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authorPhilippe Charnier <charnier@FreeBSD.org>2002-04-20 12:27:18 +0000
committerPhilippe Charnier <charnier@FreeBSD.org>2002-04-20 12:27:18 +0000
commit7f94b8deee60475f7d25f04484f36e824d2ce21d (patch)
tree7a4469332fc98c3b02f0549c6e419486d82bb24e
parentc720dea0f22dd4b1c1f24d6881f2e529cebdcca1 (diff)
Notes
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/cdcontrol/cdcontrol.15
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/cron/crontab/crontab.15
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/crunch/crunchgen/crunchgen.118
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/crunch/crunchide/crunchide.115
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/ctm/ctm/ctm.114
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/ctm/ctm_rmail/ctm_rmail.119
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/fdread/fdread.15
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/fdwrite/fdwrite.124
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/i4b/dtmfdecode/dtmfdecode.12
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/i4b/g711conv/g711conv.12
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/kbdmap/kbdmap.18
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/lpr/lp/lp.15
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/lpr/lpq/lpq.115
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/lpr/lpr/lpr.110
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/lpr/lprm/lprm.115
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/lpr/lptest/lptest.110
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pcvt/fed/fed.16
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pcvt/fontedit/fontedit.113
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pcvt/kcon/kcon.15
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pcvt/userkeys/vt220keys.115
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pcvt/vttest/vttest.15
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/pkg_add.13
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pkg_install/delete/pkg_delete.12
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pkg_install/sign/pkg_sign.115
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/pkg_install/version/pkg_version.13
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/rtprio/rtprio.113
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/tcpdump/tcpslice/tcpslice.120
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/vidcontrol/vidcontrol.16
-rw-r--r--usr.sbin/xten/xten.15
29 files changed, 181 insertions, 102 deletions
diff --git a/usr.sbin/cdcontrol/cdcontrol.1 b/usr.sbin/cdcontrol/cdcontrol.1
index 1b08de285850..1a580aeeeaf2 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/cdcontrol/cdcontrol.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/cdcontrol/cdcontrol.1
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@
.Op Fl f Ar device
.Op Ar command ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Cdcontrol
-is a program to control audio features of a CD drive.
+The
+.Nm
+utility is a program to control audio features of a CD drive.
The device is a name such
as
.Pa cd0
diff --git a/usr.sbin/cron/crontab/crontab.1 b/usr.sbin/cron/crontab/crontab.1
index 1881399ce2e7..32b0bb10254f 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/cron/crontab/crontab.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/cron/crontab/crontab.1
@@ -35,8 +35,9 @@
.Fl e
}
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Crontab
-is the program used to install, deinstall or list the tables
+The
+.Nm
+utility is the program used to install, deinstall or list the tables
used to drive the
.Xr cron 8
daemon in Vixie Cron. Each user can have their own crontab, and though
diff --git a/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchgen/crunchgen.1 b/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchgen/crunchgen.1
index 7fe0cadbef44..0283d6c3d01a 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchgen/crunchgen.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchgen/crunchgen.1
@@ -52,8 +52,9 @@ The main reason to crunch programs together is for fitting
as many programs as possible onto an installation or system recovery
floppy.
.Pp
+The
.Nm
-reads in the specifications in
+utility reads in the specifications in
.Ar conf-file
for a crunched binary, and generates a
.Pa Makefile
@@ -66,14 +67,16 @@ can optionally attempt to determine the object (.o) files that make up
the program from its source directory
.Pa Makefile .
This information is cached between runs.
+The
.Nm
-uses the companion program
+utility uses the companion program
.Xr crunchide 1
to eliminate link-time conflicts between the component programs by
hiding all unnecessary symbols.
.Pp
+The
.Nm
-places specific requirements on package
+utility places specific requirements on package
.Pa Makefile Ns s
which make it unsuitable for use with
.No non- Ns Bx
@@ -165,15 +168,17 @@ Quiet operation.
Status messages are suppressed.
.El
.Sh CRUNCHGEN CONFIGURATION FILE COMMANDS
+The
.Nm
-reads specifications from the
+utility reads specifications from the
.Ar conf-file
that describe the components of the crunched binary.
In its simplest
use, the component program names are merely listed along with the
top-level source directories in which their sources can be found.
+The
.Nm
-then calculates (via the source makefiles) and caches the
+utility then calculates (via the source makefiles) and caches the
list of object files and their locations.
For more specialized
situations, the user can specify by hand all the parameters that
@@ -434,8 +439,9 @@ The
must then be used to get those object files built, or
some other arrangements made.
.Sh AUTHORS
+The
.Nm
-was written by
+utility was written by
.An James da Silva Aq jds@cs.umd.edu .
.Pp
Copyright (c) 1994 University of Maryland.
diff --git a/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchide/crunchide.1 b/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchide/crunchide.1
index cf7455886fd0..9dcee186459a 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchide/crunchide.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/crunch/crunchide/crunchide.1
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@
.Op Fl k Ar keep-symbol
.Op Ar object-file ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Crunchide
-hides the global symbols of
+The
+.Nm
+utility hides the global symbols of
.Ar object-file
such that they are ignored by subsequent runs of the linker,
.Xr ld 1 .
@@ -59,8 +60,9 @@ visible, the option
.Dq -k foo
should be used.
.Pp
-.Nm Crunchide
-is designed as a companion program for
+The
+.Nm
+utility is designed as a companion program for
.Xr crunchgen 1 ,
which automates the process of creating crunched binaries from
multiple component programs.
@@ -68,8 +70,9 @@ multiple component programs.
.Xr crunchgen 1 ,
.Xr ld 1
.Sh AUTHORS
-.Nm Crunch
-was written by
+The
+.Nm crunch
+utility was written by
.An James da Silva Aq jds@cs.umd.edu .
.Pp
Copyright (c) 1994 University of Maryland. All Rights Reserved.
diff --git a/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm/ctm.1 b/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm/ctm.1
index d83e26efce74..cdc75ab7565f 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm/ctm.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm/ctm.1
@@ -30,14 +30,16 @@
.Op Fl x Ar exclude-regex
.Ar
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Ctm
-was originally
+The
+.Nm
+utility was originally
.Dq Cvs Through eMail ,
but now instead it seems more fitting to call it
.Dq Current Through eMail .
.Pp
-.Nm Ctm
-is now meant to be the definitive way to make and apply a delta between
+The
+.Nm
+utility is now meant to be the definitive way to make and apply a delta between
two versions of a directory tree.
.Pp
There are two parts to this, making the delta and applying it. These are two
@@ -106,7 +108,9 @@ filter that matched a given file name determines whether the file would be
operated on or left alone by
.Nm .
.Pp
-.Nm Ctm
+The
+.Nm
+utility
will extract the file hierarchy below its working directory. Absolute
filenames or filenames containing references through
.Sq Pa .\&
diff --git a/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm_rmail/ctm_rmail.1 b/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm_rmail/ctm_rmail.1
index bf7f46a3bbbc..fc29039ce2e4 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm_rmail/ctm_rmail.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/ctm/ctm_rmail/ctm_rmail.1
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ command,
and
.Nm ctm_rmail
are used to distribute changes to a source tree via email.
+The
.Nm ctm_smail
-is given a compressed
+utility is given a compressed
.Xr ctm
delta, and a mailing list to send it to. It splits the delta into manageable
pieces, encodes them as mail messages and sends them to the mailing list
@@ -362,7 +363,7 @@ manipulation in
which allows
.Nm ctm_rmail
to execute
-.Xr ctm
+.Xr ctm 1
on the
.Pq non- Ns Fx
machine that this example was taken from.
@@ -418,13 +419,15 @@ File containing the name and number of the next delta to be applied to this
source tree.
.El
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
+The
.Nm ctm_smail ,
.Nm ctm_dequeue
and
.Nm ctm_rmail
-return exit status 0 for success, and 1 for various failures.
+utilities return exit status 0 for success, and 1 for various failures.
+The
.Nm ctm_rmail
-is expected to be called from a mail transfer program, and thus signals
+utility is expected to be called from a mail transfer program, and thus signals
failure only when the input mail message should be bounced (preferably into
your regular maildrop, not back to the sender). In short, failure to
apply a completed delta with
@@ -445,14 +448,16 @@ or, if queueing,
ctm_smail: src-cur.0250.gz 1/2 queued for src-guys
.Ed
.Pp
+The
.Nm ctm_dequeue
-will report messages like:
+utility will report messages like:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ctm_dequeue: src-cur.0250.gz 1/2 sent
.Ed
.Pp
+The
.Nm ctm_rmail
-will report messages like:
+utility will report messages like:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ctm_rmail: src-cur.0250.gz 1/2 stored
ctm_rmail: src-cur.0250.gz 2/2 stored
@@ -472,7 +477,7 @@ back into your real mailbox if your mail filter goes wonky.
These messages go to
.Em stderr
or to the log file. Messages from
-.Xr ctm
+.Xr ctm 1
turn up here too. Error messages should be self explanatory.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ctm 1 ,
diff --git a/usr.sbin/fdread/fdread.1 b/usr.sbin/fdread/fdread.1
index 508d7eb83a1c..438a268a1db2 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/fdread/fdread.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/fdread/fdread.1
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ utility reads floppy disks. Effective read blocking based on the track
size is performed, and floppy-specific error recovery of otherwise
bad blocks can be enabled.
.Pp
+The
.Nm
+utility
will always read an entire floppy medium, and write its contents to
the respective output file. Unlike other tools like
.Xr dd 1 ,
@@ -150,8 +152,9 @@ option.
Default device to read from.
.El
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
+The
.Nm
-sets the exit value according to
+utility sets the exit value according to
.Xr sysexits 3 .
In recovery mode, the exit value will be set to
.Dv EX_IOERR
diff --git a/usr.sbin/fdwrite/fdwrite.1 b/usr.sbin/fdwrite/fdwrite.1
index 349a4dcc5505..93de399491ca 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/fdwrite/fdwrite.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/fdwrite/fdwrite.1
@@ -22,12 +22,14 @@
.Op Fl f Ar inputfile
.Op Fl d Ar device
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Fdwrite
-formats and writes one and more floppy disks.
+The
+.Nm
+utility formats and writes one and more floppy disks.
Any floppy disk device capable of formatting can be used.
.Pp
-.Nm Fdwrite
-will ask the user
+The
+.Nm
+utility will ask the user
(on
.Pa /dev/tty )
to insert a new floppy and press return.
@@ -62,8 +64,9 @@ The name of the floppy device to write to. Default is
.Pa /dev/fd0 .
.El
.Pp
-.Nm Fdwrite
-actually closes the
+The
+.Nm
+utility actually closes the
.Ar device
while it waits for the user to press return,
it is thus quite possible to use the drive for other purposes at this
@@ -76,7 +79,9 @@ If custom formatting is needed, please use
.Xr fdformat 1
instead.
.Sh EXAMPLES
-.Nm Fdwrite
+The
+.Nm
+utility
was planned as a tool to make life easier when writing a set of floppies,
one such use could be to write a tar-archive:
.Pp
@@ -90,8 +95,9 @@ thus reducing the amount of work for the floppy-jockey.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr fdformat 1
.Sh HISTORY
-.Nm Fdwrite
-was written while waiting for ``make world'' to complete.
+The
+.Nm
+utility was written while waiting for ``make world'' to complete.
Some of the code was taken from
.Xr fdformat 1 .
.Sh AUTHORS
diff --git a/usr.sbin/i4b/dtmfdecode/dtmfdecode.1 b/usr.sbin/i4b/dtmfdecode/dtmfdecode.1
index 1bb55289999a..a5b1d79c6fcd 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/i4b/dtmfdecode/dtmfdecode.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/i4b/dtmfdecode/dtmfdecode.1
@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
.Nm
+utility
is part of the isdn4bsd package and is used to detect DTMF tones in the
audio stream.
.Pp
diff --git a/usr.sbin/i4b/g711conv/g711conv.1 b/usr.sbin/i4b/g711conv/g711conv.1
index ad20a52cb6b5..ca3845b5d63d 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/i4b/g711conv/g711conv.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/i4b/g711conv/g711conv.1
@@ -42,7 +42,9 @@
.Op Fl A
.Op Fl R
.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
.Nm
+utility
is part of the isdn4bsd package and is used to convert between the A-Law and
u-law formats as specified in ITU G.711. It is based on a freely available
and freely usable reference implementation done by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
diff --git a/usr.sbin/kbdmap/kbdmap.1 b/usr.sbin/kbdmap/kbdmap.1
index f0e72ce93315..a4fde69dad09 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/kbdmap/kbdmap.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/kbdmap/kbdmap.1
@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@
.Op Fl s | Fl show
.Op Fl v | Fl verbose
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Kbdmap
-allows easy setting of available keymaps.
+The
+.Nm
+utility allows easy setting of available keymaps.
The
.Nm vidfont
command allows the setting of fonts.
@@ -121,10 +122,11 @@ values
.\" is iso-8859-1 and you chose lang 'ru' (for Russian)
.\" you get funny latin1 characters and not russkij shrift.
.\"
+The
.Nm
and
.Nm vidfont
-work only on a (virtual) console and not with
+utilities work only on a (virtual) console and not with
.Tn X11 .
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr dialog 1 ,
diff --git a/usr.sbin/lpr/lp/lp.1 b/usr.sbin/lpr/lp/lp.1
index 9c39fb32d9bf..0269971f5ba4 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/lpr/lp/lp.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/lpr/lp/lp.1
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@
.Op Fl n Ar num
.Op Ar name ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm \&Lp
-is a front-end to the print spooler as required by the
+The
+.Nm
+utility is a front-end to the print spooler as required by the
.St -p1003.2
specification. It effectively invokes
.Xr lpr 1
diff --git a/usr.sbin/lpr/lpq/lpq.1 b/usr.sbin/lpr/lpq/lpq.1
index 5cc31a61a990..170e9e2d0624 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/lpr/lpq/lpq.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/lpr/lpq/lpq.1
@@ -46,13 +46,15 @@
.Op job # ...\&
.Op user ...\&
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Lpq
-examines the spooling area used by
+The
+.Nm
+utility examines the spooling area used by
.Xr lpd 8
for printing files on the line printer, and reports the status of the
specified jobs or all jobs associated with a user.
-.Nm Lpq
-invoked
+The
+.Nm
+utility invoked
without any arguments reports on any jobs currently in the queue.
.Pp
Options:
@@ -123,8 +125,9 @@ The lock file to obtain the currently active job.
.Xr lpc 8 ,
.Xr lpd 8
.Sh HISTORY
-.Nm Lpq
-appeared in
+A
+.Nm
+utility appeared in
.Bx 3 .
.Sh BUGS
Due to the dynamic nature of the information in the spooling directory
diff --git a/usr.sbin/lpr/lpr/lpr.1 b/usr.sbin/lpr/lpr/lpr.1
index de6db563e82e..241848563d83 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/lpr/lpr/lpr.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/lpr/lpr/lpr.1
@@ -54,8 +54,9 @@
.Op Fl cdfghlnmprstv
.Op Ar name ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Lpr
-uses a spooling daemon to print the named files when facilities
+The
+.Nm
+utility uses a spooling daemon to print the named files when facilities
become available. If no names appear, the standard input is assumed.
.Pp
The following single letter options are used to notify the line printer
@@ -272,8 +273,9 @@ command appeared in
.Bx 3 .
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
If you try to spool too large a file, it will be truncated.
-.Nm Lpr
-will object to printing binary files.
+The
+.Nm
+utility will object to printing binary files.
If a user other than root prints a file and spooling is disabled,
.Nm
will print a message saying so and will not put jobs in the queue.
diff --git a/usr.sbin/lpr/lprm/lprm.1 b/usr.sbin/lpr/lprm/lprm.1
index 8b2d824ff122..04cfbe0b6091 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/lpr/lprm/lprm.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/lpr/lprm/lprm.1
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@
.Op job # ...\&
.Op Ar user ...\&
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Lprm
-will remove a job, or jobs, from a printer's spool queue.
+The
+.Nm
+utility will remove a job, or jobs, from a printer's spool queue.
Since the spooling directory is protected from users, using
.Nm
is normally the only method by which a user may remove a job.
@@ -97,12 +98,14 @@ will delete the currently active job if it is
owned by the user who invoked
.Nm .
.Pp
-.Nm Lprm
-announces the names of any files it removes and is silent if
+The
+.Nm
+utility announces the names of any files it removes and is silent if
there are no jobs in the queue which match the request list.
.Pp
-.Nm Lprm
-will kill off an active daemon, if necessary, before removing
+The
+.Nm
+utility will kill off an active daemon, if necessary, before removing
any spooling files. If a daemon is killed, a new one is
automatically restarted upon completion of file removals.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
diff --git a/usr.sbin/lpr/lptest/lptest.1 b/usr.sbin/lpr/lptest/lptest.1
index b17d5785ee80..c34934e6a42f 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/lpr/lptest/lptest.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/lpr/lptest/lptest.1
@@ -43,8 +43,9 @@
.Op Ar length
.Op Ar count
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Lptest
-writes the traditional "ripple test" pattern on standard output.
+The
+.Nm
+utility writes the traditional "ripple test" pattern on standard output.
In 96 lines,
this pattern will print all 96 printable
.Tn ASCII
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ is to be specified,
.Ar length
must be also be specified.
.Sh HISTORY
-.Nm Lptest
-appeared in
+A
+.Nm
+utility appeared in
.Bx 4.3 .
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pcvt/fed/fed.1 b/usr.sbin/pcvt/fed/fed.1
index fada30997da0..e5c4df3c1808 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pcvt/fed/fed.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pcvt/fed/fed.1
@@ -36,13 +36,15 @@
.Nm
filename
.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
.Nm
-is a curses based fullscreen application which allows to edit
+utility is a curses based fullscreen application which allows to edit
.Xr pcvt 4
fontfiles interactively.
.Pp
+The
.Nm
-displays a command window, a character display window and a
+utility displays a command window, a character display window and a
character select window.
.Pp
In character select mode, it allows to move a character font to
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pcvt/fontedit/fontedit.1 b/usr.sbin/pcvt/fontedit/fontedit.1
index 601125ad15a4..d0b751554a24 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pcvt/fontedit/fontedit.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pcvt/fontedit/fontedit.1
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@
.Nm
.Ar file
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Fontedit
-is used to edit the down line reloadable character set (DRCS) of a
+The
+.Nm
+utility is used to edit the down line reloadable character set (DRCS) of a
.Tn VT220
terminal.
The editor has two display areas, one for displaying the
@@ -19,7 +20,9 @@ entry currently being manipulated, and one for displaying the complete
DRCS.
Commands to the editor take the form of function keys.
.Pp
-.Nm Fontedit
+The
+.Nm
+utility
takes one command line parameter, a
.Ar file
name.
@@ -76,7 +79,9 @@ The DRCS will be saved in
To exit without saving the DRCS, hit interrupt (usually
DEL).
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
-.Nm Fontedit
+The
+.Nm
+utility
will issue a warning when the entry being worked on is not saved, and
some potentially destructive command, like
.Ic Select
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pcvt/kcon/kcon.1 b/usr.sbin/pcvt/kcon/kcon.1
index 5d8788f53703..075937b3a215 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pcvt/kcon/kcon.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pcvt/kcon/kcon.1
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@
.Op Fl t Ns Ar +/-
.Op Fl x
.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
.Nm
+utility
is used for controlling all aspects of keyboard configuration for the 'pcvt'
video driver.
.Pp
@@ -105,8 +107,9 @@ Keyboard raw device.
.Xr keycap 3 ,
.Xr keycap 5
.Sh BUGS
+The
.Nm
-detects several inconsistencies in the keycap database.
+utility detects several inconsistencies in the keycap database.
In case of errors
.Nm
exits with an error message.
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pcvt/userkeys/vt220keys.1 b/usr.sbin/pcvt/userkeys/vt220keys.1
index 78bd5496e6dc..1da85441e38e 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pcvt/userkeys/vt220keys.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pcvt/userkeys/vt220keys.1
@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@
.Op Fl cil
.Op Ar keyname keystring ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Vt220keys
-sets up a
+The
+.Nm
+utility sets up a
.Dq "vt220 terminal"
in vt200 mode to allow user
definition of the SHIFTED function keys.
@@ -30,8 +31,9 @@ is one of the following words:
.Ar Keystrings
must be quoted if spaces, tabs, or shell metacharacters are included.
.Pp
-.Nm Vt220keys
-expects to receive some combination of option flags and/or
+The
+.Nm
+utility expects to receive some combination of option flags and/or
argument pair(s), otherwise a usage message
is printed.
.Pp
@@ -89,8 +91,9 @@ Therefore
F6 can perform two commands, depending if pressed with/without the SHIFT
key.
.Pp
-.Nm Vt220keys
-can be called from your
+The
+.Nm
+utility can be called from your
.Pa .login
or
.Pa .profile
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pcvt/vttest/vttest.1 b/usr.sbin/pcvt/vttest/vttest.1
index 1adf354d77d7..31f73f5f7267 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pcvt/vttest/vttest.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pcvt/vttest/vttest.1
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Vttest
-is a program designed to test the functionality of a
+The
+.Nm
+utility is a program designed to test the functionality of a
.Tn VT100
terminal
(or emulator thereof).
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/pkg_add.1 b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/pkg_add.1
index c0cf6030f029..cf03d72f97b3 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/pkg_add.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/pkg_add.1
@@ -206,8 +206,9 @@ passive mode
.Ef
ftp.
.Sh TECHNICAL DETAILS
+The
.Nm
-is fairly simple. It extracts each package's "packing list"
+utility is fairly simple. It extracts each package's "packing list"
into a special staging directory, parses it,
and then runs through the following sequence to fully extract the contents:
.Bl -enum
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/delete/pkg_delete.1 b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/delete/pkg_delete.1
index 947939b8c480..fbcf752b9e9c 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/delete/pkg_delete.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/delete/pkg_delete.1
@@ -124,7 +124,9 @@ Recursive removal. In addition to specified packages, delete all
packages that depend on those packages as well.
.El
.Sh TECHNICAL DETAILS
+The
.Nm
+utility
does pretty much what it says. It examines installed package records in
.Pa /var/db/pkg/<pkg-name> ,
deletes the package contents, and finally removes the package records.
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/sign/pkg_sign.1 b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/sign/pkg_sign.1
index 7fea4b7f1de1..9a117943d430 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/sign/pkg_sign.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/sign/pkg_sign.1
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@
.Op Fl k Ar cert
.Op Ar
.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
.Nm
-embeds a cryptographic signature within a gzip file
+utility embeds a cryptographic signature within a gzip file
.Ar file .
.Ar type
can be
@@ -72,8 +73,9 @@ you must supply an
which will be recorded as the name of the package, and printed as the
SHA1 checksum.
.Pp
+The
.Nm pkg_check
-checks that cryptographic signature.
+utility checks that cryptographic signature.
It currently disregards
.Ar type
and checks only the topmost signature.
@@ -126,10 +128,11 @@ signing scheme uses eight bytes markers such
+ length for its signatures (those markers are conveniently
eight bytes long).
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
+The
.Nm
and
.Nm pkg_check
-return with an exit code >0 if anything went wrong for any
+utilities return with an exit code >0 if anything went wrong for any
.Ar file .
For
.Nm pkg_check ,
@@ -138,8 +141,9 @@ signature is forged.
.Bl -diag
.It "File %s is already signed"
There is a signature embedded within the gzip file already.
+The
.Nm
-currently does not handle multiple signatures.
+utility currently does not handle multiple signatures.
.It "File %s is not a signed gzip file"
This is an unsigned package.
.It "File %s is not a gzip file"
@@ -191,8 +195,9 @@ Default package verification certificate(s).
.Xr sha1 1
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
+A
.Nm
-was created by
+utility was created by
.An Marc Espie
for the
.Ox
diff --git a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/version/pkg_version.1 b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/version/pkg_version.1
index 3a4d9a8f7bd9..da9a7035f96f 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/pkg_install/version/pkg_version.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/pkg_install/version/pkg_version.1
@@ -106,8 +106,9 @@ was unable to compare the version number of the installed package
with the corresponding entry in the index.
.El
.Sh OPTIONS
+The
.Nm
-supports several command-line arguments:
+utility supports several command-line arguments:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl c
Enable commands output. Commands output includes the commands you should
diff --git a/usr.sbin/rtprio/rtprio.1 b/usr.sbin/rtprio/rtprio.1
index f19f860b3220..6d4d2604b80b 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/rtprio/rtprio.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/rtprio/rtprio.1
@@ -57,11 +57,13 @@ or idletime scheduling priority
.Fl t
.Fl Ar pid
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Rtprio
-is used for controlling realtime process scheduling.
+The
+.Nm
+utility is used for controlling realtime process scheduling.
.Pp
-.Nm Idprio
-is used for controlling idletime process scheduling, and can be called
+The
+.Nm idprio
+utility is used for controlling idletime process scheduling, and can be called
with the same options as
.Nm .
.Pp
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@ A process with an idle priority will run only when no other
process is runnable and then only if its idle priority is equal or
greater than all other runnable idle priority processes.
.Pp
-.Nm Rtprio
+Both
+.Nm
or
.Nm idprio
when called without arguments will return the realtime priority
diff --git a/usr.sbin/tcpdump/tcpslice/tcpslice.1 b/usr.sbin/tcpdump/tcpslice/tcpslice.1
index b79c453b9d83..d804cf66271a 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/tcpdump/tcpslice/tcpslice.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/tcpdump/tcpslice/tcpslice.1
@@ -32,8 +32,9 @@
.Op Ar start-time Op end-time
.Ar
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Tcpslice
-is a program for extracting portions of packet-trace files generated using
+The
+.Nm
+utility extracts portions of packet-trace files generated using
.Xr tcpdump 1 Ns 's
.Fl w
flag.
@@ -231,14 +232,16 @@ with a start/end time. Such filenames can be specified with a
leading `./'; for example, specify the file `04Jul76.trace' as
`./04Jul76.trace'.
.Pp
-.Nm Tcpslice
-cannot read its input from
+The
+.Nm
+utility cannot read its input from
.Pa stdin ,
since it uses random-access
to rummage through its input files.
.Pp
-.Nm Tcpslice
-refuses to write to its output if it is a terminal
+The
+.Nm
+utility refuses to write to its output if it is a terminal
(as indicated by
.Xr isatty 3 ) .
This is not a bug but a feature,
@@ -249,8 +252,9 @@ or specify an
output file via
.Fl w .
.Pp
-.Nm Tcpslice
-will not work properly on
+The
+.Nm
+utility will not work properly on
.Xr tcpdump 1
files spanning more than one year;
with files containing portions of packets whose original length was
diff --git a/usr.sbin/vidcontrol/vidcontrol.1 b/usr.sbin/vidcontrol/vidcontrol.1
index dad94f9e8409..332643cf77f0 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/vidcontrol/vidcontrol.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/vidcontrol/vidcontrol.1
@@ -194,8 +194,9 @@ daemon for text mode cut & paste functionality.
.It Fl p
Capture the current contents of the video buffer corresponding
to the terminal device referred to by standard input.
+The
.Nm
-writes contents of the video buffer to the standard
+utility writes contents of the video buffer to the standard
output in a raw binary format.
For details about that
format see
@@ -286,8 +287,9 @@ utility uses the
.Dv CONS_SCRSHOT
.Xr ioctl 2
to capture the current contents of the video buffer.
+The
.Nm
-writes version and additional information to the standard
+utility writes version and additional information to the standard
output, followed by the contents of the terminal device.
.Pp
VGA video memory is typically arranged in two byte tuples,
diff --git a/usr.sbin/xten/xten.1 b/usr.sbin/xten/xten.1
index 4ac7ac619bbe..45a37e3f31a8 100644
--- a/usr.sbin/xten/xten.1
+++ b/usr.sbin/xten/xten.1
@@ -46,8 +46,9 @@
.Ar ...
.Oc
.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Xten
-is a command-line interface to the X-10 daemon.
+The
+.Nm
+utility is a command-line interface to the X-10 daemon.
When invoked with a one-letter house code (A-P) and a series of key/unit
codes as arguments, it requests the X-10 daemon to transmit a corresponding
series of X-10 packets. The X-10 daemon makes its best effort to ensure