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-<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.0//EN"
- "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.0/docbookx.dtd"
- [<!ENTITY mdash "&#8212;">]>
-<!--
- - Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
- - Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Internet Software Consortium.
- -
- - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
- -
- - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
- - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
- - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
- - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
- - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
- - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
- - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
--->
-
-<!-- $Id: lwres.docbook,v 1.3.206.3 2005/05/12 21:36:11 sra Exp $ -->
-
-<refentry>
-<refentryinfo>
-
-<date>Jun 30, 2000</date>
-</refentryinfo>
-<refmeta>
-<refentrytitle>lwres</refentrytitle>
-<manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-<refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
-</refmeta>
-
- <docinfo>
- <copyright>
- <year>2004</year>
- <year>2005</year>
- <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
- </copyright>
- <copyright>
- <year>2000</year>
- <year>2001</year>
- <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>
- </copyright>
- </docinfo>
-
-<refnamediv>
-<refname>lwres</refname>
-<refpurpose>introduction to the lightweight resolver library</refpurpose>
-</refnamediv>
-
-<refsynopsisdiv>
-<funcsynopsis>
-<funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;lwres/lwres.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
-</funcsynopsis>
-</refsynopsisdiv>
-
-<refsect1>
-<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
-<para>
-The BIND 9 lightweight resolver library is a simple, name service
-independent stub resolver library. It provides hostname-to-address
-and address-to-hostname lookup services to applications by
-transmitting lookup requests to a resolver daemon
-<command>lwresd</command>
-running on the local host. The resover daemon performs the
-lookup using the DNS or possibly other name service protocols,
-and returns the results to the application through the library.
-The library and resolver daemon communicate using a simple
-UDP-based protocol.
-</para>
-</refsect1>
-
-<refsect1>
-<title>OVERVIEW</title>
-<para>
-The lwresd library implements multiple name service APIs.
-The standard
-<function>gethostbyname()</function>,
-<function>gethostbyaddr()</function>,
-<function>gethostbyname_r()</function>,
-<function>gethostbyaddr_r()</function>,
-<function>getaddrinfo()</function>,
-<function>getipnodebyname()</function>,
-and
-<function>getipnodebyaddr()</function>
-functions are all supported. To allow the lwres library to coexist
-with system libraries that define functions of the same name,
-the library defines these functions with names prefixed by
-<literal>lwres_</literal>.
-To define the standard names, applications must include the
-header file
-<filename>&lt;lwres/netdb.h&gt;</filename>
-which contains macro definitions mapping the standard function names
-into
-<literal>lwres_</literal>
-prefixed ones. Operating system vendors who integrate the lwres
-library into their base distributions should rename the functions
-in the library proper so that the renaming macros are not needed.
-</para>
-<para>
-The library also provides a native API consisting of the functions
-<function>lwres_getaddrsbyname()</function>
-and
-<function>lwres_getnamebyaddr()</function>.
-These may be called by applications that require more detailed
-control over the lookup process than the standard functions
-provide.
-</para>
-<para>
-In addition to these name service independent address lookup
-functions, the library implements a new, experimental API
-for looking up arbitrary DNS resource records, using the
-<function>lwres_getaddrsbyname()</function>
-function.
-</para>
-<para>
-Finally, there is a low-level API for converting lookup
-requests and responses to and from raw lwres protocol packets.
-This API can be used by clients requiring nonblocking operation,
-and is also used when implementing the server side of the lwres
-protocol, for example in the
-<command>lwresd</command>
-resolver daemon. The use of this low-level API in clients
-and servers is outlined in the following sections.
-</para>
-</refsect1>
-<refsect1>
-<title>CLIENT-SIDE LOW-LEVEL API CALL FLOW</title>
-<para>
-When a client program wishes to make an lwres request using the
-native low-level API, it typically performs the following
-sequence of actions.
-</para>
-<para>
-(1) Allocate or use an existing <type>lwres_packet_t</type>,
-called <varname>pkt</varname> below.
-</para>
-<para>
-(2) Set <structfield>pkt.recvlength</structfield> to the maximum length we will accept.
-This is done so the receiver of our packets knows how large our receive
-buffer is. The "default" is a constant in
-<filename>lwres.h</filename>: <constant>LWRES_RECVLENGTH = 4096</constant>.
-</para>
-<para>
-(3) Set <structfield>pkt.serial</structfield>
-to a unique serial number. This value is echoed
-back to the application by the remote server.
-</para>
-<para>
-(4) Set <structfield>pkt.pktflags</structfield>. Usually this is set to 0.
-</para>
-<para>
-(5) Set <structfield>pkt.result</structfield> to 0.
-</para>
-<para>
-(6) Call <function>lwres_*request_render()</function>,
-or marshall in the data using the primitives
-such as <function>lwres_packet_render()</function>
-and storing the packet data.
-</para>
-<para>
-(7) Transmit the resulting buffer.
-</para>
-<para>
-(8) Call <function>lwres_*response_parse()</function>
-to parse any packets received.
-</para>
-<para>
-(9) Verify that the opcode and serial match a request, and process the
-packet specific information contained in the body.
-</para>
-</refsect1>
-<refsect1>
-<title>SERVER-SIDE LOW-LEVEL API CALL FLOW</title>
-<para>
-When implementing the server side of the lightweight resolver
-protocol using the lwres library, a sequence of actions like the
-following is typically involved in processing each request packet.
-</para>
-<para>
-Note that the same <type>lwres_packet_t</type> is used
-in both the <function>_parse()</function> and <function>_render()</function> calls,
-with only a few modifications made
-to the packet header's contents between uses. This method is recommended
-as it keeps the serial, opcode, and other fields correct.
-</para>
-<para>
-(1) When a packet is received, call <function>lwres_*request_parse()</function> to
-unmarshall it. This returns a <type>lwres_packet_t</type> (also called <varname>pkt</varname>, below)
-as well as a data specific type, such as <type>lwres_gabnrequest_t</type>.
-</para>
-<para>
-(2) Process the request in the data specific type.
-</para>
-<para>
-(3) Set the <structfield>pkt.result</structfield>,
-<structfield>pkt.recvlength</structfield> as above. All other fields can
-be left untouched since they were filled in by the <function>*_parse()</function> call
-above. If using <function>lwres_*response_render()</function>,
-<structfield>pkt.pktflags</structfield> will be set up
-properly. Otherwise, the <constant>LWRES_LWPACKETFLAG_RESPONSE</constant> bit should be
-set.
-</para>
-<para>
-(4) Call the data specific rendering function, such as
-<function>lwres_gabnresponse_render()</function>.
-</para>
-<para>
-(5) Send the resulting packet to the client.
-</para>
-<para>
-</para>
-</refsect1>
-<refsect1>
-<title>SEE ALSO</title>
-<para>
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_gethostent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_getipnode</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_getnameinfo</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_noop</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_gabn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_gnba</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_context</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwres_config</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>resolver</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>,
-
-<citerefentry>
-<refentrytitle>lwresd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
-</citerefentry>.
-
-</para>
-</refsect1>
-</refentry>