DIP switches. Other cards may have come with a DOS - floppy that contains the programs used to reconfigure the card. - In any case, you should refer to the documentation that came with - the device. This will obviously entail restarting your computer, - so you will need to boot back into the FreeBSD installation - routine when you have reconfigured the card.</para> - </step> - - <step> - <para>When all the conflicts have been resolved the screen will look - similar to <xref linkend="userconfig-done">.</para> - - <figure id="userconfig-done"> - <title>沒有衝突的驅動程式設定</title> - - <mediaobject> - <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="install/probstart" format="PNG"> - </imageobject> - </mediaobject> - </figure> - - <para>As you can see, the active driver list is now much smaller, - with only drivers for the hardware that actually exists being - listed.</para> - - <para>You can now save these changes, and move on to the next step - of the install. Press <keycap>Q</keycap> to quit the device - configuration interface. This message will appear:</para> - - <screen>Save these parameters before exiting? ([Y]es/[N]o/[C]ancel)</screen> - - <para>Answer <keycap>Y</keycap> to save the parameters to memory - (it will be saved to disk if you finish the install) and the - probing will start. After displaying the probe results in white - on black text <application>sysinstall</application> will start - and display its main menu - (<xref linkend="sysinstall-main">).</para> - - <figure id="sysinstall-main"> - <title>Sysinstall 主選單</title> - - <mediaobject> - <imageobject> - <imagedata fileref="install/main1" format="PNG"> - </imageobject> - </mediaobject> - </figure> - </step> - </procedure> - </sect2> <sect2 id="view-probe"> <title>那要怎麼去翻閱偵測硬體的結果呢？</title> @@ -1651,7 +1377,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c to continue with the installation.</para> </sect2> - <sect2 id="disklabeleditor"> + <sect2 id="bsdlabeleditor"> <title>以 <application>Disklabel</application> 來建立分割區(Partitions) </title> @@ -5117,8 +4843,8 @@ Please press any key to reboot.</screen> <xref linkend="ports">) as necessary.</para> - <para>Use the image of disc one if you want to install a - &os; 4.<replaceable>X</replaceable> release and want + <para>Use the image of disc one if you want to install a &os; + release and want a reasonable selection of third party packages on the disc as well.</para> @@ -5308,13 +5034,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot.</screen> url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/&rel.current;-RELEASE/base/">&rel.current;/base/</ulink> directory.</para> - <note> - <para>In the 4.X and older releases of &os; the <quote>base</quote> - distribution is called <quote>bin</quote>. Adjust the sample - commands and URLs above accordingly, if you are using one of these - versions.</para> - </note> - + <para>For as many distributions you wish to install from an &ms-dos; partition (and you have the free space for), install each one under <filename>c:\freebsd</filename> — the |