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+//===- ExecutionDriver.cpp - Allow execution of LLVM program --------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file contains code used to execute the program utilizing one of the
+// various ways of running LLVM bitcode.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "BugDriver.h"
+#include "ToolRunner.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/FileUtilities.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/SystemUtils.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
+#include <fstream>
+
+using namespace llvm;
+
+namespace {
+// OutputType - Allow the user to specify the way code should be run, to test
+// for miscompilation.
+//
+enum OutputType {
+ AutoPick,
+ RunLLI,
+ RunJIT,
+ RunLLC,
+ RunLLCIA,
+ LLC_Safe,
+ CompileCustom,
+ Custom
+};
+
+cl::opt<double> AbsTolerance("abs-tolerance",
+ cl::desc("Absolute error tolerated"),
+ cl::init(0.0));
+cl::opt<double> RelTolerance("rel-tolerance",
+ cl::desc("Relative error tolerated"),
+ cl::init(0.0));
+
+cl::opt<OutputType> InterpreterSel(
+ cl::desc("Specify the \"test\" i.e. suspect back-end:"),
+ cl::values(clEnumValN(AutoPick, "auto", "Use best guess"),
+ clEnumValN(RunLLI, "run-int", "Execute with the interpreter"),
+ clEnumValN(RunJIT, "run-jit", "Execute with JIT"),
+ clEnumValN(RunLLC, "run-llc", "Compile with LLC"),
+ clEnumValN(RunLLCIA, "run-llc-ia",
+ "Compile with LLC with integrated assembler"),
+ clEnumValN(LLC_Safe, "llc-safe", "Use LLC for all"),
+ clEnumValN(CompileCustom, "compile-custom",
+ "Use -compile-command to define a command to "
+ "compile the bitcode. Useful to avoid linking."),
+ clEnumValN(Custom, "run-custom",
+ "Use -exec-command to define a command to execute "
+ "the bitcode. Useful for cross-compilation.")),
+ cl::init(AutoPick));
+
+cl::opt<OutputType> SafeInterpreterSel(
+ cl::desc("Specify \"safe\" i.e. known-good backend:"),
+ cl::values(clEnumValN(AutoPick, "safe-auto", "Use best guess"),
+ clEnumValN(RunLLC, "safe-run-llc", "Compile with LLC"),
+ clEnumValN(Custom, "safe-run-custom",
+ "Use -exec-command to define a command to execute "
+ "the bitcode. Useful for cross-compilation.")),
+ cl::init(AutoPick));
+
+cl::opt<std::string> SafeInterpreterPath(
+ "safe-path", cl::desc("Specify the path to the \"safe\" backend program"),
+ cl::init(""));
+
+cl::opt<bool> AppendProgramExitCode(
+ "append-exit-code",
+ cl::desc("Append the exit code to the output so it gets diff'd too"),
+ cl::init(false));
+
+cl::opt<std::string>
+ InputFile("input", cl::init("/dev/null"),
+ cl::desc("Filename to pipe in as stdin (default: /dev/null)"));
+
+cl::list<std::string>
+ AdditionalSOs("additional-so", cl::desc("Additional shared objects to load "
+ "into executing programs"));
+
+cl::list<std::string> AdditionalLinkerArgs(
+ "Xlinker", cl::desc("Additional arguments to pass to the linker"));
+
+cl::opt<std::string> CustomCompileCommand(
+ "compile-command", cl::init("llc"),
+ cl::desc("Command to compile the bitcode (use with -compile-custom) "
+ "(default: llc)"));
+
+cl::opt<std::string> CustomExecCommand(
+ "exec-command", cl::init("simulate"),
+ cl::desc("Command to execute the bitcode (use with -run-custom) "
+ "(default: simulate)"));
+}
+
+namespace llvm {
+// Anything specified after the --args option are taken as arguments to the
+// program being debugged.
+cl::list<std::string> InputArgv("args", cl::Positional,
+ cl::desc("<program arguments>..."),
+ cl::ZeroOrMore, cl::PositionalEatsArgs);
+
+cl::opt<std::string>
+ OutputPrefix("output-prefix", cl::init("bugpoint"),
+ cl::desc("Prefix to use for outputs (default: 'bugpoint')"));
+}
+
+namespace {
+cl::list<std::string> ToolArgv("tool-args", cl::Positional,
+ cl::desc("<tool arguments>..."), cl::ZeroOrMore,
+ cl::PositionalEatsArgs);
+
+cl::list<std::string> SafeToolArgv("safe-tool-args", cl::Positional,
+ cl::desc("<safe-tool arguments>..."),
+ cl::ZeroOrMore, cl::PositionalEatsArgs);
+
+cl::opt<std::string> CCBinary("gcc", cl::init(""),
+ cl::desc("The gcc binary to use."));
+
+cl::list<std::string> CCToolArgv("gcc-tool-args", cl::Positional,
+ cl::desc("<gcc-tool arguments>..."),
+ cl::ZeroOrMore, cl::PositionalEatsArgs);
+}
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// BugDriver method implementation
+//
+
+/// initializeExecutionEnvironment - This method is used to set up the
+/// environment for executing LLVM programs.
+///
+Error BugDriver::initializeExecutionEnvironment() {
+ outs() << "Initializing execution environment: ";
+
+ // Create an instance of the AbstractInterpreter interface as specified on
+ // the command line
+ SafeInterpreter = nullptr;
+ std::string Message;
+
+ if (CCBinary.empty()) {
+ if (ErrorOr<std::string> ClangPath =
+ FindProgramByName("clang", getToolName(), &AbsTolerance))
+ CCBinary = *ClangPath;
+ else
+ CCBinary = "gcc";
+ }
+
+ switch (InterpreterSel) {
+ case AutoPick:
+ if (!Interpreter) {
+ InterpreterSel = RunJIT;
+ Interpreter =
+ AbstractInterpreter::createJIT(getToolName(), Message, &ToolArgv);
+ }
+ if (!Interpreter) {
+ InterpreterSel = RunLLC;
+ Interpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createLLC(
+ getToolName(), Message, CCBinary, &ToolArgv, &CCToolArgv);
+ }
+ if (!Interpreter) {
+ InterpreterSel = RunLLI;
+ Interpreter =
+ AbstractInterpreter::createLLI(getToolName(), Message, &ToolArgv);
+ }
+ if (!Interpreter) {
+ InterpreterSel = AutoPick;
+ Message = "Sorry, I can't automatically select an interpreter!\n";
+ }
+ break;
+ case RunLLI:
+ Interpreter =
+ AbstractInterpreter::createLLI(getToolName(), Message, &ToolArgv);
+ break;
+ case RunLLC:
+ case RunLLCIA:
+ case LLC_Safe:
+ Interpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createLLC(
+ getToolName(), Message, CCBinary, &ToolArgv, &CCToolArgv,
+ InterpreterSel == RunLLCIA);
+ break;
+ case RunJIT:
+ Interpreter =
+ AbstractInterpreter::createJIT(getToolName(), Message, &ToolArgv);
+ break;
+ case CompileCustom:
+ Interpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createCustomCompiler(
+ getToolName(), Message, CustomCompileCommand);
+ break;
+ case Custom:
+ Interpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createCustomExecutor(
+ getToolName(), Message, CustomExecCommand);
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!Interpreter)
+ errs() << Message;
+ else // Display informational messages on stdout instead of stderr
+ outs() << Message;
+
+ std::string Path = SafeInterpreterPath;
+ if (Path.empty())
+ Path = getToolName();
+ std::vector<std::string> SafeToolArgs = SafeToolArgv;
+ switch (SafeInterpreterSel) {
+ case AutoPick:
+ // In "llc-safe" mode, default to using LLC as the "safe" backend.
+ if (!SafeInterpreter && InterpreterSel == LLC_Safe) {
+ SafeInterpreterSel = RunLLC;
+ SafeToolArgs.push_back("--relocation-model=pic");
+ SafeInterpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createLLC(
+ Path.c_str(), Message, CCBinary, &SafeToolArgs, &CCToolArgv);
+ }
+
+ if (!SafeInterpreter && InterpreterSel != RunLLC &&
+ InterpreterSel != RunJIT) {
+ SafeInterpreterSel = RunLLC;
+ SafeToolArgs.push_back("--relocation-model=pic");
+ SafeInterpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createLLC(
+ Path.c_str(), Message, CCBinary, &SafeToolArgs, &CCToolArgv);
+ }
+ if (!SafeInterpreter) {
+ SafeInterpreterSel = AutoPick;
+ Message = "Sorry, I can't automatically select a safe interpreter!\n";
+ }
+ break;
+ case RunLLC:
+ case RunLLCIA:
+ SafeToolArgs.push_back("--relocation-model=pic");
+ SafeInterpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createLLC(
+ Path.c_str(), Message, CCBinary, &SafeToolArgs, &CCToolArgv,
+ SafeInterpreterSel == RunLLCIA);
+ break;
+ case Custom:
+ SafeInterpreter = AbstractInterpreter::createCustomExecutor(
+ getToolName(), Message, CustomExecCommand);
+ break;
+ default:
+ Message = "Sorry, this back-end is not supported by bugpoint as the "
+ "\"safe\" backend right now!\n";
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!SafeInterpreter) {
+ outs() << Message << "\nExiting.\n";
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ cc = CC::create(getToolName(), Message, CCBinary, &CCToolArgv);
+ if (!cc) {
+ outs() << Message << "\nExiting.\n";
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ // If there was an error creating the selected interpreter, quit with error.
+ if (Interpreter == nullptr)
+ return make_error<StringError>("Failed to init execution environment",
+ inconvertibleErrorCode());
+ return Error::success();
+}
+
+/// Try to compile the specified module, returning false and setting Error if an
+/// error occurs. This is used for code generation crash testing.
+Error BugDriver::compileProgram(Module &M) const {
+ // Emit the program to a bitcode file...
+ auto Temp =
+ sys::fs::TempFile::create(OutputPrefix + "-test-program-%%%%%%%.bc");
+ if (!Temp) {
+ errs() << ToolName
+ << ": Error making unique filename: " << toString(Temp.takeError())
+ << "\n";
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ DiscardTemp Discard{*Temp};
+ if (writeProgramToFile(Temp->FD, M)) {
+ errs() << ToolName << ": Error emitting bitcode to file '" << Temp->TmpName
+ << "'!\n";
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ // Actually compile the program!
+ return Interpreter->compileProgram(Temp->TmpName, Timeout, MemoryLimit);
+}
+
+/// This method runs "Program", capturing the output of the program to a file,
+/// returning the filename of the file. A recommended filename may be
+/// optionally specified.
+Expected<std::string> BugDriver::executeProgram(const Module &Program,
+ std::string OutputFile,
+ std::string BitcodeFile,
+ const std::string &SharedObj,
+ AbstractInterpreter *AI) const {
+ if (!AI)
+ AI = Interpreter;
+ assert(AI && "Interpreter should have been created already!");
+ bool CreatedBitcode = false;
+ if (BitcodeFile.empty()) {
+ // Emit the program to a bitcode file...
+ SmallString<128> UniqueFilename;
+ int UniqueFD;
+ std::error_code EC = sys::fs::createUniqueFile(
+ OutputPrefix + "-test-program-%%%%%%%.bc", UniqueFD, UniqueFilename);
+ if (EC) {
+ errs() << ToolName << ": Error making unique filename: " << EC.message()
+ << "!\n";
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ BitcodeFile = UniqueFilename.str();
+
+ if (writeProgramToFile(BitcodeFile, UniqueFD, Program)) {
+ errs() << ToolName << ": Error emitting bitcode to file '" << BitcodeFile
+ << "'!\n";
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ CreatedBitcode = true;
+ }
+
+ // Remove the temporary bitcode file when we are done.
+ std::string BitcodePath(BitcodeFile);
+ FileRemover BitcodeFileRemover(BitcodePath, CreatedBitcode && !SaveTemps);
+
+ if (OutputFile.empty())
+ OutputFile = OutputPrefix + "-execution-output-%%%%%%%";
+
+ // Check to see if this is a valid output filename...
+ SmallString<128> UniqueFile;
+ std::error_code EC = sys::fs::createUniqueFile(OutputFile, UniqueFile);
+ if (EC) {
+ errs() << ToolName << ": Error making unique filename: " << EC.message()
+ << "\n";
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ OutputFile = UniqueFile.str();
+
+ // Figure out which shared objects to run, if any.
+ std::vector<std::string> SharedObjs(AdditionalSOs);
+ if (!SharedObj.empty())
+ SharedObjs.push_back(SharedObj);
+
+ Expected<int> RetVal = AI->ExecuteProgram(BitcodeFile, InputArgv, InputFile,
+ OutputFile, AdditionalLinkerArgs,
+ SharedObjs, Timeout, MemoryLimit);
+ if (Error E = RetVal.takeError())
+ return std::move(E);
+
+ if (*RetVal == -1) {
+ errs() << "<timeout>";
+ static bool FirstTimeout = true;
+ if (FirstTimeout) {
+ outs()
+ << "\n"
+ "*** Program execution timed out! This mechanism is designed to "
+ "handle\n"
+ " programs stuck in infinite loops gracefully. The -timeout "
+ "option\n"
+ " can be used to change the timeout threshold or disable it "
+ "completely\n"
+ " (with -timeout=0). This message is only displayed once.\n";
+ FirstTimeout = false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (AppendProgramExitCode) {
+ std::ofstream outFile(OutputFile.c_str(), std::ios_base::app);
+ outFile << "exit " << *RetVal << '\n';
+ outFile.close();
+ }
+
+ // Return the filename we captured the output to.
+ return OutputFile;
+}
+
+/// Used to create reference output with the "safe" backend, if reference output
+/// is not provided.
+Expected<std::string>
+BugDriver::executeProgramSafely(const Module &Program,
+ const std::string &OutputFile) const {
+ return executeProgram(Program, OutputFile, "", "", SafeInterpreter);
+}
+
+Expected<std::string>
+BugDriver::compileSharedObject(const std::string &BitcodeFile) {
+ assert(Interpreter && "Interpreter should have been created already!");
+ std::string OutputFile;
+
+ // Using the known-good backend.
+ Expected<CC::FileType> FT =
+ SafeInterpreter->OutputCode(BitcodeFile, OutputFile);
+ if (Error E = FT.takeError())
+ return std::move(E);
+
+ std::string SharedObjectFile;
+ if (Error E = cc->MakeSharedObject(OutputFile, *FT, SharedObjectFile,
+ AdditionalLinkerArgs))
+ return std::move(E);
+
+ // Remove the intermediate C file
+ sys::fs::remove(OutputFile);
+
+ return SharedObjectFile;
+}
+
+/// Calls compileProgram and then records the output into ReferenceOutputFile.
+/// Returns true if reference file created, false otherwise. Note:
+/// initializeExecutionEnvironment should be called BEFORE this function.
+Error BugDriver::createReferenceFile(Module &M, const std::string &Filename) {
+ if (Error E = compileProgram(*Program))
+ return E;
+
+ Expected<std::string> Result = executeProgramSafely(*Program, Filename);
+ if (Error E = Result.takeError()) {
+ if (Interpreter != SafeInterpreter) {
+ E = joinErrors(
+ std::move(E),
+ make_error<StringError>(
+ "*** There is a bug running the \"safe\" backend. Either"
+ " debug it (for example with the -run-jit bugpoint option,"
+ " if JIT is being used as the \"safe\" backend), or fix the"
+ " error some other way.\n",
+ inconvertibleErrorCode()));
+ }
+ return E;
+ }
+ ReferenceOutputFile = *Result;
+ outs() << "\nReference output is: " << ReferenceOutputFile << "\n\n";
+ return Error::success();
+}
+
+/// This method executes the specified module and diffs the output against the
+/// file specified by ReferenceOutputFile. If the output is different, 1 is
+/// returned. If there is a problem with the code generator (e.g., llc
+/// crashes), this will set ErrMsg.
+Expected<bool> BugDriver::diffProgram(const Module &Program,
+ const std::string &BitcodeFile,
+ const std::string &SharedObject,
+ bool RemoveBitcode) const {
+ // Execute the program, generating an output file...
+ Expected<std::string> Output =
+ executeProgram(Program, "", BitcodeFile, SharedObject, nullptr);
+ if (Error E = Output.takeError())
+ return std::move(E);
+
+ std::string Error;
+ bool FilesDifferent = false;
+ if (int Diff = DiffFilesWithTolerance(ReferenceOutputFile, *Output,
+ AbsTolerance, RelTolerance, &Error)) {
+ if (Diff == 2) {
+ errs() << "While diffing output: " << Error << '\n';
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ FilesDifferent = true;
+ } else {
+ // Remove the generated output if there are no differences.
+ sys::fs::remove(*Output);
+ }
+
+ // Remove the bitcode file if we are supposed to.
+ if (RemoveBitcode)
+ sys::fs::remove(BitcodeFile);
+ return FilesDifferent;
+}
+
+bool BugDriver::isExecutingJIT() { return InterpreterSel == RunJIT; }