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-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml296
1 files changed, 8 insertions, 288 deletions
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml
index 874ef49286..7478898136 100644
--- a/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/books/handbook/install/chapter.sgml
@@ -483,11 +483,9 @@ pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE</screen>
&os;&nbsp;&rel.current;-RELEASE ,那麼可以到 <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/&rel.current;-RELEASE/floppies/"></ulink> 下載。</para>
<para>映像檔(images)的附檔名都是 <filename>.flp</filename> 。而
- <filename>floppies/</filename> 目錄內包含一些不同用途的映像檔(images),這取決於您要裝的 FreeBSD 版本、需求、硬體配備為何。
- 若要裝的是
- FreeBSD&nbsp;4.X 那麼通常只需要 2 個映像檔,也就是 <filename>kern.flp</filename> 與
- <filename>mfsroot.flp</filename>。而若要裝的是 FreeBSD&nbsp;5.X
- ,那麼通常要 3 個映像檔,也就是: <filename>boot.flp</filename>、
+ <filename>floppies/</filename> 目錄內包含一些不同用途的映像檔(images),
+ 這取決於您要裝的 FreeBSD 版本、需求、硬體配備為何。
+ 通常要 3 個映像檔,也就是: <filename>boot.flp</filename>、
<filename>kern1.flp</filename>、
<filename>kern2.flp</filename>。若有疑問的話,請翻閱同一目錄下的
<filename>README.TXT</filename> 文件檔,以瞭解相關最新注意事項。</para>
@@ -677,8 +675,7 @@ Please insert MFS root floppy and press enter:</screen>
<screen>Hit [Enter] to boot immediately, or any other key for command prompt.
Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _</screen>
- <para>您可以等待 10 秒,或是按 <keycap>Enter</keycap> 鍵。
- (若是 &os;&nbsp;4.X 的話,則將出現 kernel configuration 選單畫面)</para>
+ <para>您可以等待 10 秒,或是按 <keycap>Enter</keycap> 鍵。</para>
</step>
</procedure>
@@ -732,277 +729,6 @@ Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... _</screen>
</sect2>
- <sect2 id="start-userconfig">
- <title>Kernel 的設定</title>
-
- <note><para>從 FreeBSD 5.0 版開始,改用新的 &man.device.hints.5; 方式,而淘汰舊的 userconfig 方式。
- 關於 &man.device.hints.5; 機制的細節介紹,請參閱 <xref linkend="device-hints">。</para></note>
-
- <para><firstterm>kernel</firstterm> 乃是作業系統中的核心,負責許多事情,像是:控制系統上所有設備,比如硬碟、網路卡、音效卡等。
- 每項 FreeBSD 所支援的硬體都有相對應的驅動程式。
- 每個驅動程式名稱都有 2 到 3 個字母所組成,像是 <devicename>sa</devicename> 代表 SCSI 驅動程式,而
- <devicename>sio</devicename> 代表 Serial I/O 驅動程式(管 COM ports 用的)。</para>
-
- <para>當 kernel 開始啟動時,每個驅動程式就會去檢查系統上是否有支援的硬體存在,
- 若有的話,驅動程式就會作相關硬體設定,以便讓 kernel 使用該硬體。</para>
-
- <para>上述的檢查動作,我們稱為 <firstterm>device probing(偵測硬體)</firstterm>。
- 但是,這樣子的方式並不是永遠都那麼順利。
- 有些硬體驅動程式無法同時共存,而有時候偵測某硬體時,又會造成另一硬體不穩出槌。
- 這問題,乃是由於 <acronym>PC</acronym> 本身設計上天生的限制所致。</para>
-
- <para>Many older devices are called ISA devices&mdash;as opposed
- to PCI devices. The ISA specification requires each device to have
- some information hard coded into it, typically the Interrupt Request
- Line number (IRQ) and IO port address that the driver uses. This
- information is commonly set by using physical
- <firstterm>jumpers</firstterm> on the card, or by using a DOS based
- utility.</para>
-
- <para>This was often a source of problems, because it was not possible
- to have two devices that shared the same IRQ or port address.</para>
-
- <para>Newer devices follow the PCI specification, which does not require
- this, as the devices are supposed to cooperate with the BIOS, and are
- told which IRQ and IO port addresses to use.</para>
-
- <para>If you have any ISA devices in your computer then FreeBSD's
- driver for that device will need to be configured with the IRQ and
- port address that you have set the card to. This is why carrying out
- an inventory of your hardware (see <xref
- linkend="install-inventory">) can be useful.</para>
-
- <para>Unfortunately, the default IRQs and memory ports used by some
- drivers clash. This is because some ISA devices are shipped with IRQs
- or memory ports that clash. The defaults in FreeBSD's drivers are
- deliberately set to mirror the manufacturer's defaults, so that, out
- of the box, as many devices as possible will work.</para>
-
- <para>This is almost never an issue when running FreeBSD day-to-day.
- Your computer will not normally contain two pieces of hardware that
- clash, because one of them would not work (irrespective of the
- operating system you are using).</para>
-
- <para>It becomes an issue when you are installing FreeBSD for the first
- time because the kernel used to carry out the install has to contain
- as many drivers as possible, so that many different hardware
- configurations can be supported. This means that some of
- those drivers will have conflicting configurations. The devices are
- probed in a strict order, and if you own a device that is probed late
- in the process, but conflicted with an earlier probe, then your
- hardware might not function or be probed correctly when you install
- FreeBSD.</para>
-
- <para>Because of this, the first thing you have the opportunity to do
- when installing FreeBSD is look at the list of drivers that are
- configured into the kernel, and either disable some of them, if you
- do not own that device, or confirm (and alter) the driver's
- configuration if you do own the device but the defaults are
- wrong.</para>
-
- <para>This probably sounds much more complicated than it actually
- is.</para>
-
- <para><xref linkend="kernel-config"> shows the first kernel
- configuration menu. We recommend that you choose the
- <guimenuitem>Start kernel configuration in full-screen visual
- mode</guimenuitem> option, as it presents the easiest interface for
- the new user.</para>
-
- <figure id="kernel-config">
- <title>Kernel 設定畫面</title>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="install/userconfig" format="PNG">
- </imageobject>
-
- <textobject>
- <screen>&txt.install.userconfig;</screen>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
-
- <para>The kernel configuration screen (<xref linkend="fig-userconfig">)
- is then divided into four sections:</para>
-
- <orderedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>A collapsible list of all the drivers that are currently
- marked as <quote>active</quote>, subdivided into groups such as
- <literal>Storage</literal>, and <literal>Network</literal>. Each
- driver is shown as a description, its two or three letter driver
- name, and the IRQ and memory port used by that driver. In
- addition, if an active driver conflicts with another active driver
- then <literal>CONF</literal> is shown next to the driver name.
- This section also shows the total number of conflicting drivers
- that are currently active.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Drivers that have been marked inactive. They remain in the
- kernel, but they will not probe for their device when the kernel
- starts. These are subdivided into groups in the same way as the
- active driver list.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>More detail about the currently selected driver, including its
- IRQ and memory port address.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Information about the keystrokes that are valid at this point
- in time.</para>
- </listitem>
- </orderedlist>
-
- <figure id="fig-userconfig">
- <title>Kernel Device 的設定畫面</title>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="install/userconfig2" format="PNG">
- </imageobject>
-
- <textobject>
- <screen>&txt.install.userconfig2;</screen>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
-
- <para>Do not worry if any conflicts are listed,
- it is to be expected; all the drivers are enabled, and
- as has already been explained, some of them will conflict with one
- another.</para>
-
- <para>You now have to work through the list of drivers, resolving the
- conflicts.</para>
-
- <procedure>
- <title>解除相衝的驅動程式</title>
-
- <step>
- <para>Press <keycap>X</keycap>. This will completely expand the
- list of drivers, so you can see all of them. You will need to use
- the arrow keys to scroll back and forth through the active driver
- list.</para>
-
- <para><xref linkend="hardware-conflicts"> shows the result of
- pressing <keycap>X</keycap>.</para>
-
- <figure id="hardware-conflicts">
- <title>展開驅動程式一覽表</title>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="install/hdwrconf" format="PNG">
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <para>Disable all the drivers for devices that you do not have. To
- disable a driver, highlight it with the arrow keys and press
- <keycap>Del</keycap>. The driver will be moved to the
- <literal>Inactive Drivers</literal> list.</para>
-
- <para>If you inadvertently disable a device that you need then press
- <keycap>Tab</keycap> to switch to the <literal>Inactive
- Drivers</literal> list, select the driver that you disabled, and
- press <keycap>Enter</keycap> to move it back to the active
- list.</para>
-
- <warning>
- <para>Do not disable <devicename>sc0</devicename>. This controls
- the screen, and you will need this unless you are installing
- over a serial cable.</para>
- </warning>
-
- <warning>
- <para>Only disable <devicename>atkbd0</devicename> if you are
- using a USB keyboard. If you have a normal keyboard then you
- must keep <devicename>atkbd0</devicename>.</para>
- </warning>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <para>If there are no conflicts listed then you can skip this step.
- Otherwise, the remaining conflicts need to be examined. If they
- do not have the indication of an <quote>allowed conflict</quote>
- in the message area, then either the IRQ/address for device probe
- will need to be changed, <emphasis>or</emphasis> the IRQ/address
- on the hardware will need to be changed.</para>
-
- <para>To change the driver's configuration for IRQ and IO port
- address, select the device and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. The
- cursor will move to the third section of the screen, and you can
- change the values. You should enter the values for IRQ and port
- address that you discovered when you made your hardware inventory.
- Press <keycap>Q</keycap> to finish editing the device's
- configuration and return to the active driver list.</para>
-
- <para>If you are not sure what these figures should be then you can
- try using <literal>-1</literal>. Some FreeBSD drivers can safely
- probe the hardware to discover what the correct value should be,
- and a value of <literal>-1</literal> configures them to do
- this.</para>
-
- <para>The procedure for changing the address on the hardware varies
- from device to device. For some devices you may need to
- physically remove the card from your computer and adjust jumper
- settings or DIP switches. Other cards may have come with a DOS
- floppy that contains the programs used to reconfigure the card.
- In any case, you should refer to the documentation that came with
- the device. This will obviously entail restarting your computer,
- so you will need to boot back into the FreeBSD installation
- routine when you have reconfigured the card.</para>
- </step>
-
- <step>
- <para>When all the conflicts have been resolved the screen will look
- similar to <xref linkend="userconfig-done">.</para>
-
- <figure id="userconfig-done">
- <title>沒有衝突的驅動程式設定</title>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="install/probstart" format="PNG">
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
-
- <para>As you can see, the active driver list is now much smaller,
- with only drivers for the hardware that actually exists being
- listed.</para>
-
- <para>You can now save these changes, and move on to the next step
- of the install. Press <keycap>Q</keycap> to quit the device
- configuration interface. This message will appear:</para>
-
- <screen>Save these parameters before exiting? ([Y]es/[N]o/[C]ancel)</screen>
-
- <para>Answer <keycap>Y</keycap> to save the parameters to memory
- (it will be saved to disk if you finish the install) and the
- probing will start. After displaying the probe results in white
- on black text <application>sysinstall</application> will start
- and display its main menu
- (<xref linkend="sysinstall-main">).</para>
-
- <figure id="sysinstall-main">
- <title>Sysinstall 主選單</title>
-
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="install/main1" format="PNG">
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- </step>
- </procedure>
- </sect2>
<sect2 id="view-probe">
<title>那要怎麼去翻閱偵測硬體的結果呢?</title>
@@ -1651,7 +1377,7 @@ Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c
to continue with the installation.</para>
</sect2>
- <sect2 id="disklabeleditor">
+ <sect2 id="bsdlabeleditor">
<title>以 <application>Disklabel</application> 來建立分割區(Partitions)
</title>
@@ -5117,8 +4843,8 @@ Please press any key to reboot.</screen>
<xref linkend="ports">) as
necessary.</para>
- <para>Use the image of disc one if you want to install a
- &os;&nbsp;4.<replaceable>X</replaceable> release and want
+ <para>Use the image of disc one if you want to install a &os;
+ release and want
a reasonable selection of third party packages on the disc
as well.</para>
@@ -5308,13 +5034,7 @@ Please press any key to reboot.</screen>
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/&rel.current;-RELEASE/base/">&rel.current;/base/</ulink>
directory.</para>
- <note>
- <para>In the 4.X and older releases of &os; the <quote>base</quote>
- distribution is called <quote>bin</quote>. Adjust the sample
- commands and URLs above accordingly, if you are using one of these
- versions.</para>
- </note>
-
+
<para>For as many distributions you wish to install from an &ms-dos;
partition (and you have the free space for), install each one
under <filename>c:\freebsd</filename> &mdash; the