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-<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.0//EN"
- "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.0/docbookx.dtd"
- [<!ENTITY mdash "&#8212;">]>
-<!--
- - Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
- - Copyright (C) 2000-2002 Internet Software Consortium.
- -
- - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
- -
- - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
- - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
- - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
- - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
- - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
- - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- $Id: host.docbook,v 1.2.2.2.4.7 2005/05/13 01:22:32 marka Exp $ -->
-
-<refentry>
-
-<refentryinfo>
-<date>Jun 30, 2000</date>
-</refentryinfo>
-
-<refmeta>
-<refentrytitle>host</refentrytitle>
-<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
-<refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
-</refmeta>
-
- <docinfo>
- <copyright>
- <year>2004</year>
- <year>2005</year>
- <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
- </copyright>
- <copyright>
- <year>2000</year>
- <year>2001</year>
- <year>2002</year>
- <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>
- </copyright>
- </docinfo>
-
-<refnamediv>
-<refname>host</refname>
-<refpurpose>DNS lookup utility</refpurpose>
-</refnamediv>
-
-<refsynopsisdiv>
-<cmdsynopsis>
- <command>host</command>
- <arg><option>-aCdlnrTwv</option></arg>
- <arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></option></arg>
- <arg><option>-N <replaceable class="parameter">ndots</replaceable></option></arg>
- <arg><option>-R <replaceable class="parameter">number</replaceable></option></arg>
- <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></option></arg>
- <arg><option>-W <replaceable class="parameter">wait</replaceable></option></arg>
- <arg><option>-4</option></arg>
- <arg><option>-6</option></arg>
- <arg choice="req">name</arg>
- <arg choice="opt">server</arg>
-</cmdsynopsis>
-</refsynopsisdiv>
-
-<refsect1>
-<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
-<para>
-<command>host</command>
-is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
-It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
-When no arguments or options are given,
-<command>host</command>
-prints a short summary of its command line arguments and options.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-<parameter>name</parameter> is the domain name that is to be looked
-up. It can also be a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited
-IPv6 address, in which case <command>host</command> will by default
-perform a reverse lookup for that address.
-<parameter>server</parameter> is an optional argument which is either
-the name or IP address of the name server that <command>host</command>
-should query instead of the server or servers listed in
-<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The <option>-a</option> (all) option is equivalent to setting the
-<option>-v</option> option and asking <command>host</command> to make
-a query of type ANY.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-When the <option>-C</option> option is used, <command>host</command>
-will attempt to display the SOA records for zone
-<parameter>name</parameter> from all the listed authoritative name
-servers for that zone. The list of name servers is defined by the NS
-records that are found for the zone.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The <option>-c</option> option instructs to make a DNS query of class
-<parameter>class</parameter>. This can be used to lookup Hesiod or
-Chaosnet class resource records. The default class is IN (Internet).
-</para>
-
-<para>
-Verbose output is generated by <command>host</command> when the
-<option>-d</option> or <option>-v</option> option is used. The two
-options are equivalent. They have been provided for backwards
-compatibility. In previous versions, the <option>-d</option> option
-switched on debugging traces and <option>-v</option> enabled verbose
-output.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-List mode is selected by the <option>-l</option> option. This makes
-<command>host</command> perform a zone transfer for zone
-<parameter>name</parameter>. Transfer the zone printing out the NS, PTR
-and address records (A/AAAA). If combined with <option>-a</option>
-all records will be printed.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The <option>-i</option>
-option specifies that reverse lookups of IPv6 addresses should
-use the IP6.INT domain as defined in RFC1886.
-The default is to use IP6.ARPA.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The <option>-N</option> option sets the number of dots that have to be
-in <parameter>name</parameter> for it to be considered absolute. The
-default value is that defined using the ndots statement in
-<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>, or 1 if no ndots statement is
-present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names and
-will be searched for in the domains listed in the <type>search</type>
-or <type>domain</type> directive in
-<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The number of UDP retries for a lookup can be changed with the
-<option>-R</option> option. <parameter>number</parameter> indicates
-how many times <command>host</command> will repeat a query that does
-not get answered. The default number of retries is 1. If
-<parameter>number</parameter> is negative or zero, the number of
-retries will default to 1.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-Non-recursive queries can be made via the <option>-r</option> option.
-Setting this option clears the <type>RD</type> &mdash; recursion
-desired &mdash; bit in the query which <command>host</command> makes.
-This should mean that the name server receiving the query will not
-attempt to resolve <parameter>name</parameter>. The
-<option>-r</option> option enables <command>host</command> to mimic
-the behaviour of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
-expecting to receive answers to those queries that are usually
-referrals to other name servers.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-By default <command>host</command> uses UDP when making queries. The
-<option>-T</option> option makes it use a TCP connection when querying
-the name server. TCP will be automatically selected for queries that
-require it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The <option>-4</option> option forces <command>host</command> to only
-use IPv4 query transport. The <option>-6</option> option forces
-<command>host</command> to only use IPv6 query transport.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The <option>-t</option> option is used to select the query type.
-<parameter>type</parameter> can be any recognised query type: CNAME,
-NS, SOA, SIG, KEY, AXFR, etc. When no query type is specified,
-<command>host</command> automatically selects an appropriate query
-type. By default it looks for A records, but if the
-<option>-C</option> option was given, queries will be made for SOA
-records, and if <parameter>name</parameter> is a dotted-decimal IPv4
-address or colon-delimited IPv6 address, <command>host</command> will
-query for PTR records. If a query type of IXFR is chosen the starting
-serial number can be specified by appending an equal followed by the
-starting serial number (e.g. -t IXFR=12345678).
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The time to wait for a reply can be controlled through the
-<option>-W</option> and <option>-w</option> options. The
-<option>-W</option> option makes <command>host</command> wait for
-<parameter>wait</parameter> seconds. If <parameter>wait</parameter>
-is less than one, the wait interval is set to one second. When the
-<option>-w</option> option is used, <command>host</command> will
-effectively wait forever for a reply. The time to wait for a response
-will be set to the number of seconds given by the hardware's maximum
-value for an integer quantity.
-</para>
-
-</refsect1>
-
-<refsect1>
-<title>FILES</title>
-<para>
-<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>
-</para>
-</refsect1>
-
-<refsect1>
-<title>SEE ALSO</title>
-<para>
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>dig</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>named</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>.
-</para>
-
-</refsect1>
-</refentry>