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+//===---- llvm/Analysis/ScalarEvolutionExpander.h - SCEV Exprs --*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file defines the classes used to generate code from scalar expressions.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_ANALYSIS_SCALAREVOLUTIONEXPANDER_H
+#define LLVM_ANALYSIS_SCALAREVOLUTIONEXPANDER_H
+
+#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/DenseSet.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/ScalarEvolutionExpressions.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/ScalarEvolutionNormalization.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/TargetFolder.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/TargetTransformInfo.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/ValueHandle.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
+
+namespace llvm {
+extern cl::opt<unsigned> SCEVCheapExpansionBudget;
+
+/// Return true if the given expression is safe to expand in the sense that
+/// all materialized values are safe to speculate anywhere their operands are
+/// defined.
+bool isSafeToExpand(const SCEV *S, ScalarEvolution &SE);
+
+/// Return true if the given expression is safe to expand in the sense that
+/// all materialized values are defined and safe to speculate at the specified
+/// location and their operands are defined at this location.
+bool isSafeToExpandAt(const SCEV *S, const Instruction *InsertionPoint,
+ ScalarEvolution &SE);
+
+/// struct for holding enough information to help calculate the cost of the
+/// given SCEV when expanded into IR.
+struct SCEVOperand {
+ explicit SCEVOperand(unsigned Opc, int Idx, const SCEV *S) :
+ ParentOpcode(Opc), OperandIdx(Idx), S(S) { }
+ /// LLVM instruction opcode that uses the operand.
+ unsigned ParentOpcode;
+ /// The use index of an expanded instruction.
+ int OperandIdx;
+ /// The SCEV operand to be costed.
+ const SCEV* S;
+};
+
+/// This class uses information about analyze scalars to rewrite expressions
+/// in canonical form.
+///
+/// Clients should create an instance of this class when rewriting is needed,
+/// and destroy it when finished to allow the release of the associated
+/// memory.
+class SCEVExpander : public SCEVVisitor<SCEVExpander, Value *> {
+ ScalarEvolution &SE;
+ const DataLayout &DL;
+
+ // New instructions receive a name to identify them with the current pass.
+ const char *IVName;
+
+ /// Indicates whether LCSSA phis should be created for inserted values.
+ bool PreserveLCSSA;
+
+ // InsertedExpressions caches Values for reuse, so must track RAUW.
+ DenseMap<std::pair<const SCEV *, Instruction *>, TrackingVH<Value>>
+ InsertedExpressions;
+
+ // InsertedValues only flags inserted instructions so needs no RAUW.
+ DenseSet<AssertingVH<Value>> InsertedValues;
+ DenseSet<AssertingVH<Value>> InsertedPostIncValues;
+
+ /// Keep track of the existing IR values re-used during expansion.
+ /// FIXME: Ideally re-used instructions would not be added to
+ /// InsertedValues/InsertedPostIncValues.
+ SmallPtrSet<Value *, 16> ReusedValues;
+
+ /// A memoization of the "relevant" loop for a given SCEV.
+ DenseMap<const SCEV *, const Loop *> RelevantLoops;
+
+ /// Addrecs referring to any of the given loops are expanded in post-inc
+ /// mode. For example, expanding {1,+,1}<L> in post-inc mode returns the add
+ /// instruction that adds one to the phi for {0,+,1}<L>, as opposed to a new
+ /// phi starting at 1. This is only supported in non-canonical mode.
+ PostIncLoopSet PostIncLoops;
+
+ /// When this is non-null, addrecs expanded in the loop it indicates should
+ /// be inserted with increments at IVIncInsertPos.
+ const Loop *IVIncInsertLoop;
+
+ /// When expanding addrecs in the IVIncInsertLoop loop, insert the IV
+ /// increment at this position.
+ Instruction *IVIncInsertPos;
+
+ /// Phis that complete an IV chain. Reuse
+ DenseSet<AssertingVH<PHINode>> ChainedPhis;
+
+ /// When true, SCEVExpander tries to expand expressions in "canonical" form.
+ /// When false, expressions are expanded in a more literal form.
+ ///
+ /// In "canonical" form addrecs are expanded as arithmetic based on a
+ /// canonical induction variable. Note that CanonicalMode doesn't guarantee
+ /// that all expressions are expanded in "canonical" form. For some
+ /// expressions literal mode can be preferred.
+ bool CanonicalMode;
+
+ /// When invoked from LSR, the expander is in "strength reduction" mode. The
+ /// only difference is that phi's are only reused if they are already in
+ /// "expanded" form.
+ bool LSRMode;
+
+ typedef IRBuilder<TargetFolder, IRBuilderCallbackInserter> BuilderType;
+ BuilderType Builder;
+
+ // RAII object that stores the current insertion point and restores it when
+ // the object is destroyed. This includes the debug location. Duplicated
+ // from InsertPointGuard to add SetInsertPoint() which is used to updated
+ // InsertPointGuards stack when insert points are moved during SCEV
+ // expansion.
+ class SCEVInsertPointGuard {
+ IRBuilderBase &Builder;
+ AssertingVH<BasicBlock> Block;
+ BasicBlock::iterator Point;
+ DebugLoc DbgLoc;
+ SCEVExpander *SE;
+
+ SCEVInsertPointGuard(const SCEVInsertPointGuard &) = delete;
+ SCEVInsertPointGuard &operator=(const SCEVInsertPointGuard &) = delete;
+
+ public:
+ SCEVInsertPointGuard(IRBuilderBase &B, SCEVExpander *SE)
+ : Builder(B), Block(B.GetInsertBlock()), Point(B.GetInsertPoint()),
+ DbgLoc(B.getCurrentDebugLocation()), SE(SE) {
+ SE->InsertPointGuards.push_back(this);
+ }
+
+ ~SCEVInsertPointGuard() {
+ // These guards should always created/destroyed in FIFO order since they
+ // are used to guard lexically scoped blocks of code in
+ // ScalarEvolutionExpander.
+ assert(SE->InsertPointGuards.back() == this);
+ SE->InsertPointGuards.pop_back();
+ Builder.restoreIP(IRBuilderBase::InsertPoint(Block, Point));
+ Builder.SetCurrentDebugLocation(DbgLoc);
+ }
+
+ BasicBlock::iterator GetInsertPoint() const { return Point; }
+ void SetInsertPoint(BasicBlock::iterator I) { Point = I; }
+ };
+
+ /// Stack of pointers to saved insert points, used to keep insert points
+ /// consistent when instructions are moved.
+ SmallVector<SCEVInsertPointGuard *, 8> InsertPointGuards;
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+ const char *DebugType;
+#endif
+
+ friend struct SCEVVisitor<SCEVExpander, Value *>;
+
+public:
+ /// Construct a SCEVExpander in "canonical" mode.
+ explicit SCEVExpander(ScalarEvolution &se, const DataLayout &DL,
+ const char *name, bool PreserveLCSSA = true)
+ : SE(se), DL(DL), IVName(name), PreserveLCSSA(PreserveLCSSA),
+ IVIncInsertLoop(nullptr), IVIncInsertPos(nullptr), CanonicalMode(true),
+ LSRMode(false),
+ Builder(se.getContext(), TargetFolder(DL),
+ IRBuilderCallbackInserter(
+ [this](Instruction *I) { rememberInstruction(I); })) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+ DebugType = "";
+#endif
+ }
+
+ ~SCEVExpander() {
+ // Make sure the insert point guard stack is consistent.
+ assert(InsertPointGuards.empty());
+ }
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+ void setDebugType(const char *s) { DebugType = s; }
+#endif
+
+ /// Erase the contents of the InsertedExpressions map so that users trying
+ /// to expand the same expression into multiple BasicBlocks or different
+ /// places within the same BasicBlock can do so.
+ void clear() {
+ InsertedExpressions.clear();
+ InsertedValues.clear();
+ InsertedPostIncValues.clear();
+ ReusedValues.clear();
+ ChainedPhis.clear();
+ }
+
+ /// Return a vector containing all instructions inserted during expansion.
+ SmallVector<Instruction *, 32> getAllInsertedInstructions() const {
+ SmallVector<Instruction *, 32> Result;
+ for (auto &VH : InsertedValues) {
+ Value *V = VH;
+ if (ReusedValues.contains(V))
+ continue;
+ if (auto *Inst = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V))
+ Result.push_back(Inst);
+ }
+ for (auto &VH : InsertedPostIncValues) {
+ Value *V = VH;
+ if (ReusedValues.contains(V))
+ continue;
+ if (auto *Inst = dyn_cast<Instruction>(V))
+ Result.push_back(Inst);
+ }
+
+ return Result;
+ }
+
+ /// Return true for expressions that can't be evaluated at runtime
+ /// within given \b Budget.
+ ///
+ /// At is a parameter which specifies point in code where user is going to
+ /// expand this expression. Sometimes this knowledge can lead to
+ /// a less pessimistic cost estimation.
+ bool isHighCostExpansion(const SCEV *Expr, Loop *L, unsigned Budget,
+ const TargetTransformInfo *TTI,
+ const Instruction *At) {
+ assert(TTI && "This function requires TTI to be provided.");
+ assert(At && "This function requires At instruction to be provided.");
+ if (!TTI) // In assert-less builds, avoid crashing
+ return true; // by always claiming to be high-cost.
+ SmallVector<SCEVOperand, 8> Worklist;
+ SmallPtrSet<const SCEV *, 8> Processed;
+ int BudgetRemaining = Budget * TargetTransformInfo::TCC_Basic;
+ Worklist.emplace_back(-1, -1, Expr);
+ while (!Worklist.empty()) {
+ const SCEVOperand WorkItem = Worklist.pop_back_val();
+ if (isHighCostExpansionHelper(WorkItem, L, *At, BudgetRemaining,
+ *TTI, Processed, Worklist))
+ return true;
+ }
+ assert(BudgetRemaining >= 0 && "Should have returned from inner loop.");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ /// Return the induction variable increment's IV operand.
+ Instruction *getIVIncOperand(Instruction *IncV, Instruction *InsertPos,
+ bool allowScale);
+
+ /// Utility for hoisting an IV increment.
+ bool hoistIVInc(Instruction *IncV, Instruction *InsertPos);
+
+ /// replace congruent phis with their most canonical representative. Return
+ /// the number of phis eliminated.
+ unsigned replaceCongruentIVs(Loop *L, const DominatorTree *DT,
+ SmallVectorImpl<WeakTrackingVH> &DeadInsts,
+ const TargetTransformInfo *TTI = nullptr);
+
+ /// Insert code to directly compute the specified SCEV expression into the
+ /// program. The code is inserted into the specified block.
+ Value *expandCodeFor(const SCEV *SH, Type *Ty, Instruction *I) {
+ return expandCodeForImpl(SH, Ty, I, true);
+ }
+
+ /// Insert code to directly compute the specified SCEV expression into the
+ /// program. The code is inserted into the SCEVExpander's current
+ /// insertion point. If a type is specified, the result will be expanded to
+ /// have that type, with a cast if necessary.
+ Value *expandCodeFor(const SCEV *SH, Type *Ty = nullptr) {
+ return expandCodeForImpl(SH, Ty, true);
+ }
+
+ /// Generates a code sequence that evaluates this predicate. The inserted
+ /// instructions will be at position \p Loc. The result will be of type i1
+ /// and will have a value of 0 when the predicate is false and 1 otherwise.
+ Value *expandCodeForPredicate(const SCEVPredicate *Pred, Instruction *Loc);
+
+ /// A specialized variant of expandCodeForPredicate, handling the case when
+ /// we are expanding code for a SCEVEqualPredicate.
+ Value *expandEqualPredicate(const SCEVEqualPredicate *Pred, Instruction *Loc);
+
+ /// Generates code that evaluates if the \p AR expression will overflow.
+ Value *generateOverflowCheck(const SCEVAddRecExpr *AR, Instruction *Loc,
+ bool Signed);
+
+ /// A specialized variant of expandCodeForPredicate, handling the case when
+ /// we are expanding code for a SCEVWrapPredicate.
+ Value *expandWrapPredicate(const SCEVWrapPredicate *P, Instruction *Loc);
+
+ /// A specialized variant of expandCodeForPredicate, handling the case when
+ /// we are expanding code for a SCEVUnionPredicate.
+ Value *expandUnionPredicate(const SCEVUnionPredicate *Pred, Instruction *Loc);
+
+ /// Set the current IV increment loop and position.
+ void setIVIncInsertPos(const Loop *L, Instruction *Pos) {
+ assert(!CanonicalMode &&
+ "IV increment positions are not supported in CanonicalMode");
+ IVIncInsertLoop = L;
+ IVIncInsertPos = Pos;
+ }
+
+ /// Enable post-inc expansion for addrecs referring to the given
+ /// loops. Post-inc expansion is only supported in non-canonical mode.
+ void setPostInc(const PostIncLoopSet &L) {
+ assert(!CanonicalMode &&
+ "Post-inc expansion is not supported in CanonicalMode");
+ PostIncLoops = L;
+ }
+
+ /// Disable all post-inc expansion.
+ void clearPostInc() {
+ PostIncLoops.clear();
+
+ // When we change the post-inc loop set, cached expansions may no
+ // longer be valid.
+ InsertedPostIncValues.clear();
+ }
+
+ /// Disable the behavior of expanding expressions in canonical form rather
+ /// than in a more literal form. Non-canonical mode is useful for late
+ /// optimization passes.
+ void disableCanonicalMode() { CanonicalMode = false; }
+
+ void enableLSRMode() { LSRMode = true; }
+
+ /// Set the current insertion point. This is useful if multiple calls to
+ /// expandCodeFor() are going to be made with the same insert point and the
+ /// insert point may be moved during one of the expansions (e.g. if the
+ /// insert point is not a block terminator).
+ void setInsertPoint(Instruction *IP) {
+ assert(IP);
+ Builder.SetInsertPoint(IP);
+ }
+
+ /// Clear the current insertion point. This is useful if the instruction
+ /// that had been serving as the insertion point may have been deleted.
+ void clearInsertPoint() { Builder.ClearInsertionPoint(); }
+
+ /// Set location information used by debugging information.
+ void SetCurrentDebugLocation(DebugLoc L) {
+ Builder.SetCurrentDebugLocation(std::move(L));
+ }
+
+ /// Get location information used by debugging information.
+ DebugLoc getCurrentDebugLocation() const {
+ return Builder.getCurrentDebugLocation();
+ }
+
+ /// Return true if the specified instruction was inserted by the code
+ /// rewriter. If so, the client should not modify the instruction. Note that
+ /// this also includes instructions re-used during expansion.
+ bool isInsertedInstruction(Instruction *I) const {
+ return InsertedValues.count(I) || InsertedPostIncValues.count(I);
+ }
+
+ void setChainedPhi(PHINode *PN) { ChainedPhis.insert(PN); }
+
+ /// Try to find the ValueOffsetPair for S. The function is mainly used to
+ /// check whether S can be expanded cheaply. If this returns a non-None
+ /// value, we know we can codegen the `ValueOffsetPair` into a suitable
+ /// expansion identical with S so that S can be expanded cheaply.
+ ///
+ /// L is a hint which tells in which loop to look for the suitable value.
+ /// On success return value which is equivalent to the expanded S at point
+ /// At. Return nullptr if value was not found.
+ ///
+ /// Note that this function does not perform an exhaustive search. I.e if it
+ /// didn't find any value it does not mean that there is no such value.
+ ///
+ Optional<ScalarEvolution::ValueOffsetPair>
+ getRelatedExistingExpansion(const SCEV *S, const Instruction *At, Loop *L);
+
+ /// Returns a suitable insert point after \p I, that dominates \p
+ /// MustDominate. Skips instructions inserted by the expander.
+ BasicBlock::iterator findInsertPointAfter(Instruction *I,
+ Instruction *MustDominate);
+
+private:
+ LLVMContext &getContext() const { return SE.getContext(); }
+
+ /// Insert code to directly compute the specified SCEV expression into the
+ /// program. The code is inserted into the SCEVExpander's current
+ /// insertion point. If a type is specified, the result will be expanded to
+ /// have that type, with a cast if necessary. If \p Root is true, this
+ /// indicates that \p SH is the top-level expression to expand passed from
+ /// an external client call.
+ Value *expandCodeForImpl(const SCEV *SH, Type *Ty, bool Root);
+
+ /// Insert code to directly compute the specified SCEV expression into the
+ /// program. The code is inserted into the specified block. If \p
+ /// Root is true, this indicates that \p SH is the top-level expression to
+ /// expand passed from an external client call.
+ Value *expandCodeForImpl(const SCEV *SH, Type *Ty, Instruction *I, bool Root);
+
+ /// Recursive helper function for isHighCostExpansion.
+ bool isHighCostExpansionHelper(
+ const SCEVOperand &WorkItem, Loop *L, const Instruction &At,
+ int &BudgetRemaining, const TargetTransformInfo &TTI,
+ SmallPtrSetImpl<const SCEV *> &Processed,
+ SmallVectorImpl<SCEVOperand> &Worklist);
+
+ /// Insert the specified binary operator, doing a small amount of work to
+ /// avoid inserting an obviously redundant operation, and hoisting to an
+ /// outer loop when the opportunity is there and it is safe.
+ Value *InsertBinop(Instruction::BinaryOps Opcode, Value *LHS, Value *RHS,
+ SCEV::NoWrapFlags Flags, bool IsSafeToHoist);
+
+ /// Arrange for there to be a cast of V to Ty at IP, reusing an existing
+ /// cast if a suitable one exists, moving an existing cast if a suitable one
+ /// exists but isn't in the right place, or creating a new one.
+ Value *ReuseOrCreateCast(Value *V, Type *Ty, Instruction::CastOps Op,
+ BasicBlock::iterator IP);
+
+ /// Insert a cast of V to the specified type, which must be possible with a
+ /// noop cast, doing what we can to share the casts.
+ Value *InsertNoopCastOfTo(Value *V, Type *Ty);
+
+ /// Expand a SCEVAddExpr with a pointer type into a GEP instead of using
+ /// ptrtoint+arithmetic+inttoptr.
+ Value *expandAddToGEP(const SCEV *const *op_begin, const SCEV *const *op_end,
+ PointerType *PTy, Type *Ty, Value *V);
+ Value *expandAddToGEP(const SCEV *Op, PointerType *PTy, Type *Ty, Value *V);
+
+ /// Find a previous Value in ExprValueMap for expand.
+ ScalarEvolution::ValueOffsetPair
+ FindValueInExprValueMap(const SCEV *S, const Instruction *InsertPt);
+
+ Value *expand(const SCEV *S);
+
+ /// Determine the most "relevant" loop for the given SCEV.
+ const Loop *getRelevantLoop(const SCEV *);
+
+ Value *visitConstant(const SCEVConstant *S) { return S->getValue(); }
+
+ Value *visitPtrToIntExpr(const SCEVPtrToIntExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitTruncateExpr(const SCEVTruncateExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitZeroExtendExpr(const SCEVZeroExtendExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitSignExtendExpr(const SCEVSignExtendExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitAddExpr(const SCEVAddExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitMulExpr(const SCEVMulExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitUDivExpr(const SCEVUDivExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitAddRecExpr(const SCEVAddRecExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitSMaxExpr(const SCEVSMaxExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitUMaxExpr(const SCEVUMaxExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitSMinExpr(const SCEVSMinExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitUMinExpr(const SCEVUMinExpr *S);
+
+ Value *visitUnknown(const SCEVUnknown *S) { return S->getValue(); }
+
+ void rememberInstruction(Value *I);
+
+ bool isNormalAddRecExprPHI(PHINode *PN, Instruction *IncV, const Loop *L);
+
+ bool isExpandedAddRecExprPHI(PHINode *PN, Instruction *IncV, const Loop *L);
+
+ Value *expandAddRecExprLiterally(const SCEVAddRecExpr *);
+ PHINode *getAddRecExprPHILiterally(const SCEVAddRecExpr *Normalized,
+ const Loop *L, Type *ExpandTy, Type *IntTy,
+ Type *&TruncTy, bool &InvertStep);
+ Value *expandIVInc(PHINode *PN, Value *StepV, const Loop *L, Type *ExpandTy,
+ Type *IntTy, bool useSubtract);
+
+ void hoistBeforePos(DominatorTree *DT, Instruction *InstToHoist,
+ Instruction *Pos, PHINode *LoopPhi);
+
+ void fixupInsertPoints(Instruction *I);
+
+ /// If required, create LCSSA PHIs for \p Users' operand \p OpIdx. If new
+ /// LCSSA PHIs have been created, return the LCSSA PHI available at \p User.
+ /// If no PHIs have been created, return the unchanged operand \p OpIdx.
+ Value *fixupLCSSAFormFor(Instruction *User, unsigned OpIdx);
+};
+
+/// Helper to remove instructions inserted during SCEV expansion, unless they
+/// are marked as used.
+class SCEVExpanderCleaner {
+ SCEVExpander &Expander;
+
+ DominatorTree &DT;
+
+ /// Indicates whether the result of the expansion is used. If false, the
+ /// instructions added during expansion are removed.
+ bool ResultUsed;
+
+public:
+ SCEVExpanderCleaner(SCEVExpander &Expander, DominatorTree &DT)
+ : Expander(Expander), DT(DT), ResultUsed(false) {}
+
+ ~SCEVExpanderCleaner();
+
+ /// Indicate that the result of the expansion is used.
+ void markResultUsed() { ResultUsed = true; }
+};
+} // namespace llvm
+
+#endif