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+// Copyright 2011 The Kyua Authors.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors
+// may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+// without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+#include "utils/sqlite/database.hpp"
+
+extern "C" {
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+}
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+#include "utils/format/macros.hpp"
+#include "utils/fs/path.hpp"
+#include "utils/logging/macros.hpp"
+#include "utils/noncopyable.hpp"
+#include "utils/optional.ipp"
+#include "utils/sanity.hpp"
+#include "utils/sqlite/exceptions.hpp"
+#include "utils/sqlite/statement.ipp"
+#include "utils/sqlite/transaction.hpp"
+
+namespace fs = utils::fs;
+namespace sqlite = utils::sqlite;
+
+using utils::none;
+using utils::optional;
+
+
+/// Internal implementation for sqlite::database.
+struct utils::sqlite::database::impl : utils::noncopyable {
+ /// Path to the database as seen at construction time.
+ optional< fs::path > db_filename;
+
+ /// The SQLite 3 internal database.
+ ::sqlite3* db;
+
+ /// Whether we own the database or not (to decide if we close it).
+ bool owned;
+
+ /// Constructor.
+ ///
+ /// \param db_filename_ The path to the database as seen at construction
+ /// time, if any, or none for in-memory databases. We should use
+ /// sqlite3_db_filename instead, but this function appeared in 3.7.10
+ /// and Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (which we support for Travis CI builds as of
+ /// 2015-07-07) ships with 3.7.9.
+ /// \param db_ The SQLite internal database.
+ /// \param owned_ Whether this object owns the db_ object or not. If it
+ /// does, the internal db_ will be released during destruction.
+ impl(optional< fs::path > db_filename_, ::sqlite3* db_, const bool owned_) :
+ db_filename(db_filename_), db(db_), owned(owned_)
+ {
+ }
+
+ /// Destructor.
+ ///
+ /// It is important to keep this as part of the 'impl' class instead of the
+ /// container class. The 'impl' class is destroyed exactly once (because it
+ /// is managed by a shared_ptr) and thus releasing the resources here is
+ /// OK. However, the container class is potentially released many times,
+ /// which means that we would be double-freeing the internal object and
+ /// reusing invalid data.
+ ~impl(void)
+ {
+ if (owned && db != NULL)
+ close();
+ }
+
+ /// Exception-safe version of sqlite3_open_v2.
+ ///
+ /// \param file The path to the database file to be opened.
+ /// \param flags The flags to be passed to the open routine.
+ ///
+ /// \return The opened database.
+ ///
+ /// \throw std::bad_alloc If there is not enough memory to open the
+ /// database.
+ /// \throw api_error If there is any problem opening the database.
+ static ::sqlite3*
+ safe_open(const char* file, const int flags)
+ {
+ ::sqlite3* db;
+ const int error = ::sqlite3_open_v2(file, &db, flags, NULL);
+ if (error != SQLITE_OK) {
+ if (db == NULL)
+ throw std::bad_alloc();
+ else {
+ sqlite::database error_db(utils::make_optional(fs::path(file)),
+ db, true);
+ throw sqlite::api_error::from_database(error_db,
+ "sqlite3_open_v2");
+ }
+ }
+ INV(db != NULL);
+ return db;
+ }
+
+ /// Shared code for the public close() method.
+ void
+ close(void)
+ {
+ PRE(db != NULL);
+ int error = ::sqlite3_close(db);
+ // For now, let's consider a return of SQLITE_BUSY an error. We should
+ // not be trying to close a busy database in our code. Maybe revisit
+ // this later to raise busy errors as exceptions.
+ PRE(error == SQLITE_OK);
+ db = NULL;
+ }
+};
+
+
+/// Initializes the SQLite database.
+///
+/// You must share the same database object alongside the lifetime of your
+/// SQLite session. As soon as the object is destroyed, the session is
+/// terminated.
+///
+/// \param db_filename_ The path to the database as seen at construction
+/// time, if any, or none for in-memory databases.
+/// \param db_ Raw pointer to the C SQLite 3 object.
+/// \param owned_ Whether this instance will own the pointer or not.
+sqlite::database::database(
+ const utils::optional< utils::fs::path >& db_filename_, void* db_,
+ const bool owned_) :
+ _pimpl(new impl(db_filename_, static_cast< ::sqlite3* >(db_), owned_))
+{
+}
+
+
+/// Destructor for the SQLite 3 database.
+///
+/// Closes the session unless it has already been closed by calling the
+/// close() method. It is recommended to explicitly close the session in the
+/// code.
+sqlite::database::~database(void)
+{
+}
+
+
+/// Opens a memory-based temporary SQLite database.
+///
+/// \return An in-memory database instance.
+///
+/// \throw std::bad_alloc If there is not enough memory to open the database.
+/// \throw api_error If there is any problem opening the database.
+sqlite::database
+sqlite::database::in_memory(void)
+{
+ return database(none, impl::safe_open(":memory:", SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE),
+ true);
+}
+
+
+/// Opens a named on-disk SQLite database.
+///
+/// \param file The path to the database file to be opened. This does not
+/// accept the values "" and ":memory:"; use temporary() and in_memory()
+/// instead.
+/// \param open_flags The flags to be passed to the open routine.
+///
+/// \return A file-backed database instance.
+///
+/// \throw std::bad_alloc If there is not enough memory to open the database.
+/// \throw api_error If there is any problem opening the database.
+sqlite::database
+sqlite::database::open(const fs::path& file, int open_flags)
+{
+ PRE_MSG(!file.str().empty(), "Use database::temporary() instead");
+ PRE_MSG(file.str() != ":memory:", "Use database::in_memory() instead");
+
+ int flags = 0;
+ if (open_flags & open_readonly) {
+ flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY;
+ open_flags &= ~open_readonly;
+ }
+ if (open_flags & open_readwrite) {
+ flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;
+ open_flags &= ~open_readwrite;
+ }
+ if (open_flags & open_create) {
+ flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
+ open_flags &= ~open_create;
+ }
+ PRE(open_flags == 0);
+
+ return database(utils::make_optional(file),
+ impl::safe_open(file.c_str(), flags), true);
+}
+
+
+/// Opens an unnamed on-disk SQLite database.
+///
+/// \return A file-backed database instance.
+///
+/// \throw std::bad_alloc If there is not enough memory to open the database.
+/// \throw api_error If there is any problem opening the database.
+sqlite::database
+sqlite::database::temporary(void)
+{
+ return database(none, impl::safe_open("", SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE), true);
+}
+
+
+/// Gets the internal sqlite3 object.
+///
+/// \return The raw SQLite 3 database. This is returned as a void pointer to
+/// prevent including the sqlite3.h header file from our public interface. The
+/// only way to call this method is by using the c_gate module, and c_gate takes
+/// care of casting this object to the appropriate type.
+void*
+sqlite::database::raw_database(void)
+{
+ return _pimpl->db;
+}
+
+
+/// Terminates the connection to the database.
+///
+/// It is recommended to call this instead of relying on the destructor to do
+/// the cleanup, but it is not a requirement to use close().
+///
+/// \pre close() has not yet been called.
+void
+sqlite::database::close(void)
+{
+ _pimpl->close();
+}
+
+
+/// Returns the path to the connected database.
+///
+/// It is OK to call this function on a live database object, even after close()
+/// has been called. The returned value is consistent at all times.
+///
+/// \return The path to the file that matches the connected database or none if
+/// the connection points to a transient database.
+const optional< fs::path >&
+sqlite::database::db_filename(void) const
+{
+ return _pimpl->db_filename;
+}
+
+
+/// Executes an arbitrary SQL string.
+///
+/// As the documentation explains, this is unsafe. The code should really be
+/// preparing statements and executing them step by step. However, it is
+/// perfectly fine to use this function for, e.g. the initial creation of
+/// tables in a database and in tests.
+///
+/// \param sql The SQL commands to be executed.
+///
+/// \throw api_error If there is any problem while processing the SQL.
+void
+sqlite::database::exec(const std::string& sql)
+{
+ const int error = ::sqlite3_exec(_pimpl->db, sql.c_str(), NULL, NULL, NULL);
+ if (error != SQLITE_OK)
+ throw api_error::from_database(*this, "sqlite3_exec");
+}
+
+
+/// Opens a new transaction.
+///
+/// \return An object representing the state of the transaction.
+///
+/// \throw api_error If there is any problem while opening the transaction.
+sqlite::transaction
+sqlite::database::begin_transaction(void)
+{
+ exec("BEGIN TRANSACTION");
+ return transaction(*this);
+}
+
+
+/// Prepares a new statement.
+///
+/// \param sql The SQL statement to prepare.
+///
+/// \return The prepared statement.
+sqlite::statement
+sqlite::database::create_statement(const std::string& sql)
+{
+ LD(F("Creating statement: %s") % sql);
+ sqlite3_stmt* stmt;
+ const int error = ::sqlite3_prepare_v2(_pimpl->db, sql.c_str(),
+ sql.length() + 1, &stmt, NULL);
+ if (error != SQLITE_OK)
+ throw api_error::from_database(*this, "sqlite3_prepare_v2");
+ return statement(*this, static_cast< void* >(stmt));
+}
+
+
+/// Returns the row identifier of the last insert.
+///
+/// \return A row identifier.
+int64_t
+sqlite::database::last_insert_rowid(void)
+{
+ return ::sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(_pimpl->db);
+}