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Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/perl5/lib/Tie/Hash.pm')
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/perl5/lib/Tie/Hash.pm | 158 |
1 files changed, 158 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/perl5/lib/Tie/Hash.pm b/contrib/perl5/lib/Tie/Hash.pm new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..7ed18962e9e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/perl5/lib/Tie/Hash.pm @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ +package Tie::Hash; + +=head1 NAME + +Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes + +=head1 SYNOPSIS + + package NewHash; + require Tie::Hash; + + @ISA = (Tie::Hash); + + sub DELETE { ... } # Provides needed method + sub CLEAR { ... } # Overrides inherited method + + + package NewStdHash; + require Tie::Hash; + + @ISA = (Tie::StdHash); + + # All methods provided by default, define only those needing overrides + sub DELETE { ... } + + + package main; + + tie %new_hash, 'NewHash'; + tie %new_std_hash, 'NewStdHash'; + +=head1 DESCRIPTION + +This module provides some skeletal methods for hash-tying classes. See +L<perltie> for a list of the functions required in order to tie a hash +to a package. The basic B<Tie::Hash> package provides a C<new> method, as well +as methods C<TIEHASH>, C<EXISTS> and C<CLEAR>. The B<Tie::StdHash> package +provides most methods required for hashes in L<perltie>. It inherits from +B<Tie::Hash>, and causes tied hashes to behave exactly like standard hashes, +allowing for selective overloading of methods. The C<new> method is provided +as grandfathering in the case a class forgets to include a C<TIEHASH> method. + +For developers wishing to write their own tied hashes, the required methods +are briefly defined below. See the L<perltie> section for more detailed +descriptive, as well as example code: + +=over + +=item TIEHASH classname, LIST + +The method invoked by the command C<tie %hash, classname>. Associates a new +hash instance with the specified class. C<LIST> would represent additional +arguments (along the lines of L<AnyDBM_File> and compatriots) needed to +complete the association. + +=item STORE this, key, value + +Store datum I<value> into I<key> for the tied hash I<this>. + +=item FETCH this, key + +Retrieve the datum in I<key> for the tied hash I<this>. + +=item FIRSTKEY this + +Return the (key, value) pair for the first key in the hash. + +=item NEXTKEY this, lastkey + +Return the next key for the hash. + +=item EXISTS this, key + +Verify that I<key> exists with the tied hash I<this>. + +=item DELETE this, key + +Delete the key I<key> from the tied hash I<this>. + +=item CLEAR this + +Clear all values from the tied hash I<this>. + +=back + +=head1 CAVEATS + +The L<perltie> documentation includes a method called C<DESTROY> as +a necessary method for tied hashes. Neither B<Tie::Hash> nor B<Tie::StdHash> +define a default for this method. This is a standard for class packages, +but may be omitted in favor of a simple default. + +=head1 MORE INFORMATION + +The packages relating to various DBM-related implemetations (F<DB_File>, +F<NDBM_File>, etc.) show examples of general tied hashes, as does the +L<Config> module. While these do not utilize B<Tie::Hash>, they serve as +good working examples. + +=cut + +use Carp; + +sub new { + my $pkg = shift; + $pkg->TIEHASH(@_); +} + +# Grandfather "new" + +sub TIEHASH { + my $pkg = shift; + if (defined &{"${pkg}::new"}) { + carp "WARNING: calling ${pkg}->new since ${pkg}->TIEHASH is missing" + if $^W; + $pkg->new(@_); + } + else { + croak "$pkg doesn't define a TIEHASH method"; + } +} + +sub EXISTS { + my $pkg = ref $_[0]; + croak "$pkg doesn't define an EXISTS method"; +} + +sub CLEAR { + my $self = shift; + my $key = $self->FIRSTKEY(@_); + my @keys; + + while (defined $key) { + push @keys, $key; + $key = $self->NEXTKEY(@_, $key); + } + foreach $key (@keys) { + $self->DELETE(@_, $key); + } +} + +# The Tie::StdHash package implements standard perl hash behaviour. +# It exists to act as a base class for classes which only wish to +# alter some parts of their behaviour. + +package Tie::StdHash; +@ISA = qw(Tie::Hash); + +sub TIEHASH { bless {}, $_[0] } +sub STORE { $_[0]->{$_[1]} = $_[2] } +sub FETCH { $_[0]->{$_[1]} } +sub FIRSTKEY { my $a = scalar keys %{$_[0]}; each %{$_[0]} } +sub NEXTKEY { each %{$_[0]} } +sub EXISTS { exists $_[0]->{$_[1]} } +sub DELETE { delete $_[0]->{$_[1]} } +sub CLEAR { %{$_[0]} = () } + +1; |