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diff --git a/contrib/perl5/pod/perltoc.pod b/contrib/perl5/pod/perltoc.pod deleted file mode 100644 index 798a24d193636..0000000000000 --- a/contrib/perl5/pod/perltoc.pod +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10231 +0,0 @@ - -=head1 NAME - -perltoc - perl documentation table of contents - -=head1 DESCRIPTION - -This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl -documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped -through to locate the proper section you're looking for. - -=head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION - -=head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -modularity and reusability using innumerable modules, embeddable and -extensible, roll-your-own magic variables (including multiple simultaneous -DBM implementations), subroutines can now be overridden, autoloaded, and -prototyped, arbitrarily nested data structures and anonymous functions, -object-oriented programming, compilability into C code or Perl bytecode, -support for light-weight processes (threads), support for -internationalization, localization, and Unicode, lexical scoping, regular -expression enhancements, enhanced debugger and interactive Perl -environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library - -=item AVAILABILITY - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -=item AUTHOR - -=item FILES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -=item BUGS - -=item NOTES - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 -20:38:02 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L<perlfaq1>: General Questions -About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it -free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What -is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl -compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can -I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the -difference between "perl" and "Perl"?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl -script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?, -How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and -Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How -can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my -system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine -to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to -compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make -it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is -CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified -version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl -newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post -source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW -Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of -comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where -do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools, -How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl -shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl -programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a -pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there -an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where -can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I -use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI -or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How -can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a -pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program -shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the -source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte -code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get C<#!perl> to -work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command -line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can -I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about -object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with -Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't -embed perl inmy C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my -script, I got this message. What does itmean?, What's MakeMaker?, -L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg, -19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?, -Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a round() -function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I -convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I -multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?, -How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How -do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current -century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the -difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How -can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have -a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How -do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?, -How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting -anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?, -How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters -of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I -count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I -capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character] -delimited string except when inside[character]? (Comma-separated files), -How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I -pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract -selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a -string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with -always quoting "$vars"?, Why don't my <<HERE documents work?, What is the -difference between a list and an array?, What is the difference between -$array[1] and @array[1]?, How can I remove duplicate elements from a list -or array?, How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain -element?, How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute -the intersection of two arrays?, How do I test whether two arrays or hashes -are equal?, How do I find the first array element for which a condition is -true?, How do I handle linked lists?, How do I handle circular lists?, How -do I shuffle an array randomly?, How do I process/modify each element of an -array?, How do I select a random element from an array?, How do I permute N -elements of a list?, How do I sort an array by (anything)?, How do I -manipulate arrays of bits?, Why does defined() return true on empty arrays -and hashes?, How do I process an entire hash?, What happens if I add or -remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?, How do I look up a hash -element by value?, How can I know how many entries are in a hash?, How do I -sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?, How can I always keep my -hash sorted?, What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with -hashes?, Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?, How -do I reset an each() operation part-way through?, How can I get the unique -keys from two hashes?, How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM -file?, How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?, -Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?, -How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array -of hashes or arrays?, How can I use a reference as a hash key?, How do I -handle binary data correctly?, How do I determine whether a scalar is a -number/whole/integer/float?, How do I keep persistent data across program -calls?, How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?, How do I -define methods for every class/object?, How do I verify a credit card -checksum?, How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?, -L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output -filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete -a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the -beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do -I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length -files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?, -How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to -be used with write()?, How can I write() into a string?, How can I output -my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a -filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do -I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?, Is there a -leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing -blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a file?, Why -can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?, I still don't get locking. I just -want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How do I -randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?, -How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more than one -file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How can I -read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from a -file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character -waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?, How do I dup() -a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why -can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` -work?, Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?, Why does Perl let me -delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't -this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I -get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, L<perlfaq6>: Regexps, How -can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and -unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. -What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are -themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it -didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the -LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make C<\w> match national -character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?, -How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is C</o> really for?, -How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?, -Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it -mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process -each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or -line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I -efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't -word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or -$' slow my program down?, What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?, Are -Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with -using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with -multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the -user?, L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE -for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how -do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or -use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I -temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators -have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a -structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I -tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide -and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, -Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's -the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between -local() and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly -named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow -binding?, Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?, How do I redefine a -builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference between -calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or case -statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined -variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file -be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a -large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a -variable as a variable name?, L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction, How do I -find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come exec() doesn't -return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I -print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting -for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?, -How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the -user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I -decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the -background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the -shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?, -How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?, How can I measure time -under a second?, How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception -handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? -What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?, How can I call -my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files -to do ioctl() or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about -kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why -can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture -STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't open() return an error when a -pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How -can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read -from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I -convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp -session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's -command line from programs such as "ps"?, I {changed directory, modified my -environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I -exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close -a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a -daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I -find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow -event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?, -How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a system() exit on control-C?, -How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from -CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own -module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in -to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include -path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, L<perlfaq9>: -Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. -(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI -program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How -do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on -another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an -HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or -create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?, -How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and -.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into -a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail -header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?, -How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail -address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my -hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the -active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in -Perl? - -=over - -=item Where to get this document - -=item How to contribute to this document - -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors - -=back - -=item Credits - -=item Author and Copyright Information - -=over - -=item Bundled Distributions - -=item Disclaimer - -=back - -=item Changes - -23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, -25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97 - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item What is Perl? - -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? - -=item Which version of Perl should I use? - -=item What are perl4 and perl5? - -=item What is perl6? - -=item How stable is Perl? - -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? - -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? - -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? - -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? - -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? - -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? - -=item What is a JAPH? - -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? - -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, -$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? - -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? - -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? - -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. - -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? - -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? - -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? - -=item Where can I get information on Perl? - -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? - -=item Where should I post source code? - -=item Perl Books - -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics - -=item Perl in Magazines - -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access - -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? - -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc - -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? - -=item Where do I send bug reports? - -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item How do I do (anything)? - -=item How can I use Perl interactively? - -=item Is there a Perl shell? - -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? - -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? - -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? - -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? - -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? - -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? - -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? - -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? - -=item How can I use curses with Perl? - -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? - -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? - -=item What is undump? - -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? - -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? - -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? - -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? - -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? - -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? - -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? - -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? - -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? - -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? - -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? - -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? - -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? - -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] - -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program, what am I doing wrong? - -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? - -=item What's MakeMaker? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -20:37:49 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Data: Numbers - -=over - -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? - -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? - -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? - -=item How do I convert bits into ints? - -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? - -=item How do I multiply matrices? - -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? - -=item How can I output Roman numerals? - -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? - -=back - -=item Data: Dates - -=over - -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? - -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? - -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? - -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? - -=item How can I find the Julian Day? - -=item How do I find yesterday's date? - -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? - -=back - -=item Data: Strings - -=over - -=item How do I validate input? - -=item How do I unescape a string? - -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? - -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? - -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? - -=item How do I reverse a string? - -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? - -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? - -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? - -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? - -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? - -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? - -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) - -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? - -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? - -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? - -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? - -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? - -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? - -=item Why don't my <<HERE documents work? - -1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be -a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of -the tag - -=back - -=item Data: Arrays - -=over - -=item What is the difference between a list and an array? - -=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? - -=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? - -a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:(this assumes all true -values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like -(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any -loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive -integers: - -=item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element? - -=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the -intersection of two arrays? - -=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? - -=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? - -=item How do I handle linked lists? - -=item How do I handle circular lists? - -=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? - -=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? - -=item How do I select a random element from an array? - -=item How do I permute N elements of a list? - -=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? - -=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? - -=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? - -=back - -=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) - -=over - -=item How do I process an entire hash? - -=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over -it? - -=item How do I look up a hash element by value? - -=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? - -=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? - -=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? - -=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? - -=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? - -=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? - -=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? - -=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? - -=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? - -=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create -it? - -=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or -array of hashes or arrays? - -=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? - -=back - -=item Data: Misc - -=over - -=item How do I handle binary data correctly? - -=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? - -=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? - -=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? - -=item How do I define methods for every class/object? - -=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? - -=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? - -=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a -line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? - -=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? - -=item How do I make a temporary file name? - -=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? - -=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? - -=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? - -=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? - -=item How can I write() into a string? - -=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? - -=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? - -=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? - -=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>? - -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? - -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? - -=item How can I reliably rename a file? - -=item How can I lock a file? - -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? - -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? - -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? - -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? - -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? - -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? - -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? - -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? - -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? - -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? - -=item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl? - -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? - -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? - -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? - -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? - -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? - -=item How do I select a random line from a file? - -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? - -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters - -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? - -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? - -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? - -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving -case on the RHS? - -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? - -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>? - -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? - -=item What is C</o> really for? - -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? - -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? - -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? - -=item How do I process each word on each line? - -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? - -=item How can I do approximate matching? - -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? - -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? - -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? - -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? - -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? - -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? - -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? - -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? - -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? - -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? - -=item How do I skip some return values? - -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? - -=item What's an extension? - -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? - -=item How do I declare/create a structure? - -=item How do I create a module? - -=item How do I create a class? - -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? - -=item What's a closure? - -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? - -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? - -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods - -=item How do I create a static variable? - -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? - -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? - -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? - -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right? - -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? - -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? - -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? - -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? - -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? - -=item How can I find out my current package? - -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? - -=item How do I clear a package? - -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -18:37:57 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? - -=item How come exec() doesn't return? - -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? - -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse - -=item How do I print something out in color? - -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? - -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? - -=item How do I clear the screen? - -=item How do I get the screen size? - -=item How do I ask the user for a password? - -=item How do I read and write the serial port? - -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input - -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? - -=item How do I start a process in the background? - -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies - -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? - -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? - -=item How do I set the time and date? - -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? - -=item How can I measure time under a second? - -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) - -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? - -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? - -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? - -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? - -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? - -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? - -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? - -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? - -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? - -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? - -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? - -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? - -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? - -=item How can I write expect in Perl? - -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? - -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? - -Unix - -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? - -=item How do I fork a daemon process? - -=item How do I make my program run with sh and csh? - -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? - -=item How do I timeout a slow event? - -=item How do I set CPU limits? - -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? - -=item How do I use an SQL database? - -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? - -=item How do I open a file without blocking? - -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? - -=item What's the difference between require and use? - -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? - -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? - -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? - -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 -$) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) - -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? - -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? - -=item How do I extract URLs? - -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? - -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? - -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? - -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? - -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? - -=item How do I redirect to another page? - -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? - -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? - -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? - -=item How do I parse a mail header? - -=item How do I decode a CGI form? - -=item How do I check a valid mail address? - -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? - -=item How do I return the user's mail address? - -=item How do I send mail? - -=item How do I read mail? - -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? - -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? - -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? - -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? - -=back - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Core Enhancements - -=over - -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency - -=item Lexically scoped warning categories - -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support - -=item Support for interpolating named characters - -=item "our" declarations - -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals - -=item Improved Perl version numbering system - -=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes - -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified - -=item open() with more than two arguments - -=item 64-bit support - -=item Large file support - -=item Long doubles - -=item "more bits" - -=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines - -=item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed - -=item File globbing implemented internally - -Support for CHECK blocks - -=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported - -Better pseudo-random number generator - -=item Improved C<qw//> operator - -Better worst-case behavior of hashes - -=item pack() format 'Z' supported - -=item pack() format modifier '!' supported - -=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings - -=item Comments in pack() templates - -=item Weak references - -=item Binary numbers supported - -=item Lvalue subroutines - -=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references - -=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues - -=item exists() is supported on subroutine names - -=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements - -=item Pseudo-hashes work better - -=item Automatic flushing of output buffers - -=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations - -=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle - -=item eof() has the same old magic as <> - -=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes - -=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" - -=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure - -=item Improved diagnostics - -=item Diagnostics follow STDERR - -More consistent close-on-exec behavior - -=item syswrite() ease-of-use - -=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators - -=item Bit operators support full native integer width - -=item Improved security features - -More functional bareword prototype (*) - -=item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden - -=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character - -=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch - -=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string - -=item Optional Y2K warnings - -=back - -=item Modules and Pragmata - -=over - -=item Modules - -attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, -DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, -File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, -podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, -pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, -Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters - -=item Pragmata - -=back - -=item Utility Changes - -=over - -=item dprofpp - -=item find2perl - -=item h2xs - -=item perlcc - -=item perldoc - -=item The Perl Debugger - -=back - -=item Improved Documentation - -perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, -perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, -perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, -perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod - -=item Performance enhancements - -=over - -=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized - -=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables - -=item Faster subroutine calls - -delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster - -=back - -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements - -=over - -=item -Dusethreads means something different - -=item New Configure flags - -=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring - -=item Long Doubles - -=item -Dusemorebits - -=item -Duselargefiles - -=item installusrbinperl - -=item SOCKS support - -=item C<-A> flag - -=item Enhanced Installation Directories - -=back - -=item Platform specific changes - -=over - -=item Supported platforms - -=item DOS - -=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) - -=item VMS - -=item Win32 - -=back - -=item Significant bug fixes - -=over - -=item <HANDLE> on empty files - -=item C<eval '...'> improvements - -=item All compilation errors are true errors - -=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer - -=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent - -=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> - -=item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD - -=item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer> - -=item Failures in DESTROY() - -=item Locale bugs fixed - -=item Memory leaks - -=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls - -=item Taint failures under C<-U> - -=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch - -=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles - -=back - -=item New or Changed Diagnostics - -"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet -implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, -/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed -by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape -\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class -passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too -early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s -argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a -subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: -%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled -substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, -Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector -size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check -filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", -Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, -Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't -remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't -weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class -syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, -constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, -defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean -"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective -%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for -output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires -explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, -Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: -|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal -number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: -%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid -separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in -subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs -returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing -%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", -No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", -No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time -is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, -panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing -around "%s" list, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use -"sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count -in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed -memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, -Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not -implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl -can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown -open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, -Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter -in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute -parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute -list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant -number - -=item New tests - -=item Incompatible Changes - -=over - -=item Perl Source Incompatibilities - -CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed - -=item Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different - -Literals of the form C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed -pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, -C<undef> fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe -and socket handles, Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, -delete(), values() and C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, -vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic -output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves -like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed - -=item Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms - -=item More builtins taint their results - -=item C Source Incompatibilities - -C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC> - -=item Compatible C Source API Changes - -C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION> - -=item Binary Incompatibilities - -=back - -=item Known Problems - -=over - -=item Thread test failures - -=item EBCDIC platforms not supported - -=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang - -=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure - -=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with -gcc - -=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run - -=item Arrow operator and arrays - -=item Windows 2000 - -=item Experimental features - -Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The -pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file -globbing, The DB module, The regular expression constructs C<(?{ code })> -and C<(??{ code })> - -=back - -=item Obsolete Diagnostics - -Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed -logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Probable precedence problem on %s, -regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated - -=item Reporting Bugs - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 perldata - Perl data types - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Variable names - -=item Context - -=item Scalar values - -=item Scalar value constructors - -=item List value constructors - -=item Slices - -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Declarations - -=item Simple statements - -=item Compound statements - -=item Loop Control - -=item For Loops - -=item Foreach Loops - -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements - -=item Goto - -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation - -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) - -=item The Arrow Operator - -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement - -=item Exponentiation - -=item Symbolic Unary Operators - -=item Binding Operators - -=item Multiplicative Operators - -=item Additive Operators - -=item Shift Operators - -=item Named Unary Operators - -=item Relational Operators - -=item Equality Operators - -=item Bitwise And - -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or - -=item C-style Logical And - -=item C-style Logical Or - -=item Range Operators - -=item Conditional Operator - -=item Assignment Operators - -=item Comma Operator - -=item List Operators (Rightward) - -=item Logical Not - -=item Logical And - -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or - -=item C Operators Missing From Perl - -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) - -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators - -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators - -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC - -=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs - -Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, -C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">, -C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>, -C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions - -=item I/O Operators - -=item Constant Folding - -=item Bitwise String Operators - -=item Integer Arithmetic - -=item Floating-point Arithmetic - -=item Bigger Numbers - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -i, m, s, x - -=over - -=item Regular Expressions - -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit - -=item Extended Patterns - -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> - -=item Backtracking - -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions - -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 - -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring - -=item Combining pieces together - -C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>, -C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> - -=item Creating custom RE engines - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems - -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS - -=item Location of Perl - -=item Command Switches - -B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo>, -B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>], -B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I<directory> - -=back - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL - -=back - -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Perl Functions by Category - -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 - -=item Portability - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions - -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, -chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, -connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, -dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete -EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, -each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, -exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, -fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, -getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam -NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname -NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, -goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, -import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK -LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl -ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd -ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module -LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack -TEMPLATE,LIST, package, package NAMESPACE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop -ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, -printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, -push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, -quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir -DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv -SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, -sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, -splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, -sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, -study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr -EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Predefined Names - -$ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number -HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", -$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE -EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0]>), -C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]>), C<$'> is the -same as C<substr($var, $+[0]>), C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], -$+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - -$-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3]>), -format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, -$ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, -$$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, -$GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], -$COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, -$INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, -0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, -$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, -$WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, -$^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} - -=item Error Indicators - -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Private Variables via my() - -=item Persistent Private Variables - -=item Temporary Values via local() - -=item Lvalue subroutines - -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) - -=item When to Still Use local() - -1. You need to give a global variable a temporary value, especially $_, 2. -You need to create a local file or directory handle or a local function, 3. -You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash - -=item Pass by Reference - -=item Prototypes - -=item Constant Functions - -=item Overriding Built-in Functions - -=item Autoloading - -=item Subroutine Attributes - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Packages - -=item Symbol Tables - -=item Package Constructors and Destructors - -=item Perl Classes - -=item Perl Modules - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY - -=over - -=item Pragmatic Modules - -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, caller, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, ops, overload, -re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings - -=item Standard Modules - -AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, -B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, -CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, -CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, -Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, -Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, -ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, -ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, -ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, -ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, -File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, -File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, -File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, -Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, -IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, -IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore, -IPC::SysV, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, -Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, -Opcode, POSIX, Pod::Checker, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, -Pod::Parser, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Usage, -SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, -Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, -Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords, -Text::Soundex, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, -Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, -Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent - -=item Extension Modules - -=back - -=item CPAN - -Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating -System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess -Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces, -User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages, -File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String -Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option, -Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing, -Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption, -World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities, -Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, -and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and -exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities, -Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, -North America, South America - -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse - -=over - -=item Guidelines for Module Creation - -Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new -module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select -what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?, -README and other Additional Files, A description of the -module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites -- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to -Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release, -especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in -the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a -version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take -care when changing a released module - -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules - -There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications, -Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started, -Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from ' -to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes - -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code - -Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many -applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the -reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity -to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application' -can then be reduced to a small - -=back - -=item NOTE - -=back - -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item PREAMBLE - -B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module - -=back - -=item HEY - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes - -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets - -=item Resource limits - -=item Killing the parent process - -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes - -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS - -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlform - Perl formats - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Format Variables - -=back - -=item NOTES - -=over - -=item Footers - -=item Accessing Formatting Internals - -=back - -=item WARNINGS - -=back - -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES - -=item USING LOCALES - -=over - -=item The use locale pragma - -=item The setlocale function - -=item Finding locales - -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS - -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems - -=item Permanently fixing locale problems - -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration - -=item Fixing system locale configuration - -=item The localeconv function - -=back - -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES - -=over - -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation - -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types - -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting - -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts - -=item LC_TIME - -=item Other categories - -=back - -=item SECURITY - -B<Comparison operators> (C<lt>, C<le>, C<ge>, C<gt> and C<cmp>):, -B<Case-mapping interpolation> (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>), -B<Matching operator> (C<m//>):, B<Substitution operator> (C<s///>):, -B<Output formatting functions> (printf() and write()):, B<Case-mapping -functions> (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B<POSIX locale-dependent -functions> (localeconv(), strcoll(),strftime(), strxfrm()):, B<POSIX -character class tests> (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),isgraph(), -islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(), -isxdigit()): - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG - -=item NOTES - -=over - -=item Backward compatibility - -=item I18N:Collate obsolete - -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts - -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC - -=item Freely available locale definitions - -=item I18n and l10n - -=item An imperfect standard - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=over - -=item Broken systems - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures - -=over - -=item NOTE - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Making References - -=item Using References - -=item Symbolic references - -=item Not-so-symbolic references - -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash - -=item Function Templates - -=back - -=item WARNING - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? - -=item The Solution - -=item Syntax - -=over - -=item Making References - -=item Using References - -=back - -=item An Example - -=item Arrow Rule - -=item Solution - -=item The Rest - -=item Summary - -=item Credits - -=over - -=item Distribution Conditions - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs - -=item REFERENCES - -=item COMMON MISTAKES - -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE - -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict> - -=item DEBUGGING - -=item CODE EXAMPLES - -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS - -=over - -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS - -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS - -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS - -=back - -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS - -=over - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS - -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS - -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS - -=back - -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES - -=over - -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES - -=back - -=item HASHES OF HASHES - -=over - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES - -=back - -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=over - -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS - -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS - -=back - -=item Database Ties - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays - -=item Growing Your Own - -=item Access and Printing - -=item Slices - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item If we could talk to the animals... - -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow - -=item Invoking a barnyard - -=item The extra parameter of method invocation - -=item Calling a second method to simplify things - -=item Inheriting the windpipes - -=item A few notes about @ISA - -=item Overriding the methods - -=item Starting the search from a different place - -=item The SUPER way of doing things - -=item Where we're at so far... - -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? - -=item Invoking an instance method - -=item Accessing the instance data - -=item How to build a horse - -=item Inheriting the constructor - -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances - -=item Adding parameters to a method - -=item More interesting instances - -=item A horse of a different color - -=item Summary - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Creating a Class - -=over - -=item Object Representation - -=item Class Interface - -=item Constructors and Instance Methods - -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors - -=item Destructors - -=item Other Object Methods - -=back - -=item Class Data - -=over - -=item Accessing Class Data - -=item Debugging Methods - -=item Class Destructors - -=item Documenting the Interface - -=back - -=item Aggregation - -=item Inheritance - -=over - -=item Overridden Methods - -=item Multiple Inheritance - -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects - -=back - -=item Alternate Object Representations - -=over - -=item Arrays as Objects - -=item Closures as Objects - -=back - -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods - -=over - -=item Autoloaded Data Methods - -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods - -=back - -=item Metaclassical Tools - -=over - -=item Class::Struct - -=item Data Members as Variables - -=item NOTES - -=item Object Terminology - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=over - -=item Acknowledgments - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Class Data as Package Variables - -=over - -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket - -=item Inheritance Concerns - -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object - -=item Indirect References to Class Data - -=item Monadic Classes - -=item Translucent Attributes - -=back - -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables - -=over - -=item Privacy and Responsibility - -=item File-Scoped Lexicals - -=item More Inheritance Concerns - -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key - -=item Translucency Revisited - -=back - -=item NOTES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item An Object is Simply a Reference - -=item A Class is Simply a Package - -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine - -=item Method Invocation - -=item WARNING - -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods - -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) - -=item Destructors - -=item Summary - -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Tying Scalars - -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this - -=item Tying Arrays - -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -DESTROY this - -=item Tying Hashes - -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this - -=item Tying FileHandles - -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, DESTROY this - -=item The C<untie> Gotcha - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OO SCALING TIPS - -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES - -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES - -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE - -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS - -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS - -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM - -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE - -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT - -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR - -=item DELEGATION - -=back - -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Signals - -=item Named Pipes - -=over - -=item WARNING - -=back - -=item Using open() for IPC - -=over - -=item Filehandles - -=item Background Processes - -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent - -=item Safe Pipe Opens - -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process - -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself - -=back - -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication - -=over - -=item Internet Line Terminators - -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers - -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers - -=back - -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket - -=over - -=item A Simple Client - -C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort> - -=item A Webget Client - -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket - -=back - -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket - -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse - -=item UDP: Message Passing - -=item SysV IPC - -=item NOTES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>, -B<filter_fetch_value> - -=over - -=item The Filter - -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. - -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item The Perl Debugger - -=over - -=item Debugger Commands - -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] - -=item Configurable Options - -C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>, -C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>, -C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>, -C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, -C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, -C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop> - -=item Debugger input/output - -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing - -=item Debugging compile-time statements - -=item Debugger Customization - -=item Readline Support - -=item Editor Support for Debugging - -=item The Perl Profiler - -=back - -=item Debugging regular expressions - -=item Debugging memory usage - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Storing numbers - -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions - -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations - -Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except, -C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use -integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Debugger Internals - -=over - -=item Writing Your Own Debugger - -=back - -=item Frame Listing Output Examples - -=item Debugging regular expressions - -=over - -=item Compile-time output - -C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at> -I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass> -I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>, -C<anchored(TYPE)> - -=item Types of nodes - -=item Run-time output - -=back - -=item Debugging Perl memory usage - -=over - -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> - -C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk(): -SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail: -6144> - -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch - -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> - -=item B<-DL> details - -C<!!!>, C<!!>, C<!> - -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 perlsec - Perl security - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data - -=item Switches On the "#!" Line - -=item Cleaning Up Your Path - -=item Security Bugs - -=item Protecting Your Programs - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Awk Traps - -=item C Traps - -=item Sed Traps - -=item Shell Traps - -=item Perl Traps - -=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps - -Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical -Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, -Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, -Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps - -=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps - -Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, -Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, -Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance - -=item Parsing Traps - -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing - -=item Numerical Traps - -Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops - -=item General data type traps - -(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), -(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) - -=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts - -(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) - -=item Precedence Traps - -Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, -Precedence - -=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. - -Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular -Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression - -=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps - -(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle - -=item OS Traps - -(SysV), (SysV) - -=item Interpolation Traps - -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation - -=item DBM Traps - -DBM, DBM - -=item Unclassified Traps - -C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with -LIMIT specified - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is> -portable - -=item ISSUES - -=over - -=item Newlines - -=item Numbers endianness and Width - -=item Files and Filesystems - -=item System Interaction - -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) - -=item External Subroutines (XS) - -=item Standard Modules - -=item Time and Date - -=item Character sets and character encoding - -=item Internationalisation - -=item System Resources - -=item Security - -=item Style - -=back - -=item CPAN Testers - -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ - -=item PLATFORMS - -=over - -=item Unix - -=item DOS and Derivatives - -Build instructions for OS/2, L<perlos2> - -=item S<Mac OS> - -=item VMS - -=item VOS - -=item EBCDIC Platforms - -=item Acorn RISC OS - -=item Other perls - -=back - -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS - -=over - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions - --I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, -getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, -getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, -getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, -setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, -setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, -endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, -ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, -lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, -open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, -select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, -symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS - -=back - -=item CHANGES - -v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, -v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May -1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December -1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August -1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, -v1.23, 10 July 1998 - -=item Supported Platforms - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS - -=item VERSION - -=back - -=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Verbatim Paragraph - -=item Command Paragraph - -=item Ordinary Block of Text - -=item The Intent - -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules - -=item Common Pod Pitfalls - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item PREAMBLE - -B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from -Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?> - -=item ROADMAP - -=item Compiling your C program - -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program - -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program - -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program - -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program - -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program - -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter - -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances - -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program - -=back - -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 - -=item MORAL - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -B<PerlIO *>, B<PerlIO_stdin()>, B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, -B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>, B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, -B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>, -B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>, -B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>, -B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>, -B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>, -B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, -B<PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>, -B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()> - -=over - -=item Co-existence with stdio - -B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>, -B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>, -B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>, -B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>, B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, -B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, -B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)> - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Introduction - -=item On The Road - -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB - -=item The Argument Stack - -=item The RETVAL Variable - -=item The MODULE Keyword - -=item The PACKAGE Keyword - -=item The PREFIX Keyword - -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword - -=item The CODE: Keyword - -=item The INIT: Keyword - -=item The NO_INIT Keyword - -=item Initializing Function Parameters - -=item Default Parameter Values - -=item The PREINIT: Keyword - -=item The SCOPE: Keyword - -=item The INPUT: Keyword - -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists - -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword - -=item The PPCODE: Keyword - -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists - -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword - -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword - -=item The BOOT: Keyword - -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword - -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword - -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword - -=item The ALIAS: Keyword - -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword - -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword - -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword - -=item The CASE: Keyword - -=item The & Unary Operator - -=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives - -=item Using XS With C++ - -=item Interface Strategy - -=item Perl Objects And C Structures - -=item The Typemap - -=back - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item XS VERSION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SPECIAL NOTES - -=over - -=item make - -=item Version caveat - -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading - -=back - -=item TUTORIAL - -=over - -=item EXAMPLE 1 - -=item EXAMPLE 2 - -=item What has gone on? - -=item Writing good test scripts - -=item EXAMPLE 3 - -=item What's new here? - -=item Input and Output Parameters - -=item The XSUBPP Program - -=item The TYPEMAP file - -=item Warning about Output Arguments - -=item EXAMPLE 4 - -=item What has happened here? - -=item Anatomy of .xs file - -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs - -=item More about XSUB arguments - -=item The Argument Stack - -=item Extending your Extension - -=item Documenting your Extension - -=item Installing your Extension - -=item EXAMPLE 5 - -=item New Things in this Example - -=item EXAMPLE 6 (Coming Soon) - -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) - -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) - -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) - -=item Troubleshooting these Examples - -=back - -=item See also - -=item Author - -=over - -=item Last Changed - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Variables - -=over - -=item Datatypes - -=item What is an "IV"? - -=item Working with SVs - -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? - -=item Working with AVs - -=item Working with HVs - -=item Hash API Extensions - -=item References - -=item Blessed References and Class Objects - -=item Creating New Variables - -=item Reference Counts and Mortality - -=item Stashes and Globs - -=item Double-Typed SVs - -=item Magic Variables - -=item Assigning Magic - -=item Magic Virtual Tables - -=item Finding Magic - -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays - -=item Localizing changes - -C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>, -C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP -*op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char -*key, I32 length)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void -*p)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, -C<SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV -*gv)>, C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 -maxsarg)>, C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, -C<void save_hptr(HV **hptr)> - -=back - -=item Subroutines - -=over - -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack - -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs - -=item Memory Allocation - -=item PerlIO - -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack - -=item Scratchpads - -=item Scratchpads and recursion - -=back - -=item Compiled code - -=over - -=item Code tree - -=item Examining the tree - -=item Compile pass 1: check routines - -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding - -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation - -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization - -=back - -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported - -=over - -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT - -=item How do I use all this in extensions? - -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS - -=back - -=item AUTHORS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program - -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS - -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv - -=item FLAG VALUES - -=over - -=item G_VOID - -=item G_SCALAR - -=item G_ARRAY - -=item G_DISCARD - -=item G_NOARGS - -=item G_EVAL - -=item G_KEEPERR - -=item Determining the Context - -=back - -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item EXAMPLES - -=over - -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned - -=item Passing Parameters - -=item Returning a Scalar - -=item Returning a list of values - -=item Returning a list in a scalar context - -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list - -=item Using G_EVAL - -=item Using G_KEEPERR - -=item Using call_sv - -=item Using call_argv - -=item Using call_method - -=item Using GIMME_V - -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries - -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information - -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback - -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation - -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item DATE - -=back - -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Layout - -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref - -=back - -=item Using The Back Ends - -=over - -=item The Cross Referencing Back End - -i, &, s, r - -=item The Decompiling Back End - -=item The Lint Back End - -=item The Simple C Back End - -=item The Bytecode Back End - -=item The Optimized C Back End - -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref - -=back - -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -AvFILL, av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, -av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, -dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, -get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, -gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, -G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, -HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, -hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, -MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, -mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, -NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, -ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, -perl_run, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal, -PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, -PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, -require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, -strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, -SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_off, -SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, -SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, -SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, -SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, -SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV, -SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUV, -SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_cmp, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, -sv_len, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, -sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, -sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, -sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, -sv_setuv_mg, sv_unref, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_vcatpvfn, -sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, -XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, -XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, -XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, -Zero - -=item AUTHORS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal> - Perl functions - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHORS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item INTRODUCTION - -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN - -=over - -=item PUMPKIN? - -=back - -=item THE RECORDS - -=over - -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES - -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES - -=back - -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS - -=back - -=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION - -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -method, locked - -=back - -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Built-in Attributes - -locked, method, lvalue - -=item Available Subroutines - -get, reftype - -=item Package-specific Attribute Handling - -FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES - -=item Syntax of Attribute Lists - -=back - -=item EXPORTS - -=over - -=item Default exports - -=item Available exports - -=item Export tags defined - -=back - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -method, locked - -=back - -=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item WARNING - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item HISTORY - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character -semantics - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal -escape. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTES - -=item TECHNICAL NOTE - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning -diagnostics - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item The C<diagnostics> Pragma - -=item The I<splain> Program - -=back - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item INTERNALS - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 fields - compile-time class fields - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -new, phash - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item subpragma access - -=back - -=back - -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of -double - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Adding directories to @INC - -=item Deleting directories from @INC - -=item Restoring original @INC - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in -operations - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Declaration of overloaded functions - -=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations - -FALSE, TRUE, C<undef> - -=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations - -=item Calling Conventions for Mutators - -C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions - -=item Overloadable Operations - -I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>, -I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string -and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special> - -=item Inheritance and overloading - -Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation -is inherited by derived classes - -=back - -=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload> - -=over - -=item Last Resort - -=item Fallback - -C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE - -=item Copy Constructor - -B<Example> - -=back - -=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION - -I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>, -I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>, -I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>, -I<Copy operator> - -=item Losing overloading - -=item Run-time Overloading - -=item Public functions - -overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) - -=item Overloading constants - -integer, float, binary, q, qr - -=item IMPLEMENTATION - -=item Metaphor clash - -=item Cookbook - -=over - -=item Two-face scalars - -=item Two-face references - -=item Symbolic calculator - -=item I<Really> symbolic calculator - -=back - -=item AUTHOR - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -=over - -=item SIGNAL HANDLERS - -B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler> - -=item SIGNAL LISTS - -B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals> - -=item OTHER - -B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number> - -=back - -=item EXAMPLES - -=back - -=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs> - -=back - -=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled([$category]), -warnings::warn([$category,] $message) - -=back - -=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION - -=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item DBM Comparisons - -[0], [1], [2], [3] - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Subroutine Stubs - -=item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine - -=item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine - -=item Package Lexicals - -=item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader> - -=back - -=item CAVEATS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -$keep, $check, $modtime - -=over - -=item Multiple packages - -=back - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -=back - -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES - -=over - -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES - -=item B::SV METHODS - -REFCNT, FLAGS - -=item B::IV METHODS - -IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv - -=item B::NV METHODS - -NV, NVX - -=item B::RV METHODS - -RV - -=item B::PV METHODS - -PV - -=item B::PVMG METHODS - -MAGIC, SvSTASH - -=item B::MAGIC METHODS - -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR - -=item B::PVLV METHODS - -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG - -=item B::BM METHODS - -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE - -=item B::GV METHODS - -is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, -FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS - -=item B::IO METHODS - -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS - -=item B::AV METHODS - -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS - -=item B::CV METHODS - -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS - -=item B::HV METHODS - -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY - -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES - -=item B::OP METHODS - -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private - -=item B::UNOP METHOD - -first - -=item B::BINOP METHOD - -last - -=item B::LOGOP METHOD - -other - -=item B::LISTOP METHOD - -children - -=item B::PMOP METHODS - -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp - -=item B::SVOP METHOD - -sv, gv - -=item B::PADOP METHOD - -padix - -=item B::PVOP METHOD - -pv - -=item B::LOOP METHODS - -redoop, nextop, lastop - -=item B::COP METHODS - -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line - -=back - -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B> - -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), -hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item DIFFERENCES - -=over - -=item Loops - -=item Context of ".." - -=item Arithmetic - -=item Deprecated features - -=back - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I<PACKAGE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>, -B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.> - -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE - -=over - -=item Synopsis - -=item Description - -=item new - -=item coderef2text - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS - -B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>, -B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none> - -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS - -B<-u Package> - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONVENTIONS - -=item IMPLEMENTATION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Methods - -new, debug, iters - -=item Standard Exports - -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) - -=item Optional Exports - -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( -), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) - -=back - -=item NOTES - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item INHERITANCE - -=item CAVEATS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS - -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item ABSTRACT - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE - -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES - -1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. Forexample, --value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values, -3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values' - -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): - -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE - -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: - -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: - -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: - -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: - -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: - -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: - -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: - -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: - -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: - -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: - -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: - -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS - -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE - -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> - -=item PRAGMAS - --any, -compile, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, --private_tempfiles - -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS - -1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -</TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a </UL> tag) - -=back - -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS - -=over - -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: - -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER - -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER - -B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6.. - -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: - -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: - -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL - -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>) - -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS - -=back - -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: - -=over - -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS - -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS - -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION - -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS - -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML - -=back - -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: - -=over - -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG - -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM - -B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data> - -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD - -B<Parameters> - -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD - -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD - -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD - -B<Parameters> - -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU - -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST - -B<Parameters:> - -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES - -B<Parameters:> - -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX - -B<Parameters:> - -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP - -B<Parameters:> - -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON - -B<Parameters:> - -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON - -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON - -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD - -B<Parameters:> - -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON - -B<Parameters:>, 3.The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type, -and may be -TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE - -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON - -=back - -=item HTTP COOKIES - -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> - -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES - -1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the <FORM> tag - -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS - -=item DEBUGGING - -=over - -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS - -=back - -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES - -B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>, -B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>Return the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering -scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host -()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>, -B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()> - -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS - -In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters in the B<header()> and B<redirect()> statements: - -=item Server Push - -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end() - -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks - -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> - -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION - -=item CREDITS - -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. - -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item ABSTRACT - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES - -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW - -=over - -=item Changing the default message - -=back - -=item CHANGE LOG - -=item AUTHORS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item USING CGI::Cookie - -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> - -=over - -=item Creating New Cookies - -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser - -=item Recovering Previous Cookies - -=item Manipulating Cookies - -B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()> - -=back - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE - -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS - -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS - -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Tags that won't be formatted - -=item Customizing the Indenting - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item USING CGI::Push - --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires - -=over - -=item Heterogeneous Pages - -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly - -=back - -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item ABSTRACT - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Interactive Mode - -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, Signals - -=item CPAN::Shell - -=item autobundle - -=item recompile - -=item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution - -=item ProgrammerE<39>s interface - -expand($type,@things), Programming Examples - -=item Methods in the four Classes - -=item Cache Manager - -=item Bundles - -=item Prerequisites - -=item Finding packages and VERSION - -=item Debugging - -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode - -=back - -=item CONFIGURATION - -C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt> -E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list -optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt> -[unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>> - -=over - -=item Note on urllist parameter's format - -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support - -=back - -=item SECURITY - -=item EXPORT - -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES - -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS - -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Forcing a Stack Trace - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 Carp::Heavy - Carp guts - -=over - -=item SYNOPIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item The C<struct()> function - -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods - -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) - -=item Initializing with C<new> - -=back - -=item EXAMPLES - -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 - -=item Author and Modification History - -=back - -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item WARNING - -=item GLOSSARY - -=over - -=item _ - -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> - -=item a - -C<afs>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>, C<api_revision>, -C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>, C<ar>, C<archlib>, -C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>, C<awk> - -=item b - -C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, -C<byacc>, C<byteorder> - -=item c - -C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>, -C<ccsymbols>, C<cf_by>, C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, -C<chmod>, C<chown>, C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress> - -=item C - -C<CONFIGDOTSH>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>, C<cpp_stuff>, -C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>, C<cpprun>, -C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh> - -=item d - -C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>, C<d_atolf>, -C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bincompat5005>, -C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, -C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, -C<d_closedir>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>, -C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, -C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, -C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>, -C<d_endsent>, C<d_endspent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchmod>, -C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, -C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fpathconf>, -C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, -C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, -C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, -C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostprotos>, -C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, -C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpbyname>, -C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, -C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getpwent>, -C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>, -C<d_getspent>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, -C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>, C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, -C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, -C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, -C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, -C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, -C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, -C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, -C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, -C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, -C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, -C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, -C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_phostname>, -C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, -C<d_PRIEldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGldbl>, -C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIX64>, -C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, -C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, -C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_rename>, -C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, -C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, -C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, -C<d_semop>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, -C<d_sethent>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, -C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setpwent>, -C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, -C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setspent>, C<d_setvbuf>, -C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, -C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_socket>, -C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_statblks>, -C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, -C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, -C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, -C<d_strerror>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, -C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, -C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, -C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, -C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>, -C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, -C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>, -C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, -C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, -C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, -C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext> - -=item e - -C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>, -C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions> - -=item f - -C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>, -C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed> - -=item g - -C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, -C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip> - -=item h - -C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<huge> - -=item i - -C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>, -C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>, -C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>, -C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, -C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, -C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, -C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, -C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, -C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, -C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, -C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, -C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, -C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, -C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, -C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, -C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, -C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, -C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, -C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, -C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, -C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>, -C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, -C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype> - -=item k - -C<known_extensions>, C<ksh> - -=item l - -C<large>, C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldlibpthname>, C<less>, -C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>, -C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>, C<line>, C<lint>, -C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, -C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, -C<lseektype> - -=item m - -C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>, -C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>, -C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext> - -=item M - -C<Mcc>, C<medium>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<models>, -C<modetype>, C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, -C<myhostname>, C<myuname> - -=item n - -C<n>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>, C<netdb_name_type>, -C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>, C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, -C<nvsize>, C<nvtype> - -=item o - -C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>, -C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers> - -=item p - -C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>, -C<perl> - -=item P - -C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>, -C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>, C<pm_apiversion>, -C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>, -C<prototype>, C<ptrsize> - -=item q - -C<quadkind>, C<quadtype> - -=item r - -C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>, -C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm> - -=item s - -C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>, -C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, -C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>, -C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<signal_t>, -C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>, -C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, -C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<small>, C<so>, -C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, -C<spitshell>, C<split>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEldbl>, -C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, -C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIX64>, C<src>, C<ssizetype>, -C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, -C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>, -C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman> - -=item t - -C<tail>, C<tar>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>, C<timetype>, -C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff> - -=item u - -C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>, -C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>, -C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>, -C<use64bitint>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, -C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, -C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>, -C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, -C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, -C<uvxformat> - -=item v - -C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>, -C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>, -C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<vi>, C<voidflags> - -=item x - -C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion> - -=item z - -C<zcat>, C<zip> - -=back - -=item NOTE - -=back - -=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Global Variables - - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno - -=item API Methods - -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() - -=item Client Callback Methods - -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) - -=back - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO> - -=over - -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 - -=item Interface to Berkeley DB - -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File - -=item Default Parameters - -=item In Memory Databases - -=back - -=item DB_HASH - -=over - -=item A Simple Example - -=back - -=item DB_BTREE - -=over - -=item Changing the BTREE sort order - -=item Handling Duplicate Keys - -=item The get_dup() Method - -=item The find_dup() Method - -=item The del_dup() Method - -=item Matching Partial Keys - -=back - -=item DB_RECNO - -=over - -=item The 'bval' Option - -=item A Simple Example - -=item Extra RECNO Methods - -B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>, -B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length> - -=item Another Example - -=back - -=item THE API INTERFACE - -B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;> - -=item DBM FILTERS - -B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>, -B<filter_fetch_value> - -=over - -=item The Filter - -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. - -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. - -=back - -=item HINTS AND TIPS - -=over - -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd - -=item Safe ways to lock a database - -B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock> - -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications - -=item The untie() Gotcha - -=back - -=item COMMON QUESTIONS - -=over - -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? - -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? - -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? - -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? - -=back - -=item REFERENCES - -=item HISTORY - -=item BUGS - -=item AVAILABILITY - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C<eval> - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Methods - -I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or> -I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset - -=item Functions - -Dumper(I<LIST>) - -=item Configuration Variables or Methods - -$Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>) - -=item Exports - -Dumper - -=back - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item VERSION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item PROFILE FORMAT - -=item AUTOLOAD - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=over - -=item A simple scalar string - -=item A simple scalar number - -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference - -=item A reference to a simple scalar - -=item A reference to an array - -=item A reference to a hash - -=item Dumping a large array or hash - -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer - -=item A reference to a subroutine - -=back - -=item EXPORTS - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Creation - -C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, -C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>, -C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal - -=item Methods - -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get - -=back - -=back - -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation -variables - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or -arrays - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item LIMITATIONS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Errno - System errno constants - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item How to Export - -=item Selecting What To Export - -=item Specialised Import Lists - -=item Exporting without using Export's import method - -=item Module Version Checking - -=item Managing Unknown Symbols - -=item Tag Handling Utility Functions - -=back - -=back - -=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts - -=over - -=item SYNOPIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in -Makefiles etc. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -cat - -eqtime src dst - -rm_f files... - -rm_f files... - -touch files .. - -mv source... destination - -cp source... destination - -chmod mode files.. - -mkpath directory.. - -test_f file - -=over - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item @EXPORT - -=item FUNCTIONS - -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item USAGE - -=item FUNCTIONS - -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions - -=over - -=item EXTRALIBS - -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH - -=item BSLOADLIBS - -=back - -=item PORTABILITY - -=over - -=item VMS implementation - -=item Win32 implementation - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -=over - -=item Preloaded methods - -canonpath - -=back - -=back - -catdir - -catfile - -curdir - -rootdir - -updir - -=over - -=item SelfLoaded methods - -c_o (o) - -=back - -cflags (o) - -clean (o) - -const_cccmd (o) - -const_config (o) - -const_loadlibs (o) - -constants (o) - -depend (o) - -dir_target (o) - -dist (o) - -dist_basics (o) - -dist_ci (o) - -dist_core (o) - -dist_dir (o) - -dist_test (o) - -dlsyms (o) - -dynamic (o) - -dynamic_bs (o) - -dynamic_lib (o) - -exescan - -extliblist - -file_name_is_absolute - -find_perl - -=over - -=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile - -fixin - -=back - -force (o) - -guess_name - -has_link_code - -htmlifypods (o) - -init_dirscan - -init_main - -init_others - -install (o) - -installbin (o) - -libscan (o) - -linkext (o) - -lsdir - -macro (o) - -makeaperl (o) - -makefile (o) - -manifypods (o) - -maybe_command - -maybe_command_in_dirs - -needs_linking (o) - -nicetext - -parse_version - -parse_abstract - -pasthru (o) - -path - -perl_script - -perldepend (o) - -ppd - -perm_rw (o) - -perm_rwx (o) - -pm_to_blib - -post_constants (o) - -post_initialize (o) - -postamble (o) - -prefixify - -processPL (o) - -realclean (o) - -replace_manpage_separator - -static (o) - -static_lib (o) - -staticmake (o) - -subdir_x (o) - -subdirs (o) - -test (o) - -test_via_harness (o) - -test_via_script (o) - -tool_autosplit (o) - -tools_other (o) - -tool_xsubpp (o) - -top_targets (o) - -writedoc - -xs_c (o) - -xs_cpp (o) - -xs_o (o) - -perl_archive - -export_list - -=over - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Methods always loaded - -wraplist - -=back - -=back - -rootdir (override) - -=over - -=item SelfLoaded methods - -guess_name (override) - -=back - -find_perl (override) - -path (override) - -maybe_command (override) - -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) - -perl_script (override) - -file_name_is_absolute (override) - -replace_manpage_separator - -init_others (override) - -constants (override) - -cflags (override) - -const_cccmd (override) - -pm_to_blib (override) - -tool_autosplit (override) - -tool_sxubpp (override) - -xsubpp_version (override) - -tools_other (override) - -dist (override) - -c_o (override) - -xs_c (override) - -xs_o (override) - -top_targets (override) - -dlsyms (override) - -dynamic_lib (override) - -dynamic_bs (override) - -static_lib (override) - -manifypods (override) - -processPL (override) - -installbin (override) - -subdir_x (override) - -clean (override) - -realclean (override) - -dist_basics (override) - -dist_core (override) - -dist_dir (override) - -dist_test (override) - -install (override) - -perldepend (override) - -makefile (override) - -test (override) - -test_via_harness (override) - -test_via_script (override) - -makeaperl (override) - -nicetext (override) - -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -catfile - -constants (o) - -static_lib (o) - -dynamic_bs (o) - -dynamic_lib (o) - -canonpath - -perl_script - -pm_to_blib - -test_via_harness (o) - -tool_autosplit (override) - -tools_other (o) - -xs_o (o) - -top_targets (o) - -htmlifypods (o) - -manifypods (o) - -dist_ci (o) - -dist_core (o) - -pasthru (o) - -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item How To Write A Makefile.PL - -=item Default Makefile Behaviour - -=item make test - -=item make testdb - -=item make install - -=item PREFIX and LIB attribute - -=item AFS users - -=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary - -=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations - -=item Which architecture dependent directory? - -=item Using Attributes and Parameters - -AUTHOR, ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, PERL_MALLOC_OK, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, -LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, -NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, -PM, PMLIBDIRS, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, -PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, -XS_VERSION - -=item Additional lowercase attributes - -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit - -=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods - -=item Hintsfile support - -=item Distribution Support - - make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci - -=item Disabling an extension - -=back - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -PERL_MM_OPT - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item MANIFEST.SKIP - -=item EXPORT_OK - -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, -C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file> - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic -extension - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME - -=item AUTHOR - -=item REVISION - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item USAGE - -=item FUNCTIONS - -new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS - -=back - -=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse - -=item EXAMPLES - -C<basename>, C<dirname> - -=back - -=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item RETURN - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) - -rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) - -=back - -=item RETURN - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXPORTS (by request only) - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item HISTORY - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<follow>, C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, -C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip> - -=item CAVEAT - -=back - -=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>, C<GLOB_NOSORT>, -C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>, C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH> - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND> - -=item NOTES - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHORS - -=back - -=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS - -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Exports - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -canonpath - -=back - -catdir - -catfile - -curdir - -devnull - -rootdir - -tmpdir - -updir - -file_name_is_absolute - -path - -splitpath - -splitdir - -catpath - -abs2rel - -rel2abs - -=over - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -canonpath - -=back - -catdir - -catfile - -curdir - -devnull - -rootdir - -tmpdir - -updir - -no_upwards - -case_tolerant - -file_name_is_absolute - -path - -join - -splitpath - -splitdir - -catpath - -abs2rel - -rel2abs - -=over - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -eliminate_macros - -=back - -fixpath - -=over - -=item Methods always loaded - -canonpath (override) - -=back - -catdir - -catfile - -curdir (override) - -devnull (override) - -rootdir (override) - -tmpdir (override) - -updir (override) - -case_tolerant (override) - -path (override) - -file_name_is_absolute (override) - -splitpath (override) - -splitdir (override) - -catpath (override) - -abs2rel (override) - -rel2abs (override) - -=over - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -devnull - -=back - -tmpdir - -catfile - -canonpath - -splitpath - -splitdir - -catpath - -abs2rel - -rel2abs - -=over - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES - -=item KNOWN BUGS - -=item AUTHORS - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AVAILABILITY - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Command Line Options, an Introduction - -=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long - -=over - -=item Simple options - -=item A little bit less simple options - -=item Mixing command line option with other arguments - -=item Options with values - -=item Options with multiple values - -=item Options with hash values - -=item User-defined subroutines to handle options - -=item Options with multiple names - -=item Case and abbreviations - -=item Summary of Option Specifications - -!, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ] - -=back - -=item Advanced Possibilities - -=over - -=item Documentation and help texts - -=item Storing options in a hash - -=item Bundling - -=item The lonesome dash - -=item Argument call-back - -=back - -=item Configuring Getopt::Long - -default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute, bundling -(default: reset), bundling_override (default: reset), ignore_case -(default: set), ignore_case_always (default: reset), pass_through (default: -reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset) - -=item Return values and Errors - -=item Legacy - -=over - -=item Default destinations - -=item Alternative option starters - -=item Configuration variables - -=back - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER - -=back - -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current -locale - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 IO - load various IO modules - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile - -=item METHODS - -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) - -=item METHODS - -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint - -=item NOTE - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item BUGS - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) - -=item METHODS - -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) - -=item METHODS - -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS - -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=over - -=item METHODS - -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS - -hostpath(), peerpath() - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory -handles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile - -=item METHODS - -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O -handles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) - -=item METHODS - -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint - -=item NOTE - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item BUGS - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) - -=item METHODS - -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for -I/O objects - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system -call - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) - -=item METHODS - -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket -communications - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS - -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for -AF_INET domain sockets - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=over - -=item METHODS - -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for -AF_UNIX domain sockets - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS - -hostpath(), peerpath() - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item WARNING - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error -handling - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item WARNING - -=back - -=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -ftok( PATH, ID ) - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object -class - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is -performed - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -Canonical notation, Input, Output - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item Autocreating constants - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS - -B<tan> - -=over - -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO - -=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS - -=back - -=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS - -=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS - -=over - -=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS - -=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS - -cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, -cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical - -=back - -=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHORS - -=back - -=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item Functions - -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); - -=back - -=item WARNING - -=item NOTES - -=back - -=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() -functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() -functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() -functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() -functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONVENTIONS - -=item IMPLEMENTATION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item WARNING - -=item Operator Names and Operator Lists - -an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname -or optag, an operator set (opset) - -=item Opcode Functions - -opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), -full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), -define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), -opdump (PAT) - -=item Manipulating Opsets - -=item TO DO (maybe) - -=back - -=over - -=item Predefined Opcode Tags - -:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, -:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, -:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, -:dangerous - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS - -=back - -=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted -compartments - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -a new namespace, an operator mask - -=item WARNING - -=over - -=item RECENT CHANGES - -=item Methods in class Safe - -permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, -...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from -(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), -root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) - -=item Some Safety Issues - -Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=back - -=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when -compiling - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item CAVEATS - -=item FUNCTIONS - -_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, -atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, -clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, -cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, -execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, -fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, -fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, -fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, -getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, -getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, -iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, -isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, -longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, -memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, -opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, -qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, -rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, -setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, -sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, -strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, -strncat, strncmp, strncpy, stroul, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, -strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, -tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, -tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, -ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, -wcstombs, wctomb, write - -=item CLASSES - -=over - -=item POSIX::SigAction - -new - -=item POSIX::SigSet - -new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember - -=item POSIX::Termios - -new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, -getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, -setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc -field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field -values, c_oflag field values - -=back - -=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS - -Constants - -=item POSIX CONSTANTS - -Constants - -=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION - -Constants - -=item ERRNO - -Constants - -=item FCNTL - -Constants - -=item FLOAT - -Constants - -=item LIMITS - -Constants - -=item LOCALE - -Constants - -=item MATH - -Constants - -=item SIGNAL - -Constants - -=item STAT - -Constants, Macros - -=item STDLIB - -Constants - -=item STDIO - -Constants - -=item TIME - -Constants - -=item UNISTD - -Constants - -=item WAIT - -Constants, Macros - -=item CREATION - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS - -=over - -=item podchecker() - -B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val> - -=back - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -=over - -=item Errors - -empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without -previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end -without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, -unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown -interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands -I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity -number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>, -empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) -after =back - -=item Warnings - -multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but -whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, No numeric -argument for =over, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item -paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one> vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped -C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument -for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME -section, Hyperlinks - -=back - -=item RETURN VALUE - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item INTERFACE - -=back - -C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts}, -@args )> - -C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()> - -C<$checker-E<gt>name()> - -C<$checker-E<gt>node()> - -C<$checker-E<gt>idx()> - -C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()> - -=over - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item ARGUMENTS - -backlink, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, -libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, -verbose - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=back - -=head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, -commands, etc. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item REQUIRES - -=item EXPORTS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -B<Pod::InputSource>, B<Pod::Paragraph>, B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, -B<Pod::ParseTree> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<Pod::InputSource> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<new()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<name()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<handle()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<was_cutting()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<Pod::Paragraph> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<new()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<cmd_name()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<text()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<raw_text()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<cmd_prefix()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<cmd_separator()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<parse_tree()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<file_line()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<Pod::InteriorSequence> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<new()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<cmd_name()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<prepend()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<append()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<nested()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<raw_text()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<left_delimiter()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<right_delimiter()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<parse_tree()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<file_line()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<DESTROY()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<Pod::ParseTree> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<new()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<top()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<children()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<prepend()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<append()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<raw_text()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<DESTROY()> - -=back - -=over - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, release, -section - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not `%s', Invalid link %s, Unknown escape -EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=over - -=item Pod::List - -new() - -=back - -file() - -start() - -indent() - -type() - -rx() - -item() - -parent() - -tag() - -=over - -=item Pod::Hyperlink - -new() - -=back - -parse($string) - -markup($string) - -text() - -warning() - -line(), file() - -page() - -node() - -alttext() - -type() - -link() - -=over - -=item Pod::Cache - -new() - -=back - -item() - -find_page($name) - -=over - -=item Pod::Cache::Item - -new() - -=back - -page() - -description() - -path() - -file() - -nodes() - -find_node($name) - -idx() - -=over - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item REQUIRES - -=item EXPORTS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item QUICK OVERVIEW - -=item PARSING OPTIONS - -B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset), -B<-warnings> (default: unset) - -=back - -=over - -=item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES - -=back - -=over - -=item B<command()> - -C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<verbatim()> - -C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<textblock()> - -C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<interior_sequence()> - -=back - -=over - -=item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES - -=back - -=over - -=item B<new()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<initialize()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<begin_pod()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<begin_input()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<end_input()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<end_pod()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<preprocess_line()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<preprocess_paragraph()> - -=back - -=over - -=item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING - -=back - -=over - -=item B<parse_text()> - -B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt> -I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt> -I<code-ref>|I<method-name> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<interpolate()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<parse_paragraph()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<parse_from_filehandle()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<parse_from_file()> - -=back - -=over - -=item ACCESSOR METHODS - -=back - -=over - -=item B<errorsub()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<cutting()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<parseopts()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<output_file()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<output_handle()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<input_file()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<input_handle()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<input_streams()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<top_stream()> - -=back - -=over - -=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA - -=back - -=over - -=item B<_push_input_stream()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<_pop_input_stream()> - -=back - -=over - -=item TREE-BASED PARSING - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item EXPORT - -=back - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from -input - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item REQUIRES - -=item EXPORTS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS - -=item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS - -=back - -=over - -=item OBJECT METHODS - -=back - -=over - -=item B<curr_headings()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<select()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<add_selection()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<clear_selections()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<match_section()> - -=back - -=over - -=item B<is_selected()> - -=back - -=over - -=item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS - -=back - -=over - -=item B<podselect()> - -B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> - -=back - -=over - -=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA - -=back - -=over - -=item B<_compile_section_spec()> - -=back - -=over - -=item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS} - -=back - -=over - -=item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS} - -=back - -=over - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -alt, indent, loose, sentence, width - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, -Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back - -=item RESTRICTIONS - -=item NOTES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII -text with format escapes - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod -documentation - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item ARGUMENTS - -C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>, -C<-pathlist> - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=over - -=item Recommended Use - -=back - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -=back - -=head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -a new namespace, an operator mask - -=item WARNING - -=over - -=item RECENT CHANGES - -=item Methods in class Safe - -permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, -...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from -(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), -root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) - -=item Some Safety Issues - -Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=back - -=head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item The __DATA__ token - -=item SelfLoader autoloading - -=item Autoloading and package lexicals - -=item SelfLoader and AutoLoader - -=item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle. - -=item Classes and inherited methods. - -=back - -=item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names - -=back - -=head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C -socket.h defines and structure manipulators - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, -INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, -pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN - -=back - -=head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl -interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - -Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -Invalid attribute name %s, Identifier %s used only once: possible typo, No -comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword %s not allowed while "strict subs" -in use - -=item RESTRICTIONS - -=item AUTHORS - -=back - -=head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=back - -=head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt> - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If -no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Minimal set of supported functions - -C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>, -C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features> - -=item Additional supported functions - -C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY> - -=item EXPORTS - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -=back - -=head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item TEST TYPES - -NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS - -=item RETURN VALUE - -=item ONFAIL - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item The test script output - -=back - -=item EXPORT - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests -%s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat -%d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. -%s> - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLE - -=back - -=head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of -arrays - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -0a simple word, 1multiple spaces are skipped because of our $delim, 2use of -quotes to include a space in a word, 3use of a backslash to include a space -in a word, 4use of a backslash to remove the special meaning of a -double-quote, 5another simple word (note the lack of effect of the -backslashed double-quote) - -=item AUTHORS - -=back - -=head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described -by Knuth - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item LIMITATIONS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and -unexpand(1) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to -change) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item FUNCTIONS - -new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, -Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, -cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield - -=item METHODS - -join, eval, detach, equal, tid - -=item LIMITATIONS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS - -new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS - -new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER - -=back - -=head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, -FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, -key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, -SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied -handles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this, -LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset, -READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this, -EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this - -=item MORE INFORMATION - -=back - -=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this - -=item CAVEATS - -=item MORE INFORMATION - -=back - -=head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR - -=item VERSION - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied -scalars - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this - -=item MORE INFORMATION - -=back - -=head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CAVEATS - -=back - -=head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item IMPLEMENTATION - -=item BUGS - -=back - -=head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() -function - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() -function - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references) - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa ( -VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD ) - -=back - -=head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() -functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() -functions - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over - -=item System Specifics - -=back - -=item NOTE - -=item AUTHOR - -=item HISTORY - -March 18th, 2000 - -=back - -=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION - -Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they -don't all have manual pages yet: - -=over - -=item a2p - -=item s2p - -=item find2perl - -=item h2ph - -=item c2ph - -=item h2xs - -=item xsubpp - -=item pod2man - -=item wrapsuid - -=back - -=head1 AUTHOR - -Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles -of other folks. - |