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diff --git a/doc/html/_sources/admin/admin_commands/kdb5_util.txt b/doc/html/_sources/admin/admin_commands/kdb5_util.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..258498f0d6ef --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/html/_sources/admin/admin_commands/kdb5_util.txt @@ -0,0 +1,497 @@ +.. _kdb5_util(8): + +kdb5_util +========= + +SYNOPSIS +-------- + +.. _kdb5_util_synopsis: + +**kdb5_util** +[**-r** *realm*] +[**-d** *dbname*] +[**-k** *mkeytype*] +[**-M** *mkeyname*] +[**-kv** *mkeyVNO*] +[**-sf** *stashfilename*] +[**-m**] +*command* [*command_options*] + +.. _kdb5_util_synopsis_end: + +DESCRIPTION +----------- + +kdb5_util allows an administrator to perform maintenance procedures on +the KDC database. Databases can be created, destroyed, and dumped to +or loaded from ASCII files. kdb5_util can create a Kerberos master +key stash file or perform live rollover of the master key. + +When kdb5_util is run, it attempts to acquire the master key and open +the database. However, execution continues regardless of whether or +not kdb5_util successfully opens the database, because the database +may not exist yet or the stash file may be corrupt. + +Note that some KDC database modules may not support all kdb5_util +commands. + + +COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS +-------------------- + +.. _kdb5_util_options: + +**-r** *realm* + specifies the Kerberos realm of the database. + +**-d** *dbname* + specifies the name under which the principal database is stored; + by default the database is that listed in :ref:`kdc.conf(5)`. The + password policy database and lock files are also derived from this + value. + +**-k** *mkeytype* + specifies the key type of the master key in the database. The + default is given by the **master_key_type** variable in + :ref:`kdc.conf(5)`. + +**-kv** *mkeyVNO* + Specifies the version number of the master key in the database; + the default is 1. Note that 0 is not allowed. + +**-M** *mkeyname* + principal name for the master key in the database. If not + specified, the name is determined by the **master_key_name** + variable in :ref:`kdc.conf(5)`. + +**-m** + specifies that the master database password should be read from + the keyboard rather than fetched from a file on disk. + +**-sf** *stash_file* + specifies the stash filename of the master database password. If + not specified, the filename is determined by the + **key_stash_file** variable in :ref:`kdc.conf(5)`. + +**-P** *password* + specifies the master database password. Using this option may + expose the password to other users on the system via the process + list. + +.. _kdb5_util_options_end: + + +COMMANDS +-------- + +create +~~~~~~ + +.. _kdb5_util_create: + + **create** [**-s**] + +Creates a new database. If the **-s** option is specified, the stash +file is also created. This command fails if the database already +exists. If the command is successful, the database is opened just as +if it had already existed when the program was first run. + +.. _kdb5_util_create_end: + +destroy +~~~~~~~ + +.. _kdb5_util_destroy: + + **destroy** [**-f**] + +Destroys the database, first overwriting the disk sectors and then +unlinking the files, after prompting the user for confirmation. With +the **-f** argument, does not prompt the user. + +.. _kdb5_util_destroy_end: + +stash +~~~~~ + +.. _kdb5_util_stash: + + **stash** [**-f** *keyfile*] + +Stores the master principal's keys in a stash file. The **-f** +argument can be used to override the *keyfile* specified in +:ref:`kdc.conf(5)`. + +.. _kdb5_util_stash_end: + +dump +~~~~ + +.. _kdb5_util_dump: + + **dump** [**-b7**\|\ **-ov**\|\ **-r13**] [**-verbose**] + [**-mkey_convert**] [**-new_mkey_file** *mkey_file*] [**-rev**] + [**-recurse**] [*filename* [*principals*...]] + +Dumps the current Kerberos and KADM5 database into an ASCII file. By +default, the database is dumped in current format, "kdb5_util +load_dump version 7". If filename is not specified, or is the string +"-", the dump is sent to standard output. Options: + +**-b7** + causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 7 format ("kdb5_util + load_dump version 4"). This was the dump format produced on + releases prior to 1.2.2. + +**-ov** + causes the dump to be in "ovsec_adm_export" format. + +**-r13** + causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 1.3 format ("kdb5_util + load_dump version 5"). This was the dump format produced on + releases prior to 1.8. + +**-r18** + causes the dump to be in the Kerberos 5 1.8 format ("kdb5_util + load_dump version 6"). This was the dump format produced on + releases prior to 1.11. + +**-verbose** + causes the name of each principal and policy to be printed as it + is dumped. + +**-mkey_convert** + prompts for a new master key. This new master key will be used to + re-encrypt principal key data in the dumpfile. The principal keys + themselves will not be changed. + +**-new_mkey_file** *mkey_file* + the filename of a stash file. The master key in this stash file + will be used to re-encrypt the key data in the dumpfile. The key + data in the database will not be changed. + +**-rev** + dumps in reverse order. This may recover principals that do not + dump normally, in cases where database corruption has occurred. + +**-recurse** + causes the dump to walk the database recursively (btree only). + This may recover principals that do not dump normally, in cases + where database corruption has occurred. In cases of such + corruption, this option will probably retrieve more principals + than the **-rev** option will. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.15 + Release 1.15 restored the functionality of the **-recurse** + option. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.5 + The **-recurse** option ceased working until release 1.15, + doing a normal dump instead of a recursive traversal. + +.. _kdb5_util_dump_end: + +load +~~~~ + +.. _kdb5_util_load: + + **load** [**-b7**\|\ **-ov**\|\ **-r13**] [**-hash**] + [**-verbose**] [**-update**] *filename* [*dbname*] + +Loads a database dump from the named file into the named database. If +no option is given to determine the format of the dump file, the +format is detected automatically and handled as appropriate. Unless +the **-update** option is given, **load** creates a new database +containing only the data in the dump file, overwriting the contents of +any previously existing database. Note that when using the LDAP KDC +database module, the **-update** flag is required. + +Options: + +**-b7** + requires the database to be in the Kerberos 5 Beta 7 format + ("kdb5_util load_dump version 4"). This was the dump format + produced on releases prior to 1.2.2. + +**-ov** + requires the database to be in "ovsec_adm_import" format. Must be + used with the **-update** option. + +**-r13** + requires the database to be in Kerberos 5 1.3 format ("kdb5_util + load_dump version 5"). This was the dump format produced on + releases prior to 1.8. + +**-r18** + requires the database to be in Kerberos 5 1.8 format ("kdb5_util + load_dump version 6"). This was the dump format produced on + releases prior to 1.11. + +**-hash** + requires the database to be stored as a hash. If this option is + not specified, the database will be stored as a btree. This + option is not recommended, as databases stored in hash format are + known to corrupt data and lose principals. + +**-verbose** + causes the name of each principal and policy to be printed as it + is dumped. + +**-update** + records from the dump file are added to or updated in the existing + database. Otherwise, a new database is created containing only + what is in the dump file and the old one destroyed upon successful + completion. + +If specified, *dbname* overrides the value specified on the command +line or the default. + +.. _kdb5_util_load_end: + +ark +~~~ + + **ark** [**-e** *enc*:*salt*,...] *principal* + +Adds new random keys to *principal* at the next available key version +number. Keys for the current highest key version number will be +preserved. The **-e** option specifies the list of encryption and +salt types to be used for the new keys. + +add_mkey +~~~~~~~~ + + **add_mkey** [**-e** *etype*] [**-s**] + +Adds a new master key to the master key principal, but does not mark +it as active. Existing master keys will remain. The **-e** option +specifies the encryption type of the new master key; see +:ref:`Encryption_types` in :ref:`kdc.conf(5)` for a list of possible +values. The **-s** option stashes the new master key in the stash +file, which will be created if it doesn't already exist. + +After a new master key is added, it should be propagated to slave +servers via a manual or periodic invocation of :ref:`kprop(8)`. Then, +the stash files on the slave servers should be updated with the +kdb5_util **stash** command. Once those steps are complete, the key +is ready to be marked active with the kdb5_util **use_mkey** command. + +use_mkey +~~~~~~~~ + + **use_mkey** *mkeyVNO* [*time*] + +Sets the activation time of the master key specified by *mkeyVNO*. +Once a master key becomes active, it will be used to encrypt newly +created principal keys. If no *time* argument is given, the current +time is used, causing the specified master key version to become +active immediately. The format for *time* is :ref:`getdate` string. + +After a new master key becomes active, the kdb5_util +**update_princ_encryption** command can be used to update all +principal keys to be encrypted in the new master key. + +list_mkeys +~~~~~~~~~~ + + **list_mkeys** + +List all master keys, from most recent to earliest, in the master key +principal. The output will show the kvno, enctype, and salt type for +each mkey, similar to the output of :ref:`kadmin(1)` **getprinc**. A +``*`` following an mkey denotes the currently active master key. + +purge_mkeys +~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **purge_mkeys** [**-f**] [**-n**] [**-v**] + +Delete master keys from the master key principal that are not used to +protect any principals. This command can be used to remove old master +keys all principal keys are protected by a newer master key. + +**-f** + does not prompt for confirmation. + +**-n** + performs a dry run, showing master keys that would be purged, but + not actually purging any keys. + +**-v** + gives more verbose output. + +update_princ_encryption +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **update_princ_encryption** [**-f**] [**-n**] [**-v**] + [*princ-pattern*] + +Update all principal records (or only those matching the +*princ-pattern* glob pattern) to re-encrypt the key data using the +active database master key, if they are encrypted using a different +version, and give a count at the end of the number of principals +updated. If the **-f** option is not given, ask for confirmation +before starting to make changes. The **-v** option causes each +principal processed to be listed, with an indication as to whether it +needed updating or not. The **-n** option performs a dry run, only +showing the actions which would have been taken. + +tabdump +~~~~~~~ + + **tabdump** [**-H**] [**-c**] [**-e**] [**-n**] [**-o** *outfile*] + *dumptype* + +Dump selected fields of the database in a tabular format suitable for +reporting (e.g., using traditional Unix text processing tools) or +importing into relational databases. The data format is tab-separated +(default), or optionally comma-separated (CSV), with a fixed number of +columns. The output begins with a header line containing field names, +unless suppression is requested using the **-H** option. + +The *dumptype* parameter specifies the name of an output table (see +below). + +Options: + +**-H** + suppress writing the field names in a header line + +**-c** + use comma separated values (CSV) format, with minimal quoting, + instead of the default tab-separated (unquoted, unescaped) format + +**-e** + write empty hexadecimal string fields as empty fields instead of + as "-1". + +**-n** + produce numeric output for fields that normally have symbolic + output, such as enctypes and flag names. Also requests output of + time stamps as decimal POSIX time_t values. + +**-o** *outfile* + write the dump to the specified output file instead of to standard + output + +Dump types: + +**keydata** + principal encryption key information, including actual key data + (which is still encrypted in the master key) + + **name** + principal name + **keyindex** + index of this key in the principal's key list + **kvno** + key version number + **enctype** + encryption type + **key** + key data as a hexadecimal string + **salttype** + salt type + **salt** + salt data as a hexadecimal string + +**keyinfo** + principal encryption key information (as in **keydata** above), + excluding actual key data + +**princ_flags** + principal boolean attributes. Flag names print as hexadecimal + numbers if the **-n** option is specified, and all flag positions + are printed regardless of whether or not they are set. If **-n** + is not specified, print all known flag names for each principal, + but only print hexadecimal flag names if the corresponding flag is + set. + + **name** + principal name + **flag** + flag name + **value** + boolean value (0 for clear, or 1 for set) + +**princ_lockout** + state information used for tracking repeated password failures + + **name** + principal name + **last_success** + time stamp of most recent successful authentication + **last_failed** + time stamp of most recent failed authentication + **fail_count** + count of failed attempts + +**princ_meta** + principal metadata + + **name** + principal name + **modby** + name of last principal to modify this principal + **modtime** + timestamp of last modification + **lastpwd** + timestamp of last password change + **policy** + policy object name + **mkvno** + key version number of the master key that encrypts this + principal's key data + **hist_kvno** + key version number of the history key that encrypts the key + history data for this principal + +**princ_stringattrs** + string attributes (key/value pairs) + + **name** + principal name + **key** + attribute name + **value** + attribute value + +**princ_tktpolicy** + per-principal ticket policy data, including maximum ticket + lifetimes + + **name** + principal name + **expiration** + principal expiration date + **pw_expiration** + password expiration date + **max_life** + maximum ticket lifetime + **max_renew_life** + maximum renewable ticket lifetime + +Examples:: + + $ kdb5_util tabdump -o keyinfo.txt keyinfo + $ cat keyinfo.txt + name keyindex kvno enctype salttype salt + foo@EXAMPLE.COM 0 1 aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 normal -1 + bar@EXAMPLE.COM 0 1 aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 normal -1 + bar@EXAMPLE.COM 1 1 des-cbc-crc normal -1 + $ sqlite3 + sqlite> .mode tabs + sqlite> .import keyinfo.txt keyinfo + sqlite> select * from keyinfo where enctype like 'des-cbc-%'; + bar@EXAMPLE.COM 1 1 des-cbc-crc normal -1 + sqlite> .quit + $ awk -F'\t' '$4 ~ /des-cbc-/ { print }' keyinfo.txt + bar@EXAMPLE.COM 1 1 des-cbc-crc normal -1 + + +SEE ALSO +-------- + +:ref:`kadmin(1)` |