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diff --git a/share/doc/FAQ/freebsd-faq.sgml b/share/doc/FAQ/freebsd-faq.sgml index 3acae34dcdb2..17052a81b13b 100644 --- a/share/doc/FAQ/freebsd-faq.sgml +++ b/share/doc/FAQ/freebsd-faq.sgml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <title>Frequently Asked Questions for FreeBSD 2.X <author>The FreeBSD FAQ Team, <tt/FAQ@FreeBSD.ORG/ -<date> $Id: freebsd-faq.sgml,v 1.8 1995/07/29 22:35:40 roberto Exp $ +<date> $Id: freebsd-faq.sgml,v 1.9 1995/07/30 01:44:51 roberto Exp $ <abstract> This is the FAQ for FreeBSD systems version 2.X All entries are assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 2.0.5+, unless otherwise noted. @@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. <toc> <sect>Preface - <p> Welcome to the FreeBSD 2.X FAQ ! This document tries to answer some of the most frequently asked questions about FreeBSD 2.X (or @@ -42,14 +41,15 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. name="roberto@FreeBSD.ORG"> Some of the instructions here will also refer to auxiliary - utilities in the <tt>/usr/src/share/FAQ directory</tt>. If you do + utilities in the <tt>/usr/share/FAQ/Text</tt> directory. If you do not have this directory, or if it does not contain the file that you want, you are probably using a version of FreeBSD prior to 2.0.5R. In this case, install the FreeBSD sources and look in - <tt>/usr/src/share/FAQ</tt> (instead of <tt>/usr/share/FAQ</tt>). - CDROM purchasers and net folks who've grabbed the FreeBSD 2.X - ``<tt/srcdist/'' will have these files. If you don't have the - source distribution, then you can either grab the whole thing from: + <tt>/usr/src/share/FAQ/Text</tt> (instead of + <tt>/usr/share/FAQ</tt>). CDROM purchasers and net folks who've + grabbed the FreeBSD 2.X ``<tt/srcdist/'' will have these files. If + you don't have the source distribution, then you can either grab + the whole thing from: <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-current" name="FreeBSD-current base directory"> @@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. name="FreeBSD-current src directory"> <sect1>What is FreeBSD? - <p> FreeBSD 2.X is a UN*X type operating system based on U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite release for the i386 platform. It is @@ -70,7 +69,6 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. bug fixes made throughout the entire system, some of the highlights of which are: - <itemize> <item>More robust and extensive PC device support <item>System V-style IPC, messaging and semaphores @@ -90,35 +88,32 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. <sect1>What do I need to run FreeBSD? <p> - See section 2, "Hardware compatibility", of this FAQ. + You'll need a 386 or better PC, with 4 Mo or more of RAM and at + least 60 MB of hard disk space. It can run with a low end MDA + card but to run X11R6, a VGA or better video card is needed. + + See the section on <ref id="hardware" name="Hardware compatibility"> <sect1>Where can I get FreeBSD? <p> The distribution is available via anonymous ftp from: - - <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/" name="FreeBSD - home directory"> + <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/" name="FreeBSD home directory"> For the current release, 2.0.5R, look in: + <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.0.5-RELEASE/" name="FreeBSD 2.0.5-RELEASE"> - <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.0.5-RELEASE/" - name="FreeBSD 2.0.5-RELEASE"> - FreeBSD is also available via CDROM, from the following place(s): Walnut Creek CDROM<newline> 4041 Pike Lane, Suite D-386<newline> Concord, CA 94520 USA<newline> - Orders: (800)-786-9907<newline> - Questions: (510)-674-0783<newline> - FAX: (510)-674-0821<newline> - email: <url url="mailto:orders@cdrom.com" name="WC Orders - address"> <newline> - WWW: <url url="http://www.cdrom.com/" name="WC Home - page"><newline> + Orders: (800)-786-9907<newline> + Questions: (510)-674-0783<newline> + FAX: (510)-674-0821<newline> + email: <url url="mailto:orders@cdrom.com" name="WC Orders address"> <newline> + WWW: <url url="http://www.cdrom.com/" name="WC Home page"><newline> <sect1>What are the FreeBSD mailing lists, and how can I get on them? - <p> The following mailing lists are provided for FreeBSD users and developers. For more information, send to @@ -148,18 +143,30 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. meeting synopsis and coordination of projects that span User Groups </descrip> - <p> The FreeBSD-commit list has been broken up into groups dealing with different areas of interest. Please see the FreeBSD mailing list FAQ in: - <verb> - /usr/src/share/FAQ/mailing-list.FAQ + /usr/src/share/FAQ/Text/mailing-list.FAQ + </verb> + <p> + Example: + <p> + To subscribe to the <tt/questions/ list, you'll to send a message + containing the following command in the <bf/body/ of the message, + the subject is ignored: + <verb> + subscribe questions john.smith@foo.bar (John Smith) </verb> + <p> + To unsubscribe, it is as easy. Just remember to send your request + to + <url url="mailto:Majordomo@FreeBSD.ORG" name="The mail administrator"> + <bf/not/ to the list itself. The last thing the subscribred + users want to see is administrative requests... <sect1>What are the various FreeBSD news groups? - <p> There are two newsgroups currently dedicated to FreeBSD: <descrip> @@ -172,6 +179,10 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. <tag><tt/comp.unix.bsd/</tag> General BSD topics </descrip> + To setup/run your own News server or just reading Usenet News, + you may have a look at various packages already ported for + FreeBSD 2.X in <tt>/usr/ports/news</tt>. You'll find Cnews, INN, + Trn, TIN and others there. </sect1> <sect1>Books on FreeBSD @@ -179,6 +190,15 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. There currently aren't any books written specifically for FreeBSD, although some people are supposedly working on some. + The FreeBSD Documentation Project exists, you may contact (or + better join them) on the <tt>doc</tt> mailing list: + <url url="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.ORG" name="<doc@FreeBSD.ORG>">. + + A FreeBSD ``handbook'' is being created, and can be found as: + + <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/How/handbook/" name="FreeBSD's Handbook"> + Note that this is a work in progress, and so parts may be incomplete. + However, as FreeBSD 2.X is based upon Berkeley 4.4BSD-Lite, most of the 4.4BSD manuals are applicable to FreeBSD 2.X. O'Reilly and Associates publishes these manuals: @@ -246,14 +266,10 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. If you have WWW access, the FreeBSD home page is at: <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/" name="Main FreeBSD page"> - - A FreeBSD ``handbook'' is being created, and can be found as: - - <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/How/handbook/" name="FreeBSD's - Handbook"> - - Note that this is a work in progress, and so parts may be incomplete. - + + The FreeBSD handbook has a pretty complete bibliography, look at: + <url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook/bibliography.html" name="Bibliography"> + <sect>FreeBSD goals <p> <sect1>Copyrights @@ -281,8 +297,8 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. <p> <bf/IMPORTANT NOTE/ if you are installing 2.0.5R from tape, see - the question titled, <ref id="install-tape" name="Help! I can't - install from tape!"> + the question titled, + <ref id="install-tape" name="Help! I can't install from tape!"> Installation instructions can be found as: @@ -301,9 +317,65 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. README.TXT -- Basic README file RELNOTES -- Release notes </verb> - - <sect1>Help! I can't install from tape! The install fails with a - ``record too big'' error! <label id="install-tape"> + + <sect1>Help! I have no space! Do I need to delete everything first? + + <p> + If your machine is already running DOS and has little or no free + space available for FreeBSD's installation, all is not lost! You + may find the ``<tt/FIPS/'' utility, provided in the + <tt>tools/</tt> subdirectory on the FreeBSD CDROM or on the + various FreeBSD ftp sites, to be quite useful. + + FIPS allows you to split an existing DOS partition into two + pieces, preserving the original partition and allowing you to + install onto the second free piece. You first ``defrag'' your + DOS partition, using the DOS 6.xx <tt/DEFRAG/ utility or the + Norton Disk tools, then run <tt/FIPS/. It will prompt you for + the rest of the information it needs. Afterwards, you can reboot + and install FreeBSD on the new free slice. See the Distributions + menu for an estimation of how much free space you'll need for the + kind of installation you want. + + <sect1>Can I use compressed DOS filesystems from FreeBSD? + + <p> + No. If you are using a utility such as Stacker(tm) or + DoubleSpace(tm), FreeBSD will only be able to use whatever + portion of the filesystem you leave uncompressed. The rest of + the filesystem will show up as one large file (the + stacked/dblspaced file!). <bf/DO NOT REMOVE THAT FILE!/ You will + probably regret it greatly! + + It is probably better to create another uncompressed DOS primary + partition and use this for communications between DOS and + FreeBSD. + + <sect1>Can I mount my DOS extended partitions? + + <p> + This feature isn't in FreeBSD 2.0.5 but should be in 2.1. We've + laid all the groundwork for making this happen, now we just need + to do the last 1% of the work involved. + + <sect1>Can I run DOS binaries under FreeBSD? + + <p> + Not yet! We'd like to add support for this someday, but are + still lacking anyone to actually do the work. Ongoing work with + Linux's <tt/DOSEMU/ utility may bring this much closer to being a + reality sometime soon. Send mail to + <url url="mailto:hackers@freebsd.org" + name="The FreeBSD hackers list"> + if you're interested in joining this effort! + + However, there is a neat utility called ``<tt/pcemu/'' in the + ports collection which emulates an 8088 and enough BIOS services + to run DOS text mode applications. It requires the X Window + System (provided as XFree86 3.1.2). + + <sect1>Help! I can't install from tape! The install fails with a ``record too big'' error! + <label id="install-tape"> <p> If you are installing 2.0.5R from tape, you must create the tape using a tar blocksize of 10 (5120 bytes). The default tar @@ -312,9 +384,8 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. you will get an error that complains about the record size being too big. - <sect1>I want to install FreeBSD onto a SCSI disk that has more than - 1024 cylinders. How do I do it? - + <sect1>I want to install FreeBSD onto a SCSI disk that has more than 1024 cylinders. How do I do it? + <p> This depends. If you don't have DOS (or another operating system) on the system, you can just keep the drive in native mode @@ -339,9 +410,7 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. geometry. You will have to reinstall FreeBSD, but obeying the instructions given above will almost always get you going. - <sect1>When I install the boot manager and try to boot FreeBSD for - the first time, it just comes back with the boot manager prompt - again. + <sect1>When I install the boot manager and try to boot FreeBSD for the first time, it just comes back with the boot manager prompt again. <p> This is another symptom of the problem described in the preceding @@ -350,9 +419,7 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. translation (often marked as ``>1GB drive support''), try toggling its setting and reinstalling FreeBSD. - <sect1>I'm having lots of trouble trying to disklabel a new SCSI - drive. I have made an entry in <tt>/etc/disktab</tt>, but when I - try to label the drive the following happens: + <sect1>I'm having lots of trouble trying to disklabel a new SCSI drive. I have made an entry in <tt>/etc/disktab</tt>, but when I try to label the drive the following happens: <p> <verb> mips# disklabel -w /dev/sd1 sea32550N @@ -360,16 +427,15 @@ Any entries with a <XXX> are under construction. </verb> What am I doing wrong? + Answer:<newline> Doing this using <tt/disklabel/ (and <tt/fdisk/) is probably harder than using <tt/sysinstall/. The following should work to put FreeBSD-2.0.5 on the whole of an <bf/empty/ disk assuming that the <tt/disktab/ entry is correct. - <verb> disklabel -r -w /dev/rsd1 sea32550N ^^ ^ </verb> - The first <tt/-r/ is essential for writing new labels and using the raw device instead of the block device is good technique. To be ``empty'' the disk should have 0's at critical points on the @@ -441,8 +507,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ offset 0 is invalid so <tt/sysinstall/ doesn't support creating such slices. - <sect1>I have an IDE drive with lots of bad blocks on it and FreeBSD - doesn't seem to install properly. + <sect1>I have an IDE drive with lots of bad blocks on it and FreeBSD doesn't seem to install properly. <p> FreeBSD's bad block (the ``<tt/bad144/'' command) handling is @@ -464,8 +529,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ No. FreeBSD 2.X comes with bounce buffers which allows your bus mastering controller access to greater than 16MB. - <sect1>My network card keeps getting errors like, ``<tt/ed1: - timeout/''. What's going on? + <sect1>My network card keeps getting errors like, ``<tt/ed1: timeout/''. What's going on? + <p> This is usually caused by an interrupt conflict (e.g., two boards using the same IRQ). FreeBSD prior to 2.0.5R used to be tolerant @@ -495,8 +560,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ releases of FreeBSD. - <sect1>DES encryption software can not be exported from the United - States. If I live outside the US, how can I encrypt passwords? + <sect1>DES encryption software can not be exported from the United States. If I live outside the US, how can I encrypt passwords? <p> If it is not absolutely imperative that you use DES style encryption, you can use FreeBSD's default encryption for even @@ -543,8 +607,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ </sect1> </sect> - <sect>Hardware compatibility - + <sect>Hardware compatibility <label id="hardware"> + <p> <sect1>What kind of hard drives does FreeBSD run on? <p> @@ -567,6 +631,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ Sound Blaster SCSI (AH-152x compat) <ISA> <newline> AH-2742/2842 Series <ISA/EISA> <newline> AH-2820/2822/2825 Series <VLB> <newline> + AH-294x and aic7870 MB controllers <PCI> <tag/Buslogic/ BT-445 Series <VLB> (but see section <ref id="bigram" name="on 32 MB machines">) <newline> @@ -574,12 +639,15 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ BT-742 Series <EISA><newline> BT-747 Series <EISA><newline> BT-946 Series <PCI> <newline> + BT-956 Series <PCI> <newline> <tag/Future Domain/ TMC-950 Series <ISA> <newline> <tag/PCI Generic/ NCR 53C810 based controllers <PCI> <newline> + NCR 53C82x based controllers <PCI> <newline> <tag/ProAudioSpectrum/ Zilog 5380 based controllers <ISA> <newline> + Trantor 130 based controllers <ISA> <newline> <tag/Seagate/ ST-01/02 Series <ISA><newline> <tag/UltraStor/ @@ -588,10 +656,6 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ UH-34f Series <VLB><newline> <tag/Western Digital/ WD7000 <ISA> <No scatter/gather> - <tag/Adaptec/ - AH-294x and aic7870 MB controllers <PCI> - <tag/ProAudioSpectrum/ - Trantor 130 based controllers <ISA> </descrip> <sect1>What CD-ROM drives are supported by FreeBSD? @@ -601,7 +665,9 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ Mitsumi LU002 (8bit), LU005 (16bit) and FX001D (16bit 2x Speed). - Sound Blaster Non-SCSI CD-ROM + Sony CDU 31/33A<newline> + Sound Blaster Non-SCSI CD-ROM<newline> + Matsushita/Panasocnic CD-ROM. FreeBSD does not support any of the ``IDE'' CD-ROM interfaces. All non-SCSI cards are known to be extremely slow compared to @@ -611,18 +677,26 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <p> <itemize> - <item>AST/4 - <item>BOCA 4/8/16 port cards. - <item>Cyclades 8/16 port <Alpha> + <item>AST/4 in shared IRQ mode, + <item>ARNET 8 port in shared IRQ mode, + <item>BOCA 4/8/16 port cards inshared IRQ mode, + <item>Cyclades 8/16 port <Alpha>, + <item>Cronyx/Sigfgma multiport sync/async, + <item>RISCom/8 multiport card, + <item>STB 4 port i shared IRQ mode, </itemize> Some unnamed clone cards have also been known to work, especially those that claim to be AST compatible. + A Dibiboard driver is currently in alpha stage. If you want to + test it, take the file in + <url url="ftp://freefall.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/incoming" + name="the incoming directory"> + Check the <tt/sio(4)/ man page to get more information on configuring such cards. - <sect1>Does FreeBSD support the AHA-2xxx SCSI adapters from Adaptec? <p> @@ -630,21 +704,26 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ of the old drivers have been re-written and now it is fully under the Berkeley style copyright. - <sect1>I have a Mumbleco bus mouse. Is it supported and if so, how - do I set it up for XFree86? + <sect1>I have a Mumbleco bus mouse. Is it supported and if so, how do I set it up for XFree86? <p> FreeBSD supports the Logitech and ATI Inport bus mice. You need to add the following line to the kernel config file and recompile for the Logitech and ATI mice: - <verb> device mse0 at isa? port 0x23c tty irq6 vector mseintr </verb> - <sect1>I have a PS/2 mouse (``keyboard'' mouse) (Alternatively: I - have a laptop with a track-ball mouse). How do I use it? - + <sect1>I have a PS/2 mouse (``keyboard'' mouse) (Alternatively: I have a laptop with a track-ball mouse). How do I use it? + <p> + You'll have to add the following lines to your kernel + configuration file and recompile: +<verb> +device psm0 at isa? port "IO_KBD" conflicts tty irq 12 vector psmintr +# Options for psm: +options PSM_NO_RESET #don't reset mouse hardware (some laptops) +</verb> + <sect1>What types of tape drives are supported under FreeBSD? <p> @@ -654,16 +733,15 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <sect1>What sound cards are supported by FreeBSD? <p> - FreeBSD supports the SoundBlaster, SoundBlaster Pro, Pro Audio - Spectrum 16, AdLib and Gravis UltraSound sound cards. There is - also limited support for MPU-401 and compatible MIDI cards. The - SoundBlaster 16 and SoundBlaster 16 ASP cards are not yet - supported. + FreeBSD supports the SoundBlaster, SoundBlaster Pro, SoundBlaster + 16, Pro Audio Spectrum 16, AdLib and Gravis UltraSound sound + cards. There is also limited support for MPU-401 and compatible + MIDI cards. The SoundBlaster 16 ASP cards are not yet + supported. The Microsoft Sound System is also supported. <bf/NOTE/ This is only for sound! This driver does not support CD-ROMs, SCSI or joysticks on these cards. - <sect1>What network cards does FreeBSD support? <p> @@ -671,7 +749,8 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <descrip> <tag/``de'' driver/ - DEC and compatible PCI controllers <newline> + DEC DC21x40 and compatible PCI controllers<newline> + (including 21140 100bT cards) <newline> <tag/``ed'' driver/ NE2000 and 1000<newline> WD/SMC 8003, 8013 and Elite Ultra (8216)<newline> @@ -681,25 +760,33 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ DEC EtherWORKS II and EtherWORKS III controllers. <newline> <tag/``ie'' driver/ AT&T EN100/StarLAN 10 <newline> + 3COM 3c507 <newline> + NI5210 <newline> <tag/``is'' driver/ Isolan AT 4141-0 <newline> Isolink 4110 <newline> <tag/``el'' driver/ - 3com 3c501 (does not support Multicast or DMA) <newline> + 3com 3c501 (does not support Multicast or DMA) + <tag/``eg'' driver/ + 3com 3c505 <tag/``ze'' driver/ - IBM PCMCIA credit card adapter <newline> + IBM PCMCIA credit card adapter <tag/``lnc'' drive/ - Unknown Lance based (*) <newline> + Lance/PCnet cards (Isolan, Novell NE2100, NE32-VL)(*) <tag/``ep'' driver/ - 3com 3c509 (*) + 3com 3c509 + <tag/``ix'' driver/ + Intel InterExpress <tag/``cx'' driver/ Cronyx/Sigma multiport Sync/Async (Cisco and PPP framing) <tag/``zp'' driver/ - 3Com PCMCIA Etherlink III + 3Com PCMCIA Etherlink III (aka 3c389) <tag/``fea'' driver/ DEC DEFEA EISA FDDI controller <tag/``fpa'' driver/ DEC DEFPA PCI FDDI controller + <tag/``fe'' driver/ + Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A Ethernet cards </descrip> <bf/NOTE/ Drivers marked with (*) are known to have problems. @@ -708,9 +795,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ we are incompatiable with other versions, but we hope to correct this in the near future. - - <sect1>I have a 386/486sx/486SLC machine without a math co-processor. - Will this cause me any problems? + <sect1>I have a 386/486sx/486SLC machine without a math co-processor. Will this cause me any problems? <p> Generally no, but there are circumstances where you will take a @@ -732,27 +817,32 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <descrip> <tag><tt/b004.c/</tag> Driver for B004 compatiable Transputer boards <newline> - <tag><tt/ctx.c/</tag> + <tag>``ctx'' driver</tag> Driver for CORTEX-I Frame grabber <newline> - <tag><tt/gpib.c/</tag> - Driver for National Instruments AT-GPIB and - AT-GPIB/TNT boards <newline> - <tag><tt/pcaudio.c/</tag> + <tag>``gp'' driver</tag> + Driver for National Instruments AT-GPIB and<newline> + AT-GPIB/TNT boards + <tag>``pca'' driver</tag> Driver for PC speakers to allow the playing of audio files - <newline> + <tag>``spigot'' driver</tag> + Driver for the Creative Labs Video Spigot + <tag>``gsc'' driver</tag> + Driver for the Genuis GS-4500 Hand scanner + <tag>``joy'' driver</tag> + Driver for a joystick + <tag/``labpc'' driver/ + Driver for National Instrument's Lab-PC and Lab-PC+ + <tag/``uart'' driver/ + Stand-alone 6850 UART for MIDI + <tag/``nic'' driver/ + Dr Neuhaus NICCY 3008, 3009 & 5000 ISDN cards + <tag/``psm'' driver/ + PS/2 ouse port <tag><tt/tw.c/</tag> Driver for the X-10 POWERHOUSE <newline> - <tag><tt/spigot.c/</tag> - Driver for the Creative Labs Video Spigot <newline> - <tag><tt/gsc.c/</tag> - Driver for the Genuis GS-4500 Hand scanner <newline> - <tag><tt/joy.c/</tag> - Driver for a joystick <newline> </descrip> - <sect1>I am about to buy a new machine to run FreeBSD on and want an - idea of what other people are running. Is there list of other - systems anywhere? + <sect1>I am about to buy a new machine to run FreeBSD on and want an idea of what other people are running. Is there list of other systems anywhere? <p> Yes. Please look at the file <tt>Systems.FAQ</tt>. This file is @@ -761,8 +851,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ have sent in, and does not constitute any kind of endorsement by the FreeBSD Project. - <sect1>I have a lap-top with power management. Can FreeBSD take - advantage of this? + <sect1>I have a lap-top with power management. Can FreeBSD take advantage of this? <p> Yes it can on certain machines. Please look in the <tt/LINT/ kernel config file under <tt/APM/. @@ -781,28 +870,18 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <sect1>Where can I get Motif for FreeBSD? - <p> - You can purchase Motif 1.2.3 for FreeBSD (SWiM) from: - - ACC Bookstore, <newline> - P.O. Box 3364, <newline> - Westport CT. 06880. <newline> - 1-800-546-7274 or <newline> - FAX: 1-203-454-2582 + Contact the following company: - This software works flawlessly for for FreeBSD 1.1.5 but has - shown one problem with 2.0 in that the ``<tt/uil/'' program core - dumps. This is apparently because of the way <tt/uil/ is - installed, and it's quite possible that ACC will have a fixed - version by the time you read this. No other compatibility - problems with the programs or libraries have been found, and ACC - can hardly be blamed for failing to work perfectly with a - brand-new release they haven't even seen yet! :) + Lasermoon Ltd<newline> + 2a Beaconsfield Road<newline> + Fareham, Hants<newline> + England. PO16 0QB<newline> + Phone: +44 (01) 329 834944<newline> + FAX: +44 (0) 329 825936<newline> + Email: <url url="mailto:info@lasermoon.co.uk" name="Info Address"> - <sect1>Are there any commercial X servers for some of the high-end - graphics cards like the Matrox or #9 I-128, or offering - 8/16/24 bit deep pallettes? + <sect1>Are there any commercial X servers for some of the high-end graphics cards like the Matrox or #9 I-128, or offering 8/16/24 bit deep pallettes? <label id="xinside"> <p> Yes, X Inside Incorporated sells their Accelerated-X product for @@ -872,9 +951,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ available at a very reasonable price. See section <ref id="xinside" name="on Xaccel"> for more details. - <sect1>I've been trying to run ghostscript on a 386 (or 486sx) with - no math co-processor and I keep getting errors. What's up? <label - id="emul"> + <sect1>I've been trying to run ghostscript on a 386 (or 486sx) with no math co-processor and I keep getting errors. What's up? <label id="emul"> <p> You will need to add the alternate math emulator to your kernel, @@ -888,9 +965,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <bf/NOTE/ You will need to remove the <tt/MATH_EMULATE/ option when you do this. - <sect1>I want all this neat software, but I haven't got the space or - CPU power to compile it all myself. Is there any way of getting - binaries? + <sect1>I want all this neat software, but I haven't got the space or CPU power to compile it all myself. Is there any way of getting binaries? <p> Yes. We support the concept of a ``package'', which is @@ -913,8 +988,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <sect>Miscellaneous Questions <p> - <sect1>Hey! Chmod doesn't change the file permissions of symlinked - files! What's going on? + <sect1>Hey! Chmod doesn't change the file permissions of symlinked files! What's going on? <p> You have to use either ``<tt/-H/'' or ``<tt/-L/'' together with the ``<tt/-R/'' option to make this work. See the <tt/chmod(1)/ @@ -937,9 +1011,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ ``<tt/foo/'', to change the permissions of the directory, ``<tt/bar/''. - <sect1>How do I mount a CDROM? I've tried using <tt/mount(8)/, but - it keeps on giving me an error like, ``<tt>/dev/cd0a on /mnt: - Incorrect super block.</tt>'' + <sect1>How do I mount a CDROM? I've tried using <tt/mount(8)/, but it keeps on giving me an error like, ``<tt>/dev/cd0a on /mnt: Incorrect super block.</tt>'' <p> You have to tell <tt/mount(8)/ the type of the device that you want to mount. By default, <tt/mount(8)/ will assume the @@ -966,14 +1038,12 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ mount_cd9660 /dev/cd0c /mnt </verb> - <sect1>When I try to mount a CDROM, I get a ``Device not configured'' - error. What's going on? + <sect1>When I try to mount a CDROM, I get a ``Device not configured'' error. What's going on? <p> This generally means that there is no CDROM in the CDROM drive. Feed the drive something. - <sect1>My programs occasionally die with ``Signal 11'' errors. - What's going on? + <sect1>My programs occasionally die with ``Signal 11'' errors. What's going on? <p> This can be caused by bad hardware (memory, motherboard, etc.). Try running a memory-testing program on your PC. Note that, even @@ -983,8 +1053,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ (such as during busmastering DMA from a SCSI controller like the Adaptec 1542). - <sect1>Help, some of my X Window menus and dialog boxes don't work - right! I can't select them. + <sect1>Help, some of my X Window menus and dialog boxes don't work right! I can't select them. <p> Try turning off the Num Lock key. @@ -1091,8 +1160,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ will probably appear to hang/lock up after executing the kill command. - <sect1>I've heard of something called FreeBSD-current. How do I run - it, and where can I get more information? + <sect1>I've heard of something called FreeBSD-current. How do I run it, and where can I get more information? <p> Read the file <tt>/usr/src/share/FAQ/Text/current-policy.FAQ</tt>, @@ -1130,8 +1198,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ which are a set of supfiles for supping from <tt/FreeBSD.ORG/. - <sect1>How do I create customized installation disks that I can give - out to other people at my site? + <sect1>How do I create customized installation disks that I can give out to other people at my site? <p> The entire process of creating installation disks and source and @@ -1139,8 +1206,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <tt>/usr/src/release/Makefile</tt>. The information there should be enough to get you started. - <sect1>How do I re-build my system without clobbering the existing - installed binaries? + <sect1>How do I re-build my system without clobbering the existing installed binaries? <p> If you define the environment variable <tt/DESTDIR/ while running @@ -1152,8 +1218,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ however. - <sect1>When my system booted, it told me that ``(bus speed - defaulted)''. What does that mean? + <sect1>When my system booted, it told me that ``(bus speed defaulted)''. What does that mean? <p> The Adaptec 1542 SCSI host adapters allow the user to configure @@ -1166,9 +1231,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ but on those systems where it doesn't, your data could be corrupted. - <sect1>I would like to track changes to current and do not have net - access. Is there any way besides downloading the whole tree? - <label id="ctm"> + <sect1>I would like to track changes to current and do not have net access. Is there any way besides downloading the whole tree? <label id="ctm"> <p> Yes, you can use the <tt/CTM/ facility. Check out the @@ -1179,8 +1242,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ for more information. - <sect1>How do I split up large binary files into smaller 240k files - like the distribution does? + <sect1>How do I split up large binary files into smaller 240k files like the distribution does? <p> Newer BSD based systems have a ``<tt/-b/'' option to split that @@ -1197,13 +1259,9 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ ${RELEASEDIR}/tarballs/bindist/bin_tgz.) </verb> - <sect1><XXX> I've had a couple of system panics and would like - to be able browse the system dumps. The normal kernel is - stripped and I don't want to run a bloated kernel. What can I - do?</> + <sect1><XXX> I've had a couple of system panics and would like to be able browse the system dumps. The normal kernel is stripped and I don't want to run a bloated kernel. What can I do?</> - <sect1>I've got this neato kernel extension I just know everyone will - will want. How do I get it included into the distribution? + <sect1>I've got this neato kernel extension I just know everyone will will want. How do I get it included into the distribution? <p> Please take a look at the FAQ for submiting code to FreeBSD at: @@ -1217,8 +1275,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ <sect>Kernel Configuration <p> - <sect1>Ok, so how DO I compile my own kernel, anyway? <label - id="make-kernel"> + <sect1>Ok, so how DO I compile my own kernel, anyway? <label id="make-kernel"> <p> Before you can compile a kernel, you need either the complete <tt/srcdist/ or, at the minimum, the <tt/kerndist/ loaded on your @@ -1282,9 +1339,7 @@ sea32550N|Seagate 32550N:\ messages printed by your old kernel, some of which may be quite helpful in configuring the new one. - <sect1>When I compile a kernel with multi-port serial code, it tells - me that only the first port is probed and the rest skipped due to - interrupt conflicts. How do I fix this? + <sect1>When I compile a kernel with multi-port serial code, it tells me that only the first port is probed and the rest skipped due to interrupt conflicts. How do I fix this? <p> The problem here is that FreeBSD has code built-in to keep the @@ -1302,8 +1357,7 @@ device sio4 at isa? port 0x2b0 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr device sio5 at isa? port 0x2b8 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr </verb> - <sect1>FreeBSD is supposed to come with support for QIC-40/80 drives - but when I look, I can't find it. + <sect1>FreeBSD is supposed to come with support for QIC-40/80 drives but when I look, I can't find it. <p> You need to uncomment the following line in the generic config @@ -1362,9 +1416,7 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 <tt><platforms@FreeBSD.ORG></tt> for more information on our strategy for porting. - <sect1>I just wrote a device driver for a Foobar Systems, Inc. - Integrated Adaptive Gronkulator card. How do I get the - appropriate major numbers assigned? + <sect1>I just wrote a device driver for a Foobar Systems, Inc. Integrated Adaptive Gronkulator card. How do I get the appropriate major numbers assigned? <p> This depends on whether or not you plan on making the driver @@ -1382,9 +1434,28 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 <sect>System Administration - <sect1>How do I add a user easily? I read the man page and am more - confused than ever! (Alternatively: I didn't read the man page, - I never read man pages! :-) ) +<sect1>Hmm, where are my familiar BSD system files ? What's this <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> thing ? + + <p> + As for 2.0.5R, the primary configuration file is + <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt>. All the options are to be specified in + this one and the other one (<tt>/etc/rc</tt> and + <tt>/etc/netstart</tt>) just include it. + + Look in the <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> file and change the value to + match your system. This file is filled with comments to show what + to put in there. + + The <tt>/etc/rc.local</tt> is here as always and is the place to + put additional services like <tt/INN/ or a <tt/http/ server. + + The <tt>/etc/rc.serial</tt> is for serial port initialization + (e.g. locking the port characterictics, and so on.). + + The <tt>/etc/rc.i386</tt> is for Intel-specifics setting like the + iBCS2 emulation. + + <sect1>How do I add a user easily? I read the man page and am more confused than ever! (Alternatively: I didn't read the man page, I never read man pages! :-) ) <p> Use the <tt/adduser/ command. @@ -1394,15 +1465,12 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 <tt><roberto@FreeBSD.ORG></tt> about it. It is currently under further development. - <sect1><XXX> I'm trying to use my printer and keep running into - problems. I tried looking at <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>, but it's - close to useless. Any ideas? + <sect1><XXX> I'm trying to use my printer and keep running into problems. I tried looking at <tt>/etc/printcap</tt>, but it's close to useless. Any ideas? <p> Still under construction. </sect1> - <sect1>My keyboard mappings are wrong for my system. How can I fix - them? + <sect1>My keyboard mappings are wrong for my system. How can I fix them? <p> The kbdcontrol program has an option to load a keyboard map file. Under <tt>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps</tt> are a number of map @@ -1436,9 +1504,7 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 <sect>Networking - <sect1>Where can I get information booting FreeBSD ``diskless'', that - is booting and running a FreeBSD box from a server rather than - having a local disk? + <sect1>Where can I get information booting FreeBSD ``diskless'', that is booting and running a FreeBSD box from a server rather than having a local disk? <p> Please read the diskless section in the Handbook. It is in @@ -1447,8 +1513,7 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 <url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook/diskless.html" name="Handbook's section on diskless boot"> - <sect1>I've heard that you can use a FreeBSD box as a dedicated - network router - is there any easy support for this? + <sect1>I've heard that you can use a FreeBSD box as a dedicated network router - is there any easy support for this? <p> Internet standards and good engineering practice prohibit us from @@ -1487,11 +1552,10 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 handbook in <tt>/usr/share/doc/handbook</tt> or use the following link: - <url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook" name="FreeBSD's - Handbook"> + <url url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/How/handbook" + name="FreeBSD's Handbook"> - <sect1>How do I get my network set up? I don't see how to make my - <tt>/dev/ed0</tt> device! + <sect1>How do I get my network set up? I don't see how to make my <tt>/dev/ed0</tt> device! <p> In the Berkeley networking framework, network interfaces are only @@ -1507,13 +1571,12 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 <sect1>How do I get my 3C503 to use the other network port? <p> - Use ``<tt/ifconfig ed0/'' to see whether the ALTPHYS flag is set, - and then use either ``<tt/ifconfig ed0 altphys/'' if it was off, - or ``<tt/ifconfig ed0 -altphys/'' if it was on. + If you want to use the other ports, you'll have to specify an + additional parameter on the <tt/ifconfig(1)/ command line. The + default port is ``<tt/link0/''. To use the AUI port instead of + the BNC one, use ``<tt/link2/''. - <sect1>I'm having problems with NFS to/from FreeBSD and my - Wuffotronics Workstation / generic NFS appliance, where should I - look first? + <sect1>I'm having problems with NFS to/from FreeBSD and my Wuffotronics Workstation / generic NFS appliance, where should I look first? <p> Certain PC network cards are better than others (to put it @@ -1527,9 +1590,16 @@ disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 for more information on this topic. - <sect1>I want to enable IP multicast support on my FreeBSD box, how - do I do it? (Alternatively: What the heck IS multicasting and - what applications make use of it?) + <sect1>Why can't I NFS-mount from a Linux box? + + <p> + Some versions of the Linux NFS code only accept mount requests + from a priviledged port; try + <verb> + mount -o -P linuxbox:/blah /mnt + </verb> + + <sect1>I want to enable IP multicast support on my FreeBSD box, how do I do it? (Alternatively: What the heck IS multicasting and what applications make use of it?) <p> Multicast host operations are fully supported in FreeBSD 2.0 by @@ -1565,8 +1635,7 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z This section answers common questions about serial communications with FreeBSD. - <sect1> How do I tell if FreeBSD found my serial ports or modem - cards? + <sect1> How do I tell if FreeBSD found my serial ports or modem cards? <p> As the FreeBSD kernel boots, it will probe for the serial ports in your system for which the kernel was configured. You can @@ -1612,18 +1681,17 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z <tt>/dev/ttyd2</tt> for dial-in devices. What's the difference between these two classes of devices? - You use <tt/ttydX/ for dial-ins. The <tt/ttydX/ device acts like - the <tt/ttyXX/ device, but it also uses the modem control lines. - When opening <tt>/dev/ttydX</tt> in blocking mode, a process will - wait for the corresponding <tt/cuaaX/ device to become inactive, - and then wait for the carrier detect line to go active. When you - open the <tt/cuaaX/ device, it makes sure the serial port isn't - already in use by the <tt/ttydX/ device. If the port's - available, it ``steals'' it from the <tt/ttydX/ device. Also, - the <tt/cuaXX/ device doesn't care about carrier detect. With - this scheme and an auto-answer modem, you can have remote users - log in and you can still dialout with the same modem and the - system will take care of all the conflicts. + You use <tt/ttydX/ for dial-ins. When opening + <tt>/dev/ttydX</tt> in blocking mode, a process will wait for the + corresponding <tt/cuaaX/ device to become inactive, and then wait + for the carrier detect line to go active. When you open the + <tt/cuaaX/ device, it makes sure the serial port isn't already in + use by the <tt/ttydX/ device. If the port's available, it + ``steals'' it from the <tt/ttydX/ device. Also, the <tt/cuaXX/ + device doesn't care about carrier detect. With this scheme and + an auto-answer modem, you can have remote users log in and you + can still dialout with the same modem and the system will take + care of all the conflicts. <sect1> How do I configure the kernel for my multiport serial card? <p> @@ -1648,14 +1716,11 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z (<tt/0x700/), diagnostics enabled during probe (<tt/0x080/), and all the ports share an irq (<tt/0x001/). - <sect1> I have two multiport serial cards that can share irqs. Can - FreeBSD handle this? + <sect1> I have two multiport serial cards that can share irqs. Can FreeBSD handle this? <p> Not yet. You'll have to use a different irq for each card. - <sect1> What's the difference between <tt/ttyd1/, <tt/ttyid1/, and - <tt/ttyld1/? Or, how can I set the default serial parameters for - a port? + <sect1> What's the difference between <tt/ttyd1/, <tt/ttyid1/, and <tt/ttyld1/? Or, how can I set the default serial parameters for a port? <p> The <tt/ttydX/ (or <tt/cuaaX/) device is the regular device you'll want to open for your applications. When a process opens @@ -1677,17 +1742,17 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z A good place to do this is in <tt>/etc/rc.serial</tt>. Now, an application will have these settings by default when it opens - <tt/tty05/. It can still change these settings to its liking, + <tt/ttyd5/. It can still change these settings to its liking, though. You can also prevent certain settings from being changed by an application by making adjustments to the ``lock state'' device. - For example, to lock the speed of <tt/tty05/ to 57600 bps, do + For example, to lock the speed of <tt/ttyd5/ to 57600 bps, do <verb> - stty -f /dev/ttyl05 57600 + stty -f /dev/ttyld5 57600 </verb> - Now, an application that opens <tt/tty05/ and tries to change the + Now, an application that opens <tt/ttyd5/ and tries to change the speed of the port will be stuck with 57600 bps. Naturally, you should make the initial state and lock state @@ -1755,8 +1820,7 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z 747 ?? I 0:00.04 /usr/libexec/getty std.57600 ttyd1 </verb> - <sect1> How can I make my spare computer a dumb terminal connected to - my FreeBSD box? + <sect1> How can I make my spare computer a dumb terminal connected to my FreeBSD box? <p> If you're using another computer as a terminal into your FreeBSD system, get a null modem cable to go between the two serial @@ -1767,13 +1831,12 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z you're hooking up a WYSE-50 terminal to the fifth serial port, use an entry like this: <verb> - tty04 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wyse50 on secure + ttyd4 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wyse50 on secure </verb> - This example shows that the port on <tt>/dev/tty04</tt> has a + This example shows that the port on <tt>/dev/ttyd4</tt> has a wyse50 terminal connected at 38400 bps with no parity (<tt/std.38400/ from <tt>/etc/gettytab</tt>) and <tt/root/ logins - are allowed (secure). For directly-connected terminals, use the - <tt/ttyXX/ entry. + are allowed (secure). <sect1> Why can't I run <tt/tip/ or <tt/cu/? <p> @@ -1815,8 +1878,7 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z 1/''. Then ``<tt/make/'' and ``<tt/make install/''. Everything works nicely after that. - <sect1> How am I expected to enter these AT commands without resorting - to some DOS-based terminal program? <label id="direct-at"> + <sect1> How am I expected to enter these AT commands without resorting to some DOS-based terminal program? <label id="direct-at"> <p> Make what's called a ``<tt/direct/'' entry in your <tt>/etc/remote</tt> file. For example, if your modem's hooked @@ -1835,8 +1897,7 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z MAKEDEV cuaa0 </verb> - <sect1> Why doesn't the <tt/@/ sign for the phone number capability - work? + <sect1> Why doesn't the <tt/@/ sign for the phone number capability work? <p> The <tt/@/ sign in the pn capability tells tip to look in <tt>/etc/phones</tt> for a phone number. But the <tt/@/ sign is @@ -1865,8 +1926,7 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z </verb> and type ``<tt/cu 5551234 -s 115200/''. - <sect1> Great---but how can I do that without having to specify the - bps rate on the command line? + <sect1> Great---but how can I do that without having to specify the bps rate on the command line? <p> Put in an entry for <tt/tip1200/ or <tt/cu1200/, but go ahead and use whatever bps rate is appropriate with the br @@ -1874,10 +1934,7 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z why it looks for a ``<tt/tip1200/'' entry. You don't have to use 1200 bps, though. - <sect1> I want separate entries for various hosts I access through a - terminal server, but I don't want to type ``<tt/CONNECT - <host>/'' each time once I'm connected. Can <tt/tip/ do - that for me? + <sect1> I want separate entries for various hosts I access through a terminal server, but I don't want to type ``<tt/CONNECT <host>/'' each time once I'm connected. Can <tt/tip/ do that for me? <p> Yes. Use the <tt/cm/ capability. For example, these entries in <tt>/etc/remote</tt>: @@ -1894,8 +1951,7 @@ vat_nv_record Recording tools for vat ftp.sics.se:archive/vat_nv_record.tar.Z connect to the hosts pain or muffin; and ``<tt/tip deep13/'' to get to the terminal server. - <sect1> My university has 42 billion students but only 4 modem lines. - Can tip automatically try each line? + <sect1> My university has 42 billion students but only 4 modem lines. Can tip automatically try each line? <p> Sure. Make an entry for your university in <tt>/etc/remote</tt> and use <tt>\@</tt> for the <tt/pn/ capability: |