diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/gcc')
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/cccp.1 | 674 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtbegin.asm | 192 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtend.asm | 108 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf12.h | 26 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf2.h | 26 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb.h | 26 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/alpha/osf2.h | 32 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd-elf.h | 257 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd.h.fixed | 257 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/config/i386/x-freebsd | 3 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/cp/cfns.h | 472 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/cp/g++.c | 582 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/cp/reno.texi | 752 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/cpp.1 | 1 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/doc/install-old.texi | 725 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi | 3902 | ||||
-rwxr-xr-x | contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi2html | 31 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/f/g77.1 | 365 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/gcc.1 | 4191 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/gcc/objc/sendmsg.c | 651 |
20 files changed, 0 insertions, 13273 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/gcc/cccp.1 b/contrib/gcc/cccp.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 84eb19ede54e..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/cccp.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,674 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation \-*-Text-*- -.\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution -.TH cpp 1 "30apr1993" "GNU Tools" "GNU Tools" -.SH NAME -cccp, cpp \- The GNU C-Compatible Compiler Preprocessor. -.SH SYNOPSIS -.hy 0 -.na -.TP -.B cccp -.RB "[\|" \-$ "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-A \c -.I predicate\c -.RB [ (\c -.I value\c -.BR ) ]\|] -.RB "[\|" \-C "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-D \c -.I name\c -.RB [ =\c -.I definition\c -\&]\|] -.RB "[\|" \-dD "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-dM "\|]" -.RB "[\|" "\-I\ "\c -.I directory\c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" \-H "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-I\- "\|]" -.RB "[\|" "\-imacros\ "\c -.I file\c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" "\-include\ "\c -.I file\c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" "\-idirafter\ "\c -.I dir\c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" "\-iprefix\ "\c -.I prefix\c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" "\-iwithprefix\ "\c -.I dir\c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" \-lang\-c "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-lang\-c++ "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-lang\-objc "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-lang\-objc++ "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-lint "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-M\ [ \-MG "\|]]" -.RB "[\|" \-MM\ [ \-MG "\|]]" -.RB "[\|" \-MD\ \c -.I file\ \c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" \-MMD\ \c -.I file\ \c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" \-nostdinc "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-nostdinc++ "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-P "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-pedantic "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-pedantic\-errors "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-traditional "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-trigraphs "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-U \c -.I name\c -\&\|] -.RB "[\|" \-undef "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-Wtrigraphs "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-Wcomment "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-Wall "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \-Wtraditional "\|]" -.br -.RB "[\|" \c -.I infile\c -.RB | \- "\|]" -.RB "[\|" \c -.I outfile\c -.RB | \- "\|]" -.ad b -.hy 1 -.SH DESCRIPTION -The C preprocessor is a \c -.I macro processor\c -\& that is used automatically by -the C compiler to transform your program before actual compilation. It is -called a macro processor because it allows you to define \c -.I macros\c -\&, -which are brief abbreviations for longer constructs. - -The C preprocessor provides four separate facilities that you can use as -you see fit: -.TP -\(bu -Inclusion of header files. These are files of declarations that can be -substituted into your program. -.TP -\(bu -Macro expansion. You can define \c -.I macros\c -\&, which are abbreviations -for arbitrary fragments of C code, and then the C preprocessor will -replace the macros with their definitions throughout the program. -.TP -\(bu -Conditional compilation. Using special preprocessing directives, you -can include or exclude parts of the program according to various -conditions. -.TP -\(bu -Line control. If you use a program to combine or rearrange source files into -an intermediate file which is then compiled, you can use line control -to inform the compiler of where each source line originally came from. -.PP -C preprocessors vary in some details. For a full explanation of the -GNU C preprocessor, see the -.B info -file `\|\c -.B cpp.info\c -\&\|', or the manual -.I The C Preprocessor\c -\&. Both of these are built from the same documentation source file, `\|\c -.B cpp.texinfo\c -\&\|'. The GNU C -preprocessor provides a superset of the features of ANSI Standard C. - -ANSI Standard C requires the rejection of many harmless constructs commonly -used by today's C programs. Such incompatibility would be inconvenient for -users, so the GNU C preprocessor is configured to accept these constructs -by default. Strictly speaking, to get ANSI Standard C, you must use the -options `\|\c -.B \-trigraphs\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B \-undef\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-pedantic\c -\&\|', but in -practice the consequences of having strict ANSI Standard C make it -undesirable to do this. - -Most often when you use the C preprocessor you will not have to invoke it -explicitly: the C compiler will do so automatically. However, the -preprocessor is sometimes useful individually. - -When you call the preprocessor individually, either name -(\c -.B cpp\c -\& or \c -.B cccp\c -\&) will do\(em\&they are completely synonymous. - -The C preprocessor expects two file names as arguments, \c -.I infile\c -\& and -\c -.I outfile\c -\&. The preprocessor reads \c -.I infile\c -\& together with any other -files it specifies with `\|\c -.B #include\c -\&\|'. All the output generated by the -combined input files is written in \c -.I outfile\c -\&. - -Either \c -.I infile\c -\& or \c -.I outfile\c -\& may be `\|\c -.B \-\c -\&\|', which as \c -.I infile\c -\& -means to read from standard input and as \c -.I outfile\c -\& means to write to -standard output. Also, if \c -.I outfile\c -\& or both file names are omitted, -the standard output and standard input are used for the omitted file names. -.SH OPTIONS -Here is a table of command options accepted by the C preprocessor. -These options can also be given when compiling a C program; they are -passed along automatically to the preprocessor when it is invoked by -the compiler. -.TP -.B \-P -Inhibit generation of `\|\c -.B #\c -\&\|'-lines with line-number information in -the output from the preprocessor. This might be -useful when running the preprocessor on something that is not C code -and will be sent to a program which might be confused by the -`\|\c -.B #\c -\&\|'-lines. -.TP -.B \-C -Do not discard comments: pass them through to the output file. -Comments appearing in arguments of a macro call will be copied to the -output before the expansion of the macro call. -.TP -.B \-traditional -Try to imitate the behavior of old-fashioned C, as opposed to ANSI C. -.TP -.B \-trigraphs -Process ANSI standard trigraph sequences. These are three-character -sequences, all starting with `\|\c -.B ??\c -\&\|', that are defined by ANSI C to -stand for single characters. For example, `\|\c -.B ??/\c -\&\|' stands for -`\|\c -.BR "\e" "\|'," -so `\|\c -.B '??/n'\c -\&\|' is a character constant for a newline. -Strictly speaking, the GNU C preprocessor does not support all -programs in ANSI Standard C unless `\|\c -.B \-trigraphs\c -\&\|' is used, but if -you ever notice the difference it will be with relief. - -You don't want to know any more about trigraphs. -.TP -.B \-pedantic -Issue warnings required by the ANSI C standard in certain cases such -as when text other than a comment follows `\|\c -.B #else\c -\&\|' or `\|\c -.B #endif\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-pedantic\-errors -Like `\|\c -.B \-pedantic\c -\&\|', except that errors are produced rather than -warnings. -.TP -.B \-Wtrigraphs -Warn if any trigraphs are encountered (assuming they are enabled). -.TP -.B \-Wcomment -.TP -.B \-Wcomments -Warn whenever a comment-start sequence `\|\c -.B /*\c -\&\|' appears in a comment. -(Both forms have the same effect). -.TP -.B \-Wall -Requests both `\|\c -.B \-Wtrigraphs\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-Wcomment\c -\&\|' (but not -`\|\c -.B \-Wtraditional\c -\&\|'). -.TP -.B \-Wtraditional -Warn about certain constructs that behave differently in traditional and -ANSI C. -.TP -.BI "\-I " directory\c -\& -Add the directory \c -.I directory\c -\& to the end of the list of -directories to be searched for header files. -This can be used to override a system header file, substituting your -own version, since these directories are searched before the system -header file directories. If you use more than one `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' option, -the directories are scanned in left-to-right order; the standard -system directories come after. -.TP -.B \-I\- -Any directories specified with `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' options before the `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|' -option are searched only for the case of `\|\c -.B #include "\c -.I file\c -\&"\c -\&\|'; -they are not searched for `\|\c -.B #include <\c -.I file\c -\&>\c -\&\|'. - -If additional directories are specified with `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' options after -the `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|', these directories are searched for all `\|\c -.B #include\c -\&\|' -directives. - -In addition, the `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|' option inhibits the use of the current -directory as the first search directory for `\|\c -.B #include "\c -.I file\c -\&"\c -\&\|'. -Therefore, the current directory is searched only if it is requested -explicitly with `\|\c -.B \-I.\c -\&\|'. Specifying both `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-I.\c -\&\|' -allows you to control precisely which directories are searched before -the current one and which are searched after. -.TP -.B \-nostdinc -Do not search the standard system directories for header files. -Only the directories you have specified with `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' options -(and the current directory, if appropriate) are searched. -.TP -.B \-nostdinc++ -Do not search for header files in the C++ specific standard -directories, but do still search the other standard directories. -(This option is used when building libg++.) -.TP -.BI "\-D " "name"\c -\& -Predefine \c -.I name\c -\& as a macro, with definition `\|\c -.B 1\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.BI "\-D " "name" = definition -\& -Predefine \c -.I name\c -\& as a macro, with definition \c -.I definition\c -\&. -There are no restrictions on the contents of \c -.I definition\c -\&, but if -you are invoking the preprocessor from a shell or shell-like program -you may need to use the shell's quoting syntax to protect characters -such as spaces that have a meaning in the shell syntax. If you use more than -one `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' for the same -.I name\c -\&, the rightmost definition takes effect. -.TP -.BI "\-U " "name"\c -\& -Do not predefine \c -.I name\c -\&. If both `\|\c -.B \-U\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' are -specified for one name, the `\|\c -.B \-U\c -\&\|' beats the `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' and the name -is not predefined. -.TP -.B \-undef -Do not predefine any nonstandard macros. -.TP -.BI "\-A " "name(" value ) -Assert (in the same way as the \c -.B #assert\c -\& directive) -the predicate \c -.I name\c -\& with tokenlist \c -.I value\c -\&. Remember to escape or quote the parentheses on -shell command lines. - -You can use `\|\c -.B \-A-\c -\&\|' to disable all predefined assertions; it also -undefines all predefined macros. -.TP -.B \-dM -Instead of outputting the result of preprocessing, output a list of -`\|\c -.B #define\c -\&\|' directives for all the macros defined during the -execution of the preprocessor, including predefined macros. This gives -you a way of finding out what is predefined in your version of the -preprocessor; assuming you have no file `\|\c -.B foo.h\c -\&\|', the command -.sp -.br -touch\ foo.h;\ cpp\ \-dM\ foo.h -.br -.sp -will show the values of any predefined macros. -.TP -.B \-dD -Like `\|\c -.B \-dM\c -\&\|' except in two respects: it does \c -.I not\c -\& include the -predefined macros, and it outputs \c -.I both\c -\& the `\|\c -.B #define\c -\&\|' -directives and the result of preprocessing. Both kinds of output go to -the standard output file. -.PP -.TP -.BR \-M\ [ \-MG ] -Instead of outputting the result of preprocessing, output a rule -suitable for \c -.B make\c -\& describing the dependencies of the main -source file. The preprocessor outputs one \c -.B make\c -\& rule containing -the object file name for that source file, a colon, and the names of -all the included files. If there are many included files then the -rule is split into several lines using `\|\c -.B \\\\\c -\&\|'-newline. - -`\|\c -.B \-MG\c -\&\|' says to treat missing header files as generated files and assume \c -they live in the same directory as the source file. It must be specified \c -in addition to `\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|'. - -This feature is used in automatic updating of makefiles. -.TP -.BR \-MM\ [ \-MG ] -Like `\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|' but mention only the files included with `\|\c -.B #include -"\c -.I file\c -\&"\c -\&\|'. System header files included with `\|\c -.B #include -<\c -.I file\c -\&>\c -\&\|' are omitted. -.TP -.BI \-MD\ file -Like `\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|' but the dependency information is written to `\|\c -.I file\c -\&\|'. This is in addition to compiling the file as -specified\(em\&`\|\c -.B \-MD\c -\&\|' does not inhibit ordinary compilation the way -`\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|' does. - -When invoking gcc, do not specify the `\|\c -.I file\c -\&\|' argument. Gcc will create file names made by replacing `\|\c -.B .c\c -\&\|' with `\|\c -.B .d\c -\&\|' at the end of the input file names. - -In Mach, you can use the utility \c -.B md\c -\& to merge multiple files -into a single dependency file suitable for using with the `\|\c -.B make\c -\&\|' -command. -.TP -.BI \-MMD\ file -Like `\|\c -.B \-MD\c -\&\|' except mention only user header files, not system -header files. -.TP -.B \-H -Print the name of each header file used, in addition to other normal -activities. -.TP -.BI "\-imacros " "file"\c -\& -Process \c -.I file\c -\& as input, discarding the resulting output, before -processing the regular input file. Because the output generated from -\c -.I file\c -\& is discarded, the only effect of `\|\c -.B \-imacros \c -.I file\c -\&\c -\&\|' is to -make the macros defined in \c -.I file\c -\& available for use in the main -input. The preprocessor evaluates any `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-U\c -\&\|' options -on the command line before processing `\|\c -.B \-imacros \c -.I file\c -\&\|' \c -\&. -.TP -.BI "\-include " "file" -Process -.I file -as input, and include all the resulting output, -before processing the regular input file. -.TP -.BI "-idirafter " "dir"\c -\& -Add the directory \c -.I dir\c -\& to the second include path. The directories -on the second include path are searched when a header file is not found -in any of the directories in the main include path (the one that -`\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' adds to). -.TP -.BI "-iprefix " "prefix"\c -\& -Specify \c -.I prefix\c -\& as the prefix for subsequent `\|\c -.B \-iwithprefix\c -\&\|' -options. -.TP -.BI "-iwithprefix " "dir"\c -\& -Add a directory to the second include path. The directory's name is -made by concatenating \c -.I prefix\c -\& and \c -.I dir\c -\&, where \c -.I prefix\c -\& -was specified previously with `\|\c -.B \-iprefix\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-lang-c -.TP -.B \-lang-c++ -.TP -.B \-lang-objc -.TP -.B \-lang-objc++ -Specify the source language. `\|\c -.B \-lang-c++\c -\&\|' makes the preprocessor -handle C++ comment syntax, and includes extra default include -directories for C++, and `\|\c -.B \-lang-objc\c -\&\|' enables the Objective C -`\|\c -.B #import\c -\&\|' directive. `\|\c -.B \-lang-c\c -\&\|' explicitly turns off both of -these extensions, and `\|\c -.B \-lang-objc++\c -\&\|' enables both. - -These options are generated by the compiler driver \c -.B gcc\c -\&, but not -passed from the `\|\c -.B gcc\c -\&\|' command line. -.TP -.B \-lint -Look for commands to the program checker \c -.B lint\c -\& embedded in -comments, and emit them preceded by `\|\c -.B #pragma lint\c -\&\|'. For example, -the comment `\|\c -.B /* NOTREACHED */\c -\&\|' becomes `\|\c -.B #pragma lint -NOTREACHED\c -\&\|'. - -This option is available only when you call \c -.B cpp\c -\& directly; -\c -.B gcc\c -\& will not pass it from its command line. -.TP -.B \-$ -Forbid the use of `\|\c -.B $\c -\&\|' in identifiers. This was formerly required for strict conformance -to the C Standard before the standard was corrected. \c - -This option is available only when you call \c -.B cpp\c -\& directly; -.B gcc\c -\& will not pass it from its command line. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.RB "`\|" Cpp "\|'" -entry in -.B info\c -\&; -.I The C Preprocessor\c -, Richard M. Stallman. -.br -.BR gcc "(" 1 ");" -.RB "`\|" Gcc "\|'" -entry in -.B info\c -\&; -.I -Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c -, Richard M. Stallman. -.SH COPYING -Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -.PP -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. -.PP -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the -entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. -.PP -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this -manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified -versions, except that this permission notice may be included in -translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in -the original English. diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtbegin.asm b/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtbegin.asm deleted file mode 100644 index f954f1ab0d3e..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtbegin.asm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,192 +0,0 @@ - # Copyright (C) 1996, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - # Contributed by Richard Henderson (rth@tamu.edu) - # - # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it - # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the - # Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any - # later version. - # - # In addition to the permissions in the GNU General Public License, the - # Free Software Foundation gives you unlimited permission to link the - # compiled version of this file with other programs, and to distribute - # those programs without any restriction coming from the use of this - # file. (The General Public License restrictions do apply in other - # respects; for example, they cover modification of the file, and - # distribution when not linked into another program.) - # - # This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but - # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of - # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU - # General Public License for more details. - # - # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License - # along with this program; see the file COPYING. If not, write to - # the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, - # Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. - # - # As a special exception, if you link this library with files - # compiled with GCC to produce an executable, this does not cause - # the resulting executable to be covered by the GNU General Public License. - # This exception does not however invalidate any other reasons why - # the executable file might be covered by the GNU General Public License. - - # - # Heads of the constructor/destructor lists. - # - - # The __*TOR_LIST__ symbols are not global because when this file is used - # in a shared library, we do not want the symbol to fall over to the - # application's lists. - -.section .ctors,"aw" - - .align 3 -__CTOR_LIST__: - .quad -1 - -.section .dtors,"aw" - - .align 3 -__DTOR_LIST__: - .quad -1 - -.section .eh_frame,"aw" -__EH_FRAME_BEGIN__: - - # - # Fragment of the ELF _fini routine that invokes our dtor cleanup. - # - -.section .fini,"ax" - - # Since the bits of the _fini function are spread across many - # object files, each potentially with its own GP, we must - # assume we need to load ours. Further, our .fini section - # can easily be more than 4MB away from our .text bits so we - # can't use bsr. - - br $29,1f -1: ldgp $29,0($29) - jsr $26,__do_global_dtors_aux - - # Ideally this call would go in crtend.o, except that we can't - # get hold of __EH_FRAME_BEGIN__ there. - - jsr $26,__do_frame_takedown - - # Must match the alignment we got from crti.o else we get - # zero-filled holes in our _fini function and then SIGILL. - .align 3 - - # - # Fragment of the ELF _init routine that sets up the frame info. - # - -.section .init,"ax" - br $29,1f -1: ldgp $29,0($29) - jsr $26,__do_frame_setup - .align 3 - - # - # Invoke our destructors in order. - # - -.data - - # Support recursive calls to exit. -$ptr: .quad __DTOR_LIST__ - -.text - - .align 3 - .ent __do_global_dtors_aux - -__do_global_dtors_aux: - lda $30,-16($30) - .frame $30,16,$26,0 - stq $9,8($30) - stq $26,0($30) - .mask 0x4000200,-16 - .prologue 0 - - lda $9,$ptr - br 1f -0: stq $1,0($9) - jsr $26,($27) -1: ldq $1,0($9) - ldq $27,8($1) - addq $1,8,$1 - bne $27,0b - - ldq $26,0($30) - ldq $9,8($30) - lda $30,16($30) - ret - - .end __do_global_dtors_aux - - # - # Install our frame info. - # - - # ??? How can we rationally keep this size correct? - -.section .bss - .type $object,@object - .align 3 -$object: - .zero 48 - .size $object, 48 - -.text - - .align 3 - .ent __do_frame_setup - -__do_frame_setup: - ldgp $29,0($27) - lda $30,-16($30) - .frame $30,16,$26,0 - stq $26,0($30) - .mask 0x4000000,-16 - .prologue 1 - - lda $1,__register_frame_info - beq $1,0f - lda $16,__EH_FRAME_BEGIN__ - lda $17,$object - jsr $26,__register_frame_info - ldq $26,0($30) -0: lda $30,16($30) - ret - - .end __do_frame_setup - - # - # Remove our frame info. - # - - .align 3 - .ent __do_frame_takedown - -__do_frame_takedown: - ldgp $29,0($27) - lda $30,-16($30) - .frame $30,16,$26,0 - stq $26,0($30) - .mask 0x4000000,-16 - .prologue 1 - - lda $1,__deregister_frame_info - beq $1,0f - lda $16,__EH_FRAME_BEGIN__ - jsr $26,__deregister_frame_info - ldq $26,0($30) -0: lda $30,16($30) - ret - - .end __do_frame_takedown - -.weak __register_frame_info -.weak __deregister_frame_info diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtend.asm b/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtend.asm deleted file mode 100644 index 4a0cc5e9f612..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/crtend.asm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,108 +0,0 @@ - # Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - # Contributed by Richard Henderson (rth@tamu.edu) - # - # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it - # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the - # Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any - # later version. - # - # In addition to the permissions in the GNU General Public License, the - # Free Software Foundation gives you unlimited permission to link the - # compiled version of this file with other programs, and to distribute - # those programs without any restriction coming from the use of this - # file. (The General Public License restrictions do apply in other - # respects; for example, they cover modification of the file, and - # distribution when not linked into another program.) - # - # This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but - # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of - # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU - # General Public License for more details. - # - # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License - # along with this program; see the file COPYING. If not, write to - # the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, - # Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. - # - # As a special exception, if you link this library with files - # compiled with GCC to produce an executable, this does not cause - # the resulting executable to be covered by the GNU General Public License. - # This exception does not however invalidate any other reasons why - # the executable file might be covered by the GNU General Public License. - - # - # Tails of the constructor/destructor lists. - # - - # The __*TOR_END__ symbols are not global because when this file is used - # in a shared library, we do not want the symbol to fall over to the - # application's lists. - -.section .ctors,"aw" - - .align 3 -__CTOR_END__: - .quad 0 - -.section .dtors,"aw" - - .align 3 -__DTOR_END__: - .quad 0 - -.section .eh_frame,"aw" -__FRAME_END__: - .quad 0 - - # - # Fragment of the ELF _init routine that invokes our ctor startup - # - -.section .init,"ax" - - # Since the bits of the _init function are spread across many - # object files, each potentially with its own GP, we must - # assume we need to load ours. Further, our .init section - # can easily be more than 4MB away from our .text bits so we - # can't use bsr. - - br $29,1f -1: ldgp $29,0($29) - jsr $26,__do_global_ctors_aux - - # Must match the alignment we got from crti.o else we get - # zero-filled holes in our _init function and thense SIGILL. - .align 3 - - # - # Invoke our destructors in order. - # - -.text - - .align 3 - .ent __do_global_ctors_aux - -__do_global_ctors_aux: - ldgp $29,0($27) - lda $30,-16($30) - .frame $30,16,$26,0 - stq $9,8($30) - stq $26,0($30) - .mask 0x4000200,-16 - .prologue 1 - - lda $9,__CTOR_END__ - br 1f -0: jsr $26,($27) -1: ldq $27,-8($9) - subq $9,8,$9 - not $27,$0 - bne $0,0b - - ldq $26,0($30) - ldq $9,8($30) - lda $30,16($30) - ret - - .end __do_global_ctors_aux diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf12.h b/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf12.h deleted file mode 100644 index 98c289714017..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf12.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ -/* Definitions of target machine for GNU compiler, for DEC Alpha, using - encapsulated stabs and OSF V1.2. - Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Richard Kenner (kenner@vlsi1.ultra.nyu.edu) - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to -the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - -#include "alpha/osf12.h" - -#undef PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE -#define PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE DBX_DEBUG diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf2.h b/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf2.h deleted file mode 100644 index 5ddb7981b34d..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb-osf2.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ -/* Definitions of target machine for GNU compiler, for DEC Alpha, using - encapsulated stabs. - Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Peter Schauer (pes@regent.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de). - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to -the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - -#include "alpha/osf2.h" - -#undef PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE -#define PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE DBX_DEBUG diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb.h b/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb.h deleted file mode 100644 index ecdbe40a9a45..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/gdb.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ -/* Definitions of target machine for GNU compiler, for DEC Alpha, using - encapsulated stabs. - Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Peter Schauer (pes@regent.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de). - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to -the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - -#include "alpha/alpha.h" - -#undef PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE -#define PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE DBX_DEBUG diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/osf2.h b/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/osf2.h deleted file mode 100644 index 169af5a01c97..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/alpha/osf2.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,32 +0,0 @@ -/* Definitions of target machine for GNU compiler, for DEC Alpha. - Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Richard Kenner (kenner@vlsi1.ultra.nyu.edu) - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to -the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - - -#include "alpha/alpha.h" - -/* In OSF 2.0, the size of wchar_t was changed from short unsigned - to unsigned int. */ - -#undef WCHAR_TYPE -#define WCHAR_TYPE "unsigned int" - -#undef WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE -#define WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE 32 diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd-elf.h b/contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd-elf.h deleted file mode 100644 index e97d4ca07bb2..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd-elf.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,257 +0,0 @@ -/* Definitions for Intel 386 running FreeBSD with ELF format - Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Eric Youngdale. - Modified for stabs-in-ELF by H.J. Lu. - Adapted from GNU/Linux version by John Polstra. - Continued development by David O'Brien <obrien@freebsd.org> - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to -the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - -#undef TARGET_VERSION -#define TARGET_VERSION fprintf (stderr, " (i386 FreeBSD/ELF)"); - -/* The svr4 ABI for the i386 says that records and unions are returned - in memory. */ -/* On FreeBSD, we do not. */ -#undef DEFAULT_PCC_STRUCT_RETURN -#define DEFAULT_PCC_STRUCT_RETURN 0 - -/* This gets defined in tm.h->linux.h->svr4.h, and keeps us from using - libraries compiled with the native cc, so undef it. */ -#undef NO_DOLLAR_IN_LABEL - -/* Use more efficient ``thunks'' to implement C++ vtables. */ -#undef DEFAULT_VTABLE_THUNKS -#define DEFAULT_VTABLE_THUNKS 1 - -/* Override the default comment-starter of "/". */ -#undef ASM_COMMENT_START -#define ASM_COMMENT_START "#" - -#undef ASM_APP_ON -#define ASM_APP_ON "#APP\n" - -#undef ASM_APP_OFF -#define ASM_APP_OFF "#NO_APP\n" - -#undef SET_ASM_OP -#define SET_ASM_OP ".set" - -/* This is how to output an element of a case-vector that is relative. - This is only used for PIC code. See comments by the `casesi' insn in - i386.md for an explanation of the expression this outputs. */ -#undef ASM_OUTPUT_ADDR_DIFF_ELT -#define ASM_OUTPUT_ADDR_DIFF_ELT(FILE, BODY, VALUE, REL) \ - fprintf (FILE, "\t.long _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+[.-%s%d]\n", LPREFIX, VALUE) - -/* Indicate that jump tables go in the text section. This is - necessary when compiling PIC code. */ -#define JUMP_TABLES_IN_TEXT_SECTION (flag_pic) - -/* Use stabs instead of DWARF debug format. */ -#undef PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE -#define PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE DBX_DEBUG - -/* Copy this from the svr4 specifications... */ -/* Define the register numbers to be used in Dwarf debugging information. - The SVR4 reference port C compiler uses the following register numbers - in its Dwarf output code: - 0 for %eax (gnu regno = 0) - 1 for %ecx (gnu regno = 2) - 2 for %edx (gnu regno = 1) - 3 for %ebx (gnu regno = 3) - 4 for %esp (gnu regno = 7) - 5 for %ebp (gnu regno = 6) - 6 for %esi (gnu regno = 4) - 7 for %edi (gnu regno = 5) - The following three DWARF register numbers are never generated by - the SVR4 C compiler or by the GNU compilers, but SDB on x86/svr4 - believes these numbers have these meanings. - 8 for %eip (no gnu equivalent) - 9 for %eflags (no gnu equivalent) - 10 for %trapno (no gnu equivalent) - It is not at all clear how we should number the FP stack registers - for the x86 architecture. If the version of SDB on x86/svr4 were - a bit less brain dead with respect to floating-point then we would - have a precedent to follow with respect to DWARF register numbers - for x86 FP registers, but the SDB on x86/svr4 is so completely - broken with respect to FP registers that it is hardly worth thinking - of it as something to strive for compatibility with. - The version of x86/svr4 SDB I have at the moment does (partially) - seem to believe that DWARF register number 11 is associated with - the x86 register %st(0), but that's about all. Higher DWARF - register numbers don't seem to be associated with anything in - particular, and even for DWARF regno 11, SDB only seems to under- - stand that it should say that a variable lives in %st(0) (when - asked via an `=' command) if we said it was in DWARF regno 11, - but SDB still prints garbage when asked for the value of the - variable in question (via a `/' command). - (Also note that the labels SDB prints for various FP stack regs - when doing an `x' command are all wrong.) - Note that these problems generally don't affect the native SVR4 - C compiler because it doesn't allow the use of -O with -g and - because when it is *not* optimizing, it allocates a memory - location for each floating-point variable, and the memory - location is what gets described in the DWARF AT_location - attribute for the variable in question. - Regardless of the severe mental illness of the x86/svr4 SDB, we - do something sensible here and we use the following DWARF - register numbers. Note that these are all stack-top-relative - numbers. - 11 for %st(0) (gnu regno = 8) - 12 for %st(1) (gnu regno = 9) - 13 for %st(2) (gnu regno = 10) - 14 for %st(3) (gnu regno = 11) - 15 for %st(4) (gnu regno = 12) - 16 for %st(5) (gnu regno = 13) - 17 for %st(6) (gnu regno = 14) - 18 for %st(7) (gnu regno = 15) -*/ -#undef DBX_REGISTER_NUMBER -#define DBX_REGISTER_NUMBER(n) \ -((n) == 0 ? 0 \ - : (n) == 1 ? 2 \ - : (n) == 2 ? 1 \ - : (n) == 3 ? 3 \ - : (n) == 4 ? 6 \ - : (n) == 5 ? 7 \ - : (n) == 6 ? 5 \ - : (n) == 7 ? 4 \ - : ((n) >= FIRST_STACK_REG && (n) <= LAST_STACK_REG) ? (n)+3 \ - : (-1)) - -/* Tell final.c that we don't need a label passed to mcount. */ - -#undef FUNCTION_PROFILER -#define FUNCTION_PROFILER(FILE, LABELNO) \ -{ \ - if (flag_pic) \ - fprintf (FILE, "\tcall *.mcount@GOT(%%ebx)\n"); \ - else \ - fprintf (FILE, "\tcall .mcount\n"); \ -} - -#undef SIZE_TYPE -#define SIZE_TYPE "unsigned int" - -#undef PTRDIFF_TYPE -#define PTRDIFF_TYPE "int" - -#undef WCHAR_TYPE -#define WCHAR_TYPE "int" - -#undef WCHAR_UNSIGNED -#define WCHAR_UNSIGNED 0 - -#undef WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE -#define WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE BITS_PER_WORD - -#undef CPP_PREDEFINES -#define CPP_PREDEFINES "-Di386 -Dunix -D__ELF__ -D__FreeBSD__ -Asystem(unix) -Asystem(FreeBSD) -Acpu(i386) -Amachine(i386)" - -#undef CPP_SPEC -#define CPP_SPEC "%(cpp_cpu) %{fPIC:-D__PIC__ -D__pic__} %{fpic:-D__PIC__ -D__pic__} %{posix:-D_POSIX_SOURCE}" - -/* This defines which switch letters take arguments. On FreeBSD, most of - the normal cases (defined in gcc.c) apply, and we also have -h* and - -z* options (for the linker) (comming from svr4). - We also have -R (alias --rpath), no -z, --soname (-h), --assert etc. */ - -#undef SWITCH_TAKES_ARG -#define SWITCH_TAKES_ARG(CHAR) \ - (DEFAULT_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (CHAR) \ - || (CHAR) == 'h' \ - || (CHAR) == 'z' \ - || (CHAR) == 'R') - -/* Provide a STARTFILE_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Here we add - the magical crtbegin.o file (see crtstuff.c) which provides part - of the support for getting C++ file-scope static object constructed - before entering `main'. */ - -#undef STARTFILE_SPEC -#define STARTFILE_SPEC \ - "%{!shared: \ - %{pg:gcrt1.o%s} %{!pg:%{p:gcrt1.o%s} \ - %{!p:%{profile:gcrt1.o%s} \ - %{!profile:crt1.o%s}}}} \ - crti.o%s %{!shared:crtbegin.o%s} %{shared:crtbeginS.o%s}" - -/* Provide a ENDFILE_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Here we tack on - the magical crtend.o file (see crtstuff.c) which provides part of - the support for getting C++ file-scope static object constructed - before entering `main', followed by a normal "finalizer" file, - `crtn.o'. */ - -#undef ENDFILE_SPEC -#define ENDFILE_SPEC \ - "%{!shared:crtend.o%s} %{shared:crtendS.o%s} crtn.o%s" - -/* Provide a LIB_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Just select the appropriate - libc, depending on whether we're doing profiling or need threads support. - (simular to the default, except no -lg, and no -p. */ - -#undef LIB_SPEC -#define LIB_SPEC "%{!shared: \ - %{!pg:%{!pthread:%{!kthread:-lc} \ - %{kthread:-lpthread -lc}} \ - %{pthread:-lc_r}} \ - %{pg:%{!pthread:%{!kthread:-lc_p} \ - %{kthread:-lpthread_p -lc_p}} \ - %{pthread:-lc_r_p}}}" - -/* Provide a LINK_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Here we provide support - for the special GCC options -static and -shared, which allow us to - link things in one of these three modes by applying the appropriate - combinations of options at link-time. We like to support here for - as many of the other GNU linker options as possible. But I don't - have the time to search for those flags. I am sure how to add - support for -soname shared_object_name. H.J. - - I took out %{v:%{!V:-V}}. It is too much :-(. They can use - -Wl,-V. - - When the -shared link option is used a final link is not being - done. */ - -#undef LINK_SPEC -#define LINK_SPEC "-m elf_i386 \ - %{Wl,*:%*} \ - %{v:-V} \ - %{assert*} %{R*} %{rpath*} %{defsym*} \ - %{shared:-Bshareable %{h*} %{soname*}} \ - %{!shared: \ - %{!static: \ - %{rdynamic:-export-dynamic} \ - %{!dynamic-linker:-dynamic-linker /usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1}} \ - %{static:-Bstatic}} \ - %{symbolic:-Bsymbolic}" - -/* A C statement to output to the stdio stream FILE an assembler - command to advance the location counter to a multiple of 1<<LOG - bytes if it is within MAX_SKIP bytes. - - This is used to align code labels according to Intel recommendations. */ - -#ifdef HAVE_GAS_MAX_SKIP_P2ALIGN -#define ASM_OUTPUT_MAX_SKIP_ALIGN(FILE,LOG,MAX_SKIP) \ - if ((LOG) != 0) {\ - if ((MAX_SKIP) == 0) fprintf ((FILE), "\t.p2align %d\n", (LOG)); \ - else fprintf ((FILE), "\t.p2align %d,,%d\n", (LOG), (MAX_SKIP)); \ - } -#endif diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd.h.fixed b/contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd.h.fixed deleted file mode 100644 index e97d4ca07bb2..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/i386/freebsd.h.fixed +++ /dev/null @@ -1,257 +0,0 @@ -/* Definitions for Intel 386 running FreeBSD with ELF format - Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Eric Youngdale. - Modified for stabs-in-ELF by H.J. Lu. - Adapted from GNU/Linux version by John Polstra. - Continued development by David O'Brien <obrien@freebsd.org> - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to -the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - -#undef TARGET_VERSION -#define TARGET_VERSION fprintf (stderr, " (i386 FreeBSD/ELF)"); - -/* The svr4 ABI for the i386 says that records and unions are returned - in memory. */ -/* On FreeBSD, we do not. */ -#undef DEFAULT_PCC_STRUCT_RETURN -#define DEFAULT_PCC_STRUCT_RETURN 0 - -/* This gets defined in tm.h->linux.h->svr4.h, and keeps us from using - libraries compiled with the native cc, so undef it. */ -#undef NO_DOLLAR_IN_LABEL - -/* Use more efficient ``thunks'' to implement C++ vtables. */ -#undef DEFAULT_VTABLE_THUNKS -#define DEFAULT_VTABLE_THUNKS 1 - -/* Override the default comment-starter of "/". */ -#undef ASM_COMMENT_START -#define ASM_COMMENT_START "#" - -#undef ASM_APP_ON -#define ASM_APP_ON "#APP\n" - -#undef ASM_APP_OFF -#define ASM_APP_OFF "#NO_APP\n" - -#undef SET_ASM_OP -#define SET_ASM_OP ".set" - -/* This is how to output an element of a case-vector that is relative. - This is only used for PIC code. See comments by the `casesi' insn in - i386.md for an explanation of the expression this outputs. */ -#undef ASM_OUTPUT_ADDR_DIFF_ELT -#define ASM_OUTPUT_ADDR_DIFF_ELT(FILE, BODY, VALUE, REL) \ - fprintf (FILE, "\t.long _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+[.-%s%d]\n", LPREFIX, VALUE) - -/* Indicate that jump tables go in the text section. This is - necessary when compiling PIC code. */ -#define JUMP_TABLES_IN_TEXT_SECTION (flag_pic) - -/* Use stabs instead of DWARF debug format. */ -#undef PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE -#define PREFERRED_DEBUGGING_TYPE DBX_DEBUG - -/* Copy this from the svr4 specifications... */ -/* Define the register numbers to be used in Dwarf debugging information. - The SVR4 reference port C compiler uses the following register numbers - in its Dwarf output code: - 0 for %eax (gnu regno = 0) - 1 for %ecx (gnu regno = 2) - 2 for %edx (gnu regno = 1) - 3 for %ebx (gnu regno = 3) - 4 for %esp (gnu regno = 7) - 5 for %ebp (gnu regno = 6) - 6 for %esi (gnu regno = 4) - 7 for %edi (gnu regno = 5) - The following three DWARF register numbers are never generated by - the SVR4 C compiler or by the GNU compilers, but SDB on x86/svr4 - believes these numbers have these meanings. - 8 for %eip (no gnu equivalent) - 9 for %eflags (no gnu equivalent) - 10 for %trapno (no gnu equivalent) - It is not at all clear how we should number the FP stack registers - for the x86 architecture. If the version of SDB on x86/svr4 were - a bit less brain dead with respect to floating-point then we would - have a precedent to follow with respect to DWARF register numbers - for x86 FP registers, but the SDB on x86/svr4 is so completely - broken with respect to FP registers that it is hardly worth thinking - of it as something to strive for compatibility with. - The version of x86/svr4 SDB I have at the moment does (partially) - seem to believe that DWARF register number 11 is associated with - the x86 register %st(0), but that's about all. Higher DWARF - register numbers don't seem to be associated with anything in - particular, and even for DWARF regno 11, SDB only seems to under- - stand that it should say that a variable lives in %st(0) (when - asked via an `=' command) if we said it was in DWARF regno 11, - but SDB still prints garbage when asked for the value of the - variable in question (via a `/' command). - (Also note that the labels SDB prints for various FP stack regs - when doing an `x' command are all wrong.) - Note that these problems generally don't affect the native SVR4 - C compiler because it doesn't allow the use of -O with -g and - because when it is *not* optimizing, it allocates a memory - location for each floating-point variable, and the memory - location is what gets described in the DWARF AT_location - attribute for the variable in question. - Regardless of the severe mental illness of the x86/svr4 SDB, we - do something sensible here and we use the following DWARF - register numbers. Note that these are all stack-top-relative - numbers. - 11 for %st(0) (gnu regno = 8) - 12 for %st(1) (gnu regno = 9) - 13 for %st(2) (gnu regno = 10) - 14 for %st(3) (gnu regno = 11) - 15 for %st(4) (gnu regno = 12) - 16 for %st(5) (gnu regno = 13) - 17 for %st(6) (gnu regno = 14) - 18 for %st(7) (gnu regno = 15) -*/ -#undef DBX_REGISTER_NUMBER -#define DBX_REGISTER_NUMBER(n) \ -((n) == 0 ? 0 \ - : (n) == 1 ? 2 \ - : (n) == 2 ? 1 \ - : (n) == 3 ? 3 \ - : (n) == 4 ? 6 \ - : (n) == 5 ? 7 \ - : (n) == 6 ? 5 \ - : (n) == 7 ? 4 \ - : ((n) >= FIRST_STACK_REG && (n) <= LAST_STACK_REG) ? (n)+3 \ - : (-1)) - -/* Tell final.c that we don't need a label passed to mcount. */ - -#undef FUNCTION_PROFILER -#define FUNCTION_PROFILER(FILE, LABELNO) \ -{ \ - if (flag_pic) \ - fprintf (FILE, "\tcall *.mcount@GOT(%%ebx)\n"); \ - else \ - fprintf (FILE, "\tcall .mcount\n"); \ -} - -#undef SIZE_TYPE -#define SIZE_TYPE "unsigned int" - -#undef PTRDIFF_TYPE -#define PTRDIFF_TYPE "int" - -#undef WCHAR_TYPE -#define WCHAR_TYPE "int" - -#undef WCHAR_UNSIGNED -#define WCHAR_UNSIGNED 0 - -#undef WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE -#define WCHAR_TYPE_SIZE BITS_PER_WORD - -#undef CPP_PREDEFINES -#define CPP_PREDEFINES "-Di386 -Dunix -D__ELF__ -D__FreeBSD__ -Asystem(unix) -Asystem(FreeBSD) -Acpu(i386) -Amachine(i386)" - -#undef CPP_SPEC -#define CPP_SPEC "%(cpp_cpu) %{fPIC:-D__PIC__ -D__pic__} %{fpic:-D__PIC__ -D__pic__} %{posix:-D_POSIX_SOURCE}" - -/* This defines which switch letters take arguments. On FreeBSD, most of - the normal cases (defined in gcc.c) apply, and we also have -h* and - -z* options (for the linker) (comming from svr4). - We also have -R (alias --rpath), no -z, --soname (-h), --assert etc. */ - -#undef SWITCH_TAKES_ARG -#define SWITCH_TAKES_ARG(CHAR) \ - (DEFAULT_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (CHAR) \ - || (CHAR) == 'h' \ - || (CHAR) == 'z' \ - || (CHAR) == 'R') - -/* Provide a STARTFILE_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Here we add - the magical crtbegin.o file (see crtstuff.c) which provides part - of the support for getting C++ file-scope static object constructed - before entering `main'. */ - -#undef STARTFILE_SPEC -#define STARTFILE_SPEC \ - "%{!shared: \ - %{pg:gcrt1.o%s} %{!pg:%{p:gcrt1.o%s} \ - %{!p:%{profile:gcrt1.o%s} \ - %{!profile:crt1.o%s}}}} \ - crti.o%s %{!shared:crtbegin.o%s} %{shared:crtbeginS.o%s}" - -/* Provide a ENDFILE_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Here we tack on - the magical crtend.o file (see crtstuff.c) which provides part of - the support for getting C++ file-scope static object constructed - before entering `main', followed by a normal "finalizer" file, - `crtn.o'. */ - -#undef ENDFILE_SPEC -#define ENDFILE_SPEC \ - "%{!shared:crtend.o%s} %{shared:crtendS.o%s} crtn.o%s" - -/* Provide a LIB_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Just select the appropriate - libc, depending on whether we're doing profiling or need threads support. - (simular to the default, except no -lg, and no -p. */ - -#undef LIB_SPEC -#define LIB_SPEC "%{!shared: \ - %{!pg:%{!pthread:%{!kthread:-lc} \ - %{kthread:-lpthread -lc}} \ - %{pthread:-lc_r}} \ - %{pg:%{!pthread:%{!kthread:-lc_p} \ - %{kthread:-lpthread_p -lc_p}} \ - %{pthread:-lc_r_p}}}" - -/* Provide a LINK_SPEC appropriate for FreeBSD. Here we provide support - for the special GCC options -static and -shared, which allow us to - link things in one of these three modes by applying the appropriate - combinations of options at link-time. We like to support here for - as many of the other GNU linker options as possible. But I don't - have the time to search for those flags. I am sure how to add - support for -soname shared_object_name. H.J. - - I took out %{v:%{!V:-V}}. It is too much :-(. They can use - -Wl,-V. - - When the -shared link option is used a final link is not being - done. */ - -#undef LINK_SPEC -#define LINK_SPEC "-m elf_i386 \ - %{Wl,*:%*} \ - %{v:-V} \ - %{assert*} %{R*} %{rpath*} %{defsym*} \ - %{shared:-Bshareable %{h*} %{soname*}} \ - %{!shared: \ - %{!static: \ - %{rdynamic:-export-dynamic} \ - %{!dynamic-linker:-dynamic-linker /usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1}} \ - %{static:-Bstatic}} \ - %{symbolic:-Bsymbolic}" - -/* A C statement to output to the stdio stream FILE an assembler - command to advance the location counter to a multiple of 1<<LOG - bytes if it is within MAX_SKIP bytes. - - This is used to align code labels according to Intel recommendations. */ - -#ifdef HAVE_GAS_MAX_SKIP_P2ALIGN -#define ASM_OUTPUT_MAX_SKIP_ALIGN(FILE,LOG,MAX_SKIP) \ - if ((LOG) != 0) {\ - if ((MAX_SKIP) == 0) fprintf ((FILE), "\t.p2align %d\n", (LOG)); \ - else fprintf ((FILE), "\t.p2align %d,,%d\n", (LOG), (MAX_SKIP)); \ - } -#endif diff --git a/contrib/gcc/config/i386/x-freebsd b/contrib/gcc/config/i386/x-freebsd deleted file mode 100644 index a9b13ba5c819..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/config/i386/x-freebsd +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ -# Don't run fixproto -STMP_FIXPROTO = -CLIB=-lgnumalloc diff --git a/contrib/gcc/cp/cfns.h b/contrib/gcc/cp/cfns.h deleted file mode 100644 index a13916073bd5..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/cp/cfns.h +++ /dev/null @@ -1,472 +0,0 @@ -/* C code produced by gperf version 2.7.2 */ -/* Command-line: gperf -o -C -E -k '1-6,$' -j1 -D -N libc_name_p /FBSD/src/gnu/usr.bin/cc/cc1plus/../../../../contrib/gcc/cp/cfns.gperf */ -/* $FreeBSD$ */ -#ifdef __GNUC__ -__inline -#endif -static unsigned int hash PARAMS ((const char *, unsigned int)); -#ifdef __GNUC__ -__inline -#endif -const char * libc_name_p PARAMS ((const char *, unsigned int)); -/* maximum key range = 1020, duplicates = 1 */ - -#ifdef __GNUC__ -__inline -#else -#ifdef __cplusplus -inline -#endif -#endif -static unsigned int -hash (str, len) - register const char *str; - register unsigned int len; -{ - static const unsigned short asso_values[] = - { - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 0, 1, - 0, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 247, 218, 144, - 0, 0, 40, 7, 126, 184, 2, 15, 146, 67, - 9, 60, 0, 0, 3, 0, 7, 8, 197, 1, - 40, 8, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, - 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038, 1038 - }; - register int hval = len; - - switch (hval) - { - default: - case 6: - hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[5]]; - case 5: - hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[4]]; - case 4: - hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[3]]; - case 3: - hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[2]]; - case 2: - hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[1]]; - case 1: - hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]]; - break; - } - return hval + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]]; -} - -#ifdef __GNUC__ -__inline -#endif -const char * -libc_name_p (str, len) - register const char *str; - register unsigned int len; -{ - enum - { - TOTAL_KEYWORDS = 207, - MIN_WORD_LENGTH = 3, - MAX_WORD_LENGTH = 10, - MIN_HASH_VALUE = 18, - MAX_HASH_VALUE = 1037 - }; - - static const char * const wordlist[] = - { - "gets", - "puts", - "sqrt", - "strerror", - "strstr", - "strspn", - "exp", - "free", - "fgets", - "fputs", - "fgetws", - "fputws", - "pow", - "fseek", - "perror", - "strtod", - "toupper", - "towupper", - "frexp", - "strtok", - "fsetpos", - "ferror", - "freopen", - "fgetpos", - "fopen", - "wmemset", - "memset", - "system", - "wcsstr", - "wctype", - "strxfrm", - "wcsspn", - "strcspn", - "fmod", - "strcpy", - "strncpy", - "strlen", - "ungetwc", - "feof", - "ldexp", - "isupper", - "rewind", - "iswupper", - "sin", - "cos", - "modf", - "iswpunct", - "wcstod", - "log10", - "log", - "wcsrtombs", - "strcmp", - "fwide", - "towctrans", - "strncmp", - "strtoul", - "fwrite", - "exit", - "swprintf", - "wcstok", - "strftime", - "sprintf", - "wprintf", - "strpbrk", - "time", - "rand", - "srand", - "wmemmove", - "tan", - "tolower", - "fwprintf", - "towlower", - "wcstombs", - "printf", - "fprintf", - "strchr", - "strrchr", - "wmemcpy", - "fread", - "getwchar", - "putwchar", - "longjmp", - "memcpy", - "wcsxfrm", - "wcscspn", - "getc", - "putc", - "getwc", - "putwc", - "wcscpy", - "wcsncpy", - "wcslen", - "floor", - "setbuf", - "ungetc", - "rename", - "remove", - "gmtime", - "mktime", - "fgetc", - "fputc", - "fgetwc", - "fputwc", - "memcmp", - "iswctype", - "wmemcmp", - "ispunct", - "mbstowcs", - "wcscmp", - "mbsrtowcs", - "setlocale", - "wcsncmp", - "wcstoul", - "strtol", - "wcsftime", - "iswprint", - "wcspbrk", - "iswdigit", - "isprint", - "fclose", - "atof", - "islower", - "iswlower", - "ctime", - "wmemchr", - "memchr", - "wctrans", - "strcat", - "getenv", - "strncat", - "iswxdigit", - "wcschr", - "wcsrchr", - "isxdigit", - "vswprintf", - "raise", - "iswspace", - "vsprintf", - "vwprintf", - "vprintf", - "swscanf", - "sinh", - "tmpfile", - "asin", - "mblen", - "acos", - "mbrlen", - "cosh", - "difftime", - "memmove", - "abs", - "tmpnam", - "vfwprintf", - "setvbuf", - "vfprintf", - "scanf", - "sscanf", - "wscanf", - "fwscanf", - "ftell", - "fflush", - "atexit", - "iswcntrl", - "iscntrl", - "mbrtowc", - "wcrtomb", - "fabs", - "wcstol", - "strcoll", - "atan2", - "tanh", - "atan", - "fscanf", - "clock", - "getchar", - "putchar", - "abort", - "clearerr", - "wcscat", - "wcsncat", - "isdigit", - "isgraph", - "iswgraph", - "btowc", - "div", - "isspace", - "atol", - "labs", - "ceil", - "mbtowc", - "wcscoll", - "wctob", - "asctime", - "iswalnum", - "isalnum", - "mbsinit", - "atoi", - "wctomb", - "ldiv", - "signal", - "realloc", - "localtime", - "iswalpha", - "localeconv", - "isalpha", - "malloc", - "calloc" - }; - - static const short lookup[] = - { - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 2, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, 3, -1, 4, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, 6, -1, -1, -1, 7, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, 8, 9, 10, 11, -1, - -1, 12, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, 13, -1, -1, 14, -1, - -1, -1, -1, 15, -1, 16, -1, 17, - 18, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, 19, 20, -1, -1, -1, 21, 22, - -1, 23, -1, 24, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 25, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 26, 27, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, 28, -1, 29, 30, - -1, 31, 32, 33, -1, -1, -1, -1, - 34, -1, 35, -1, 36, -1, -1, 37, - 38, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 39, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 40, 41, 42, 43, -1, 44, - -1, -1, -1, 45, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, 46, 47, 48, -1, -1, -1, 49, - 50, -1, -1, 51, -1, -1, 52, 53, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 54, 55, -1, - -1, 56, 57, -1, -1, 58, -1, -1, - 59, 60, 61, 62, -1, 63, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 64, 65, - 66, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 67, -1, - -1, -1, -1, 68, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, 69, 70, 71, 72, - -1, 73, 74, -1, 75, 76, 77, 78, - 79, 80, 81, -1, 82, -1, 83, -1, - -1, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, -1, 89, - -1, 90, -1, 91, -1, 92, -1, 93, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 94, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, 95, 96, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 97, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, - 104, 105, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 106, - -1, 107, 108, -1, 109, -1, 110, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, 111, 112, -1, 113, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - 114, -1, -1, 115, 116, -1, -1, 117, - -1, -1, 118, -1, 119, -1, 120, -1, - -1, 121, -1, 122, -1, -1, -1, 123, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 124, - 125, -1, 126, -1, -1, 127, -1, 128, - 129, 130, -1, 131, 132, -1, 133, -1, - -1, -1, 134, -1, -1, -1, -1, 135, - 136, 137, 138, -1, -1, -1, -1, 139, - 140, 141, -1, 142, -1, 143, 144, 145, - -1, -1, 146, -1, 147, -1, -1, 148, - -1, 149, -1, -1, 150, -1, 151, -1, - -1, -1, 152, -1, -1, 153, -1, -1, - -1, 154, -1, -1, -1, 155, 156, 157, - 158, -1, 159, -1, 160, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 161, 162, 163, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -719, -1, 166, 167, -43, - -2, 168, -1, 169, -1, -1, -1, 170, - -1, -1, -1, 171, -1, -1, 172, -1, - -1, 173, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 174, 175, -1, - -1, -1, -1, 176, -1, -1, -1, 177, - -1, -1, -1, -1, 178, -1, -1, 179, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 180, 181, -1, - 182, -1, -1, 183, -1, 184, 185, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, 186, -1, -1, -1, -1, 187, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - 188, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 189, - 190, -1, -1, -1, -1, 191, -1, -1, - 192, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 193, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, 194, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, 195, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 196, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, 197, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - 198, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, 199, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, 200, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 201, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, 202, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 203, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 204, -1, -1, - 205, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, - -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 206 - }; - - if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH) - { - register int key = hash (str, len); - - if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE && key >= 0) - { - register int index = lookup[key]; - - if (index >= 0) - { - register const char *s = wordlist[index]; - - if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1)) - return s; - } - else if (index < -TOTAL_KEYWORDS) - { - register int offset = - 1 - TOTAL_KEYWORDS - index; - register const char * const *wordptr = &wordlist[TOTAL_KEYWORDS + lookup[offset]]; - register const char * const *wordendptr = wordptr + -lookup[offset + 1]; - - while (wordptr < wordendptr) - { - register const char *s = *wordptr; - - if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1)) - return s; - wordptr++; - } - } - } - } - return 0; -} diff --git a/contrib/gcc/cp/g++.c b/contrib/gcc/cp/g++.c deleted file mode 100644 index f694898fa966..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/cp/g++.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,582 +0,0 @@ -/* G++ preliminary semantic processing for the compiler driver. - Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Brendan Kehoe (brendan@cygnus.com). - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify -it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by -the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) -any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -GNU General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License -along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to -the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - -/* This program is a wrapper to the main `gcc' driver. For GNU C++, - we need to do two special things: a) append `-lg++' in situations - where it's appropriate, to link in libg++, and b) add `-xc++'..`-xnone' - around file arguments named `foo.c' or `foo.i'. So, we do all of - this semantic processing then just exec gcc with the new argument - list. - - We used to do all of this in a small shell script, but many users - found the performance of this as a shell script to be unacceptable. - In situations where your PATH has a lot of NFS-mounted directories, - using a script that runs sed and other things would be a nasty - performance hit. With this program, we never search the PATH at all. */ - -#include "config.h" -#ifdef __STDC__ -#include <stdarg.h> -#else -#include <varargs.h> -#endif -#include <stdio.h> -#include <sys/types.h> -#if !defined(_WIN32) -#include <sys/file.h> /* May get R_OK, etc. on some systems. */ -#else -#include <process.h> -#endif -#include <errno.h> - -/* Defined to the name of the compiler; if using a cross compiler, the - Makefile should compile this file with the proper name - (e.g., "i386-aout-gcc"). */ -#ifndef GCC_NAME -#define GCC_NAME "gcc" -#endif - -/* This bit is set if we saw a `-xfoo' language specification. */ -#define LANGSPEC (1<<1) -/* This bit is set if they did `-lm' or `-lmath'. */ -#define MATHLIB (1<<2) - -#ifndef MATH_LIBRARY -#define MATH_LIBRARY "-lm" -#endif - -/* On MSDOS, write temp files in current dir - because there's no place else we can expect to use. */ -#ifdef __MSDOS__ -#ifndef P_tmpdir -#define P_tmpdir "." -#endif -#ifndef R_OK -#define R_OK 4 -#define W_OK 2 -#define X_OK 1 -#endif -#endif - -#ifndef VPROTO -#ifdef __STDC__ -#define PVPROTO(ARGS) ARGS -#define VPROTO(ARGS) ARGS -#define VA_START(va_list,var) va_start(va_list,var) -#else -#define PVPROTO(ARGS) () -#define VPROTO(ARGS) (va_alist) va_dcl -#define VA_START(va_list,var) va_start(va_list) -#endif -#endif - -#ifndef errno -extern int errno; -#endif - -extern int sys_nerr; -#ifndef HAVE_STRERROR -#if defined(bsd4_4) -extern const char *const sys_errlist[]; -#else -extern char *sys_errlist[]; -#endif -#else -extern char *strerror(); -#endif - -/* Name with which this program was invoked. */ -static char *programname; - -char * -my_strerror(e) - int e; -{ - -#ifdef HAVE_STRERROR - return strerror(e); - -#else - - static char buffer[30]; - if (!e) - return ""; - - if (e > 0 && e < sys_nerr) - return sys_errlist[e]; - - sprintf (buffer, "Unknown error %d", e); - return buffer; -#endif -} - -#ifdef HAVE_VPRINTF -/* Output an error message and exit */ - -static void -fatal VPROTO((char *format, ...)) -{ -#ifndef __STDC__ - char *format; -#endif - va_list ap; - - VA_START (ap, format); - -#ifndef __STDC__ - format = va_arg (ap, char*); -#endif - - fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", programname); - vfprintf (stderr, format, ap); - va_end (ap); - fprintf (stderr, "\n"); -#if 0 - /* XXX Not needed for g++ driver. */ - delete_temp_files (); -#endif - exit (1); -} - -static void -error VPROTO((char *format, ...)) -{ -#ifndef __STDC__ - char *format; -#endif - va_list ap; - - VA_START (ap, format); - -#ifndef __STDC__ - format = va_arg (ap, char*); -#endif - - fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", programname); - vfprintf (stderr, format, ap); - va_end (ap); - - fprintf (stderr, "\n"); -} - -#else /* not HAVE_VPRINTF */ - -static void -error (msg, arg1, arg2) - char *msg, *arg1, *arg2; -{ - fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", programname); - fprintf (stderr, msg, arg1, arg2); - fprintf (stderr, "\n"); -} - -static void -fatal (msg, arg1, arg2) - char *msg, *arg1, *arg2; -{ - error (msg, arg1, arg2); -#if 0 - /* XXX Not needed for g++ driver. */ - delete_temp_files (); -#endif - exit (1); -} - -#endif /* not HAVE_VPRINTF */ - -/* More 'friendly' abort that prints the line and file. - config.h can #define abort fancy_abort if you like that sort of thing. */ - -void -fancy_abort () -{ - fatal ("Internal g++ abort."); -} - -char * -xmalloc (size) - unsigned size; -{ - register char *value = (char *) malloc (size); - if (value == 0) - fatal ("virtual memory exhausted"); - return value; -} - -/* Return a newly-allocated string whose contents concatenate those - of s1, s2, s3. */ -static char * -concat (s1, s2, s3) - char *s1, *s2, *s3; -{ - int len1 = strlen (s1), len2 = strlen (s2), len3 = strlen (s3); - char *result = xmalloc (len1 + len2 + len3 + 1); - - strcpy (result, s1); - strcpy (result + len1, s2); - strcpy (result + len1 + len2, s3); - *(result + len1 + len2 + len3) = 0; - - return result; -} - -static void -pfatal_with_name (name) - char *name; -{ - fatal (concat ("%s: ", my_strerror (errno), ""), name); -} - -#ifdef __MSDOS__ -/* This is the common prefix we use to make temp file names. */ -char *temp_filename; - -/* Length of the prefix. */ -int temp_filename_length; - -/* Compute a string to use as the base of all temporary file names. */ -static char * -choose_temp_base_try (try, base) -char *try; -char *base; -{ - char *rv; - if (base) - rv = base; - else if (try == (char *)0) - rv = 0; - else if (access (try, R_OK | W_OK) != 0) - rv = 0; - else - rv = try; - return rv; -} - -static void -choose_temp_base () -{ - char *base = 0; - int len; - - base = choose_temp_base_try (getenv ("TMPDIR"), base); - base = choose_temp_base_try (getenv ("TMP"), base); - base = choose_temp_base_try (getenv ("TEMP"), base); - -#ifdef P_tmpdir - base = choose_temp_base_try (P_tmpdir, base); -#endif - - base = choose_temp_base_try ("/usr/tmp", base); - base = choose_temp_base_try ("/tmp", base); - - /* If all else fails, use the current directory! */ - if (base == (char *)0) - base = "./"; - - len = strlen (base); - temp_filename = xmalloc (len + sizeof("/ccXXXXXX")); - strcpy (temp_filename, base); - if (len > 0 && temp_filename[len-1] != '/') - temp_filename[len++] = '/'; - strcpy (temp_filename + len, "ccXXXXXX"); - - mktemp (temp_filename); - temp_filename_length = strlen (temp_filename); - if (temp_filename_length == 0) - abort (); -} - -static void -perror_exec (name) - char *name; -{ - char *s; - - if (errno < sys_nerr) - s = concat ("installation problem, cannot exec %s: ", - my_strerror( errno ), ""); - else - s = "installation problem, cannot exec %s"; - error (s, name); -} - -/* This is almost exactly what's in gcc.c:pexecute for MSDOS. */ -void -run_dos (program, argv) - char *program; - char *argv[]; -{ - char *scmd, *rf; - FILE *argfile; - int i; - - choose_temp_base (); /* not in gcc.c */ - - scmd = (char *) malloc (strlen (program) + strlen (temp_filename) + 10); - rf = scmd + strlen (program) + 6; - sprintf (scmd, "%s.exe @%s.gp", program, temp_filename); - - argfile = fopen (rf, "w"); - if (argfile == 0) - pfatal_with_name (rf); - - for (i=1; argv[i]; i++) - { - char *cp; - for (cp = argv[i]; *cp; cp++) - { - if (*cp == '"' || *cp == '\'' || *cp == '\\' || isspace (*cp)) - fputc ('\\', argfile); - fputc (*cp, argfile); - } - fputc ('\n', argfile); - } - fclose (argfile); - - i = system (scmd); - - remove (rf); - - if (i == -1) - perror_exec (program); -} -#endif /* __MSDOS__ */ - -int -main (argc, argv) - int argc; - char **argv; -{ - register int i, j = 0; - register char *p; - int verbose = 0; - - /* This will be 0 if we encounter a situation where we should not - link in libstdc++, or 2 if we should link in libg++ as well. */ - int library = 1; - - /* Used to track options that take arguments, so we don't go wrapping - those with -xc++/-xnone. */ - char *quote = NULL; - - /* The new argument list will be contained in this. */ - char **arglist; - - /* The name of the compiler we will want to run---by default, it - will be the definition of `GCC_NAME', e.g., `gcc'. */ - char *gcc = GCC_NAME; - - /* Non-zero if we saw a `-xfoo' language specification on the - command line. Used to avoid adding our own -xc++ if the user - already gave a language for the file. */ - int saw_speclang = 0; - - /* Non-zero if we saw `-lm' or `-lmath' on the command line. */ - char *saw_math = 0; - - /* The number of arguments being added to what's in argv, other than - libraries. We use this to track the number of times we've inserted - -xc++/-xnone. */ - int added = 0; - - /* An array used to flag each argument that needs a bit set for - LANGSPEC or MATHLIB. */ - int *args; - - p = argv[0] + strlen (argv[0]); - - /* If we're called as g++ (or i386-aout-g++), link in libg++ as well. */ - - if (strcmp (p - 3, "g++") == 0) - { - library = 2; - } - - while (p != argv[0] && p[-1] != '/') - --p; - programname = p; - - if (argc == 1) - fatal ("No input files specified.\n"); - -#ifndef __MSDOS__ - /* We do a little magic to find out where the main gcc executable - is. If they ran us as /usr/local/bin/g++, then we will look - for /usr/local/bin/gcc; similarly, if they just ran us as `g++', - we'll just look for `gcc'. */ - if (p != argv[0]) - { - *--p = '\0'; - gcc = (char *) malloc ((strlen (argv[0]) + 1 + strlen (GCC_NAME) + 1) - * sizeof (char)); - sprintf (gcc, "%s/%s", argv[0], GCC_NAME); - } -#endif - - args = (int *) malloc (argc * sizeof (int)); - bzero ((char *) args, argc * sizeof (int)); - - for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) - { - /* If the previous option took an argument, we swallow it here. */ - if (quote) - { - quote = NULL; - continue; - } - - if (argv[i][0] == '\0' || argv[i][1] == '\0') - continue; - - if (argv[i][0] == '-') - { - if (library != 0 && strcmp (argv[i], "-nostdlib") == 0) - { - library = 0; - } - else if (strcmp (argv[i], "-lm") == 0 - || strcmp (argv[i], "-lmath") == 0) - args[i] |= MATHLIB; - else if (strcmp (argv[i], "-v") == 0) - { - verbose = 1; - if (argc == 2) - { - /* If they only gave us `-v', don't try to link - in libg++. */ - library = 0; - } - } - else if (strncmp (argv[i], "-x", 2) == 0) - saw_speclang = 1; - else if (((argv[i][2] == '\0' - && (char *)strchr ("bBVDUoeTuIYmLiA", argv[i][1]) != NULL) - || strcmp (argv[i], "-Tdata") == 0)) - quote = argv[i]; - else if (library != 0 && ((argv[i][2] == '\0' - && (char *) strchr ("cSEM", argv[i][1]) != NULL) - || strcmp (argv[i], "-MM") == 0)) - { - /* Don't specify libraries if we won't link, since that would - cause a warning. */ - library = 0; - } - else - /* Pass other options through. */ - continue; - } - else - { - int len; - - if (saw_speclang) - { - saw_speclang = 0; - continue; - } - - /* If the filename ends in .c or .i, put options around it. - But not if a specified -x option is currently active. */ - len = strlen (argv[i]); - if (len > 2 - && (argv[i][len - 1] == 'c' || argv[i][len - 1] == 'i') - && argv[i][len - 2] == '.') - { - args[i] |= LANGSPEC; - added += 2; - } - } - } - - if (quote) - fatal ("argument to `%s' missing\n", quote); - - if (added || library) - { - arglist = (char **) malloc ((argc + added + 4) * sizeof (char *)); - - for (i = 1, j = 1; i < argc; i++, j++) - { - arglist[j] = argv[i]; - - /* Make sure -lg++ is before the math library, since libg++ - itself uses those math routines. */ - if (!saw_math && (args[i] & MATHLIB) && library) - { - --j; - saw_math = argv[i]; - } - - /* Wrap foo.c and foo.i files in a language specification to - force the gcc compiler driver to run cc1plus on them. */ - if (args[i] & LANGSPEC) - { - int len = strlen (argv[i]); - if (argv[i][len - 1] == 'i') - arglist[j++] = "-xc++-cpp-output"; - else - arglist[j++] = "-xc++"; - arglist[j++] = argv[i]; - arglist[j] = "-xnone"; - } - } - - /* Add `-lg++' if we haven't already done so. */ - if (library == 2) - arglist[j++] = "-lg++"; - if (library) - arglist[j++] = "-lstdc++"; - if (saw_math) - arglist[j++] = saw_math; - else if (library) - arglist[j++] = MATH_LIBRARY; - - arglist[j] = NULL; - } - else - /* No need to copy 'em all. */ - arglist = argv; - - arglist[0] = gcc; - - if (verbose) - { - if (j == 0) - j = argc; - - for (i = 0; i < j; i++) - fprintf (stderr, " %s", arglist[i]); - fprintf (stderr, "\n"); - } -#if !defined(OS2) && !defined (_WIN32) -#ifdef __MSDOS__ - run_dos (gcc, arglist); -#else /* !__MSDOS__ */ - if (execvp (gcc, arglist) < 0) - pfatal_with_name (gcc); -#endif /* __MSDOS__ */ -#else /* OS2 or _WIN32 */ - if (spawnvp (1, gcc, arglist) < 0) - pfatal_with_name (gcc); -#endif - - return 0; -} diff --git a/contrib/gcc/cp/reno.texi b/contrib/gcc/cp/reno.texi deleted file mode 100644 index 59c3448a0399..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/cp/reno.texi +++ /dev/null @@ -1,752 +0,0 @@ -\input texinfo @c -*- Texinfo -*- -@setfilename reno-1.info - -@ifinfo -@format -START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY -* Reno 1: (reno-1). The GNU C++ Renovation Project, Phase 1. -END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY -@end format -@end ifinfo - -@ifinfo -Copyright @copyright{} 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. - -@ignore -Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the -results, provided the printed document carries a copying permission -notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph -(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). - -@end ignore - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that -the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual -into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. -@end ifinfo - -@setchapternewpage odd -@settitle GNU C++ Renovation Project -@c @smallbook - -@titlepage -@finalout -@title GNU C++ Renovation Project -@subtitle Phase 1.3 -@author Brendan Kehoe, Jason Merrill, -@author Mike Stump, Michael Tiemann -@page - -Edited March, 1994 by Roland Pesch (@code{pesch@@cygnus.com}) -@vskip 0pt plus 1filll -Copyright @copyright{} 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. - -@ignore -Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the -results, provided the printed document carries copying permission -notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph -(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). -@end ignore - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that -the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual -into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. -@end titlepage - -@ifinfo -@node Top -@top @sc{gnu} C++ Renovation Project - -This file describes the goals of the @sc{gnu} C++ Renovation Project, -and its accomplishments to date (as of Phase 1.3). - -It also discusses the remaining divergences from @sc{gnu} C++, and how the -name encoding in @sc{gnu} C++ differs from the sample encoding in -@cite{The Annotated C++ Reference Manual}. -@c This is not a good place to introduce the acronym ARM because it's -@c info-only. - -@menu -* Introduction:: What is the GNU C++ Renovation Project? -* Changes:: Summary of changes since previous GNU C++ releases. -* Plans:: Plans for Reno-2. -* Templates:: The template implementation. -* ANSI:: GNU C++ conformance to ANSI C++. -* Encoding:: Name encoding in GNU C++. -@end menu - -@end ifinfo - -@node Introduction -@chapter Introduction - -As you may remember, @sc{gnu} C++ was the first native-code C++ -compiler available under Unix (December 1987). In November 1988, it was -judged superior to the AT&T compiler in a Unix World review. In 1990 it -won a Sun Observer ``Best-Of'' award. But now, with new requirements -coming out of the @sc{ansi} C++ committee and a growing backlog of bugs, it's -clear that @sc{gnu} C++ needs an overhaul. - -The C++ language has been under development since 1982. It has -evolved significantly since its original incarnation (C with Classes), -addressing many commercial needs and incorporating many lessons -learned as more and more people started using ``object-oriented'' -programming techniques. In 1989, the first X3J16 committee meeting -was held in Washington DC; in the interest of users, C++ was going to -be standardized. - -As C++ has become more popular, more demands have been placed on its -compilers. Some compilers are up to the demands, others are not. -@sc{gnu} C++ was used to prototype several features which have since -been incorporated into the standard, most notably exception handling. -While @sc{gnu} C++ has been an excellent experimental vehicle, it did -not have the resources that AT&T, Borland, or Microsoft have at their -disposal. - -We believe that @sc{gnu} C++ is an important compiler, providing users with -many of the features that have made @sc{gnu} C so popular: fast compilation, -good error messages, innovative features, and full sources that may be -freely redistributed. The purpose of this overhaul, dubbed the @var{@sc{gnu} -C++ Renovation Project}, is to take advantage of the functionality that -@sc{gnu} C++ offers today, to strengthen its base technology, and put it in a -position to remain---as other @sc{gnu} software currently is---the technical -leader in the field. - -This release represents the latest phase of work in strengthening the -compiler on a variety of points. It includes many months of -work concentrated on fixing many of the more egregious bugs that -presented themselves in the compiler recently. -@ignore -@c FIXME-- update? -Nearly 85% of all bugs reported in the period of February to September -of 1992 were fixed as part of the work in the first phase. -@end ignore -In the coming months, we hope to continue expanding and enhancing the -quality and dependability of the industry's only freely redistributable -C++ compiler. - -@node Changes -@chapter Changes in Behavior in @sc{gnu} C++ - -The @sc{gnu} C++ compiler continues to improve and change. A major goal -of our work has been to continue to bring the compiler into compliance -with the draft @sc{ansi} C++ standard, and with @cite{The Annotated C++ -Reference Manual} (the @sc{arm}). This section outlines most of the -user-noticeable changes that might be encountered during the normal -course of use. - -@menu -* Summary of Phase 1.3:: -* Major changes:: -* New features:: -* Enhancements and bug fixes:: -* Problems with debugging:: -@end menu - -@node Summary of Phase 1.3 -@section Summary of Changes in Phase 1.3 - -The bulk of this note discusses the cumulative effects of the @sc{gnu} C++ -Renovation Project to date. The work during its most recent phase (1.3) -had these major effects: - -@itemize @bullet -@item The standard compiler driver @code{g++} is now the faster compiled -version, rather than a shell script. - -@item Nested types work much better; notably, nesting is no longer -restricted to nine levels. - -@item Better @sc{arm} conformance on member access control. - -@item The compiler now always generates default assignment operators -(@samp{operator =}), copy constructors (@samp{X::X(X&)}), and default -constructors (@samp{X::X()}) whenever they are required. - -@item The new draft @sc{ansi} standard keyword @code{mutable} is supported. - -@item @samp{-fansi-overloading} is the default, to comply better with -the @sc{arm} (at some cost in compatibility to earlier versions of @sc{gnu} C++). - -@item More informative error messages. - -@item System include files are automatically treated as if they were -wrapped in @samp{extern "C" @{ @}}. - -@item The new option @samp{-falt-external-templates} provides alternate -template instantiation semantics. - -@item Operator declarations are now checked more strictly. - -@item You can now use template type arguments in the template parameter list. - -@item You can call the destructor for any type. - -@item The compiler source code is better organized. - -@item You can specify where to instantiate template definitions explicitly. -@end itemize - -Much of the work in Phase 1.3 went to elimination of known bugs, as well -as the major items above. - -During the span of Phase 1.3, there were also two changes associated -with the compiler that, while not specifically part of the C++ -Renovation project, may be of interest: - -@itemize @bullet -@item @code{gcov}, a code coverage tool for @sc{gnu cc}, is now available -from Cygnus Support. (@code{gcov} is free software, but the @sc{fsf} has not -yet accepted it.) @xref{Gcov,, @code{gcov}: a Test Coverage Program, -gcc.info, Using GNU CC}, for more information (in Cygnus releases of -that manual). - -@item @sc{gnu} C++ now supports @dfn{signatures}, a language extension to -provide more flexibility in abstract type definitions. @xref{C++ -Signatures,, Type Abstraction using Signatures, gcc.info, Using GNU CC}. -@end itemize - -@node Major changes -@section Major Changes - -This release includes four wholesale rewrites of certain areas of -compiler functionality: - -@enumerate 1 -@item Argument matching. @sc{gnu} C++ is more compliant with the rules -described in Chapter 13, ``Overloading'', of the @sc{arm}. This behavior is -the default, though you can specify it explicitly with -@samp{-fansi-overloading}. For compatibility with earlier releases of -@sc{gnu} C++, specify @samp{-fno-ansi-overloading}; this makes the compiler -behave as it used to with respect to argument matching and name overloading. - -@item Default constructors/destructors. Section 12.8 of the @sc{arm}, ``Copying -Class Objects'', and Section 12.1, ``Constructors'', state that a -compiler must declare such default functions if the user does not -specify them. @sc{gnu} C++ now declares, and generates when necessary, -the defaults for constructors and destructors you might omit. In -particular, assignment operators (@samp{operator =}) behave the same way -whether you define them, or whether the compiler generates them by -default; taking the address of the default @samp{operator =} is now -guaranteed to work. Default copy constructors (@samp{X::X(X&)}) now -function correctly, rather than calling the copy assignment operator for -the base class. Finally, constructors (@samp{X::X()}), as well as -assignment operators and copy constructors, are now available whenever -they are required. - -@c XXX This may be taken out eventually... -@item Binary incompatibility. There are no new binary incompatibilities -in Phase 1.3, but Phase 1.2 introduced two binary incompatibilities with -earlier releases. First, the functionality of @samp{operator -new} and @samp{operator delete} changed. Name encoding -(``mangling'') of virtual table names changed as well. Libraries -built with versions of the compiler earlier than Phase 1.2 must be -compiled with the new compiler. (This includes the Cygnus Q2 -progressive release and the FSF 2.4.5 release.) - -@item New @code{g++} driver. -A new binary @code{g++} compiler driver replaces the shell script. -The new driver executes faster. -@end enumerate - -@node New features -@section New features - -@itemize @bullet -@item -The compiler warns when a class contains only private constructors -or destructors, and has no friends. At the request of some of our -customers, we have added a new option, @samp{-Wctor-dtor-privacy} (on by -default), and its negation, @samp{-Wno-ctor-dtor-privacy}, to control -the emission of this warning. If, for example, you are working towards -making your code compile warning-free, you can use @w{@samp{-Wall --Wno-ctor-dtor-privacy}} to find the most common warnings. - -@item -There is now a mechanism which controls exactly when templates are -expanded, so that you can reduce memory usage and program size and also -instantiate them exactly once. You can control this mechanism with the -option @samp{-fexternal-templates} and its corresponding negation -@samp{-fno-external-templates}. Without this feature, space consumed by -template instantiations can grow unacceptably in large-scale projects -with many different source files. The default is -@samp{-fno-external-templates}. - -You do not need to use the @samp{-fexternal-templates} option when -compiling a file that does not define and instantiate templates used in -other files, even if those files @emph{are} compiled with -@samp{-fexternal-templates}. The only side effect is an increase in -object size for each file that was compiled without -@samp{-fexternal-templates}. - -When your code is compiled with @samp{-fexternal-templates}, all -template instantiations are external; this requires that the templates -be under the control of @samp{#pragma interface} and @samp{#pragma -implementation}. All instantiations that will be needed should be in -the implementation file; you can do this with a @code{typedef} that -references the instantiation needed. Conversely, when you compile using -the option @samp{-fno-external-templates}, all template instantiations are -explicitly internal. - -@samp{-fexternal-templates} also allows you to finally separate class -template function definitions from their declarations, thus speeding up -compilation times for every file that includes the template declaration. -Now you can have tens or even hundreds of lines in template -declarations, and thousands or tens of thousands of lines in template -definitions, with the definitions only going through the compiler once -instead of once for each source file. It is important to note that you -must remember to externally instantiate @emph{all} templates that are -used from template declarations in interface files. If you forget to do -this, unresolved externals will occur. - -In the example below, the object file generated (@file{example.o}) will -contain the global instantiation for @samp{Stack<int>}. If other types -of @samp{Stack} are needed, they can be added to @file{example.cc} or -placed in a new file, in the same spirit as @file{example.cc}. - -@code{foo.h}: -@smallexample -@group -#pragma interface "foo.h" -template<class T> -class Stack @{ - static int statc; - static T statc2; - Stack() @{ @} - virtual ~Stack() @{ @} - int bar(); -@}; -@end group -@end smallexample - -@code{example.cc}: -@smallexample -@group -#pragma implementation "foo.h" -#include "foo.h" - -typedef Stack<int> t; -int Stack<int>::statc; -int Stack<int>::statc2; -int Stack<int>::bar() @{ @} -@end group -@end smallexample - -Note that using @samp{-fexternal-templates} does not reduce memory usage -from completely different instantiations (@samp{Stack<Name>} vs. -@samp{Stack<Net_Connection>}), but only collapses different occurrences -of @samp{Stack<Name>} so that only one @samp{Stack<Name>} is generated. - -@samp{-falt-external-templates} selects a slight variation in the -semantics described above (incidentally, you need not specify both -options; @samp{-falt-external-templates} implies -@samp{-fexternal-templates}). - -With @samp{-fexternal-templates}, the compiler emits a definition in the -implementation file that includes the header definition, @emph{even if} -instantiation is triggered from a @emph{different} implementation file -(e.g. with a template that uses another template). - -With @samp{-falt-external-templates}, the definition always goes in the -implementation file that triggers instantiation. - -For instance, with these two header files--- - -@example -@exdent @file{a.h}: -#pragma interface -template <class T> class A @{ @dots{} @}; - -@exdent @file{b.h}: -#pragma interface -class B @{ @dots{} @}; -void f (A<B>); -@end example - -Under @samp{-fexternal-templates}, the definition of @samp{A<B>} ends up -in the implementation file that includes @file{a.h}. Under -@samp{-falt-external-templates}, the same definition ends up in the -implementation file that includes @file{b.h}. - -@item -You can control explicitly where a template is instantiated, without -having to @emph{use} the template to get an instantiation. - -To instantiate a class template explicitly, write @samp{template -class @var{name}<paramvals>}, where @var{paramvals} is a list of values -for the template parameters. For example, you might write - -@example -template class A<int> -@end example - -Similarly, to instantiate a function template explicitly, write -@samp{template @var{fnsign}} where @var{fnsign} is the particular -function signature you need. For example, you might write - -@example -template void foo (int, int) -@end example - -This syntax for explicit template instantiation agrees with recent -extensions to the draft @sc{ansi} standard. - -@item -The compiler's actions on @sc{ansi}-related warnings and errors have -been further enhanced. The @samp{-pedantic-errors} option produces -error messages in a number of new situations: using @code{return} in a -non-@code{void} function (one returning a value); declaring a local -variable that shadows a parameter (e.g., the function takes an argument -@samp{a}, and has a local variable @samp{a}); and use of the @samp{asm} -keyword. Finally, the compiler by default now issues a warning when -converting from an @code{int} to an enumerated type. This is likely to -cause many new warnings in code that hadn't triggered them before. For -example, when you compile this code, - -@smallexample -@group -enum boolean @{ false, true @}; -void -f () -@{ - boolean x; - - x = 1; //@i{assigning an @code{int} to an @code{enum} now triggers a warning} -@} -@end group -@end smallexample - -@noindent -you should see the warning ``@code{anachronistic conversion from integer -type to enumeral type `boolean'}''. Instead of assigning the value 1, -assign the original enumerated value @samp{true}. -@end itemize - -@node Enhancements and bug fixes -@section Enhancements and bug fixes - -@itemize @bullet -@cindex nested types in template parameters -@item -You can now use nested types in a template parameter list, even if the nested -type is defined within the same class that attempts to use the template. -For example, given a template @code{list}, the following now works: - -@smallexample -struct glyph @{ - @dots{} - struct stroke @{ @dots{} @}; - list<stroke> l; - @dots{} -@} -@end smallexample - -@cindex function pointers vs template parameters -@item -Function pointers now work in template parameter lists. For -example, you might want to instantiate a parameterized @code{list} class -in terms of a pointer to a function like this: - -@smallexample -list<int (*)(int, void *)> fnlist; -@end smallexample - -@item -@c FIXME! Really no limit? Jason said "deeper than 9" now OK... -Nested types are now handled correctly. In particular, there is no -longer a limit to how deeply you can nest type definitions. - -@item -@sc{gnu} C++ now conforms to the specifications in Chapter 11 of the -@sc{arm}, ``Member Access Control''. - -@item -The @sc{ansi} C++ committee has introduced a new keyword @code{mutable}. -@sc{gnu} C++ supports it. Use @code{mutable} to specify that some -particular members of a @code{const} class are @emph{not} constant. For -example, you can use this to include a cache in a data structure that -otherwise represents a read-only database. - -@item -Error messages now explicitly specify the declaration, type, or -expression that contains an error. - -@item -To avoid copying and editing all system include files during @sc{gnu} -C++ installation, the compiler now automatically recognizes system -include files as C language definitions, as if they were wrapped in -@samp{extern "C" @{ @dots{} @}}. - -@item -The compiler checks operator declarations more strictly. For example, -you may no longer declare an @samp{operator +} with three arguments. - -@item -You can now use template type arguments in the same template -parameter list where the type argument is specified (as well as in the -template body). For example, you may write - -@example -template <class T, T t> class A @{ @dots{} @}; -@end example - -@item -Destructors are now available for all types, even built-in ones; for -example, you can call @samp{int::~int}. (Destructors for types like -@code{int} do not actually do anything, but their existence provides a -level of generality that permits smooth template expansion in more -cases.) - -@item -Enumerated types declared inside a class are now handled correctly. - -@item -An argument list for a function may not use an initializer list for its default -value. For example, @w{@samp{void foo ( T x = @{ 1, 2 @} )}} is not permitted. - -@item -A significant amount of work went into improving the ability of the -compiler to act accurately on multiple inheritance and virtual -functions. Virtual function dispatch has been enhanced as well. - -@item -The warning concerning a virtual inheritance environment with a -non-virtual destructor has been disabled, since it is not clear that -such a warning is warranted. - -@item -Until exception handling is fully implemented in the Reno-2 release, use -of the identifiers @samp{catch}, @samp{throw}, or @samp{try} results -in the warning: - -@smallexample -t.C:1: warning: `catch', `throw', and `try' - are all C++ reserved words -@end smallexample - -@item -When giving a warning or error concerning initialization of a member in a -class, the compiler gives the name of the member if it has one. - -@item -Detecting friendship between classes is more accurately checked. - -@item -The syntaxes of @w{@samp{#pragma implementation "file.h"}} and -@samp{#pragma interface} are now more strictly controlled. The compiler -notices (and warns) when any text follows @file{file.h} in the -implementation pragma, or follows the word @samp{interface}. Any such -text is otherwise ignored. - -@item -Trying to declare a template on a variable or type is now considered an -error, not an unimplemented feature. - -@item -When an error occurs involving a template, the compiler attempts to -tell you at which point of instantiation the error occurred, in -addition to noting the line in the template declaration which had the -actual error. - -@item -The symbol names for function templates in the resulting assembly file -are now encoded according to the arguments, rather than just being -emitted as, for example, two definitions of a function @samp{foo}. - -@item -Template member functions that are declared @code{static} no longer -receive a @code{this} pointer. - -@item -Case labels are no longer allowed to have commas to make up their -expressions. - -@item -Warnings concerning the shift count of a left or right shift now tell -you if it was a @samp{left} or @samp{right} shift. - -@item -The compiler now warns when a decimal constant is so large that it -becomes @code{unsigned}. - -@item -Union initializers which are raw constructors are now handled properly. - -@item -The compiler no longer gives incorrect errors when initializing a -union with an empty initializer list. - -@item -Anonymous unions are now correctly used when nested inside a class. - -@item -Anonymous unions declared as static class members are now handled -properly. - -@item -The compiler now notices when a field in a class is declared both as -a type and a non-type. - -@item -The compiler now warns when a user-defined function shadows a -built-in function, rather than emitting an error. - -@item -A conflict between two function declarations now produces an error -regardless of their language context. - -@item -Duplicate definitions of variables with @samp{extern "C"} linkage are no -longer considered in error. (Note in C++ linkage---the default---you may -not have more than one definition of a variable.) - -@item -Referencing a label that is not defined in any function is now an error. - -@item -The syntax for pointers to methods has been improved; there are still -some minor bugs, but a number of cases should now be accepted by the -compiler. - -@item -In error messages, arguments are now numbered starting at 1, instead of -0. Therefore, in the function @samp{void foo (int a, int b)}, the -argument @samp{a} is argument 1, and @samp{b} is argument 2. There is -no longer an argument 0. - -@item -The tag for an enumerator, rather than its value, used as a default -argument is now shown in all error messages. For example, @w{@samp{void -foo (enum x (= true))}} is shown instead of @w{@samp{void foo (enum x (= -1))}}. - -@item -The @samp{__asm__} keyword is now accepted by the C++ front-end. - -@item -Expressions of the form @samp{foo->~Class()} are now handled properly. - -@item -The compiler now gives better warnings for situations which result in -integer overflows (e.g., in storage sizes, enumerators, unary -expressions, etc). - -@item -@code{unsigned} bitfields are now promoted to @code{signed int} if the -field isn't as wide as an @code{int}. - -@item -Declaration and usage of prefix and postfix @samp{operator ++} and -@samp{operator --} are now handled correctly. For example, - -@smallexample -@group -class foo -@{ -public: - operator ++ (); - operator ++ (int); - operator -- (); - operator -- (int); -@}; - -void -f (foo *f) -@{ - f++; // @i{call @code{f->operator++(int)}} - ++f; // @i{call @code{f->operator++()}} - f--; // @i{call @code{f->operator++(int)}} - --f; // @i{call @code{f->operator++()}} -@} -@end group -@end smallexample - -@item -In accordance with @sc{arm} section 10.1.1, ambiguities and dominance are now -handled properly. The rules described in section 10.1.1 are now fully -implemented. - -@end itemize - -@node Problems with debugging -@section Problems with debugging - -Two problems remain with regard to debugging: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -Debugging of anonymous structures on the IBM RS/6000 host is incorrect. - -@item -Symbol table size is overly large due to redundant symbol information; -this can make @code{gdb} coredump under certain circumstances. This -problem is not host-specific. -@end itemize - -@node Plans -@chapter Plans for Reno-2 - -The overall goal for the second phase of the @sc{gnu} C++ Renovation -Project is to bring @sc{gnu} C++ to a new level of reliability, quality, -and competitiveness. As particular elements of this strategy, we intend -to: - -@enumerate 0 -@item -Fully implement @sc{ansi} exception handling. - -@item -With the exception handling, add Runtime Type Identification -(@sc{rtti}), if the @sc{ansi} committee adopts it into the standard. - -@item -Bring the compiler into closer compliance with the @sc{arm} and the draft -@sc{ansi} standard, and document what points in the @sc{arm} we do not yet comply, -or agree, with. - -@item -Add further support for the @sc{dwarf} debugging format. - -@item -Finish the work to make the compiler compliant with @sc{arm} Section 12.6.2, -initializing base classes in declaration order, rather than in the order -that you specify them in a @var{mem-initializer} list. - -@item -Perform a full coverage analysis on the compiler, and weed out unused -code, for a gain in performance and a reduction in the size of the compiler. - -@item -Further improve the multiple inheritance implementation in the -compiler to make it cleaner and more complete. -@end enumerate - -@noindent -As always, we encourage you to make suggestions and ask questions about -@sc{gnu} C++ as a whole, so we can be sure that the end of this project -will bring a compiler that everyone will find essential for C++ and will -meet the needs of the world's C++ community. - -@include templates.texi - -@include gpcompare.texi - -@contents - -@bye diff --git a/contrib/gcc/cpp.1 b/contrib/gcc/cpp.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 54c4dfb19832..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/cpp.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1 +0,0 @@ -.so man1/cccp.1 diff --git a/contrib/gcc/doc/install-old.texi b/contrib/gcc/doc/install-old.texi deleted file mode 100644 index 9ce98968f91a..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/doc/install-old.texi +++ /dev/null @@ -1,725 +0,0 @@ -@c Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -@c This is part of the GCC manual. -@c For copying conditions, see the file install.texi. - -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Old, GNU Free Documentation License, Specific, Top -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Old installation documentation</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Old installation documentation -@end ifnothtml - -Note most of this information is out of date and superseded by the -previous chapters of this manual. It is provided for historical -reference only, because of a lack of volunteers to merge it into the -main manual. - -@ifnothtml -@menu -* Configurations:: Configurations Supported by GNU CC. -* Cross-Compiler:: Building and installing a cross-compiler. -* VMS Install:: See below for installation on VMS. -@end menu -@end ifnothtml - -Here is the procedure for installing GNU CC on a GNU or Unix system. -See @ref{VMS Install}, for VMS systems. - -@enumerate -@item -If you have chosen a configuration for GNU CC which requires other GNU -tools (such as GAS or the GNU linker) instead of the standard system -tools, install the required tools in the build directory under the names -@file{as}, @file{ld} or whatever is appropriate. This will enable the -compiler to find the proper tools for compilation of the program -@file{enquire}. - -Alternatively, you can do subsequent compilation using a value of the -@code{PATH} environment variable such that the necessary GNU tools come -before the standard system tools. - -@item -Specify the host, build and target machine configurations. You do this -when you run the @file{configure} script. - -The @dfn{build} machine is the system which you are using, the -@dfn{host} machine is the system where you want to run the resulting -compiler (normally the build machine), and the @dfn{target} machine is -the system for which you want the compiler to generate code. - -If you are building a compiler to produce code for the machine it runs -on (a native compiler), you normally do not need to specify any operands -to @file{configure}; it will try to guess the type of machine you are on -and use that as the build, host and target machines. So you don't need -to specify a configuration when building a native compiler unless -@file{configure} cannot figure out what your configuration is or guesses -wrong. - -In those cases, specify the build machine's @dfn{configuration name} -with the @option{--host} option; the host and target will default to be -the same as the host machine. (If you are building a cross-compiler, -see @ref{Cross-Compiler}.) - -Here is an example: - -@smallexample -./configure --host=sparc-sun-sunos4.1 -@end smallexample - -A configuration name may be canonical or it may be more or less -abbreviated. - -A canonical configuration name has three parts, separated by dashes. -It looks like this: @samp{@var{cpu}-@var{company}-@var{system}}. -(The three parts may themselves contain dashes; @file{configure} -can figure out which dashes serve which purpose.) For example, -@samp{m68k-sun-sunos4.1} specifies a Sun 3. - -You can also replace parts of the configuration by nicknames or aliases. -For example, @samp{sun3} stands for @samp{m68k-sun}, so -@samp{sun3-sunos4.1} is another way to specify a Sun 3. - -You can specify a version number after any of the system types, and some -of the CPU types. In most cases, the version is irrelevant, and will be -ignored. So you might as well specify the version if you know it. - -See @ref{Configurations}, for a list of supported configuration names and -notes on many of the configurations. You should check the notes in that -section before proceeding any further with the installation of GNU CC@. - -@end enumerate - -@ifnothtml -@node Configurations, Cross-Compiler, , Old -@section Configurations Supported by GNU CC -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>@anchor{Configurations}Configurations Supported by GNU CC</h2> -@end html -@cindex configurations supported by GNU CC - -Here are the possible CPU types: - -@quotation -@c gmicro, fx80, spur and tahoe omitted since they don't work. -1750a, a29k, alpha, arm, avr, c@var{n}, clipper, dsp16xx, elxsi, fr30, h8300, -hppa1.0, hppa1.1, i370, i386, i486, i586, i686, i786, i860, i960, m32r, -m68000, m68k, m6811, m6812, m88k, mcore, mips, mipsel, mips64, mips64el, -mn10200, mn10300, ns32k, pdp11, powerpc, powerpcle, romp, rs6000, sh, sparc, -sparclite, sparc64, v850, vax, we32k. -@end quotation - -Here are the recognized company names. As you can see, customary -abbreviations are used rather than the longer official names. - -@c What should be done about merlin, tek*, dolphin? -@quotation -acorn, alliant, altos, apollo, apple, att, bull, -cbm, convergent, convex, crds, dec, dg, dolphin, -elxsi, encore, harris, hitachi, hp, ibm, intergraph, isi, -mips, motorola, ncr, next, ns, omron, plexus, -sequent, sgi, sony, sun, tti, unicom, wrs. -@end quotation - -The company name is meaningful only to disambiguate when the rest of -the information supplied is insufficient. You can omit it, writing -just @samp{@var{cpu}-@var{system}}, if it is not needed. For example, -@samp{vax-ultrix4.2} is equivalent to @samp{vax-dec-ultrix4.2}. - -Here is a list of system types: - -@quotation -386bsd, aix, acis, amigaos, aos, aout, aux, bosx, bsd, clix, coff, ctix, cxux, -dgux, dynix, ebmon, ecoff, elf, esix, freebsd, hms, genix, gnu, linux, -linux-gnu, hiux, hpux, iris, irix, isc, luna, lynxos, mach, minix, msdos, mvs, -netbsd, newsos, nindy, ns, osf, osfrose, ptx, riscix, riscos, rtu, sco, sim, -solaris, sunos, sym, sysv, udi, ultrix, unicos, uniplus, unos, vms, vsta, -vxworks, winnt, xenix. -@end quotation - -@noindent -You can omit the system type; then @file{configure} guesses the -operating system from the CPU and company. - -You can add a version number to the system type; this may or may not -make a difference. For example, you can write @samp{bsd4.3} or -@samp{bsd4.4} to distinguish versions of BSD@. In practice, the version -number is most needed for @samp{sysv3} and @samp{sysv4}, which are often -treated differently. - -@samp{linux-gnu} is the canonical name for the GNU/Linux target; however -GNU CC will also accept @samp{linux}. The version of the kernel in use is -not relevant on these systems. A suffix such as @samp{libc1} or @samp{aout} -distinguishes major versions of the C library; all of the suffixed versions -are obsolete. - -If you specify an impossible combination such as @samp{i860-dg-vms}, -then you may get an error message from @file{configure}, or it may -ignore part of the information and do the best it can with the rest. -@file{configure} always prints the canonical name for the alternative -that it used. GNU CC does not support all possible alternatives. - -Often a particular model of machine has a name. Many machine names are -recognized as aliases for CPU/company combinations. Thus, the machine -name @samp{sun3}, mentioned above, is an alias for @samp{m68k-sun}. -Sometimes we accept a company name as a machine name, when the name is -popularly used for a particular machine. Here is a table of the known -machine names: - -@quotation -3300, 3b1, 3b@var{n}, 7300, altos3068, altos, -apollo68, att-7300, balance, -convex-c@var{n}, crds, decstation-3100, -decstation, delta, encore, -fx2800, gmicro, hp7@var{nn}, hp8@var{nn}, -hp9k2@var{nn}, hp9k3@var{nn}, hp9k7@var{nn}, -hp9k8@var{nn}, iris4d, iris, isi68, -m3230, magnum, merlin, miniframe, -mmax, news-3600, news800, news, next, -pbd, pc532, pmax, powerpc, powerpcle, ps2, risc-news, -rtpc, sun2, sun386i, sun386, sun3, -sun4, symmetry, tower-32, tower. -@end quotation - -@noindent -Remember that a machine name specifies both the cpu type and the company -name. -If you want to install your own homemade configuration files, you can -use @samp{local} as the company name to access them. If you use -configuration @samp{@var{cpu}-local}, the configuration name -without the cpu prefix -is used to form the configuration file names. - -Thus, if you specify @samp{m68k-local}, configuration uses -files @file{m68k.md}, @file{local.h}, @file{m68k.c}, -@file{xm-local.h}, @file{t-local}, and @file{x-local}, all in the -directory @file{config/m68k}. - -Here is a list of configurations that have special treatment or special -things you must know: - -@table @samp -@item vax-dec-vms -See @ref{VMS Install}, for details on how to install GNU CC on VMS@. -@end table - -@ifnothtml -@node Cross-Compiler, VMS Install, Configurations, Old -@section Building and Installing a Cross-Compiler -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>@anchor{Cross-Compiler}Building and Installing a Cross-Compiler</h2> -@end html -@cindex cross-compiler, installation - -GNU CC can function as a cross-compiler for many machines, but not all. - -@itemize @bullet -@item -Cross-compilers for the Mips as target using the Mips assembler -currently do not work, because the auxiliary programs -@file{mips-tdump.c} and @file{mips-tfile.c} can't be compiled on -anything but a Mips. It does work to cross compile for a Mips -if you use the GNU assembler and linker. - -@item -Cross-compilers between machines with different floating point formats -have not all been made to work. GNU CC now has a floating point -emulator with which these can work, but each target machine description -needs to be updated to take advantage of it. - -@item -Cross-compilation between machines of different word sizes is -somewhat problematic and sometimes does not work. -@end itemize - -Since GNU CC generates assembler code, you probably need a -cross-assembler that GNU CC can run, in order to produce object files. -If you want to link on other than the target machine, you need a -cross-linker as well. You also need header files and libraries suitable -for the target machine that you can install on the host machine. - -@ifnothtml -@menu -* Steps of Cross:: Using a cross-compiler involves several steps - that may be carried out on different machines. -* Configure Cross:: Configuring a cross-compiler. -* Tools and Libraries:: Where to put the linker and assembler, and the C library. -* Cross Headers:: Finding and installing header files - for a cross-compiler. -* Build Cross:: Actually compiling the cross-compiler. -@end menu -@end ifnothtml - -@ifnothtml -@node Steps of Cross, Configure Cross, , Cross-Compiler -@subsection Steps of Cross-Compilation -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>Steps of Cross-Compilation</h2> -@end html - -To compile and run a program using a cross-compiler involves several -steps: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -Run the cross-compiler on the host machine to produce assembler files -for the target machine. This requires header files for the target -machine. - -@item -Assemble the files produced by the cross-compiler. You can do this -either with an assembler on the target machine, or with a -cross-assembler on the host machine. - -@item -Link those files to make an executable. You can do this either with a -linker on the target machine, or with a cross-linker on the host -machine. Whichever machine you use, you need libraries and certain -startup files (typically @file{crt@dots{}.o}) for the target machine. -@end itemize - -It is most convenient to do all of these steps on the same host machine, -since then you can do it all with a single invocation of GNU CC@. This -requires a suitable cross-assembler and cross-linker. For some targets, -the GNU assembler and linker are available. - -@ifnothtml -@node Configure Cross, Tools and Libraries, Steps of Cross, Cross-Compiler -@subsection Configuring a Cross-Compiler -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>Configuring a Cross-Compiler</h2> -@end html - -To build GNU CC as a cross-compiler, you start out by running -@file{configure}. Use the @option{--target=@var{target}} to specify the -target type. If @file{configure} was unable to correctly identify the -system you are running on, also specify the @option{--build=@var{build}} -option. For example, here is how to configure for a cross-compiler that -produces code for an HP 68030 system running BSD on a system that -@file{configure} can correctly identify: - -@smallexample -./configure --target=m68k-hp-bsd4.3 -@end smallexample - -@ifnothtml -@node Tools and Libraries, Cross Headers, Configure Cross, Cross-Compiler -@subsection Tools and Libraries for a Cross-Compiler -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>Tools and Libraries for a Cross-Compiler</h2> -@end html - -If you have a cross-assembler and cross-linker available, you should -install them now. Put them in the directory -@file{/usr/local/@var{target}/bin}. Here is a table of the tools -you should put in this directory: - -@table @file -@item as -This should be the cross-assembler. - -@item ld -This should be the cross-linker. - -@item ar -This should be the cross-archiver: a program which can manipulate -archive files (linker libraries) in the target machine's format. - -@item ranlib -This should be a program to construct a symbol table in an archive file. -@end table - -The installation of GNU CC will find these programs in that directory, -and copy or link them to the proper place to for the cross-compiler to -find them when run later. - -The easiest way to provide these files is to build the Binutils package -and GAS@. Configure them with the same @option{--host} and @option{--target} -options that you use for configuring GNU CC, then build and install -them. They install their executables automatically into the proper -directory. Alas, they do not support all the targets that GNU CC -supports. - -If you want to install libraries to use with the cross-compiler, such as -a standard C library, put them in the directory -@file{/usr/local/@var{target}/lib}; installation of GNU CC copies -all the files in that subdirectory into the proper place for GNU CC to -find them and link with them. Here's an example of copying some -libraries from a target machine: - -@example -ftp @var{target-machine} -lcd /usr/local/@var{target}/lib -cd /lib -get libc.a -cd /usr/lib -get libg.a -get libm.a -quit -@end example - -@noindent -The precise set of libraries you'll need, and their locations on -the target machine, vary depending on its operating system. - -@cindex start files -Many targets require ``start files'' such as @file{crt0.o} and -@file{crtn.o} which are linked into each executable; these too should be -placed in @file{/usr/local/@var{target}/lib}. There may be several -alternatives for @file{crt0.o}, for use with profiling or other -compilation options. Check your target's definition of -@code{STARTFILE_SPEC} to find out what start files it uses. -Here's an example of copying these files from a target machine: - -@example -ftp @var{target-machine} -lcd /usr/local/@var{target}/lib -prompt -cd /lib -mget *crt*.o -cd /usr/lib -mget *crt*.o -quit -@end example - -@ifnothtml -@node Cross Headers, Build Cross, Tools and Libraries, Cross-Compiler -@subsection Cross-Compilers and Header Files -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>Cross-Compilers and Header Files</h2> -@end html - -If you are cross-compiling a standalone program or a program for an -embedded system, then you may not need any header files except the few -that are part of GNU CC (and those of your program). However, if you -intend to link your program with a standard C library such as -@file{libc.a}, then you probably need to compile with the header files -that go with the library you use. - -The GNU C compiler does not come with these files, because (1) they are -system-specific, and (2) they belong in a C library, not in a compiler. - -If the GNU C library supports your target machine, then you can get the -header files from there (assuming you actually use the GNU library when -you link your program). - -If your target machine comes with a C compiler, it probably comes with -suitable header files also. If you make these files accessible from the host -machine, the cross-compiler can use them also. - -Otherwise, you're on your own in finding header files to use when -cross-compiling. - -When you have found suitable header files, you should put them in the -directory @file{/usr/local/@var{target}/include}, before building the -cross compiler. Then installation will run fixincludes properly and -install the corrected versions of the header files where the compiler -will use them. - -Provide the header files before you build the cross-compiler, because -the build stage actually runs the cross-compiler to produce parts of -@file{libgcc.a}. (These are the parts that @emph{can} be compiled with -GNU CC@.) Some of them need suitable header files. - -Here's an example showing how to copy the header files from a target -machine. On the target machine, do this: - -@example -(cd /usr/include; tar cf - .) > tarfile -@end example - -Then, on the host machine, do this: - -@example -ftp @var{target-machine} -lcd /usr/local/@var{target}/include -get tarfile -quit -tar xf tarfile -@end example - -@ifnothtml -@node Build Cross, , Cross Headers, Cross-Compiler -@subsection Actually Building the Cross-Compiler -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>Actually Building the Cross-Compiler</h2> -@end html - -Now you can proceed just as for compiling a single-machine compiler -through the step of building stage 1. - -If your target is exotic, you may need to provide the header file -@file{float.h}.One way to do this is to compile @file{enquire} and run -it on your target machine. The job of @file{enquire} is to run on the -target machine and figure out by experiment the nature of its floating -point representation. @file{enquire} records its findings in the header -file @file{float.h}. If you can't produce this file by running -@file{enquire} on the target machine, then you will need to come up with -a suitable @file{float.h} in some other way (or else, avoid using it in -your programs). - -Do not try to build stage 2 for a cross-compiler. It doesn't work to -rebuild GNU CC as a cross-compiler using the cross-compiler, because -that would produce a program that runs on the target machine, not on the -host. For example, if you compile a 386-to-68030 cross-compiler with -itself, the result will not be right either for the 386 (because it was -compiled into 68030 code) or for the 68030 (because it was configured -for a 386 as the host). If you want to compile GNU CC into 68030 code, -whether you compile it on a 68030 or with a cross-compiler on a 386, you -must specify a 68030 as the host when you configure it. - -To install the cross-compiler, use @samp{make install}, as usual. - -@ifnothtml -@node VMS Install, , Cross-Compiler, Old -@section Installing GNU CC on VMS -@end ifnothtml -@html -<h2>@anchor{VMS Install}Installing GNU CC on VMS</h2> -@end html -@cindex VMS installation -@cindex installing GNU CC on VMS - -The VMS version of GNU CC is distributed in a backup saveset containing -both source code and precompiled binaries. - -To install the @file{gcc} command so you can use the compiler easily, in -the same manner as you use the VMS C compiler, you must install the VMS CLD -file for GNU CC as follows: - -@enumerate -@item -Define the VMS logical names @samp{GNU_CC} and @samp{GNU_CC_INCLUDE} -to point to the directories where the GNU CC executables -(@file{gcc-cpp.exe}, @file{gcc-cc1.exe}, etc.) and the C include files are -kept respectively. This should be done with the commands: - -@smallexample -$ assign /system /translation=concealed - - disk:[gcc.] gnu_cc -$ assign /system /translation=concealed - - disk:[gcc.include.] gnu_cc_include -@end smallexample - -@noindent -with the appropriate disk and directory names. These commands can be -placed in your system startup file so they will be executed whenever -the machine is rebooted. You may, if you choose, do this via the -@file{GCC_INSTALL.COM} script in the @file{[GCC]} directory. - -@item -Install the @file{GCC} command with the command line: - -@smallexample -$ set command /table=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables - - /output=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables gnu_cc:[000000]gcc -$ install replace sys$common:[syslib]dcltables -@end smallexample - -@item -To install the help file, do the following: - -@smallexample -$ library/help sys$library:helplib.hlb gcc.hlp -@end smallexample - -@noindent -Now you can invoke the compiler with a command like @samp{gcc /verbose -file.c}, which is equivalent to the command @samp{gcc -v -c file.c} in -Unix. -@end enumerate - -If you wish to use GNU C++ you must first install GNU CC, and then -perform the following steps: - -@enumerate -@item -Define the VMS logical name @samp{GNU_GXX_INCLUDE} to point to the -directory where the preprocessor will search for the C++ header files. -This can be done with the command: - -@smallexample -$ assign /system /translation=concealed - - disk:[gcc.gxx_include.] gnu_gxx_include -@end smallexample - -@noindent -with the appropriate disk and directory name. If you are going to be -using a C++ runtime library, this is where its install procedure will install -its header files. - -@item -Obtain the file @file{gcc-cc1plus.exe}, and place this in the same -directory that @file{gcc-cc1.exe} is kept. - -The GNU C++ compiler can be invoked with a command like @samp{gcc /plus -/verbose file.cc}, which is equivalent to the command @samp{g++ -v -c -file.cc} in Unix. -@end enumerate - -We try to put corresponding binaries and sources on the VMS distribution -tape. But sometimes the binaries will be from an older version than the -sources, because we don't always have time to update them. (Use the -@samp{/version} option to determine the version number of the binaries and -compare it with the source file @file{version.c} to tell whether this is -so.) In this case, you should use the binaries you get to recompile the -sources. If you must recompile, here is how: - -@enumerate -@item -Execute the command procedure @file{vmsconfig.com} to set up the files -@file{tm.h}, @file{config.h}, @file{aux-output.c}, and @file{md.}, and -to create files @file{tconfig.h} and @file{hconfig.h}. This procedure -also creates several linker option files used by @file{make-cc1.com} and -a data file used by @file{make-l2.com}. - -@smallexample -$ @@vmsconfig.com -@end smallexample - -@item -Setup the logical names and command tables as defined above. In -addition, define the VMS logical name @samp{GNU_BISON} to point at the -to the directories where the Bison executable is kept. This should be -done with the command: - -@smallexample -$ assign /system /translation=concealed - - disk:[bison.] gnu_bison -@end smallexample - -You may, if you choose, use the @file{INSTALL_BISON.COM} script in the -@file{[BISON]} directory. - -@item -Install the @samp{BISON} command with the command line: - -@smallexample -$ set command /table=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables - - /output=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables - - gnu_bison:[000000]bison -$ install replace sys$common:[syslib]dcltables -@end smallexample - -@item -Type @samp{@@make-gcc} to recompile everything, or submit the file -@file{make-gcc.com} to a batch queue. If you wish to build the GNU C++ -compiler as well as the GNU CC compiler, you must first edit -@file{make-gcc.com} and follow the instructions that appear in the -comments. - -@item -In order to use GCC, you need a library of functions which GCC compiled code -will call to perform certain tasks, and these functions are defined in the -file @file{libgcc2.c}. To compile this you should use the command procedure -@file{make-l2.com}, which will generate the library @file{libgcc2.olb}. -@file{libgcc2.olb} should be built using the compiler built from -the same distribution that @file{libgcc2.c} came from, and -@file{make-gcc.com} will automatically do all of this for you. - -To install the library, use the following commands: - -@smallexample -$ library gnu_cc:[000000]gcclib/delete=(new,eprintf) -$ library gnu_cc:[000000]gcclib/delete=L_* -$ library libgcc2/extract=*/output=libgcc2.obj -$ library gnu_cc:[000000]gcclib libgcc2.obj -@end smallexample - -The first command simply removes old modules that will be replaced with -modules from @file{libgcc2} under different module names. The modules -@code{new} and @code{eprintf} may not actually be present in your -@file{gcclib.olb}---if the VMS librarian complains about those modules -not being present, simply ignore the message and continue on with the -next command. The second command removes the modules that came from the -previous version of the library @file{libgcc2.c}. - -Whenever you update the compiler on your system, you should also update the -library with the above procedure. - -@item -You may wish to build GCC in such a way that no files are written to the -directory where the source files reside. An example would be the when -the source files are on a read-only disk. In these cases, execute the -following DCL commands (substituting your actual path names): - -@smallexample -$ assign dua0:[gcc.build_dir.]/translation=concealed, - - dua1:[gcc.source_dir.]/translation=concealed gcc_build -$ set default gcc_build:[000000] -@end smallexample - -@noindent -where the directory @file{dua1:[gcc.source_dir]} contains the source -code, and the directory @file{dua0:[gcc.build_dir]} is meant to contain -all of the generated object files and executables. Once you have done -this, you can proceed building GCC as described above. (Keep in mind -that @file{gcc_build} is a rooted logical name, and thus the device -names in each element of the search list must be an actual physical -device name rather than another rooted logical name). - -@item -@strong{If you are building GNU CC with a previous version of GNU CC, -you also should check to see that you have the newest version of the -assembler}. In particular, GNU CC version 2 treats global constant -variables slightly differently from GNU CC version 1, and GAS version -1.38.1 does not have the patches required to work with GCC version 2. -If you use GAS 1.38.1, then @code{extern const} variables will not have -the read-only bit set, and the linker will generate warning messages -about mismatched psect attributes for these variables. These warning -messages are merely a nuisance, and can safely be ignored. - -@item -If you want to build GNU CC with the VAX C compiler, you will need to -make minor changes in @file{make-cccp.com} and @file{make-cc1.com} -to choose alternate definitions of @code{CC}, @code{CFLAGS}, and -@code{LIBS}. See comments in those files. However, you must -also have a working version of the GNU assembler (GNU as, aka GAS) as -it is used as the back end for GNU CC to produce binary object modules -and is not included in the GNU CC sources. GAS is also needed to -compile @file{libgcc2} in order to build @file{gcclib} (see above); -@file{make-l2.com} expects to be able to find it operational in -@file{gnu_cc:[000000]gnu-as.exe}. - -To use GNU CC on VMS, you need the VMS driver programs -@file{gcc.exe}, @file{gcc.com}, and @file{gcc.cld}. They are -distributed with the VMS binaries (@file{gcc-vms}) rather than the -GNU CC sources. GAS is also included in @file{gcc-vms}, as is Bison. - -Once you have successfully built GNU CC with VAX C, you should use the -resulting compiler to rebuild itself. Before doing this, be sure to -restore the @code{CC}, @code{CFLAGS}, and @code{LIBS} definitions in -@file{make-cccp.com} and @file{make-cc1.com}. The second generation -compiler will be able to take advantage of many optimizations that must -be suppressed when building with other compilers. -@end enumerate - -Under previous versions of GNU CC, the generated code would occasionally -give strange results when linked with the sharable @file{VAXCRTL} library. -Now this should work. - -Even with this version, however, GNU CC itself should not be linked with -the sharable @file{VAXCRTL}. The version of @code{qsort} in -@file{VAXCRTL} has a bug (known to be present in VMS versions V4.6 -through V5.5) which causes the compiler to fail. - -The executables are generated by @file{make-cc1.com} and -@file{make-cccp.com} use the object library version of @file{VAXCRTL} in -order to make use of the @code{qsort} routine in @file{gcclib.olb}. If -you wish to link the compiler executables with the shareable image -version of @file{VAXCRTL}, you should edit the file @file{tm.h} (created -by @file{vmsconfig.com}) to define the macro @code{QSORT_WORKAROUND}. - -@code{QSORT_WORKAROUND} is always defined when GNU CC is compiled with -VAX C, to avoid a problem in case @file{gcclib.olb} is not yet -available. diff --git a/contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi b/contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi deleted file mode 100644 index e9f8bee895a0..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3902 +0,0 @@ -\input texinfo.tex @c -*-texinfo-*- -@c @ifnothtml -@c %**start of header -@setfilename install.info -@settitle Installing GCC -@setchapternewpage odd -@c %**end of header -@c @end ifnothtml - -@c Specify title for specific html page -@ifset indexhtml -@settitle Installing GCC -@end ifset -@ifset specifichtml -@settitle Host/Target specific installation notes for GCC -@end ifset -@ifset downloadhtml -@settitle Downloading GCC -@end ifset -@ifset configurehtml -@settitle Installing GCC: Configuration -@end ifset -@ifset buildhtml -@settitle Installing GCC: Building -@end ifset -@ifset testhtml -@settitle Installing GCC: Testing -@end ifset -@ifset finalinstallhtml -@settitle Installing GCC: Final installation -@end ifset -@ifset binarieshtml -@settitle Installing GCC: Binaries -@end ifset -@ifset oldhtml -@settitle Installing GCC: Old documentation -@end ifset -@ifset gfdlhtml -@settitle Installing GCC: GNU Free Documentation License -@end ifset - -@c Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, -@c 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -@c *** Converted to texinfo by Dean Wakerley, dean@wakerley.com - -@c Include everything if we're not making html -@ifnothtml -@set indexhtml -@set specifichtml -@set downloadhtml -@set configurehtml -@set buildhtml -@set testhtml -@set finalinstallhtml -@set binarieshtml -@set oldhtml -@set gfdlhtml -@end ifnothtml - -@c Part 2 Summary Description and Copyright -@macro copyrightnotice -Copyright @copyright{} 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, -1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -@sp 1 -Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or -any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no -Invariant Sections, the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and -with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the -license is included in the section entitled ``@uref{./gfdl.html,,GNU -Free Documentation License}''. - -(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: - - A GNU Manual - -(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: - - You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU - software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise - funds for GNU development. -@end macro -@ifinfo -@copyrightnotice{} -@end ifinfo - -@c Part 3 Titlepage and Copyright -@titlepage -@sp 10 -@comment The title is printed in a large font. -@center @titlefont{Installing GCC} - -@c The following two commands start the copyright page. -@page -@vskip 0pt plus 1filll -@copyrightnotice{} -@end titlepage - -@c Part 4 Top node and Master Menu -@ifinfo -@node Top, , , (dir) -@comment node-name, next, Previous, up - -@menu -* Installing GCC:: This document describes the generic installation - procedure for GCC as well as detailing some target - specific installation instructions. - -* Specific:: Host/target specific installation notes for GCC. -* Binaries:: Where to get pre-compiled binaries. - -* Old:: Old installation documentation. - -* GNU Free Documentation License:: How you can copy and share this manual. -* Concept Index:: This index has two entries. -@end menu -@end ifinfo - -@c Part 5 The Body of the Document -@c ***Installing GCC********************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Installing GCC, Binaries, , Top -@end ifnothtml -@ifset indexhtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Installing GCC</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Installing GCC -@end ifnothtml - -The latest version of this document is always available at -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/install/,,http://gcc.gnu.org/install/}. - -This document describes the generic installation procedure for GCC as well -as detailing some target specific installation instructions. - -GCC includes several components that previously were separate distributions -with their own installation instructions. This document supersedes all -package specific installation instructions. - -@emph{Before} starting the build/install procedure please check the -@ifnothtml -@ref{Specific, host/target specific installation notes}. -@end ifnothtml -@ifhtml -@uref{specific.html,,host/target specific installation notes}. -@end ifhtml -We recommend you browse the entire generic installation instructions before -you proceed. - -Lists of successful builds for released versions of GCC are -available at our web pages for -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-3.1/buildstat.html,,3.1}, -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-3.0/buildstat.html,,3.0} -and -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-2.95/buildstat.html,,2.95}. -These lists are updated as new information becomes available. - -The installation procedure itself is broken into five steps. - -@ifinfo -@menu -* Downloading the source:: -* Configuration:: -* Building:: -* Testing:: (optional) -* Final install:: -@end menu -@end ifinfo -@ifhtml -@enumerate -@item -@uref{download.html,,Downloading the source} -@item -@uref{configure.html,,Configuration} -@item -@uref{build.html,,Building} -@item -@uref{test.html,,Testing} (optional) -@item -@uref{finalinstall.html,,Final install} -@end enumerate -@end ifhtml - -Please note that GCC does not support @samp{make uninstall} and probably -won't do so in the near future as this would open a can of worms. Instead, -we suggest that you install GCC into a directory of its own and simply -remove that directory when you do not need that specific version of GCC -any longer, and, if shared libraries are installed there as well, no -more binaries exist that use them. - -@ifhtml -There are also some @uref{old.html,,old installation instructions}, -which are mostly obsolete but still contain some information which has -not yet been merged into the main part of this manual. -@end ifhtml - -@html -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} - -@copyrightnotice{} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Downloading the source************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Downloading the source, Configuration, , Installing GCC -@end ifnothtml -@ifset downloadhtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Downloading GCC</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Downloading GCC -@end ifnothtml -@cindex Downloading GCC -@cindex Downloading the Source - -GCC is distributed via @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/cvs.html,,CVS} and FTP -tarballs compressed with @command{gzip} or -@command{bzip2}. It is possible to download a full distribution or specific -components. - -Please refer to our @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/releases.html,,releases web page} -for information on how to obtain GCC@. - -The full distribution includes the C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, Java, -and Ada (in case of GCC 3.1 and later) compilers. The full distribution -also includes runtime libraries for C++, Objective-C, Fortran, and Java. -In GCC 3.0 and later versions, GNU compiler testsuites are also included -in the full distribution. - -If you choose to download specific components, you must download the core -GCC distribution plus any language specific distributions you wish to -use. The core distribution includes the C language front end as well as the -shared components. Each language has a tarball which includes the language -front end as well as the language runtime (when appropriate). - -Unpack the core distribution as well as any language specific -distributions in the same directory. - -If you also intend to build binutils (either to upgrade an existing -installation or for use in place of the corresponding tools of your -OS), unpack the binutils distribution either in the same directory or -a separate one. In the latter case, add symbolic links to any -components of the binutils you intend to build alongside the compiler -(@file{bfd}, @file{binutils}, @file{gas}, @file{gprof}, @file{ld}, -@file{opcodes}, @dots{}) to the directory containing the GCC sources. - -@html -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Configuration*********************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Configuration, Building, Downloading the source, Installing GCC -@end ifnothtml -@ifset configurehtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Installing GCC: Configuration</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Installing GCC: Configuration -@end ifnothtml -@cindex Configuration -@cindex Installing GCC: Configuration - -Like most GNU software, GCC must be configured before it can be built. -This document describes the recommended configuration procedure -for both native and cross targets. - -We use @var{srcdir} to refer to the toplevel source directory for -GCC; we use @var{objdir} to refer to the toplevel build/object directory. - -If you obtained the sources via CVS, @var{srcdir} must refer to the top -@file{gcc} directory, the one where the @file{MAINTAINERS} can be found, -and not its @file{gcc} subdirectory, otherwise the build will fail. - -First, we @strong{highly} recommend that GCC be built into a -separate directory than the sources which does @strong{not} reside -within the source tree. This is how we generally build GCC; building -where @var{srcdir} == @var{objdir} should still work, but doesn't -get extensive testing; building where @var{objdir} is a subdirectory -of @var{srcdir} is unsupported. - -If you have previously built GCC in the same directory for a -different target machine, do @samp{make distclean} to delete all files -that might be invalid. One of the files this deletes is -@file{Makefile}; if @samp{make distclean} complains that @file{Makefile} -does not exist, it probably means that the directory is already suitably -clean. However, with the recommended method of building in a separate -@var{objdir}, you should simply use a different @var{objdir} for each -target. - -Second, when configuring a native system, either @command{cc} or -@command{gcc} must be in your path or you must set @env{CC} in -your environment before running configure. Otherwise the configuration -scripts may fail. - -Note that the bootstrap compiler and the resulting GCC must be link -compatible, else the bootstrap will fail with linker errors about -incompatible object file formats. Several multilibed targets are -affected by this requirement, see -@ifnothtml -@ref{Specific, host/target specific installation notes}. -@end ifnothtml -@ifhtml -@uref{specific.html,,host/target specific installation notes}. -@end ifhtml - -To configure GCC: - -@example - % mkdir @var{objdir} - % cd @var{objdir} - % @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}] -@end example - - -@heading Target specification -@itemize @bullet -@item -GCC has code to correctly determine the correct value for @var{target} -for nearly all native systems. Therefore, we highly recommend you not -provide a configure target when configuring a native compiler. - -@item -@var{target} must be specified as @option{--target=@var{target}} -when configuring a cross compiler; examples of valid targets would be -i960-rtems, m68k-coff, sh-elf, etc. - -@item -Specifying just @var{target} instead of @option{--target=@var{target}} -implies that the host defaults to @var{target}. -@end itemize - - -@heading Options specification - -Use @var{options} to override several configure time options for -GCC@. A list of supported @var{options} follows; @command{configure ---help} may list other options, but those not listed below may not -work and should not normally be used. - -@table @code -@item --prefix=@var{dirname} -Specify the toplevel installation -directory. This is the recommended way to install the tools into a directory -other than the default. The toplevel installation directory defaults to -@file{/usr/local}. - -We @strong{highly} recommend against @var{dirname} being the same or a -subdirectory of @var{objdir} or vice versa. - -These additional options control where certain parts of the distribution -are installed. Normally you should not need to use these options. -@table @code - -@item --exec-prefix=@var{dirname} -Specify the toplevel installation directory for architecture-dependent -files. The default is @file{@var{prefix}}. - -@item --bindir=@var{dirname} -Specify the installation directory for the executables called by users -(such as @command{gcc} and @command{g++}). The default is -@file{@var{exec-prefix}/bin}. - -@item --libdir=@var{dirname} -Specify the installation directory for object code libraries and -internal parts of GCC@. The default is @file{@var{exec-prefix}/lib}. - -@item --with-slibdir=@var{dirname} -Specify the installation directory for the shared libgcc library. The -default is @file{@var{libdir}}. - -@item --infodir=@var{dirname} -Specify the installation directory for documentation in info format. -The default is @file{@var{prefix}/info}. - -@item --mandir=@var{dirname} -Specify the installation directory for manual pages. The default is -@file{@var{prefix}/man}. (Note that the manual pages are only extracts from -the full GCC manuals, which are provided in Texinfo format. The -@command{g77} manpage is unmaintained and may be out of date; the others -are derived by an automatic conversion process from parts of the full -manual.) - -@item --with-gxx-include-dir=@var{dirname} -Specify -the installation directory for G++ header files. The default is -@file{@var{prefix}/include/g++-v3}. - -@end table - -@item --program-prefix=@var{prefix} -GCC supports some transformations of the names of its programs when -installing them. This option prepends @var{prefix} to the names of -programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). For example, specifying -@option{--program-prefix=foo-} would result in @samp{gcc} -being installed as @file{/usr/local/bin/foo-gcc}. - -@item --program-suffix=@var{suffix} -Appends @var{suffix} to the names of programs to install in @var{bindir} -(see above). For example, specifying @option{--program-suffix=-3.1} -would result in @samp{gcc} being installed as -@file{/usr/local/bin/gcc-3.1}. - -@item --program-transform-name=@var{pattern} -Applies the @samp{sed} script @var{pattern} to be applied to the names -of programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). @var{pattern} has to -consist of one or more basic @samp{sed} editing commands, separated by -semicolons. For example, if you want the @samp{gcc} program name to be -transformed to the installed program @file{/usr/local/bin/myowngcc} and -the @samp{g++} program name to be transformed to -@file{/usr/local/bin/gspecial++} without changing other program names, -you could use the pattern -@option{--program-transform-name='s/^gcc$/myowngcc/; s/^g++$/gspecial++/'} -to achieve this effect. - -All three options can be combined and used together, resulting in more -complex conversion patterns. As a basic rule, @var{prefix} (and -@var{suffix}) are prepended (appended) before further transformations -can happen with a special transformation script @var{pattern}. - -As currently implemented, this options only take effect for native -builds; cross compiler binaries' names are not transformed even when a -transformation is explicitly asked for by one of this options. - -For native builds, some of the installed programs are also installed -with the target alias in front of their name, as in -@samp{i686-pc-linux-gnu-gcc}. All of the above transformations happen -before the target alias is prepended to the name - so, specifying -@option{--program-prefix=foo-} and @option{program-suffix=-3.1}, the -resulting binary would be installed as -@file{/usr/local/bin/i686-pc-linux-gnu-foo-gcc-3.1}. - -As a last shortcoming, none of the installed Ada programs are -transformed yet, which will be fixed in some time. - -@item --with-local-prefix=@var{dirname} -Specify the -installation directory for local include files. The default is -@file{/usr/local}. Specify this option if you want the compiler to -search directory @file{@var{dirname}/include} for locally installed -header files @emph{instead} of @file{/usr/local/include}. - -You should specify @option{--with-local-prefix} @strong{only} if your -site has a different convention (not @file{/usr/local}) for where to put -site-specific files. - -The default value for @option{--with-local-prefix} is @file{/usr/local} -regardless of the value of @option{--prefix}. Specifying -@option{--prefix} has no effect on which directory GCC searches for -local header files. This may seem counterintuitive, but actually it is -logical. - -The purpose of @option{--prefix} is to specify where to @emph{install -GCC}. The local header files in @file{/usr/local/include}---if you put -any in that directory---are not part of GCC@. They are part of other -programs---perhaps many others. (GCC installs its own header files in -another directory which is based on the @option{--prefix} value.) - -@strong{Do not} specify @file{/usr} as the @option{--with-local-prefix}! -The directory you use for @option{--with-local-prefix} @strong{must not} -contain any of the system's standard header files. If it did contain -them, certain programs would be miscompiled (including GNU Emacs, on -certain targets), because this would override and nullify the header -file corrections made by the @code{fixincludes} script. - -Indications are that people who use this option use it based on mistaken -ideas of what it is for. People use it as if it specified where to -install part of GCC@. Perhaps they make this assumption because -installing GCC creates the directory. - -@item --enable-shared[=@var{package}[,@dots{}]] -Build shared versions of libraries, if shared libraries are supported on -the target platform. Unlike GCC 2.95.x and earlier, shared libraries -are enabled by default on all platforms that support shared libraries, -except for @samp{libobjc} which is built as a static library only by -default. - -If a list of packages is given as an argument, build shared libraries -only for the listed packages. For other packages, only static libraries -will be built. Package names currently recognized in the GCC tree are -@samp{libgcc} (also known as @samp{gcc}), @samp{libstdc++} (not -@samp{libstdc++-v3}), @samp{libffi}, @samp{zlib}, @samp{boehm-gc} and -@samp{libjava}. Note that @samp{libobjc} does not recognize itself by -any name, so, if you list package names in @option{--enable-shared}, -you will only get static Objective-C libraries. @samp{libf2c} and -@samp{libiberty} do not support shared libraries at all. - -Use @option{--disable-shared} to build only static libraries. Note that -@option{--disable-shared} does not accept a list of package names as -argument, only @option{--enable-shared} does. - -@item @anchor{with-gnu-as}--with-gnu-as -Specify that the compiler should assume that the -assembler it finds is the GNU assembler. However, this does not modify -the rules to find an assembler and will result in confusion if found -assembler is not actually the GNU assembler. (Confusion will also -result if the compiler finds the GNU assembler but has not been -configured with @option{--with-gnu-as}.) If you have more than one -assembler installed on your system, you may want to use this option in -connection with @option{--with-as=@var{pathname}}. - -The systems where it makes a difference whether you use the GNU assembler are -@samp{hppa1.0-@var{any}-@var{any}}, @samp{hppa1.1-@var{any}-@var{any}}, -@samp{i386-@var{any}-sysv}, @samp{i386-@var{any}-isc}, -@samp{i860-@var{any}-bsd}, @samp{m68k-bull-sysv}, -@samp{m68k-hp-hpux}, @samp{m68k-sony-bsd}, -@samp{m68k-altos-sysv}, @samp{m68000-hp-hpux}, -@samp{m68000-att-sysv}, @samp{@var{any}-lynx-lynxos}, -and @samp{mips-@var{any}}. -On any other system, @option{--with-gnu-as} has no effect. - -On the systems listed above (except for the HP-PA, for ISC on the -386, and for @samp{mips-sgi-irix5.*}), if you use the GNU assembler, -you should also use the GNU linker (and specify @option{--with-gnu-ld}). - -@item --with-as=@var{pathname} -Specify that the -compiler should use the assembler pointed to by @var{pathname}, rather -than the one found by the standard rules to find an assembler, which -are: -@itemize @bullet -@item -Check the -@file{@var{exec_prefix}/lib/gcc-lib/@var{target}/@var{version}} -directory, where @var{exec_prefix} defaults to @var{prefix} which -defaults to @file{/usr/local} unless overridden by the -@option{--prefix=@var{pathname}} switch described above. @var{target} is the -target system triple, such as @samp{sparc-sun-solaris2.7}, and -@var{version} denotes the GCC version, such as 3.0. -@item -Check operating system specific directories (e.g.@: @file{/usr/ccs/bin} on -Sun Solaris 2). -@end itemize -Note that these rules do not check for the value of @env{PATH}. You may -want to use @option{--with-as} if no assembler is installed in the -directories listed above, or if you have multiple assemblers installed -and want to choose one that is not found by the above rules. - -@item @anchor{with-gnu-ld}--with-gnu-ld -Same as @uref{#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}} -but for linker. - - -@item --with-ld=@var{pathname} -Same as -@option{--with-as}, but for the linker. - -@item --with-stabs -Specify that stabs debugging -information should be used instead of whatever format the host normally -uses. Normally GCC uses the same debug format as the host system. - -On MIPS based systems and on Alphas, you must specify whether you want -GCC to create the normal ECOFF debugging format, or to use BSD-style -stabs passed through the ECOFF symbol table. The normal ECOFF debug -format cannot fully handle languages other than C@. BSD stabs format can -handle other languages, but it only works with the GNU debugger GDB@. - -Normally, GCC uses the ECOFF debugging format by default; if you -prefer BSD stabs, specify @option{--with-stabs} when you configure GCC@. - -No matter which default you choose when you configure GCC, the user -can use the @option{-gcoff} and @option{-gstabs+} options to specify explicitly -the debug format for a particular compilation. - -@option{--with-stabs} is meaningful on the ISC system on the 386, also, if -@option{--with-gas} is used. It selects use of stabs debugging -information embedded in COFF output. This kind of debugging information -supports C++ well; ordinary COFF debugging information does not. - -@option{--with-stabs} is also meaningful on 386 systems running SVR4. It -selects use of stabs debugging information embedded in ELF output. The -C++ compiler currently (2.6.0) does not support the DWARF debugging -information normally used on 386 SVR4 platforms; stabs provide a -workable alternative. This requires gas and gdb, as the normal SVR4 -tools can not generate or interpret stabs. - -@item --disable-multilib -Specify that multiple target -libraries to support different target variants, calling -conventions, etc should not be built. The default is to build a -predefined set of them. - -Some targets provide finer-grained control over which multilibs are built -(e.g., @option{--disable-softfloat}): -@table @code - -@item arc-*-elf* -biendian. - -@item arm-*-* -fpu, 26bit, underscore, interwork, biendian, nofmult. - -@item m68*-*-* -softfloat, m68881, m68000, m68020. - -@item mips*-*-* -single-float, biendian, softfloat. - -@item powerpc*-*-*, rs6000*-*-* -aix64, pthread, softfloat, powercpu, powerpccpu, powerpcos, biendian, -sysv, aix. - -@end table - -@item --enable-threads -Specify that the target -supports threads. This affects the Objective-C compiler and runtime -library, and exception handling for other languages like C++ and Java. -On some systems, this is the default. - -In general, the best (and, in many cases, the only known) threading -model available will be configured for use. Beware that on some -systems, gcc has not been taught what threading models are generally -available for the system. In this case, @option{--enable-threads} is an -alias for @option{--enable-threads=single}. - -@item --disable-threads -Specify that threading support should be disabled for the system. -This is an alias for @option{--enable-threads=single}. - -@item --enable-threads=@var{lib} -Specify that -@var{lib} is the thread support library. This affects the Objective-C -compiler and runtime library, and exception handling for other languages -like C++ and Java. The possibilities for @var{lib} are: - -@table @code -@item aix -AIX thread support. -@item dce -DCE thread support. -@item mach -Generic MACH thread support, known to work on NeXTSTEP@. (Please note -that the file needed to support this configuration, @file{gthr-mach.h}, is -missing and thus this setting will cause a known bootstrap failure.) -@item no -This is an alias for @samp{single}. -@item posix -Generic POSIX thread support. -@item pthreads -Same as @samp{posix} on arm*-*-linux*, *-*-chorusos* and *-*-freebsd* -only. A future release of gcc might remove this alias or extend it -to all platforms. -@item rtems -RTEMS thread support. -@item single -Disable thread support, should work for all platforms. -@item solaris -Sun Solaris 2 thread support. -@item vxworks -VxWorks thread support. -@item win32 -Microsoft Win32 API thread support. -@end table - -@item --with-cpu=@var{cpu} -Specify which cpu variant the -compiler should generate code for by default. This is currently -only supported on the some ports, specifically arm, powerpc, and -SPARC@. If configure does not recognize the model name (e.g.@: arm700, -603e, or ultrasparc) you provide, please check the configure script -for a complete list of supported models. - -@item --enable-altivec -Specify that the target supports AltiVec vector enhancements. This -option will adjust the ABI for AltiVec enhancements, as well as generate -AltiVec code when appropriate. This option is only available for -PowerPC systems. - -@item --enable-target-optspace -Specify that target -libraries should be optimized for code space instead of code speed. -This is the default for the m32r platform. - -@item --disable-cpp -Specify that a user visible @command{cpp} program should not be installed. - -@item --with-cpp-install-dir=@var{dirname} -Specify that the user visible @command{cpp} program should be installed -in @file{@var{prefix}/@var{dirname}/cpp}, in addition to @var{bindir}. - -@item --enable-maintainer-mode -The build rules that -regenerate the GCC master message catalog @file{gcc.pot} are normally -disabled. This is because it can only be rebuilt if the complete source -tree is present. If you have changed the sources and want to rebuild the -catalog, configuring with @option{--enable-maintainer-mode} will enable -this. Note that you need a recent version of the @code{gettext} tools -to do so. - -@item --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs -Specify -that runtime libraries should be installed in the compiler specific -subdirectory (@file{@var{libsubdir}}) rather than the usual places. In -addition, @samp{libstdc++}'s include files will be installed in -@file{@var{libsubdir}/include/g++} unless you overruled it by using -@option{--with-gxx-include-dir=@var{dirname}}. Using this option is -particularly useful if you intend to use several versions of GCC in -parallel. This is currently supported by @samp{libf2c} and -@samp{libstdc++}, and is the default for @samp{libobjc} which cannot be -changed in this case. - -@item --enable-languages=@var{lang1},@var{lang2},@dots{} -Specify that only a particular subset of compilers and -their runtime libraries should be built. For a list of valid values for -@var{langN} you can issue the following command in the -@file{gcc} directory of your GCC source tree:@* -@example -grep language= */config-lang.in -@end example -Currently, you can use any of the following: -@code{ada}, @code{c}, @code{c++}, @code{f77}, @code{java}, @code{objc}. -Building the Ada compiler has special requirements, see below.@* -If you do not pass this flag, all languages available in the @file{gcc} -sub-tree will be configured. Re-defining @code{LANGUAGES} when calling -@samp{make bootstrap} @strong{does not} work anymore, as those -language sub-directories might not have been configured! - -@item --disable-libgcj -Specify that the run-time libraries -used by GCJ should not be built. This is useful in case you intend -to use GCJ with some other run-time, or you're going to install it -separately, or it just happens not to build on your particular -machine. In general, if the Java front end is enabled, the GCJ -libraries will be enabled too, unless they're known to not work on -the target platform. If GCJ is enabled but @samp{libgcj} isn't built, you -may need to port it; in this case, before modifying the top-level -@file{configure.in} so that @samp{libgcj} is enabled by default on this platform, -you may use @option{--enable-libgcj} to override the default. - -@item --with-dwarf2 -Specify that the compiler should -use DWARF 2 debugging information as the default. - -@item --enable-win32-registry -@itemx --enable-win32-registry=@var{key} -@itemx --disable-win32-registry -The @option{--enable-win32-registry} option enables Windows-hosted GCC -to look up installations paths in the registry using the following key: - -@smallexample -@code{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Free Software Foundation\@var{key}} -@end smallexample - -@var{key} defaults to GCC version number, and can be overridden by the -@option{--enable-win32-registry=@var{key}} option. Vendors and distributors -who use custom installers are encouraged to provide a different key, -perhaps one comprised of vendor name and GCC version number, to -avoid conflict with existing installations. This feature is enabled -by default, and can be disabled by @option{--disable-win32-registry} -option. This option has no effect on the other hosts. - -@item --nfp -Specify that the machine does not have a floating point unit. This -option only applies to @samp{m68k-sun-sunos@var{n}} and -@samp{m68k-isi-bsd}. On any other system, @option{--nfp} has no effect. - -@item --enable-checking -@itemx --enable-checking=@var{list} -When you specify this option, the compiler is built to perform checking -of tree node types when referencing fields of that node, and some other -internal consistency checks. This does not change the generated code, -but adds error checking within the compiler. This will slow down the -compiler and may only work properly if you are building the compiler -with GCC@. This is on by default when building from CVS or snapshots, -but off for releases. More control over the checks may be had by -specifying @var{list}; the categories of checks available are -@samp{misc}, @samp{tree}, @samp{gc}, @samp{rtl} and @samp{gcac}. The -default when @var{list} is not specified is @samp{misc,tree,gc}; the -checks @samp{rtl} and @samp{gcac} are very expensive. - -@item --enable-nls -@itemx --disable-nls -The @option{--enable-nls} option enables Native Language Support (NLS), -which lets GCC output diagnostics in languages other than American -English. Native Language Support is enabled by default if not doing a -canadian cross build. The @option{--disable-nls} option disables NLS@. - -@item --with-included-gettext -If NLS is enabled, the @option{--with-included-gettext} option causes the build -procedure to prefer its copy of GNU @command{gettext}. - -@item --with-catgets -If NLS is enabled, and if the host lacks @code{gettext} but has the -inferior @code{catgets} interface, the GCC build procedure normally -ignores @code{catgets} and instead uses GCC's copy of the GNU -@code{gettext} library. The @option{--with-catgets} option causes the -build procedure to use the host's @code{catgets} in this situation. - -@item --with-libiconv-prefix=@var{dir} -Search for libiconv header files in @file{@var{dir}/include} and -libiconv library files in @file{@var{dir}/lib}. - -@item --with-system-zlib -Use installed zlib rather than that included with GCC@. This option -only applies if the Java front end is being built. - -@item --enable-obsolete -Enable configuration for an obsoleted system. If you attempt to -configure GCC for a system (build, host, or target) which has been -obsoleted, and you do not specify this flag, configure will halt with an -error message. - -All support for systems which have been obsoleted in one release of GCC -is removed entirely in the next major release, unless someone steps -forward to maintain the port. -@end table - -Some options which only apply to building cross compilers: -@table @code -@item --with-headers=@var{dir} -Specifies a directory -which has target include files. -@emph{This options is required} when building a cross -compiler, if @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include} doesn't pre-exist. -These include files will be copied into the @file{gcc} install directory. -Fixincludes will be run on these files to make them compatible with -GCC. -@item --with-libs=``@var{dir1} @var{dir2} @dots{} @var{dirN}'' -Specifies a list of directories which contain the target runtime -libraries. These libraries will be copied into the @file{gcc} install -directory. -@item --with-newlib -Specifies that @samp{newlib} is -being used as the target C library. This causes @code{__eprintf} to be -omitted from @file{libgcc.a} on the assumption that it will be provided by -@samp{newlib}. -@end table - -Note that each @option{--enable} option has a corresponding -@option{--disable} option and that each @option{--with} option has a -corresponding @option{--without} option. - -@html -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Building**************************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Building, Testing, Configuration, Installing GCC -@end ifnothtml -@ifset buildhtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Installing GCC: Building</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Building -@end ifnothtml -@cindex Installing GCC: Building - -Now that GCC is configured, you are ready to build the compiler and -runtime libraries. - -We @strong{highly} recommend that GCC be built using GNU make; -other versions may work, then again they might not. -GNU make is required for compiling GNAT (the Ada compiler) and the Java -runtime library. - -(For example, many broken versions of make will fail if you use the -recommended setup where @var{objdir} is different from @var{srcdir}. -Other broken versions may recompile parts of the compiler when -installing the compiler.) - -Some commands executed when making the compiler may fail (return a -nonzero status) and be ignored by @code{make}. These failures, which -are often due to files that were not found, are expected, and can safely -be ignored. - -It is normal to have compiler warnings when compiling certain files. -Unless you are a GCC developer, you can generally ignore these warnings -unless they cause compilation to fail. - -On certain old systems, defining certain environment variables such as -@env{CC} can interfere with the functioning of @command{make}. - -If you encounter seemingly strange errors when trying to build the -compiler in a directory other than the source directory, it could be -because you have previously configured the compiler in the source -directory. Make sure you have done all the necessary preparations. - -If you build GCC on a BSD system using a directory stored in an old System -V file system, problems may occur in running @code{fixincludes} if the -System V file system doesn't support symbolic links. These problems -result in a failure to fix the declaration of @code{size_t} in -@file{sys/types.h}. If you find that @code{size_t} is a signed type and -that type mismatches occur, this could be the cause. - -The solution is not to use such a directory for building GCC@. - -When building from CVS or snapshots, or if you modify parser sources, -you need the Bison parser generator installed. Any version 1.25 or -later should work; older versions may also work. If you do not modify -parser sources, releases contain the Bison-generated files and you do -not need Bison installed to build them. - -When building from CVS or snapshots, or if you modify Texinfo -documentation, you need version 4.1 or later of Texinfo installed if you -want Info documentation to be regenerated. Releases contain Info -documentation pre-built for the unmodified documentation in the release. - -@section Building a native compiler - -For a native build issue the command @samp{make bootstrap}. This -will build the entire GCC system, which includes the following steps: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -Build host tools necessary to build the compiler such as texinfo, bison, -gperf. - -@item -Build target tools for use by the compiler such as binutils (bfd, -binutils, gas, gprof, ld, and opcodes) -if they have been individually linked -or moved into the top level GCC source tree before configuring. - -@item -Perform a 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler. - -@item -Perform a comparison test of the stage2 and stage3 compilers. - -@item -Build runtime libraries using the stage3 compiler from the previous step. - -@end itemize - -If you are short on disk space you might consider @samp{make -bootstrap-lean} instead. This is identical to @samp{make -bootstrap} except that object files from the stage1 and -stage2 of the 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler are deleted as -soon as they are no longer needed. - - -If you want to save additional space during the bootstrap and in -the final installation as well, you can build the compiler binaries -without debugging information with @samp{make CFLAGS='-O' LIBCFLAGS='-g --O2' LIBCXXFLAGS='-g -O2 -fno-implicit-templates' bootstrap}. This will save -roughly 40% of disk space both for the bootstrap and the final installation. -(Libraries will still contain debugging information.) - -If you wish to use non-default GCC flags when compiling the stage2 and -stage3 compilers, set @code{BOOT_CFLAGS} on the command line when doing -@samp{make bootstrap}. Non-default optimization flags are less well -tested here than the default of @samp{-g -O2}, but should still work. -In a few cases, you may find that you need to specify special flags such -as @option{-msoft-float} here to complete the bootstrap; or, if the -native compiler miscompiles the stage1 compiler, you may need to work -around this, by choosing @code{BOOT_CFLAGS} to avoid the parts of the -stage1 compiler that were miscompiled, or by using @samp{make -bootstrap4} to increase the number of stages of bootstrap. - -If you used the flag @option{--enable-languages=@dots{}} to restrict -the compilers to be built, only those you've actually enabled will be -built. This will of course only build those runtime libraries, for -which the particular compiler has been built. Please note, -that re-defining @env{LANGUAGES} when calling @samp{make bootstrap} -@strong{does not} work anymore! - -If the comparison of stage2 and stage3 fails, this normally indicates -that the stage2 compiler has compiled GCC incorrectly, and is therefore -a potentially serious bug which you should investigate and report. (On -a few systems, meaningful comparison of object files is impossible; they -always appear ``different''. If you encounter this problem, you will -need to disable comparison in the @file{Makefile}.) - -@section Building a cross compiler - -We recommend reading the -@uref{http://www.objsw.com/CrossGCC/,,crossgcc FAQ} -for information about building cross compilers. - -When building a cross compiler, it is not generally possible to do a -3-stage bootstrap of the compiler. This makes for an interesting problem -as parts of GCC can only be built with GCC@. - -To build a cross compiler, we first recommend building and installing a -native compiler. You can then use the native GCC compiler to build the -cross compiler. The installed native compiler needs to be GCC version -2.95 or later. - -Assuming you have already installed a native copy of GCC and configured -your cross compiler, issue the command @command{make}, which performs the -following steps: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -Build host tools necessary to build the compiler such as texinfo, bison, -gperf. - -@item -Build target tools for use by the compiler such as binutils (bfd, -binutils, gas, gprof, ld, and opcodes) -if they have been individually linked or moved into the top level GCC source -tree before configuring. - -@item -Build the compiler (single stage only). - -@item -Build runtime libraries using the compiler from the previous step. -@end itemize - -Note that if an error occurs in any step the make process will exit. - -@section Building in parallel - -If you have a multiprocessor system you can use @samp{make bootstrap -MAKE="make -j 2" -j 2} or just @samp{make -j 2 bootstrap} -for GNU Make 3.79 and above instead of just @samp{make bootstrap} -when building GCC@. You can use a bigger number instead of two if -you like. In most cases, it won't help to use a number bigger than -the number of processors in your machine. - -@section Building the Ada compiler - -In order to build GNAT, the Ada compiler, you need a working GNAT -compiler (GNAT version 3.13 or later, or GCC version 3.1 or later), -since the Ada front end is written in Ada (with some -GNAT-specific extensions), and GNU make. - -However, you do not need a full installation of GNAT, just the GNAT -binary @file{gnat1}, a copy of @file{gnatbind}, and a compiler driver -which can deal with Ada input (by invoking the @file{gnat1} binary). -You can specify this compiler driver by setting the @env{ADAC} -environment variable at the configure step. @command{configure} can -detect the driver automatically if it has got a common name such as -@command{gcc} or @command{gnatgcc}. Of course, you still need a working -C compiler (the compiler driver can be different or not). -@command{configure} does not test whether the GNAT installation works -and has a sufficiently recent version; if too old a GNAT version is -installed, the build will fail unless @option{--enable-languages} is -used to disable building the Ada front end. - -Additional build tools (such as @command{gnatmake}) or a working GNAT -run-time library installation are usually @emph{not} required. However, -if you want to boostrap the compiler using a minimal version of GNAT, -you have to issue the following commands before invoking @samp{make -boostrap} (this assumes that you start with an unmodified and consistent -source distribution): - -@example - cd @var{srcdir}/gcc/ada - touch treeprs.ads [es]info.h nmake.ad[bs] -@end example - -At the moment, the GNAT library and several tools for GNAT are not built -by @samp{make bootstrap}. You have to invoke -@samp{make gnatlib_and_tools} in the @file{@var{objdir}/gcc} -subdirectory before proceeding with the next steps. - -For example, you can build a native Ada compiler by issuing the -following commands (assuming @command{make} is GNU make): - -@example - cd @var{objdir} - @var{srcdir}/configure --enable-languages=c,ada - cd @var{srcdir}/gcc/ada - touch treeprs.ads [es]info.h nmake.ad[bs] - cd @var{objdir} - make bootstrap - cd gcc - make gnatlib_and_tools - cd .. -@end example - -Currently, when compiling the Ada front end, you cannot use the parallel -build feature described in the previous section. - -@html -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Testing***************************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Testing, Final install, Building, Installing GCC -@end ifnothtml -@ifset testhtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Installing GCC: Testing</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Installing GCC: Testing -@end ifnothtml -@cindex Testing -@cindex Installing GCC: Testing -@cindex Testsuite - -Before you install GCC, we encourage you to run the testsuites and to -compare your results with results from a similar configuration that have -been submitted to the -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/,,gcc-testresults mailing list}. -This step is optional and may require you to download additional software, -but it can give you confidence in your new GCC installation or point out -problems before you install and start using your new GCC. - -First, you must have @uref{download.html,,downloaded the testsuites}. -These are part of the full distribution, but if you downloaded the -``core'' compiler plus any front ends, you must download the testsuites -separately. - -Second, you must have the testing tools installed. This includes -a @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/dejagnu/,,current version of DejaGnu}; -dejagnu 1.3 is not sufficient. -It also includes Tcl and Expect; the DejaGnu site has links to these. - -Now you may need specific preparations: - -@itemize @bullet - -@item -The following environment variables may need to be set appropriately, as in -the following example (which assumes that DejaGnu has been installed -under @file{/usr/local}): - -@example - TCL_LIBRARY = /usr/local/share/tcl8.0 - DEJAGNULIBS = /usr/local/share/dejagnu -@end example - -On systems such as Cygwin, these paths are required to be actual -paths, not mounts or links; presumably this is due to some lack of -portability in the DejaGnu code. - -If the directories where @command{runtest} and @command{expect} were -installed are in the @env{PATH}, it should not be necessary to set these -environment variables. - -@end itemize - -Finally, you can run the testsuite (which may take a long time): -@example - cd @var{objdir}; make -k check -@end example - -The testing process will try to test as many components in the GCC -distribution as possible, including the C, C++, Objective-C and Fortran -compilers as well as the C++ and Java runtime libraries. - -@section How can I run the test suite on selected tests? - -As a first possibility to cut down the number of tests that are run it is -possible to use @samp{make check-gcc} or @samp{make check-g++} -in the @file{gcc} subdirectory of the object directory. To further cut down the -tests the following is possible: - -@example - make check-gcc RUNTESTFLAGS="execute.exp @var{other-options}" -@end example - -This will run all @command{gcc} execute tests in the testsuite. - -@example - make check-g++ RUNTESTFLAGS="old-deja.exp=9805* @var{other-options}" -@end example - -This will run the @command{g++} ``old-deja'' tests in the testsuite where the filename -matches @samp{9805*}. - -The @file{*.exp} files are located in the testsuite directories of the GCC -source, the most important ones being @file{compile.exp}, -@file{execute.exp}, @file{dg.exp} and @file{old-deja.exp}. -To get a list of the possible @file{*.exp} files, pipe the -output of @samp{make check} into a file and look at the -@samp{Running @dots{} .exp} lines. - -@section How to interpret test results - -After the testsuite has run you'll find various @file{*.sum} and @file{*.log} -files in the testsuite subdirectories. The @file{*.log} files contain a -detailed log of the compiler invocations and the corresponding -results, the @file{*.sum} files summarize the results. These summaries list -all the tests that have been run with a corresponding status code: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -PASS: the test passed as expected -@item -XPASS: the test unexpectedly passed -@item -FAIL: the test unexpectedly failed -@item -XFAIL: the test failed as expected -@item -UNSUPPORTED: the test is not supported on this platform -@item -ERROR: the testsuite detected an error -@item -WARNING: the testsuite detected a possible problem -@end itemize - -It is normal for some tests to report unexpected failures. At the -current time our testing harness does not allow fine grained control -over whether or not a test is expected to fail. We expect to fix this -problem in future releases. - - -@section Submitting test results - -If you want to report the results to the GCC project, use the -@file{contrib/test_summary} shell script. Start it in the @var{objdir} with - -@example - @var{srcdir}/contrib/test_summary -p your_commentary.txt \ - -m gcc-testresults@@gcc.gnu.org |sh -@end example - -This script uses the @command{Mail} program to send the results, so -make sure it is in your @env{PATH}. The file @file{your_commentary.txt} is -prepended to the testsuite summary and should contain any special -remarks you have on your results or your build environment. Please -do not edit the testsuite result block or the subject line, as these -messages are automatically parsed and presented at the -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/testresults/,,GCC testresults} web -page. Here you can also gather information on how specific tests -behave on different platforms and compare them with your results. A -few failing testcases are possible even on released versions and you -should look here first if you think your results are unreasonable. - -@html -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Final install*********************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Final install, , Testing, Installing GCC -@end ifnothtml -@ifset finalinstallhtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Installing GCC: Final installation</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Installing GCC: Final installation -@end ifnothtml - -Now that GCC has been built (and optionally tested), you can install it with -@example -cd @var{objdir}; make install -@end example - -That step completes the installation of GCC; user level binaries can -be found in @file{@var{prefix}/bin} where @var{prefix} is the value you -specified with the @option{--prefix} to configure (or @file{/usr/local} -by default). (If you specified @option{--bindir}, that directory will -be used instead; otherwise, if you specified @option{--exec-prefix}, -@file{@var{exec-prefix}/bin} will be used.) Headers for the C++ and -Java libraries are installed in @file{@var{prefix}/include}; libraries -in @file{@var{libdir}} (normally @file{@var{prefix}/lib}); internal -parts of the compiler in @file{@var{libdir}/gcc-lib}; documentation in -info format in @file{@var{infodir}} (normally @file{@var{prefix}/info}). - -If you built a released version of GCC using @samp{make bootstrap} then please -quickly review the build status page for -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-3.1/buildstat.html,,3.1}, -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-3.0/buildstat.html,,3.0}, or -@uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-2.95/buildstat.html,,2.95}. -If your system is not listed for the version of GCC that you built, -send a note to -@email{gcc@@gcc.gnu.org} indicating -that you successfully built and installed GCC. -Include the following information: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -Output from running @file{@var{srcdir}/config.guess}. Do not send us -that file itself, just the one-line output from running it. - -@item -The output of @samp{gcc -v} for your newly installed gcc. -This tells us which version of GCC you built and the options you passed to -configure. - -@item -Whether you enabled all languages or a subset of them. If you used a -full distribution then this information is part of the configure -options in the output of @samp{gcc -v}, but if you downloaded the -``core'' compiler plus additional front ends then it isn't apparent -which ones you built unless you tell us about it. - -@item -If the build was for GNU/Linux, also include: -@itemize @bullet -@item -The distribution name and version (e.g., Red Hat 7.1 or Debian 2.2.3); -this information should be available from @file{/etc/issue}. - -@item -The version of the Linux kernel, available from @samp{uname --version} -or @samp{uname -a}. - -@item -The version of glibc you used; for RPM-based systems like Red Hat, -Mandrake, and SuSE type @samp{rpm -q glibc} to get the glibc version, -and on systems like Debian and Progeny use @samp{dpkg -l libc6}. -@end itemize -For other systems, you can include similar information if you think it is -relevant. - -@item -Any other information that you think would be useful to people building -GCC on the same configuration. The new entry in the build status list -will include a link to the archived copy of your message. -@end itemize - -We'd also like to know if the -@ifnothtml -@ref{Specific, host/target specific installation notes} -@end ifnothtml -@ifhtml -@uref{specific.html,,host/target specific installation notes} -@end ifhtml -didn't include your host/target information or if that information is -incomplete or out of date. Send a note to -@email{gcc@@gcc.gnu.org} telling us how the information should be changed. - -If you find a bug, please report it following our -@uref{../bugs.html,,bug reporting guidelines}. - -If you want to print the GCC manuals, do @samp{cd @var{objdir}; make -dvi}. You will need to have @command{texi2dvi} (version at least 4.1) -and @TeX{} installed. This creates a number of @file{.dvi} files in -subdirectories of @file{@var{objdir}}; these may be converted for -printing with programs such as @command{dvips}. You can also -@uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html,,buy printed manuals from the -Free Software Foundation}, though such manuals may not be for the most -recent version of GCC@. - -@html -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Binaries**************************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Binaries, Specific, Installing GCC, Top -@end ifnothtml -@ifset binarieshtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Installing GCC: Binaries</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Installing GCC: Binaries -@end ifnothtml -@cindex Binaries -@cindex Installing GCC: Binaries - -We are often asked about pre-compiled versions of GCC@. While we cannot -provide these for all platforms, below you'll find links to binaries for -various platforms where creating them by yourself is not easy due to various -reasons. - -Please note that we did not create these binaries, nor do we -support them. If you have any problems installing them, please -contact their makers. - -@itemize -@item -AIX: -@itemize -@item -@uref{http://freeware.bull.net,,Bull's Freeware and Shareware Archive for AIX}; - -@item -@uref{http://aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu,,UCLA Software Library for AIX}; -@end itemize - -@item -DOS---@uref{http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/,,DJGPP}; - -@item -HP-UX: -@itemize -@item -@uref{http://hpux.cae.wisc.edu/,,HP-UX Porting Center}; - -@item -@uref{ftp://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/packages/gcc_hpux/,,Binaries for HP-UX 11.00 at Aachen University of Technology}. -@end itemize - -@item -@uref{http://www.sco.com/skunkware/devtools/index.html#gcc,,SCO -OpenServer/Unixware}; - -@item -Solaris 2 (SPARC, Intel)---@uref{http://www.sunfreeware.com/,,Sunfreeware}; - -@item -SGI---@uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/,,SGI Freeware}; - -@item -Windows 95, 98, and NT: -@itemize -@item -The @uref{http://sources.redhat.com/cygwin/,,Cygwin} project; -@item -@uref{http://www.xraylith.wisc.edu/~khan/software/gnu-win32/,,GNU Win32} -related projects by Mumit Khan. -@end itemize - -@item -@uref{ftp://ftp.thewrittenword.com/packages/free/by-name/,,The -Written Word} offers binaries for Solaris 2.5.1, 2.6, 2.7/SPARC, 2.7/Intel, -IRIX 6.2, 6.5, Digital UNIX 4.0D, HP-UX 10.20, and HP-UX 11.00. - -@item -Hitachi H8/300[HS]---@uref{http://h8300-hms.sourceforge.net/,,GNU -Development Tools for the Hitachi H8/300[HS] Series} - -@end itemize - -In addition to those specific offerings, you can get a binary -distribution CD-ROM from the -@uref{http://www.fsf.org/order/order.html,,Free Software Foundation}. -It contains binaries for a number of platforms, and -includes not only GCC, but other stuff as well. The current CD does -not contain the latest version of GCC, but it should allow -bootstrapping the compiler. An updated version of that disk is in the -works. - -@html -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Specific**************************************************************** -@ifnothtml -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Specific, Old, Binaries, Top -@end ifnothtml -@ifset specifichtml -@html -<h1 align="center">Host/target specific installation notes for GCC</h1> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@chapter Host/target specific installation notes for GCC -@end ifnothtml -@cindex Specific -@cindex Specific installation notes -@cindex Target specific installation -@cindex Host specific installation -@cindex Target specific installation notes - -Please read this document carefully @emph{before} installing the -GNU Compiler Collection on your machine. - -@ifhtml -@itemize -@item -@uref{#1750a-*-*,,1750a-*-*} -@item -@uref{#a29k,,a29k} -@item -@uref{#a29k-*-bsd,,a29k-*-bsd} -@item -@uref{#alpha*-*-*,,alpha*-*-*} -@item -@uref{#alpha*-dec-osf*,,alpha*-dec-osf*} -@item -@uref{#alphaev5-cray-unicosmk*,,alphaev5-cray-unicosmk*} -@item -@uref{#arc-*-elf,,arc-*-elf} -@item -@uref{#arm-*-aout,,arm-*-aout} -@item -@uref{#arm-*-elf,,arm-*-elf} -@item -@uref{#arm*-*-linux-gnu,,arm*-*-linux-gnu} -@item -@uref{#arm-*-riscix,,arm-*-riscix} -@item -@uref{#avr,,avr} -@item -@uref{#c4x,,c4x} -@item -@uref{#dos,,DOS} -@item -@uref{#dsp16xx,,dsp16xx} -@item -@uref{#elxsi-elxsi-bsd,,elxsi-elxsi-bsd} -@item -@uref{#*-*-freebsd*,,*-*-freebsd*} -@item -@uref{#h8300-hms,,h8300-hms} -@item -@uref{#hppa*-hp-hpux*,,hppa*-hp-hpux*} -@item -@uref{#hppa*-hp-hpux9,,hppa*-hp-hpux9} -@item -@uref{#hppa*-hp-hpux10,,hppa*-hp-hpux10} -@item -@uref{#hppa*-hp-hpux11,,hppa*-hp-hpux11} -@item -@uref{#i370-*-*,,i370-*-*} -@item -@uref{#*-*-linux-gnu,,*-*-linux-gnu} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-linux*oldld,,i?86-*-linux*oldld} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-linux*aout,,i?86-*-linux*aout} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-linux*,,i?86-*-linux*} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-sco,,i?86-*-sco} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-sco3.2v4,,i?86-*-sco3.2v4} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-sco3.2v5*,,i?86-*-sco3.2v5*} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-udk,,i?86-*-udk} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-isc,,i?86-*-isc} -@item -@uref{#ix86-*-esix,,i?86-*-esix} -@item -@uref{#ix86-ibm-aix,,i?86-ibm-aix} -@item -@uref{#ix86-sequent-bsd,,i?86-sequent-bsd} -@item -@uref{#ix86-sequent-ptx1*,,i?86-sequent-ptx1*, i?86-sequent-ptx2*, i?86-sequent-sysv3*} -@item -@uref{#i860-intel-osf*,,i860-intel-osf*} -@item -@uref{#ia64-*-linux,,ia64-*-linux} -@item -@uref{#*-lynx-lynxos,,*-lynx-lynxos} -@item -@uref{#*-ibm-aix*,,*-ibm-aix*} -@item -@uref{#m32r-*-elf,,m32r-*-elf} -@item -@uref{#m68000-hp-bsd,,m68000-hp-bsd} -@item -@uref{#m6811-elf,,m6811-elf} -@item -@uref{#m6812-elf,,m6812-elf} -@item -@uref{#m68k-altos,,m68k-altos} -@item -@uref{#m68k-apple-aux,,m68k-apple-aux} -@item -@uref{#m68k-att-sysv,,m68k-att-sysv} -@item -@uref{#m68k-bull-sysv,,m68k-bull-sysv} -@item -@uref{#m68k-crds-unos,,m68k-crds-unos} -@item -@uref{#m68k-hp-hpux,,m68k-hp-hpux} -@item -@uref{#m68k-*-nextstep*,,m68k-*-nextstep*} -@item -@uref{#m68k-ncr-*,,m68k-ncr-*} -@item -@uref{#m68k-sun,,m68k-sun} -@item -@uref{#m68k-sun-sunos4.1.1,,m68k-sun-sunos4.1.1} -@item -@uref{#m88k-*-svr3,,m88k-*-svr3} -@item -@uref{#m88k-*-dgux,,m88k-*-dgux} -@item -@uref{#m88k-tektronix-sysv3,,m88k-tektronix-sysv3} -@item -@uref{#mips-*-*,,mips-*-*} -@item -@uref{#mips-dec-*,,mips-dec-*} -@item -@uref{#mips-mips-bsd,,mips-mips-bsd} -@item -@uref{#mips-mips-riscos*,,mips-mips-riscos*} -@item -@uref{#mips-sgi-irix4,,mips-sgi-irix4} -@item -@uref{#mips-sgi-irix5,,mips-sgi-irix5} -@item -@uref{#mips-sgi-irix6,,mips-sgi-irix6} -@item -@uref{#mips-sony-sysv,,mips-sony-sysv} -@item -@uref{#ns32k-encore,,ns32k-encore} -@item -@uref{#ns32k-*-genix,,ns32k-*-genix} -@item -@uref{#ns32k-sequent,,ns32k-sequent} -@item -@uref{#ns32k-utek,,ns32k-utek} -@item -@uref{#powerpc*-*-*,,powerpc*-*-*, powerpc-*-sysv4} -@item -@uref{#powerpc-*-darwin*,,powerpc-*-darwin*} -@item -@uref{#powerpc-*-elf,,powerpc-*-elf, powerpc-*-sysv4} -@item -@uref{#powerpc-*-linux-gnu*,,powerpc-*-linux-gnu*} -@item -@uref{#powerpc-*-netbsd*,,powerpc-*-netbsd*} -@item -@uref{#powerpc-*-eabiaix,,powerpc-*-eabiaix} -@item -@uref{#powerpc-*-eabisim,,powerpc-*-eabisim} -@item -@uref{#powerpc-*-eabi,,powerpc-*-eabi} -@item -@uref{#powerpcle-*-elf,,powerpcle-*-elf, powerpcle-*-sysv4} -@item -@uref{#powerpcle-*-eabisim,,powerpcle-*-eabisim} -@item -@uref{#powerpcle-*-eabi,,powerpcle-*-eabi} -@item -@uref{#powerpcle-*-winnt,,powerpcle-*-winnt, powerpcle-*-pe} -@item -@uref{#romp-*-aos,,romp-*-aos, romp-*-mach} -@item -@uref{#s390-*-linux*} -@item -@uref{#s390x-*-linux*} -@item -@uref{#*-*-solaris2*,,*-*-solaris2*} -@item -@uref{#sparc-sun-solaris2*,,sparc-sun-solaris2*} -@item -@uref{#sparc-sun-solaris2.7,,sparc-sun-solaris2.7} -@item -@uref{#sparc-sun-sunos4*,,sparc-sun-sunos4*} -@item -@uref{#sparc-unknown-linux-gnulibc1,,sparc-unknown-linux-gnulibc1} -@item -@uref{#sparc-*-linux*,,sparc-*-linux*} -@item -@uref{#sparc64-*-*,,sparc64-*-*} -@item -@uref{#sparcv9-*-solaris2*,,sparcv9-*-solaris2*} -@item -@uref{#*-*-sysv*,,*-*-sysv*} -@item -@uref{#vax-dec-ultrix,,vax-dec-ultrix} -@item -@uref{#we32k-*-*,,we32k-*-*} -@item -@uref{#xtensa-*-elf,,xtensa-*-elf} -@item -@uref{#xtensa-*-linux*,,xtensa-*-linux*} -@item -@uref{#windows,,Microsoft Windows} -@item -@uref{#os2,,OS/2} -@item -@uref{#older,,Older systems} -@end itemize - -@itemize -@item -@uref{#elf_targets,,all ELF targets} (SVR4, Solaris 2, etc.) -@end itemize -@end ifhtml - - -@html -<!-- -------- host/target specific issues start here ---------------- --> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{1750a-*-*}1750a-*-* -MIL-STD-1750A processors. This target is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -The MIL-STD-1750A cross configuration produces output for -@code{as1750}, an assembler/linker available under the GNU General Public -License for the 1750A@. @code{as1750} can be obtained at -@uref{ftp://ftp.fta-berlin.de/pub/crossgcc/1750gals/}. -A similarly licensed simulator for -the 1750A is available from same address. - -You should ignore a fatal error during the building of @samp{libgcc} -(@samp{libgcc} is not yet implemented for the 1750A@.) - -The @code{as1750} assembler requires the file @file{ms1750.inc}, which is -found in the directory @file{gcc/config/1750a}. - -GCC produced the same sections as the Fairchild F9450 C Compiler, -namely: - -@table @code -@item Normal -The program code section. - -@item Static -The read/write (RAM) data section. - -@item Konst -The read-only (ROM) constants section. - -@item Init -Initialization section (code to copy KREL to SREL)@. -@end table - -The smallest addressable unit is 16 bits (@code{BITS_PER_UNIT} is 16). This -means that type @code{char} is represented with a 16-bit word per character. -The 1750A's ``Load/Store Upper/Lower Byte'' instructions are not used by -GCC@. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{a29k}a29k -AMD Am29k-family processors. These are normally used in embedded -applications. This configuration corresponds to AMD's standard calling -sequence and binary interface and is compatible with other 29k tools. - -AMD has abandoned this processor. All existing a29k targets are obsoleted -in GCC 3.1. - -You may need to make a variant of the file @file{a29k.h} for your -particular configuration. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{a29k-*-bsd}a29k-*-bsd -AMD Am29050 used in a system running a variant of BSD Unix. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{alpha*-*-*}alpha*-*-* - -This section contains general configuration information for all -alpha-based platforms using ELF (in particular, ignore this section for -DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX and Tru64 UNIX)@. In addition to reading this -section, please read all other sections that match your target. - -We require binutils 2.11.2 or newer. -Previous binutils releases had a number of problems with DWARF 2 -debugging information, not the least of which is incorrect linking of -shared libraries. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{alpha*-dec-osf*}alpha*-dec-osf* -Systems using processors that implement the DEC Alpha architecture and -are running the DEC/Compaq Unix (DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, or Compaq -Tru64 UNIX) operating system, for example the DEC Alpha AXP systems. - -Support for versions before @code{alpha*-dec-osf4} is obsoleted in GCC -3.1. (These are the versions which identify themselves as DEC OSF/1.) - -In Tru64 UNIX V5.1, Compaq introduced a new assembler that does not -currently (2001-06-13) work with @command{mips-tfile}. As a workaround, -we need to use the old assembler, invoked via the barely documented -@option{-oldas} option. To bootstrap GCC, you either need to use the -Compaq C Compiler: - -@example - % CC=cc @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}] -@end example - -or you can use a copy of GCC 2.95.3 or higher built on Tru64 UNIX V4.0: - -@example - % CC=gcc -Wa,-oldas @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}] -@end example - -As of GNU binutils 2.11.2, neither GNU @command{as} nor GNU @command{ld} -are supported on Tru64 UNIX, so you must not configure GCC with -@option{--with-gnu-as} or @option{--with-gnu-ld}. - -The @option{--enable-threads} options isn't supported yet. A patch is -in preparation for a future release. - -GCC writes a @samp{.verstamp} directive to the assembler output file -unless it is built as a cross-compiler. It gets the version to use from -the system header file @file{/usr/include/stamp.h}. If you install a -new version of DEC Unix, you should rebuild GCC to pick up the new version -stamp. - -Note that since the Alpha is a 64-bit architecture, cross-compilers from -32-bit machines will not generate code as efficient as that generated -when the compiler is running on a 64-bit machine because many -optimizations that depend on being able to represent a word on the -target in an integral value on the host cannot be performed. Building -cross-compilers on the Alpha for 32-bit machines has only been tested in -a few cases and may not work properly. - -@code{make compare} may fail on old versions of DEC Unix unless you add -@option{-save-temps} to @code{CFLAGS}. On these systems, the name of the -assembler input file is stored in the object file, and that makes -comparison fail if it differs between the @code{stage1} and -@code{stage2} compilations. The option @option{-save-temps} forces a -fixed name to be used for the assembler input file, instead of a -randomly chosen name in @file{/tmp}. Do not add @option{-save-temps} -unless the comparisons fail without that option. If you add -@option{-save-temps}, you will have to manually delete the @samp{.i} and -@samp{.s} files after each series of compilations. - -GCC now supports both the native (ECOFF) debugging format used by DBX -and GDB and an encapsulated STABS format for use only with GDB@. See the -discussion of the @option{--with-stabs} option of @file{configure} above -for more information on these formats and how to select them. - -There is a bug in DEC's assembler that produces incorrect line numbers -for ECOFF format when the @samp{.align} directive is used. To work -around this problem, GCC will not emit such alignment directives -while writing ECOFF format debugging information even if optimization is -being performed. Unfortunately, this has the very undesirable -side-effect that code addresses when @option{-O} is specified are -different depending on whether or not @option{-g} is also specified. - -To avoid this behavior, specify @option{-gstabs+} and use GDB instead of -DBX@. DEC is now aware of this problem with the assembler and hopes to -provide a fix shortly. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{alphaev5-cray-unicosmk*}alphaev5-cray-unicosmk* -Cray T3E systems running Unicos/Mk. - -This port is incomplete and has many known bugs. We hope to improve the -support for this target soon. Currently, only the C front end is supported, -and it is not possible to build parallel applications. Cray modules are not -supported; in particular, Craylibs are assumed to be in -@file{/opt/ctl/craylibs/craylibs}. - -You absolutely @strong{must} use GNU make on this platform. Also, you -need to tell GCC where to find the assembler and the linker. The -simplest way to do so is by providing @option{--with-as} and -@option{--with-ld} to @file{configure}, e.g.@: - -@samp{configure --with-as=/opt/ctl/bin/cam --with-ld=/opt/ctl/bin/cld ---enable-languages=c} - -The comparison test during @samp{make bootstrap} fails on Unicos/Mk -because the assembler inserts timestamps into object files. You should -be able to work around this by doing @samp{make all} after getting this -failure. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{arc-*-elf}arc-*-elf -Argonaut ARC processor. -This configuration is intended for embedded systems. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{arm-*-aout}arm-*-aout -Advanced RISC Machines ARM-family processors. These are often used in -embedded applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. -This configuration corresponds to the basic instruction sequences and will -produce @file{a.out} format object modules. - -You may need to make a variant of the file @file{arm.h} for your particular -configuration. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{arm-*-elf}arm-*-elf -This configuration is intended for embedded systems. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{arm*-*-linux-gnu}arm*-*-linux-gnu - -We require GNU binutils 2.10 or newer. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{arm-*-riscix}arm-*-riscix -The ARM2 or ARM3 processor running RISC iX, Acorn's port of BSD Unix. -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -If you are running a version of RISC iX prior to 1.2 then you must -specify the version number during configuration. Note that the -assembler shipped with RISC iX does not support stabs debugging -information; a new version of the assembler, with stabs support -included, is now available from Acorn and via ftp -@uref{ftp://ftp.acorn.com/pub/riscix/as+xterm.tar.Z}. To enable stabs -debugging, pass @option{--with-gnu-as} to configure. - -You will need to install GNU @command{sed} before you can run configure. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{avr}avr - -ATMEL AVR-family micro controllers. These are used in embedded -applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. -@ifnothtml -@xref{AVR Options,, AVR Options, gcc, Using and Porting the GNU Compiler -Collection (GCC)}, -@end ifnothtml -@ifhtml -See ``AVR Options'' in the main manual -@end ifhtml -for the list of supported MCU types. - -Use @samp{configure --target=avr --enable-languages="c"} to configure GCC@. - -Further installation notes and other useful information about AVR tools -can also be obtained from: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -@uref{http://home.overta.ru/users/denisc,,http://home.overta.ru/users/denisc} -@item -@uref{http://www.amelek.gda.pl/avr,,http://www.amelek.gda.pl/avr} -@end itemize - -We @emph{strongly} recommend using binutils 2.11 or newer. - -The following error: -@example - Error: register required -@end example - -indicates that you should upgrade to a newer version of the binutils. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{c4x}c4x - -Texas Instruments TMS320C3x and TMS320C4x Floating Point Digital Signal -Processors. These are used in embedded applications. There are no -standard Unix configurations. -@ifnothtml -@xref{TMS320C3x/C4x Options,, TMS320C3x/C4x Options, gcc, Using and -Porting the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)}, -@end ifnothtml -@ifhtml -See ``TMS320C3x/C4x Options'' in the main manual -@end ifhtml -for the list of supported MCU types. - -GCC can be configured as a cross compiler for both the C3x and C4x -architectures on the same system. Use @samp{configure --target=c4x ---enable-languages="c,c++"} to configure. - - -Further installation notes and other useful information about C4x tools -can also be obtained from: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -@uref{http://www.elec.canterbury.ac.nz/c4x/,,http://www.elec.canterbury.ac.nz/c4x/} -@end itemize - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{cris}CRIS - -CRIS is the CPU architecture in Axis Communications ETRAX system-on-a-chip -series. These are used in embedded applications. - -@ifnothtml -@xref{CRIS Options,, CRIS Options, gcc, Using and Porting the GNU Compiler -Collection (GCC)}, -@end ifnothtml -@ifhtml -See ``CRIS Options'' in the main manual -@end ifhtml -for a list of CRIS-specific options. - -There are a few different CRIS targets: -@table @code -@item cris-axis-aout -Old target. Includes a multilib for the @samp{elinux} a.out-based -target. No multilibs for newer architecture variants. -@item cris-axis-elf -Mainly for monolithic embedded systems. Includes a multilib for the -@samp{v10} core used in @samp{ETRAX 100 LX}. -@item cris-axis-linux-gnu -A GNU/Linux port for the CRIS architecture, currently targeting -@samp{ETRAX 100 LX} by default. -@end table - -For @code{cris-axis-aout} and @code{cris-axis-elf} you need binutils 2.11 -or newer. For @code{cris-axis-linux-gnu} you need binutils 2.12 or newer. - -Pre-packaged tools can be obtained from -@uref{ftp://ftp.axis.com/pub/axis/tools/cris/compiler-kit/}. More -information about this platform is available at -@uref{http://developer.axis.com/}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{dos}DOS - -Please have a look at our @uref{binaries.html,,binaries page}. - -You cannot install GCC by itself on MSDOS; it will not compile under -any MSDOS compiler except itself. You need to get the complete -compilation package DJGPP, which includes binaries as well as sources, -and includes all the necessary compilation tools and libraries. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{dsp16xx}dsp16xx -A port to the AT&T DSP1610 family of processors. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{*-*-freebsd*}*-*-freebsd* - -The version of binutils installed in @file{/usr/bin} is known to work unless -otherwise specified in any per-architecture notes. However, binutils -2.12.1 or greater is known to improve overall testsuite results. - -For FreeBSD 1, FreeBSD 2 or any mutant a.out versions of FreeBSD 3: All -configuration support and files as shipped with GCC 2.95 are still in -place. FreeBSD 2.2.7 has been known to bootstrap completely; however, -it is unknown which version of binutils was used (it is assumed that it -was the system copy in @file{/usr/bin}) and C++ EH failures were noted. - -Support for FreeBSD 1 is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -For FreeBSD using the ELF file format: DWARF 2 debugging is now the -default for all CPU architectures. It had been the default on -FreeBSD/alpha since its inception. You may use @option{-gstabs} instead -of @option{-g}, if you really want the old debugging format. There are -no known issues with mixing object files and libraries with different -debugging formats. Otherwise, this release of GCC should now match more -of the configuration used in the stock FreeBSD configuration of GCC. In -particular, @option{--enable-threads} is now configured by default. -However, as a general user, do not attempt to replace the system -compiler with this release. Known to bootstrap and check with good -results on FreeBSD 3.0, 3.4, 4.0, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5-STABLE and 5-CURRENT@. - -In principle, @option{--enable-threads} is now compatible with -@option{--enable-libgcj} on FreeBSD@. However, it has only been built -and tested on i386-*-freebsd4.5 and alpha-*-freebsd5.0. The static -library may be incorrectly built (symbols are missing at link time). -There is a rare timing-based startup hang (probably involves an -assupmtion about the thread library). Multi-threaded boehm-gc (required for -libjava) exposes severe threaded signal-handling bugs on FreeBSD before -4.5-RELEASE. The alpha port may not fully bootstrap without some manual -intervention: gcjh will crash with a floating-point exception while -generating @file{java/lang/Double.h} (just copy the version built on -i386-*-freebsd* and rerun the top-level gmake with no arguments and it -should properly complete the bootstrap). Other CPU architectures -supported by FreeBSD will require additional configuration tuning in, at -the very least, both boehm-gc and libffi. - -Shared @file{libgcc_s.so} is now built and installed by default. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{elxsi-elxsi-bsd}elxsi-elxsi-bsd -The Elxsi's C compiler has known limitations that prevent it from -compiling GCC@. Please contact @email{mrs@@wrs.com} for more details. - -Support for this processor is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{h8300-hms}h8300-hms -Hitachi H8/300 series of processors. - -Please have a look at our @uref{binaries.html,,binaries page}. - -The calling convention and structure layout has changed in release 2.6. -All code must be recompiled. The calling convention now passes the -first three arguments in function calls in registers. Structures are no -longer a multiple of 2 bytes. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{hppa*-hp-hpux*}hppa*-hp-hpux* - -We @emph{highly} recommend using gas/binutils 2.8 or newer on all hppa -platforms; you may encounter a variety of problems when using the HP -assembler. - -Specifically, @option{-g} does not work on HP-UX (since that system -uses a peculiar debugging format which GCC does not know about), unless you -use GAS and GDB and configure GCC with the -@uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}} and -@option{--with-as=@dots{}} options. - -If you wish to use pa-risc 2.0 architecture support, you must use either -the HP assembler, gas/binutils 2.11 or a recent -@uref{ftp://sources.redhat.com/pub/binutils/snapshots,,snapshot of gas}. - -More specific information to @samp{hppa*-hp-hpux*} targets follows. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{hppa*-hp-hpux9}hppa*-hp-hpux9 - -The HP assembler has major problems on this platform. We've tried to work -around the worst of the problems. However, those workarounds may be causing -linker crashes in some circumstances; the workarounds also probably prevent -shared libraries from working. Use the GNU assembler to avoid these problems. - - -The configuration scripts for GCC will also trigger a bug in the hpux9 -shell. To avoid this problem set @env{CONFIG_SHELL} to @file{/bin/ksh} -and @env{SHELL} to @file{/bin/ksh} in your environment. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{hppa*-hp-hpux10}hppa*-hp-hpux10 - -For hpux10.20, we @emph{highly} recommend you pick up the latest sed patch -@code{PHCO_19798} from HP@. HP has two sites which provide patches free of -charge: - -@itemize @bullet -@item -@html -<a href="http://us-support.external.hp.com">US, Canada, Asia-Pacific, and -Latin-America</a> -@end html -@ifnothtml -@uref{http://us-support.external.hp.com,,}US, Canada, Asia-Pacific, and -Latin-America -@end ifnothtml -@item -@uref{http://europe-support.external.hp.com,,Europe} -@end itemize - -The HP assembler on these systems is much better than the hpux9 assembler, -but still has some problems. Most notably the assembler inserts timestamps -into each object file it creates, causing the 3-stage comparison test to fail -during a @samp{make bootstrap}. You should be able to continue by -saying @samp{make all} after getting the failure from @samp{make -bootstrap}. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{hppa*-hp-hpux11}hppa*-hp-hpux11 - -GCC 3.0 and up support HP-UX 11. You must use GNU binutils 2.11 or above on -this platform. Thread support is not currently implemented for this -platform, so @option{--enable-threads} does not work. -See @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-prs/2002-01/msg00551.html} -and @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-bugs/2002-01/msg00663.html}. -GCC 2.95.x is not supported under HP-UX 11 and cannot be used to -compile GCC 3.0 and up. Refer to @uref{binaries.html,,binaries} for -information about obtaining precompiled GCC binaries for HP-UX. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{i370-*-*}i370-*-* -This port is very preliminary and has many known bugs. We hope to -have a higher-quality port for this machine soon. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{*-*-linux-gnu}*-*-linux-gnu - -If you use glibc 2.2 (or 2.1.9x), GCC 2.95.2 won't install -out-of-the-box. You'll get compile errors while building @samp{libstdc++}. -The patch @uref{glibc-2.2.patch,,glibc-2.2.patch}, that is to be -applied in the GCC source tree, fixes the compatibility problems. - -@html -</p> -@end html - -@html -<p> -@end html - -Currently Glibc 2.2.3 (and older releases) and GCC 3.0 are out of sync -since the latest exception handling changes for GCC@. Compiling glibc -with GCC 3.0 will give a binary incompatible glibc and therefore cause -lots of problems and might make your system completly unusable. This -will definitly need fixes in glibc but might also need fixes in GCC@. We -strongly advise to wait for glibc 2.2.4 and to read the release notes of -glibc 2.2.4 whether patches for GCC 3.0 are needed. You can use glibc -2.2.3 with GCC 3.0, just do not try to recompile it. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-linux*oldld}i?86-*-linux*oldld -Use this configuration to generate @file{a.out} binaries on Linux-based -GNU systems if you do not have gas/binutils version 2.5.2 or later -installed. - -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-linux*aout}i?86-*-linux*aout -Use this configuration to generate @file{a.out} binaries on Linux-based -GNU systems. This configuration is being superseded. You must use -gas/binutils version 2.5.2 or later. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-linux*}i?86-*-linux* - -You will need binutils 2.9.1.0.15 or newer for exception handling to work. - -If you receive Signal 11 errors when building on GNU/Linux, then it is -possible you have a hardware problem. Further information on this can be -found on @uref{http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/,,www.bitwizard.nl}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-sco}i?86-*-sco -Compilation with RCC is recommended. Also, it may be a good idea to -link with GNU malloc instead of the malloc that comes with the system. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-sco3.2v4}i?86-*-sco3.2v4 -Use this configuration for SCO release 3.2 version 4. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-sco3.2v5*}i?86-*-sco3.2v5* -Use this for the SCO OpenServer Release 5 family of operating systems. - -Unlike earlier versions of GCC, the ability to generate COFF with this -target is no longer provided. - -Earlier versions of GCC emitted DWARF 1 when generating ELF to allow -the system debugger to be used. That support was too burdensome to -maintain. GCC now emits only DWARF 2 for this target. This means you -may use either the UDK debugger or GDB to debug programs built by this -version of GCC@. - -Use of the @option{-march=pentiumpro} flag can result in -unrecognized opcodes when using the native assembler on OS versions before -5.0.6. (Support for P6 opcodes was added to the native ELF assembler in -that version.) While it's rather rare to see these emitted by GCC yet, -errors of the basic form: - -@example - /usr/tmp/ccaNlqBc.s:22:unknown instruction: fcomip - /usr/tmp/ccaNlqBc.s:50:unknown instruction: fucomip -@end example - -are symptoms of this problem. You may work around this by not -building affected files with that flag, by using the GNU assembler, or -by using the assembler provided with the current version of the OS@. -Users of GNU assembler should see the note below for hazards on doing -so. - -The native SCO assembler that is provided with the OS at no -charge is normally required. If, however, you must be able to use -the GNU assembler (perhaps you're compiling code with asms that -require GAS syntax) you may configure this package using the flags -@uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}}. You must -use a recent version of GNU binutils; versions past 2.9.1 seem to work -well. - -In general, the @option{--with-gnu-as} option isn't as well tested -as the native assembler. - -Look in @file{gcc/config/i386/sco5.h} (search for ``messy'') for -additional OpenServer-specific flags. - -Systems based on OpenServer before 5.0.4 (@samp{uname -X} -will tell you what you're running) require TLS597 from -@uref{ftp://ftp.sco.com/TLS/,,ftp://ftp.sco.com/TLS/} -for C++ constructors and destructors to work right. - -The system linker in (at least) 5.0.4 and 5.0.5 will sometimes -do the wrong thing for a construct that GCC will emit for PIC -code. This can be seen as execution testsuite failures when using -@option{-fPIC} on @file{921215-1.c}, @file{931002-1.c}, @file{nestfunc-1.c}, and @file{gcov-1.c}. -For 5.0.5, an updated linker that will cure this problem is -available. You must install both -@uref{ftp://ftp.sco.com/Supplements/rs505a/,,ftp://ftp.sco.com/Supplements/rs505a/} -and @uref{ftp://ftp.sco.com/SLS/,,OSS499A}. - -The dynamic linker in OpenServer 5.0.5 (earlier versions may show -the same problem) aborts on certain G77-compiled programs. It's particularly -likely to be triggered by building Fortran code with the @option{-fPIC} flag. -Although it's conceivable that the error could be triggered by other -code, only G77-compiled code has been observed to cause this abort. -If you are getting core dumps immediately upon execution of your -G77 program---and especially if it's compiled with @option{-fPIC}---try applying -@uref{sco_osr5_g77.patch,,@file{sco_osr5_g77.patch}} to your @samp{libf2c} and -rebuilding GCC@. -Affected faults, when analyzed in a debugger, will show a stack -backtrace with a fault occurring in @code{rtld()} and the program -running as @file{/usr/lib/ld.so.1}. This problem has been reported to SCO -engineering and will hopefully be addressed in later releases. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-udk}i?86-*-udk - -This target emulates the SCO Universal Development Kit and requires that -package be installed. (If it is installed, you will have a -@file{/udk/usr/ccs/bin/cc} file present.) It's very much like the -@samp{i?86-*-unixware7*} target -but is meant to be used when hosting on a system where UDK isn't the -default compiler such as OpenServer 5 or Unixware 2. This target will -generate binaries that will run on OpenServer, Unixware 2, or Unixware 7, -with the same warnings and caveats as the SCO UDK@. - -This target is a little tricky to build because we have to distinguish -it from the native tools (so it gets headers, startups, and libraries -from the right place) while making the tools not think we're actually -building a cross compiler. The easiest way to do this is with a configure -command like this: - -@samp{CC=/udk/usr/ccs/bin/cc @var{/your/path/to}/gcc/configure ---host=i686-pc-udk --target=i686-pc-udk --program-prefix=udk-} - -@emph{You should substitute @samp{i686} in the above command with the appropriate -processor for your host.} - -After the usual @samp{make bootstrap} and -@samp{make install}, you can then access the UDK-targeted GCC -tools by adding @command{udk-} before the commonly known name. For -example, to invoke the C compiler, you would use @command{udk-gcc}. -They will coexist peacefully with any native-target GCC tools you may -have installed. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-*-isc}i?86-*-isc -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -It may be a good idea to link with GNU malloc instead of the malloc that -comes with the system. - -In ISC version 4.1, @command{sed} core dumps when building -@file{deduced.h}. Use the version of @command{sed} from version 4.0. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-ibm-aix}i?86-ibm-aix -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -You need to use GAS version 2.1 or later, and LD from -GNU binutils version 2.2 or later. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-sequent-bsd}i?86-sequent-bsd -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -Go to the Berkeley universe before compiling. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ix86-sequent-ptx1*}i?86-sequent-ptx1*, i?86-sequent-ptx2*, i?86-sequent-sysv3* -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -You must install GNU @command{sed} before running @command{configure}. - -The @code{fixproto} shell script may trigger a bug in the system shell. -If you encounter this problem, upgrade your operating system or -use @command{bash} (the GNU shell) to run @code{fixproto}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{i860-intel-osf*}i860-intel-osf* -All support for the i860 processor is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -On the Intel Paragon (an i860 machine), if you are using operating -system version 1.0, you will get warnings or errors about redefinition -of @code{va_arg} when you build GCC@. - -If this happens, then you need to link most programs with the library -@file{iclib.a}. You must also modify @file{stdio.h} as follows: before -the lines - -@example -#if defined(__i860__) && !defined(_VA_LIST) -#include <va_list.h> -@end example - -@noindent -insert the line - -@example -#if __PGC__ -@end example - -@noindent -and after the lines - -@example -extern int vprintf(const char *, va_list ); -extern int vsprintf(char *, const char *, va_list ); -#endif -@end example - -@noindent -insert the line - -@example -#endif /* __PGC__ */ -@end example - -These problems don't exist in operating system version 1.1. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ia64-*-linux}ia64-*-linux -IA-64 processor (also known as IPF, or Itanium Processor Family) -running GNU/Linux. - -The toolchain is not completely finished, so requirements will continue -to change. -GCC 3.0.1 and later require glibc 2.2.4. -GCC 3.0.2 requires binutils from 2001-09-05 or later. -GCC 3.0.1 requires binutils 2.11.1 or later. - -None of the following versions of GCC has an ABI that is compatible -with any of the other versions in this list, with the exception that -Red Hat 2.96 and Trillian 000171 are compatible with each other: -3.0.2, 3.0.1, 3.0, Red Hat 2.96, and Trillian 000717. -This primarily affects C++ programs and programs that create shared libraries. -Because of these ABI incompatibilities, GCC 3.0.2 is not recommended for -user programs on GNU/Linux systems built using earlier compiler releases. -GCC 3.0.2 is recommended for compiling linux, the kernel. -GCC 3.0.2 is believed to be fully ABI compliant, and hence no more major -ABI changes are expected. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{*-lynx-lynxos}*-lynx-lynxos -LynxOS 2.2 and earlier comes with GCC 1.x already installed as -@file{/bin/gcc}. You should compile with this instead of @file{/bin/cc}. -You can tell GCC to use the GNU assembler and linker, by specifying -@samp{--with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld} when configuring. These will produce -COFF format object files and executables; otherwise GCC will use the -installed tools, which produce @file{a.out} format executables. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -<!-- rs6000-ibm-aix*, powerpc-ibm-aix* --> -@end html -@heading @anchor{*-ibm-aix*}*-ibm-aix* - -AIX Make frequently has problems with GCC makefiles. GNU Make 3.76 or -newer is recommended to build on this platform. - -Errors involving @code{alloca} when building GCC generally are due -to an incorrect definition of @code{CC} in the Makefile or mixing files -compiled with the native C compiler and GCC@. During the stage1 phase of -the build, the native AIX compiler @strong{must} be invoked as @command{cc} -(not @command{xlc}). Once @command{configure} has been informed of -@command{xlc}, one needs to use @samp{make distclean} to remove the -configure cache files and ensure that @env{CC} environment variable -does not provide a definition that will confuse @command{configure}. -If this error occurs during stage2 or later, then the problem most likely -is the version of Make (see above). - -The GNU Assembler incorrectly reports that it supports WEAK symbols on -AIX which causes GCC to try to utilize weak symbol functionality which -is not really supported on the platform. The native @command{as} and -@command{ld} still are recommended. The native AIX tools do -interoperate with GCC@. - -Building @file{libstdc++.a} requires a fix for a AIX Assembler bug -APAR IY26685 (AIX 4.3) or APAR IY25528 (AIX 5.1). - -Linking executables and shared libraries may produce warnings of -duplicate symbols. The assembly files generated by GCC for AIX always -have included multiple symbol definitions for certain global variable -and function declarations in the original program. The warnings should -not prevent the linker from producing a correct library or runnable -executable. - -AIX 4.3 utilizes a ``large format'' archive to support both 32-bit and -64-bit object modules. The routines provided in AIX 4.3.0 and AIX 4.3.1 -to parse archive libraries did not handle the new format correctly. -These routines are used by GCC and result in error messages during -linking such as ``not a COFF file''. The version of the routines shipped -with AIX 4.3.1 should work for a 32-bit environment. The @option{-g} -option of the archive command may be used to create archives of 32-bit -objects using the original ``small format''. A correct version of the -routines is shipped with AIX 4.3.2 and above. - -Some versions of the AIX binder (linker) can fail with a relocation -overflow severe error when the @option{-bbigtoc} option is used to link -GCC-produced object files into an executable that overflows the TOC@. A fix -for APAR IX75823 (OVERFLOW DURING LINK WHEN USING GCC AND -BBIGTOC) is -available from IBM Customer Support and from its -@uref{http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/,,techsupport.services.ibm.com} -website as PTF U455193. - -The AIX 4.3.2.1 linker (bos.rte.bind_cmds Level 4.3.2.1) will dump core -with a segmentation fault when invoked by any version of GCC@. A fix for -APAR IX87327 is available from IBM Customer Support and from its -@uref{http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/,,techsupport.services.ibm.com} -website as PTF U461879. This fix is incorporated in AIX 4.3.3 and above. - -The initial assembler shipped with AIX 4.3.0 generates incorrect object -files. A fix for APAR IX74254 (64BIT DISASSEMBLED OUTPUT FROM COMPILER FAILS -TO ASSEMBLE/BIND) is available from IBM Customer Support and from its -@uref{http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/,,techsupport.services.ibm.com} -website as PTF U453956. This fix is incorporated in AIX 4.3.1 and above. - -AIX provides National Language Support (NLS)@. Compilers and assemblers -use NLS to support locale-specific representations of various data -formats including floating-point numbers (e.g., @samp{.} vs @samp{,} for -separating decimal fractions). There have been problems reported where -GCC does not produce the same floating-point formats that the assembler -expects. If one encounters this problem, set the @env{LANG} -environment variable to @samp{C} or @samp{En_US}. - -By default, GCC for AIX 4.1 and above produces code that can be used on -both Power or PowerPC processors. - -A default can be specified with the @option{-mcpu=@var{cpu_type}} -switch and using the configure option @option{--with-cpu-@var{cpu_type}}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m32r-*-elf}m32r-*-elf -Mitsubishi M32R processor. -This configuration is intended for embedded systems. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68000-hp-bsd}m68000-hp-bsd -HP 9000 series 200 running BSD@. Note that the C compiler that comes -with this system cannot compile GCC; contact @email{law@@cygnus.com} -to get binaries of GCC for bootstrapping. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m6811-elf}m6811-elf -Motorola 68HC11 family micro controllers. These are used in embedded -applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m6812-elf}m6812-elf -Motorola 68HC12 family micro controllers. These are used in embedded -applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-altos}m68k-altos -Altos 3068. This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -You must use the GNU assembler, linker and debugger. -Also, you must fix a kernel bug. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-apple-aux}m68k-apple-aux -Apple Macintosh running A/UX@. -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -You may configure GCC to use either the system assembler and -linker or the GNU assembler and linker. You should use the GNU configuration -if you can, especially if you also want to use G++. You enable -that configuration with the @option{--with-gnu-as} and @option{--with-gnu-ld} -options to @code{configure}. - -Note the C compiler that comes -with this system cannot compile GCC@. You can find binaries of GCC -for bootstrapping on @code{jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov}. -You will also a patched version of @file{/bin/ld} there that -raises some of the arbitrary limits found in the original. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-att-sysv}m68k-att-sysv -AT&T 3b1, a.k.a.@: 7300 PC@. This version of GCC cannot -be compiled with the system C compiler, which is too buggy. -You will need to get a previous version of GCC and use it to -bootstrap. Binaries are available from the OSU-CIS archive, at -@uref{ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/att7300/}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-bull-sysv}m68k-bull-sysv -Bull DPX/2 series 200 and 300 with BOS-2.00.45 up to BOS-2.01. -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -GCC works -either with native assembler or GNU assembler. You can use -GNU assembler with native COFF generation by providing @option{--with-gnu-as} to -the configure script or use GNU assembler with stabs-in-COFF encapsulation -by providing @samp{--with-gnu-as --stabs}. For any problem with the native -assembler or for availability of the DPX/2 port of GAS, contact -@email{F.Pierresteguy@@frcl.bull.fr}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-crds-unos}m68k-crds-unos -Use @samp{configure unos} for building on Unos. - -The Unos assembler is named @code{casm} instead of @code{as}. For some -strange reason linking @file{/bin/as} to @file{/bin/casm} changes the -behavior, and does not work. So, when installing GCC, you should -install the following script as @file{as} in the subdirectory where -the passes of GCC are installed: - -@example -#!/bin/sh -casm $* -@end example - -The default Unos library is named @file{libunos.a} instead of -@file{libc.a}. To allow GCC to function, either change all -references to @option{-lc} in @file{gcc.c} to @option{-lunos} or link -@file{/lib/libc.a} to @file{/lib/libunos.a}. - -@cindex @code{alloca}, for Unos -When compiling GCC with the standard compiler, to overcome bugs in -the support of @code{alloca}, do not use @option{-O} when making stage 2. -Then use the stage 2 compiler with @option{-O} to make the stage 3 -compiler. This compiler will have the same characteristics as the usual -stage 2 compiler on other systems. Use it to make a stage 4 compiler -and compare that with stage 3 to verify proper compilation. - -(Perhaps simply defining @code{ALLOCA} in @file{x-crds} as described in -the comments there will make the above paragraph superfluous. Please -inform us of whether this works.) - -Unos uses memory segmentation instead of demand paging, so you will need -a lot of memory. 5 Mb is barely enough if no other tasks are running. -If linking @file{cc1} fails, try putting the object files into a library -and linking from that library. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-hp-hpux}m68k-hp-hpux -HP 9000 series 300 or 400 running HP-UX@. HP-UX version 8.0 has a bug in -the assembler that prevents compilation of GCC@. This -bug manifests itself during the first stage of compilation, while -building @file{libgcc2.a}: - -@smallexample -_floatdisf -cc1: warning: `-g' option not supported on this version of GCC -cc1: warning: `-g1' option not supported on this version of GCC -./xgcc: Internal compiler error: program as got fatal signal 11 -@end smallexample - -A patched version of the assembler is available as the file -@uref{ftp://altdorf.ai.mit.edu/archive/cph/hpux-8.0-assembler}. If you -have HP software support, the patch can also be obtained directly from -HP, as described in the following note: - -@quotation -This is the patched assembler, to patch SR#1653-010439, where the -assembler aborts on floating point constants. - -The bug is not really in the assembler, but in the shared library -version of the function ``cvtnum(3c)''. The bug on ``cvtnum(3c)'' is -SR#4701-078451. Anyway, the attached assembler uses the archive -library version of ``cvtnum(3c)'' and thus does not exhibit the bug. -@end quotation - -This patch is also known as PHCO_4484. - -In addition, if you wish to use gas, you must use -gas version 2.1 or later, and you must use the GNU linker version 2.1 or -later. Earlier versions of gas relied upon a program which converted the -gas output into the native HP-UX format, but that program has not been -kept up to date. gdb does not understand that native HP-UX format, so -you must use gas if you wish to use gdb. - -On HP-UX version 8.05, but not on 8.07 or more recent versions, the -@code{fixproto} shell script triggers a bug in the system shell. If you -encounter this problem, upgrade your operating system or use BASH (the -GNU shell) to run @code{fixproto}. This bug will cause the fixproto -program to report an error of the form: - -@example -./fixproto: sh internal 1K buffer overflow -@end example - -To fix this, you can also change the first line of the fixproto script -to look like: - -@example -#!/bin/ksh -@end example - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-*-nextstep*}m68k-*-nextstep* -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -Current GCC versions probably do not work on version 2 of the NeXT -operating system. - -On NeXTStep 3.0, the Objective-C compiler does not work, due, -apparently, to a kernel bug that it happens to trigger. This problem -does not happen on 3.1. - -You absolutely @strong{must} use GNU sed and GNU make on this platform. - - -On NeXTSTEP 3.x where x < 3 the build of GCC will abort during -stage1 with an error message like this: - -@example - _eh - /usr/tmp/ccbbsZ0U.s:987:Unknown pseudo-op: .section - /usr/tmp/ccbbsZ0U.s:987:Rest of line ignored. 1st junk character - valued 95 (_). -@end example - -The reason for this is the fact that NeXT's assembler for these -versions of the operating system does not support the @samp{.section} -pseudo op that's needed for full C++ exception functionality. - -As NeXT's assembler is a derived work from GNU as, a free -replacement that does can be obtained at -@uref{ftp://ftp.next.peak.org:/next-ftp/next/apps/devtools/as.3.3.NIHS.s.tar.gz,,ftp://ftp.next.peak.org:/next-ftp/next/apps/devtools/as.3.3.NIHS.s.tar.gz}. - -If you try to build the integrated C++ & C++ runtime libraries on this system -you will run into trouble with include files. The way to get around this is -to use the following sequence. Note you must have write permission to -the directory @var{prefix} you specified in the configuration process of GCC -for this sequence to work. - -@example - cd bld-gcc - make all-texinfo all-bison all-byacc all-binutils all-gas all-ld - cd gcc - make bootstrap - make install-headers-tar - cd .. - make bootstrap3 -@end example - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-ncr-*}m68k-ncr-* -On the Tower models 4@var{n}0 and 6@var{n}0, by default a process is not -allowed to have more than one megabyte of memory. GCC cannot compile -itself (or many other programs) with @option{-O} in that much memory. - -To solve this problem, reconfigure the kernel adding the following line -to the configuration file: - -@smallexample -MAXUMEM = 4096 -@end smallexample - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-sun}m68k-sun -Sun 3. We do not provide a configuration file to use the Sun FPA by -default, because programs that establish signal handlers for floating -point traps inherently cannot work with the FPA@. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m68k-sun-sunos4.1.1}m68k-sun-sunos4.1.1 - -It is reported that you may need the GNU assembler on this platform. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m88k-*-svr3}m88k-*-svr3 -Motorola m88k running the AT&T/Unisoft/Motorola V.3 reference port. -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -These systems tend to use the Green Hills C, revision 1.8.5, as the -standard C compiler. There are apparently bugs in this compiler that -result in object files differences between stage 2 and stage 3. If this -happens, make the stage 4 compiler and compare it to the stage 3 -compiler. If the stage 3 and stage 4 object files are identical, this -suggests you encountered a problem with the standard C compiler; the -stage 3 and 4 compilers may be usable. - -It is best, however, to use an older version of GCC for bootstrapping -if you have one. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m88k-*-dgux}m88k-*-dgux -Motorola m88k running DG/UX@. -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -To build 88open BCS native or cross -compilers on DG/UX, specify the configuration name as -@samp{m88k-*-dguxbcs} and build in the 88open BCS software development -environment. To build ELF native or cross compilers on DG/UX, specify -@samp{m88k-*-dgux} and build in the DG/UX ELF development environment. -You set the software development environment by issuing -@samp{sde-target} command and specifying either @samp{m88kbcs} or -@samp{m88kdguxelf} as the operand. - -If you do not specify a configuration name, @file{configure} guesses the -configuration based on the current software development environment. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{m88k-tektronix-sysv3}m88k-tektronix-sysv3 -Tektronix XD88 running UTekV 3.2e. -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -Do not turn on -optimization while building stage1 if you bootstrap with -the buggy Green Hills compiler. Also, the bundled LAI -System V NFS is buggy so if you build in an NFS mounted -directory, start from a fresh reboot, or avoid NFS all together. -Otherwise you may have trouble getting clean comparisons -between stages. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{mips-*-*}mips-*-* -If you use the 1.31 version of the MIPS assembler (such as was shipped -with Ultrix 3.1), you will need to use the @option{-fno-delayed-branch} switch -when optimizing floating point code. Otherwise, the assembler will -complain when the GCC compiler fills a branch delay slot with a -floating point instruction, such as @code{add.d}. - -If on a MIPS system you get an error message saying ``does not have gp -sections for all it's [sic] sectons [sic]'', don't worry about it. This -happens whenever you use GAS with the MIPS linker, but there is not -really anything wrong, and it is okay to use the output file. You can -stop such warnings by installing the GNU linker. - -It would be nice to extend GAS to produce the gp tables, but they are -optional, and there should not be a warning about their absence. - -Users have reported some problems with version 2.0 of the MIPS -compiler tools that were shipped with Ultrix 4.1. Version 2.10 -which came with Ultrix 4.2 seems to work fine. - -Users have also reported some problems with version 2.20 of the -MIPS compiler tools that were shipped with RISC/os 4.x. The earlier -version 2.11 seems to work fine. - -Some versions of the MIPS linker will issue an assertion failure -when linking code that uses @code{alloca} against shared -libraries on RISC-OS 5.0, and DEC's OSF/1 systems. This is a bug -in the linker, that is supposed to be fixed in future revisions. -To protect against this, GCC passes @option{-non_shared} to the -linker unless you pass an explicit @option{-shared} or -@option{-call_shared} switch. - -@heading @anchor{mips-mips-bsd}mips-mips-bsd -MIPS machines running the MIPS operating system in BSD mode. -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -It's possible that some old versions of the system lack the functions -@code{memcpy}, @code{memmove}, @code{memcmp}, and @code{memset}. If your -system lacks these, you must remove or undo the definition of -@code{TARGET_MEM_FUNCTIONS} in @file{mips-bsd.h}. - -If you use the MIPS C compiler to bootstrap, it may be necessary -to increase its table size for switch statements with the -@option{-Wf,-XNg1500} option. If you use the @option{-O2} -optimization option, you also need to use @option{-Olimit 3000}. -Both of these options are automatically generated in the -@file{Makefile} that the shell script @file{configure} builds. -If you override the @code{CC} make variable and use the MIPS -compilers, you may need to add @option{-Wf,-XNg1500 -Olimit 3000}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{mips-dec-*}mips-dec-* -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -MIPS-based DECstations can support three different personalities: -Ultrix, DEC OSF/1, and OSF/rose. (Alpha-based DECstation products have -a configuration name beginning with @samp{alpha*-dec}.) To configure GCC -for these platforms use the following configurations: - -@table @samp -@item mips-dec-ultrix -Ultrix configuration. - -@item mips-dec-osf1 -DEC's version of OSF/1. - -@item mips-dec-osfrose -Open Software Foundation reference port of OSF/1 which uses the -OSF/rose object file format instead of ECOFF@. Normally, you -would not select this configuration. -@end table - -If you use the MIPS C compiler to bootstrap, it may be necessary -to increase its table size for switch statements with the -@option{-Wf,-XNg1500} option. If you use the @option{-O2} -optimization option, you also need to use @option{-Olimit 3000}. -Both of these options are automatically generated in the -@file{Makefile} that the shell script @file{configure} builds. -If you override the @code{CC} make variable and use the MIPS -compilers, you may need to add @option{-Wf,-XNg1500 -Olimit 3000}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{mips-mips-riscos*}mips-mips-riscos* -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -If you use the MIPS C compiler to bootstrap, it may be necessary -to increase its table size for switch statements with the -@option{-Wf,-XNg1500} option. If you use the @option{-O2} -optimization option, you also need to use @option{-Olimit 3000}. -Both of these options are automatically generated in the -@file{Makefile} that the shell script @file{configure} builds. -If you override the @code{CC} make variable and use the MIPS -compilers, you may need to add @samp{-Wf,-XNg1500 -Olimit 3000}. - -MIPS computers running RISC-OS can support four different -personalities: default, BSD 4.3, System V.3, and System V.4 -(older versions of RISC-OS don't support V.4). To configure GCC -for these platforms use the following configurations: - -@table @samp -@item mips-mips-riscos@var{rev} -Default configuration for RISC-OS, revision @var{rev}. - -@item mips-mips-riscos@var{rev}bsd -BSD 4.3 configuration for RISC-OS, revision @var{rev}. - -@item mips-mips-riscos@var{rev}sysv4 -System V.4 configuration for RISC-OS, revision @var{rev}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@item mips-mips-riscos@var{rev}sysv -System V.3 configuration for RISC-OS, revision @var{rev}. -@end table - -The revision @code{rev} mentioned above is the revision of -RISC-OS to use. You must reconfigure GCC when going from a -RISC-OS revision 4 to RISC-OS revision 5. This has the effect of -avoiding a linker bug. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{mips-sgi-irix4}mips-sgi-irix4 -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -In order to compile GCC on an SGI running IRIX 4, the ``c.hdr.lib'' -option must be installed from the CD-ROM supplied from Silicon Graphics. -This is found on the 2nd CD in release 4.0.1. - -On IRIX version 4.0.5F, and perhaps on some other versions as well, -there is an assembler bug that reorders instructions incorrectly. To -work around it, specify the target configuration -@samp{mips-sgi-irix4loser}. This configuration inhibits assembler -optimization. - -In a compiler configured with target @samp{mips-sgi-irix4}, you can turn -off assembler optimization by using the @option{-noasmopt} option. This -compiler option passes the option @option{-O0} to the assembler, to -inhibit reordering. - -The @option{-noasmopt} option can be useful for testing whether a problem -is due to erroneous assembler reordering. Even if a problem does not go -away with @option{-noasmopt}, it may still be due to assembler -reordering---perhaps GCC itself was miscompiled as a result. - -You may get the following warning on IRIX 4 platforms, it can be safely -ignored. -@example - warning: foo.o does not have gp tables for all its sections. -@end example - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{mips-sgi-irix5}mips-sgi-irix5 - -This configuration has considerable problems, which will be fixed in a -future release. - -In order to compile GCC on an SGI running IRIX 5, the ``compiler_dev.hdr'' -subsystem must be installed from the IDO CD-ROM supplied by Silicon -Graphics. It is also available for download from -@uref{http://www.sgi.com/developers/devtools/apis/ido.html,,http://www.sgi.com/developers/devtools/apis/ido.html}. - -@code{make compare} may fail on version 5 of IRIX unless you add -@option{-save-temps} to @code{CFLAGS}. On these systems, the name of the -assembler input file is stored in the object file, and that makes -comparison fail if it differs between the @code{stage1} and -@code{stage2} compilations. The option @option{-save-temps} forces a -fixed name to be used for the assembler input file, instead of a -randomly chosen name in @file{/tmp}. Do not add @option{-save-temps} -unless the comparisons fail without that option. If you do you -@option{-save-temps}, you will have to manually delete the @samp{.i} and -@samp{.s} files after each series of compilations. - -If you use the MIPS C compiler to bootstrap, it may be necessary -to increase its table size for switch statements with the -@option{-Wf,-XNg1500} option. If you use the @option{-O2} -optimization option, you also need to use @option{-Olimit 3000}. - -To enable debugging under IRIX 5, you must use GNU @command{as} 2.11.2 -or later, -and use the @option{--with-gnu-as} configure option when configuring GCC. -GNU @command{as} is distributed as part of the binutils package. -When using release 2.11.2, you need to apply a patch -@uref{http://sources.redhat.com/ml/binutils/2001-07/msg00352.html,,http://sources.redhat.com/ml/binutils/2001-07/msg00352.html} -which will be included in the next release of binutils. - -When building GCC, the build process loops rebuilding @command{cc1} over -and over again. This happens on @samp{mips-sgi-irix5.2}, and possibly -other platforms. It has been reported that this is a known bug in the -@command{make} shipped with IRIX 5.2. We recommend you use GNU -@command{make} instead of the vendor supplied @command{make} program; -however, you may have success with @command{smake} on IRIX 5.2 if you do -not have GNU @command{make} available. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{mips-sgi-irix6}mips-sgi-irix6 - -If you are using IRIX @command{cc} as your bootstrap compiler, you must -ensure that the N32 ABI is in use. To test this, compile a simple C -file with @command{cc} and then run @command{file} on the -resulting object file. The output should look like: - -@example -test.o: ELF N32 MSB @dots{} -@end example - -If you see: - -@example -test.o: ELF 32-bit MSB @dots{} -@end example - -or - -@example -test.o: ELF 64-bit MSB @dots{} -@end example - -then your version of @command{cc} uses the O32 or N64 ABI by default. You -should set the environment variable @env{CC} to @samp{cc -n32} -before configuring GCC@. - -GCC on IRIX 6 is usually built to support both the N32 and N64 ABIs. If -you build GCC on a system that doesn't have the N64 libraries installed, -you need to configure with @option{--disable-multilib} so GCC doesn't -try to use them. Look for @file{/usr/lib64/libc.so.1} to see if you -have the 64-bit libraries installed. - -You must @emph{not} use GNU @command{as} (which isn't built anyway as of -binutils 2.11.2) on IRIX 6 platforms; doing so will only cause problems. - -GCC does not currently support generating O32 ABI binaries in the -@samp{mips-sgi-irix6} configurations. It is possible to create a GCC -with O32 ABI only support by configuring it for the @samp{mips-sgi-irix5} -target and using a patched GNU @command{as} 2.11.2 as documented in the -@uref{#mips-sgi-irix5,,@samp{mips-sgi-irix5}} section above. Using the -native assembler requires patches to GCC which will be included in a -future release. It is -expected that O32 ABI support will be available again in a future release. - -The @option{--enable-threads} option doesn't currently work, a patch is -in preparation for a future release. The @option{--enable-libgcj} -option is disabled by default: IRIX 6 uses a very low default limit -(20480) for the command line length. Although libtool contains a -workaround for this problem, at least the N64 @samp{libgcj} is known not -to build despite this, running into an internal error of the native -@command{ld}. A sure fix is to increase this limit (@samp{ncargs}) to -its maximum of 262144 bytes. If you have root access, you can use the -@command{systune} command to do this. - -GCC does not correctly pass/return structures which are -smaller than 16 bytes and which are not 8 bytes. The problem is very -involved and difficult to fix. It affects a number of other targets also, -but IRIX 6 is affected the most, because it is a 64 bit target, and 4 byte -structures are common. The exact problem is that structures are being padded -at the wrong end, e.g.@: a 4 byte structure is loaded into the lower 4 bytes -of the register when it should be loaded into the upper 4 bytes of the -register. - -GCC is consistent with itself, but not consistent with the SGI C compiler -(and the SGI supplied runtime libraries), so the only failures that can -happen are when there are library functions that take/return such -structures. There are very few such library functions. Currently this -is known to affect @code{inet_ntoa}, @code{inet_lnaof}, -@code{inet_netof}, @code{inet_makeaddr}, and @code{semctl}. Until the -bug is fixed, GCC contains workarounds for the known affected functions. - -See @uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/,,http://freeware.sgi.com/} for more -information about using GCC on IRIX platforms. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{mips-sony-sysv}mips-sony-sysv -Sony MIPS NEWS@. This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -This works in NEWSOS 5.0.1, but not in 5.0.2 (which uses ELF instead of -COFF)@. In particular, the linker does not like the code generated by -GCC when shared libraries are linked in. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ns32k-encore}ns32k-encore -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -Encore ns32000 system. Encore systems are supported only under BSD@. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ns32k-*-genix}ns32k-*-genix -National Semiconductor ns32000 system. This configuration is obsoleted -in GCC 3.1. - -Genix has bugs in @code{alloca} and @code{malloc}; you must get the -compiled versions of these from GNU Emacs. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ns32k-sequent}ns32k-sequent -This configuration is obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -Go to the Berkeley universe before compiling. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{ns32k-utek}ns32k-utek -UTEK ns32000 system (``merlin''). This configuration is obsoleted in -GCC 3.1. - -The C compiler that comes with this system cannot compile GCC; contact -@samp{tektronix!reed!mason} to get binaries of GCC for bootstrapping. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc*-*-*}powerpc-*-* - -You can specify a default version for the @option{-mcpu=@var{cpu_type}} -switch by using the configure option @option{--with-cpu-@var{cpu_type}}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc-*-darwin*}powerpc-*-darwin* -PowerPC running Darwin (Mac OS X kernel). - -GCC 3.0 does not support Darwin, but 3.1 and later releases will work. - -Pre-installed versions of Mac OS X may not include any developer tools, -meaning that you will not be able to build GCC from source. Tool -binaries are available at -@uref{http://www.opensource.apple.com/projects/darwin} (free -registration required). - -Versions of the assembler prior to ``cctools-364'' cannot handle the -4-argument form of rlwinm and related mask-using instructions. Darwin -1.3 (Mac OS X 10.0) uses cctools-353 for instance. To get cctools-364, -check out @file{cctools} with tag @samp{Apple-364}, build it, and -install the assembler as @file{usr/bin/as}. See -@uref{http://www.opensource.apple.com/tools/cvs/docs.html} for details. - -Also, the default stack limit of 512K is too small, and a bootstrap will -typically fail when self-compiling @file{expr.c}. Set the stack to 800K -or more, for instance by doing @samp{limit stack 800}. It's also -convenient to use the GNU preprocessor instead of Apple's during the -first stage of bootstrapping; this is automatic when doing @samp{make -bootstrap}, but to do it from the toplevel objdir you will need to say -@samp{make CC='cc -no-cpp-precomp' bootstrap}. - -Note that the version of GCC shipped by Apple typically includes a -number of extensions not available in a standard GCC release. These -extensions are generally specific to Mac programming. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc-*-elf}powerpc-*-elf, powerpc-*-sysv4 -PowerPC system in big endian mode, running System V.4. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc-*-linux-gnu*}powerpc-*-linux-gnu* - -You will need -@uref{ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils,,binutils 2.12.90.0.7} -or newer for a working GCC@. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc-*-netbsd*}powerpc-*-netbsd* -PowerPC system in big endian mode running NetBSD@. To build the -documentation you will need Texinfo version 4.1 (NetBSD 1.5.1 included -Texinfo version 3.12). - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc-*-eabiaix}powerpc-*-eabiaix -Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode with @option{-mcall-aix} selected as -the default. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc-*-eabisim}powerpc-*-eabisim -Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode for use in running under the -PSIM simulator. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpc-*-eabi}powerpc-*-eabi -Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpcle-*-elf}powerpcle-*-elf, powerpcle-*-sysv4 -PowerPC system in little endian mode, running System V.4. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpcle-*-eabisim}powerpcle-*-eabisim -Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode for use in running under -the PSIM simulator. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpcle-*-eabi}powerpcle-*-eabi -Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{powerpcle-*-winnt}powerpcle-*-winnt, powerpcle-*-pe -PowerPC system in little endian mode running Windows NT@. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{romp-*-aos}romp-*-aos, romp-*-mach -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -We recommend you compile GCC with an earlier version of itself; if you -compile GCC with @command{hc}, the Metaware compiler, it will work, but -you will get mismatches between the stage 2 and stage 3 compilers in -various files. These errors are minor differences in some -floating-point constants and can be safely ignored; the stage 3 compiler -is correct. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{s390-*-linux*}s390-*-linux* -S/390 system running Linux for S/390@. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{s390x-*-linux*}s390x-*-linux* -zSeries system (64 Bit) running Linux for zSeries@. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@c Please use Solaris 2 to refer to all release of Solaris, starting -@c with 2.0 until 2.6, 7, and 8. Solaris 1 was a marketing name for -@c SunOS 4 releases which we don't use to avoid confusion. Solaris -@c alone is too unspecific and must be avoided. -@heading @anchor{*-*-solaris2*}*-*-solaris2* - -Sun does not ship a C compiler with Solaris 2. To bootstrap and install -GCC you first have to install a pre-built compiler, see our -@uref{binaries.html,,binaries page} for details. - -The Solaris 2 @command{/bin/sh} will often fail to configure -@file{libstdc++-v3}, @file{boehm-gc} or -@file{libjava}. If you encounter this problem, set @env{CONFIG_SHELL} to -@command{/bin/ksh} in your environment and run @command{make bootstrap} again. -Another possibility that sometimes helps is to remove -@file{*-*-solaris2*/config.cache}. - -Solaris 2 comes with a number of optional OS packages. Some of these -packages are needed to use GCC fully, namely @code{SUNWarc}, -@code{SUNWbtool}, @code{SUNWesu}, @code{SUNWhea}, @code{SUNWlibm}, -@code{SUNWsprot}, and @code{SUNWtoo}. If you did not install all -optional packages when installing Solaris 2, you will need to verify that -the packages that GCC needs are installed. - -To check whether an optional package is installed, use -the @command{pkginfo} command. To add an optional package, use the -@command{pkgadd} command. For further details, see the Solaris 2 -documentation. - -Trying to use the linker and other tools in -@file{/usr/ucb} to install GCC has been observed to cause trouble. -For example, the linker may hang indefinitely. The fix is to remove -@file{/usr/ucb} from your @env{PATH}. - -All releases of GNU binutils prior to 2.11.2 have known bugs on this -platform. We recommend the use of GNU binutils 2.11.2 or the vendor -tools (Sun @command{as}, Sun @command{ld}). - -Sun bug 4296832 turns up when compiling X11 headers with GCC 2.95 or -newer: @command{g++} will complain that types are missing. These headers assume -that omitting the type means @code{int}; this assumption worked for C89 but -is wrong for C++, and is now wrong for C99 also. - -@command{g++} accepts such (invalid) constructs with the option -@option{-fpermissive}; it -will assume that any missing type is @code{int} (as defined by C89). - -There are patches for Solaris 2.6 (105633-56 or newer for SPARC, -106248-42 or newer for Intel), Solaris 7 (108376-21 or newer for SPARC, -108377-20 for Intel), and Solaris 8 (108652-24 or newer for SPARC, -108653-22 for Intel) that fix this bug. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{sparc-sun-solaris2*}sparc-sun-solaris2* - -When GCC is configured to use binutils 2.11.2 or later the binaries -produced are smaller than the ones produced using Sun's native tools; -this difference is quite significant for binaries containing debugging -information. - -Sun @command{as} 4.x is broken in that it cannot cope with long symbol names. -A typical error message might look similar to the following: - -@samp{/usr/ccs/bin/as: "/var/tmp/ccMsw135.s", line 11041: -error: can't compute value of an expression involving an external symbol.} - -This is Sun bug 4237974. This is fixed with patch 108908-02 for Solaris -2.6 and has been fixed in later (5.x) versions of the assembler, -starting with Solaris 7. - -Starting with Solaris 7, the operating system is capable of executing -64-bit SPARC V9 binaries. GCC 3.1 and later properly supports -this; the @option{-m64} option enables 64-bit code generation. -However, if all you want is code tuned for the UltraSPARC CPU, you -should try the @option{-mtune=ultrasparc} option instead, which produces -code that, unlike full 64-bit code, can still run on non-UltraSPARC -machines. - -When configuring on a Solaris 7 or later system that is running a kernel -that supports only 32-bit binaries, one must configure with -@option{--disable-multilib}, since we will not be able to build the -64-bit target libraries. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{sparc-sun-solaris2.7}sparc-sun-solaris2.7 - -Sun patch 107058-01 (1999-01-13) for Solaris 7/SPARC triggers a bug in -the dynamic linker. This problem (Sun bug 4210064) affects GCC 2.8 -and later, including all EGCS releases. Sun formerly recommended -107058-01 for all Solaris 7 users, but around 1999-09-01 it started to -recommend it only for people who use Sun's compilers. - -Here are some workarounds to this problem: -@itemize @bullet -@item -Do not install Sun patch 107058-01 until after Sun releases a -complete patch for bug 4210064. This is the simplest course to take, -unless you must also use Sun's C compiler. Unfortunately 107058-01 -is preinstalled on some new Solaris 7-based hosts, so you may have to -back it out. - -@item -Copy the original, unpatched Solaris 7 -@command{/usr/ccs/bin/as} into -@command{/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.7/3.1/as}, -adjusting the latter name to fit your local conventions and software -version numbers. - -@item -Install Sun patch 106950-03 (1999-05-25) or later. Nobody with -both 107058-01 and 106950-03 installed has reported the bug with GCC -and Sun's dynamic linker. This last course of action is riskiest, -for two reasons. First, you must install 106950 on all hosts that -run code generated by GCC; it doesn't suffice to install it only on -the hosts that run GCC itself. Second, Sun says that 106950-03 is -only a partial fix for bug 4210064, but Sun doesn't know whether the -partial fix is adequate for GCC@. Revision -08 or later should fix -the bug. The current (as of 2001-09-24) revision is -14, and is included in -the Solaris 7 Recommended Patch Cluster. -@end itemize - - -@html -<p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{sparc-sun-sunos4*}sparc-sun-sunos4* - -A bug in the SunOS 4 linker will cause it to crash when linking -@option{-fPIC} compiled objects (and will therefore not allow you to build -shared libraries). - -To fix this problem you can either use the most recent version of -binutils or get the latest SunOS 4 linker patch (patch ID 100170-10) -from Sun's patch site. - -Sometimes on a Sun 4 you may observe a crash in the program -@command{genflags} or @command{genoutput} while building GCC. This is said to -be due to a bug in @command{sh}. You can probably get around it by running -@command{genflags} or @command{genoutput} manually and then retrying the -@command{make}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{sparc-unknown-linux-gnulibc1}sparc-unknown-linux-gnulibc1 - -It has been reported that you might need -@uref{ftp://ftp.yggdrasil.com/private/hjl,,binutils 2.8.1.0.23} -for this platform, too. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{sparc-*-linux*}sparc-*-linux* - -GCC versions 3.0 and higher require binutils 2.11.2 and glibc 2.2.4 -or newer on this platform. All earlier binutils and glibc -releases mishandled unaligned relocations on @code{sparc-*-*} targets. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{sparc64-*-*}sparc64-*-* - -GCC version 2.95 is not able to compile code correctly for -@code{sparc64} targets. Users of the Linux kernel, at least, -can use the @code{sparc32} program to start up a new shell -invocation with an environment that causes @command{configure} to -recognize (via @samp{uname -a}) the system as @samp{sparc-*-*} instead. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{sparcv9-*-solaris2*}sparcv9-*-solaris2* - -The following compiler flags must be specified in the configure -step in order to bootstrap this target with the Sun compiler: - -@example - % CC="cc -xildoff -xarch=v9" @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}] -@end example - -@option{-xildoff} turns off the incremental linker, and @option{-xarch=v9} -specifies the v9 architecture to the Sun linker and assembler. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{#*-*-sysv*}*-*-sysv* -On System V release 3, you may get this error message -while linking: - -@smallexample -ld fatal: failed to write symbol name @var{something} - in strings table for file @var{whatever} -@end smallexample - -This probably indicates that the disk is full or your ulimit won't allow -the file to be as large as it needs to be. - -This problem can also result because the kernel parameter @code{MAXUMEM} -is too small. If so, you must regenerate the kernel and make the value -much larger. The default value is reported to be 1024; a value of 32768 -is said to work. Smaller values may also work. - -On System V, if you get an error like this, - -@example -/usr/local/lib/bison.simple: In function `yyparse': -/usr/local/lib/bison.simple:625: virtual memory exhausted -@end example - -@noindent -that too indicates a problem with disk space, ulimit, or @code{MAXUMEM}. - -On a System V release 4 system, make sure @file{/usr/bin} precedes -@file{/usr/ucb} in @code{PATH}. The @code{cc} command in -@file{/usr/ucb} uses libraries which have bugs. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{vax-dec-ultrix}vax-dec-ultrix -Don't try compiling with VAX C (@code{vcc}). It produces incorrect code -in some cases (for example, when @code{alloca} is used). - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{we32k-*-*}we32k-*-* -These computers are also known as the 3b2, 3b5, 3b20 and other similar -names. (However, the 3b1 is actually a 68000.) -These configurations are obsoleted in GCC 3.1. - -Don't use @option{-g} when compiling with the system's compiler. The -system's linker seems to be unable to handle such a large program with -debugging information. - -The system's compiler runs out of capacity when compiling @file{stmt.c} -in GCC@. You can work around this by building @file{cpp} in GCC -first, then use that instead of the system's preprocessor with the -system's C compiler to compile @file{stmt.c}. Here is how: - -@smallexample -mv /lib/cpp /lib/cpp.att -cp cpp /lib/cpp.gnu -echo '/lib/cpp.gnu -traditional $@{1+"$@@"@}' > /lib/cpp -chmod +x /lib/cpp -@end smallexample - -The system's compiler produces bad code for some of the GCC -optimization files. So you must build the stage 2 compiler without -optimization. Then build a stage 3 compiler with optimization. -That executable should work. Here are the necessary commands: - -@smallexample -make LANGUAGES=c CC=stage1/xgcc CFLAGS="-Bstage1/ -g" -make stage2 -make CC=stage2/xgcc CFLAGS="-Bstage2/ -g -O" -@end smallexample - -You may need to raise the ULIMIT setting to build a C++ compiler, -as the file @file{cc1plus} is larger than one megabyte. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{xtensa-*-elf}xtensa-*-elf - -This target is intended for embedded Xtensa systems using the -@samp{newlib} C library. It uses ELF but does not support shared -objects. Designed-defined instructions specified via the -Tensilica Instruction Extension (TIE) language are only supported -through inline assembly. - -The Xtensa configuration information must be specified prior to -building GCC@. The @file{gcc/config/xtensa/xtensa-config.h} header -file contains the configuration information. If you created your -own Xtensa configuration with the Xtensa Processor Generator, the -downloaded files include a customized copy of this header file, -which you can use to replace the default header file. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{xtensa-*-linux*}xtensa-*-linux* - -This target is for Xtensa systems running GNU/Linux. It supports ELF -shared objects and the GNU C library (glibc). It also generates -position-independent code (PIC) regardless of whether the -@option{-fpic} or @option{-fPIC} options are used. In other -respects, this target is the same as the -@uref{#xtensa-*-elf,,@samp{xtensa-*-elf}} target. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{windows}Microsoft Windows (32 bit) - -A port of GCC 2.95.x is included with the -@uref{http://www.cygwin.com/,,Cygwin environment}. - -Current (as of early 2001) snapshots of GCC will build under Cygwin -without modification. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{os2}OS/2 - -GCC does not currently support OS/2. However, Andrew Zabolotny has been -working on a generic OS/2 port with pgcc. The current code can be found -at @uref{http://www.goof.com/pcg/os2/,,http://www.goof.com/pcg/os2/}. - -An older copy of GCC 2.8.1 is included with the EMX tools available at -@uref{ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/devtools/emx+gcc/,, -ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/devtools/emx+gcc/}. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{older}Older systems - -GCC contains support files for many older (1980s and early -1990s) Unix variants. For the most part, support for these systems -has not been deliberately removed, but it has not been maintained for -several years and may suffer from bitrot. Support from some systems -has been removed from GCC 3: fx80, ns32-ns-genix, pyramid, tahoe, -gmicro, spur; most of these targets had not been updated since GCC -version 1. - -We are planning to remove support for more older systems, starting in -GCC 3.1. Each release will have a list of ``obsoleted'' systems. -Support for these systems is still present in that release, but -@command{configure} will fail unless the @option{--enable-obsolete} -option is given. Unless a maintainer steps forward, support for -these systems will be removed from the next release of GCC@. - -Support for older systems as targets for cross-compilation is less -problematic than support for them as hosts for GCC; if an enthusiast -wishes to make such a target work again (including resurrecting any -of the targets that never worked with GCC 2, starting from the last -CVS version before they were removed), patches -@uref{../contribute.html,,following the usual requirements} -would be likely to be accepted, since they should not affect the -support for more modern targets. - -Support for old systems as hosts for GCC can cause problems if the -workarounds for compiler, library and operating system bugs affect the -cleanliness or maintainability of the rest of GCC@. In some cases, to -bring GCC up on such a system, if still possible with current GCC, may -require first installing an old version of GCC which did work on that -system, and using it to compile a more recent GCC, to avoid bugs in -the vendor compiler. Old releases of GCC 1 and GCC 2 are available in -the @file{old-releases} directory on the -@uref{../mirrors.html,,GCC mirror sites}. Header bugs may generally -be avoided using @command{fixincludes}, but bugs or deficiencies in -libraries and the operating system may still cause problems. - -For some systems, old versions of GNU binutils may also be useful, -and are available from @file{pub/binutils/old-releases} on -@uref{http://sources.redhat.com/mirrors.html,,sources.redhat.com mirror sites}. - -Some of the information on specific systems above relates to -such older systems, but much of the information -about GCC on such systems (which may no longer be applicable to -current GCC) is to be found in the GCC texinfo manual. - -@html -</p> -<hr> -@end html -@heading @anchor{elf_targets}all ELF targets (SVR4, Solaris 2, etc.) - -C++ support is significantly better on ELF targets if you use the -@uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-ld,,GNU linker}; duplicate copies of -inlines, vtables and template instantiations will be discarded -automatically. - - -@html -</p> -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***Old documentation****************************************************** -@ifset oldhtml -@include install-old.texi -@html -</p> -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c ***GFDL******************************************************************** -@ifset gfdlhtml -@include fdl.texi -@html -</p> -<hr> -<p> -@end html -@ifhtml -@uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page} -@end ifhtml -@end ifset - -@c *************************************************************************** -@c Part 6 The End of the Document -@ifinfo -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@node Concept Index, , GNU Free Documentation License, Top -@end ifinfo - -@ifinfo -@unnumbered Concept Index - -@printindex cp - -@contents -@end ifinfo -@bye diff --git a/contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi2html b/contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi2html deleted file mode 100755 index 3917e2af33e8..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/doc/install.texi2html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ -#!/bin/sh -# -# Convert the GCC install documentation from texinfo format to HTML. -# -# $SOURCEDIR and $DESTDIR, resp., refer to the directory containing -# the texinfo source and the directory to put the HTML version in. -# -# (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation -# Originally by Gerald Pfeifer <pfeifer@dbai.tuwien.ac.at>, June 2001. -# -# This script is Free Software, and it can be copied, distributed and -# modified as defined in the GNU General Public License. A copy of -# its license can be downloaded from http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html - -SOURCEDIR=${SOURCEDIR-.} -DESTDIR=${DESTDIR-HTML} - -MAKEINFO=${MAKEINFO-makeinfo} - -if [ ! -d $DESTDIR ]; then - mkdir -p $DESTDIR -fi - -for x in index.html specific.html download.html configure.html \ - build.html test.html finalinstall.html binaries.html old.html \ - gfdl.html -do - define=`echo $x | sed -e 's/\.//g'` - echo "define = $define" - $MAKEINFO -I $SOURCEDIR -I $SOURCEDIR/include $SOURCEDIR/install.texi --html --no-split -D$define -o$DESTDIR/$x -done diff --git a/contrib/gcc/f/g77.1 b/contrib/gcc/f/g77.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 3f20af9fffd4..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/f/g77.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,365 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1995-1997 Free Software Foundation -*-Text-*- -.\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution -.\" FIXME: no info here on predefines. Should there be? extra for F77... -.TH G77 1 "1999-02-14" "GNU Tools" "GNU Tools" -.de BP -.sp -.ti \-.2i -\(** -.. -.SH NAME -g77 \- GNU project Fortran Compiler (v0.5.24) -.SH SYNOPSIS -.RB g77 " [" \c -.IR option " | " "filename " ].\|.\|. -.SH WARNING -The information in this man page is an extract from the full -documentation of the GNU Fortran compiler (version 0.5.24), -and is limited to the meaning of some of the options. -.PP -This man page is not up to date, since no volunteers want to -maintain it. If you find a discrepancy between the man page and the -software, please check the Info file, which is the authoritative -documentation. -.\" .PP -.\" The version of GNU Fortran documented by the Info file is 0.5.24, -.\" which includes substantial improvements and changes since 0.5.24, -.\" the version documented in this man page. -.PP -If we find that the things in this man page that are out of date cause -significant confusion or complaints, we will stop distributing the man -page. The alternative, updating the man page when we update the Info -file, is impractical because the rest of the work of maintaining GNU Fortran -leaves us no time for that. The GNU project regards man pages as -obsolete and should not let them take time away from other things. -.PP -For complete and current documentation, refer to the Info file `\|\c -.B g77\c -\&\|' or the manual -.I -Using and Porting GNU Fortran (for version 0.5.24)\c -\&. Both are made from the Texinfo source file -.BR g77.texi . -.PP -If your system has the `\|\c -.B info\c -\&\|' command installed, the command `\|\c -.B info g77\c -\&\|' should work, unless -.B g77 -has not been properly installed. -If your system lacks `\|\c -.B info\c -\&\|', or you wish to avoid using it for now, -the command `\|\c -.B more /usr/info/g77.info*\c -\&\|' should work, unless -.B g77 -has not been properly installed. -.PP -If -.B g77 -has not been properly installed, so that you -cannot easily access the Info file for it, -ask your system administrator, or the installer -of -.B g77 -(if you know who that is) to fix the problem. -.SH DESCRIPTION -The C and F77 compilers are integrated; -.B g77 -is a program to call -.B gcc -with options to recognize programs written in Fortran (ANSI FORTRAN 77, -also called F77). -.B gcc -processes input files -through one or more of four stages: preprocessing, compilation, -assembly, and linking. This man page contains full descriptions for -.I only -F77-specific aspects of the compiler, though it also contains -summaries of some general-purpose options. For a fuller explanation -of the compiler, see -.BR gcc ( 1 ). - -For complete documentation on GNU Fortran, type `\|\c -.B info g77\c -\&\|'. - -F77 source files use the suffix `\|\c -.B .f\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B .for\c -\&\|', or `\|\c -.B .FOR\c -\&\|'; F77 files to be preprocessed by -.BR cpp ( 1 ) -use the suffix `\|\c -.B .F\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B .fpp\c -\&\|', or `\|\c -.B .FPP\c -\&\|'; Ratfor source files use the suffix `\|\c -.B .r\c -\&\|' (though -.B ratfor -itself is not supplied as part of -.B g77\c -\&). -.SH OPTIONS -There are many command-line options, including options to control -details of optimization, warnings, and code generation, which are -common to both -.B gcc -and -.B g77\c -\&. For full information on all options, see -.BR gcc ( 1 ). - -Options must be separate: `\|\c -.B \-dr\c -\&\|' is quite different from `\|\c -.B \-d \-r -\&\|'. - -Most `\|\c -.B \-f\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-W\c -\&\|' options have two contrary forms: -.BI \-f name -and -.BI \-fno\- name\c -\& (or -.BI \-W name -and -.BI \-Wno\- name\c -\&). Only the non-default forms are shown here. - -.TP -.B \-c -Compile or assemble the source files, but do not link. The compiler -output is an object file corresponding to each source file. -.TP -.BI \-D macro -Define macro \c -.I macro\c -\& with the string `\|\c -.B 1\c -\&\|' as its definition. -.TP -.BI \-D macro = defn -Define macro \c -.I macro\c -\& as \c -.I defn\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-E -Stop after the preprocessing stage; do not run the compiler proper. The -output is preprocessed source code, which is sent to the -standard output. -.TP -.B \-g -Produce debugging information in the operating system's native format -(for DBX or SDB or DWARF). GDB also can work with this debugging -information. On most systems that use DBX format, `\|\c -.B \-g\c -\&\|' enables use -of extra debugging information that only GDB can use. - -Unlike most other Fortran compilers, GNU Fortran allows you to use `\|\c -.B \-g\c -\&\|' with -`\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|'. The shortcuts taken by optimized code may occasionally -produce surprising results: some variables you declared may not exist -at all; flow of control may briefly move where you did not expect it; -some statements may not be executed because they compute constant -results or their values were already at hand; some statements may -execute in different places because they were moved out of loops. - -Nevertheless it proves possible to debug optimized output. This makes -it reasonable to use the optimizer for programs that might have bugs. -.TP -.BI "\-I" "dir"\c -\& -Append directory \c -.I dir\c -\& to the list of directories searched for include files. -.TP -.BI "\-L" "dir"\c -\& -Add directory \c -.I dir\c -\& to the list of directories to be searched -for `\|\c -.B \-l\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.BI \-l library\c -\& -Use the library named \c -.I library\c -\& when linking. -.TP -.B \-nostdinc -Do not search the standard system directories for header files. Only -the directories you have specified with -.B \-I -options (and the current directory, if appropriate) are searched. -.TP -.B \-O -Optimize. Optimizing compilation takes somewhat more time, and a lot -more memory for a large function. See the GCC documentation for -further optimisation options. Loop unrolling, in particular, may be -worth investigating for typical numerical Fortran programs. -.TP -.BI "\-o " file\c -\& -Place output in file \c -.I file\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-S -Stop after the stage of compilation proper; do not assemble. The output -is an assembler code file for each non-assembler input -file specified. -.TP -.BI \-U macro -Undefine macro \c -.I macro\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-v -Print (on standard error output) the commands executed to run the -stages of compilation. Also print the version number of the compiler -driver program and of the preprocessor and the compiler proper. The -version numbers of g77 itself and the GCC distribution on which it is -based are distinct. -.TP -.B \-Wall -Issue warnings for conditions which pertain to usage that we recommend -avoiding and that we believe is easy to avoid, even in conjunction -with macros. -.PP - -.SH FILES -.ta \w'LIBDIR/g77\-include 'u -file.h C header (preprocessor) file -.br -file.f Fortran source file -.br -file.for Fortran source file -.br -file.FOR Fortran source file -.br -file.F preprocessed Fortran source file -.br -file.fpp preprocessed Fortran source file -.br -file.FPP preprocessed Fortran source file -.br -file.r Ratfor source file (ratfor not included) -.br -file.s assembly language file -.br -file.o object file -.br -a.out link edited output -.br -\fITMPDIR\fR/cc\(** temporary files -.br -\fILIBDIR\fR/cpp preprocessor -.br -\fILIBDIR\fR/f771 compiler -.br -\fILIBDIR\fR/libg2c.a Fortran run-time library -.br -\fILIBDIR\fR/libgcc.a GCC subroutine library -.br -/lib/crt[01n].o start-up routine -.br -/lib/libc.a standard C library, see -.IR intro (3) -.br -/usr/include standard directory for -.B #include -files -.br -\fILIBDIR\fR/include standard gcc directory for -.B #include -.br - files. -.sp -.I LIBDIR -is usually -.B /usr/local/lib/\c -.IR machine / version . -.sp -.I TMPDIR -comes from the environment variable -.B TMPDIR -(default -.B /usr/tmp -if available, else -.B /tmp\c -\&). -.SH "SEE ALSO" -gcc(1), cpp(1), as(1), ld(1), gdb(1), adb(1), dbx(1), sdb(1). -.br -.RB "`\|" g77 "\|', `\|" gcc "\|', `\|" cpp "\|'," -.RB "`\|" as "\|', `\|" ld "\|'," -and -.RB "`\|" gdb "\|'" -entries in -.B info\c -\&. -.br -.I -Using and Porting GNU Fortran (for version 0.5.24)\c -, James Craig Burley; -.I -Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c -, Richard M. Stallman; -.I -The C Preprocessor\c -, Richard M. Stallman; -.I -Debugging with GDB: the GNU Source-Level Debugger\c -, Richard M. Stallman and Roland H. Pesch; -.I -Using as: the GNU Assembler\c -, Dean Elsner, Jay Fenlason & friends; -.I -gld: the GNU linker\c -, Steve Chamberlain and Roland Pesch. - -.SH BUGS -For instructions on how to report bugs, type `\|\c -.B info g77 -n Bugs\c -\&\|'. - -.SH COPYING -Copyright (c) 1991-1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -.PP -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. -.PP -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the -entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. -.PP -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this -manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified -versions, except that this permission notice may be included in -translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in -the original English. -.SH AUTHORS -See the GNU CC Manual for the contributors to GNU CC. -See the GNU Fortran Manual for the contributors to -GNU Fortran. diff --git a/contrib/gcc/gcc.1 b/contrib/gcc/gcc.1 deleted file mode 100644 index 74200a1a169e..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/gcc.1 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4191 +0,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation -*-Text-*- -.\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution -.\" -.\" Set up \*(lq, \*(rq if -man hasn't already set it up. -.if @@\*(lq@ \{\ -. ds lq " -. if t .ds lq `` -. if !@@\(lq@ .ds lq "\(lq -.\} -.if @@\*(rq@ \{\ -. ds rq " -. if t .ds rq '' -. if !@@\(rq@ .ds rq "\(rq -.\} -.de Id -.ds Rv \\$3 -.ds Dt \\$4 -.. -.de Sp -.if n .sp -.if t .sp 0.4 -.. -.Id $Id: gcc.1,v 1.9 1998/12/16 20:55:57 law Exp $ -.TH GCC 1 "\*(Dt" "GNU Tools" "GNU Tools" -.SH NAME -gcc, g++ \- GNU project C and C++ Compiler (gcc-2.95) -.SH SYNOPSIS -.B gcc -.RI "[ " option " | " filename " ].\|.\|." -.br -.B g++ -.RI "[ " option " | " filename " ].\|.\|." -.SH WARNING -The information in this man page is an extract from the full -documentation of the GNU C compiler, and is limited to the meaning of -the options. -.PP -This man page is not kept up to date except when volunteers want to -maintain it. If you find a discrepancy between the man page and the -software, please check the Info file, which is the authoritative -documentation. -.PP -If we find that the things in this man page that are out of date cause -significant confusion or complaints, we will stop distributing the man -page. The alternative, updating the man page when we update the Info -file, is impossible because the rest of the work of maintaining GNU CC -leaves us no time for that. The GNU project regards man pages as -obsolete and should not let them take time away from other things. -.PP -For complete and current documentation, refer to the Info file `\|\c -.B gcc\c -\&\|' or the manual -.I -Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c -\&. Both are made from the Texinfo source file -.BR gcc.texinfo . -.SH DESCRIPTION -The C and C++ compilers are integrated. Both process input files -through one or more of four stages: preprocessing, compilation, -assembly, and linking. Source filename suffixes identify the source -language, but which name you use for the compiler governs default -assumptions: -.TP -.B gcc -assumes preprocessed (\c -.B .i\c -\&) files are C and assumes C style linking. -.TP -.B g++ -assumes preprocessed (\c -.B .i\c -\&) files are C++ and assumes C++ style linking. -.PP -Suffixes of source file names indicate the language and kind of -processing to be done: -.Sp -.nf -.ta \w'\fB.cxx\fP 'u -\&\fB.c\fP C source; preprocess, compile, assemble -\&\fB.C\fP C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble -\&\fB.cc\fP C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble -\&\fB.cxx\fP C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble -\&\fB.m\fP Objective-C source; preprocess, compile, assemble -\&\fB.i\fP preprocessed C; compile, assemble -\&\fB.ii\fP preprocessed C++; compile, assemble -\&\fB.s\fP Assembler source; assemble -\&\fB.S\fP Assembler source; preprocess, assemble -\&\fB.h\fP Preprocessor file; not usually named on command line -.Sp -.fi -Files with other suffixes are passed to the linker. Common cases include: -.Sp -.nf -\&\fB.o\fP Object file -\&\fB.a\fP Archive file -.br -.fi -.Sp -Linking is always the last stage unless you use one of the -.BR \-c , -.BR \-S , -or -.B \-E -options to avoid it (or unless compilation errors stop the whole -process). For the link stage, all -.B .o -files corresponding to source files, -.B \-l -libraries, unrecognized filenames (including named -.B .o -object files and -.B .a -archives) -are passed to the linker in command-line order. -.SH OPTIONS -Options must be separate: `\|\c -.B \-dr\c -\&\|' is quite different from `\|\c -.B \-d \-r -\&\|'. -.PP -Most `\|\c -.B \-f\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-W\c -\&\|' options have two contrary forms: -.BI \-f name -and -.BI \-fno\- name\c -\& (or -.BI \-W name -and -.BI \-Wno\- name\c -\&). Only the non-default forms are shown here. -.PP -Here is a summary of all the options, grouped by type. Explanations are -in the following sections. -.hy 0 -.na -.TP -.B Overall Options -.br -\-c -\-S -\-E -.RI "\-o " file -\-pipe -\-v -.RI "\-x " language -.TP -.B Language Options -\-ansi -\-fall\-virtual -\-fcond\-mismatch -\-fdollars\-in\-identifiers -\-fenum\-int\-equiv -\-fexternal\-templates -\-fno\-asm -\-fno\-builtin -\-fhosted -\-fno\-hosted -\-ffreestanding -\-fno\-freestanding -\-fno\-strict\-prototype -\-fsigned\-bitfields -\-fsigned\-char -\-fthis\-is\-variable -\-funsigned\-bitfields -\-funsigned\-char -\-fwritable\-strings -\-traditional -\-traditional\-cpp -\-trigraphs -.TP -.B Warning Options -\-fsyntax\-only -\-pedantic -\-pedantic\-errors -\-w -\-W -\-Wall -\-Waggregate\-return -\-Wcast\-align -\-Wcast\-qual -\-Wchar\-subscript -\-Wcomment -\-Wconversion -\-Wenum\-clash -\-Werror -\-Wformat -.RI \-Wid\-clash\- len -\-Wimplicit -\-Wimplicit\-int -\-Wimplicit\-function\-declaration -\-Winline -\-Wlong\-long -\-Wmain -\-Wmissing\-prototypes -\-Wmissing\-declarations -\-Wnested\-externs -\-Wno\-import -\-Wparentheses -\-Wpointer\-arith -\-Wredundant\-decls -\-Wreturn\-type -\-Wshadow -\-Wstrict\-prototypes -\-Wswitch -\-Wtemplate\-debugging -\-Wtraditional -\-Wtrigraphs -\-Wuninitialized -\-Wunused -\-Wwrite\-strings -.TP -.B Debugging Options -\-a -.RI \-d letters -\-fpretend\-float -\-g -.RI \-g level -\-gcoff -\-gxcoff -\-gxcoff+ -\-gdwarf -\-gdwarf+ -\-gstabs -\-gstabs+ -\-ggdb -\-p -\-pg -\-save\-temps -.RI \-print\-file\-name= library -\-print\-libgcc\-file\-name -.RI \-print\-prog\-name= program -.TP -.B Optimization Options -\-fcaller\-saves -\-fcse\-follow\-jumps -\-fcse\-skip\-blocks -\-fdelayed\-branch -\-felide\-constructors -\-fexpensive\-optimizations -\-ffast\-math -\-ffloat\-store -\-fforce\-addr -\-fforce\-mem -\-finline\-functions -\-fkeep\-inline\-functions -\-fmemoize\-lookups -\-fno\-default\-inline -\-fno\-defer\-pop -\-fno\-function\-cse -\-fno\-inline -\-fno\-peephole -\-fomit\-frame\-pointer -\-frerun\-cse\-after\-loop -\-fschedule\-insns -\-fschedule\-insns2 -\-fstrength\-reduce -\-fthread\-jumps -\-funroll\-all\-loops -\-funroll\-loops -\-O -\-O2 -\-O3 -.TP -.B Preprocessor Options -.RI \-A assertion -\-C -\-dD -\-dM -\-dN -.RI \-D macro [\|= defn \|] -\-E -\-H -.RI "\-idirafter " dir -.RI "\-include " file -.RI "\-imacros " file -.RI "\-iprefix " file -.RI "\-iwithprefix " dir -\-M -\-MD -\-MM -\-MMD -\-nostdinc -\-P -.RI \-U macro -\-undef -.TP -.B Assembler Option -.RI \-Wa, option -.TP -.B Linker Options -.RI \-l library -\-nostartfiles -\-nostdlib -\-static -\-shared -\-symbolic -.RI "\-Xlinker\ " option -.RI \-Wl, option -.RI "\-u " symbol -.TP -.B Directory Options -.RI \-B prefix -.RI \-I dir -\-I\- -.RI \-L dir -.TP -.B Target Options -.RI "\-b " machine -.RI "\-V " version -.TP -.B Configuration Dependent Options -.I M680x0\ Options -.br -\-m68000 -\-m68020 -\-m68020\-40 -\-m68030 -\-m68040 -\-m68881 -\-mbitfield -\-mc68000 -\-mc68020 -\-mfpa -\-mnobitfield -\-mrtd -\-mshort -\-msoft\-float -.Sp -.I VAX Options -.br -\-mg -\-mgnu -\-munix -.Sp -.I SPARC Options -.br -\-mepilogue -\-mfpu -\-mhard\-float -\-mno\-fpu -\-mno\-epilogue -\-msoft\-float -\-msparclite -\-mv8 -\-msupersparc -\-mcypress -.Sp -.I Convex Options -.br -\-margcount -\-mc1 -\-mc2 -\-mnoargcount -.Sp -.I AMD29K Options -.br -\-m29000 -\-m29050 -\-mbw -\-mdw -\-mkernel\-registers -\-mlarge -\-mnbw -\-mnodw -\-msmall -\-mstack\-check -\-muser\-registers -.Sp -.I M88K Options -.br -\-m88000 -\-m88100 -\-m88110 -\-mbig\-pic -\-mcheck\-zero\-division -\-mhandle\-large\-shift -\-midentify\-revision -\-mno\-check\-zero\-division -\-mno\-ocs\-debug\-info -\-mno\-ocs\-frame\-position -\-mno\-optimize\-arg\-area -\-mno\-serialize\-volatile -\-mno\-underscores -\-mocs\-debug\-info -\-mocs\-frame\-position -\-moptimize\-arg\-area -\-mserialize\-volatile -.RI \-mshort\-data\- num -\-msvr3 -\-msvr4 -\-mtrap\-large\-shift -\-muse\-div\-instruction -\-mversion\-03.00 -\-mwarn\-passed\-structs -.Sp -.I RS6000 Options -.br -\-mfp\-in\-toc -\-mno\-fop\-in\-toc -.Sp -.I RT Options -.br -\-mcall\-lib\-mul -\-mfp\-arg\-in\-fpregs -\-mfp\-arg\-in\-gregs -\-mfull\-fp\-blocks -\-mhc\-struct\-return -\-min\-line\-mul -\-mminimum\-fp\-blocks -\-mnohc\-struct\-return -.Sp -.I MIPS Options -.br -\-mcpu=\fIcpu type\fP -\-mips2 -\-mips3 -\-mint64 -\-mlong64 -\-mlonglong128 -\-mmips\-as -\-mgas -\-mrnames -\-mno\-rnames -\-mgpopt -\-mno\-gpopt -\-mstats -\-mno\-stats -\-mmemcpy -\-mno\-memcpy -\-mno\-mips\-tfile -\-mmips\-tfile -\-msoft\-float -\-mhard\-float -\-mabicalls -\-mno\-abicalls -\-mhalf\-pic -\-mno\-half\-pic -\-G \fInum\fP -\-nocpp -.Sp -.I i386 Options -.br -\-m486 -\-mno\-486 -\-msoft\-float -\-mno\-fp\-ret\-in\-387 -.Sp -.I HPPA Options -.br -\-mpa\-risc\-1\-0 -\-mpa\-risc\-1\-1 -\-mkernel -\-mshared\-libs -\-mno\-shared\-libs -\-mlong\-calls -\-mdisable\-fpregs -\-mdisable\-indexing -\-mtrailing\-colon -.Sp -.I i960 Options -.br -\-m\fIcpu-type\fP -\-mnumerics -\-msoft\-float -\-mleaf\-procedures -\-mno\-leaf\-procedures -\-mtail\-call -\-mno\-tail\-call -\-mcomplex\-addr -\-mno\-complex\-addr -\-mcode\-align -\-mno\-code\-align -\-mic\-compat -\-mic2.0\-compat -\-mic3.0\-compat -\-masm\-compat -\-mintel\-asm -\-mstrict\-align -\-mno\-strict\-align -\-mold\-align -\-mno\-old\-align -.Sp -.I DEC Alpha Options -.br -\-mfp\-regs -\-mno\-fp\-regs -\-mno\-soft\-float -\-msoft\-float -.Sp -.I System V Options -.br -\-G -\-Qy -\-Qn -.RI \-YP, paths -.RI \-Ym, dir -.TP -.B Code Generation Options -.RI \-fcall\-saved\- reg -.RI \-fcall\-used\- reg -.RI \-ffixed\- reg -\-finhibit\-size\-directive -\-fnonnull\-objects -\-fno\-common -\-fno\-ident -\-fno\-gnu\-linker -\-fpcc\-struct\-return -\-fpic -\-fPIC -\-freg\-struct\-return -\-fshared\-data -\-fshort\-enums -\-fshort\-double -\-fvolatile -\-fvolatile\-global -\-fverbose\-asm -.ad b -.hy 1 -.SH OVERALL OPTIONS -.TP -.BI "\-x " "language" -Specify explicitly the -.I language\c -\& for the following input files (rather than choosing a default based -on the file name suffix) . This option applies to all following input -files until the next `\|\c -.B \-x\c -\&\|' option. Possible values of \c -.I language\c -\& are -`\|\c -.B c\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B objective\-c\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B c\-header\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B c++\c -\&\|', -`\|\c -.B cpp\-output\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B assembler\c -\&\|', and `\|\c -.B assembler\-with\-cpp\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-x none -Turn off any specification of a language, so that subsequent files are -handled according to their file name suffixes (as they are if `\|\c -.B \-x\c -\&\|' -has not been used at all). -.PP -If you want only some of the four stages (preprocess, compile, -assemble, link), you can use -`\|\c -.B \-x\c -\&\|' (or filename suffixes) to tell \c -.B gcc\c -\& where to start, and -one of the options `\|\c -.B \-c\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B \-S\c -\&\|', or `\|\c -.B \-E\c -\&\|' to say where -.B gcc\c -\& is to stop. Note that some combinations (for example, -`\|\c -.B \-x cpp\-output \-E\c -\&\|') instruct \c -.B gcc\c -\& to do nothing at all. -.TP -.B \-c -Compile or assemble the source files, but do not link. The compiler -output is an object file corresponding to each source file. -.Sp -By default, GCC makes the object file name for a source file by replacing -the suffix `\|\c -.B .c\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B .i\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B .s\c -\&\|', etc., with `\|\c -.B .o\c -\&\|'. Use -.B \-o\c -\& to select another name. -.Sp -GCC ignores any unrecognized input files (those that do not require -compilation or assembly) with the -.B \-c -option. -.TP -.B \-S -Stop after the stage of compilation proper; do not assemble. The output -is an assembler code file for each non-assembler input -file specified. -.Sp -By default, GCC makes the assembler file name for a source file by -replacing the suffix `\|\c -.B .c\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B .i\c -\&\|', etc., with `\|\c -.B .s\c -\&\|'. Use -.B \-o\c -\& to select another name. -.Sp -GCC ignores any input files that don't require compilation. -.TP -.B \-E -Stop after the preprocessing stage; do not run the compiler proper. The -output is preprocessed source code, which is sent to the -standard output. -.Sp -GCC ignores input files which don't require preprocessing. -.TP -.BI "\-o " file -Place output in file \c -.I file\c -\&. This applies regardless to whatever -sort of output GCC is producing, whether it be an executable file, -an object file, an assembler file or preprocessed C code. -.Sp -Since only one output file can be specified, it does not make sense to -use `\|\c -.B \-o\c -\&\|' when compiling more than one input file, unless you are -producing an executable file as output. -.Sp -If you do not specify `\|\c -.B \-o\c -\&\|', the default is to put an executable file -in `\|\c -.B a.out\c -\&\|', the object file for `\|\c -.I source\c -.B \&.\c -.I suffix\c -\&\c -\&\|' in -`\|\c -.I source\c -.B \&.o\c -\&\|', its assembler file in `\|\c -.I source\c -.B \&.s\c -\&\|', and -all preprocessed C source on standard output. -.TP -.B \-v -Print (on standard error output) the commands executed to run the stages -of compilation. Also print the version number of the compiler driver -program and of the preprocessor and the compiler proper. -.TP -.B \-pipe -Use pipes rather than temporary files for communication between the -various stages of compilation. This fails to work on some systems where -the assembler cannot read from a pipe; but the GNU assembler has -no trouble. -.PP -.SH LANGUAGE OPTIONS -The following options control the dialect of C that the compiler -accepts: -.TP -.B \-ansi -Support all ANSI standard C programs. -.Sp -This turns off certain features of GNU C that are incompatible with -ANSI C, such as the \c -.B asm\c -\&, \c -.B inline\c -\& and \c -.B typeof -keywords, and predefined macros such as \c -.B unix\c -\& and \c -.B vax -that identify the type of system you are using. It also enables the -undesirable and rarely used ANSI trigraph feature, and disallows `\|\c -.B $\c -\&\|' as part of identifiers. -.Sp -The alternate keywords \c -.B _\|_asm_\|_\c -\&, \c -.B _\|_extension_\|_\c -\&, -.B _\|_inline_\|_\c -\& and \c -.B _\|_typeof_\|_\c -\& continue to work despite -`\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|'. You would not want to use them in an ANSI C program, of -course, but it is useful to put them in header files that might be included -in compilations done with `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|'. Alternate predefined macros -such as \c -.B _\|_unix_\|_\c -\& and \c -.B _\|_vax_\|_\c -\& are also available, with or -without `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -The `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|' option does not cause non-ANSI programs to be -rejected gratuitously. For that, `\|\c -.B \-pedantic\c -\&\|' is required in -addition to `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -The preprocessor predefines a macro \c -.B _\|_STRICT_ANSI_\|_\c -\& when you use the `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|' -option. Some header files may notice this macro and refrain -from declaring certain functions or defining certain macros that the -ANSI standard doesn't call for; this is to avoid interfering with any -programs that might use these names for other things. -.TP -.B \-fno\-asm -Do not recognize \c -.B asm\c -\&, \c -.B inline\c -\& or \c -.B typeof\c -\& as a -keyword. These words may then be used as identifiers. You can -use \c -.B _\|_asm_\|_\c -\&, \c -.B _\|_inline_\|_\c -\& and \c -.B _\|_typeof_\|_\c -\& instead. -`\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|' implies `\|\c -.B \-fno\-asm\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-fno\-builtin -Don't recognize built-in functions that do not begin with two leading -underscores. Currently, the functions affected include \c -.B _exit\c -\&, -.B abort\c -\&, \c -.B abs\c -\&, \c -.B alloca\c -\&, \c -.B cos\c -\&, \c -.B exit\c -\&, -.B fabs\c -\&, \c -.B labs\c -\&, \c -.B memcmp\c -\&, \c -.B memcpy\c -\&, \c -.B sin\c -\&, -.B sqrt\c -\&, \c -.B strcmp\c -\&, \c -.B strcpy\c -\&, and \c -.B strlen\c -\&. -.Sp -The `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|' option prevents \c -.B alloca\c -\& and \c -.B _exit\c -\& from -being builtin functions. -.TP -.B \-fhosted -Compile for a hosted environment; this implies the `\|\c -.B \-fbuiltin\c -\&\|' option, and implies that suspicious declarations of -.B main\c -\& should be warned about. -.TP -.B \-ffreestanding -Compile for a freestanding environment; this implies the `\|\c -.B \-fno-builtin\c -\&\|' option, and implies that -.B main\c -\& has no special requirements. -.TP -.B \-fno\-strict\-prototype -Treat a function declaration with no arguments, such as `\|\c -.B int foo -();\c -\&\|', as C would treat it\(em\&as saying nothing about the number of -arguments or their types (C++ only). Normally, such a declaration in -C++ means that the function \c -.B foo\c -\& takes no arguments. -.TP -.B \-trigraphs -Support ANSI C trigraphs. The `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|' option implies `\|\c -.B \-trigraphs\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-traditional -Attempt to support some aspects of traditional C compilers. -For details, see the GNU C Manual; the duplicate list here -has been deleted so that we won't get complaints when it -is out of date. -.Sp -But one note about C++ programs only (not C). `\|\c -.B \-traditional\c -\&\|' has one additional effect for C++: assignment to -.B this -is permitted. This is the same as the effect of `\|\c -.B \-fthis\-is\-variable\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-traditional\-cpp -Attempt to support some aspects of traditional C preprocessors. -This includes the items that specifically mention the preprocessor above, -but none of the other effects of `\|\c -.B \-traditional\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-fdollars\-in\-identifiers -Permit the use of `\|\c -.B $\c -\&\|' in identifiers (C++ only). You can also use -`\|\c -.B \-fno\-dollars\-in\-identifiers\c -\&\|' to explicitly prohibit use of -`\|\c -.B $\c -\&\|'. (GNU C++ allows `\|\c -.B $\c -\&\|' by default on some target systems -but not others.) -.TP -.B \-fenum\-int\-equiv -Permit implicit conversion of \c -.B int\c -\& to enumeration types (C++ -only). Normally GNU C++ allows conversion of \c -.B enum\c -\& to \c -.B int\c -\&, -but not the other way around. -.TP -.B \-fexternal\-templates -Produce smaller code for template declarations, by generating only a -single copy of each template function where it is defined (C++ only). -To use this option successfully, you must also mark all files that -use templates with either `\|\c -.B #pragma implementation\c -\&\|' (the definition) or -`\|\c -.B #pragma interface\c -\&\|' (declarations). - -When your code is compiled with `\|\c -.B \-fexternal\-templates\c -\&\|', all -template instantiations are external. You must arrange for all -necessary instantiations to appear in the implementation file; you can -do this with a \c -.B typedef\c -\& that references each instantiation needed. -Conversely, when you compile using the default option -`\|\c -.B \-fno\-external\-templates\c -\&\|', all template instantiations are -explicitly internal. -.TP -.B \-fall\-virtual -Treat all possible member functions as virtual, implicitly. All -member functions (except for constructor functions and -.B new -or -.B delete -member operators) are treated as virtual functions of the class where -they appear. -.Sp -This does not mean that all calls to these member functions will be -made through the internal table of virtual functions. Under some -circumstances, the compiler can determine that a call to a given -virtual function can be made directly; in these cases the calls are -direct in any case. -.TP -.B \-fcond\-mismatch -Allow conditional expressions with mismatched types in the second and -third arguments. The value of such an expression is void. -.TP -.B \-fthis\-is\-variable -Permit assignment to \c -.B this\c -\& (C++ only). The incorporation of -user-defined free store management into C++ has made assignment to -`\|\c -.B this\c -\&\|' an anachronism. Therefore, by default it is invalid to -assign to \c -.B this\c -\& within a class member function. However, for -backwards compatibility, you can make it valid with -`\|\c -.B \-fthis-is-variable\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-funsigned\-char -Let the type \c -.B char\c -\& be unsigned, like \c -.B unsigned char\c -\&. -.Sp -Each kind of machine has a default for what \c -.B char\c -\& should -be. It is either like \c -.B unsigned char\c -\& by default or like -.B signed char\c -\& by default. -.Sp -Ideally, a portable program should always use \c -.B signed char\c -\& or -.B unsigned char\c -\& when it depends on the signedness of an object. -But many programs have been written to use plain \c -.B char\c -\& and -expect it to be signed, or expect it to be unsigned, depending on the -machines they were written for. This option, and its inverse, let you -make such a program work with the opposite default. -.Sp -The type \c -.B char\c -\& is always a distinct type from each of -.B signed char\c -\& and \c -.B unsigned char\c -\&, even though its behavior -is always just like one of those two. -.TP -.B \-fsigned\-char -Let the type \c -.B char\c -\& be signed, like \c -.B signed char\c -\&. -.Sp -Note that this is equivalent to `\|\c -.B \-fno\-unsigned\-char\c -\&\|', which is -the negative form of `\|\c -.B \-funsigned\-char\c -\&\|'. Likewise, -`\|\c -.B \-fno\-signed\-char\c -\&\|' is equivalent to `\|\c -.B \-funsigned\-char\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-fsigned\-bitfields -.TP -.B \-funsigned\-bitfields -.TP -.B \-fno\-signed\-bitfields -.TP -.B \-fno\-unsigned\-bitfields -These options control whether a bitfield is -signed or unsigned, when declared with no explicit `\|\c -.B signed\c -\&\|' or `\|\c -.B unsigned\c -\&\|' qualifier. By default, such a bitfield is -signed, because this is consistent: the basic integer types such as -.B int\c -\& are signed types. -.Sp -However, when you specify `\|\c -.B \-traditional\c -\&\|', bitfields are all unsigned -no matter what. -.TP -.B \-fwritable\-strings -Store string constants in the writable data segment and don't uniquize -them. This is for compatibility with old programs which assume they -can write into string constants. `\|\c -.B \-traditional\c -\&\|' also has this -effect. -.Sp -Writing into string constants is a very bad idea; \*(lqconstants\*(rq should -be constant. -.SH PREPROCESSOR OPTIONS -These options control the C preprocessor, which is run on each C source -file before actual compilation. -.PP -If you use the `\|\c -.B \-E\c -\&\|' option, GCC does nothing except preprocessing. -Some of these options make sense only together with `\|\c -.B \-E\c -\&\|' because -they cause the preprocessor output to be unsuitable for actual -compilation. -.TP -.BI "\-include " "file" -Process \c -.I file\c -\& as input before processing the regular input file. -In effect, the contents of \c -.I file\c -\& are compiled first. Any `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' -and `\|\c -.B \-U\c -\&\|' options on the command line are always processed before -`\|\c -.B \-include \c -.I file\c -\&\c -\&\|', regardless of the order in which they are -written. All the `\|\c -.B \-include\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-imacros\c -\&\|' options are -processed in the order in which they are written. -.TP -.BI "\-imacros " file -Process \c -.I file\c -\& as input, discarding the resulting output, before -processing the regular input file. Because the output generated from -.I file\c -\& is discarded, the only effect of `\|\c -.B \-imacros \c -.I file\c -\&\c -\&\|' is to -make the macros defined in \c -.I file\c -\& available for use in the main -input. The preprocessor evaluates any `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-U\c -\&\|' options -on the command line before processing `\|\c -.B \-imacros\c -.I file\c -\&\|', regardless of the order in -which they are written. All the `\|\c -.B \-include\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-imacros\c -\&\|' -options are processed in the order in which they are written. -.TP -.BI "\-idirafter " "dir" -Add the directory \c -.I dir\c -\& to the second include path. The directories -on the second include path are searched when a header file is not found -in any of the directories in the main include path (the one that -`\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' adds to). -.TP -.BI "\-iprefix " "prefix" -Specify \c -.I prefix\c -\& as the prefix for subsequent `\|\c -.B \-iwithprefix\c -\&\|' -options. -.TP -.BI "\-iwithprefix " "dir" -Add a directory to the second include path. The directory's name is -made by concatenating \c -.I prefix\c -\& and \c -.I dir\c -\&, where \c -.I prefix -was specified previously with `\|\c -.B \-iprefix\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-nostdinc -Do not search the standard system directories for header files. Only -the directories you have specified with `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' options (and the -current directory, if appropriate) are searched. -.Sp -By using both `\|\c -.B \-nostdinc\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|', you can limit the include-file search file to only those -directories you specify explicitly. -.TP -.B \-nostdinc++ -Do not search for header files in the C++\-specific standard directories, -but do still search the other standard directories. -(This option is used when building `\|\c -.B libg++\c -\&\|'.) -.TP -.B \-undef -Do not predefine any nonstandard macros. (Including architecture flags). -.TP -.B \-E -Run only the C preprocessor. Preprocess all the C source files -specified and output the results to standard output or to the -specified output file. -.TP -.B \-C -Tell the preprocessor not to discard comments. Used with the -`\|\c -.B \-E\c -\&\|' option. -.TP -.B \-P -Tell the preprocessor not to generate `\|\c -.B #line\c -\&\|' commands. -Used with the `\|\c -.B \-E\c -\&\|' option. -.TP -.B \-M\ [ \-MG ] -Tell the preprocessor to output a rule suitable for \c -.B make -describing the dependencies of each object file. For each source file, -the preprocessor outputs one \c -.B make\c -\&-rule whose target is the object -file name for that source file and whose dependencies are all the files -`\|\c -.B #include\c -\&\|'d in it. This rule may be a single line or may be -continued with `\|\c -.B \e\c -\&\|'-newline if it is long. The list of rules is -printed on standard output instead of the preprocessed C program. -.Sp -`\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|' implies `\|\c -.B \-E\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -`\|\c -.B \-MG\c -\&\|' says to treat missing header files as generated files and assume \c -they live in the same directory as the source file. It must be specified \c -in addition to `\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-MM\ [ \-MG ] -Like `\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|' but the output mentions only the user header files -included with `\|\c -.B #include "\c -.I file\c -\&"\c -\&\|'. System header files -included with `\|\c -.B #include <\c -.I file\c -\&>\c -\&\|' are omitted. -.TP -.B \-MD -Like `\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|' but the dependency information is written to files with -names made by replacing `\|\c -.B .o\c -\&\|' with `\|\c -.B .d\c -\&\|' at the end of the -output file names. This is in addition to compiling the file as -specified\(em\&`\|\c -.B \-MD\c -\&\|' does not inhibit ordinary compilation the way -`\|\c -.B \-M\c -\&\|' does. -.Sp -The Mach utility `\|\c -.B md\c -\&\|' can be used to merge the `\|\c -.B .d\c -\&\|' files -into a single dependency file suitable for using with the `\|\c -.B make\c -\&\|' -command. -.TP -.B \-MMD -Like `\|\c -.B \-MD\c -\&\|' except mention only user header files, not system -header files. -.TP -.B \-H -Print the name of each header file used, in addition to other normal -activities. -.TP -.BI "\-A" "question" ( answer ) -Assert the answer -.I answer -for -.I question\c -\&, in case it is tested -with a preprocessor conditional such as `\|\c -.BI "#if #" question ( answer )\c -\&\|'. `\|\c -.B \-A\-\c -\&\|' disables the standard -assertions that normally describe the target machine. -.TP -.BI "\-A" "question"\c -\&(\c -.I answer\c -\&) -Assert the answer \c -.I answer\c -\& for \c -.I question\c -\&, in case it is tested -with a preprocessor conditional such as `\|\c -.B #if -#\c -.I question\c -\&(\c -.I answer\c -\&)\c -\&\|'. `\|\c -.B \-A-\c -\&\|' disables the standard -assertions that normally describe the target machine. -.TP -.BI \-D macro -Define macro \c -.I macro\c -\& with the string `\|\c -.B 1\c -\&\|' as its definition. -.TP -.BI \-D macro = defn -Define macro \c -.I macro\c -\& as \c -.I defn\c -\&. All instances of `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' on -the command line are processed before any `\|\c -.B \-U\c -\&\|' options. -.TP -.BI \-U macro -Undefine macro \c -.I macro\c -\&. `\|\c -.B \-U\c -\&\|' options are evaluated after all `\|\c -.B \-D\c -\&\|' options, but before any `\|\c -.B \-include\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-imacros\c -\&\|' options. -.TP -.B \-dM -Tell the preprocessor to output only a list of the macro definitions -that are in effect at the end of preprocessing. Used with the `\|\c -.B \-E\c -\&\|' -option. -.TP -.B \-dD -Tell the preprocessor to pass all macro definitions into the output, in -their proper sequence in the rest of the output. -.TP -.B \-dN -Like `\|\c -.B \-dD\c -\&\|' except that the macro arguments and contents are omitted. -Only `\|\c -.B #define \c -.I name\c -\&\c -\&\|' is included in the output. -.SH ASSEMBLER OPTION -.TP -.BI "\-Wa," "option" -Pass \c -.I option\c -\& as an option to the assembler. If \c -.I option -contains commas, it is split into multiple options at the commas. -.SH LINKER OPTIONS -These options come into play when the compiler links object files into -an executable output file. They are meaningless if the compiler is -not doing a link step. -.TP -.I object-file-name -A file name that does not end in a special recognized suffix is -considered to name an object file or library. (Object files are -distinguished from libraries by the linker according to the file -contents.) If GCC does a link step, these object files are used as input -to the linker. -.TP -.BI \-l library -Use the library named \c -.I library\c -\& when linking. -.Sp -The linker searches a standard list of directories for the library, -which is actually a file named `\|\c -.B lib\c -.I library\c -\&.a\c -\&\|'. The linker -then uses this file as if it had been specified precisely by name. -.Sp -The directories searched include several standard system directories -plus any that you specify with `\|\c -.B \-L\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -Normally the files found this way are library files\(em\&archive files -whose members are object files. The linker handles an archive file by -scanning through it for members which define symbols that have so far -been referenced but not defined. However, if the linker finds an -ordinary object file rather than a library, the object file is linked -in the usual fashion. The only difference between using an `\|\c -.B \-l\c -\&\|' option and specifying a file -name is that `\|\c -.B \-l\c -\&\|' surrounds -.I library -with `\|\c -.B lib\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B .a\c -\&\|' and searches several directories. -.TP -.B \-lobjc -You need this special case of the -.B \-l -option in order to link an Objective C program. -.TP -.B \-nostartfiles -Do not use the standard system startup files when linking. -The standard libraries are used normally. -.TP -.B \-nostdlib -Don't use the standard system libraries and startup files when linking. -Only the files you specify will be passed to the linker. -.TP -.B \-static -On systems that support dynamic linking, this prevents linking with the shared -libraries. On other systems, this option has no effect. -.TP -.B \-shared -Produce a shared object which can then be linked with other objects to -form an executable. Only a few systems support this option. -.TP -.B \-symbolic -Bind references to global symbols when building a shared object. Warn -about any unresolved references (unless overridden by the link editor -option `\|\c -.B -\-Xlinker \-z \-Xlinker defs\c -\&\|'). Only a few systems support -this option. -.TP -.BI "\-Xlinker " "option" -Pass \c -.I option -as an option to the linker. You can use this to -supply system-specific linker options which GNU CC does not know how to -recognize. -.Sp -If you want to pass an option that takes an argument, you must use -`\|\c -.B \-Xlinker\c -\&\|' twice, once for the option and once for the argument. -For example, to pass `\|\c -.B -\-assert definitions\c -\&\|', you must write -`\|\c -.B -\-Xlinker \-assert \-Xlinker definitions\c -\&\|'. It does not work to write -`\|\c -.B -\-Xlinker "\-assert definitions"\c -\&\|', because this passes the entire -string as a single argument, which is not what the linker expects. -.TP -.BI "\-Wl," "option" -Pass \c -.I option\c -\& as an option to the linker. If \c -.I option\c -\& contains -commas, it is split into multiple options at the commas. -.TP -.BI "\-u " "symbol" -Pretend the symbol -.I symbol -is undefined, to force linking of -library modules to define it. You can use `\|\c -.B \-u\c -\&\|' multiple times with -different symbols to force loading of additional library modules. -.SH DIRECTORY OPTIONS -These options specify directories to search for header files, for -libraries and for parts of the compiler: -.TP -.BI "\-I" "dir" -Append directory \c -.I dir\c -\& to the list of directories searched for include files. -.TP -.B \-I\- -Any directories you specify with `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' options before the `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|' -option are searched only for the case of `\|\c -.B -#include "\c -.I file\c -.B -\&"\c -\&\|'; -they are not searched for `\|\c -.B #include <\c -.I file\c -\&>\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -If additional directories are specified with `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' options after -the `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|', these directories are searched for all `\|\c -.B #include\c -\&\|' -directives. (Ordinarily \c -.I all\c -\& `\|\c -.B \-I\c -\&\|' directories are used -this way.) -.Sp -In addition, the `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|' option inhibits the use of the current -directory (where the current input file came from) as the first search -directory for `\|\c -.B -#include "\c -.I file\c -.B -\&"\c -\&\|'. There is no way to -override this effect of `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|'. With `\|\c -.B \-I.\c -\&\|' you can specify -searching the directory which was current when the compiler was -invoked. That is not exactly the same as what the preprocessor does -by default, but it is often satisfactory. -.Sp -`\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|' does not inhibit the use of the standard system directories -for header files. Thus, `\|\c -.B \-I\-\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-nostdinc\c -\&\|' are -independent. -.TP -.BI "\-L" "dir" -Add directory \c -.I dir\c -\& to the list of directories to be searched -for `\|\c -.B \-l\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.BI "\-B" "prefix" -This option specifies where to find the executables, libraries and -data files of the compiler itself. -.Sp -The compiler driver program runs one or more of the subprograms -`\|\c -.B cpp\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B cc1\c -\&\|' (or, for C++, `\|\c -.B cc1plus\c -\&\|'), `\|\c -.B as\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B ld\c -\&\|'. It tries -.I prefix\c -\& as a prefix for each program it tries to run, both with and -without `\|\c -.I machine\c -.B /\c -.I version\c -.B /\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -For each subprogram to be run, the compiler driver first tries the -`\|\c -.B \-B\c -\&\|' prefix, if any. If that name is not found, or if `\|\c -.B \-B\c -\&\|' -was not specified, the driver tries two standard prefixes, which are -`\|\c -.B /usr/lib/gcc/\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/\c -\&\|'. If neither of -those results in a file name that is found, the compiler driver -searches for the unmodified program -name, using the directories specified in your -`\|\c -.B PATH\c -\&\|' environment variable. -.Sp -The run-time support file `\|\c -.B libgcc.a\c -\&\|' is also searched for using the -`\|\c -.B \-B\c -\&\|' prefix, if needed. If it is not found there, the two -standard prefixes above are tried, and that is all. The file is left -out of the link if it is not found by those means. Most of the time, -on most machines, `\|\c -.B libgcc.a\c -\&\|' is not actually necessary. -.Sp -You can get a similar result from the environment variable -.B GCC_EXEC_PREFIX\c -\&; if it is defined, its value is used as a prefix -in the same way. If both the `\|\c -.B \-B\c -\&\|' option and the -.B GCC_EXEC_PREFIX\c -\& variable are present, the `\|\c -.B \-B\c -\&\|' option is -used first and the environment variable value second. -.SH WARNING OPTIONS -Warnings are diagnostic messages that report constructions which -are not inherently erroneous but which are risky or suggest there -may have been an error. -.Sp -These options control the amount and kinds of warnings produced by GNU -CC: -.TP -.B \-fsyntax\-only -Check the code for syntax errors, but don't emit any output. -.TP -.B \-w -Inhibit all warning messages. -.TP -.B \-Wno\-import -Inhibit warning messages about the use of -.BR #import . -.TP -.B \-pedantic -Issue all the warnings demanded by strict ANSI standard C; reject -all programs that use forbidden extensions. -.Sp -Valid ANSI standard C programs should compile properly with or without -this option (though a rare few will require `\|\c -.B \-ansi\c -\&\|'). However, -without this option, certain GNU extensions and traditional C features -are supported as well. With this option, they are rejected. There is -no reason to \c -.I use\c -\& this option; it exists only to satisfy pedants. -.Sp -`\|\c -.B \-pedantic\c -\&\|' does not cause warning messages for use of the -alternate keywords whose names begin and end with `\|\c -.B _\|_\c -\&\|'. Pedantic -warnings are also disabled in the expression that follows -.B _\|_extension_\|_\c -\&. However, only system header files should use -these escape routes; application programs should avoid them. -.TP -.B \-pedantic\-errors -Like `\|\c -.B \-pedantic\c -\&\|', except that errors are produced rather than -warnings. -.TP -.B \-W -Print extra warning messages for these events: -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -A nonvolatile automatic variable might be changed by a call to -.B longjmp\c -\&. These warnings are possible only in -optimizing compilation. -.Sp -The compiler sees only the calls to \c -.B setjmp\c -\&. It cannot know -where \c -.B longjmp\c -\& will be called; in fact, a signal handler could -call it at any point in the code. As a result, you may get a warning -even when there is in fact no problem because \c -.B longjmp\c -\& cannot -in fact be called at the place which would cause a problem. -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -A function can return either with or without a value. (Falling -off the end of the function body is considered returning without -a value.) For example, this function would evoke such a -warning: -.Sp -.nf -foo (a) -{ - if (a > 0) - return a; -} -.Sp -.fi -Spurious warnings can occur because GNU CC does not realize that -certain functions (including \c -.B abort\c -\& and \c -.B longjmp\c -\&) -will never return. -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -An expression-statement or the left-hand side of a comma expression -contains no side effects. -To suppress the warning, cast the unused expression to void. -For example, an expression such as `\|\c -.B x[i,j]\c -\&\|' will cause a warning, -but `\|\c -.B x[(void)i,j]\c -\&\|' will not. -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -An unsigned value is compared against zero with `\|\c -.B >\c -\&\|' or `\|\c -.B <=\c -\&\|'. -.PP -.TP -.B \-Wimplicit-int -Warn whenever a declaration does not specify a type. -.TP -.B \-Wimplicit-function-declaration -Warn whenever a function is used before being declared. -.TP -.B \-Wimplicit -Same as -Wimplicit-int and -Wimplicit-function-declaration. -.TP -.B \-Wmain -Warn if the -.B main -function is declared or defined with a suspicious type. -Typically, it is a function with external linkage, returning -.B int\c -\&, and -taking zero or two arguments. - -.TP -.B \-Wreturn\-type -Warn whenever a function is defined with a return-type that defaults -to \c -.B int\c -\&. Also warn about any \c -.B return\c -\& statement with no -return-value in a function whose return-type is not \c -.B void\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-Wunused -Warn whenever a local variable is unused aside from its declaration, -whenever a function is declared static but never defined, and whenever -a statement computes a result that is explicitly not used. -.TP -.B \-Wswitch -Warn whenever a \c -.B switch\c -\& statement has an index of enumeral type -and lacks a \c -.B case\c -\& for one or more of the named codes of that -enumeration. (The presence of a \c -.B default\c -\& label prevents this -warning.) \c -.B case\c -\& labels outside the enumeration range also -provoke warnings when this option is used. -.TP -.B \-Wcomment -Warn whenever a comment-start sequence `\|\c -.B /\(**\c -\&\|' appears in a comment. -.TP -.B \-Wtrigraphs -Warn if any trigraphs are encountered (assuming they are enabled). -.TP -.B \-Wformat -Check calls to \c -.B printf\c -\& and \c -.B scanf\c -\&, etc., to make sure that -the arguments supplied have types appropriate to the format string -specified. -.TP -.B \-Wchar\-subscripts -Warn if an array subscript has type -.BR char . -This is a common cause of error, as programmers often forget that this -type is signed on some machines. -.TP -.B \-Wuninitialized -An automatic variable is used without first being initialized. -.Sp -These warnings are possible only in optimizing compilation, -because they require data flow information that is computed only -when optimizing. If you don't specify `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|', you simply won't -get these warnings. -.Sp -These warnings occur only for variables that are candidates for -register allocation. Therefore, they do not occur for a variable that -is declared \c -.B volatile\c -\&, or whose address is taken, or whose size -is other than 1, 2, 4 or 8 bytes. Also, they do not occur for -structures, unions or arrays, even when they are in registers. -.Sp -Note that there may be no warning about a variable that is used only -to compute a value that itself is never used, because such -computations may be deleted by data flow analysis before the warnings -are printed. -.Sp -These warnings are made optional because GNU CC is not smart -enough to see all the reasons why the code might be correct -despite appearing to have an error. Here is one example of how -this can happen: -.Sp -.nf -{ - int x; - switch (y) - { - case 1: x = 1; - break; - case 2: x = 4; - break; - case 3: x = 5; - } - foo (x); -} -.Sp -.fi -If the value of \c -.B y\c -\& is always 1, 2 or 3, then \c -.B x\c -\& is -always initialized, but GNU CC doesn't know this. Here is -another common case: -.Sp -.nf -{ - int save_y; - if (change_y) save_y = y, y = new_y; - .\|.\|. - if (change_y) y = save_y; -} -.Sp -.fi -This has no bug because \c -.B save_y\c -\& is used only if it is set. -.Sp -Some spurious warnings can be avoided if you declare as -.B volatile\c -\& all the functions you use that never return. -.TP -.B \-Wparentheses -Warn if parentheses are omitted in certain contexts. -.TP -.B \-Wtemplate\-debugging -When using templates in a C++ program, warn if debugging is not yet -fully available (C++ only). -.TP -.B \-Wall -All of the above `\|\c -.B \-W\c -\&\|' options combined. These are all the -options which pertain to usage that we recommend avoiding and that we -believe is easy to avoid, even in conjunction with macros. -.PP -The remaining `\|\c -.B \-W.\|.\|.\c -\&\|' options are not implied by `\|\c -.B \-Wall\c -\&\|' -because they warn about constructions that we consider reasonable to -use, on occasion, in clean programs. -.TP -.B \-Wtraditional -Warn about certain constructs that behave differently in traditional and -ANSI C. -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -Macro arguments occurring within string constants in the macro body. -These would substitute the argument in traditional C, but are part of -the constant in ANSI C. -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -A function declared external in one block and then used after the end of -the block. -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -A \c -.B switch\c -\& statement has an operand of type \c -.B long\c -\&. -.PP -.TP -.B \-Wshadow -Warn whenever a local variable shadows another local variable. -.TP -.BI "\-Wid\-clash\-" "len" -Warn whenever two distinct identifiers match in the first \c -.I len -characters. This may help you prepare a program that will compile -with certain obsolete, brain-damaged compilers. -.TP -.B \-Wpointer\-arith -Warn about anything that depends on the \*(lqsize of\*(rq a function type or -of \c -.B void\c -\&. GNU C assigns these types a size of 1, for -convenience in calculations with \c -.B void \(**\c -\& pointers and pointers -to functions. -.TP -.B \-Wcast\-qual -Warn whenever a pointer is cast so as to remove a type qualifier from -the target type. For example, warn if a \c -.B const char \(**\c -\& is cast -to an ordinary \c -.B char \(**\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-Wcast\-align -Warn whenever a pointer is cast such that the required alignment of the -target is increased. For example, warn if a \c -.B char \(**\c -\& is cast to -an \c -.B int \(**\c -\& on machines where integers can only be accessed at -two- or four-byte boundaries. -.TP -.B \-Wwrite\-strings -Give string constants the type \c -.B const char[\c -.I length\c -.B ]\c -\& so that -copying the address of one into a non-\c -.B const\c -\& \c -.B char \(** -pointer will get a warning. These warnings will help you find at -compile time code that can try to write into a string constant, but -only if you have been very careful about using \c -.B const\c -\& in -declarations and prototypes. Otherwise, it will just be a nuisance; -this is why we did not make `\|\c -.B \-Wall\c -\&\|' request these warnings. -.TP -.B \-Wconversion -Warn if a prototype causes a type conversion that is different from what -would happen to the same argument in the absence of a prototype. This -includes conversions of fixed point to floating and vice versa, and -conversions changing the width or signedness of a fixed point argument -except when the same as the default promotion. -.TP -.B \-Waggregate\-return -Warn if any functions that return structures or unions are defined or -called. (In languages where you can return an array, this also elicits -a warning.) -.TP -.B \-Wstrict\-prototypes -Warn if a function is declared or defined without specifying the -argument types. (An old-style function definition is permitted without -a warning if preceded by a declaration which specifies the argument -types.) -.TP -.B \-Wmissing\-prototypes -Warn if a global function is defined without a previous prototype -declaration. This warning is issued even if the definition itself -provides a prototype. The aim is to detect global functions that fail -to be declared in header files. -.TP -.B \-Wmissing\-declarations -Warn if a global function is defined without a previous declaration. -Do so even if the definition itself provides a prototype. -Use this option to detect global functions that are not declared in -header files. -.TP -.B \-Wredundant-decls -Warn if anything is declared more than once in the same scope, even in -cases where multiple declaration is valid and changes nothing. -.TP -.B \-Wnested-externs -Warn if an \c -.B extern\c -\& declaration is encountered within an function. -.TP -.B \-Wenum\-clash -Warn about conversion between different enumeration types (C++ only). -.TP -.B \-Wlong-long -Warn if -.B long long \c -type is used. This is default. To inhibit -the warning messages, use flag `\|\c -.B \-Wno\-long\-long\c -\&\|'. Flags `\|\c -.B \-W\-long\-long\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-Wno\-long\-long\c -\&\|' are taken into account only when flag `\|\c -.B \-pedantic\c -\&\|' is used. -.TP -.B \-Woverloaded\-virtual -(C++ only.) -In a derived class, the definitions of virtual functions must match -the type signature of a virtual function declared in the base class. -Use this option to request warnings when a derived class declares a -function that may be an erroneous attempt to define a virtual -function: that is, warn when a function with the same name as a -virtual function in the base class, but with a type signature that -doesn't match any virtual functions from the base class. -.TP -.B \-Winline -Warn if a function can not be inlined, and either it was declared as inline, -or else the -.B \-finline\-functions -option was given. -.TP -.B \-Werror -Treat warnings as errors; abort compilation after any warning. -.SH DEBUGGING OPTIONS -GNU CC has various special options that are used for debugging -either your program or GCC: -.TP -.B \-g -Produce debugging information in the operating system's native format -(stabs, COFF, XCOFF, or DWARF). GDB can work with this debugging -information. -.Sp -On most systems that use stabs format, `\|\c -.B \-g\c -\&\|' enables use of extra -debugging information that only GDB can use; this extra information -makes debugging work better in GDB but will probably make other debuggers -crash or -refuse to read the program. If you want to control for certain whether -to generate the extra information, use `\|\c -.B \-gstabs+\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B \-gstabs\c -\&\|', -`\|\c -.B \-gxcoff+\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B \-gxcoff\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B \-gdwarf+\c -\&\|', or `\|\c -.B \-gdwarf\c -\&\|' -(see below). -.Sp -Unlike most other C compilers, GNU CC allows you to use `\|\c -.B \-g\c -\&\|' with -`\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|'. The shortcuts taken by optimized code may occasionally -produce surprising results: some variables you declared may not exist -at all; flow of control may briefly move where you did not expect it; -some statements may not be executed because they compute constant -results or their values were already at hand; some statements may -execute in different places because they were moved out of loops. -.Sp -Nevertheless it proves possible to debug optimized output. This makes -it reasonable to use the optimizer for programs that might have bugs. -.PP -The following options are useful when GNU CC is generated with the -capability for more than one debugging format. -.TP -.B \-ggdb -Produce debugging information in the native format (if that is supported), -including GDB extensions if at all possible. -.TP -.B \-gstabs -Produce debugging information in stabs format (if that is supported), -without GDB extensions. This is the format used by DBX on most BSD -systems. -.TP -.B \-gstabs+ -Produce debugging information in stabs format (if that is supported), -using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU debugger (GDB). The -use of these extensions is likely to make other debuggers crash or -refuse to read the program. -.TP -.B \-gcoff -Produce debugging information in COFF format (if that is supported). -This is the format used by SDB on most System V systems prior to -System V Release 4. -.TP -.B \-gxcoff -Produce debugging information in XCOFF format (if that is supported). -This is the format used by the DBX debugger on IBM RS/6000 systems. -.TP -.B \-gxcoff+ -Produce debugging information in XCOFF format (if that is supported), -using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU debugger (GDB). The -use of these extensions is likely to make other debuggers crash or -refuse to read the program. -.TP -.B \-gdwarf -Produce debugging information in DWARF format (if that is supported). -This is the format used by SDB on most System V Release 4 systems. -.TP -.B \-gdwarf+ -Produce debugging information in DWARF format (if that is supported), -using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU debugger (GDB). The -use of these extensions is likely to make other debuggers crash or -refuse to read the program. -.PP -.BI "\-g" "level" -.br -.BI "\-ggdb" "level" -.br -.BI "\-gstabs" "level" -.br -.BI "\-gcoff" "level" -.BI "\-gxcoff" "level" -.TP -.BI "\-gdwarf" "level" -Request debugging information and also use \c -.I level\c -\& to specify how -much information. The default level is 2. -.Sp -Level 1 produces minimal information, enough for making backtraces in -parts of the program that you don't plan to debug. This includes -descriptions of functions and external variables, but no information -about local variables and no line numbers. -.Sp -Level 3 includes extra information, such as all the macro definitions -present in the program. Some debuggers support macro expansion when -you use `\|\c -.B \-g3\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-p -Generate extra code to write profile information suitable for the -analysis program \c -.B prof\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-pg -Generate extra code to write profile information suitable for the -analysis program \c -.B gprof\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-a -Generate extra code to write profile information for basic blocks, -which will record the number of times each basic block is executed. -This data could be analyzed by a program like \c -.B tcov\c -\&. Note, -however, that the format of the data is not what \c -.B tcov\c -\& expects. -Eventually GNU \c -.B gprof\c -\& should be extended to process this data. -.TP -.B \-ax -Generate extra code to read basic block profiling parameters from -file `bb.in' and write profiling results to file `bb.out'. -`bb.in' contains a list of functions. Whenever a function on the list -is entered, profiling is turned on. When the outmost function is left, -profiling is turned off. If a function name is prefixed with `-' -the function is excluded from profiling. If a function name is not -unique it can be disambiguated by writing -`/path/filename.d:functionname'. `bb.out' will list some available -filenames. -Four function names have a special meaning: -`__bb_jumps__' will cause jump frequencies to be written to `bb.out'. -`__bb_trace__' will cause the sequence of basic blocks to be piped -into `gzip' and written to file `bbtrace.gz'. -`__bb_hidecall__' will cause call instructions to be excluded from -the trace. -`__bb_showret__' will cause return instructions to be included in -the trace. -.TP -.BI "\-d" "letters" -Says to make debugging dumps during compilation at times specified by -.I letters\c -\&. This is used for debugging the compiler. The file names -for most of the dumps are made by appending a word to the source file -name (e.g. `\|\c -.B foo.c.rtl\c -\&\|' or `\|\c -.B foo.c.jump\c -\&\|'). -.TP -.B \-dM -Dump all macro definitions, at the end of preprocessing, and write no -output. -.TP -.B \-dN -Dump all macro names, at the end of preprocessing. -.TP -.B \-dD -Dump all macro definitions, at the end of preprocessing, in addition to -normal output. -.TP -.B \-dy -Dump debugging information during parsing, to standard error. -.TP -.B \-dr -Dump after RTL generation, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.rtl\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dx -Just generate RTL for a function instead of compiling it. Usually used -with `\|\c -.B r\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dj -Dump after first jump optimization, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.jump\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-ds -Dump after CSE (including the jump optimization that sometimes -follows CSE), to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.cse\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dL -Dump after loop optimization, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.loop\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dt -Dump after the second CSE pass (including the jump optimization that -sometimes follows CSE), to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.cse2\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-df -Dump after flow analysis, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.flow\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dc -Dump after instruction combination, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.combine\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dS -Dump after the first instruction scheduling pass, to -`\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.sched\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dl -Dump after local register allocation, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.lreg\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dg -Dump after global register allocation, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.greg\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dR -Dump after the second instruction scheduling pass, to -`\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.sched2\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dJ -Dump after last jump optimization, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.jump2\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dd -Dump after delayed branch scheduling, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.dbr\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-dk -Dump after conversion from registers to stack, to `\|\c -.I file\c -.B \&.stack\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-da -Produce all the dumps listed above. -.TP -.B \-dm -Print statistics on memory usage, at the end of the run, to -standard error. -.TP -.B \-dp -Annotate the assembler output with a comment indicating which -pattern and alternative was used. -.TP -.B \-fpretend\-float -When running a cross-compiler, pretend that the target machine uses the -same floating point format as the host machine. This causes incorrect -output of the actual floating constants, but the actual instruction -sequence will probably be the same as GNU CC would make when running on -the target machine. -.TP -.B \-save\-temps -Store the usual \*(lqtemporary\*(rq intermediate files permanently; place them -in the current directory and name them based on the source file. Thus, -compiling `\|\c -.B foo.c\c -\&\|' with `\|\c -.B \-c \-save\-temps\c -\&\|' would produce files -`\|\c -.B foo.cpp\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B foo.s\c -\&\|', as well as `\|\c -.B foo.o\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.BI "\-print\-file\-name=" "library" -Print the full absolute name of the library file \|\c -.nh -.I library -.hy -\&\| that -would be used when linking\(em\&and do not do anything else. With this -option, GNU CC does not compile or link anything; it just prints the -file name. -.TP -.B \-print\-libgcc\-file\-name -Same as `\|\c -.B \-print\-file\-name=libgcc.a\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.BI "\-print\-prog\-name=" "program" -Like `\|\c -.B \-print\-file\-name\c -\&\|', but searches for a program such as `\|\c -cpp\c -\&\|'. -.SH OPTIMIZATION OPTIONS -These options control various sorts of optimizations: -.TP -.B \-O -.TP -.B \-O1 -Optimize. Optimizing compilation takes somewhat more time, and a lot -more memory for a large function. -.Sp -Without `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|', the compiler's goal is to reduce the cost of -compilation and to make debugging produce the expected results. -Statements are independent: if you stop the program with a breakpoint -between statements, you can then assign a new value to any variable or -change the program counter to any other statement in the function and -get exactly the results you would expect from the source code. -.Sp -Without `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|', only variables declared \c -.B register\c -\& are -allocated in registers. The resulting compiled code is a little worse -than produced by PCC without `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -With `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|', the compiler tries to reduce code size and execution -time. -.Sp -When you specify `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|', the two options `\|\c -.B \-fthread\-jumps\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-fdefer\-pop\c -\&\|' are turned on. On machines that have delay slots, the `\|\c -.B \-fdelayed\-branch\c -\&\|' option is turned on. For those machines that can support debugging even -without a frame pointer, the `\|\c -.B \-fomit\-frame\-pointer\c -\&\|' option is turned on. On some machines other flags may also be turned on. -.TP -.B \-O2 -Optimize even more. Nearly all supported optimizations that do not -involve a space-speed tradeoff are performed. Loop unrolling and function -inlining are not done, for example. As compared to -.B \-O\c -\&, -this option increases both compilation time and the performance of the -generated code. -.TP -.B \-O3 -Optimize yet more. This turns on everything -.B \-O2 -does, along with also turning on -.B \-finline\-functions. -.TP -.B \-O0 -Do not optimize. -.Sp -If you use multiple -.B \-O -options, with or without level numbers, the last such option is the -one that is effective. -.PP -Options of the form `\|\c -.B \-f\c -.I flag\c -\&\c -\&\|' specify machine-independent -flags. Most flags have both positive and negative forms; the negative -form of `\|\c -.B \-ffoo\c -\&\|' would be `\|\c -.B \-fno\-foo\c -\&\|'. The following list shows -only one form\(em\&the one which is not the default. -You can figure out the other form by either removing `\|\c -.B no\-\c -\&\|' or -adding it. -.TP -.B \-ffloat\-store -Do not store floating point variables in registers. This -prevents undesirable excess precision on machines such as the -68000 where the floating registers (of the 68881) keep more -precision than a \c -.B double\c -\& is supposed to have. -.Sp -For most programs, the excess precision does only good, but a few -programs rely on the precise definition of IEEE floating point. -Use `\|\c -.B \-ffloat\-store\c -\&\|' for such programs. -.TP -.B \-fmemoize\-lookups -.TP -.B \-fsave\-memoized -Use heuristics to compile faster (C++ only). These heuristics are not -enabled by default, since they are only effective for certain input -files. Other input files compile more slowly. -.Sp -The first time the compiler must build a call to a member function (or -reference to a data member), it must (1) determine whether the class -implements member functions of that name; (2) resolve which member -function to call (which involves figuring out what sorts of type -conversions need to be made); and (3) check the visibility of the member -function to the caller. All of this adds up to slower compilation. -Normally, the second time a call is made to that member function (or -reference to that data member), it must go through the same lengthy -process again. This means that code like this -.Sp -\& cout << "This " << p << " has " << n << " legs.\en"; -.Sp -makes six passes through all three steps. By using a software cache, -a \*(lqhit\*(rq significantly reduces this cost. Unfortunately, using the -cache introduces another layer of mechanisms which must be implemented, -and so incurs its own overhead. `\|\c -.B \-fmemoize\-lookups\c -\&\|' enables -the software cache. -.Sp -Because access privileges (visibility) to members and member functions -may differ from one function context to the next, -.B g++ -may need to flush the cache. With the `\|\c -.B \-fmemoize\-lookups\c -\&\|' flag, the cache is flushed after every -function that is compiled. The `\|\c -\-fsave\-memoized\c -\&\|' flag enables the same software cache, but when the compiler -determines that the context of the last function compiled would yield -the same access privileges of the next function to compile, it -preserves the cache. -This is most helpful when defining many member functions for the same -class: with the exception of member functions which are friends of -other classes, each member function has exactly the same access -privileges as every other, and the cache need not be flushed. -.TP -.B \-fno\-default\-inline -Don't make member functions inline by default merely because they are -defined inside the class scope (C++ only). -.TP -.B \-fno\-defer\-pop -Always pop the arguments to each function call as soon as that -function returns. For machines which must pop arguments after a -function call, the compiler normally lets arguments accumulate on the -stack for several function calls and pops them all at once. -.TP -.B \-fforce\-mem -Force memory operands to be copied into registers before doing -arithmetic on them. This may produce better code by making all -memory references potential common subexpressions. When they are -not common subexpressions, instruction combination should -eliminate the separate register-load. I am interested in hearing -about the difference this makes. -.TP -.B \-fforce\-addr -Force memory address constants to be copied into registers before -doing arithmetic on them. This may produce better code just as -`\|\c -.B \-fforce\-mem\c -\&\|' may. I am interested in hearing about the -difference this makes. -.TP -.B \-fomit\-frame\-pointer -Don't keep the frame pointer in a register for functions that -don't need one. This avoids the instructions to save, set up and -restore frame pointers; it also makes an extra register available -in many functions. \c -.I It also makes debugging impossible on most machines\c -\&. -.Sp -On some machines, such as the Vax, this flag has no effect, because -the standard calling sequence automatically handles the frame pointer -and nothing is saved by pretending it doesn't exist. The -machine-description macro \c -.B FRAME_POINTER_REQUIRED\c -\& controls -whether a target machine supports this flag. -.TP -.B \-finline\-functions -Integrate all simple functions into their callers. The compiler -heuristically decides which functions are simple enough to be worth -integrating in this way. -.Sp -If all calls to a given function are integrated, and the function is -declared \c -.B static\c -\&, then GCC normally does not output the function as -assembler code in its own right. -.TP -.B \-fcaller\-saves -Enable values to be allocated in registers that will be clobbered by -function calls, by emitting extra instructions to save and restore the -registers around such calls. Such allocation is done only when it -seems to result in better code than would otherwise be produced. -.Sp -This option is enabled by default on certain machines, usually those -which have no call-preserved registers to use instead. -.TP -.B \-fkeep\-inline\-functions -Even if all calls to a given function are integrated, and the function -is declared \c -.B static\c -\&, nevertheless output a separate run-time -callable version of the function. -.TP -.B \-fno\-function\-cse -Do not put function addresses in registers; make each instruction that -calls a constant function contain the function's address explicitly. -.Sp -This option results in less efficient code, but some strange hacks -that alter the assembler output may be confused by the optimizations -performed when this option is not used. -.TP -.B \-fno\-peephole -Disable any machine-specific peephole optimizations. -.TP -.B \-ffast-math -This option allows GCC to violate some ANSI or IEEE rules/specifications -in the interest of optimizing code for speed. For example, it allows -the compiler to assume arguments to the \c -.B sqrt\c -\& function are -non-negative numbers. -.Sp -This option should never be turned on by any `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|' option since -it can result in incorrect output for programs which depend on -an exact implementation of IEEE or ANSI rules/specifications for -math functions. -.PP -The following options control specific optimizations. The `\|\c -.B \-O2\c -\&\|' -option turns on all of these optimizations except `\|\c -.B \-funroll\-loops\c -\&\|' -and `\|\c -.B \-funroll\-all\-loops\c -\&\|'. -.PP -The `\|\c -.B \-O\c -\&\|' option usually turns on -the `\|\c -.B \-fthread\-jumps\c -\&\|' and `\|\c -.B \-fdelayed\-branch\c -\&\|' options, but -specific machines may change the default optimizations. -.PP -You can use the following flags in the rare cases when \*(lqfine-tuning\*(rq -of optimizations to be performed is desired. -.TP -.B \-fstrength\-reduce -Perform the optimizations of loop strength reduction and -elimination of iteration variables. -.TP -.B \-fthread\-jumps -Perform optimizations where we check to see if a jump branches to a -location where another comparison subsumed by the first is found. If -so, the first branch is redirected to either the destination of the -second branch or a point immediately following it, depending on whether -the condition is known to be true or false. -.TP -.B \-funroll\-loops -Perform the optimization of loop unrolling. This is only done for loops -whose number of iterations can be determined at compile time or run time. -.TP -.B \-funroll\-all\-loops -Perform the optimization of loop unrolling. This is done for all loops. -This usually makes programs run more slowly. -.TP -.B \-fcse\-follow\-jumps -In common subexpression elimination, scan through jump instructions -when the target of the jump is not reached by any other path. For -example, when CSE encounters an \c -.B if\c -\& statement with an -.B else\c -\& clause, CSE will follow the jump when the condition -tested is false. -.TP -.B \-fcse\-skip\-blocks -This is similar to `\|\c -.B \-fcse\-follow\-jumps\c -\&\|', but causes CSE to -follow jumps which conditionally skip over blocks. When CSE -encounters a simple \c -.B if\c -\& statement with no else clause, -`\|\c -.B \-fcse\-skip\-blocks\c -\&\|' causes CSE to follow the jump around the -body of the \c -.B if\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-frerun\-cse\-after\-loop -Re-run common subexpression elimination after loop optimizations has been -performed. -.TP -.B \-felide\-constructors -Elide constructors when this seems plausible (C++ only). With this -flag, GNU C++ initializes \c -.B y\c -\& directly from the call to \c -.B foo -without going through a temporary in the following code: -.Sp -A foo (); -A y = foo (); -.Sp -Without this option, GNU C++ first initializes \c -.B y\c -\& by calling the -appropriate constructor for type \c -.B A\c -\&; then assigns the result of -.B foo\c -\& to a temporary; and, finally, replaces the initial value of -`\|\c -.B y\c -\&\|' with the temporary. -.Sp -The default behavior (`\|\c -.B \-fno\-elide\-constructors\c -\&\|') is specified by -the draft ANSI C++ standard. If your program's constructors have side -effects, using `\|\c -.B \-felide-constructors\c -\&\|' can make your program act -differently, since some constructor calls may be omitted. -.TP -.B \-fexpensive\-optimizations -Perform a number of minor optimizations that are relatively expensive. -.TP -.B \-fdelayed\-branch -If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder instructions -to exploit instruction slots available after delayed branch -instructions. -.TP -.B \-fschedule\-insns -If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder instructions to -eliminate execution stalls due to required data being unavailable. This -helps machines that have slow floating point or memory load instructions -by allowing other instructions to be issued until the result of the load -or floating point instruction is required. -.TP -.B \-fschedule\-insns2 -Similar to `\|\c -.B \-fschedule\-insns\c -\&\|', but requests an additional pass of -instruction scheduling after register allocation has been done. This is -especially useful on machines with a relatively small number of -registers and where memory load instructions take more than one cycle. -.SH TARGET OPTIONS -By default, GNU CC compiles code for the same type of machine that you -are using. However, it can also be installed as a cross-compiler, to -compile for some other type of machine. In fact, several different -configurations of GNU CC, for different target machines, can be -installed side by side. Then you specify which one to use with the -`\|\c -.B \-b\c -\&\|' option. -.PP -In addition, older and newer versions of GNU CC can be installed side -by side. One of them (probably the newest) will be the default, but -you may sometimes wish to use another. -.TP -.BI "\-b " "machine" -The argument \c -.I machine\c -\& specifies the target machine for compilation. -This is useful when you have installed GNU CC as a cross-compiler. -.Sp -The value to use for \c -.I machine\c -\& is the same as was specified as the -machine type when configuring GNU CC as a cross-compiler. For -example, if a cross-compiler was configured with `\|\c -.B configure -i386v\c -\&\|', meaning to compile for an 80386 running System V, then you -would specify `\|\c -.B \-b i386v\c -\&\|' to run that cross compiler. -.Sp -When you do not specify `\|\c -.B \-b\c -\&\|', it normally means to compile for -the same type of machine that you are using. -.TP -.BI "\-V " "version" -The argument \c -.I version\c -\& specifies which version of GNU CC to run. -This is useful when multiple versions are installed. For example, -.I version\c -\& might be `\|\c -.B 2.0\c -\&\|', meaning to run GNU CC version 2.0. -.Sp -The default version, when you do not specify `\|\c -.B \-V\c -\&\|', is controlled -by the way GNU CC is installed. Normally, it will be a version that -is recommended for general use. -.SH MACHINE DEPENDENT OPTIONS -Each of the target machine types can have its own special options, -starting with `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|', to choose among various hardware models or -configurations\(em\&for example, 68010 vs 68020, floating coprocessor or -none. A single installed version of the compiler can compile for any -model or configuration, according to the options specified. -.PP -Some configurations of the compiler also support additional special -options, usually for command-line compatibility with other compilers on -the same platform. -.PP -These are the `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options defined for the 68000 series: -.TP -.B \-m68000 -.TP -.B \-mc68000 -Generate output for a 68000. This is the default when the compiler is -configured for 68000-based systems. -.TP -.B \-m68020 -.TP -.B \-mc68020 -Generate output for a 68020 (rather than a 68000). This is the -default when the compiler is configured for 68020-based systems. -.TP -.B \-m68881 -Generate output containing 68881 instructions for floating point. -This is the default for most 68020-based systems unless -.B \-nfp -was specified when the compiler was configured. -.TP -.B \-m68030 -Generate output for a 68030. This is the default when the compiler is -configured for 68030-based systems. -.TP -.B \-m68040 -Generate output for a 68040. This is the default when the compiler is -configured for 68040-based systems. -.TP -.B \-m68020\-40 -Generate output for a 68040, without using any of the new instructions. -This results in code which can run relatively efficiently on either a -68020/68881 or a 68030 or a 68040. -.TP -.B \-mfpa -Generate output containing Sun FPA instructions for floating point. -.TP -.B \-msoft\-float -Generate output containing library calls for floating point. -.I -WARNING: -the requisite libraries are not part of GNU CC. Normally the -facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but this can't -be done directly in cross-compilation. You must make your own -arrangements to provide suitable library functions for cross-compilation. -.TP -.B \-mshort -Consider type \c -.B int\c -\& to be 16 bits wide, like \c -.B short int\c -\&. -.TP -.B \-mnobitfield -Do not use the bit-field instructions. `\|\c -.B \-m68000\c -\&\|' implies -`\|\c -.B \-mnobitfield\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-mbitfield -Do use the bit-field instructions. `\|\c -.B \-m68020\c -\&\|' implies -`\|\c -.B \-mbitfield\c -\&\|'. This is the default if you use the unmodified -sources. -.TP -.B \-mrtd -Use a different function-calling convention, in which functions -that take a fixed number of arguments return with the \c -.B rtd -instruction, which pops their arguments while returning. This -saves one instruction in the caller since there is no need to pop -the arguments there. -.Sp -This calling convention is incompatible with the one normally -used on Unix, so you cannot use it if you need to call libraries -compiled with the Unix compiler. -.Sp -Also, you must provide function prototypes for all functions that -take variable numbers of arguments (including \c -.B printf\c -\&); -otherwise incorrect code will be generated for calls to those -functions. -.Sp -In addition, seriously incorrect code will result if you call a -function with too many arguments. (Normally, extra arguments are -harmlessly ignored.) -.Sp -The \c -.B rtd\c -\& instruction is supported by the 68010 and 68020 -processors, but not by the 68000. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the Vax: -.TP -.B \-munix -Do not output certain jump instructions (\c -.B aobleq\c -\& and so on) -that the Unix assembler for the Vax cannot handle across long -ranges. -.TP -.B \-mgnu -Do output those jump instructions, on the assumption that you -will assemble with the GNU assembler. -.TP -.B \-mg -Output code for g-format floating point numbers instead of d-format. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' switches are supported on the SPARC: -.PP -.B \-mfpu -.TP -.B \-mhard\-float -Generate output containing floating point instructions. This is the -default. -.PP -.B \-mno\-fpu -.TP -.B \-msoft\-float -Generate output containing library calls for floating point. -.I Warning: -there is no GNU floating-point library for SPARC. -Normally the facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but -this cannot be done directly in cross-compilation. You must make your -own arrangements to provide suitable library functions for -cross-compilation. -.Sp -.B \-msoft\-float -changes the calling convention in the output file; -therefore, it is only useful if you compile -.I all -of a program with this option. -.PP -.B \-mno\-epilogue -.TP -.B \-mepilogue -With -.B \-mepilogue -(the default), the compiler always emits code for -function exit at the end of each function. Any function exit in -the middle of the function (such as a return statement in C) will -generate a jump to the exit code at the end of the function. -.Sp -With -.BR \-mno\-epilogue , -the compiler tries to emit exit code inline at every function exit. -.PP -.B \-mno\-v8 -.TP -.B \-mv8 -.TP -.B \-msparclite -These three options select variations on the SPARC architecture. -.Sp -By default (unless specifically configured for the Fujitsu SPARClite), -GCC generates code for the v7 variant of the SPARC architecture. -.Sp -.B \-mv8 -will give you SPARC v8 code. The only difference from v7 -code is that the compiler emits the integer multiply and integer -divide instructions which exist in SPARC v8 but not in SPARC v7. -.Sp -.B \-msparclite -will give you SPARClite code. This adds the integer -multiply, integer divide step and scan (ffs) instructions which -exist in SPARClite but not in SPARC v7. -.PP -.B \-mcypress -.TP -.B \-msupersparc -These two options select the processor for which the code is optimised. -.Sp -With -.B \-mcypress -(the default), the compiler optimises code for the Cypress CY7C602 chip, as -used in the SparcStation/SparcServer 3xx series. This is also appropriate for -the older SparcStation 1, 2, IPX etc. -.Sp -With -.B \-msupersparc -the compiler optimises code for the SuperSparc cpu, as used in the SparcStation -10, 1000 and 2000 series. This flag also enables use of the full SPARC v8 -instruction set. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the Convex: -.TP -.B \-mc1 -Generate output for a C1. This is the default when the compiler is -configured for a C1. -.TP -.B \-mc2 -Generate output for a C2. This is the default when the compiler is -configured for a C2. -.TP -.B \-margcount -Generate code which puts an argument count in the word preceding each -argument list. Some nonportable Convex and Vax programs need this word. -(Debuggers don't, except for functions with variable-length argument -lists; this info is in the symbol table.) -.TP -.B \-mnoargcount -Omit the argument count word. This is the default if you use the -unmodified sources. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the AMD Am29000: -.TP -.B \-mdw -Generate code that assumes the DW bit is set, i.e., that byte and -halfword operations are directly supported by the hardware. This is the -default. -.TP -.B \-mnodw -Generate code that assumes the DW bit is not set. -.TP -.B \-mbw -Generate code that assumes the system supports byte and halfword write -operations. This is the default. -.TP -.B \-mnbw -Generate code that assumes the systems does not support byte and -halfword write operations. This implies `\|\c -.B \-mnodw\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-msmall -Use a small memory model that assumes that all function addresses are -either within a single 256 KB segment or at an absolute address of less -than 256K. This allows the \c -.B call\c -\& instruction to be used instead -of a \c -.B const\c -\&, \c -.B consth\c -\&, \c -.B calli\c -\& sequence. -.TP -.B \-mlarge -Do not assume that the \c -.B call\c -\& instruction can be used; this is the -default. -.TP -.B \-m29050 -Generate code for the Am29050. -.TP -.B \-m29000 -Generate code for the Am29000. This is the default. -.TP -.B \-mkernel\-registers -Generate references to registers \c -.B gr64-gr95\c -\& instead of -.B gr96-gr127\c -\&. This option can be used when compiling kernel code -that wants a set of global registers disjoint from that used by -user-mode code. -.Sp -Note that when this option is used, register names in `\|\c -.B \-f\c -\&\|' flags -must use the normal, user-mode, names. -.TP -.B \-muser\-registers -Use the normal set of global registers, \c -.B gr96-gr127\c -\&. This is the -default. -.TP -.B \-mstack\-check -Insert a call to \c -.B _\|_msp_check\c -\& after each stack adjustment. This -is often used for kernel code. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for Motorola 88K architectures: -.TP -.B \-m88000 -Generate code that works well on both the m88100 and the -m88110. -.TP -.B \-m88100 -Generate code that works best for the m88100, but that also -runs on the m88110. -.TP -.B \-m88110 -Generate code that works best for the m88110, and may not run -on the m88100. -.TP -.B \-midentify\-revision -Include an \c -.B ident\c -\& directive in the assembler output recording the -source file name, compiler name and version, timestamp, and compilation -flags used. -.TP -.B \-mno\-underscores -In assembler output, emit symbol names without adding an underscore -character at the beginning of each name. The default is to use an -underscore as prefix on each name. -.TP -.B \-mno\-check\-zero\-division -.TP -.B \-mcheck\-zero\-division -Early models of the 88K architecture had problems with division by zero; -in particular, many of them didn't trap. Use these options to avoid -including (or to include explicitly) additional code to detect division -by zero and signal an exception. All GCC configurations for the 88K use -`\|\c -.B \-mcheck\-zero\-division\c -\&\|' by default. -.TP -.B \-mocs\-debug\-info -.TP -.B \-mno\-ocs\-debug\-info -Include (or omit) additional debugging information (about -registers used in each stack frame) as specified in the 88Open Object -Compatibility Standard, \*(lqOCS\*(rq. This extra information is not needed -by GDB. The default for DG/UX, SVr4, and Delta 88 SVr3.2 is to -include this information; other 88k configurations omit this information -by default. -.TP -.B \-mocs\-frame\-position -.TP -.B \-mno\-ocs\-frame\-position -Force (or do not require) register values to be stored in a particular -place in stack frames, as specified in OCS. The DG/UX, Delta88 SVr3.2, -and BCS configurations use `\|\c -.B \-mocs\-frame\-position\c -\&\|'; other 88k -configurations have the default `\|\c -.B \-mno\-ocs\-frame\-position\c -\&\|'. -.TP -.B \-moptimize\-arg\-area -.TP -.B \-mno\-optimize\-arg\-area -Control how to store function arguments in stack frames. -`\|\c -.B \-moptimize\-arg\-area\c -\&\|' saves space, but may break some -debuggers (not GDB). `\|\c -.B \-mno\-optimize\-arg\-area\c -\&\|' conforms better to -standards. By default GCC does not optimize the argument area. -.TP -.BI "\-mshort\-data\-" "num" -.I num -Generate smaller data references by making them relative to \c -.B r0\c -\&, -which allows loading a value using a single instruction (rather than the -usual two). You control which data references are affected by -specifying \c -.I num\c -\& with this option. For example, if you specify -`\|\c -.B \-mshort\-data\-512\c -\&\|', then the data references affected are those -involving displacements of less than 512 bytes. -`\|\c -.B \-mshort\-data\-\c -.I num\c -\&\c -\&\|' is not effective for \c -.I num\c -\& greater -than 64K. -.PP -.B \-mserialize-volatile -.TP -.B \-mno-serialize-volatile -Do, or do not, generate code to guarantee sequential consistency of -volatile memory references. -.Sp -GNU CC always guarantees consistency by default, for the preferred -processor submodel. How this is done depends on the submodel. -.Sp -The m88100 processor does not reorder memory references and so always -provides sequential consistency. If you use `\|\c -.B \-m88100\c -\&\|', GNU CC does -not generate any special instructions for sequential consistency. -.Sp -The order of memory references made by the m88110 processor does not -always match the order of the instructions requesting those references. -In particular, a load instruction may execute before a preceding store -instruction. Such reordering violates sequential consistency of -volatile memory references, when there are multiple processors. When -you use `\|\c -.B \-m88000\c -\&\|' or `\|\c -.B \-m88110\c -\&\|', GNU CC generates special -instructions when appropriate, to force execution in the proper order. -.Sp -The extra code generated to guarantee consistency may affect the -performance of your application. If you know that you can safely forgo -this guarantee, you may use the option `\|\c -.B \-mno-serialize-volatile\c -\&\|'. -.Sp -If you use the `\|\c -.B \-m88100\c -\&\|' option but require sequential consistency -when running on the m88110 processor, you should use -`\|\c -.B \-mserialize-volatile\c -\&\|'. -.PP -.B \-msvr4 -.TP -.B \-msvr3 -Turn on (`\|\c -.B \-msvr4\c -\&\|') or off (`\|\c -.B \-msvr3\c -\&\|') compiler extensions -related to System V release 4 (SVr4). This controls the following: -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -Which variant of the assembler syntax to emit (which you can select -independently using `\|\c -.B \-mversion\-03.00\c -\&\|'). -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -`\|\c -.B \-msvr4\c -\&\|' makes the C preprocessor recognize `\|\c -.B #pragma weak\c -\&\|' -.TP -\ \ \ \(bu -`\|\c -.B \-msvr4\c -\&\|' makes GCC issue additional declaration directives used in -SVr4. -.PP -`\|\c -.B \-msvr3\c -\&\|' is the default for all m88K configurations except -the SVr4 configuration. -.TP -.B \-mtrap\-large\-shift -.TP -.B \-mhandle\-large\-shift -Include code to detect bit-shifts of more than 31 bits; respectively, -trap such shifts or emit code to handle them properly. By default GCC -makes no special provision for large bit shifts. -.TP -.B \-muse\-div\-instruction -Very early models of the 88K architecture didn't have a divide -instruction, so GCC avoids that instruction by default. Use this option -to specify that it's safe to use the divide instruction. -.TP -.B \-mversion\-03.00 -In the DG/UX configuration, there are two flavors of SVr4. This option -modifies -.B \-msvr4 -to select whether the hybrid-COFF or real-ELF -flavor is used. All other configurations ignore this option. -.TP -.B \-mwarn\-passed\-structs -Warn when a function passes a struct as an argument or result. -Structure-passing conventions have changed during the evolution of the C -language, and are often the source of portability problems. By default, -GCC issues no such warning. -.PP -These options are defined for the IBM RS6000: -.PP -.B \-mfp\-in\-toc -.TP -.B \-mno\-fp\-in\-toc -Control whether or not floating-point constants go in the Table of -Contents (TOC), a table of all global variable and function addresses. By -default GCC puts floating-point constants there; if the TOC overflows, -`\|\c -.B \-mno\-fp\-in\-toc\c -\&\|' will reduce the size of the TOC, which may avoid -the overflow. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the IBM RT PC: -.TP -.B \-min\-line\-mul -Use an in-line code sequence for integer multiplies. This is the -default. -.TP -.B \-mcall\-lib\-mul -Call \c -.B lmul$$\c -\& for integer multiples. -.TP -.B \-mfull\-fp\-blocks -Generate full-size floating point data blocks, including the minimum -amount of scratch space recommended by IBM. This is the default. -.TP -.B \-mminimum\-fp\-blocks -Do not include extra scratch space in floating point data blocks. This -results in smaller code, but slower execution, since scratch space must -be allocated dynamically. -.TP -.B \-mfp\-arg\-in\-fpregs -Use a calling sequence incompatible with the IBM calling convention in -which floating point arguments are passed in floating point registers. -Note that \c -.B varargs.h\c -\& and \c -.B stdargs.h\c -\& will not work with -floating point operands if this option is specified. -.TP -.B \-mfp\-arg\-in\-gregs -Use the normal calling convention for floating point arguments. This is -the default. -.TP -.B \-mhc\-struct\-return -Return structures of more than one word in memory, rather than in a -register. This provides compatibility with the MetaWare HighC (hc) -compiler. Use `\|\c -.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return\c -\&\|' for compatibility with the -Portable C Compiler (pcc). -.TP -.B \-mnohc\-struct\-return -Return some structures of more than one word in registers, when -convenient. This is the default. For compatibility with the -IBM-supplied compilers, use either `\|\c -.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return\c -\&\|' or -`\|\c -.B \-mhc\-struct\-return\c -\&\|'. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the MIPS family of computers: -.TP -.BI "\-mcpu=" "cpu-type" -Assume the defaults for the machine type -.I cpu-type -when -scheduling instructions. The default -.I cpu-type -is -.BR default , -which picks the longest cycles times for any of the machines, in order -that the code run at reasonable rates on all MIPS cpu's. Other -choices for -.I cpu-type -are -.BR r2000 , -.BR r3000 , -.BR r4000 , -and -.BR r6000 . -While picking a specific -.I cpu-type -will schedule things appropriately for that particular chip, the -compiler will not generate any code that does not meet level 1 of the -MIPS ISA (instruction set architecture) without the -.B \-mips2 -or -.B \-mips3 -switches being used. -.TP -.B \-mips2 -Issue instructions from level 2 of the MIPS ISA (branch likely, square -root instructions). The -.B \-mcpu=r4000 -or -.B \-mcpu=r6000 -switch must be used in conjunction with -.BR \-mips2 . -.TP -.B \-mips3 -Issue instructions from level 3 of the MIPS ISA (64 bit instructions). -The -.B \-mcpu=r4000 -switch must be used in conjunction with -.BR \-mips2 . -.TP -.B \-mint64 -.TP -.B \-mlong64 -.TP -.B \-mlonglong128 -These options don't work at present. -.TP -.B \-mmips\-as -Generate code for the MIPS assembler, and invoke -.B mips\-tfile -to add normal debug information. This is the default for all -platforms except for the OSF/1 reference platform, using the OSF/rose -object format. If any of the -.BR \-ggdb , -.BR \-gstabs , -or -.B \-gstabs+ -switches are used, the -.B mips\-tfile -program will encapsulate the stabs within MIPS ECOFF. -.TP -.B \-mgas -Generate code for the GNU assembler. This is the default on the OSF/1 -reference platform, using the OSF/rose object format. -.TP -.B \-mrnames -.TP -.B \-mno\-rnames -The -.B \-mrnames -switch says to output code using the MIPS software names for the -registers, instead of the hardware names (ie, -.B a0 -instead of -.BR $4 ). -The GNU assembler does not support the -.B \-mrnames -switch, and the MIPS assembler will be instructed to run the MIPS C -preprocessor over the source file. The -.B \-mno\-rnames -switch is default. -.TP -.B \-mgpopt -.TP -.B \-mno\-gpopt -The -.B \-mgpopt -switch says to write all of the data declarations before the -instructions in the text section, to all the MIPS assembler to -generate one word memory references instead of using two words for -short global or static data items. This is on by default if -optimization is selected. -.TP -.B \-mstats -.TP -.B \-mno\-stats -For each non-inline function processed, the -.B \-mstats -switch causes the compiler to emit one line to the standard error file -to print statistics about the program (number of registers saved, -stack size, etc.). -.TP -.B \-mmemcpy -.TP -.B \-mno\-memcpy -The -.B \-mmemcpy -switch makes all block moves call the appropriate string function -.RB ( memcpy -or -.BR bcopy ) -instead of possibly generating inline code. -.TP -.B \-mmips\-tfile -.TP -.B \-mno\-mips\-tfile -The -.B \-mno\-mips\-tfile -switch causes the compiler not postprocess the object file with the -.B mips\-tfile -program, after the MIPS assembler has generated it to add debug -support. If -.B mips\-tfile -is not run, then no local variables will be available to the debugger. -In addition, -.B stage2 -and -.B stage3 -objects will have the temporary file names passed to the assembler -embedded in the object file, which means the objects will not compare -the same. -.TP -.B \-msoft\-float -Generate output containing library calls for floating point. -.I -WARNING: -the requisite libraries are not part of GNU CC. Normally the -facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but this can't -be done directly in cross-compilation. You must make your own -arrangements to provide suitable library functions for cross-compilation. -.TP -.B \-mhard\-float -Generate output containing floating point instructions. This is the -default if you use the unmodified sources. -.TP -.B \-mfp64 -Assume that the -.B FR -bit in the status word is on, and that there are 32 64-bit floating -point registers, instead of 32 32-bit floating point registers. You -must also specify the -.B \-mcpu=r4000 -and -.B \-mips3 -switches. -.TP -.B \-mfp32 -Assume that there are 32 32-bit floating point registers. This is the -default. -.PP -.B \-mabicalls -.TP -.B \-mno\-abicalls -Emit (or do not emit) the -.BR \&.abicalls , -.BR \&.cpload , -and -.B \&.cprestore -pseudo operations that some System V.4 ports use for position -independent code. -.TP -.B \-mhalf\-pic -.TP -.B \-mno\-half\-pic -The -.B \-mhalf\-pic -switch says to put pointers to extern references into the data section -and load them up, rather than put the references in the text section. -This option does not work at present. -.B -.BI \-G num -Put global and static items less than or equal to -.I num -bytes into the small data or bss sections instead of the normal data -or bss section. This allows the assembler to emit one word memory -reference instructions based on the global pointer -.RB ( gp -or -.BR $28 ), -instead of the normal two words used. By default, -.I num -is 8 when the MIPS assembler is used, and 0 when the GNU -assembler is used. The -.BI \-G num -switch is also passed to the assembler and linker. All modules should -be compiled with the same -.BI \-G num -value. -.TP -.B \-nocpp -Tell the MIPS assembler to not run its preprocessor over user -assembler files (with a `\|\c -.B .s\c -\&\|' suffix) when assembling them. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the Intel 80386 family of computers: -.B \-m486 -.TP -.B \-mno\-486 -Control whether or not code is optimized for a 486 instead of an -386. Code generated for a 486 will run on a 386 and vice versa. -.TP -.B \-msoft\-float -Generate output containing library calls for floating point. -.I Warning: -the requisite libraries are not part of GNU CC. -Normally the facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but -this can't be done directly in cross-compilation. You must make your -own arrangements to provide suitable library functions for -cross-compilation. -.Sp -On machines where a function returns floating point results in the 80387 -register stack, some floating point opcodes may be emitted even if -`\|\c -.B \-msoft-float\c -\&\|' is used. -.TP -.B \-mno-fp-ret-in-387 -Do not use the FPU registers for return values of functions. -.Sp -The usual calling convention has functions return values of types -.B float\c -\& and \c -.B double\c -\& in an FPU register, even if there -is no FPU. The idea is that the operating system should emulate -an FPU. -.Sp -The option `\|\c -.B \-mno-fp-ret-in-387\c -\&\|' causes such values to be returned -in ordinary CPU registers instead. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the HPPA family of computers: -.TP -.B \-mpa-risc-1-0 -Generate code for a PA 1.0 processor. -.TP -.B \-mpa-risc-1-1 -Generate code for a PA 1.1 processor. -.TP -.B \-mkernel -Generate code which is suitable for use in kernels. Specifically, avoid -.B add\c -\& instructions in which one of the arguments is the DP register; -generate \c -.B addil\c -\& instructions instead. This avoids a rather serious -bug in the HP-UX linker. -.TP -.B \-mshared-libs -Generate code that can be linked against HP-UX shared libraries. This option -is not fully function yet, and is not on by default for any PA target. Using -this option can cause incorrect code to be generated by the compiler. -.TP -.B \-mno-shared-libs -Don't generate code that will be linked against shared libraries. This is -the default for all PA targets. -.TP -.B \-mlong-calls -Generate code which allows calls to functions greater than 256K away from -the caller when the caller and callee are in the same source file. Do -not turn this option on unless code refuses to link with \*(lqbranch out of -range errors\*('' from the linker. -.TP -.B \-mdisable-fpregs -Prevent floating point registers from being used in any manner. This is -necessary for compiling kernels which perform lazy context switching of -floating point registers. If you use this option and attempt to perform -floating point operations, the compiler will abort. -.TP -.B \-mdisable-indexing -Prevent the compiler from using indexing address modes. This avoids some -rather obscure problems when compiling MIG generated code under MACH. -.TP -.B \-mtrailing-colon -Add a colon to the end of label definitions (for ELF assemblers). -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the Intel 80960 family of computers: -.TP -.BI "\-m" "cpu-type" -Assume the defaults for the machine type -.I cpu-type -for instruction and addressing-mode availability and alignment. -The default -.I cpu-type -is -.BR kb ; -other choices are -.BR ka , -.BR mc , -.BR ca , -.BR cf , -.BR sa , -and -.BR sb . -.TP -.B \-mnumerics -.TP -.B \-msoft\-float -The -.B \-mnumerics -option indicates that the processor does support -floating-point instructions. The -.B \-msoft\-float -option indicates -that floating-point support should not be assumed. -.TP -.B \-mleaf\-procedures -.TP -.B \-mno\-leaf\-procedures -Do (or do not) attempt to alter leaf procedures to be callable with the -.I bal -instruction as well as -.IR call . -This will result in more -efficient code for explicit calls when the -.I bal -instruction can be -substituted by the assembler or linker, but less efficient code in other -cases, such as calls via function pointers, or using a linker that doesn't -support this optimization. -.TP -.B \-mtail\-call -.TP -.B \-mno\-tail\-call -Do (or do not) make additional attempts (beyond those of the -machine-independent portions of the compiler) to optimize tail-recursive -calls into branches. You may not want to do this because the detection of -cases where this is not valid is not totally complete. The default is -.BR \-mno\-tail\-call . -.TP -.B \-mcomplex\-addr -.TP -.B \-mno\-complex\-addr -Assume (or do not assume) that the use of a complex addressing mode is a -win on this implementation of the i960. Complex addressing modes may not -be worthwhile on the K-series, but they definitely are on the C-series. -The default is currently -.B \-mcomplex\-addr -for all processors except -the CB and CC. -.TP -.B \-mcode\-align -.TP -.B \-mno\-code\-align -Align code to 8-byte boundaries for faster fetching (or don't bother). -Currently turned on by default for C-series implementations only. -.TP -.B \-mic\-compat -.TP -.B \-mic2.0\-compat -.TP -.B \-mic3.0\-compat -Enable compatibility with iC960 v2.0 or v3.0. -.TP -.B \-masm\-compat -.TP -.B \-mintel\-asm -Enable compatibility with the iC960 assembler. -.TP -.B \-mstrict\-align -.TP -.B \-mno\-strict\-align -Do not permit (do permit) unaligned accesses. -.TP -.B \-mold\-align -Enable structure-alignment compatibility with Intel's gcc release version -1.3 (based on gcc 1.37). Currently this is buggy in that -.B #pragma align 1 -is always assumed as well, and cannot be turned off. -.PP -These `\|\c -.B \-m\c -\&\|' options are defined for the DEC Alpha implementations: -.TP -.B \-mno-soft-float -.TP -.B \-msoft-float -Use (do not use) the hardware floating-point instructions for -floating-point operations. When \c -.B \-msoft-float\c -\& is specified, -functions in `\|\c -.B libgcc1.c\c -\&\|' will be used to perform floating-point -operations. Unless they are replaced by routines that emulate the -floating-point operations, or compiled in such a way as to call such -emulations routines, these routines will issue floating-point -operations. If you are compiling for an Alpha without floating-point -operations, you must ensure that the library is built so as not to call -them. -.Sp -Note that Alpha implementations without floating-point operations are -required to have floating-point registers. -.TP -.B \-mfp-reg -.TP -.B \-mno-fp-regs -Generate code that uses (does not use) the floating-point register set. -.B \-mno-fp-regs\c -\& implies \c -.B \-msoft-float\c -\&. If the floating-point -register set is not used, floating point operands are passed in integer -registers as if they were integers and floating-point results are passed -in $0 instead of $f0. This is a non-standard calling sequence, so any -function with a floating-point argument or return value called by code -compiled with \c -.B \-mno-fp-regs\c -\& must also be compiled with that -option. -.Sp -A typical use of this option is building a kernel that does not use, -and hence need not save and restore, any floating-point registers. -.PP -These additional options are available on System V Release 4 for -compatibility with other compilers on those systems: -.TP -.B \-G -On SVr4 systems, \c -.B gcc\c -\& accepts the option `\|\c -.B \-G\c -\&\|' (and passes -it to the system linker), for compatibility with other compilers. -However, we suggest you use `\|\c -.B \-symbolic\c -\&\|' or `\|\c -.B \-shared\c -\&\|' as -appropriate, instead of supplying linker options on the \c -.B gcc -command line. -.TP -.B \-Qy -Identify the versions of each tool used by the compiler, in a -.B .ident\c -\& assembler directive in the output. -.TP -.B \-Qn -Refrain from adding \c -.B .ident\c -\& directives to the output file (this is -the default). -.TP -.BI "\-YP," "dirs" -Search the directories \c -.I dirs\c -\&, and no others, for libraries -specified with `\|\c -.B \-l\c -\&\|'. You can separate directory entries in -.I dirs\c -\& from one another with colons. -.TP -.BI "\-Ym," "dir" -Look in the directory \c -.I dir\c -\& to find the M4 preprocessor. -The assembler uses this option. -.SH CODE GENERATION OPTIONS -These machine-independent options control the interface conventions -used in code generation. -.PP -Most of them begin with `\|\c -\-f\c -\&\|'. These options have both positive and negative forms; the negative form -of `\|\c -.B \-ffoo\c -\&\|' would be `\|\c -.B \-fno\-foo\c -\&\|'. In the table below, only -one of the forms is listed\(em\&the one which is not the default. You -can figure out the other form by either removing `\|\c -.B no\-\c -\&\|' or adding -it. -.TP -.B \-fnonnull\-objects -Assume that objects reached through references are not null -(C++ only). -.Sp -Normally, GNU C++ makes conservative assumptions about objects reached -through references. For example, the compiler must check that \c -.B a -is not null in code like the following: -.Sp -obj &a = g (); -a.f (2); -.Sp -Checking that references of this sort have non-null values requires -extra code, however, and it is unnecessary for many programs. You can -use `\|\c -.B \-fnonnull-objects\c -\&\|' to omit the checks for null, if your -program doesn't require checking. -.TP -.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return -Use the same convention for returning \c -.B struct\c -\& and \c -.B union -values that is used by the usual C compiler on your system. This -convention is less efficient for small structures, and on many -machines it fails to be reentrant; but it has the advantage of -allowing intercallability between GCC-compiled code and PCC-compiled -code. -.TP -.B \-freg\-struct\-return -Use the convention that -.B struct -and -.B union -values are returned in registers when possible. This is more -efficient for small structures than -.BR \-fpcc\-struct\-return . -.Sp -If you specify neither -.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return -nor -.BR \-freg\-struct\-return , -GNU CC defaults to whichever convention is standard for the target. -If there is no standard convention, GNU CC defaults to -.BR \-fpcc\-struct\-return . -.TP -.B \-fshort\-enums -Allocate to an \c -.B enum\c -\& type only as many bytes as it needs for the -declared range of possible values. Specifically, the \c -.B enum\c -\& type -will be equivalent to the smallest integer type which has enough room. -.TP -.B \-fshort\-double -Use the same size for -.B double -as for -.B float -\&. -.TP -.B \-fshared\-data -Requests that the data and non-\c -.B const\c -\& variables of this -compilation be shared data rather than private data. The distinction -makes sense only on certain operating systems, where shared data is -shared between processes running the same program, while private data -exists in one copy per process. -.TP -.B \-fno\-common -Allocate even uninitialized global variables in the bss section of the -object file, rather than generating them as common blocks. This has the -effect that if the same variable is declared (without \c -.B extern\c -\&) in -two different compilations, you will get an error when you link them. -The only reason this might be useful is if you wish to verify that the -program will work on other systems which always work this way. -.TP -.B \-fno\-ident -Ignore the `\|\c -.B #ident\c -\&\|' directive. -.TP -.B \-fno\-gnu\-linker -Do not output global initializations (such as C++ constructors and -destructors) in the form used by the GNU linker (on systems where the GNU -linker is the standard method of handling them). Use this option when -you want to use a non-GNU linker, which also requires using the -.B collect2\c -\& program to make sure the system linker includes -constructors and destructors. (\c -.B collect2\c -\& is included in the GNU CC -distribution.) For systems which \c -.I must\c -\& use \c -.B collect2\c -\&, the -compiler driver \c -.B gcc\c -\& is configured to do this automatically. -.TP -.B \-finhibit-size-directive -Don't output a \c -.B .size\c -\& assembler directive, or anything else that -would cause trouble if the function is split in the middle, and the -two halves are placed at locations far apart in memory. This option is -used when compiling `\|\c -.B crtstuff.c\c -\&\|'; you should not need to use it -for anything else. -.TP -.B \-fverbose-asm -Put extra commentary information in the generated assembly code to -make it more readable. This option is generally only of use to those -who actually need to read the generated assembly code (perhaps while -debugging the compiler itself). -.TP -.B \-fvolatile -Consider all memory references through pointers to be volatile. -.TP -.B \-fvolatile\-global -Consider all memory references to extern and global data items to -be volatile. -.TP -.B \-fpic -If supported for the target machines, generate position-independent code, -suitable for use in a shared library. -.TP -.B \-fPIC -If supported for the target machine, emit position-independent code, -suitable for dynamic linking, even if branches need large displacements. -.TP -.BI "\-ffixed\-" "reg" -Treat the register named \c -.I reg\c -\& as a fixed register; generated code -should never refer to it (except perhaps as a stack pointer, frame -pointer or in some other fixed role). -.Sp -.I reg\c -\& must be the name of a register. The register names accepted -are machine-specific and are defined in the \c -.B REGISTER_NAMES -macro in the machine description macro file. -.Sp -This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a -three-way choice. -.TP -.BI "\-fcall\-used\-" "reg" -Treat the register named \c -.I reg\c -\& as an allocable register that is -clobbered by function calls. It may be allocated for temporaries or -variables that do not live across a call. Functions compiled this way -will not save and restore the register \c -.I reg\c -\&. -.Sp -Use of this flag for a register that has a fixed pervasive role in the -machine's execution model, such as the stack pointer or frame pointer, -will produce disastrous results. -.Sp -This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a -three-way choice. -.TP -.BI "\-fcall\-saved\-" "reg" -Treat the register named \c -.I reg\c -\& as an allocable register saved by -functions. It may be allocated even for temporaries or variables that -live across a call. Functions compiled this way will save and restore -the register \c -.I reg\c -\& if they use it. -.Sp -Use of this flag for a register that has a fixed pervasive role in the -machine's execution model, such as the stack pointer or frame pointer, -will produce disastrous results. -.Sp -A different sort of disaster will result from the use of this flag for -a register in which function values may be returned. -.Sp -This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a -three-way choice. -.SH PRAGMAS -Two `\|\c -.B #pragma\c -\&\|' directives are supported for GNU C++, to permit using the same -header file for two purposes: as a definition of interfaces to a given -object class, and as the full definition of the contents of that object class. -.TP -.B #pragma interface -(C++ only.) -Use this directive in header files that define object classes, to save -space in most of the object files that use those classes. Normally, -local copies of certain information (backup copies of inline member -functions, debugging information, and the internal tables that -implement virtual functions) must be kept in each object file that -includes class definitions. You can use this pragma to avoid such -duplication. When a header file containing `\|\c -.B #pragma interface\c -\&\|' is included in a compilation, this auxiliary information -will not be generated (unless the main input source file itself uses -`\|\c -.B #pragma implementation\c -\&\|'). Instead, the object files will contain references to be -resolved at link time. -.TP -.B #pragma implementation -.TP -\fB#pragma implementation "\fP\fIobjects\fP\fB.h"\fP -(C++ only.) -Use this pragma in a main input file, when you want full output from -included header files to be generated (and made globally visible). -The included header file, in turn, should use `\|\c -.B #pragma interface\c -\&\|'. -Backup copies of inline member functions, debugging information, and -the internal tables used to implement virtual functions are all -generated in implementation files. -.Sp -If you use `\|\c -.B #pragma implementation\c -\&\|' with no argument, it applies to an include file with the same -basename as your source file; for example, in `\|\c -.B allclass.cc\c -\&\|', `\|\c -.B #pragma implementation\c -\&\|' by itself is equivalent to `\|\c -.B -#pragma implementation "allclass.h"\c -\&\|'. Use the string argument if you want a single implementation -file to include code from multiple header files. -.Sp -There is no way to split up the contents of a single header file into -multiple implementation files. -.SH FILES -.nf -.ta \w'LIBDIR/g++\-include 'u -file.c C source file -file.h C header (preprocessor) file -file.i preprocessed C source file -file.C C++ source file -file.cc C++ source file -file.cxx C++ source file -file.m Objective-C source file -file.s assembly language file -file.o object file -a.out link edited output -\fITMPDIR\fR/cc\(** temporary files -\fILIBDIR\fR/cpp preprocessor -\fILIBDIR\fR/cc1 compiler for C -\fILIBDIR\fR/cc1plus compiler for C++ -\fILIBDIR\fR/collect linker front end needed on some machines -\fILIBDIR\fR/libgcc.a GCC subroutine library -/lib/crt[01n].o start-up routine -\fILIBDIR\fR/ccrt0 additional start-up routine for C++ -/lib/libc.a standard C library, see -.IR intro (3) -/usr/include standard directory for \fB#include\fP files -\fILIBDIR\fR/include standard gcc directory for \fB#include\fP files -\fILIBDIR\fR/g++\-include additional g++ directory for \fB#include\fP -.Sp -.fi -.I LIBDIR -is usually -.B /usr/local/lib/\c -.IR machine / version . -.br -.I TMPDIR -comes from the environment variable -.B TMPDIR -(default -.B /usr/tmp -if available, else -.B /tmp\c -\&). -.SH "SEE ALSO" -cpp(1), as(1), ld(1), gdb(1), adb(1), dbx(1), sdb(1). -.br -.RB "`\|" gcc "\|', `\|" cpp \|', -.RB "`\|" as "\|', `\|" ld \|', -and -.RB `\| gdb \|' -entries in -.B info\c -\&. -.br -.I -Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c -, Richard M. Stallman; -.I -The C Preprocessor\c -, Richard M. Stallman; -.I -Debugging with GDB: the GNU Source-Level Debugger\c -, Richard M. Stallman and Roland H. Pesch; -.I -Using as: the GNU Assembler\c -, Dean Elsner, Jay Fenlason & friends; -.I -ld: the GNU linker\c -, Steve Chamberlain and Roland Pesch. -.SH BUGS -For instructions on reporting bugs, see the GCC manual. -.SH COPYING -Copyright -.if t \(co -1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -.PP -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. -.PP -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the -entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. -.PP -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this -manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified -versions, except that this permission notice may be included in -translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in -the original English. -.SH AUTHORS -See the GNU CC Manual for the contributors to GNU CC. diff --git a/contrib/gcc/objc/sendmsg.c b/contrib/gcc/objc/sendmsg.c deleted file mode 100644 index 245b8b9eaf79..000000000000 --- a/contrib/gcc/objc/sendmsg.c +++ /dev/null @@ -1,651 +0,0 @@ -/* GNU Objective C Runtime message lookup - Copyright (C) 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - Contributed by Kresten Krab Thorup - -This file is part of GNU CC. - -GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the -terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software -Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. - -GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY -WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS -FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more -details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with -GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software -Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, -Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ - -/* As a special exception, if you link this library with files compiled with - GCC to produce an executable, this does not cause the resulting executable - to be covered by the GNU General Public License. This exception does not - however invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be - covered by the GNU General Public License. */ - -#include "../tconfig.h" -#include "runtime.h" -#include "sarray.h" -#include "encoding.h" -#include "runtime-info.h" - -/* this is how we hack STRUCT_VALUE to be 1 or 0 */ -#define gen_rtx(args...) 1 -#define gen_rtx_MEM(args...) 1 -#define rtx int - -#if !defined(STRUCT_VALUE) || STRUCT_VALUE == 0 -#define INVISIBLE_STRUCT_RETURN 1 -#else -#define INVISIBLE_STRUCT_RETURN 0 -#endif - -/* The uninstalled dispatch table */ -struct sarray* __objc_uninstalled_dtable = 0; /* !T:MUTEX */ - -/* Send +initialize to class */ -static void __objc_send_initialize(Class); - -static void __objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (Class); - -/* Forward declare some functions */ -static void __objc_init_install_dtable(id, SEL); - -/* Various forwarding functions that are used based upon the - return type for the selector. - __objc_block_forward for structures. - __objc_double_forward for floats/doubles. - __objc_word_forward for pointers or types that fit in registers. - */ -static double __objc_double_forward(id, SEL, ...); -static id __objc_word_forward(id, SEL, ...); -typedef struct { id many[8]; } __big; -#if INVISIBLE_STRUCT_RETURN -static __big -#else -static id -#endif -__objc_block_forward(id, SEL, ...); -static Method_t search_for_method_in_hierarchy (Class class, SEL sel); -Method_t search_for_method_in_list(MethodList_t list, SEL op); -id nil_method(id, SEL, ...); - -/* Given a selector, return the proper forwarding implementation. */ -__inline__ -IMP -__objc_get_forward_imp (SEL sel) -{ - const char *t = sel->sel_types; - - if (t && (*t == '[' || *t == '(' || *t == '{') -#ifdef OBJC_MAX_STRUCT_BY_VALUE - && objc_sizeof_type(t) > OBJC_MAX_STRUCT_BY_VALUE -#endif - ) - return (IMP)__objc_block_forward; - else if (t && (*t == 'f' || *t == 'd')) - return (IMP)__objc_double_forward; - else - return (IMP)__objc_word_forward; -} - -/* Given a class and selector, return the selector's implementation. */ -__inline__ -IMP -get_imp (Class class, SEL sel) -{ - void* res = sarray_get_safe (class->dtable, (size_t) sel->sel_id); - if (res == 0) - { - /* Not a valid method */ - if(class->dtable == __objc_uninstalled_dtable) - { - /* The dispatch table needs to be installed. */ - objc_mutex_lock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - __objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (class); - objc_mutex_unlock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - /* Call ourselves with the installed dispatch table - and get the real method */ - res = get_imp(class, sel); - } - else - { - /* The dispatch table has been installed so the - method just doesn't exist for the class. - Return the forwarding implementation. */ - res = __objc_get_forward_imp(sel); - } - } - return res; -} - -/* Query if an object can respond to a selector, returns YES if the -object implements the selector otherwise NO. Does not check if the -method can be forwarded. */ -__inline__ -BOOL -__objc_responds_to (id object, SEL sel) -{ - void* res; - - /* Install dispatch table if need be */ - if (object->class_pointer->dtable == __objc_uninstalled_dtable) - { - objc_mutex_lock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - __objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (object->class_pointer); - objc_mutex_unlock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - } - - /* Get the method from the dispatch table */ - res = sarray_get_safe (object->class_pointer->dtable, (size_t) sel->sel_id); - return (res != 0); -} - -/* This is the lookup function. All entries in the table are either a - valid method *or* zero. If zero then either the dispatch table - needs to be installed or it doesn't exist and forwarding is attempted. */ -__inline__ -IMP -objc_msg_lookup(id receiver, SEL op) -{ - IMP result; - if(receiver) - { - result = sarray_get_safe (receiver->class_pointer->dtable, - (sidx)op->sel_id); - if (result == 0) - { - /* Not a valid method */ - if(receiver->class_pointer->dtable == __objc_uninstalled_dtable) - { - /* The dispatch table needs to be installed. - This happens on the very first method call to the class. */ - __objc_init_install_dtable(receiver, op); - - /* Get real method for this in newly installed dtable */ - result = get_imp(receiver->class_pointer, op); - } - else - { - /* The dispatch table has been installed so the - method just doesn't exist for the class. - Attempt to forward the method. */ - result = __objc_get_forward_imp(op); - } - } - return result; - } - else - return nil_method; -} - -IMP -objc_msg_lookup_super (Super_t super, SEL sel) -{ - if (super->self) - return get_imp (super->class, sel); - else - return nil_method; -} - -int method_get_sizeof_arguments (Method*); - -retval_t -objc_msg_sendv(id object, SEL op, arglist_t arg_frame) -{ - Method* m = class_get_instance_method(object->class_pointer, op); - const char *type; - *((id*)method_get_first_argument (m, arg_frame, &type)) = object; - *((SEL*)method_get_next_argument (arg_frame, &type)) = op; - return __builtin_apply((apply_t)m->method_imp, - arg_frame, - method_get_sizeof_arguments (m)); -} - -void -__objc_init_dispatch_tables() -{ - __objc_uninstalled_dtable - = sarray_new(200, 0); -} - -/* This function is called by objc_msg_lookup when the - dispatch table needs to be installed; thus it is called once - for each class, namely when the very first message is sent to it. */ -static void -__objc_init_install_dtable(id receiver, SEL op) -{ - /* This may happen, if the programmer has taken the address of a - method before the dtable was initialized... too bad for him! */ - if(receiver->class_pointer->dtable != __objc_uninstalled_dtable) - return; - - objc_mutex_lock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - - if(CLS_ISCLASS(receiver->class_pointer)) - { - /* receiver is an ordinary object */ - assert(CLS_ISCLASS(receiver->class_pointer)); - - /* install instance methods table */ - __objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (receiver->class_pointer); - - /* call +initialize -- this will in turn install the factory - dispatch table if not already done :-) */ - __objc_send_initialize(receiver->class_pointer); - } - else - { - /* receiver is a class object */ - assert(CLS_ISCLASS((Class)receiver)); - assert(CLS_ISMETA(receiver->class_pointer)); - - /* Install real dtable for factory methods */ - __objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (receiver->class_pointer); - - if (strcmp (sel_get_name (op), "initialize")) - __objc_send_initialize((Class)receiver); - else - CLS_SETINITIALIZED((Class)receiver); - } - objc_mutex_unlock(__objc_runtime_mutex); -} - -/* Install dummy table for class which causes the first message to - that class (or instances hereof) to be initialized properly */ -void -__objc_install_premature_dtable(Class class) -{ - assert(__objc_uninstalled_dtable); - class->dtable = __objc_uninstalled_dtable; -} - -/* Send +initialize to class if not already done */ -static void -__objc_send_initialize(Class class) -{ - /* This *must* be a class object */ - assert(CLS_ISCLASS(class)); - assert(!CLS_ISMETA(class)); - - if (!CLS_ISINITIALIZED(class)) - { - CLS_SETINITIALIZED(class); - CLS_SETINITIALIZED(class->class_pointer); - - if(class->super_class) - __objc_send_initialize(class->super_class); - - { - SEL op = sel_register_name ("initialize"); - Class tmpclass = class; - IMP imp = 0; - - while (!imp && tmpclass) { - MethodList_t method_list = tmpclass->class_pointer->methods; - - while(!imp && method_list) { - int i; - Method_t method; - - for (i=0;i<method_list->method_count;i++) { - method = &(method_list->method_list[i]); - if (method->method_name - && method->method_name->sel_id == op->sel_id) { - imp = method->method_imp; - break; - } - } - - method_list = method_list->method_next; - - } - - tmpclass = tmpclass->super_class; - } - if (imp) - (*imp)((id)class, op); - - } - } -} - -/* Walk on the methods list of class and install the methods in the reverse - order of the lists. Since methods added by categories are before the methods - of class in the methods list, this allows categories to substitute methods - declared in class. However if more than one category replaces the same - method nothing is guaranteed about what method will be used. - Assumes that __objc_runtime_mutex is locked down. */ -static void -__objc_install_methods_in_dtable (Class class, MethodList_t method_list) -{ - int i; - - if (!method_list) - return; - - if (method_list->method_next) - __objc_install_methods_in_dtable (class, method_list->method_next); - - for (i = 0; i < method_list->method_count; i++) - { - Method_t method = &(method_list->method_list[i]); - sarray_at_put_safe (class->dtable, - (sidx) method->method_name->sel_id, - method->method_imp); - } -} - -/* Assumes that __objc_runtime_mutex is locked down. */ -static void -__objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (Class class) -{ - Class super; - - /* If the class has not yet had its class links resolved, we must - re-compute all class links */ - if(!CLS_ISRESOLV(class)) - __objc_resolve_class_links(); - - super = class->super_class; - - if (super != 0 && (super->dtable == __objc_uninstalled_dtable)) - __objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (super); - - /* Allocate dtable if necessary */ - if (super == 0) - { - objc_mutex_lock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - class->dtable = sarray_new (__objc_selector_max_index, 0); - objc_mutex_unlock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - } - else - class->dtable = sarray_lazy_copy (super->dtable); - - __objc_install_methods_in_dtable (class, class->methods); -} - -void -__objc_update_dispatch_table_for_class (Class class) -{ - Class next; - struct sarray *arr; - - /* not yet installed -- skip it */ - if (class->dtable == __objc_uninstalled_dtable) - return; - - objc_mutex_lock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - - arr = class->dtable; - __objc_install_premature_dtable (class); /* someone might require it... */ - sarray_free (arr); /* release memory */ - - /* could have been lazy... */ - __objc_install_dispatch_table_for_class (class); - - if (class->subclass_list) /* Traverse subclasses */ - for (next = class->subclass_list; next; next = next->sibling_class) - __objc_update_dispatch_table_for_class (next); - - objc_mutex_unlock(__objc_runtime_mutex); -} - - -/* This function adds a method list to a class. This function is - typically called by another function specific to the run-time. As - such this function does not worry about thread safe issues. - - This one is only called for categories. Class objects have their - methods installed right away, and their selectors are made into - SEL's by the function __objc_register_selectors_from_class. */ -void -class_add_method_list (Class class, MethodList_t list) -{ - int i; - - /* Passing of a linked list is not allowed. Do multiple calls. */ - assert (!list->method_next); - - /* Check for duplicates. */ - for (i = 0; i < list->method_count; ++i) - { - Method_t method = &list->method_list[i]; - - if (method->method_name) /* Sometimes these are NULL */ - { - /* This is where selector names are transmogrified to SEL's */ - method->method_name = - sel_register_typed_name ((const char*)method->method_name, - method->method_types); - } - } - - /* Add the methods to the class's method list. */ - list->method_next = class->methods; - class->methods = list; - - /* Update the dispatch table of class */ - __objc_update_dispatch_table_for_class (class); -} - -Method_t -class_get_instance_method(Class class, SEL op) -{ - return search_for_method_in_hierarchy(class, op); -} - -Method_t -class_get_class_method(MetaClass class, SEL op) -{ - return search_for_method_in_hierarchy(class, op); -} - - -/* Search for a method starting from the current class up its hierarchy. - Return a pointer to the method's method structure if found. NULL - otherwise. */ - -static Method_t -search_for_method_in_hierarchy (Class cls, SEL sel) -{ - Method_t method = NULL; - Class class; - - if (! sel_is_mapped (sel)) - return NULL; - - /* Scan the method list of the class. If the method isn't found in the - list then step to its super class. */ - for (class = cls; ((! method) && class); class = class->super_class) - method = search_for_method_in_list (class->methods, sel); - - return method; -} - - - -/* Given a linked list of method and a method's name. Search for the named - method's method structure. Return a pointer to the method's method - structure if found. NULL otherwise. */ -Method_t -search_for_method_in_list (MethodList_t list, SEL op) -{ - MethodList_t method_list = list; - - if (! sel_is_mapped (op)) - return NULL; - - /* If not found then we'll search the list. */ - while (method_list) - { - int i; - - /* Search the method list. */ - for (i = 0; i < method_list->method_count; ++i) - { - Method_t method = &method_list->method_list[i]; - - if (method->method_name) - if (method->method_name->sel_id == op->sel_id) - return method; - } - - /* The method wasn't found. Follow the link to the next list of - methods. */ - method_list = method_list->method_next; - } - - return NULL; -} - -static retval_t __objc_forward (id object, SEL sel, arglist_t args); - -/* Forwarding pointers/integers through the normal registers */ -static id -__objc_word_forward (id rcv, SEL op, ...) -{ - void *args, *res; - - args = __builtin_apply_args (); - res = __objc_forward (rcv, op, args); - if (res) - __builtin_return (res); - else - return res; -} - -/* Specific routine for forwarding floats/double because of - architectural differences on some processors. i386s for - example which uses a floating point stack versus general - registers for floating point numbers. This forward routine - makes sure that GCC restores the proper return values */ -static double -__objc_double_forward (id rcv, SEL op, ...) -{ - void *args, *res; - - args = __builtin_apply_args (); - res = __objc_forward (rcv, op, args); - __builtin_return (res); -} - -#if INVISIBLE_STRUCT_RETURN -static __big -#else -static id -#endif -__objc_block_forward (id rcv, SEL op, ...) -{ - void *args, *res; - - args = __builtin_apply_args (); - res = __objc_forward (rcv, op, args); - if (res) - __builtin_return (res); - else -#if INVISIBLE_STRUCT_RETURN - return (__big) {{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}}; -#else - return nil; -#endif -} - - -/* This function is installed in the dispatch table for all methods which are - not implemented. Thus, it is called when a selector is not recognized. */ -static retval_t -__objc_forward (id object, SEL sel, arglist_t args) -{ - IMP imp; - static SEL frwd_sel = 0; /* !T:SAFE2 */ - SEL err_sel; - - /* first try if the object understands forward:: */ - if (!frwd_sel) - frwd_sel = sel_get_any_uid("forward::"); - - if (__objc_responds_to (object, frwd_sel)) - { - imp = get_imp(object->class_pointer, frwd_sel); - return (*imp)(object, frwd_sel, sel, args); - } - - /* If the object recognizes the doesNotRecognize: method then we're going - to send it. */ - err_sel = sel_get_any_uid ("doesNotRecognize:"); - if (__objc_responds_to (object, err_sel)) - { - imp = get_imp (object->class_pointer, err_sel); - return (*imp) (object, err_sel, sel); - } - - /* The object doesn't recognize the method. Check for responding to - error:. If it does then sent it. */ - { - size_t strlen (const char*); - char msg[256 + strlen ((const char*)sel_get_name (sel)) - + strlen ((const char*)object->class_pointer->name)]; - - sprintf (msg, "(%s) %s does not recognize %s", - (CLS_ISMETA(object->class_pointer) - ? "class" - : "instance" ), - object->class_pointer->name, sel_get_name (sel)); - - err_sel = sel_get_any_uid ("error:"); - if (__objc_responds_to (object, err_sel)) - { - imp = get_imp (object->class_pointer, err_sel); - return (*imp) (object, sel_get_any_uid ("error:"), msg); - } - - /* The object doesn't respond to doesNotRecognize: or error:; Therefore, - a default action is taken. */ - objc_error (object, OBJC_ERR_UNIMPLEMENTED, "%s\n", msg); - - return 0; - } -} - -void -__objc_print_dtable_stats() -{ - int total = 0; - - objc_mutex_lock(__objc_runtime_mutex); - - printf("memory usage: (%s)\n", -#ifdef OBJC_SPARSE2 - "2-level sparse arrays" -#else - "3-level sparse arrays" -#endif - ); - - printf("arrays: %d = %ld bytes\n", narrays, - (long)narrays*sizeof(struct sarray)); - total += narrays*sizeof(struct sarray); - printf("buckets: %d = %ld bytes\n", nbuckets, - (long)nbuckets*sizeof(struct sbucket)); - total += nbuckets*sizeof(struct sbucket); - - printf("idxtables: %d = %ld bytes\n", idxsize, (long)idxsize*sizeof(void*)); - total += idxsize*sizeof(void*); - printf("-----------------------------------\n"); - printf("total: %d bytes\n", total); - printf("===================================\n"); - - objc_mutex_unlock(__objc_runtime_mutex); -} - -/* Returns the uninstalled dispatch table indicator. - If a class' dispatch table points to __objc_uninstalled_dtable - then that means it needs its dispatch table to be installed. */ -__inline__ -struct sarray* -objc_get_uninstalled_dtable() -{ - return __objc_uninstalled_dtable; -} |