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-.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
-.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
-.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
-.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
-.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
-.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\" without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.\" @(#)telnetd.8 8.4 (Berkeley) 6/1/94
-.\"
-.Dd September 19, 2006
-.Dt TELNETD 8
-.Os BSD 4.2
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm telnetd
-.Nd DARPA
-.Tn TELNET
-protocol server
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Nm telnetd
-.Op Fl BeUhkln
-.Op Fl D Ar debugmode
-.Op Fl S Ar tos
-.Op Fl X Ar authtype
-.Op Fl a Ar authmode
-.Op Fl r Ns Ar lowpty-highpty
-.Op Fl u Ar len
-.Op Fl debug
-.Op Fl L Ar /bin/login
-.Op Fl y
-.Op Ar port
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-The
-.Nm telnetd
-command is a server which supports the
-.Tn DARPA
-standard
-.Tn TELNET
-virtual terminal protocol.
-.Nm Telnetd
-is normally invoked by the internet server (see
-.Xr inetd 8 )
-for requests to connect to the
-.Tn TELNET
-port as indicated by the
-.Pa /etc/services
-file (see
-.Xr services 5 ) .
-The
-.Fl debug
-option may be used to start up
-.Nm telnetd
-manually, instead of through
-.Xr inetd 8 .
-If started up this way,
-.Ar port
-may be specified to run
-.Nm telnetd
-on an alternate
-.Tn TCP
-port number.
-.Pp
-The
-.Nm telnetd
-command accepts the following options:
-.Bl -tag -width "-a authmode"
-.It Fl a Ar authmode
-This option may be used for specifying what mode should
-be used for authentication.
-Note that this option is only useful if
-.Nm telnetd
-has been compiled with support for the
-.Dv AUTHENTICATION
-option.
-There are several valid values for
-.Ar authmode :
-.Bl -tag -width debug
-.It debug
-Turns on authentication debugging code.
-.It user
-Only allow connections when the remote user
-can provide valid authentication information
-to identify the remote user,
-and is allowed access to the specified account
-without providing a password.
-.It valid
-Only allow connections when the remote user
-can provide valid authentication information
-to identify the remote user.
-The
-.Xr login 1
-command will provide any additional user verification
-needed if the remote user is not allowed automatic
-access to the specified account.
-.It other
-Only allow connections that supply some authentication information.
-This option is currently not supported
-by any of the existing authentication mechanisms,
-and is thus the same as specifying
-.Fl a
-.Cm valid .
-.It otp
-Only allow authenticated connections (as with
-.Fl a
-.Cm user )
-and also logins with one-time passwords (OTPs). This option will call
-login with an option so that only OTPs are accepted. The user can of
-course still type secret information at the prompt.
-.It none
-This is the default state.
-Authentication information is not required.
-If no or insufficient authentication information
-is provided, then the
-.Xr login 1
-program will provide the necessary user
-verification.
-.It off
-This disables the authentication code.
-All user verification will happen through the
-.Xr login 1
-program.
-.El
-.It Fl B
-Ignored.
-.It Fl D Ar debugmode
-This option may be used for debugging purposes.
-This allows
-.Nm telnetd
-to print out debugging information
-to the connection, allowing the user to see what
-.Nm telnetd
-is doing.
-There are several possible values for
-.Ar debugmode :
-.Bl -tag -width exercise
-.It Cm options
-Prints information about the negotiation of
-.Tn TELNET
-options.
-.It Cm report
-Prints the
-.Cm options
-information, plus some additional information
-about what processing is going on.
-.It Cm netdata
-Displays the data stream received by
-.Nm telnetd .
-.It Cm ptydata
-Displays data written to the pty.
-.It Cm exercise
-Has not been implemented yet.
-.El
-.It Fl e
-require encryption to be turned on (in both direction) by the client
-and disconnects if the client tries to turn the encryption off (in
-either direction).
-.It Fl h
-Disables the printing of host-specific information before
-login has been completed.
-.It Fl k
-.It Fl l
-Ignored.
-.It Fl n
-Disable
-.Dv TCP
-keep-alives. Normally
-.Nm telnetd
-enables the
-.Tn TCP
-keep-alive mechanism to probe connections that
-have been idle for some period of time to determine
-if the client is still there, so that idle connections
-from machines that have crashed or can no longer
-be reached may be cleaned up.
-.It Fl r Ar lowpty-highpty
-This option is only enabled when
-.Nm telnetd
-is compiled for
-.Dv UNICOS .
-It specifies an inclusive range of pseudo-terminal devices to
-use. If the system has sysconf variable
-.Dv _SC_CRAY_NPTY
-configured, the default pty search range is 0 to
-.Dv _SC_CRAY_NPTY ;
-otherwise, the default range is 0 to 128. Either
-.Ar lowpty
-or
-.Ar highpty
-may be omitted to allow changing
-either end of the search range. If
-.Ar lowpty
-is omitted, the - character is still required so that
-.Nm telnetd
-can differentiate
-.Ar highpty
-from
-.Ar lowpty .
-.It Fl S Ar tos
-.It Fl u Ar len
-This option is used to specify the size of the field
-in the
-.Dv utmp
-structure that holds the remote host name.
-If the resolved host name is longer than
-.Ar len ,
-the dotted decimal value will be used instead.
-This allows hosts with very long host names that
-overflow this field to still be uniquely identified.
-Specifying
-.Fl u0
-indicates that only dotted decimal addresses
-should be put into the
-.Pa utmp
-file.
-.It Fl U
-This option causes
-.Nm telnetd
-to refuse connections from addresses that
-cannot be mapped back into a symbolic name
-via the
-.Xr gethostbyaddr 3
-routine.
-.It Fl X Ar authtype
-This option is only valid if
-.Nm telnetd
-has been built with support for the authentication option.
-It disables the use of
-.Ar authtype
-authentication, and
-can be used to temporarily disable
-a specific authentication type without having to recompile
-.Nm telnetd .
-.It Fl L Ar pathname
-Specify pathname to an alternative login program.
-.It Fl y
-Makes
-.Nm
-not warn when a user is trying to login with a cleartext password.
-.El
-.Pp
-.Nm Telnetd
-operates by allocating a pseudo-terminal device (see
-.Xr pty 4 )
-for a client, then creating a login process which has
-the slave side of the pseudo-terminal as
-.Dv stdin ,
-.Dv stdout
-and
-.Dv stderr .
-.Nm Telnetd
-manipulates the master side of the pseudo-terminal,
-implementing the
-.Tn TELNET
-protocol and passing characters
-between the remote client and the login process.
-.Pp
-When a
-.Tn TELNET
-session is started up,
-.Nm telnetd
-sends
-.Tn TELNET
-options to the client side indicating
-a willingness to do the
-following
-.Tn TELNET
-options, which are described in more detail below:
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
-DO AUTHENTICATION
-WILL ENCRYPT
-DO TERMINAL TYPE
-DO TSPEED
-DO XDISPLOC
-DO NEW-ENVIRON
-DO ENVIRON
-WILL SUPPRESS GO AHEAD
-DO ECHO
-DO LINEMODE
-DO NAWS
-WILL STATUS
-DO LFLOW
-DO TIMING-MARK
-.Ed
-.Pp
-The pseudo-terminal allocated to the client is configured
-to operate in
-.Dq cooked
-mode, and with
-.Dv XTABS and
-.Dv CRMOD
-enabled (see
-.Xr tty 4 ) .
-.Pp
-.Nm Telnetd
-has support for enabling locally the following
-.Tn TELNET
-options:
-.Bl -tag -width "DO AUTHENTICATION"
-.It "WILL ECHO"
-When the
-.Dv LINEMODE
-option is enabled, a
-.Dv WILL ECHO
-or
-.Dv WONT ECHO
-will be sent to the client to indicate the
-current state of terminal echoing.
-When terminal echo is not desired, a
-.Dv WILL ECHO
-is sent to indicate that
-.Tn telnetd
-will take care of echoing any data that needs to be
-echoed to the terminal, and then nothing is echoed.
-When terminal echo is desired, a
-.Dv WONT ECHO
-is sent to indicate that
-.Tn telnetd
-will not be doing any terminal echoing, so the
-client should do any terminal echoing that is needed.
-.It "WILL BINARY"
-Indicates that the client is willing to send a
-8 bits of data, rather than the normal 7 bits
-of the Network Virtual Terminal.
-.It "WILL SGA"
-Indicates that it will not be sending
-.Dv IAC GA ,
-go ahead, commands.
-.It "WILL STATUS"
-Indicates a willingness to send the client, upon
-request, of the current status of all
-.Tn TELNET
-options.
-.It "WILL TIMING-MARK"
-Whenever a
-.Dv DO TIMING-MARK
-command is received, it is always responded
-to with a
-.Dv WILL TIMING-MARK
-.It "WILL LOGOUT"
-When a
-.Dv DO LOGOUT
-is received, a
-.Dv WILL LOGOUT
-is sent in response, and the
-.Tn TELNET
-session is shut down.
-.It "WILL ENCRYPT"
-Only sent if
-.Nm telnetd
-is compiled with support for data encryption, and
-indicates a willingness to decrypt
-the data stream.
-.El
-.Pp
-.Nm Telnetd
-has support for enabling remotely the following
-.Tn TELNET
-options:
-.Bl -tag -width "DO AUTHENTICATION"
-.It "DO BINARY"
-Sent to indicate that
-.Tn telnetd
-is willing to receive an 8 bit data stream.
-.It "DO LFLOW"
-Requests that the client handle flow control
-characters remotely.
-.It "DO ECHO"
-This is not really supported, but is sent to identify a 4.2BSD
-.Xr telnet 1
-client, which will improperly respond with
-.Dv WILL ECHO .
-If a
-.Dv WILL ECHO
-is received, a
-.Dv DONT ECHO
-will be sent in response.
-.It "DO TERMINAL-TYPE"
-Indicates a desire to be able to request the
-name of the type of terminal that is attached
-to the client side of the connection.
-.It "DO SGA"
-Indicates that it does not need to receive
-.Dv IAC GA ,
-the go ahead command.
-.It "DO NAWS"
-Requests that the client inform the server when
-the window (display) size changes.
-.It "DO TERMINAL-SPEED"
-Indicates a desire to be able to request information
-about the speed of the serial line to which
-the client is attached.
-.It "DO XDISPLOC"
-Indicates a desire to be able to request the name
-of the X windows display that is associated with
-the telnet client.
-.It "DO NEW-ENVIRON"
-Indicates a desire to be able to request environment
-variable information, as described in RFC 1572.
-.It "DO ENVIRON"
-Indicates a desire to be able to request environment
-variable information, as described in RFC 1408.
-.It "DO LINEMODE"
-Only sent if
-.Nm telnetd
-is compiled with support for linemode, and
-requests that the client do line by line processing.
-.It "DO TIMING-MARK"
-Only sent if
-.Nm telnetd
-is compiled with support for both linemode and
-kludge linemode, and the client responded with
-.Dv WONT LINEMODE .
-If the client responds with
-.Dv WILL TM ,
-the it is assumed that the client supports
-kludge linemode.
-Note that the
-.Op Fl k
-option can be used to disable this.
-.It "DO AUTHENTICATION"
-Only sent if
-.Nm telnetd
-is compiled with support for authentication, and
-indicates a willingness to receive authentication
-information for automatic login.
-.It "DO ENCRYPT"
-Only sent if
-.Nm telnetd
-is compiled with support for data encryption, and
-indicates a willingness to decrypt
-the data stream.
-.El
-.Sh FILES
-.Bl -tag -width /etc/services -compact
-.It Pa /etc/services
-.It Pa /etc/inittab
-(UNICOS systems only)
-.It Pa /etc/iptos
-(if supported)
-.El
-.Sh "SEE ALSO"
-.Xr telnet 1 ,
-.Xr login 1
-.Sh STANDARDS
-.Bl -tag -compact -width RFC-1572
-.It Cm RFC-854
-.Tn TELNET
-PROTOCOL SPECIFICATION
-.It Cm RFC-855
-TELNET OPTION SPECIFICATIONS
-.It Cm RFC-856
-TELNET BINARY TRANSMISSION
-.It Cm RFC-857
-TELNET ECHO OPTION
-.It Cm RFC-858
-TELNET SUPPRESS GO AHEAD OPTION
-.It Cm RFC-859
-TELNET STATUS OPTION
-.It Cm RFC-860
-TELNET TIMING MARK OPTION
-.It Cm RFC-861
-TELNET EXTENDED OPTIONS - LIST OPTION
-.It Cm RFC-885
-TELNET END OF RECORD OPTION
-.It Cm RFC-1073
-Telnet Window Size Option
-.It Cm RFC-1079
-Telnet Terminal Speed Option
-.It Cm RFC-1091
-Telnet Terminal-Type Option
-.It Cm RFC-1096
-Telnet X Display Location Option
-.It Cm RFC-1123
-Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Application and Support
-.It Cm RFC-1184
-Telnet Linemode Option
-.It Cm RFC-1372
-Telnet Remote Flow Control Option
-.It Cm RFC-1416
-Telnet Authentication Option
-.It Cm RFC-1411
-Telnet Authentication: Kerberos Version 4
-.It Cm RFC-1412
-Telnet Authentication: SPX
-.It Cm RFC-1571
-Telnet Environment Option Interoperability Issues
-.It Cm RFC-1572
-Telnet Environment Option
-.El
-.Sh BUGS
-Some
-.Tn TELNET
-commands are only partially implemented.
-.Pp
-Because of bugs in the original 4.2 BSD
-.Xr telnet 1 ,
-.Nm telnetd
-performs some dubious protocol exchanges to try to discover if the remote
-client is, in fact, a 4.2 BSD
-.Xr telnet 1 .
-.Pp
-Binary mode
-has no common interpretation except between similar operating systems
-(Unix in this case).
-.Pp
-The terminal type name received from the remote client is converted to
-lower case.
-.Pp
-.Nm Telnetd
-never sends
-.Tn TELNET
-.Dv IAC GA
-(go ahead) commands.