diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/op/op.ps')
| -rw-r--r-- | usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/op/op.ps | 5173 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 5173 deletions
diff --git a/usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/op/op.ps b/usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/op/op.ps deleted file mode 100644 index 45a80cdbc1e7..000000000000 --- a/usr.sbin/sendmail/doc/op/op.ps +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5173 +0,0 @@ -%!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.08 -%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Bold -%%+ font Times-Roman -%%+ font Times-Italic -%%+ font Symbol -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0 -%%Pages: 61 -%%PageOrder: Ascend -%%Orientation: Portrait -%%EndComments -%%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0 -/setpacking where{ -pop -currentpacking -true setpacking -}if -/grops 120 dict dup begin -/SC 32 def -/A/show load def -/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/C{0 exch ashow}bind def -/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def -/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def -/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/M{rmoveto show}bind def -/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/Q{moveto show}bind def -/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def -/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def -/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def -/SF{ -findfont exch -[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/MF{ -findfont -[5 2 roll -0 3 1 roll -neg 0 0]makefont -dup setfont -[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def -}bind def -/level0 0 def -/RES 0 def -/PL 0 def -/LS 0 def -/PLG{ -gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore -exch pop add exch pop -}bind def -/BP{ -/level0 save def -1 setlinecap -1 setlinejoin -72 RES div dup scale -LS{ -90 rotate -}{ -0 PL translate -}ifelse -1 -1 scale -}bind def -/EP{ -level0 restore -showpage -}bind def -/DA{ -newpath arcn stroke -}bind def -/SN{ -transform -.25 sub exch .25 sub exch -round .25 add exch round .25 add exch -itransform -}bind def -/DL{ -SN -moveto -SN -lineto stroke -}bind def -/DC{ -newpath 0 360 arc closepath -}bind def -/TM matrix def -/DE{ -TM currentmatrix pop -translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath -TM setmatrix -}bind def -/RC/rcurveto load def -/RL/rlineto load def -/ST/stroke load def -/MT/moveto load def -/CL/closepath load def -/FL{ -currentgray exch setgray fill setgray -}bind def -/BL/fill load def -/LW/setlinewidth load def -/RE{ -findfont -dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin -{ -1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse -}forall -/Encoding exch def -dup/FontName exch def -currentdict end definefont pop -}bind def -/DEFS 0 def -/EBEGIN{ -moveto -DEFS begin -}bind def -/EEND/end load def -/CNT 0 def -/level1 0 def -/PBEGIN{ -/level1 save def -translate -div 3 1 roll div exch scale -neg exch neg exch translate -0 setgray -0 setlinecap -1 setlinewidth -0 setlinejoin -10 setmiterlimit -[]0 setdash -/setstrokeadjust where{ -pop -false setstrokeadjust -}if -/setoverprint where{ -pop -false setoverprint -}if -newpath -/CNT countdictstack def -userdict begin -/showpage{}def -}bind def -/PEND{ -clear -countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat -level1 restore -}bind def -end def -/setpacking where{ -pop -setpacking -}if -%%EndResource -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman -%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic -%%IncludeResource: font Symbol -grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL -792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron -/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space -/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft -/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four -/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C -/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash -/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q -/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase -/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger -/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut -/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash -/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar -/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus -/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu -/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright -/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde -/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute -/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis -/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls -/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute -/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve -/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex -/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE -/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE -%%EndProlog -%%Page: 1 1 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 16/Times-Bold@0 SF(SENDMAIL)244.888 143.4 Q/F1 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(INST) -170.172 172.2 Q(ALLA)-1.08 E(TION AND OPERA)-1.14 E(TION GUIDE)-1.14 E/F2 10 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(Eric Allman)263.42 196.2 Q(Uni)219.725 208.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Mammoth Project)251.75 -220.2 Q(eric@CS.Berk)239.41 232.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -1.11 -(Ve)265.225 256.2 S(rsion 8.2)1.11 E -.15(Fo)236.965 280.2 S 2.5(rS).15 G -(endmail V)258.765 280.2 Q(ersion 8.2)-1.11 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail) -97 324.6 Q F2 .699(implements a general purpose internetw)3.199 F .698 -(ork mail routing f)-.1 F .698(acility under the UNIX* operat-)-.1 F .378 -(ing system.)72 336.6 R .378(It is not tied to an)5.378 F 2.878(yo)-.15 G .378 -(ne transport protocol \212 its function may be lik)208.214 336.6 R .378 -(ened to a crossbar switch,)-.1 F 1.036 -(relaying messages from one domain into another)72 348.6 R 6.036(.I)-.55 G -3.536(nt)284.502 348.6 S 1.036 -(he process, it can do a limited amount of message)295.818 348.6 R .604(header\ - editing to put the message into a format that is appropriate for the recei)72 -360.6 R .604(ving domain.)-.25 F .604(All of this is)5.604 F -(done under the control of a con\214guration \214le.)72 372.6 Q .711 -(Due to the requirements of \215e)97 388.8 R .711(xibility for)-.15 F F3 -(sendmail)3.211 E F2 3.211(,t)C .71(he con\214guration \214le can seem some) -311.688 388.8 R .71(what unap-)-.25 F 2.893(proachable. Ho)72 400.8 R(we)-.25 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 1.193 -.4(r, t).15 H .393(here are only a fe).4 F 2.893(wb)-.25 -G .394(asic con\214gurations for most sites, for which standard con\214gu-) -253.381 400.8 R .646(ration \214les ha)72 412.8 R .946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .646 -(een supplied.).15 F .645(Most other con\214gurations can be b)5.646 F .645 -(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F .645(xisting con\214gura-)-.15 F -(tion \214les incrementally)72 424.8 Q(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)97 441 Q F2 .15 -(is based on RFC822 \(Internet Mail F)2.65 F .15 -(ormat Protocol\), RFC821 \(Simple Mail T)-.15 F .15(ransport Pro-)-.35 F .129 -(tocol\), RFC1123 \(Internet Host Requirements\), and RFC1425 \(SMTP Service E\ -xtensions\).)72 453 R(Ho)5.129 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .929 -.4(r, s).15 H -(ince).4 E F3(sendmail)72 465 Q F2 .749(is designed to w)3.249 F .749 -(ork in a wider w)-.1 F .749(orld, in man)-.1 F 3.25(yc)-.15 G .75 -(ases it can be con\214gured to e)309.31 465 R .75(xceed these proto-)-.15 F -2.5(cols. These)72 477 R(cases are described herein.)2.5 E(Although)97 493.2 Q -F3(sendmail)3.548 E F2 1.047(is intended to run without the need for monitorin\ -g, it has a number of features)3.548 F 1.972(that may be used to monitor or ad\ -just the operation under unusual circumstances.)72 505.2 R 1.972 -(These features are)6.972 F(described.)72 517.2 Q .817 -(Section one describes ho)97 533.4 R 3.317(wt)-.25 G 3.317(od)211.668 533.4 S -3.317(oa)224.985 533.4 S(basic)-.001 E F3(sendmail)3.316 E F2 3.316 -(installation. Section)3.316 F(tw)3.316 E 3.316(oe)-.1 G .816 -(xplains the day-to-day)412.938 533.4 R .282(information you should kno)72 -545.4 R 2.782(wt)-.25 G 2.782(om)196.768 545.4 S .282 -(aintain your mail system.)212.33 545.4 R .282(If you ha)5.282 F .583 -.15 -(ve a r)-.2 H(elati).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .283(ly normal site, these tw).15 F(o) --.1 E .635(sections should contain suf)72 557.4 R .635 -(\214cient information for you to install)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.135 E F2 .634 -(and k)3.135 F .634(eep it happ)-.1 F 4.434 -.65(y. S)-.1 H .634(ection three) -.65 F .925(describes some parameters that may be safely tweak)72 569.4 R 3.425 -(ed. Section)-.1 F .925(four has information re)3.425 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .925 -(rding the com-).05 F .886(mand line ar)72 581.4 R 3.386(guments. Section)-.18 -F<8c76>3.386 E 3.386(ec)-.15 G .885 -(ontains the nitty-gritty information about the con\214guration \214le.)221.92 -581.4 R(This)5.885 E .501 -(section is for masochists and people who must write their o)72 593.4 R .501 -(wn con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F .501(Section six gi)5.501 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.002(sab).15 G(rief)490.12 593.4 Q .355(description of dif)72 605.4 R .355 -(ferences in this v)-.25 F .355(ersion of)-.15 F F3(sendmail)2.855 E F2 5.355 -(.T)C .355(he appendix)298.85 605.4 R .355(es gi)-.15 F .654 -.15(ve a b)-.25 H -.354(rief b).15 F .354(ut detailed e)-.2 F(xplanation)-.15 E -(of a number of features not described in the rest of the paper)72 617.4 Q(.) --.55 E .32 LW 76 680.4 72 680.4 DL 80 680.4 76 680.4 DL 84 680.4 80 680.4 DL 88 -680.4 84 680.4 DL 92 680.4 88 680.4 DL 96 680.4 92 680.4 DL 100 680.4 96 680.4 -DL 104 680.4 100 680.4 DL 108 680.4 104 680.4 DL 112 680.4 108 680.4 DL 116 -680.4 112 680.4 DL 120 680.4 116 680.4 DL 124 680.4 120 680.4 DL 128 680.4 124 -680.4 DL 132 680.4 128 680.4 DL 136 680.4 132 680.4 DL 140 680.4 136 680.4 DL -144 680.4 140 680.4 DL 148 680.4 144 680.4 DL 152 680.4 148 680.4 DL 156 680.4 -152 680.4 DL 160 680.4 156 680.4 DL 164 680.4 160 680.4 DL 168 680.4 164 680.4 -DL 172 680.4 168 680.4 DL 176 680.4 172 680.4 DL 180 680.4 176 680.4 DL 184 -680.4 180 680.4 DL 188 680.4 184 680.4 DL 192 680.4 188 680.4 DL 196 680.4 192 -680.4 DL 200 680.4 196 680.4 DL 204 680.4 200 680.4 DL 208 680.4 204 680.4 DL -212 680.4 208 680.4 DL 216 680.4 212 680.4 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(*UNIX is a trademark of Bell Laboratories.)93.6 692.4 Q/F5 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-1)457.9 756 Q EP -%%Page: 5 2 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-5)457.9 60 Q 2.5(1. B)72 96 R(ASIC INST)-.3 E(ALLA)-.9 E(TION)-.95 E/F1 -10/Times-Roman@0 SF .233(There are tw)112 112.2 R 2.733(ob)-.1 G .233 -(asic steps to installing sendmail.)175.629 112.2 R .233(The hard part is to b) -5.233 F .234(uild the con\214guration table.)-.2 F 1.186(This is a \214le that\ - sendmail reads when it starts up that describes the mailers it kno)87 124.2 R -1.185(ws about, ho)-.25 F 3.685(wt)-.25 G(o)499 124.2 Q .714 -(parse addresses, ho)87 136.2 R 3.214(wt)-.25 G 3.214(or)178.312 136.2 S -.25 -(ew)189.856 136.2 S .715(rite the message header).25 F 3.215(,a)-.4 G .715 -(nd the settings of v)306.745 136.2 R .715(arious options.)-.25 F .715 -(Although the)5.715 F .852(con\214guration table is quite comple)87 148.2 R -.852(x, a con\214guration can usually be b)-.15 F .852(uilt by adjusting an e) --.2 F .852(xisting of)-.15 F(f-)-.25 E 1.077(the-shelf con\214guration.)87 -160.2 R 1.078(The second part is actually doing the installation, i.e., creati\ -ng the necessary)6.077 F(\214les, etc.)87 172.2 Q .192(The remainder of this s\ -ection will describe the installation of sendmail assuming you can use one)112 -188.4 R 1.431(of the e)87 200.4 R 1.432(xisting con\214gurations and that the \ -standard installation parameters are acceptable.)-.15 F 1.432(All path-)6.432 F -8.62(names and e)87 212.4 R 8.62(xamples are gi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 11.12(nf) -.15 G 8.62(rom the root of the)257.57 212.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail) -378.16 212.4 Q F1 8.62(subtree, normally)425.39 212.4 R F2(/usr/sr)87 224.4 Q -(c/usr)-.37 E(.sbin/sendmail)-1.11 E F1(on 4.4BSD.)2.5 E .511 -(If you are loading this of)112 240.6 R 3.011(ft)-.25 G .511 -(he tape, continue with the ne)222.576 240.6 R .511(xt session.)-.15 F .511 -(If you ha)5.511 F .811 -.15(ve a r)-.2 H .512(unning binary).15 F -(already on your system, you should probably skip to section 1.2.)87 252.6 Q F0 -2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 276.6 R(Sendmail)2.5 E F1 .435 -(All sendmail source is in the)127 292.8 R F2(sr)2.935 E(c)-.37 E F1 -(subdirectory)2.934 E 5.434(.I)-.65 G 2.934(fy)321.658 292.8 S .434 -(ou are running on a 4.4BSD system, com-)332.922 292.8 R -(pile by typing \231mak)102 304.8 Q 2.5(e\232. On)-.1 F -(other systems, you may ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(om).15 G(ak)348.75 -304.8 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ome other adjustments.)368.92 304.8 Q F0 2.5(1.1.1. Old) -102 328.8 R -.1(ve)2.5 G(rsions of mak).1 E(e)-.1 E F1 -(If you are not running the ne)142 345 Q 2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersion of)270.74 345 Q -F0(mak)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(you will probably ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ou) -.15 G(se)444.16 345 Q(mak)157 361.2 Q 2.5<65ad>-.1 G 2.5(fM)186.7 361.2 S(ak) -201.42 361.2 Q(e\214le.dist)-.1 E .885(This \214le does not assume se)117 377.4 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G .885(ral ne).15 F 3.385(ws)-.25 G(yntax)280.025 377.4 Q .885 -(es, including the \231+=\232 syntax in macro de\214nition)-.15 F -(and the \231.include\232 syntax.)117 389.4 Q F0 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 -413.4 R(\215ags)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)142 429.6 Q F1(supports tw)2.5 E 2.5(od)-.1 G -(if)240.51 429.6 Q(ferent formats for the)-.25 E F2(aliases)2.5 E F1 2.5 -(database. These)2.5 F(formats are:)2.5 E 39.5(NDBM The)117 445.8 R -.74(``) -3.167 G(ne).74 E 3.167(wD)-.25 G(BM')240.434 445.8 Q 3.167('f)-.74 G .667 -(ormat, a)268.411 445.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .666 -(ilable on nearly all systems around today).25 F 5.666(.T)-.65 G(his)492.33 -445.8 Q -.1(wa)189 457.8 S 3.54(st).1 G 1.041 -(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)210.77 457.8 R 1.041(It allo)6.041 F -1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.541(xt)-.15 G 1.041(hings as)470.459 457.8 R -(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 469.8 Q 32.84 -(NEWDB The)117 486 R(ne)3.324 E 3.324(wd)-.25 G .824(atabase package from Berk) -232.608 486 R(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H 3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha) -382.718 486 R 1.124 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .824(his, use it.).15 F .823(It allo)5.823 -F(ws)-.25 E .839 -(long records, multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.) -189 498 R -1.1(Yo)189 510 S 3.582(uc)1.1 G 1.081 -(an de\214ne this in conjunction with one of the other tw)213.142 510 R 1.081 -(o; if you do, old)-.1 F .692(databases are read, b)189 522 R .693 -(ut when a ne)-.2 F 3.193(wd)-.25 G .693 -(atabase is created it will be in NEWDB)341.679 522 R 4.286(format. As)189 534 -R 4.286(an)4.286 G 1.786(asty hack, if you ha)254.068 534 R 2.085 -.15(ve N)-.2 -H 1.785(EWDB, NDBM, and YPCOMP).15 F -1.11(AT)-.92 G 1.162 -(de\214ned, and if the \214le)189 546 R F2(/var/yp/Mak)3.663 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 --.15(ex)3.663 G 1.163(ists and is readable,).15 F F2(sendmail)3.663 E F1(will) -3.663 E .345(create both ne)189 558 R 2.845(wa)-.25 G .345(nd old v)260.035 558 -R .345(ersions of the alias \214le during a)-.15 F F2(ne)2.844 E(walias)-.15 E -F1(command.)2.844 E 1.219 -(This is required because the Sun NIS/YP system reads the DBM v)189 570 R 1.22 -(ersion of)-.15 F(the alias \214le.)189 582 Q(It')5 E 2.5(su)-.55 G -(gly as sin, b)265.11 582 Q(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112 -(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 598.2 R F2(sendmail)3.612 E F1 1.112 -(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.112(ry in).15 -F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E(This can be slo)117 610.2 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G -(nd should be a)191.18 610.2 Q -.2(vo)-.2 G(ided.).2 E .719 -(System V based systems can de\214ne SYSTEM5 to mak)142 626.4 R 3.219(es)-.1 G --2.15 -.25(ev e)378.081 626.4 T .719(ral small adjustments.).25 F(This)5.72 E -1.076(changes the handling of timezones and uses the much less ef)117 638.4 R -(\214cient)-.25 E F2(loc)3.576 E(kf)-.2 E F1 1.076(call in preference to)3.576 -F F2(\215oc)117 650.4 Q(k)-.2 E F1 7.224(.T)C 2.224(hese can be speci\214ed se\ -parately using the compilation \215ags SYS5TZ and LOCKF)151.514 650.4 R -(respecti)117 662.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 1.647(If you don')142 -678.6 R 4.147(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)202.031 678.6 T(the)4.347 E F2(unseten) -4.147 E(v)-.4 E F1 1.647(routine in your system library)4.147 F 4.147(,d)-.65 G -1.647(e\214ne the UNSETENV)411.277 678.6 R(compilation \215ag.)117 690.6 Q -1.1 -(Yo)142 706.8 S 3.854(um)1.1 G 1.354(ay also ha)169.754 706.8 R 1.654 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H 3.854(od).15 G 1.355(e\214ne the compilation v)242.03 706.8 R 1.355 -(ariable LA_TYPE to describe ho)-.25 F 3.855(wy)-.25 G(our)490.67 706.8 Q -(load a)117 718.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage is computed.).15 E -(This and other \215ags are detailed in section 6.1.)5 E EP -%%Page: 6 3 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-6 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.1.3. Compilation)102 96 R -(and installation)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .309 -(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.808(,Y).15 G .308(ou should be able to com-)398.86 112.2 R .87 -(pile and install the system.)117 126.2 R .87 -(Compilation can be performed using \231mak)5.87 F(e)-.1 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 -SF(1)412.24 122.2 Q F1 3.37<9a69>415.74 126.2 S 3.37(nt)426.33 126.2 S(he) -437.48 126.2 Q F0(sendmail/sr)3.37 E(c)-.18 E F1(directory)117 138.2 Q 5(.Y) --.65 G(ou may be able to install using)166.07 138.2 Q(mak)157 154.4 Q 2.5(ei) --.1 G(nstall)183.84 154.4 Q 3.346 -(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne) -117 170.6 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.345(liases and).1 F 1.576 -(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 182.6 R 1.577 -(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.576 F(pages.)117 194.6 -Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 218.6 R(Files)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(Sendmail)127 234.8 Q F1 .355(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.) -2.855 F .355(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail sys-)5.355 F .286 -(tems understood at this site, ho)102 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(oa)239.854 -246.8 S .286(ccess them, ho)252.08 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(of)323.788 -246.8 S(orw)334.904 246.8 Q .286(ard email to remote mail systems, and)-.1 F -3.114(an)102 258.8 S .614(umber of tuning parameters.)114.554 258.8 R .614 -(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later portion of this docu-) -5.614 F(ment.)102 270.8 Q(The)127 287 Q F3(sendmail)2.764 E F1 .264 -(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)5.264 F .264 -(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .109 -(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 299 R .109(The distrib)5.109 F .108 -(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 F -(of the comple)102 311 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47 -(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 327.2 R .47 -(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)-.1 F -1.449(simpler; in particular)102 339.2 R 3.949(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)197.607 339.2 S -1.449(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.448(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F -1.448(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 351.2 Q -(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \ -\214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressi\ -ng; that)127 367.4 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the) -102 379.4 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)299.438 -379.4 R .36(The con\214guration \214les)5.36 F(can be customized to w)102 391.4 -Q(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E 2.828(Ih)127 -407.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)138.158 407.6 T(n').2 E 2.828(tt)-.18 G .328 -(ested these yet on an isolated LAN en)168.226 407.6 R .328 -(vironment with a single UUCP connection to)-.4 F 4.409(the outside w)102 419.6 -R 6.909(orld. If)-.1 F 4.409(you are in such an en)6.909 F 4.408 -(vironment, please send comments to send-)-.4 F(mail@ok)102 431.6 Q(eef)-.1 E -(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E .657 -(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 447.8 R F3(m4)3.158 E F1 .658 -(to f)3.158 F .658(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F3(cf) -3.158 E F1 .397(of the sendmail distrib)102 459.8 R .396 -(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396 -(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .396(ral sub-).15 F -(directories:)102 471.8 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 488 R .56 -(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56 -(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 500 R -.25 -(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.445(ys or more general).1 F 3.589(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 \ -as a general description of an SMTP-)174 512 R .536(connected host or \231uucp\ -proto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)174 524 R 3.291 -(host\). Files)174 536 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791 -(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74 -F 2.14(output is in the corresponding)174 548 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64 -(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F -(described belo)174 560 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 576.2 R -.428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F .428 -(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 588.2 R .292 -(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)313.122 -588.2 Q F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .442 -(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 600.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443 -(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .443(ant their indi)-.1 F .443(vidual host-)-.25 F -.963(name to be e)174 612.2 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0 -(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .962(xcept that the) --.15 F 2.627(hostname is hidden \(e)174 624.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628 -(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)362.036 624.2 S 2.628 -(omes from CS.Berk)374.384 624.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E -(These are referenced using the)174 636.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E -F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74 -(feature De\214nitions)102 652.4 R .728 -(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)3.229 F -(ant.)-.1 E 2.466(These are referenced using the)174 664.4 R F4(FEA)4.966 E -(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15(ex)4.967 G 2.467 -(ample feature is).15 F 1.316(use_cw_\214le \(which tells sendmail to read an \ -/etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)174 676.4 R .32 LW 76 686 72 686 DL 80 -686 76 686 DL 84 686 80 686 DL 88 686 84 686 DL 92 686 88 686 DL 96 686 92 686 -DL 100 686 96 686 DL 104 686 100 686 DL 108 686 104 686 DL 112 686 108 686 DL -116 686 112 686 DL 120 686 116 686 DL 124 686 120 686 DL 128 686 124 686 DL 132 -686 128 686 DL 136 686 132 686 DL 140 686 136 686 DL 144 686 140 686 DL 148 686 -144 686 DL 152 686 148 686 DL 156 686 152 686 DL 160 686 156 686 DL 164 686 160 -686 DL 168 686 164 686 DL 172 686 168 686 DL 176 686 172 686 DL 180 686 176 686 -DL 184 686 180 686 DL 188 686 184 686 DL 192 686 188 686 DL 196 686 192 686 DL -200 686 196 686 DL 204 686 200 686 DL 208 686 204 686 DL 212 686 208 686 DL 216 -686 212 686 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 696.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(where you may ha)3.2 I .24 -.12(ve t)-.16 H 2(or).12 G(eplace \231mak)175.132 -699.6 Q(e\232 with \231mak)-.08 E 2<65ad>-.08 G 2(fM)267.452 699.6 S(ak)279.228 -699.6 Q(e\214le.dist\232 as appropriate.)-.08 E EP -%%Page: 7 4 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-7)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\214nd the set of local names\).) -174 96 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 112.2 R 1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.386 F -/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)4.386 E F1 4.386(macro. T) -4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.886(id these.).2 F(The)6.887 E -(point of ha)174 124.2 Q(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G 2.5(tc) -325.91 124.2 S(lear that the)335.63 124.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)394.08 124.2 Q -56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 140.4 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1 -.038(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B .338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038 -(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F(ration \214les.)174 152.4 Q -(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E 43.95 -(mailer De\214nitions)102 168.6 R .917(of mailers, referenced using the)3.417 F -F2(MAILER)3.417 E F0(m4)3.417 E F1 3.418(macro. De\214ned)3.418 F(mailer)3.418 -E(types in this distrib)174 180.6 Q(ution are f)-.2 E -(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 196.8 -R 1.157(describing v)3.657 F 1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.156 -(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 208.8 Q -(These are referenced using the)5 E F2(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro.)2.5 E -60.61(sh Shell)102 225 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G(houldn')362.97 225 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G --2.25 -.2(av e)404.18 225 T(to mess with these.)2.7 E 30.61(sitecon\214g Local) -102 241.2 R .49(site con\214guration information, such as UUCP connecti)2.99 F -(vity)-.25 E 5.49(.T)-.65 G(he)450.61 241.2 Q 2.99(yn)-.15 G(ormally)472.89 -241.2 Q(contain lists of site information, for e)174 253.2 Q(xample:)-.15 E -(SITE\(contessa\))214 269.4 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 281.4 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214 -293.4 Q(SITE\(well\))214 305.4 Q(The)174 321.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G -(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)201.34 321.6 Q -(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 337.8 Q(where)174 354 -Q F3(X)2.704 E F1 .204(is the macro/class name to use.)2.704 F .203 -(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F(hosts\) or one of W)174 366 -Q 2.5(,X)-.92 G 2.5(,o)259.73 366 S 2.5(rYf)269.73 366 S -(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)288.61 366 Q .756(If you are in a ne)127 -382.2 R 3.256(wd)-.25 G .756(omain \(e.g., a compan)214.036 382.2 R .757 -(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .757(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .871 -(\214le for your domain.)102 394.2 R .871 -(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 F .87 -(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.37(sd)-.55 G(omain)479 394.2 Q .16 -(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 406.2 R 2.66(,C)-.74 G(SNET) -257.61 406.2 Q 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)291.47 406.2 R 5.16(.O)-1.11 G 2.66 -(ft)344.57 406.2 S .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)353.34 406.2 R .46 -(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 418.2 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H .46 -(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46(Please check to mak) -5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)493.1 418.2 Q(-)-.2 E(tain the)102 430.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 -G(re reasonable for your domain.)143.51 430.2 Q 1.406(Subdomains at Berk)127 -446.4 R(ele)-.1 E 3.906(ya)-.15 G 1.407 -(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)235.678 446.4 R 6.407(.F)-.65 G -1.407(or e)439.406 446.4 R 1.407(xample, the)-.15 F 1.491(domain cs-e)102 458.4 -R 1.491(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho) --.15 F 1.49(wn to other)-.25 F 1.41(users; cs-hidden mak)102 470.4 R 1.411 -(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.411 -(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.084(host information included\).)102 -482.4 R -1.1(Yo)6.084 G 3.584(uw)1.1 G 1.084(ill probably ha)246.336 482.4 R -1.384 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G 1.083 -(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)335.872 482.4 R(your domain.)102 -494.4 Q -1.1(Yo)127 510.6 S 4.372(uw)1.1 G 1.872(ill ha)154.712 510.6 R 2.172 --.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.372(ou).15 G 1.872(se or create)207.478 510.6 R F0(.mc)4.372 -E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F3(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.873 -(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.373 F 1.873(This is)6.873 F -(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 522.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87 546.6 R -(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1(This subsection describes the \214les that com\ -prise the sendmail installation.)127 562.8 Q F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail) -102 586.8 R F1 .079(The binary for sendmail is located in /usr/sbin)142 605 R -/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)326.703 601 Q F1 5.079(.I)330.203 605 S 2.579(ts) -341.112 605 S .08(hould be setuid root.)350.361 605 R -.15(Fo)5.08 G 2.58(rs) -.15 G .08(ecurity rea-)458.11 605 R(sons, /, /usr)117 619 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G -(nd /usr/sbin should be o)171.6 619 Q(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(3)364.4 -615 Q F1(.)367.9 619 Q .32 LW 76 646 72 646 DL 80 646 76 646 DL 84 646 80 646 -DL 88 646 84 646 DL 92 646 88 646 DL 96 646 92 646 DL 100 646 96 646 DL 104 646 -100 646 DL 108 646 104 646 DL 112 646 108 646 DL 116 646 112 646 DL 120 646 116 -646 DL 124 646 120 646 DL 128 646 124 646 DL 132 646 128 646 DL 136 646 132 646 -DL 140 646 136 646 DL 144 646 140 646 DL 148 646 144 646 DL 152 646 148 646 DL -156 646 152 646 DL 160 646 156 646 DL 164 646 160 646 DL 168 646 164 646 DL 172 -646 168 646 DL 176 646 172 646 DL 180 646 176 646 DL 184 646 180 646 DL 188 646 -184 646 DL 192 646 188 646 DL 196 646 192 646 DL 200 646 196 646 DL 204 646 200 -646 DL 208 646 204 646 DL 212 646 208 646 DL 216 646 212 646 DL/F5 5 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)93.6 656.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .385 -(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .385(wer systems; man)-.2 F -2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)302.966 659.6 R 4.384(.I) --.32 G .384(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)398.744 659.6 R -(System V Release 4.)72 669.2 Q F5(3)93.6 679.6 Q F6 .15(Some v)3.2 J .15 -(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15 -(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)-.2 -F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .149(ther important di-) -447.262 682.8 R(rectories that should ha)72 692.4 Q .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H -(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/b\ -in, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib)-.08 E(.)-.32 E EP -%%Page: 8 5 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-8 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 96 R/F1 -10/Times-Roman@0 SF .78(This is the con\214guration \214le for sendmail.)142 -112.2 R .781(This and the frozen con\214guration \214le are the)5.781 F 2.178 -(only tw)117 126.2 R 4.678(on)-.1 G 2.178 -(on-library \214le names compiled into sendmail)164.036 126.2 R/F2 7 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)354.636 122.2 Q F1 7.179(.S)358.136 126.2 S 2.179 -(ome older systems install it in)373.375 126.2 R F0(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)117 -138.2 Q F1(.)A(If you w)142 154.4 Q(ant to mo)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H -(his \214le, change).15 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sr)2.5 E(c/pathnames.h)-.37 E -F1(.)A .721(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib) -142 170.6 R .721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.72(.I).15 G -(f)500.67 170.6 Q .64(you ha)117 182.6 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64 -(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v) -.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E -(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)117 -194.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/ucb/newaliases)102 218.6 R F1 1.59 -(If you are running deli)142 234.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.589 -(rmail, it is critical that the).15 F F3(ne)4.089 E(waliases)-.15 E F1 1.589 -(command be replaced.)4.089 F(This can just be a link to)117 246.8 Q F3 -(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/ucb/ne)157 263 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E -(ln /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/ucb/ne)157 275 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E -(This can be installed in whate)117 291.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G -(earch path you prefer for your system.)254.91 291.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102 -315.2 R(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .217(The directory)142 331.4 R F3 -(/var/spool/mqueue)2.717 E F1 .218(should be created to hold the mail queue.) -2.717 F .218(This directory)5.218 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 343.4 Q -(wned by root.)-.25 E(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142 -359.6 Q F0(Q)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E -F0 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 383.6 R F1 1.493 -(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 399.8 R 3.992(As) -6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)350.01 399.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.992(ni).15 G 3.992 -<6e99>417.696 399.8 S 1.492(lib/aliases\232 which)431.128 399.8 R -(includes some aliases which)117 411.8 Q F3(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)2.5 E -(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 428 Q F3(edit /etc/aliases)157 440 Q F1 -1.1 -(Yo)117 456.2 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)139.51 456.2 Q(xtend this \214le with an) --.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(liases that are apropos to your system.)267.54 456.2 Q -(Normally)142 472.4 Q F3(sendmail)3.609 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.609 F 1.109 -(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F3(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.11 -(\(3\) or)1.666 F F3(db)3.61 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 484.4 -R .96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\ -\232 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)3.46 F 1.022 -(depending on which database package you are using.)117 496.4 R 1.022 -(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F(\214les, b)117 508.4 Q(ut the) --.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)180.54 508.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5 -(ei)227.69 508.4 S(nitialized promptly)237.41 508.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G -(hese should be mode 644:)326.76 508.4 Q(cp /de)157 524.6 Q -(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 536.6 Q(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25 -E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 548.6 Q(ne)157 560.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E -(The)117 576.8 Q F3(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F -2.79(,s)-.65 G 2.79(ot)301.68 576.8 S .29(his step can be skipped.)312.25 576.8 -R .29(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 588.8 Q F0 -(A)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(1.3.6. /etc/sendmail.fc)102 612.8 R F1 .609 -(If you intend to install the frozen v)142 629 R .61 -(ersion of the con\214guration \214le \(for quick startup\) you)-.15 F -(should create the \214le /etc/sendmail.fc and initialize it.)117 641 Q -(This step may be safely skipped.)5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 -669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 -669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 -669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL -124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 -132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 -DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 -669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 -669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL -192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 -200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 -DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .589 -(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J 2.589 -(,s)-.32 G .588 -(ystem library subroutines that sendmail calls probably reference)294.809 682.8 -R/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(/etc/passwd)72 692.4 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv) --.296 E(.conf)-.592 E F5(.)A EP -%%Page: 9 6 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-9)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(cp /de)157 96 Q -(v/null /etc/sendmail.fc)-.25 E(chmod 644 /etc/sendmail.fc)157 108 Q -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bz)157 120 Q 1.028 -(In general, freeze \214les are not w)117 136.2 R 1.027 -(orth doing unless your disks are much f)-.1 F 1.027(aster than your CPU;)-.1 F -(this is seldom true an)117 148.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ore.)217.13 148.2 Q 1.32 -(If your)142 164.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.82 E F1 -.1(wa)3.821 G -3.821(sn).1 G 1.321(ot compiled with)238.832 164.4 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(FR) -3.821 E(OZENCONFIG)-.36 E F1 1.321(de\214ned, the)3.821 F F0(\255bz)3.821 E F1 -1.321(\215ag will be)3.821 F(ignored.)117 176.4 Q F0 2.5(1.3.7. /etc/r)102 -200.4 R(c)-.18 E F1 .155(It will be necessary to start up the sendmail daemon \ -when your system reboots.)142 216.6 R .155(This dae-)5.155 F 1.537 -(mon performs tw)117 228.6 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537 -(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)201.221 228.6 R 1.537 -(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.838 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E .442(fro\ -m a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mai\ -l gets deli)117 240.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 252.6 -Q .505(Add the follo)142 268.8 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/\ -etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)-.25 F -(is starting up the daemons:)117 280.8 Q -(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 297 Q -(\(cd /v)193 309 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 321 Q(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193 -333 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 345 Q .174 -(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)117 -361.2 R .473 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .173(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .173(d; e).15 F -.173(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .004 -(may be left around if the system goes do)117 373.2 R .005 -(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .005(The line that)5.005 F -2.294(actually in)117 385.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E F2(sendmail)4.794 -E F1 2.294(has tw)4.794 F 4.794<6f8d>-.1 G 2.293 -(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)272.94 385.2 R -(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 397.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .378(Some people use a more comple)142 413.4 R -2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)285.209 413.4 R .379 -(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F -(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 425.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:) -253.9 425.4 Q EP -%%Page: 10 7 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)157 96 S -(emo)167.83 96 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)157 108 -Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)157 120 Q(if [ \255r $qf)193 132 Q(\214le ])-.25 E -(then)193 144 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)229 156 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)229 168 Q -(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)265 180 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E -(rm \255f $qf)265 192 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>229 204 Q<8c>193 216 Q(done)157 228 Q -2.5(#r)157 240 S(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)167.83 240 Q -(xist)-.15 E(for tf)157 252 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)157 264 Q(qf)193 276 Q -(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $tf) -193 288 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 300 Q -(echo \255n " <reco)229 312 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf).15 E(\214le>" > /de) --.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)229 324 Q(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else) -193 336 Q(echo \255n " <e)229 348 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E -(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)229 360 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>193 372 Q(done)157 -384 Q 2.5(#r)157 396 S(emo)167.83 396 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ogus qf \214les).15 -E(for df)157 408 Q(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)157 420 Q(qf)193 432 Q -(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df) -193 444 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 456 Q -(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)229 468 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E -(rm \255f $df)229 480 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>193 492 Q(done)157 504 Q<8c>157 516 Q -.756(If you are not running a v)142 536.4 R .755 -(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.255(yT)-.15 G(CP/IP) -416.725 536.4 Q 3.255(,d)-1.11 G 3.255(on)450.27 536.4 S .755(ot include) -463.525 536.4 R(the)117 548.4 Q F0(\255bd)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(1.3.8. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 572.4 R F1 2.078 -(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 588.6 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 4.578 -(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F -(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 600.6 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 616.8 Q -(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 633 Q F0(H)2.5 E F1 -(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E -F0 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/sendmail.st)102 657 R F1 3.04 -(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 673.2 R 3.04 -(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)117 685.2 -Q(cp /de)157 701.4 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st) -157 713.4 Q EP -%%Page: 11 8 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-11)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .715(This \214le does not gro)117 -96 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)231.502 96 S .716 -(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)243.608 96 R 5.716<9a54>-.7 -G .716(he actual path)447.028 96 R(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 108 Q -F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 -(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.10. /usr/ucb/newaliases)102 132 R F1(If)142 148.2 Q -F2(sendmail)3.256 E F1 .756(is in)3.256 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.256(da).1 -G 3.256<7399>240.424 148.2 S(ne)252.01 148.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases,).1 E 3.255 -<9a69>-.7 G 3.255(tw)307.255 148.2 S .755(ill simulate the)320.51 148.2 R F0 -(\255bi)3.255 E F1 .755(\215ag \(i.e., will reb)3.255 F .755(uild the)-.2 F -(alias database; see belo)117 160.2 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F -(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.11. /usr/ucb/mailq) -102 184.2 R F1(If)142 200.4 Q F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 .939(is in)3.439 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.439(da).1 G 3.439<7399>241.156 200.4 S(mailq,)252.925 200.4 -Q 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)288.164 200.4 S .939(ill simulate the)301.603 200.4 -R F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .94(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.44 F F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94 -(will print)3.44 F(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 212.4 Q 2.5 -(w\). This)-.25 F(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(2. NORMAL)72 236.4 R(OPERA)2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. `)87 260.4 R(`Quick') --.63 E 2.5('C)-.63 G(on\214guration Startup)154.9 260.4 Q F1 .523(if the)127 -276.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(FR)3.023 E(OZENCONFIG)-.36 E F1 .523 -(option is included during compilation, a precompiled \(`)3.023 F(`frozen')-.74 -E .522('\) v)-.74 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .068 -(sion of the con\214guration \214le can be created using the)102 288.6 R F0 -(\255bz)2.568 E F1 2.568(\215ag. This)2.568 F .069(is really only w)2.568 F -.069(orthwhile doing)-.1 F .432(if you are on a slo)102 300.6 R 2.932(wp)-.25 G -.432(rocessor with a relati)190.994 300.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .432(ly f).15 F .432 -(ast I/O system \(a V)-.1 F .432(AX 11/750 is a good e)-1.35 F(xample\).)-.15 E -.131(Since it creates other problems, I recommend ag)102 312.6 R .132 -(ainst using the frozen con\214guration on most current)-.05 F(architectures.) -102 324.6 Q 1.6 -.8(To c)127 340.8 T(reate the freeze \214le, use).8 E -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bz)142 357 Q .762 -(This creates the frozen con\214guration \214le)102 373.2 R F2 -(/etc/sendmail.fc)3.262 E F1 5.761(.T)C .761(his \214le is an image of)348.403 -373.2 R F2(sendmail)3.261 E F1 1.861 -.55('s d)D(ata).55 E .692 -(space after reading in the con\214guration \214le.)102 385.2 R .693 -(If this \214le e)5.692 F .693(xists, it is used instead of)-.15 F F2 -(/etc/sendmail.cf)3.193 E(sendmail.fc)102 397.2 Q F1(must be reb)2.5 E -(uilt manually e)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry time).15 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 -(is changed.)2.5 E .953(The frozen con\214guration \214le will be ignored if a) -127 413.4 R F0<ad43>3.452 E F1 .952 -(\215ag is speci\214ed or if sendmail detects)3.452 F(that it is out of date.) -102 425.4 Q(Ho)5 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .8 -.4(r, t).15 H -(he heuristics are not strong so this should not be trusted.).4 E F0 2.5 -(2.2. The)87 449.4 R(System Log)2.5 E F1(The system log is supported by the)127 -465.6 Q F2(syslo)2.5 E(gd)-.1 E F1(\(8\) program.)1.666 E F0 2.5(2.2.1. F)102 -489.6 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each line in the system log consists of a timesta\ -mp, the name of the machine that gener)142 505.8 R(-)-.2 E .849 -(ated it \(for logging from se)117 517.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .849(ral machines o) -.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848(he local area netw)316.942 517.8 R -.848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message.)117 -529.8 Q F0 2.5(2.2.2. Le)102 553.8 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .204(If you ha) -142 570 R -.15(ve)-.2 G F2(syslo)2.854 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .204(\(8\) or an equi) -1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 -F .205(There is)5.205 F 2.788(al)117 582 S(ar)127.008 582 Q .287 -(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287 -(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E .65 -(At the lo)117 594 R .65(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(lo).15 G .65(nly e) -201.72 594 R .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F .651 -(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .651(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151 -(nt).15 G(he)494.56 594 Q .826(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 606 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.825(.A)-.65 G 3.325(sac) -400.27 606 S(on)419.69 606 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .825(ntion, log le).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(ls).15 E .2(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le) -117 618 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G -.201(re reserv)381.566 618 R .201(ed for deb)-.15 F .201(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 -E 2.5(poses. Le)117 630 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E -(ed for v)-.15 E(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E -2.5(Ac)142 646.2 S(omplete description of the log le)156.16 646.2 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)340.35 646.2 S -(ection 4.6.)351.74 646.2 Q F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 670.2 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 .263 -(The mail queue should be processed transparently)127 686.4 R 5.262(.H)-.65 G --.25(ow)342.868 686.4 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.062 -.4(r, y).25 H .262 -(ou may \214nd that manual inter).4 F(-)-.2 E -.15(ve)102 698.4 S .081 -(ntion is sometimes necessary).15 F 5.081(.F)-.65 G .081(or e)240.254 698.4 R -.081(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .081 -(wn for a period of time the queue)-.25 F .268(may become clogged.)102 710.4 R -.268(Although sendmail ought to reco)5.268 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.768(rg).15 G .268 -(racefully when the host comes up, you)348.254 710.4 R -(may \214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.)102 722.4 Q EP -%%Page: 12 9 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 96 R(the queue) -2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .526 -(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 112.2 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F -F0(\255bp)117 124.2 Q F1(\215ag to sendmail\):)2.5 E(mailq)157 140.4 Q 1.673 -(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 156.6 R 1.673 -(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F -(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 168.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.2. F) -102 192.6 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142 208.8 Q F1 1.137 -(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F 3.638(als. The)-.25 F -1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355 -(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 220.8 R -5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)384.37 220.8 R F2 -(sendmail)117 232.8 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E 2.5 -(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338 -(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 249 R .338 -(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)440.282 249 R .095 -(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 261 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G(ore)272.07 261 -Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)302.585 261 S .094(rocess \(ho)315.18 -261 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)2.994 E F1 .094 -(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086 -(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically) -117 273 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)435.146 273 R .462(821, b)117 -285 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461 -(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F 1.086 -(freeze the entire queue.)117 297 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.886 --.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)279.346 297 Q 1.386 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)117 309 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.351(rr).15 G .851(eturns can accumulate man)145.491 309 R 3.351(yp)-.15 G -.851(rocesses in your system.)269.825 309 R(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65 -G .85(here is no com-)439.52 309 R(pletely general w)117 321 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E -2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)234.23 321 Q .082 -(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 337.2 R .083 -(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 349.2 S(rohibiti) -129.365 349.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18 F .424 -(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424 -(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)117 -361.2 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.085 -(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023(creating a ne)117 373.2 R -2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)182.629 373.2 R .022 -(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022 -(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 389.4 T 2.5(ot).8 G -(his, it is acceptable to mo)170.09 389.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H -(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 405.6 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E -(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 417.6 Q -1.1(Yo)117 -433.8 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)139.718 433.8 R .209 -(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-) --.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 445.8 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)213.1 445.8 Q -1.6 -.8(To r)142 462 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E(wing command:) --.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 478.2 Q(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E -(The)117 494.4 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367 -(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0<ad71>2.867 -E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry job in).15 F -.593(the queue.)117 506.4 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F .893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H -(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)263.111 506.4 T .593(rd v).25 F --.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594 -(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F(going on.)117 518.4 Q -(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 534.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t) --.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 550.8 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5 -(2.4. The)87 579 R(Alias Database)2.5 E F1 .361(The alias database e)127 595.2 -R .361(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.861(of)-.1 G 2.861(orms. One)261.116 595.2 R .361 -(is a te)2.861 F .36(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F2(/etc/aliases.) -2.86 E F1(The aliases are of the form)102 607.2 Q(name: name1, name2, ...)142 -623.4 Q(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 639.6 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142 -655.8 Q(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E .348 -(will not ha)102 672 R .648 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .348(he desired ef).15 F 2.849 -(fect. Aliases)-.25 F .349(may be continued by starting an)2.849 F 2.849(yc) --.15 G .349(ontinuation lines with a)408.783 672 R(space or a tab)102 684 Q 5 -(.B)-.4 G(lank lines and lines be)170.47 684 Q -(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E 1.593 -(The second form is processed by the)127 700.2 R F2(dbm)4.093 E F1 1.593 -(\(3\) \(or)1.666 F F2(db)4.093 E F1 1.593(\(3\)\) library)1.666 F 6.593(.T) --.65 G 1.593(his form is in the \214les)409.085 700.2 R F2(/etc/aliases.dir)102 -712.2 Q F1(and)3.028 E F2(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028 E -.15(g.)-.1 G F1 .528 -(This is the form that)5.678 F F2(sendmail)3.029 E F1 .529 -(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F 3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)479.28 712.2 Q -(This technique is used to impro)102 724.2 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.) -.15 E EP -%%Page: 13 10 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-13)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)127 96 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G -(an also use)150.06 96 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F1 -(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the speci\214cation:) -305.069 96 Q -.35(OA)142 112.2 S(/etc/aliases).35 E -.35(OA)142 124.2 S -(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E(will \214rst search the /etc/ali\ -ases \214le and then the map named \231mail.aliases\232 in \231my)102 140.4 Q -(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 -156.6 Q(xactly lik)-.15 E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F1(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:) --.15 E -.35(OA)142 172.8 S(nis:-N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E -(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 189 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G -(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E F0 2.5(2.4.1. Reb) -102 213 R(uilding the alias database)-.2 E F1 .542(The DB or DBM v)142 229.2 R -.542(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F .542 -(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117 241.2 -Q(ne)157 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 273.6 Q -.25(va) --.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1 -(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 289.8 -Q .259(If the \231D\232 option is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)142 310.2 -R F3(sendmail)2.759 E F1 .26(will reb)2.759 F .26(uild the alias database)-.2 F -1.921(automatically if possible when it is out of date.)117 322.2 R(Auto-reb) -6.921 E 1.92(uild can be dangerous on hea)-.2 F(vily)-.2 E 1.45 -(loaded machines with lar)117 334.2 R 1.45(ge alias \214les; if it might tak) --.18 F 3.951(em)-.1 G 1.451(ore than \214v)355.654 334.2 R 3.951(em)-.15 G -1.451(inutes to reb)420.127 334.2 R 1.451(uild the)-.2 F -(database, there is a chance that se)117 346.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 E(.) --.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 362.4 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77 -(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 1.77 -(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F -(types it understands \(for e)117 374.4 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E -(uild dbm databases b)-.2 E(ut not nis databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5(2.4.2. P)102 -398.4 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131 -(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)142 -414.6 R(The)6.131 E 3.631(ya)-.15 G 1.131(ll result)472.589 414.6 R 1.104 -(from a)117 426.6 R F3(sendmail)3.604 E F1 1.104(process accessing the DBM v) -3.604 F 1.103(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.603(uilt. This)-.2 F -(can)3.603 E 1.248(happen under tw)117 438.6 R 3.748(oc)-.1 G 1.248 -(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is) -199.234 438.6 R(reb)117 450.6 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518 -(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2 F -(before completing the reb)117 462.6 Q(uild.)-.2 E .792(Sendmail has tw)142 -478.8 R 3.292(ot)-.1 G .792(echniques to try to relie)220.666 478.8 R 1.092 --.15(ve t)-.25 H .792(hese problems.).15 F .793(First, it ignores interrupts) -5.793 F .045(while reb)117 490.8 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2 -(vo)-.2 G .045(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045 -(ving a)-.2 F(partially reb)117 502.8 Q(uilt database.)-.2 E -(Second, at the end of the reb)5 E(uild it adds an alias of the form)-.2 E -(@: @)157 519 Q .336(\(which is not normally le)117 535.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G -2.836(l\). Before).05 F .336 -(sendmail will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F -(this entry e)117 549.2 Q(xists)-.15 E/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)179.63 545.2 Q -F1(.)183.13 549.2 Q F0 2.5(2.4.3. List)102 573.2 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .4 -(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 589.4 R F3(x) -A F1<9a2c>A F3(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)2.901 F .418 -(of the form \231o)117 601.4 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F3(x)A F1 2.918<9a74>C 2.918 -(or)212.632 601.4 S(ecei)223.88 601.4 Q .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418(he errors.) -.15 F .417(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.116 -(submitter of the list has no control o)117 613.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617(rt).15 -G 1.117(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)288.4 613.4 R -(maintainer w)117 625.4 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E -.15(Fo) -5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)309.38 625.4 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 -669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 -669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 -669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL -124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 -132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 -DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 -669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 -669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL -192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 -200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 -DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6 679.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .389(The \231a\ -\232 option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)3.2 J -4.389(.T)-.44 G .389(his should normally be speci\214ed unless you are run-) -334.24 682.8 R(ning)72 692.4 Q/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(delivermail)2 E F6 -(in parallel with)2 E F7(sendmail.)2 E EP -%%Page: 14 11 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 96 Q(,)-.4 E -(sam@matisse)193 108 Q -.25(ow)157 120 S(ner).25 E(-unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa) --.2 E -.1(wo)117 136.2 S 1.959(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the error\ - that will occur when someone sends to unix-).1 F -(wizards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 148.2 Q -.958(List o)142 164.4 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .959 -(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959(The contents of the)5.959 F --.25(ow)117 176.4 S .429(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429 -(oint to a single user)236.364 176.4 R 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428 -(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)326.436 176.4 R -.15(Fo)117 -188.4 S 2.5(rt).15 G(his reason, and to obe)136.02 188.4 Q 2.5(yI)-.15 G -(nternet con)233.63 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(ntions, a typical scheme w).15 E -(ould be:)-.1 E 18.49(list: some,)157 204.6 R(set, of, addresses)2.5 E 22.28 -(list-request: list-admin-1,)157 216.6 R(list-admin-2, ...)2.5 E -.25(ow)157 -228.6 S(ner).25 E 26.62(-list: list-request)-.2 F F0 2.5(2.5. User)87 256.8 R -(Inf)2.5 E(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 273 R 1.359 -.15 -(ve a ve)-.2 H 1.059(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.559 E F1 -1.06(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102 285 -Q 2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F -F0(U)4.406 E F1 1.905(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2 -(user)102 297 Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)191.34 297 S -(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)200.5 297 Q 1.288 -(If the \214rst tok)127 313.2 R 1.288(en passed to user part of the \231local\ -\232 mailer is an at sign, the at sign will be)-.1 F(stripped of)102 325.2 Q -2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd this step will be skipped.)155.07 325.2 Q F0 2.5(2.6. P)87 -349.2 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E(orward Files\))-.25 E F1 -.121(As an alternati)127 365.4 R .421 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.621(ot).15 G .121 -(he alias database, an)210.404 365.4 R 2.621(yu)-.15 G .12 -(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)304.878 365.4 R .12 -(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 377.4 R 5.205(.I)-.65 G -2.705(ft)199.92 377.4 S .205(his \214le e)208.735 377.4 R(xists,)-.15 E F2 -(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205 -(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .909 -(listed in the .forw)102 389.4 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G 3.408 -(re).15 G .908 -(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)233.98 -389.4 R(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 401.4 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 417.6 Q -(kirk@calder)142 429.6 Q(then an)102 445.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ail arri)146.29 -445.8 Q -(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)-.25 -E(Actually)127 462 Q 3.374(,t)-.65 G .874 -(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.) -169.444 462 R .875(By def)5.875 F .875(ault, this is)-.1 F .688(the user')102 -474 R 3.188(s.)-.55 G(forw)146.426 474 Q .688(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687 -(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E F1 3.187 -(option. If)3.187 F .687(you change)3.187 F .393(this, you will ha)102 486 R -.693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393 -(nform your user base of the change; .forw)193.064 486 R .393 -(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 498 Q .3 -.15 -(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.7. Special)87 522 R(Header Lines)2.5 E -F1(Se)127 538.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.898(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15 -(ve s)-.2 H 1.897 -(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F(Others) -6.897 E(ha)102 550.2 Q 1.205 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .905(nterpretations b).15 F .905 -(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.405 E F1 .906 -(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.405 F(These)5.906 E -.2 -(bu)102 562.2 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.7.1. Retur)102 586.2 R -(n-Receipt-T)-.15 E(o:)-.92 E F1 1.371 -(If this header is sent, a message will be sent to an)142 602.4 R 3.87(ys)-.15 -G 1.37(peci\214ed addresses when the \214nal)366.88 602.4 R(deli)117 614.4 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry is complete, that is, when successfully deli).15 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .368(red to a mailer with the).15 F F0(l)2.868 E F1 .368 -(\215ag \(local deli)2.868 F(v-)-.25 E(ery\) set in the mailer descriptor)117 -626.4 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(2.7.2. Err)102 650.4 R(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22 -(If errors occur an)142 666.6 R .22 -(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)-.15 -F(the listed addresses.)117 678.6 Q(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E -.384(The Errors-T)142 694.8 R .384(o: header w)-.8 F .384 -(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.885(tu)-.18 G .385 -(nderstand the)450.015 694.8 R .89(distinction between an en)117 706.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .89(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .889 -(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.389(wb)-.25 G(e)499.56 706.8 Q(passed as the en) -117 718.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E(It should go a)5 E -.1(wa) --.15 G 3.8 -.65(y. I).1 H 2.5(ti).65 G 2.5(so)365.22 718.8 S(nly used if the) -376.61 718.8 Q F0(l)2.5 E F1(option is set.)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 15 12 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-15)452.9 60 Q 2.5(2.7.3. A)102 96 R(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 -E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .22 -(If a message comes in with no recipients listed in the message \(in a T)142 -112.2 R .22(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\))-.8 F(then)117 124.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(sendmail)2.79 E F1 .29(will add an \231)2.79 F(Apparently-T)-.8 E .289 -(o:\232 header line for an)-.8 F 2.789(yr)-.15 G .289(ecipients it is a)378.086 -124.2 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .289(re of.).1 F .289(This is)5.289 F -(not put in as a standard recipient line to w)117 136.2 Q(arn an)-.1 E 2.5(yr) --.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)319.77 136.2 Q -(At least one recipient line is required under RFC 822.)142 152.4 Q F0 2.5 -(2.8. IDENT)87 176.4 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)127 192.6 Q -F1 1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)4.335 F 1.835 -(Although this enhances)6.835 F .29 -(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 204.6 R -.289(`call back')-.74 F 2.789('t)-.74 G 2.789(ot)396.174 204.6 S .289 -(he originating system to)406.743 204.6 R .468(include the o)102 216.6 R .469(\ -wner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfe\ -ct; a deter)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.294(mined for)102 228.6 R 1.294 -(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F 1.294 -(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.293(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413: 6.)102 240.6 -Q(Security Considerations)5 E .005 -(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 256.8 R -(orth)-.1 E 2.506(ya)-.05 G 2.506(st)400.5 256.8 S .006(he host pro)409.676 -256.8 R .006(viding it OR)-.15 F .274(the or)127 268.8 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .274 -(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.274 G 2.774(re).15 G .273 -(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)295.314 268.8 R 2.773(wi)-.25 G 2.773(fa) -448.614 268.8 S .573 -.15(ny c)459.157 268.8 T(ontrols).15 E .986(on it to pre) -127 280.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986 -(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .987 -(denti\214er the user w)378.052 280.8 R 3.487(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(w\ -ise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be complete\ -ly erro-)127 292.8 R(neous and misleading.)127 304.8 Q .521(The Identi\214cati\ -on Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)127 -321 R(At)5.521 E 1.037(best, it pro)127 333 R 1.037 -(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.) --.15 F(At)6.036 E -.1(wo)127 345 S(rst, it can pro).1 E -(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 E 1.006 -(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing \ -is strongly dis-)127 361.2 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 373.2 R 2.697 -(,u)-.65 G .197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)228.114 373.2 -R 2.697(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)429.186 373.2 R .514(sions - either \ -as the primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other meth\ -ods)127 385.2 R(may result in a weak)127 397.2 Q(ening of normal host security) --.1 E(.)-.65 E 1.779(An Identi\214cation serv)127 413.4 R 1.778(er may re)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.778 -(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15 F .336 -(which might normally be considered pri)127 425.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836 -(te. An).25 F .337(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .337(er pro)-.15 F .337 -(vides service which)-.15 F .806 -(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 437.4 R .806 -(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 437.4 Q -1.397(the same pri)127 449.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.697 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.397 -(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398 -(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.546 -(Identi\214cation. If)127 461.4 R 1.046(you w)3.546 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.546(tr) --.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)260.334 461.4 R 1.045(er due to pri)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G 1.345 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.045(onsiderations you may).15 F(not w) -127 473.4 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E F0 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 497.4 R F1 -.017(The complete list of ar)112 513.6 R .017(guments to)-.18 F F2(sendmail) -2.517 E F1 .017(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018 -(Some important)5.018 F(ar)87 525.6 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5 -(3.1. Queue)87 549.6 R(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .455(The amount of t\ -ime between forking a process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)127 -565.8 R F0<ad71>2.955 E F1 2.705(\215ag. If)102 577.8 R .206(you run in mode) -2.705 F F0(f)2.706 E F1(or)2.706 E F0(a)2.706 E F1 .206(this can be relati) -2.706 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206(ly lar).15 F .206(ge, since it will only be rele) --.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G .206(nt when a host).25 F .07(that w)102 589.8 R .07 -(as do)-.1 F .07(wn comes back up.)-.25 F .07(If you run in)5.07 F F0(q)2.57 E -F1 .07(mode it should be relati)2.57 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .07 -(ly short, since it de\214nes the).15 F -(maximum amount of time that a message may sit in the queue.)102 601.8 Q 1.335 -(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 618 R 1.336 -(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F(probably doesn')102 -630 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)179.59 630 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ense if you use `)199.76 630 Q -(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)329.08 630 Q F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87 -654 R(Mode)2.5 E F1 .085(If you allo)127 670.2 R 2.585(wi)-.25 G .085 -(ncoming mail o)181.165 670.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 G 2.585(nI)263.61 -670.2 S .085(PC connection, you should ha)274.525 670.2 R .384 -.15(ve a d)-.2 -H .084(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.084 E .069(should be set by your)102 682.2 R -F2(/etc/r)2.569 E(c)-.37 E F1 .069(\214le using the)2.569 F F0(\255bd)2.569 E -F1 2.57(\215ag. The)2.569 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F1 .07(\215ag and the)2.57 F F0 -<ad71>2.57 E F1 .07(\215ag may be combined)2.57 F(in one call:)102 694.2 Q -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 710.4 Q EP -%%Page: 16 13 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(3.3. F)87 96 R(or)-.25 E -(cing the Queue)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .04(In some cases you may \214nd\ - that the queue has gotten clogged for some reason.)127 112.2 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G -2.54(uc)1.1 G .04(an force)471.48 112.2 R 3.184(aq)102 124.2 S .684 -(ueue run using the)114.624 124.2 R F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(with no v) -3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)-.25 F .684(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0 -<ad76>3.185 E F1 .685(\215ag \(v)3.185 F .685(erbose\) when)-.15 F -(this is done to w)102 136.2 Q(atch what happens:)-.1 E -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 152.4 Q -1.1(Yo)127 172.8 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G -1.504(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er) -151.564 172.8 R 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)428.362 172.8 Q 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr) -461.676 172.8 S(ecipient)472.34 172.8 Q .686 -(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 184.8 R -.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G -.687(xample, \231\255qRberk)265.654 184.8 R(ele)-.1 E .687 -(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102 196.8 Q .526 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .226(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E .226(y\232 some)-.15 F .225 -(where in one of the recipient addresses.)-.25 F(Similarly)5.225 E 2.725<2c99> --.65 G .225(\255qSstring\232 lim-)441.185 196.8 R(its the run to particular se\ -nders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to particular identi\214ers.)102 208.8 -Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 232.8 R(ugging)-.2 E F1 1.365(There are a f)127 249 R -1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365(ge number of deb)-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F -1.365(uilt into)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.865 E F1 6.365(.E)C -1.365(ach deb)417.65 249 R 1.365(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116(number and a le) -102 261 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(l, where higher le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116 -(ls means to print out more information.).15 F 1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve) --.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .293(that le)102 273 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .293 -(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the) -274.014 273 R 2.794(yp)-.15 G .294(rint out so much information that you w) -313.612 273 R(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E .692(normally w)102 285 R .692 -(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692 -(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F(Deb)5.692 E .691 -(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 297 Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1 -(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 313.2 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E F0<ad64>200.13 -313.2 Q F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 325.2 Q 13.05(ug-list: deb)-.2 F -(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ])-.2 E(deb)142 337.2 Q -.28(ug-option: deb) --.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]).15 G(deb)142 -349.2 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F(ger | inte)-.15 E(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger) --.15 E(deb)142 361.2 Q(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E -(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 377.4 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)268.64 -377.4 Q(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 393.6 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 405.6 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 26.66(\255d3-17 Set)142 417.6 R -(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 19.16 -(\255d3-17.4 Set)142 429.6 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)102 445.8 S 4.065(rac).15 G 1.565(omplete list of the a) -132.75 445.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565 -(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F 1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.566 -(ook at the code \(the)380.895 445.8 R 4.066(ya)-.15 G 1.566(re too)479.384 -445.8 R(dynamic to k)102 457.8 Q(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 -2.5(3.5. T)87 481.8 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1 -(An alternati)127 498 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H -(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0<ad43>2.5 E F1 -(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf)142 514.2 Q -.429(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 530.4 R F2(test.cf)2.928 E F1 .428 -(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 E(.)-.15 E F1 -.428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928 F(alue)-.25 E -(it def)102 542.4 Q(aults to)-.1 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 -(in the current directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(3.6. Changing)87 566.4 R(the V) -2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1(Options can be o)127 582.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G -(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>2.5 E F1 2.5(\215ag. F)2.5 F(or e)-.15 E -(xample,)-.15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 598.8 Q(sets the)102 615 Q F0 -(T)2.5 E F1(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.5 E 2.5(om)-.1 G -(inutes for this run only)246.63 615 Q(.)-.65 E .181(Some options ha)127 631.2 -R .481 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .181(ecurity implications.).15 F .181(Sendmail allo) -5.181 F .182(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .182(ut refuses to run)-.2 F -(as root thereafter)102 643.2 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 667.2 R -.74 -(Tr)2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 683.4 Q 3.255(yS)-.15 G .754 -(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)158.995 683.4 R -.15 -(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .754(xample, some per)428.542 683.4 R(-)-.2 E 1.178 -(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines in reply code\ -s.)102 695.4 R 1.178(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 707.4 S .13 -(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf) -5.13 F .13(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63 -F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 719.4 S(ample,).15 E EP -%%Page: 17 14 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-17)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)142 96 Q(\214c -bd)-.25 E -(will log all traf)102 112.2 Q(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(/tmp/tr)2.5 E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .128(This logs a lot of data v) -127 128.4 R .128(ery quickly and should ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(rb).15 G -2.628(eu)345.888 128.4 S .128(sed during normal operations.)357.956 128.4 R -(After)5.129 E 1.326(starting up such a daemon, force the errant implementatio\ -n to send a message to your host.)102 140.4 R(All)6.326 E .504(message traf)102 -152.4 R .504(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.004 E F1 3.004(,i)C .504 -(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)265.258 152.4 R .505 -(\214c, will be logged in this)-.25 F(\214le.)102 164.4 Q F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72 -188.4 R F1 1.922(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112 -204.6 R 1.922(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .366 -(requirements of your site.)87 216.6 R .367 -(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)5.366 F --.15(Fo)5.367 G 2.867(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 216.6 Q(the line \231O)87 228.6 Q -(T5d\232 sets option \231T\232 to the v)-.4 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E -2.5(ed)-.15 G(ays\).)312.55 228.6 Q .735(Most of these options ha)112 244.8 R -1.035 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735(aults for most sites.)-.1 -F(Ho)5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F -.735(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .045(mail loads may \214nd the)87 256.8 -R 2.545(yn)-.15 G .046(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.) -193.465 256.8 R .046(In particular)5.046 F 2.546(,s)-.4 G .046(ites e)459.394 -256.8 R(xperi-)-.15 E 1.088(encing a lar)87 268.8 R 1.088 -(ge number of small messages, man)-.18 F 3.588(yo)-.15 G 3.587(fw)294.504 268.8 -S 1.087(hich are deli)308.641 268.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.087(red to man).15 F -3.587(yr)-.15 G 1.087(ecipients, may \214nd)425.996 268.8 R(that the)87 280.8 Q -2.5(yn)-.15 G(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.) -129.07 280.8 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 304.8 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .582(All time interv) -127 321 R .583(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083 -(re).15 G .583(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)346.138 321 R -(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 333 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(nd a half hours.) -241.3 333 Q(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 349.2 S(econds)165.89 -349.2 Q 12.22(mm)142 361.2 S(inutes)169.78 361.2 Q 15(hh)142 373.2 S(ours)167 -373.2 Q 15(dd)142 385.2 S(ays)167 385.2 Q 12.78(ww)142 397.2 S(eeks)169.22 -397.2 Q F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 425.4 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .18 -(The ar)142 441.6 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18 -(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18 -(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)319.25 441.6 R .18(This is)5.18 F .967 -(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 453.6 R 5.968(.R) --.55 G .968(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)350.968 453.6 R -(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 465.6 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 489.6 R -(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .51(It is possible to time out when reading the standard in\ -put or when reading from a remote)142 505.8 R .324(SMTP serv)117 517.8 R(er) --.15 E 5.324(.T)-.55 G .324(hese timeouts are set using the)183.608 517.8 R F0 -(r)2.824 E F1 .324(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.824 F .324(The ar) -5.324 F(gument)-.18 E .843(is a list of)117 529.8 R F2 -.1(ke)3.342 G(ywor)-.2 -E(d=value)-.37 E F1 3.342(pairs. The)3.342 F .842(recognized k)3.342 F -.15(ey) --.1 G -.1(wo).15 G .842(rds, their def).1 F .842(ault v)-.1 F .842 -(alues, and the mini-)-.25 F(mum v)117 541.8 Q(alues allo)-.25 E -(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 46.16(initial The)117 558 R -.1(wa) -2.5 G(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The)117 -574.2 R -.1(wa)4.226 G 1.727 -(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1 -(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 586.2 R 2.6(em)-.15 G .1 -(inutes is probably a reasonable)380.29 586.2 R(minimum.)189 598.2 Q 46.72 -(mail\207 The)117 614.4 R -.1(wa)2.5 G -(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)117 -630.6 R -.1(wa)3.481 G .981(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F -.982(This should be long)5.982 F -(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 642.6 Q -(es a long time to e)-.1 E(xpand.)-.15 E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 658.8 R -.1 -(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a D).1 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H -(command [5m, 2m].)3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 675 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196 -(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F .196 -([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621 -(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)189 -687 R F2(send-)3.121 E(mail)189 699 Q F1(which ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5 -(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)274.75 699 Q EP -%%Page: 18 15 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.06 -(data\214nal\207 The)117 96 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306 -(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306([1h, 10m].)5.306 -F .306(If this is)5.306 F .883 -(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.384(rt).15 G 3.384(od)412.878 108 S(eli)426.262 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.384 -(rt).15 G .884(he message,)454.796 108 R(duplicates will be generated.)189 120 -Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 136.2 R -.1(wa)2.5 G -(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 E 53.94(quit The) -117 152.4 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 E -(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.761 -G .261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261 -(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v) -189 180.6 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06 -(command\207 In)117 196.8 R(serv)2.5 E(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G -(he time to w)259.4 196.8 Q(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E -.15 -(Fo)117 213 S 3.633(rc).15 G 1.134 -(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no `)138.813 213 R(`k)-.74 E --.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G(rd=').1 E 3.634('i)-.74 G 3.634(ss)390.854 213 S -1.134(peci\214ed, all the timeouts)402.268 213 R(mark)117 225 Q -(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E(Man)142 241.2 Q -2.501(yo)-.15 G 2.501(ft)172.681 241.2 S .001(he RFC 1123 minimum v)181.292 -241.2 R .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(Sendmail)5 E F1 -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(sd).1 G(esigned to)463.17 241.2 Q .066 -(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence,)117 253.2 R -F2(sendmail)2.567 E F1 .067(does not guarantee)2.567 F .438 -(to reply to messages promptly)117 265.2 R 5.438(.I)-.65 G 2.938(np)249.92 -265.2 S(articular)262.858 265.2 Q 2.938(,a\231)-.4 G .438 -(RCPT\232 command specifying a mailing list will)313.034 265.2 R -.15(ex)117 -279.2 S .205(pand and v).15 F .205(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F .205 -(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.705(ws)-.25 G .205(ystem may tak)339.81 279.2 R -2.705(em)-.1 G .205(ore than \214v)413.375 279.2 R 2.705(em)-.15 G(inutes) -474.11 279.2 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)498 275.2 Q F1(.)501.5 279.2 Q 3.036(Ir) -117 291.2 S .536(ecommend a one hour timeout \212 since this f)126.696 291.2 R -.536(ailure is rare, a long timeout is not onerous and)-.1 F -(may ultimately help reduce netw)117 303.2 Q(ork load.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 319.4 -S 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the line:)162.53 319.4 Q(Orcommand=25m,datablock=3h)157 -335.6 Q .344(sets the serv)117 351.8 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minu\ -tes and the input data block timeout to three)-.15 F(hours.)117 363.8 Q F0 2.5 -(4.1.3. Message)102 387.8 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .237 -(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 404 R 2.737(wd)-.25 G .237 -(ays, a message will time out.)289.726 404 R .238(This is to insure that at) -5.238 F .283(least the sender is a)117 416 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .282 -(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .282 -(The timeout is typically set to three)5.282 F 2.5(days. This)117 428 R -(timeout is set using the)2.5 E F0(T)2.5 E F1 -(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.5 E .413(The time of submission is se\ -t in the queue, rather than the amount of time left until time-)142 444.2 R -3.263(out. As)117 456.2 R 3.263(ar)3.263 G .763 -(esult, you can \215ush messages that ha)163.449 456.2 R 1.062 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -.762(een hanging for a short period by running).15 F -(the queue with a short message timeout.)117 468.2 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G -(xample,)302.79 468.2 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT1d \255q)157 484.4 Q -(will run the queue and \215ush an)117 500.6 Q(ything that is one day old.)-.15 -E 1.077(Since this option is global, and since you can not)142 516.8 R F2 3.577 -(ap)3.577 G(riori)364.395 516.8 Q F1(kno)3.577 E 3.577(wh)-.25 G 1.577 -.25 -(ow l)416.859 516.8 T 1.077(ong another host).25 F .476 -(outside your domain will be do)117 528.8 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed) --.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)291.785 528.8 R .475(This allo)5.475 F -.475(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 540.8 R -.15(ve) --.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)222.545 540.8 S 4.079(to)232.734 540.8 S 1.579 -(ccurs at the be)244.593 540.8 R 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08 -(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F -(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 552.8 Q -(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 569 Q F0(T)2.711 E F1 .211 -(option can also tak)2.711 F 2.711(eas)-.1 G .21 -(econd timeout indicating a time after which a w)263.637 569 R .21(arning mes-) --.1 F(sage should be sent; the tw)117 581 Q 2.5(ot)-.1 G -(imeouts are separated by a slash.)234.67 581 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, the v)391.28 581 Q(alue)-.25 E(5d/4h)157 597.2 Q .971 -(causes email to f)117 613.4 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F 3.471(ed)-.15 G .971 -(ays, b)245.326 613.4 R .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971 -(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.972 E -(should be lar)117 625.4 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 -.15 -(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E .32 LW 76 669.2 -72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 -669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 -669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL -120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 -128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 -DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 -669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 -669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL -188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 -196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 -DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8 -/Times-Roman@0 SF .344(This v)3.2 J .344(eri\214cation includes looking up e) --.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .344(ry address with the name serv).12 F .344(er; this in) --.12 F -.16(vo)-.32 G(lv).16 E .344(es netw)-.12 F .343 -(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F(can be considerable.)72 692.4 Q EP -%%Page: 19 16 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-19)452.9 60 Q 2.5(4.2. F)87 96 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E/F1 10 -/Times-Roman@0 SF .303(By setting the)127 112.2 R F0(Y)2.802 E F1(option,)2.802 -E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.802 E F1 .302(will fork before each indi) -2.802 F .302(vidual message while running the)-.25 F 2.513(queue. This)102 -124.2 R .013(will pre)2.513 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)2.513 E F1 -.013(from consuming lar)2.513 F .013(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.513(,s)-.65 -G 2.513(oi)421.993 124.2 S 2.513(tm)432.286 124.2 S .014(ay be useful in) -445.359 124.2 R .592(memory-poor en)102 136.2 R 3.092(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we) --.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.392 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.092(ft).4 G(he)275.388 136.2 Q F0 -(Y)3.092 E F1 .591(option is not set,)3.091 F F2(sendmail)3.091 E F1 .591 -(will k)3.091 F .591(eep track of hosts)-.1 F(that are do)102 148.2 Q -(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H -(erformance dramatically).15 E(.)-.65 E(If the)127 164.4 Q F0(Y)2.5 E F1 -(option is set,)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can not use connection caching.)2.5 -E F0 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 188.4 R(Priorities)2.5 E F1(Ev)127 204.6 Q 1.128(ery me\ -ssage is assigned a priority when it is \214rst instantiated, consisting of th\ -e message)-.15 F .003(size \(in bytes\) of)102 216.6 R .002 -(fset by the message class times the \231w)-.25 F .002(ork class f)-.1 F .002 -(actor\232 and the number of recipients)-.1 F .637(times the \231w)102 228.6 R -.637(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.537 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .638 -(he priority is used to order the queue.).7 F .638(Higher numbers for the)5.638 -F(priority mean that the message will be processed later when running the queu\ -e.)102 240.6 Q .329(The message size is included so that lar)127 256.8 R .328 -(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.828(os).15 G -.328(mall messages.)443.122 256.8 R .285(The message class allo)102 268.8 R -.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Preced\ -ence:\232 \214eld)-.25 F .008(in their message; the v)102 280.8 R .008 -(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .007(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.507 E F1 -.007(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.507 F .007(Since the)5.007 F 1.966 -(number of recipients af)102 292.8 R 1.967 -(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)-.25 F -(included into the priority)102 304.8 Q(.)-.65 E .895 -(The recipient and class f)127 321 R .895 -(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F F0(y)3.394 E -F1(and)3.394 E F0(z)3.394 E F1(options)3.394 E(respecti)102 333 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(ly).15 E 5.962(.T)-.65 G(he)163.842 333 Q 3.462(yd)-.15 G(ef)186.594 333 Q -.962(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .963 -(actor\) and 1800 \(for the class f)-.1 F 3.463(actor\). The)-.1 F -(initial priority is:)102 345 Q F2(pri)244.54 363 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F1 -(\()2.8 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0(z\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2 -(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0(y\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102 381 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G -.828(igher v)159.638 381 R .828 -(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo) --.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 393 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job ca\ -n also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)127 409.2 -R .256(attempt is made to deli)102 421.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(ri).15 G .256 -(t\) using the \231w)212.04 421.2 R .256(ork time f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 1.656 -.7 -(,\232 s)-.4 H .256(et by the).7 F F0(Z)2.756 E F1 2.756(option. This)2.756 F -.256(is added to the)2.756 F(priority)102 433.2 Q 2.702(,s)-.65 G 2.703(oi) -140.442 433.2 S 2.703(tn)150.925 433.2 S .203 -(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs that ha) -161.408 433.2 R .503 -.15(ve f)-.2 H(ailed).05 E(man)102 445.2 Q 2.5(yt)-.15 G -(imes will tend to f)129.35 445.2 Q(ail ag)-.1 E(ain in the future.)-.05 E(The) -5 E F0(Z)2.5 E F1(option def)2.5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.4. Load)87 -469.2 R(Limiting)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 485.4 Q F1 .102(can be ask)2.602 F .101 -(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .101 -(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .101(rage gets too high).15 -F .626(using the)102 497.4 R F0(x)3.126 E F1 3.126(option. When)3.126 F .626 -(the load a)3.126 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .626(rage e).15 F .626(xceeds the v)-.15 F -.626(alue of the)-.25 F F0(x)3.126 E F1 .626(option, the deli)3.126 F -.15(ve) --.25 G .627(ry mode is).15 F .987(set to)102 509.4 R F0(q)3.487 E F1 .987 -(\(queue only\) if the)3.487 F F2 .987(Queue F)3.487 F(actor)-.75 E F1(\()3.487 -E F0(q)A F1 .987(option\) di)3.487 F .986(vided by the dif)-.25 F .986 -(ference in the current load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 521.4 T 1.268 -(rage and the).2 F F0(x)3.769 E F1 1.269(option plus one e)3.769 F 1.269 -(xceeds the priority of the message \212 that is, the message is)-.15 F -(queued if)102 533.4 Q(f:)-.25 E F2(pri)269.76 554.63 Q F1(>)3.16 E F0(q)312.48 -547.63 Q F2(LA)294.81 561.63 Q F3(-)2.23 E F0(x)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 336.29 -552.03 294.23 552.03 DL F1(1)331.29 561.63 Q(The)102 576.13 Q F0(q)3.143 E F1 -.643(option def)3.143 F .642(aults to 200000, so each point of load a)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.2 G .642(rage is w).15 F .642(orth 200000 priority points \(as)-.1 F -(described abo)102 588.13 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15(Fo)127 604.33 S 2.886 -(rd).15 G .386(rastic cases, the)148.626 604.33 R F0(X)2.887 E F1 .387 -(option de\214nes a load a)2.887 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .387 -(rage at which sendmail will refuse to accept).15 F(netw)102 616.33 Q -(ork connections.)-.1 E -(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is still accepted.)5 E -F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 640.33 R -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry Mode).1 E F1 .417 -(There are a number of deli)127 656.53 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .416(ry modes that).15 -F F2(sendmail)2.916 E F1 .416 -(can operate in, set by the \231d\232 con\214gura-)2.916 F(tion option.)102 -668.53 Q(These modes specify ho)5 E 2.5(wq)-.25 G(uickly mail will be deli) -263.96 668.53 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(red. Le).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lm).05 G -(odes are:)418.9 668.53 Q 17.22(id)142 684.73 S(eli)167 684.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)194.65 684.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E -15(bd)142 696.73 S(eli)167 696.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)194.65 -696.73 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))207.15 696.73 Q 15(qq)142 708.73 S -(ueue only \(don')167 708.73 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)240.42 708.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(r\)).15 E 1.49(There are tradeof)102 724.93 R 3.99(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.491 -(\231i\232 passes the maximum amount of information to the sender)3.99 F 3.991 -(,b)-.4 G 1.491(ut is)485.559 724.93 R EP -%%Page: 20 17 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .433(hardly e) -102 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.933(rn).15 G(ecessary)155.226 96 Q 5.433(.M)-.65 G -.433(ode \231q\232 puts the minimum load on your machine, b)205.269 96 R .432 -(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E .437 -(may be delayed for up to the queue interv)102 108 R 2.937(al. Mode)-.25 F .437 -(\231b\232 is probably a good compromise.)2.937 F(Ho)5.437 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve) --.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .033(this mode can cause lar)102 120 R .032 -(ge numbers of processes if you ha)-.18 F .332 -.15(ve a m)-.2 H .032 -(ailer that tak).15 F .032(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E -2.5(am)102 132 S(essage.)116.72 132 Q 1.208 -(If you run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\))127 148.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(sendmail)3.708 E F1 1.208(will not e)3.708 F 1.208(xpand aliases and follo) --.15 F 3.708(w.)-.25 G(forw)472.45 148.2 Q(ard)-.1 E -(\214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)102 160.2 Q -(This speeds up the response to RCPT commands.)5 E F0 2.5(4.6. Log)87 184.2 R -(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 .19(The le)127 200.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.69 -(lo).15 G 2.69(fl)171.97 200.4 S .189(ogging can be set for sendmail.)180.77 -200.4 R .189(The def)5.189 F .189(ault using a standard con\214guration table) --.1 F(is le)102 212.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)137.71 212.4 S(he le) -151.32 212.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 228.6 -S 2.5(ol)145.22 228.6 S(ogging.)155.5 228.6 Q 31(1S)102 244.8 S -(erious system f)143.56 244.8 Q(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E -31(2L)102 261 S(ost communications \(netw)144.11 261 Q -(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 277.2 S -(ther serious f)145.22 277.2 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(4M)102 293.4 S(inor f)146.89 -293.4 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 309.6 S(essage collection statistics.)146.89 -309.6 Q 31(6C)102 325.8 S(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.) -144.67 325.8 Q 31(7D)102 342 S(eli)145.22 342 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E -(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 358.2 S -(uccessful deli)143.56 358.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries.).15 E 31(9M)102 374.4 S -(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)146.89 374.4 Q(wn, etc.\).) --.25 E 23.5(10 Database)102 390.6 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E -(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(15 Automatic)102 406.8 R -(alias database reb)2.5 E(uilds.)-.2 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 423 R .603 -(attempts to run lock)3.102 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603 -(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F -(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 435 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 451.2 R -(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)102 467.4 -Q 3.684(,v)-.65 G 1.184(alues abo)162.844 467.4 R 1.484 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 3.684 -(4a).15 G 1.183(re reserv)232.466 467.4 R 1.183(ed for e)-.15 F 1.183 -(xtremely v)-.15 F 1.183(erbose deb)-.15 F 1.183(uggging output.)-.2 F 1.183 -(No normal)6.183 F(site w)102 479.4 Q(ould e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G -(et these.)168.99 479.4 Q F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 503.4 R(Modes)2.5 E F1 .813 -(There are a number of \214les that may ha)127 519.6 R 1.113 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H -.813(umber of modes.).15 F .813(The modes depend on what)5.813 F -(functionality you w)102 531.6 Q(ant and the le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lo).15 -G 2.5(fs)253.15 531.6 S(ecurity you require.)262.87 531.6 Q F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 -555.6 R 2.5(os)-.92 G(uid or not to suid?)146.64 555.6 Q F2(Sendmail)142 571.8 -Q F1 .934(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.434 F .934 -(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.433 G(ec).2 E F1 .933 -(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 583.8 Q 2.582(,i)-.4 G 2.582(tc)150.012 583.8 S -.082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and group\ -id to a def)159.814 583.8 R .083(ault \(set)-.1 F .577(by the)117 595.8 R F0(u) -3.077 E F1(and)3.077 E F0(g)3.077 E F1 3.077(options\). \(This)3.077 F .576 -(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)3.076 E -F1 .576(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.076 F 1.531 -(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 607.8 R(Ho)6.531 E(we)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.532 -(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 619.8 Q F2(sa) -2.5 E F1(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E F0 -2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 643.8 R(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058 -(At Berk)142 660 R(ele)-.1 E 2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)200.186 660 S -2.25 -.2 -(av e)212.184 660 T .058(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F -.058(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.718 -(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 672 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.719 -(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F(writable database.)117 -684 Q 1.191(The database that)142 700.2 R F2(sendmail)3.691 E F1 1.191 -(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.69<6f8c>-.1 G(les)429.12 -700.2 Q F2(aliases.dir)3.69 E F1(and)3.69 E F2(aliases.pa)117 712.2 Q(g)-.1 E -F1 .158(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.658 F F2(aliases.db)2.658 E F1 .159 -(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.659(wB)-.25 G(erk)412.852 712.2 Q -(ele)-.1 E 2.659(yd)-.15 G .159(atabase prim-)449.691 712.2 R(iti)117 724.2 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.607(s\). The).15 F 1.107 -(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.607 F(If)6.106 -E F2(aliases)3.606 E F1 1.106(is writable)3.606 F EP -%%Page: 21 18 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-21)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.624(and the DBM \214les \()117 -96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2(aliases.pa)4.124 E -(g)-.1 E F1 4.124(\)a)C 1.624(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their) -324.648 96 R .72(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 108 R(Ho) -5.719 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E -F1 .719(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly soph\ -isticated user can arrange to steal mail an)117 120 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 -E .62(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 136.2 R .621 -(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .921 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .621 -(uild enabled)-.2 F .564(\(with the \231D\232 option\), then you must be caref\ -ul to reconstruct the alias database each time you)117 148.2 R(change the te) -117 160.2 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)-.15 E(ne)157 176.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E -(If this step is ignored or for)117 192.6 Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 G -(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)273.32 192.6 Q(gotten.)-.18 E F0 -2.5(4.8. Connection)87 216.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .493 -(When processing the queue,)127 232.8 R F0(sendmail)2.993 E F1 .493 -(will try to k)2.993 F .493(eep the last fe)-.1 F 2.994(wo)-.25 G .494 -(pen connections open to)405.588 232.8 R -.2(avo)102 244.8 S -(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E -(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286 -(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 261 R .286 -(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F .92 -(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 273 R 1.22 -.15(ve b)-.25 H 3.42 -(ys).15 G .92(ending a)270.89 273 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NOOP)3.42 E F1 3.42 -(command. It)3.42 F .92(is not an error if this f)3.42 F(ails;)-.1 E -(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 285 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127 -301.2 T .207(parameters control the connection cache.)3.507 F(The)5.207 E F0(k) -2.707 E F1 .207(option de\214nes the number of simultane-)2.707 F 1.819 -(ous open connections that will be permitted.)102 313.2 R 1.82 -(If it is set to zero, connections will be closed as)6.819 F .796 -(quickly as possible.)102 325.2 R .796(The def)5.796 F .796(ault is one.)-.1 F -.796(This should be set as appropriate for your system size; it)5.796 F -(will limit the amount of system resources that)102 337.2 Q F0(sendmail)2.5 E -F1(will use during queue runs.)2.5 E(The)127 353.4 Q F0(K)3.647 E F1 1.148 -(option speci\214es the maximum time that an)3.647 F 3.648(yc)-.15 G 1.148 -(ached connection will be permitted to)347.45 353.4 R 2.896(idle. When)102 -365.4 R .396(the idle time e)2.896 F .396(xceeds this v)-.15 F .396 -(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .395(This number should be small)5.395 F -.162(\(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 377.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163 -(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.663(yr)-.15 G .163 -(esources from other hosts.)347.485 377.4 R .163(The def)5.163 F(ault)-.1 E -(is \214v)102 389.4 Q 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)136.3 389.4 Q F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87 -413.4 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)172.33 413.4 Q F1 .422 -(If your system supports the name serv)127 429.6 R(er)-.15 E 2.921(,t)-.4 G -.421(hen the probability is that)297.151 429.6 R F2(sendmail)2.921 E F1 .421 -(will be using it)2.921 F(re)102 441.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .153(rdless of ho).05 F -2.653(wy)-.25 G .153(ou con\214gure sendmail.)180.599 441.6 R(Ho)5.153 E(we) --.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .954 -.4(r, i).15 H 2.654(fy).4 G .154(ou ha)331.956 -441.6 R .454 -.15(ve n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .154(er support which you are)-.15 F -.979(not using, sendmail will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it\ - tries to connect to the name)102 453.6 R(serv)102 465.6 Q .591 -(er \(either by calling)-.15 F F2 -.1(ge)3.091 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 .591 -(or by trying to look up the MX records\).)3.091 F .591(If the)5.591 F F0(I) -3.091 E F1 .592(option is)3.092 F(set,)102 477.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.34 E F1 .839 -(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)3.34 F .839 -(ailure; otherwise, it ignores the name serv)-.1 F(er)-.15 E 2.59(data. If)102 -489.6 R .09(your name serv)2.59 F .09(er is running properly)-.15 F 2.59(,t) --.65 G .09(he setting of this option is not rele)291.6 489.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.09(nt; ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .89 -.4(r, i).15 H 2.59(ti).4 G(s) -500.11 489.6 Q(important that it be set properly to mak)102 501.6 Q 2.5(ee)-.1 -G(rror handling w)269.66 501.6 Q(ork properly)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .633 -(This option also allo)127 517.8 R .633(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F .633 -(er options.)-.15 F .632(The command line tak)5.633 F .632(es a series)-.1 F -.442(of \215ags as documented in)102 529.8 R F2 -.37(re)2.942 G(solver).37 E F1 -.442(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B .442 -(Each can be preceded by)5.442 F(an optional `+' or `)102 541.8 Q/F4 10/Symbol -SF(-)A F1 2.5('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E(OIT)142 558 Q(rue +AA) --.35 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F4(-)2.5 E F1(DNSRCH)A .862(turns on the AA)102 574.2 -R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G .862(accept authoritati)201.658 574.2 R 1.162 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H .861(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F 3.361(ft)-.25 G .861 -(he DNSRCH \(search the)402.827 574.2 R 2.039(domain path\) options.)102 586.2 -R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039 -(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)-.35 F .187 -(\215ags on and all others of)102 598.2 R 2.687(f. Note)-.25 F .186 -(the use of the initial `)2.686 F(`T)-.74 E(rue')-.35 E 2.686('\212t)-.74 G -.186(his is for compatibility with pre)365.82 598.2 R(vi-)-.25 E(ous v)102 -610.2 Q(ersions of sendmail, b)-.15 E(ut is not otherwise necessary)-.2 E(.) --.65 E -1.11(Ve)127 626.4 S 2.256(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.756(l1c).15 -G 2.256(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)200.298 626.4 R 2.257(AMES of)-.35 -F 4.757(fw)-.25 G 2.257(hen doing deli)424.896 626.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E -2.06(lookups, b)102 638.4 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06 -(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G 2.06 -(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06(ignores them when doing)4.56 F -.313(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102 -650.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313 F -2.813(tw)-.18 G(ant)491.78 650.4 Q(to do automatic name e)102 662.4 Q -(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)261.93 662.4 Q .189 -(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 678.6 R .189(what dif)-.25 F .189 -(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .189(If the name \(that is, the `)5.189 F(`...)-.74 -E -.74('')-.7 G(\)).74 E .109(has at least one dot, it al)102 690.6 R -.1(wa) --.1 G .109(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .11(If that f)5.11 F -.11(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124 -(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 702.6 R .124 -(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 714.6 Q -.788 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .488(lready been tried\).).15 F .488(This allo)5.488 F -.489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989('t)-.74 G 2.989(om)362.805 -714.6 S .489(atch the site in Czechoslo)378.574 714.6 R -.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25 -E EP -%%Page: 22 19 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.588 -(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102 96 R 1.587 -(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .512(records o)102 108 R -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.012(rM).15 G 3.012(Xr)163.814 108 S .512 -(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)177.376 108 R .513 -(es note of it, b)-.1 F .513(ut k)-.2 F .513(eeps looking.)-.1 F 1.542(This w) -102 120 R(ay)-.1 E 4.042(,i)-.65 G 4.042(fy)149.054 120 S 1.541(ou ha)161.426 -120 R 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541 -(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 F -(names match.)102 132 Q F0 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 156 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E -(-User F)-.37 E(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772(Some sites mount each user')127 -172.2 R 3.272(sh)-.55 G .772(ome directory from a local disk on their w)256.13 -172.2 R .772(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .576(local access is f)102 184.2 R 3.076 -(ast. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.376 -.4(r, t).15 H .575 -(he result is that .forw).4 F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F 4.375 -.65 -(w. I)-.25 H 3.075(ns).65 G .575(ome cases, mail)439.25 184.2 R .216(can e)102 -196.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)144.792 196.2 S(eli)156.948 -196.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .216 -(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216 -(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E -(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 208.2 Q(.)-.55 E -(The)127 224.4 Q F0(J)2.5 E F1(option allo)2.5 E(ws you to set a path of forw) --.25 E(ard \214les.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, the con\214g \214le line)366.6 224.4 Q(OJ/v)142 240.6 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E -(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 256.8 S .208 -(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F 2.707(sl) --.55 G .207(ogin in /v)343.191 256.8 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .207 -(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F .129 -(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le \231.forw)102 268.8 R .129 -(ard\232 in the user')-.1 F 2.629(sh)-.55 G .13(ome directory is searched.) -311.901 268.8 R 2.63(At)5.13 G .13(ruly perv)435.02 268.8 R .13(erse site)-.15 -F(could also search by sender by using $r)102 280.8 Q 2.5(,$)-.4 G(s, or $f.) -269.07 280.8 Q .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 297 R(ar/forw)-.25 -E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 F 3.19(yb)-.15 G(it) -498.44 297 Q(should be set\).)102 309 Q -(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 333 R -(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.122(On systems that ha)127 349.2 R 1.422 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(statfs)3.622 E F1 1.123 -(\(2\) system call, you can specify a minimum number of free)B .61 -(blocks on the queue \214lesystem using the)102 361.2 R F0(b)3.11 E F1 3.11 -(option. If)3.11 F .61(there are fe)3.11 F .61 -(wer than the indicated number of)-.25 F .406 -(blocks free on the \214lesystem on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv) -102 373.2 R .407(er will reject mail with)-.15 F(the 452 error code.)102 385.2 -Q(This in)5 E(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E -(Be)127 401.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can \ -cause rejection of email when that mail w).1 F(ould)-.1 E -(be processed without dif)102 413.4 Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)-.65 E 1.772 -(This option can also specify an adv)127 429.6 R 1.773 -(ertised \231maximum message size\232 for hosts that speak)-.15 F(ESMTP)102 -441.6 Q(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(4.12. Pri)87 465.6 R -.1(va)-.1 G(cy Flags).1 E F1 -(The)127 481.8 Q F0(p)3.591 E F1 1.091(option allo)3.591 F 1.091 -(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.571 --.74('' \215).15 H 3.591(ags. Actually).74 F 3.59(,m)-.65 G(an)409.27 481.8 Q -3.59(yo)-.15 G 3.59(ft)432.15 481.8 S 1.09(hem don')441.85 481.8 R 3.59(tg)-.18 -G -2.15 -.25(iv e)492.18 481.8 T .254(you an)102 493.8 R 2.754(ye)-.15 G .254 -(xtra pri)141.088 493.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.754(,r)-.5 G .254 -(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)196.666 493.8 R .254 -(ers use the HELO command before)-.15 F(using certain commands.)102 505.8 Q -.124(The option tak)127 522 R .124 -(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 -.15 -(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)367.708 522 R .424 -.15(ve o)-.25 H -2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)434.06 522 S .123(hose \215ags.)442.794 522 R -.15(Fo) -5.123 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 534 S(ample:).15 E(Op needmailhelo, noe)142 550.2 Q -(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO command be used before a MAIL c\ -ommand is accepted and dis-)102 566.4 R(ables the EXPN command.)102 578.4 Q -.244(The \231restrictmailq\232 option restricts printing the queue to the grou\ -p that o)127 594.6 R .244(wns the queue direc-)-.25 F(tory)102 606.6 Q 5(.I) --.65 G 2.5(ti)128.29 606.6 S 2.5(sa)136.35 606.6 S -(bsurd to set this if you don')147.18 606.6 Q 2.5(ta)-.18 G -(lso protect the logs.)266.72 606.6 Q F0 2.5(4.13. Send)87 630.6 R(to Me T)2.5 -E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 646.8 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.423 E F1 .923 -(deletes the \(en)3.423 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423 -(yl)-.15 G .924(ist e)375.484 646.8 R 3.424(xpansions. F)-.15 F .924(or e)-.15 -F .924(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232 sends to a list that contains \231m\ -att\232 as one of the members he w)102 658.8 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761 -(et a cop)416.705 658.8 R 3.261(yo)-.1 G 3.261(ft)462.488 658.8 S .761(he mes-) -471.859 658.8 R 3.066(sage. If)102 670.8 R(the)3.066 E F0<ad6d>3.066 E F1 .566 -(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)3.066 F F0(m)3.067 E F1 .567 -(option is set in the con\214guration \214le, this)3.067 F(beha)102 682.8 Q -(viour is supressed.)-.2 E(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5(or)265.58 682.8 -S(un the)276.41 682.8 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1(daemon with)2.5 E -F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A EP -%%Page: 23 20 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-23)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5. THE)72 96 R(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E -(TION FILE)-.95 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .264(This section describes the con\ -\214guration \214le in detail, including hints on ho)112 112.2 R 2.764(wt)-.25 -G 2.763(ow)426.298 112.2 S .263(rite one of your)441.281 112.2 R -.25(ow)87 -124.2 S 2.5(ni).25 G 2.5(fy)109.25 124.2 S(ou ha)120.08 124.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t) --.2 H(o.).15 E .648(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: \ -the syntax of the con\214guration \214le is)112 140.4 R 1.077 -(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 152.4 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 1.076(ry time).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.576 E F1 -1.076(starts up, rather than)3.576 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87 -164.4 Q -(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)5 E(.) --.55 E(An o)112 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rvie).15 E 2.5(wo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)170.88 -180.6 S(he con\214guration \214le is gi)179.49 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5<6e8c> -.15 G(rst, follo)301.59 180.6 Q(wed by details of the semantics.)-.25 E F0 2.5 -(5.1. Con\214guration)87 204.6 R(File Lines)2.5 E F1 1.315 -(The con\214guration \214le is or)127 220.8 R -.05(ga)-.18 G 1.316 -(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F 1.316(gins with a single) --.15 F .742(character de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)102 -232.8 R .742(Lines be)5.742 F .741(ginning with a space or a tab are)-.15 F -1.148 -(continuation lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)102 -244.8 R 3.649(yp)-.15 G 3.649(laces\). Blank)407.513 244.8 R 1.149(lines and) -3.649 F(lines be)102 256.8 Q(ginning with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.) --.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.1. R)102 280.8 R(and S \212 r)2.5 E(ewriting rules)-.18 E F1 -.407(The core of address parsing are the re)142 297 R .406(writing rules.)-.25 -F .406(These are an ordered production sys-)5.406 F(tem.)117 309 Q F2(Sendmail) -5.282 E F1 .282(scans through the set of re)2.782 F .283 -(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side)-.25 F .132 -(\(LHS\) of the rule.)117 321 R .131(When a rule matches, the address is repla\ -ced by the right hand side \(RHS\) of)5.131 F(the rule.)117 333 Q 1.125 -(There are se)142 349.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.125(ral sets of re).15 F 1.126 -(writing rules.)-.25 F 1.126(Some of the re)6.126 F 1.126 -(writing sets are used internally)-.25 F .21(and must ha)117 361.2 R .51 -.15 -(ve s)-.2 H .21(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .21(Other re)5.21 F .21 -(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .51 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .21 -(peci\214cally assigned seman-).15 F -(tics, and may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)117 -373.2 Q(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)142 389.4 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G -(ommands are:)244.38 389.4 Q F0(S)157 405.6 Q F2(n)A F1 .277 -(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)117 421.8 R F2(n)2.778 E F1 5.278 -(.I)C 2.778(fy)302.52 421.8 S .278(ou be)313.628 421.8 R .278 -(gin a ruleset more than once it deletes the)-.15 F(old de\214nition.)117 433.8 -Q F0(R)157 450 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 .303(The \214elds must be separated \ -by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)117 466.2 R -2.738(\214elds. The)117 478.2 R F2(lhs)2.738 E F1 .238 -(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.738 F .239 -(If it matches, the input is re)5.239 F .239(written to the)-.25 F F2(rhs)117 -490.2 Q F1 5(.T)C(he)143.39 490.2 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5 E -2.266(Macro e)142 506.4 R 2.266(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)4.766 E F2(x) -A F1 2.265(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)4.765 F .08 -(Expansions of the form)117 518.4 R F0($&)2.58 E F2(x)A F1 .081 -(are performed at run time using a some)2.58 F .081 -(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .639 -(This for is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as) -117 530.4 R F0($h)3.138 E F1 .638(that are changed)3.138 F(at runtime.)117 -542.4 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.1. The)117 566.4 R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 1.617 -(The left hand side of re)157 582.6 R 1.617(writing rules contains a pattern.) --.25 F 1.617(Normal w)6.617 F 1.617(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)132 -594.6 Q 5(.M)-.65 G(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)214.67 594.6 Q -(The metasymbols are:)5 E F0($*)172 610.8 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)192.14 -610.8 Q(ens)-.1 E F0($+)172 622.8 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E -F0<24ad>172 634.8 Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)172 -646.8 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)241.98 646.8 Q F2 -(x)2.5 E F0($~)172 658.8 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G -(ord not in class)244.1 658.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 .499(If an)132 675 R 2.999(yo) --.15 G 2.999(ft)163.948 675 S .499(hese match, the)173.057 675 R 2.999(ya)-.15 -G .499(re assigned to the symbol)248.274 675 R F0($)2.999 E F2(n)A F1 .498 -(for replacement on the right hand)2.999 F(side, where)132 687 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 -(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)238.78 687 S(he LHS.)249.06 687 Q -.15 -(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)307.92 687 Q($\255:$+)172 703.2 Q -(is applied to the input:)132 719.4 Q EP -%%Page: 24 21 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(UCB)172 96 Q -(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)-.92 E(the rule will match, and the v)132 112.2 Q -(alues passed to the RHS will be:)-.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)172 128.4 R(ARP)-.35 E(A) --.92 E 7.5($2 eric)172 140.4 R(Additionally)157 160.8 Q 3.398(,t)-.65 G .898 -(he LHS can include)215.588 160.8 R F0($@)3.398 E F1 .898(to match zero tok) -3.398 F 3.398(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.398 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(not)3.398 E F1 -.898(bound to a)3.398 F F0($)132 172.8 Q F2(N)A F1 .837(on the RHS, and is nor\ -mally only used when it stands alone in order to match the null)3.338 F(input.) -132 184.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.2. The)117 208.8 R(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .525 -(When the left hand side of a re)157 225 R .526 -(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced)-.25 F .932 -(by the right hand side.)132 237 R -.8(To)5.932 G -.1(ke).8 G .932 -(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.432(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg) -457.848 237 S .931(in with a).15 F(dollar sign.)132 249 Q(Metasymbols are:)5 E -F0($)172 265.2 Q F2(n)A F1(Substitute inde\214nite tok)222.55 265.2 Q(en)-.1 E -F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 E F0($[)172 277.2 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1 -(Canonicalize)222.55 277.2 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0($\()172 289.2 Q F2(map k)A -.3 -(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\)) -2.5 E F1(Generalized k)222.55 301.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E -F0($>)172 313.2 Q F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)222.55 313.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 -($#)172 325.2 Q F2(mailer)A F1(Resolv)222.55 325.2 Q 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)259.9 -325.2 Q F2(mailer)2.5 E F0($@)172 337.2 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)222.55 337.2 Q -F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)172 349.2 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)222.55 349.2 Q F2(user)2.5 -E F1(The)157 369.6 Q F0($)3.012 E F2(n)A F1 .512 -(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.012 F .513(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+) -3.013 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.013 E F1(,)A F0($*)3.013 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.013 E F1 -3.013(,o)C(r)461.874 369.6 Q F0($~)3.013 E F1(match)3.013 E(on the LHS.)132 -381.6 Q(It may be used an)5 E(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.701(Ah)157 397.8 S .201 -(ost name enclosed between)171.921 397.8 R F0($[)2.7 E F1(and)2.7 E F0($])2.7 E -F1 .2(is look)2.7 F .2(ed up using the)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)2.7 G(thostent).1 E F1 -.2(\(3\) routines)1.666 F 3.332(and replaced by the canonical name)132 411.8 R -/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)291.672 407.8 Q F1 8.333(.F)295.172 411.8 S 3.333 -(or e)311.415 411.8 R 3.333(xample, \231$[csam$]\232 might become \231lbl-)-.15 -F 1.924(csam.arpa\232 and \231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)132 423.8 R 1.923 -(ould become \231v)-.1 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.) -.65 E<9a>-.7 E F2(Send-)6.923 E(mail)132 435.8 Q F1 .435(recognizes it')2.935 F -2.935(sn)-.55 G .436(umeric IP address without calling the name serv)218.575 -435.8 R .436(er and replaces it with)-.15 F(it')132 447.8 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G -(anonical name.)151.17 447.8 Q(The)157 464 Q F0($\()2.862 E F1(...)2.862 E F0 -($\))5.361 E F1 .361 -(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of)2.861 -F .124(an implicit map.)132 476 R .125(If no lookup is found, the indicted) -5.124 F F2(default)2.625 E F1 .125(is inserted; if no def)2.625 F .125 -(ault is speci-)-.1 F(\214ed and no lookup matches, the v)132 488 Q -(alue is left unchanged.)-.25 E(The)157 504.2 Q F0($>)3.572 E F2(n)A F1 1.071 -(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be substituted as usual and then) -3.572 F .571(passed as the ar)132 516.2 R .572(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n) -3.072 E F1 5.572(.T)C .572(he \214nal v)288.852 516.2 R .572(alue of ruleset) --.25 F F2(n)3.072 E F1 .572(then becomes the substitu-)3.072 F -(tion for this rule.)132 528.2 Q(The)157 544.4 Q F0($#)3.097 E F1 .597 -(syntax should)3.097 F F2(only)3.097 E F1 .597(be used in ruleset zero.)3.097 F -.596(It causes e)5.597 F -.25(va)-.25 G .596(luation of the ruleset).25 F .606 -(to terminate immediately)132 556.4 R 3.106(,a)-.65 G .607 -(nd signals to sendmail that the address has completely resolv)243.158 556.4 R -(ed.)-.15 E(The complete syntax is:)132 568.4 Q F0($#)172 584.6 Q F2(mailer)A -F0($@)2.5 E F2(host)A F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 .394 -(This speci\214es the {mailer)132 600.8 R 2.894(,h)-.4 G .394 -(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)245.466 600.8 R 5.394(.I) --.55 G 2.894(ft)447.548 600.8 S .394(he mailer is)456.552 600.8 R .136 -(local the host part may be omitted)132 614.8 R F3(8)268.916 610.8 Q F1 5.136 -(.T)272.416 614.8 S(he)286.162 614.8 Q F2(mailer)2.636 E F1 .135 -(must be a single w)2.636 F .135(ord, b)-.1 F .135(ut the)-.2 F F2(host)2.635 E -F1(and)2.635 E F2(user)2.635 E F1 .251(may be multi-part.)132 626.8 R .252 -(If the)5.252 F F2(mailer)2.752 E F1 .252(is the b)2.752 F .252 -(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.752(,t)-.4 G(he)369.72 626.8 Q F2(host)2.752 E F1 -.252(may be a colon-separated)2.752 F 2.439 -(list of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)132 638.8 R 2.438 -(orking address \(e)-.1 F 2.438(xactly lik)-.15 F 4.938(eM)-.1 G(X)496.78 638.8 -Q(records\).)132 650.8 Q .32 LW 76 660.4 72 660.4 DL 80 660.4 76 660.4 DL 84 -660.4 80 660.4 DL 88 660.4 84 660.4 DL 92 660.4 88 660.4 DL 96 660.4 92 660.4 -DL 100 660.4 96 660.4 DL 104 660.4 100 660.4 DL 108 660.4 104 660.4 DL 112 -660.4 108 660.4 DL 116 660.4 112 660.4 DL 120 660.4 116 660.4 DL 124 660.4 120 -660.4 DL 128 660.4 124 660.4 DL 132 660.4 128 660.4 DL 136 660.4 132 660.4 DL -140 660.4 136 660.4 DL 144 660.4 140 660.4 DL 148 660.4 144 660.4 DL 152 660.4 -148 660.4 DL 156 660.4 152 660.4 DL 160 660.4 156 660.4 DL 164 660.4 160 660.4 -DL 168 660.4 164 660.4 DL 172 660.4 168 660.4 DL 176 660.4 172 660.4 DL 180 -660.4 176 660.4 DL 184 660.4 180 660.4 DL 188 660.4 184 660.4 DL 192 660.4 188 -660.4 DL 196 660.4 192 660.4 DL 200 660.4 196 660.4 DL 204 660.4 200 660.4 DL -208 660.4 204 660.4 DL 212 660.4 208 660.4 DL 216 660.4 212 660.4 DL/F4 5 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 670.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8 -/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E(ault can be used.)-.08 E F4(8)93.6 684.4 Q F5 --.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.207(um).88 G .207(ay w)117.427 687.6 R .208 -(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.208(xtensions. F)-.12 F -.208(or e)-.12 F .208 -(xample, at CMU you can send email to \231jgm+foo\232; the part af-)-.12 F(ter\ - the plus sign is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer\ - for local use.)72 697.2 Q EP -%%Page: 25 22 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-25)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 3.794(AR)157 96 S 1.294 -(HS may also be preceded by a)174.684 96 R F0($@)3.795 E F1 1.295(or a)3.795 F -F0($:)3.795 E F1 1.295(to control e)3.795 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.795(luation. A).25 -F F0($@)3.795 E F1(pre\214x)3.795 E .611 -(causes the ruleset to return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)132 108 R -3.11(alue. A)-.25 F F0($:)3.11 E F1 .61(pre\214x causes)3.11 F .431 -(the rule to terminate immediately)132 120 R 2.931(,b)-.65 G .431 -(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)276.625 120 R -.2(vo)-.2 G -.432(id con-).2 F(tinued application of a rule.)132 132 Q -(The pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)5 E(The)157 148.2 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1 -(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E(es may precede a)-.15 E F0($>)2.5 E F1 -(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19(R$+ $:)172 164.4 R($>7 $1)2.5 E .256 -(matches an)132 180.6 R .256(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G .256(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)2.756 E F1 .256 -(is necessary to a)2.756 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)132 -192.6 Q .051(Substitution occurs in the order described, that is, parameters f\ -rom the LHS are substi-)157 208.8 R .556(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \ -\231subroutines\232 are called, and \214nally)132 220.8 R F0($#)3.056 E F1(,)A -F0($@)3.056 E F1 3.056(,a)C(nd)467.348 220.8 Q F0($:)3.056 E F1(are)3.056 E -(processed.)132 232.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.3. Semantics)117 256.8 R(of r)2.5 E -(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 2.921(There are \214v)157 273 R 5.421(er)-.15 G --.25(ew)226.973 273 S 2.922(riting sets that ha).25 F 3.222 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -2.922(peci\214c semantics.).15 F 2.922(These are related as)7.922 F -(depicted by \214gure 2.)132 285 Q 1.092 -(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)157 301.2 R -6.091<9a54>-.7 G 1.091(his form should ha)416.917 301.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G -(the basic syntax:)132 313.2 Q(local-part@host-domain-spec)172 329.4 Q 1.295 -(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)132 345.6 R/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(may)3.796 E F1 1.296(be appended from the sender)3.796 F -1.284(address \(if the)132 357.6 R F0(C)3.784 E F1 1.284 -(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.784 F F2 -(sending)3.784 E F1(mailer\).)3.784 E -(Ruleset three is applied by sendmail before doing an)132 369.6 Q -(ything with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)411.39 369.6 Q .506(Ruleset zero \ -is applied after ruleset three to addresses that are going to actually spec-) -157 385.8 R .296(ify recipients.)132 397.8 R .296(It must resolv)5.296 F 2.796 -(et)-.15 G 2.796(oa)258.04 397.8 S F2({mailer)A 2.796(,h)-1.11 G .296 -(ost, user})312.368 397.8 R F1 2.795(triple. The)2.796 F F2(mailer)2.795 E F1 -.295(must be de\214ned in)2.795 F .56 -(the mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)132 409.8 R(The) -5.561 E F2(host)3.061 E F1 .561(is de\214ned into the)3.061 F F0($h)3.061 E F1 -.561(macro for)3.061 F(use in the ar)132 421.8 Q(gv e)-.18 E -(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 1.357(Rulesets one and tw) -157 438 R 3.857(oa)-.1 G 1.357 -(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)254.538 438 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)132 450 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re applied before an) -159.34 450 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)250.27 -450 Q(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ust ne)429 450 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv) -470.81 450 Q(e.)-.15 E .4 LW 77 483.6 72 483.6 DL 79 483.6 74 483.6 DL 84 483.6 -79 483.6 DL 89 483.6 84 483.6 DL 94 483.6 89 483.6 DL 99 483.6 94 483.6 DL 104 -483.6 99 483.6 DL 109 483.6 104 483.6 DL 114 483.6 109 483.6 DL 119 483.6 114 -483.6 DL 124 483.6 119 483.6 DL 129 483.6 124 483.6 DL 134 483.6 129 483.6 DL -139 483.6 134 483.6 DL 144 483.6 139 483.6 DL 149 483.6 144 483.6 DL 154 483.6 -149 483.6 DL 159 483.6 154 483.6 DL 164 483.6 159 483.6 DL 169 483.6 164 483.6 -DL 174 483.6 169 483.6 DL 179 483.6 174 483.6 DL 184 483.6 179 483.6 DL 189 -483.6 184 483.6 DL 194 483.6 189 483.6 DL 199 483.6 194 483.6 DL 204 483.6 199 -483.6 DL 209 483.6 204 483.6 DL 214 483.6 209 483.6 DL 219 483.6 214 483.6 DL -224 483.6 219 483.6 DL 229 483.6 224 483.6 DL 234 483.6 229 483.6 DL 239 483.6 -234 483.6 DL 244 483.6 239 483.6 DL 249 483.6 244 483.6 DL 254 483.6 249 483.6 -DL 259 483.6 254 483.6 DL 264 483.6 259 483.6 DL 269 483.6 264 483.6 DL 274 -483.6 269 483.6 DL 279 483.6 274 483.6 DL 284 483.6 279 483.6 DL 289 483.6 284 -483.6 DL 294 483.6 289 483.6 DL 299 483.6 294 483.6 DL 304 483.6 299 483.6 DL -309 483.6 304 483.6 DL 314 483.6 309 483.6 DL 319 483.6 314 483.6 DL 324 483.6 -319 483.6 DL 329 483.6 324 483.6 DL 334 483.6 329 483.6 DL 339 483.6 334 483.6 -DL 344 483.6 339 483.6 DL 349 483.6 344 483.6 DL 354 483.6 349 483.6 DL 359 -483.6 354 483.6 DL 364 483.6 359 483.6 DL 369 483.6 364 483.6 DL 374 483.6 369 -483.6 DL 379 483.6 374 483.6 DL 384 483.6 379 483.6 DL 389 483.6 384 483.6 DL -394 483.6 389 483.6 DL 399 483.6 394 483.6 DL 404 483.6 399 483.6 DL 409 483.6 -404 483.6 DL 414 483.6 409 483.6 DL 419 483.6 414 483.6 DL 424 483.6 419 483.6 -DL 429 483.6 424 483.6 DL 434 483.6 429 483.6 DL 439 483.6 434 483.6 DL 444 -483.6 439 483.6 DL 449 483.6 444 483.6 DL 454 483.6 449 483.6 DL 459 483.6 454 -483.6 DL 464 483.6 459 483.6 DL 469 483.6 464 483.6 DL 474 483.6 469 483.6 DL -479 483.6 474 483.6 DL 484 483.6 479 483.6 DL 489 483.6 484 483.6 DL 494 483.6 -489 483.6 DL 499 483.6 494 483.6 DL 504 483.6 499 483.6 DL(addr)91.915 578 Q -133.2 576 111.6 576 DL 133.2 576 126 577.8 DL 133.2 576 126 574.2 DL(3)141.5 -578 Q 133.2 565.2 133.2 586.8 DL 154.8 565.2 133.2 565.2 DL 154.8 586.8 154.8 -565.2 DL 133.2 586.8 154.8 586.8 DL 176.4 576 154.8 576 DL 176.4 576 169.2 -577.8 DL 176.4 576 169.2 574.2 DL(D)183.59 578 Q 176.4 565.2 176.4 586.8 DL 198 -565.2 176.4 565.2 DL 198 586.8 198 565.2 DL 176.4 586.8 198 586.8 DL 219.6 576 -198 576 DL 277.2 558 255.6 558 DL 277.2 558 270 559.8 DL 277.2 558 270 556.2 DL -(1)285.5 560 Q 277.2 547.2 277.2 568.8 DL 298.8 547.2 277.2 547.2 DL 298.8 -568.8 298.8 547.2 DL 277.2 568.8 298.8 568.8 DL 320.4 558 298.8 558 DL 320.4 -558 313.2 559.8 DL 320.4 558 313.2 556.2 DL(S)328.42 560 Q 320.4 547.2 320.4 -568.8 DL 342 547.2 320.4 547.2 DL 342 568.8 342 547.2 DL 320.4 568.8 342 568.8 -DL 363.6 558 342 558 DL 277.2 594 255.6 594 DL 277.2 594 270 595.8 DL 277.2 594 -270 592.2 DL(2)285.5 596 Q 277.2 583.2 277.2 604.8 DL 298.8 583.2 277.2 583.2 -DL 298.8 604.8 298.8 583.2 DL 277.2 604.8 298.8 604.8 DL 320.4 594 298.8 594 DL -320.4 594 313.2 595.8 DL 320.4 594 313.2 592.2 DL(R)327.865 596 Q 320.4 583.2 -320.4 604.8 DL 342 583.2 320.4 583.2 DL 342 604.8 342 583.2 DL 320.4 604.8 342 -604.8 DL 363.6 594 342 594 DL 421.2 576 399.6 576 DL 421.2 576 414 577.8 DL -421.2 576 414 574.2 DL(4)429.5 578 Q 421.2 565.2 421.2 586.8 DL 442.8 565.2 -421.2 565.2 DL 442.8 586.8 442.8 565.2 DL 421.2 586.8 442.8 586.8 DL 464.4 576 -442.8 576 DL 464.4 576 457.2 577.8 DL 464.4 576 457.2 574.2 DL(msg)466.865 578 -Q 255.6 558 219.6 576 DL 255.6 594 219.6 576 DL 399.6 576 363.6 558 DL 399.6 -576 363.6 594 DL 208.8 522 187.2 522 DL 208.8 522 201.6 523.8 DL 208.8 522 -201.6 520.2 DL(0)217.1 524 Q 208.8 511.2 208.8 532.8 DL 230.4 511.2 208.8 511.2 -DL 230.4 532.8 230.4 511.2 DL 208.8 532.8 230.4 532.8 DL 252 522 230.4 522 DL -252 522 244.8 523.8 DL 252 522 244.8 520.2 DL(resolv)265.69 524 Q(ed address) --.15 E 187.2 522 162 576 DL(Figure 2 \212 Re)216.045 624 Q -(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5(D\212s)209.35 636 S(ender domain addition) -235.46 636 Q 2.5(S\212m)209.35 648 S(ailer)237.69 648 Q(-speci\214c sender re) --.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)209.35 660 S(ailer)238.8 660 Q -(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77 672 72 672 DL 79 672 74 672 -DL 84 672 79 672 DL 89 672 84 672 DL 94 672 89 672 DL 99 672 94 672 DL 104 672 -99 672 DL 109 672 104 672 DL 114 672 109 672 DL 119 672 114 672 DL 124 672 119 -672 DL 129 672 124 672 DL 134 672 129 672 DL 139 672 134 672 DL 144 672 139 672 -DL 149 672 144 672 DL 154 672 149 672 DL 159 672 154 672 DL 164 672 159 672 DL -169 672 164 672 DL 174 672 169 672 DL 179 672 174 672 DL 184 672 179 672 DL 189 -672 184 672 DL 194 672 189 672 DL 199 672 194 672 DL 204 672 199 672 DL 209 672 -204 672 DL 214 672 209 672 DL 219 672 214 672 DL 224 672 219 672 DL 229 672 224 -672 DL 234 672 229 672 DL 239 672 234 672 DL 244 672 239 672 DL 249 672 244 672 -DL 254 672 249 672 DL 259 672 254 672 DL 264 672 259 672 DL 269 672 264 672 DL -274 672 269 672 DL 279 672 274 672 DL 284 672 279 672 DL 289 672 284 672 DL 294 -672 289 672 DL 299 672 294 672 DL 304 672 299 672 DL 309 672 304 672 DL 314 672 -309 672 DL 319 672 314 672 DL 324 672 319 672 DL 329 672 324 672 DL 334 672 329 -672 DL 339 672 334 672 DL 344 672 339 672 DL 349 672 344 672 DL 354 672 349 672 -DL 359 672 354 672 DL 364 672 359 672 DL 369 672 364 672 DL 374 672 369 672 DL -379 672 374 672 DL 384 672 379 672 DL 389 672 384 672 DL 394 672 389 672 DL 399 -672 394 672 DL 404 672 399 672 DL 409 672 404 672 DL 414 672 409 672 DL 419 672 -414 672 DL 424 672 419 672 DL 429 672 424 672 DL 434 672 429 672 DL 439 672 434 -672 DL 444 672 439 672 DL 449 672 444 672 DL 454 672 449 672 DL 459 672 454 672 -DL 464 672 459 672 DL 469 672 464 672 DL 474 672 469 672 DL 479 672 474 672 DL -484 672 479 672 DL 489 672 484 672 DL 494 672 489 672 DL 499 672 494 672 DL 504 -672 499 672 DL EP -%%Page: 26 23 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .265 -(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)157 96 R .266 -(It is typically used to translate)5.265 F(internal to e)132 108 Q -(xternal form.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.1.4. IPC)117 132 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 .333 -(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)157 148.2 R .332 -(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F .241 -(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)132 160.2 R .241(ath in the)-.15 -F F0(M)2.741 E F1 .241(con\214guration line.)2.741 F .242(The host name passed) -5.242 F .885(after \231$@\232 has MX e)132 172.2 R .885 -(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate)-.15 F -(deli)132 184.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry sites.).15 E(The host name can also be pro) -157 200.4 Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E -(xample:)-.15 E([128.32.149.78])172 216.6 Q(This causes direct con)132 232.8 Q --.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion of the numeric v).15 E(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25 -E .894(The host name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separa\ -ted list of hosts.)157 249 R .63(Each is separately MX e)132 261 R .629 -(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 3.129(e\()-.1 G .629 -(essentially\) one)440.881 261 R .378(long MX list.)132 273 R .378 -(The intent here is to create \231f)5.378 F(ak)-.1 E .378 -(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS)-.1 F(for pri)132 285 Q -.25 -(va)-.25 G(te internal netw).25 E(orks.)-.1 E .17 -(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)157 301.2 R -.17(xt string in square brack-)-.15 F(ets:)132 313.2 Q([ucb)172 329.4 Q -.25 -(va)-.15 G(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E 1.244(This form a) -132 345.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.244(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0(N.B.:)6.244 E F1 -1.245(This is intended only for situations where you)3.744 F(ha)132 357.6 Q -.814 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H(etw).15 E .514(ork \214re)-.1 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .514 -(ll, so that your MX record points to a g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.014 -(ym).1 G .514(achine; this machine)420.762 357.6 R 1.603 -(could then do direct deli)132 369.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.604 -(ry to machines within your local domain.).15 F 1.604(Use of this feature)6.604 -F(directly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should not be used lightly)132 -381.6 Q(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(5.1.2. D)102 405.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne macr)157.28 -405.6 Q(o)-.18 E F1 .547(Macros are named with a single character)142 421.8 R -5.546(.T)-.55 G .546(hese may be selected from the entire ASCII)325.498 421.8 R -.892(set, b)117 433.8 R .892(ut user)-.2 F .892 -(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set of upper case letters only) --.2 F 5.892(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)484.26 433.8 S(er).25 E -(case letters and special symbols are used internally)117 445.8 Q(.)-.65 E -(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)142 462 Q F0(D)157 478.2 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)117 494.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 -(is the name of the macro and)2.5 E F2(val)2.5 E F1(is the v)2.5 E -(alue it should ha)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(.).15 E 1.085 -(Macros are interpolated using the construct)142 510.6 R F0($)3.585 E F2(x)A F1 -3.585(,w)C(here)346.775 510.6 Q F2(x)3.585 E F1 1.085 -(is the name of the macro to be)3.585 F 3.45(interpolated. This)117 522.6 R .95 -(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)3.45 F .95 -(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)3.45 E F1(lines.)3.45 E(The special construct)117 534.6 Q -F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)2.5 E F0(R)2.5 E F1 -(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E -(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)142 550.8 Q($?x te)157 567 Q -(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E .246(This interpolates)117 583.2 R F2(te)2.746 -E(xt1)-.2 E F1 .246(if the macro)2.746 F F0($x)2.745 E F1 .245(is set, and) -2.745 F F2(te)2.745 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 2.745(otherwise. The)2.745 F .245 -(\231else\232 \()2.745 F F0($|)A F1 2.745(\)c)C .245(lause may be)451.3 583.2 R -(omitted.)117 595.2 Q(Lo)142 611.4 Q .261(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 -F .261(ed to ha)-.15 F .562 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .262 -(pecial semantics, used to pass information).15 F 1.163 -(in or out of sendmail, and special characters are reserv)117 623.4 R 1.163 -(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.163(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F(Upper)6.162 E -(case names \(that is,)117 635.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1 -2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)267.53 635.4 Q -(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E(The follo)142 651.6 Q -(wing macros)-.25 E F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned to transmit information into) -2.5 E F2(sendmail:)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 27 24 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-27)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 15.56(eT)157 96 S -(he SMTP entry message)183.11 96 Q 17.22(jT)157 108 S(he \231of)183.11 108 Q -(\214cial\232 domain name for this site)-.25 E 17.22(lT)157 120 S -(he format of the UNIX from line)183.11 120 Q 15(nT)157 132 S -(he name of the daemon \(for error messages\))183.11 132 Q 15(oT)157 144 S -(he set of "operators" in addresses)183.11 144 Q 15(qd)157 156 S(ef)182 156 Q -(ault format of sender address)-.1 E(The)117 172.2 Q F0($e)2.656 E F1 .157 -(macro is printed out when SMTP starts up.)2.656 F .157(The \214rst w)5.157 F -.157(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)2.657 E F1 2.657(macro. The)2.657 F F0($j) -2.657 E F1 .536(macro should be in RFC821 format.)117 184.2 R(The)5.536 E F0 -($l)3.036 E F1(and)3.036 E F0($n)3.036 E F1 .536 -(macros can be considered constants e)3.036 F(xcept)-.15 E .782 -(under terribly unusual circumstances.)117 196.2 R(The)5.783 E F0($o)3.283 E F1 -.783(macro consists of a list of characters which will)3.283 F .498 -(be considered tok)117 208.2 R .498(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .498 -(ens when doing parsing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.498 G 2.998(re).15 G .497 -(xample, if \231@\232)441.866 208.2 R .996(were in the)117 220.2 R F0($o)3.496 -E F1 .996(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.496 F .997 -(ould be scanned as three tok)-.1 F .997(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.497<9a99>-.7 G(@,) -470.613 220.2 Q 3.497<9a61>-.7 G(nd)494 220.2 Q<9962>117 232.2 Q 5.595 -.7 -(.\232 F)-.4 H(inally).7 E 4.195(,t)-.65 G(he)176.14 232.2 Q F0($q)4.195 E F1 -1.695(macro speci\214es ho)4.195 F 4.194(wa)-.25 G 4.194(na)297.954 232.2 S -1.694(ddress should appear in a message when it is)311.588 232.2 R(def)117 -244.2 Q 2.5(aulted. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E -(xample, on our system these de\214nitions are:)-.15 E -(De$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b)157 260.4 Q(DnMAILER-D)157 272.4 Q(AEMON)-.4 E -(DlFrom $g)157 284.4 Q($d)5 E(Do.:%@!^/[])157 296.4 Q(Dq$?x$x <$g>$|$g$.)157 -308.4 Q(Dj$w)157 320.4 Q .067(An acceptable alternati)117 336.6 R .367 -.15 -(ve f)-.25 H .067(or the).15 F F0($q)2.567 E F1 .067 -(macro is \231$g$?x \($x\)$.)2.567 F 2.567(\232. These)-.7 F .068 -(correspond to the follo)2.567 F(wing)-.25 E(tw)117 348.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G -(ormats:)137.73 348.6 Q(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)157 364.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65 -(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)157 376.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)117 393 Q F1 -(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E .24 -(Some macros are de\214ned by)142 409.2 R F2(sendmail)2.739 E F1 .239 -(for interpolation into ar)2.739 F(gv')-.18 E 2.739(sf)-.55 G .239 -(or mailers or for other)414.734 409.2 R(conte)117 421.2 Q 2.5(xts. These)-.15 -F(macros are:)2.5 E 15.56(aT)157 437.4 S(he origination date in RFC 822 format) -183.11 437.4 Q 15(bT)157 449.4 S(he current date in RFC 822 format)183.11 449.4 -Q 15.56(cT)157 461.4 S(he hop count)183.11 461.4 Q 15(dT)157 473.4 S -(he date in UNIX \(ctime\) format)183.11 473.4 Q 16.67(fT)157 485.4 S -(he sender \(from\) address)183.11 485.4 Q 15(gT)157 497.4 S -(he sender address relati)183.11 497.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5(ot).15 G -(he recipient)301.29 497.4 Q 15(hT)157 509.4 S(he recipient host)183.11 509.4 Q -17.22(iT)157 521.4 S(he queue id)183.11 521.4 Q 15(kT)157 533.4 S -(he UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\))183.11 533.4 Q 12.22(mT)157 -545.4 S(he domain part of the)183.11 545.4 Q F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(thostname).1 E F1 -(return v)2.5 E(alue)-.25 E 15(pS)157 557.4 S(endmail')182.56 557.4 Q 2.5(sp) --.55 G(id)228.95 557.4 Q 16.67(rP)157 569.4 S(rotocol used to recei)182.56 -569.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(he message).15 E 16.11(sS)157 581.4 S(ender')182.56 -581.4 Q 2.5(sh)-.55 G(ost name)218.94 581.4 Q 17.22(tA)157 593.4 S -(numeric representation of the current time)186.72 593.4 Q 15(uT)157 605.4 S -(he recipient user)183.11 605.4 Q 15(vT)157 617.4 S(he v)183.11 617.4 Q -(ersion number of sendmail)-.15 E 12.78(wT)157 629.4 S -(he hostname of this site)183.11 629.4 Q 15(xT)157 641.4 S -(he full name of the sender)183.11 641.4 Q 15.56(zT)157 653.4 S -(he home directory of the recipient)183.11 653.4 Q 15(_T)157 665.4 S(he v) -183.11 665.4 Q(alidated sender address)-.25 E .918 -(There are three types of dates that can be used.)142 685.8 R(The)5.918 E F0 -($a)3.418 E F1(and)3.418 E F0($b)3.418 E F1 .918(macros are in RFC 822)3.418 F -(format;)117 697.8 Q F0($a)3.047 E F1 .547(is the time as e)3.047 F .547 -(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F .546 -(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)117 709.8 Q F1 .145 -(is the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)2.645 F .145 -(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming)5.145 F(message,)117 721.8 Q -F0($a)2.547 E F1 .047(is set to the current time also.)2.547 F(The)5.046 E F0 -($d)2.546 E F1 .046(macro is equi)2.546 F -.25(va)-.25 G .046(lent to the).25 F -F0($b)2.546 E F1 .046(macro in UNIX)2.546 F EP -%%Page: 28 25 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(\(ctime\) format.)117 96 Q(The)142 112.2 Q F0($f)3.114 E F1 .614(macro is the\ - id of the sender as originally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c)3.114 -F .602(host the)117 124.2 R F0($g)3.102 E F1 .602 -(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.102 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37 -(re)3.101 G .601(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.601 G -3.101(re).15 G .601(xample, if I)456.418 124.2 R 1.65 -(send to \231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)117 136.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.65 -(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) --.15 G(EDU\232).65 E(the)117 148.2 Q F0($f)2.5 E F1 -(macro will be \231eric\232 and the)2.5 E F0($g)2.5 E F1 -(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)142 164.4 Q F0($x)3.838 E F1 1.338 -(macro is set to the full name of the sender)3.838 F 6.337(.T)-.55 G 1.337 -(his can be determined in se)369.135 164.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E -.1(wa) -117 176.4 S 2.952(ys. It).1 F .453(can be passed as \215ag to)2.953 F F2 -(sendmail.)2.953 E F1 .453(The second choice is the v)5.453 F .453 -(alue of the \231Full-name:\232)-.25 F .513(line in the header if it e)117 -188.4 R .512 -(xists, and the third choice is the comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.) --.15 F .512(If all)5.512 F 1.148(of these f)117 200.4 R 1.148 -(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F 3.648(,t)-.65 G -1.149(he full name is look)369.678 200.4 R 1.149(ed up in the)-.1 F F2 -(/etc/passwd)117 212.4 Q F1(\214le.)2.5 E .439(When sending, the)142 228.6 R F0 -($h)2.939 E F1(,)A F0($u)2.939 E F1 2.938(,a)C(nd)256.964 228.6 Q F0($z)2.938 E -F1 .438(macros get set to the host, user)2.938 F 2.938(,a)-.4 G .438 -(nd home directory \(if)417.426 228.6 R 1.454(local\) of the recipient.)117 -240.6 R 1.454(The \214rst tw)6.454 F 3.954(oa)-.1 G 1.454(re set from the) -278.438 240.6 R F0($@)3.955 E F1(and)3.955 E F0($:)3.955 E F1 1.455 -(part of the re)3.955 F 1.455(writing rules,)-.25 F(respecti)117 252.6 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)142 268.8 Q F0($p)2.806 E F1(and)2.806 E F0 -($t)2.806 E F1 .306(macros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \ -\231Message-Id:\232 \214eld\).)2.806 F(The)117 280.8 Q F0($i)2.537 E F1 .037(m\ -acro is set to the queue id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it ca\ -n be e)2.537 F(xtremely)-.15 E .407(useful for tracking messages.)117 292.8 R -(The)5.407 E F0($v)2.907 E F1 .407(macro is set to be the v)2.907 F .407 -(ersion number of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)2.907 E F1 2.907(;t)C .407(his is)482.753 -292.8 R 2.109(normally put in timestamps and has been pro)117 304.8 R -.15(ve) --.15 G 4.609(ne).15 G 2.109(xtremely useful for deb)334.512 304.8 R 4.61 -(ugging. The)-.2 F F0($w)4.61 E F1 1.222 -(macro is set to the name of this host if it can be determined.)117 316.8 R -(The)6.221 E F0($c)3.721 E F1 1.221(\214eld is set to the \231hop)3.721 F -(count,)117 328.8 Q 3.332<9a69>-.7 G .833 -(.e., the number of times this message has been processed.)151.572 328.8 R .833 -(This can be determined by)5.833 F(the)117 340.8 Q F0<ad68>2.5 E F1 -(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps in the message.)2.5 E -(The)142 357 Q F0($r)3.427 E F1(and)3.427 E F0($s)3.427 E F1 .926 -(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with sendmail and the) -3.427 F .968(sending hostname.)117 369 R(The)5.968 E F0($_)3.468 E F1 .969 -(is set to a v)3.469 F .969(alidated sender host name.)-.25 F .969 -(If the sender is running an)5.969 F(RFC 1413 compliant IDENT serv)117 381 Q -(er)-.15 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(tw)267.55 381 S -(ill include the user name on that host.)280.05 381 Q F0 2.5(5.1.3. C)102 405 R -(and F \212 de\214ne classes)2.5 E F1 .197 -(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)142 -421.2 R .196(writing rules, where)-.25 F 2.79<6199>117 433.2 S .291 -(phrase\232 is a sequence of characters that do not contain space characters.) -128.67 433.2 R -.15(Fo)5.291 G 2.791(re).15 G .291(xample a class)445.098 433.2 -R .356(of all local names for this site might be created so that attempts to s\ -end to oneself can be elimi-)117 445.2 R 2.89(nated. These)117 457.2 R .39(can\ - either be de\214ned directly in the con\214guration \214le or read in from an\ -other \214le.)2.89 F .797(Classes may be gi)117 469.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.297 -(nn).15 G .796(ames from the set of upper case letters.)213.668 469.2 R(Lo) -5.796 E .796(wer case letters and special)-.25 F(characters are reserv)117 -481.2 Q(ed for system use.)-.15 E(The syntax is:)142 497.4 Q F0(C)157 513.6 Q -F2 1.666(cp)C(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)157 525.6 Q F2 -1.666<638c>C(le)-1.666 E F1 1.114(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)117 -541.8 R F2(c)3.614 E F1 1.114(to match an)3.614 F 3.614(yo)-.15 G 3.615(ft) -319.63 541.8 S 1.115(he named w)329.355 541.8 R 3.615(ords. It)-.1 F 1.115 -(is permissible to split)3.615 F(them among multiple lines; for e)117 553.8 Q -(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)317.57 553.8 Q(CHmonet ucbmonet)157 -570 Q(and)117 586.2 Q(CHmonet)157 602.4 Q(CHucbmonet)157 614.4 Q(are equi)117 -630.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lent. The).25 F -(second form reads the elements of the class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1 -(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 646.8 Q F0($~)3.113 E F1 -.613(\(match entries not in class\) only matches a single w)3.113 F .612 -(ord; multi-w)-.1 F .612(ord entries in the)-.1 F -(class are ignored in this conte)117 658.8 Q(xt.)-.15 E .383(The class)142 675 -R F0($=w)2.883 E F1 .384(is set to be the set of all names this host is kno) -2.883 F .384(wn by)-.25 F 5.384(.T)-.65 G .384(his can be used to)431.364 675 R -(match local hostnames.)117 687 Q(The class)142 703.2 Q F0($=k)2.5 E F1 -(is set to be the same as)2.5 E F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C -(hat is, the UUCP node name.)312.69 703.2 Q EP -%%Page: 29 26 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-29)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5.1.4. M)102 96 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne mailer)159.5 -96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Programs and interf)142 112.2 Q -(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0(M)157 -128.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F2(\214eld)197.9 128.4 Q F1 -(=)A F2(value)A F1(}*)1.666 E(where)117 144.6 Q F2(name)3.244 E F1 .744(is the\ - name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pair\ -s de\214ne)3.244 F(attrib)117 156.6 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G -(ields are:)220.13 156.6 Q -.15(Pa)157 172.8 S 51.87(th The).15 F -(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)157 184.8 R -(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender A)157 196.8 R(re)2.5 E -(writing set for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient A)157 208.8 R(re)2.5 E -(writing set for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)157 220.8 Q 49.13(gv An)-.18 F -(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61(Eol The)157 -232.8 R(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62(Maxsize The)157 244.8 R -(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27(Linelimit The)157 256.8 R -(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18(Directory The)157 268.8 R --.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E -(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)117 285 Q(ed.)-.1 E -1.144(The follo)142 301.2 R 1.144 -(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)6.144 E 3.644(yo) --.15 G 1.144(ther \215ags may be used)409.994 301.2 R(freely to conditionally \ -assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)117 313.2 Q 15.56 -(aR)117 329.4 S(un Extended SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1425, \ -1426, and 1427\).)143.67 329.4 Q 15(bF)117 345.6 S .674 -(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)142.41 345.6 R .674 -(This is intended to w)5.674 F .674(ork around some stupid)-.1 F -.15(ve)137 -357.6 S .851(rsions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b).15 F .851 -(ut do not pro)-.2 F .852(vide it themselv)-.15 F 3.352(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo) -3.352 G(uld).1 E(not normally be used on netw)137 369.6 Q(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56 -(cD)117 385.8 S 4.166(on)144.22 385.8 S 1.666 -(ot include comments in addresses.)158.386 385.8 R 1.665 -(This should only be used if you ha)6.665 F 1.965 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.165(ow).15 -G(ork)490.67 385.8 Q(around a remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)137 -397.8 Q 13.33(CI)117 414 S 3.06(fm)140.33 414 S .56(ail is)154.5 414 R F2 -.37 -(re)3.06 G(ceived).37 E F1 .56(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)3.06 F -3.06(ya)-.15 G .56(ddresses in the header that do not)367.33 414 R(ha)137 426 Q -.331 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.531(na).15 G 2.531(ts)174.472 426 S .031 -(ign \(\231@\232\) after being re)183.673 426 R .031 -(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F .33 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .03 -(he \231@domain\232 clause).15 F(from the sender tack)137 438 Q(ed on.)-.1 E -(This allo)5 E(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177 -454.2 Q -.8(To)177 466.2 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)197.59 466.2 Q -(to be re)137 482.4 Q(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177 498.6 Q -.8(To) -177 510.6 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)197.59 510.6 Q(automatically) -137 526.8 Q(.)-.65 E 12.78(DT)117 543 S(his mailer w)143.11 543 Q -(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15.56(eT)117 559.2 S .562 -(his mailer is e)143.11 559.2 R(xpensi)-.15 E .862 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.062(oc) -.15 G .562(onnect to, so try to a)253.97 559.2 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .562 -(id connecting normally; an).2 F 3.063(yn)-.15 G(ecessary)470.13 559.2 Q -(connection will occur during a queue run.)137 571.2 Q 13.89(EE)117 587.4 S -(scape lines be)143.11 587.4 Q -(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67(fT)117 -603.6 S .969(he mailer w)143.11 603.6 R .969(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>3.469 E F2 -(fr)3.469 E(om)-.45 E F1 .969(\215ag, b)3.469 F .969(ut only if this is a netw) --.2 F .969(ork forw)-.1 F .968(ard operation \(i.e., the)-.1 F(mailer will gi) -137 615.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)218.81 615.6 Q -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -(pecial permissions\).).15 E 14.44(FT)117 631.8 S(his mailer w)143.11 631.8 Q -(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(gN)117 648 S(ormally)144.22 648 Q -(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.529 E F1 1.029 -(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)3.529 -F .006(return address)137 662 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)193.376 658 Q F1 .006 -(as required by RFC 1123.)199.382 662 R(Ho)5.006 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.806 -.4(r, s).15 H .006(ome mailers don').4 F 2.505(ta)-.18 G .005 -(ccept a null return)431.505 662 R 5.372(address. If)137 674 R(necessary)5.372 -E 5.372(,y)-.65 G 2.872(ou can set the)240.486 674 R F0(g)5.372 E F1 2.872 -(\215ag to pre)5.372 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)5.372 E F1 2.873 -(from obe)5.372 F 2.873(ying the)-.15 F .32 LW 76 683.6 72 683.6 DL 80 683.6 76 -683.6 DL 84 683.6 80 683.6 DL 88 683.6 84 683.6 DL 92 683.6 88 683.6 DL 96 -683.6 92 683.6 DL 100 683.6 96 683.6 DL 104 683.6 100 683.6 DL 108 683.6 104 -683.6 DL 112 683.6 108 683.6 DL 116 683.6 112 683.6 DL 120 683.6 116 683.6 DL -124 683.6 120 683.6 DL 128 683.6 124 683.6 DL 132 683.6 128 683.6 DL 136 683.6 -132 683.6 DL 140 683.6 136 683.6 DL 144 683.6 140 683.6 DL 148 683.6 144 683.6 -DL 152 683.6 148 683.6 DL 156 683.6 152 683.6 DL 160 683.6 156 683.6 DL 164 -683.6 160 683.6 DL 168 683.6 164 683.6 DL 172 683.6 168 683.6 DL 176 683.6 172 -683.6 DL 180 683.6 176 683.6 DL 184 683.6 180 683.6 DL 188 683.6 184 683.6 DL -192 683.6 188 683.6 DL 196 683.6 192 683.6 DL 200 683.6 196 683.6 DL 204 683.6 -200 683.6 DL 208 683.6 204 683.6 DL 212 683.6 208 683.6 DL 216 683.6 212 683.6 -DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)93.6 694 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2 -(,t)-.52 G(his only applies to SMTP)129.356 697.2 Q 2(,w)-.888 G -(hich uses the `)219.588 697.2 Q(`MAIL FR)-.592 E(OM:<>')-.32 E 2('c)-.592 G -(ommand.)333.98 697.2 Q EP -%%Page: 30 27 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .212 -(standards; error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)137 96 R .211 -(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 2.711(,t)-.65 G .211(he v)470.439 96 R(alue)-.25 E -(of the)137 108 Q F0($n)2.5 E F1(macro\).)2.5 E 15(hU)117 124.2 S -(pper case should be preserv)144.22 124.2 Q(ed in host names for this mailer) --.15 E(.)-.55 E 16.67(IT)117 140.4 S .092 -(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)143.11 140.4 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.592 E F1 2.593<8a61>2.593 G 2.593(ss)381.242 -140.4 S .093(uch it can use special proto-)391.615 140.4 R .319(col features.) -137 152.4 R .319(This option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted\ - the transmission will)5.319 F(still operate successfully)137 164.4 Q 2.5(,a) --.65 G(lthough perhaps not as ef)244.11 164.4 Q(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 -E 17.22(lT)117 180.6 S(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)143.11 180.6 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)117 196.8 S .69 -(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)143.11 196.8 R .69 -(This deprecated option should be replaced)5.69 F(by the)137 208.8 Q F0(L=)2.5 -E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G(istoric reasons, the) -272.54 208.8 Q F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.) -2.5 E 12.22(mT)117 225 S 1.273 -(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.) -143.11 225 R 1.273(When a)6.273 F F0($u)3.773 E F1 .621(macro occurs in the)137 -237 R F2(ar)3.121 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .621 -(part of the mailer de\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as neces-)3.121 -F(sary for all qualifying users.)137 249 Q 11.11(MT)117 265.2 S(his mailer w) -143.11 265.2 Q(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)117 281.4 S -2.5(on)144.22 281.4 S -(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)156.72 -281.4 Q 15(pU)117 297.6 S .702(se the route-addr style re)144.22 297.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .702(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .701 -(OM:\232 command rather than)-.4 F .421 -(just the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man) -137 309.6 R 2.922(yh)-.15 G .422(osts do not)459.816 309.6 R(process re)137 -321.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25(ev e) -272.3 321.6 T(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)-.25 E -14.44(PT)117 337.8 S(his mailer w)143.11 337.8 Q(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 E -(ath:\232 line.)-.15 E 16.67(rS)117 354 S(ame as)142.56 354 Q F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5 -(,b)C(ut sends a)185.68 354 Q F0<ad72>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 16.11(sS)117 370.2 -S(trip quote characters of)142.56 370.2 Q 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)245.61 370.2 S -(he address before calling the mailer)254.22 370.2 Q(.)-.55 E 14.44(SD)117 -386.4 S(on')144.22 386.4 Q 3.443(tr)-.18 G .943 -(eset the userid before calling the mailer)166.923 386.4 R 5.943(.T)-.55 G .943 -(his w)344.324 386.4 R .942(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(viron-)-.4 E .49 -(ment where)137 398.4 R F2(sendmail)2.99 E F1 .49(ran as root.)2.99 F .491 -(This could be used to a)5.491 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .491(id for).2 F .491 -(ged addresses.)-.18 F .491(This \215ag)5.491 F(is suppressed if gi)137 410.4 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nf).15 G(rom an \231unsafe\232 en)228.81 410.4 Q -(vironment \(e.g, a user')-.4 E 2.5(sm)-.55 G(ail.cf \214le\).)410.31 410.4 Q -15(uU)117 426.6 S(pper case should be preserv)144.22 426.6 Q -(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)117 442.8 S 2.997 -(his mailer w)143.11 442.8 R 2.996 -(ants Unix-style \231From\232 lines with the ugly UUCP-style \231remote from) --.1 F(<host>\232 on the end.)137 454.8 Q 15(xT)117 471 S(his mailer w)143.11 -471 Q(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)117 487.2 S 1.22 -(his mailer w)143.11 487.2 R 1.22 -(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)-.1 F -3.72(,a)-.65 G -.15(ny)494.15 487.2 S .225(line be)137 499.2 R .225 -(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F .525 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.725(ne).15 G .224 -(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)296.47 499.2 R .525(T\ -his insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate the \ -message pre-)137 511.2 R(maturely)137 523.2 Q(.)-.65 E 15(7S)117 539.4 S .152 -(trip all output to se)142.56 539.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(nb).15 G 2.652 -(its. This)240.42 539.4 R .152(is the def)2.652 F .152(ault if the)-.1 F F0(L) -2.652 E F1 .152(\215ag is set.)2.652 F .152(Note that setting this is)5.152 F -.078(not suf)137 551.4 R .079 -(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.579 E -F1 5.079(.I)C 2.579(ft)398.437 551.4 S(he)407.126 551.4 Q F0(7)2.579 E F1 .079 -(option is set, this is)2.579 F(essentially al)137 563.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G -(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 E(as stripped on input.)-.1 E 2.122(The mai\ -ler with the special name \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error) -142 579.6 R 7.122(.T)-.55 G(he)494.56 579.6 Q .246 -(\(optional\) host \214eld is an e)117 591.6 R .247 -(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.) --.15 F .337(The e)117 603.6 R .337(xit status may be numeric or one of the v) --.15 F .336(alues USA)-.25 F .336(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 2.836(,U)-.74 G -.35 -(NA)465.4 603.6 S -1.35(VA)-1 G(IL-)1.35 E .828(ABLE, SOFTW)117 615.6 R .828 -(ARE, TEMPF)-1.2 F .828(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H .828 -(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_).4 F -.15(ex)117 627.6 S -(it code.).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the entry:)181.26 627.6 Q -($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)157 643.8 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E .261(on \ -the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \ -\231Host unkno)117 660 R .261(wn\232 e)-.25 F(xit)-.15 E -(status to be returned if the LHS matches.)117 672 Q -(This mailer is only functional in ruleset zero.)5 E 1.563 -(The mailer named \231local\232)142 688.2 R F2(must)4.063 E F1 1.564 -(be de\214ned in e)4.063 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.564(ry con\214guration \214le.).15 -F 1.564(This is used to)6.564 F(deli)117 700.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.039(rl).15 G -1.539(ocal mail, and is treated specially in se)151.189 700.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -1.538(ral w).15 F 4.038(ays. Additionally)-.1 F 4.038(,t)-.65 G 1.538 -(hree other mailers)428.724 700.2 R 1.367(named \231prog\232, \231*\214le*\232\ -, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)117 712.2 R -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.368(ry of messages to).15 F -(programs, \214les, and :include: lists respecti)117 724.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly) -.15 E 5(.T)-.65 G(he)315.38 724.2 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)337.17 724.2 Q(ault to:) --.1 E EP -%%Page: 31 28 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-31)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)157 96 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)157 108 Q -(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)157 120 Q -(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E 1.264(The Sender and Recipient re)142 140.4 R -1.263(writing sets may either be a simple inte)-.25 F 1.263(ger or may be tw) --.15 F(o)-.1 E(inte)117 152.4 Q .046 -(gers separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)-.15 F .047 -(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .047(lope addresses and the) -.15 F(second is applied to headers.)117 164.4 Q 1.259 -(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)142 -180.6 R 6.258(.F)-.65 G 1.258(or e)439.704 180.6 R 1.258(xample, the)-.15 F -.143(de\214nition \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)117 192.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.143(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.643(sh)-.55 G .144 -(ome directory; if that is not a)353.327 192.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable,).25 E -.781(it tries to e)117 204.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .781 -(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .78 -(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232)5.781 F(mailer)117 216.6 -Q 2.898(,s)-.4 G .398(ince some shells \(such as)151.438 216.6 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(csh)2.898 E F1 2.898(\)r)C .398(efuse to e)279.356 216.6 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .398(cute if the).15 F 2.898(yc)-.15 G .398 -(annot read the home directory)380.586 216.6 R(.)-.65 E .416 -(Since the queue directory is not normally readable by normal users)117 228.6 R -F2(csh)2.916 E F1 .416(scripts as recipients can)2.916 F -.1(fa)117 240.6 S -(il.).1 E F0 2.5(5.1.5. H)102 264.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne header)157.84 -264.6 Q F1 .198(The format of the header lines that sendmail inserts into the \ -message are de\214ned by the)142 280.8 R F0(H)2.699 E F1 2.5(line. The)117 -292.8 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)157 309 Q F1([)A F0(?)A F2(m\215a)A -(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1 .691(Continuat\ -ion lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoing message.)117 -325.2 R(The)5.69 E F2(htemplate)3.19 E F1 1.566(is macro e)117 337.2 R 1.567 -(xpanded before insertion into the message.)-.15 F 1.567(If the)6.567 F F2 -(m\215a)4.067 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.567(\(surrounded by question)4.067 F .219(marks\ -\) are speci\214ed, at least one of the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in \ -the mailer de\214nition for)117 349.2 R .093 -(this header to be automatically output.)117 361.2 R .093 -(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the)5.093 F -(output re)117 373.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(rdless of these \215ags.).05 E -(Some headers ha)142 389.4 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -(pecial semantics that will be described belo).15 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F0 2.5 -(5.1.6. O)102 413.4 R 2.5<8a73>2.5 G(et option)156.17 413.4 Q F1 .045(There ar\ -e a number of \231random\232 options that can be set from a con\214guration \ -\214le.)142 429.6 R(Options)5.045 E(are represented by single characters.)117 -441.6 Q(The syntax of this line is:)5 E F0(O)157 457.8 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue) --1.666 E F1 1.054(This sets option)117 474 R F2(o)3.554 E F1 1.054(to be)3.554 -F F2(value)3.554 E F1 6.054(.D)C 1.054(epending on the option,)256.318 474 R F2 -(value)3.555 E F1 1.055(may be a string, an inte)3.555 F(ger)-.15 E 3.555(,a) --.4 G(boolean \(with le)117 486 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G -(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)201.26 486 Q -(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E -(The options supported are:)142 502.2 Q(a)117 518.4 Q F2(N)A F1 .655(If set, w) -189 518.4 R .655(ait up to)-.1 F F2(N)3.155 E F1 .655 -(minutes for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)3.155 F .655(xist in the alias database) --.15 F .474(before starting up.)189 530.4 R .474(If it does not appear in)5.474 -F F2(N)2.974 E F1 .475(minutes, reb)2.974 F .475(uild the database \(if)-.2 F -(the)189 542.4 Q F0(D)2.5 E F1(option is also set\) or issue a w)2.5 E(arning.) --.1 E(A)117 558.6 Q F2 .507(spec, spec, ...)B F1 .507 -(Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)190.014 558.6 R(Each)5.507 E F2(spec)3.006 -E F1 .506(should be in the format `)3.006 F(`)-.74 E F2(class)A F0(:)A F2 -(\214le)3.006 E F1 -.74('')C(where)189 570.6 Q F2(class)2.947 E F0(:)A F1 .447 -(is optional and def)2.947 F .447(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 2.947 -('. Depending)-.74 F .448(on ho)2.948 F(w)-.25 E F0(send-)2.948 E(mail)189 -582.6 Q F1 1.224(is compiled, v)3.724 F 1.224 -(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search through a compiled-in)-.25 F .193 -(list of alias \214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)189 -594.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)2.693 E F1 .193(is speci\214ed\),)2.693 F -.882(\231dbm\232 \(if)189 606.6 R F3(NDBM)3.382 E F1 .882 -(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal symbol table \212 not normally)3.382 -F .475(used unless you ha)189 618.6 R .775 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.975(oo).15 G .476 -(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)295.735 618.6 R F3(NIS)2.976 E F1 -.476(is speci\214ed\).)2.976 F(If a list of)189 630.6 Q F2(spec)2.5 E F1 2.5 -(sa)C(re pro)259.26 630.6 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 -(searches them in order)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(b)117 646.8 Q F2(N)A F1(/)A F2(M)A F1 -1.589(Insist on at least)189 646.8 R F2(N)4.089 E F1 1.588 -(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.089 F .19 -(before accepting email via SMTP)189 658.8 R 5.19(.I)-1.11 G 2.69(ft)334.09 -658.8 S .19(here is insuf)342.89 658.8 R .19(\214cient space)-.25 F F2 -(sendmail)2.69 E F1(gi)2.69 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(s).15 E 3.67(a4)189 670.8 S 1.17 -(52 response to the MAIL command.)202.11 670.8 R 1.17(This in)6.17 F 1.17 -(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 F(ain)-.05 E(later)189 682.8 Q 5.986(.T)-.55 G -.986(he optional)220.816 682.8 R F2(M)3.486 E F1 .987 -(is a maximum message size adv)3.486 F .987(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F -(EHLO response.)189 694.8 Q(It is currently otherwise unused.)5 E(B)117 711 Q -F2(c)A F1 1.445(Set the blank substitution character to)189 711 R F2(c)3.945 E -F1 6.444(.U)C 1.444(nquoted spaces in addresses are)371.594 711 R -(replaced by this character)189 723 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)305.63 723 Q -(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E EP -%%Page: 32 29 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 67.56(cI)117 96 -S 3.892(fa)192.33 96 S 3.892(no)203.992 96 S 1.393(utgoing mailer is mark) -217.884 96 R 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.893(,d) -.15 G(on')415.294 96 Q 3.893(tc)-.18 G 1.393(onnect immedi-)439.557 96 R(ately) -189 108 Q 6.164(.T)-.65 G 1.164 -(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a)222.564 -108 R(queue run process to actually send the mail.)189 120 Q(C)117 136.2 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(N)A F1 1.49(Checkpoints the queue e)189 136.2 R -.15(ve) --.25 G(ry).15 E F2(N)3.99 E F1(\(def)3.99 E 1.49(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 -F 1.49(If your system)6.49 F .785(crashes during deli)189 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 -G .785(ry to a lar).15 F .785(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .785 -(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.285(yb)-.15 G(ut)496.22 148.2 Q -(the last recipients.)189 160.2 Q(d)117 176.4 Q F2(x)A F1(Deli)189 176.4 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nm)223.87 176.4 S(ode)239.15 176.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 -5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)274.14 176.4 T 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)300.88 176.4 Q -17.22(iD)229 192.6 S(eli)256.22 192.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti) -283.87 192.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)229 204.6 S(eli) -256.22 204.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)283.87 204.6 S -(ackground \(asynchronously\))296.37 204.6 Q 15(qJ)229 216.6 S -(ust queue the message \(deli)252.89 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G -(uring queue run\))382.74 216.6 Q(Def)189 232.8 Q 1.32(aults to `)-.1 F(`b') --.74 E 3.82('i)-.74 G 3.82(fn)261.64 232.8 S 3.82(oo)273.79 232.8 S 1.32 -(ption is speci\214ed, `)287.61 232.8 R(`i')-.74 E 3.82('i)-.74 G 3.82(fi) -385.57 232.8 S 3.82(ti)395.5 232.8 S 3.82(ss)404.88 232.8 S 1.32(peci\214ed b) -416.48 232.8 R 1.32(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.82(nn).15 G(o)499 232.8 Q(ar) -189 244.8 Q(gument \(i.e., `)-.18 E(`Od')-.74 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(se)278.98 -244.8 S(qui)289.81 244.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to `).25 E(`Odi')-.74 E('\).) --.74 E 64.78(DI)117 261 S 2.736(fs)192.33 261 S .236(et, reb)202.286 261 R .236 -(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .235 -(If this option is not)5.236 F(set,)189 273 Q F2(sendmail)3.385 E F1 .885 -(will ne)3.385 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.385(rr).15 G(eb)292.96 273 Q .885 -(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F .885(xplicitly requested)-.15 F(using) -189 285 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(.)A(e)117 301.2 Q F2(x)A F1 -(Dispose of errors using mode)189 301.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he v)327.31 -301.2 Q(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E 15(pP)229 317.4 S -(rint error messages \(def)254.56 317.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)229 329.4 S 2.5 -(om)256.22 329.4 S(essages, just gi)271.5 329.4 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H -(it status).15 E 12.22(mM)229 341.4 S(ail back errors)257.89 341.4 Q 12.78(wW) -229 353.4 S(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))258.44 353.4 Q -15.56(eM)229 365.4 S(ail back errors and gi)257.89 365.4 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H -(ero e).15 E(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E(E)117 385.8 Q F2 -(\214le/messa)A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .549 -(Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)189 385.8 R .549(If it be) -5.549 F .549(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .107(it is assumed to be the pathname o\ -f a \214le containing a message \(this is the rec-)189 397.8 R 1.317 -(ommended setting\).)189 409.8 R 1.316(Otherwise, it is a literal message.) -6.317 F 1.316(The error \214le might)6.316 F .99 -(contain the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster)189 -421.8 R .429(who could pro)189 433.8 R .429(vide assistance in to end users.) --.15 F .428(If the option is missing or null,)5.429 F .342 -(or if it names a \214le which does not e)189 445.8 R .342 -(xist or which is not readable, no message)-.15 F(is printed.)189 457.8 Q 68.67 -(fS)117 474 S -2.25 -.2(av e)194.56 474 T 2.399 -(Unix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.)5.1 F 2.399 -(Normally the)7.399 F 4.899(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 474 Q -(assumed redundant and discarded.)189 486 Q(F)117 502.2 Q F2(mode)A F1 -(The \214le mode for queue \214les.)189 502.2 Q(g)117 518.4 Q F2(n)A F1 -(Set the def)189 518.4 Q(ault group id for mailers to run in to)-.1 E F2(n)2.5 -E F1 5(.D)C(ef)397.77 518.4 Q(aults to 1.)-.1 E 64.78(GA)117 534.6 S(llo)196.22 -534.6 Q 3.491(wf)-.25 G .991(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)220.571 534.6 -R .992(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.991 F .794(user name lookups f) -189 546.6 R .793(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 F F2 --.1(ge)3.293 G(tpw-).1 E(nam)189 558.6 Q F1 -.1(fa)3.701 G 1.201 -(ils\), sequentially search the passw).1 F 1.202 -(ord \214le for a matching entry in the)-.1 F 1.446(GECOS \214eld.)189 570.6 R -1.446(This also requires that MA)6.446 F 1.446(TCHGECOS be turned on during) --1.11 F 2.5(compilation. This)189 582.6 R(option is not recommended.)2.5 E(h) -117 598.8 Q F2(N)A F1 1.273(The maximum hop count.)189 598.8 R 1.274 -(Messages that ha)6.273 F 1.574 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.274(een processed more than) -.15 F F2(N)3.774 E F1(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)189 -610.8 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 25.)-.1 E(H)117 627 Q F2(\214le)A F1 -(Specify the help \214le for SMTP)189 627 Q(.)-1.11 E 69.22(iI)117 643.2 S -1.015(gnore dots in incoming messages.)192.33 643.2 R 1.014(This is al)6.014 F --.1(wa)-.1 G 1.014(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 F(al)189 655.2 Q -.1(wa) --.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E 68.67(II)117 671.4 S .619 -(nsist that the BIND name serv)192.33 671.4 R .619(er be running to resolv)-.15 -F 3.119(eh)-.15 G .62(ost names.)421.52 671.4 R .62(If this is)5.62 F .945 -(not set and the name serv)189 683.4 R .945(er is not running, the)-.15 F F2 -(/etc/hosts)3.445 E F1 .945(\214le will be consid-)3.445 F .187(ered complete.) -189 695.4 R .188(In general, you do w)5.187 F .188 -(ant to set this option if your)-.1 F F2(/etc/hosts)2.688 E F1(\214le)2.688 E -.412(does not include all hosts kno)189 707.4 R .412 -(wn to you or if you are using the MX \(mail for)-.25 F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)189 -719.4 S 2.03(rding\) feature of the BIND name serv).1 F(er)-.15 E 7.03(.T)-.55 -G 2.03(he name serv)385.96 719.4 R 2.03(er will still be)-.15 F EP -%%Page: 33 30 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-33)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .56(consulted e)189 96 R -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.06(ni).15 G 3.06(ft)254.71 96 S .56(his option is not set, b)263.88 96 -R(ut)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.06 E F1 .56 -(will feel free to resort to)3.06 F(reading)189 108 Q F2(/etc/hosts)3.052 E F1 -.552(if the name serv)3.052 F .553(er is not a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.053 -(ilable. Thus,).25 F .553(you should)3.053 F F2(ne)3.053 E(ver)-.15 E F1 -(set this option if you do not run the name serv)189 120 Q(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E -69.22(jI)117 136.2 S 3.129(fs)192.33 136.2 S .628 -(et, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1341 and RFC1344 for)202.679 -136.2 R(details\).)189 148.2 Q(J)117 164.4 Q F2(path)A F1 4.923 -(Set the path for searching for users' .forw)189 164.4 R 4.923(ard \214les.)-.1 -F 4.923(The def)9.923 F 4.923(ault is)-.1 F(\231$z/.forw)189 176.4 Q 2.869 -(ard\232. Some)-.1 F .368 -(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this)2.869 F .676 -(to \231/v)189 188.4 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .676 -(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a sys-)-.1 F -.925(tem directory)189 200.4 R 5.925(.I)-.65 G 3.425(tc)254.63 200.4 S .924 -(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)265.275 200.4 R F2 -(sendmail)189 212.4 Q F1 .645 -(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)3.145 F -.15 -(Fo)5.646 G 3.146(re).15 G(xam-)483.45 212.4 Q 1.535(ple, \231/v)189 224.4 R -(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E 1.535(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v) --.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2(username)A F1(and then in)189 236.4 Q F2 -(~username)2.5 E F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E -(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E(k)117 252.6 Q F2 -(N)A F1 .196 -(The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)189 -252.6 R(The)5.197 E(def)189 264.6 Q .567(ault is one.)-.1 F .567 -(This delays closing the the current connection until either this)5.567 F(in) -189 276.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .516 -(cation of sendmail needs to connect to another host or it terminates.).2 F -(Set-)5.516 E 1.959(ting it to zero def)189 288.6 R 1.959 -(aults to the old beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.458(,t)-.4 G 1.958 -(hat is, connections are closed)379.248 288.6 R(immediately)189 300.6 Q(.)-.65 -E(K)117 316.8 Q F2(timeout)A F1 .882 -(The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)189 -316.8 R 2.746(without acti)189 328.8 R(vity)-.25 E 7.746(.I)-.65 G 5.246(ft) -267.482 328.8 S 2.746(his time is e)278.838 328.8 R 2.746 -(xceeded, the connection is immediately)-.15 F 4.422(closed. This)189 340.8 R --.25(va)4.422 G 1.923(lue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).).25 -F(Before)6.923 E F0(sendmail)189 352.8 Q F1 1.084 -(uses a cached connection, it al)3.584 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.083 -(ys sends a NOOP \(no operation\)).1 F 2.058 -(command to check the connection; if this f)189 364.8 R 2.058 -(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .478(This k)189 376.8 R .478 -(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .478(ailing if the other end times out.)-.1 F .478 -(The point of this)5.478 F 3.099(option is to be a good netw)189 388.8 R 3.099 -(ork neighbor and a)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.1(id using up e).2 F(xcessi)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(resources on the other end.)189 400.8 Q(The def)5 E -(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)383.99 400.8 Q 69.22(lI)117 417 S -3.14(ft)192.33 417 S .64(here is an \231Errors-T)201.58 417 R .64 -(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.14(,s)-.4 G .64 -(end error messages to the addresses listed)333.53 417 R 3.95(there. The)189 -429 R 3.95(yn)-.15 G 1.451(ormally go to the en)247.29 429 R -.15(ve)-.4 G -1.451(lope sender).15 F 6.451(.U)-.55 G 1.451(se of this option causes)405.426 -429 R(sendmail to violate RFC 1123.)189 441 Q(L)117 457.2 Q F2(n)A F1 -(Set the def)189 457.2 Q(ault log le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)288.77 -457.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 5(.D)C(ef)315.99 457.2 Q(aults to 9.)-.1 E 64.22(mS)117 -473.4 S(end to me too, e)194.56 473.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa) -278.04 473.4 S 2.5(mi)294.14 473.4 S 2.5(na)307.2 473.4 S 2.5(na)319.14 473.4 S -(lias e)331.08 473.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(M)117 489.6 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 -E F1 1.313(Set the macro)189 489.6 R F2(x)3.812 E F1(to)3.812 E F2(value)3.812 -E F1 6.312(.T)C 1.312(his is intended only for use from the command)306.854 -489.6 R(line.)189 501.6 Q 67(nV)117 517.8 S -(alidate the RHS of aliases when reb)195.11 517.8 Q -(uilding the alias database.)-.2 E 67(oA)117 534 S 1.786 -(ssume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.) -196.22 534 R .433(This actually turns on an adapti)189 546 R .733 -.15(ve a) --.25 H .433(lgorithm: if an).15 F 2.932(yr)-.15 G .432 -(ecipient address contains)403.156 546 R 5.089(ac)189 558 S 2.589 -(omma, parenthesis, or angle brack)202.969 558 R 2.589 -(et, it will be assumed that commas)-.1 F .485(already e)189 570 R 2.985 -(xist. If)-.15 F .485(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.985 F -.484(Headers are)5.484 F(al)189 582 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G -(ys output with commas between the names.).1 E(O)117 598.2 Q F2(options)A F1 -(Set serv)189 598.2 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E(The options are)5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 -G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G -(re:)488.82 598.2 Q 52.83(Port Name/number)229 614.4 R(of listening port \(def) -2.5 E(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)229 626.4 R(mask \(def)2.5 E -(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)229 638.4 S 41.31(mily Address).15 F --.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E 44.5(Listen Size)229 650.4 R -(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))-.1 E(The)189 666.6 Q F2(Addr)4.113 -E F1 1.614(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)B(ork) --.1 E(name.)189 678.6 Q(p)117 694.8 Q F2(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.221 -(Set the pri)189 694.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.871 E F1 3.721 -(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.701 -.74('' i).15 H 3.721 -(sr).74 G 1.221(eally a misnomer; man)351.856 694.8 R 3.721(yo)-.15 G 3.72(ft) -460.47 694.8 S 1.22(hese are)470.3 694.8 R 2.418(just a w)189 706.8 R 2.418 -(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)7.419 E -F2(opt)189 718.8 Q F1(ions can be selected from:)A EP -%%Page: 34 31 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 40.26 -(public Allo)229 96 R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)329.01 96 Q 11.38 -(needmailhelo Insist)229 108 R(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E(neede) -229 120 Q 9.87(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E -(noe)229 132 Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)341.23 132 Q -12.5(needvrfyhelo Insist)229 144 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E -(no)229 156 Q 38.75(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)342.34 156 Q -14.71(restrictmailq Restrict)229 168 R(mailq command)2.5 E(goa)229 180 Q -.1 -(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)303.98 180 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G -(ssentially all SMTP status queries)339.56 180 Q 1.768(The \231goa)189 196.2 R --.1(wa)-.15 G 1.768(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F 1.768 -(xcept \231restrictmailq\232.)-.15 F 1.768(If mailq is)6.768 F .688(restricted\ -, only people in the same group as the queue directory can print the)189 208.2 -R(queue.)189 220.2 Q(P)117 236.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(postmaster)A F1 -1.115(If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)189 236.4 R F2 -(postmaster)3.614 E F1 6.114(.O)C(nly)491.22 236.4 Q .397(the header of the f) -189 248.4 R .398(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .398 -(Since most errors are user problems,)5.398 F .564 -(this is probably not a good idea on lar)189 260.4 R .563(ge sites, and ar)-.18 -F .563(guably contains all sorts)-.18 F .05(of pri)189 272.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.35 -.15(cy v).25 H .05(iolations, b).15 F .05 -(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems)-.2 F -.15(ve)189 -284.4 S(ndors.).15 E(q)117 300.6 Q F2(factor)A F1(Use)189 300.6 Q F2(factor) -3.098 E F1 .597 -(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)3.098 F -.425(up jobs rather than run them.)189 312.6 R .425(This v)5.425 F .425 -(alue is di)-.25 F .426(vided by the dif)-.25 F .426(ference between)-.25 F -1.064(the current load a)189 324.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage and the load a) -.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage limit \().15 F F0(x)A F1 1.063 -(\215ag\) to determine the)3.564 F(maximum message priority that will be sent.) -189 336.6 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(Q)117 352.8 Q F2(dir)A F1 -(Use the named)189 352.8 Q F2(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 -E(r)117 369 Q F2(timeouts)1.666 E F1 -.35(Ti)189 369 S 3.938(meout reads after) -.35 F F2(time)6.438 E F1(interv)6.438 E 6.438(al. The)-.25 F F2(timeouts)6.438 -E F1(ar)6.438 E 3.938(gument is a list of)-.18 F F2 -.1(ke)189 381 S(ywor)-.2 E -(d=value)-.37 E F1 3.61(pairs. The)3.61 F 1.11 -(recognized timeouts and their def)3.61 F 1.11(ault v)-.1 F 1.11(alues, and) --.25 F(their minimum v)189 393 Q -(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 23.6(initial w)229 -409.2 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72(helo reply)229 -421.2 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16(mail reply)229 433.2 R -(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39(rcpt reply)229 445.2 R -(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94(datainit reply)229 457.2 R(to D)2.5 E --1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)229 469.2 R -(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)229 481.2 R(to \214nal `)2.5 -E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G(ata [1h, 10m])363.47 481.2 Q 32.5 -(rset reply)229 493.2 R(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)229 -505.2 R(to Q)2.5 E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)229 517.2 R -(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 7.5(command command)229 529.2 R -(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E .798(All b)189 545.4 R .798 -(ut \231command\232 apply to client SMTP)-.2 F 5.798(.F)-1.11 G .798 -(or back compatibility)373.406 545.4 R 3.299(,at)-.65 G(imeout)476.22 545.4 Q -(with no `)189 557.4 Q(`k)-.74 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G(rd=').1 E 2.5('p) --.74 G(art will set all of the longer v)281.4 557.4 Q(alues.)-.25 E 65.33(RN) -117 573.6 S(ormally)196.22 573.6 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)4.154 E F1 1.653 -(tries to eliminate an)4.154 F 4.153(yu)-.15 G 1.653(nnecessary e)371.721 573.6 -R 1.653(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .931 -(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)189 585.6 R --.15(Fo)5.931 G 3.431(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 585.6 Q -(when sending an error message to)189 597.6 Q(<@kno)229 613.8 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 E -(wn2,@unkno)-.25 E(wn:user@kno)-.25 E(wn3>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)189 630 Q F1 .46 -(will strip of)2.96 F 2.96(ft)-.25 G .46(he \231@kno)284.48 630 R .46 -(wn1\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 2.96(et)-.1 G .46(he route as direct as)422.74 -630 R 3.429(possible. Ho)189 642 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.729 -.4(r, i).15 -H 3.429(ft).4 G(he)284.057 642 Q F0(R)3.429 E F1 .929 -(option is set, this will be disabled, and the mail)3.429 F .362 -(will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)189 654 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.862(ni).15 G 2.862(fl)391.452 654 S .362(ater addresses are kno)400.424 654 R -(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)189 666 Q -.1 -(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E 68.11(sB)117 682.2 S 2.729(es)195.67 682.2 S(uper)206.729 -682.2 Q .229(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .229 -(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .739 -(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)189 694.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E -(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.739 E F1(al)3.239 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .739(ys instantiates) -.1 F(the queue \214le before returning control the the client under an)189 -706.2 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G(ircumstances.)444.07 706.2 Q EP -%%Page: 35 32 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-35)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(S)117 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(\214le)A F1(Log statistics in the named)189 96 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(t)117 -112.2 Q F2(S,D)A F1 .798(Set the local time zone name to)189 112.2 R F2(S)3.299 -E F1 .799(for standard time and)3.299 F F2(D)3.299 E F1 .799 -(for daylight time;)3.299 F(this is only used under v)189 124.2 Q(ersion six.) --.15 E(T)117 140.4 Q F2(rtime/wtime)A F1 1.604(Set the queue timeout to)189 -140.4 R F2(rtime)4.103 E F1 6.603(.A)C 1.603(fter this interv)334.172 140.4 R -1.603(al, messages that ha)-.25 F 1.903 -.15(ve n)-.2 H(ot).15 E 1.251 -(been successfully sent will be returned to the sender)189 152.4 R 6.252(.D) --.55 G(ef)422.724 152.4 Q 1.252(aults to \214v)-.1 F 3.752(ed)-.15 G(ays.) -488.17 152.4 Q .546(The optional)189 164.4 R F2(wtime)3.046 E F1 .546 -(is the time after which a w)3.046 F .546(arning message is sent.)-.1 F .546 -(If it is)5.546 F(missing or zero then no w)189 176.4 Q -(arning messages are sent.)-.1 E(u)117 192.6 Q F2(n)A F1 .175(Set the def)189 -192.6 R .175(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(n)2.675 E F1 5.175(.M)C .175 -(ailers without the)355.28 192.6 R F2(S)2.676 E F1 .176(\215ag in the mailer) -2.676 F(de\214nition will run as this user)189 204.6 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)322.34 -204.6 Q(aults to 1.)-.1 E(U)117 220.8 Q F2(udbspec)A F1 -(The user database speci\214cation.)189 220.8 Q 67(vR)117 237 S .412(un in v) -195.67 237 R .412(erbose mode.)-.15 F .412(If this is set,)5.412 F F2(sendmail) -2.911 E F1 .411(adjusts options)2.911 F F0(c)2.911 E F1(\(don')2.911 E 2.911 -(tc)-.18 G(onnect)477.34 237 Q .427(to e)189 249 R(xpensi)-.15 E .727 -.15 -(ve m)-.25 H .427(ailers\) and).15 F F0(d)2.927 E F1(\(deli)2.928 E -.15(ve) --.25 G .428(ry mode\) so that all mail is deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .428 -(red com-).15 F .048 -(pletely in a single job so that you can see the entire deli)189 261 R -.15(ve) --.25 G .048(ry process.).15 F(Option)5.048 E F0(v)2.548 E F1(should)189 273 Q -F2(ne)3.389 E(ver)-.15 E F1 .889 -(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is intended for command line)3.389 F -(use only)189 285 Q(.)-.65 E(V)117 301.2 Q F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .964 -(If speci\214ed, the)189 301.2 R F2(fallbac)3.464 E(khost)-.2 E F1 .964 -(acts lik)3.464 F 3.464(eav)-.1 G .964(ery lo)358.608 301.2 R 3.464(wp)-.25 G -.964(riority MX on e)398.056 301.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .963(ry host.).15 F -(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)189 313.2 Q(ork connecti) --.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E(x)117 329.4 Q F2(LA)A F1 .108 -(When the system load a)189 329.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .108(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 -E F2(LA)2.608 E F1 2.608(,j)C .109(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')367.546 -329.4 R 2.609(tt)-.18 G(ry)495.67 329.4 Q(to send them\).)189 341.4 Q(Def)5 E -(aults to 8.)-.1 E(X)117 357.6 Q F2(LA)A F1 1.251(When the system load a)189 -357.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.251(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.751 E F1 3.751 -(,r)C 1.251(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)376.097 357.6 R 2.5(tions. Def)189 -369.6 R(aults to 12.)-.1 E(y)117 385.8 Q F2(fact)A F1 .621(The indicated)189 -385.8 R F2(fact)3.121 E F1 .621(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2 -(lowering)3.122 E F1 .622(the priority of the)3.122 F 1.384 -(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)189 397.8 R 1.383 -(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F 1.383(ge numbers of)-.18 F 2.5 -(recipients. Def)189 409.8 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E 64.78(YI)117 426 S 3.346(fs) -192.33 426 S .846(et, deli)202.896 426 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.346(re).15 G .847 -(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)251.118 426 R(Use) -5.847 E .037(this option if you are short of memory)189 438 R 2.536(,s)-.65 G -.036(ince the def)350.024 438 R .036(ault tends to consume con-)-.1 F -(siderable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)189 450 Q(z) -117 466.2 Q F2(fact)A F1 1.644(The indicated)189 466.2 R F2(fact)4.144 E F1 -1.645(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .923 -(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)189 478.2 R F0(P)3.423 E F1 -.923(lines in the con\214guration \214le\))3.423 F .819 -(and subtracted from the priority)189 490.2 R 5.819(.T)-.65 G .819 -(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will)333.255 490.2 R(be f)189 502.2 Q --.2(avo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E(Z)117 518.4 Q F2(fact)A F1 -(The)189 518.4 Q F2(fact)3.346 E F1 .846(or is added to the priority e)B -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .846(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .845(Thus, each)5.845 F .942 -(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)189 -530.4 R(alue.)-.25 E .297(In most en)189 542.4 R .296 -(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.796(,s).15 G .296 -(ince hosts that are do)378.614 542.4 R .296(wn are all)-.25 F(too often do)189 -554.4 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E 67(7S)117 -570.6 S .278(trip input to se)194.56 570.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.778(nb).15 G .278 -(its for compatibility with old systems.)275.272 570.6 R .279(This shouldn') -5.279 F 2.779(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 570.6 Q(necessary)189 582.6 Q(.)-.65 E .78 -(All options can be speci\214ed on the command line using the \255o \215ag, b) -117 598.8 R .779(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)3.279 E(mail)117 610.8 Q F1 -.324(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)2.824 F .325 -(The options that will not cause this are b, d, e, E, i, L,)5.325 F .217 -(m, o, p, r)117 622.8 R 2.717(,s)-.4 G 2.717(,v)162.468 622.8 S 2.717(,C) -172.035 622.8 S 2.717(,a)183.922 622.8 S .217(nd 7.)193.579 622.8 R .216 -(Also, M \(de\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also consid-) -5.216 F(ered \231safe\232.)117 634.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.7. P)102 658.8 R 2.5<8a70>2.5 -G -.18(re)156.17 658.8 S(cedence de\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)142 675 S .304 -(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)1.11 F F0 -(P)2.805 E F1 .305(control line.)2.805 F .305(The syntax of)5.305 F -(this \214eld is:)117 687 Q F0(P)157 703.2 Q F2(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 1.779 -(When the)117 719.4 R F2(name)4.279 E F1 1.779 -(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)4.279 F -F2(num)4.278 E F1 6.778(.H)C(igher)483.45 719.4 Q EP -%%Page: 36 33 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .81 -(numbers mean higher precedence.)117 96 R .81(Numbers less than zero ha)5.81 F -1.11 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .81(he special property that if an).15 F .486(error occur\ -s during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)117 -108 R .485(xpected to)-.15 F 1.704(be used for \231b)117 120 R 1.705 -(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F 1.705(The def)6.705 F 1.705 -(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)6.705 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 132 S -(ample, our list of precedences is:).15 E(P\214rst-class=0)157 148.2 Q -(Pspecial-deli)157 160.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry=100).15 E(Plist=\25530)157 172.2 Q -(Pb)157 184.2 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E(Pjunk=\255100)157 196.2 Q .8 -(People writing mailing list e)117 212.4 R .799 -(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F .799(Older v) -5.799 F(ersions)-.15 E(of)117 224.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.759 E -F1 1.259(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.759 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti) -.05 E 1.559 -.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.259(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.76(tr)-.18 G 1.26 -(ecognize this)450.25 224.4 R .255(name, gi)117 236.4 R .255(ving it a def)-.25 -F .255(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .254(This allo)5.254 F .254 -(ws list maintainers to see error returns on)-.25 F(both old and ne)117 248.4 Q -2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)193.26 248.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5 -(5.1.8. V)102 272.4 R 2.5<8a63>2.5 G(on\214guration v)156.16 272.4 Q(ersion le) --.1 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 2.11 -.8(To p)142 288.6 T(ro).8 E .51 -(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)3.01 E F1 -.51(line has been added to de\214ne)3.01 F .173(some v)117 300.6 R .173 -(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F .172 -(These are not intended to be long term sup-)5.173 F 1.84(ports; rather)117 -312.6 R 4.34(,t)-.4 G(he)176.66 312.6 Q 4.34(yd)-.15 G 1.84 -(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)200.29 312.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 4.34(di).15 G 4.34(nf)470.78 312.6 S(uture)483.45 312.6 Q(releases.) -117 324.6 Q .031(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)142 -340.8 R .031(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.531(lo).15 G 2.531(ne. V)359.438 -340.8 R .031(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.53(lt).15 G .23 -.1(wo \214) -433.84 340.8 T .03(les mak).1 F 2.53(et)-.1 G(he)494.56 340.8 Q(follo)117 352.8 -Q(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)122 369 R .757(name canoni\214cation \(\ -$[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this gi)3.256 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(s).15 E .903(the con\214g \214le a w)148.66 381 R .903 -(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 F .903(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)5.903 E -3.403(,t)-.65 G .902(his just initializes)432.186 381 R .424 -(the \231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)148.66 393 R 5.424<9a8d>-.7 G .424 -(ag \212 you can reset it to an)280.014 393 R .424(ything you prefer by declar) --.15 F(-)-.2 E(ing the map e)148.66 405 Q(xplicitly)-.15 E(.\))-.65 E 12.5 -(\(2\) Def)122 421.2 R .436(ault host name e)-.1 F .435 -(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)-.15 F .435(ersion le)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.935(lo).15 G .435(ne con-)473.855 421.2 R .828 -(\214gurations turned of)148.66 433.2 R 3.328(fd)-.25 G .828(omain e)243.384 -433.2 R .828(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during)-.15 F -.597(certain points in processing.)148.66 445.2 R -1.11(Ve)5.597 G .597 -(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.097(lt).15 G .797 -.1(wo c)326.822 445.2 T -.597(on\214gurations are e).1 F .596(xpected to include a)-.15 F -(trailing dot to indicate that the name is already canonical.)148.66 457.2 Q -12.5(\(3\) Local)122 473.4 R .176 -(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.675 F 2.676(wd)-.25 G -.176(istinguished ruleset \214v)388.892 473.4 R .176(e; this)-.15 F .797 -(can be used to append a local relay)148.66 485.4 R 5.797(.T)-.65 G .797 -(his beha)307.676 485.4 R .796(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .796 -(nted by resolving the).15 F .62(local name with an initial `@'.)148.66 497.4 R -.621(That is, something that resolv)5.62 F .621(es to a local mailer and a)-.15 -F .844(user name of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)148.66 -509.4 R .843(e, b)-.15 F .843(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232)-.2 F .328 -(will ha)148.66 521.4 R .628 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .328 -(he `@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v).15 F .328(e, b)-.15 -F .328(ut will otherwise be)-.2 F 1.509(treated the same as the prior e)148.66 -533.4 R 4.009(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.009 G 1.508 -(pectation is that this might be used to).15 F .907(implement a polic)148.66 -545.4 R 3.407(yw)-.15 G .907(here mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)238.171 545.4 R -.908(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .908(ut mail)-.2 F -(sent to \231vikki@localhost\232 w)148.66 557.4 Q(as deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)142 573.6 S .229(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.729(lt).15 G .229(hree \214les allo)199.828 573.6 R 2.729(w#i)-.25 G -.228(nitiated comments on all lines.)274.374 573.6 R .228 -(Exceptions are backslash)5.228 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)117 585.6 -Q F0 2.5(5.1.9. K)102 609.6 R 2.5<8a6b>2.5 G(ey \214le declaration)157.74 609.6 -Q F1(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)142 625.8 Q -(Kmapname mapclass ar)157 642 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)117 658.2 Q F2(mapname)3.443 -E F1 .944(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)3.443 F .944 -(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.944 E F2(map-)3.444 E(class)117 670.2 Q F1 .301 -(is the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to sendmail.)2.801 F(The) -5.3 E F2(ar)2.8 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .3(are inter)2.8 F(-)-.2 E .569 -(preted depending on the class; typically)117 682.2 R 3.069(,t)-.65 G .569 -(here w)286.134 682.2 R .569(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .57 -(gument naming the \214le con-)-.18 F(taining the map.)117 694.2 Q -(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)142 710.4 Q EP -%%Page: 37 34 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-37)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF($\()157 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(map k)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E -F2(default)2.5 E F1($\))2.5 E .797(where either or both of the)117 112.2 R F2 -(ar)3.297 E(guments)-.37 E F1(or)3.297 E F2(default)3.297 E F1 .796 -(portion may be omitted.)3.297 F(The)5.796 E F2(ar)3.296 E(guments)-.37 E F1 -(may)3.296 E .205(appear more than once.)117 124.2 R .205(The indicated)5.205 F -F2 -.1(ke)2.705 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)2.705 E F2(ar)2.705 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .205 -(are passed to the appropriate mapping)2.705 F 2.503(function. If)117 136.2 R -.003(it returns a v)2.503 F .003(alue, it replaces the input.)-.25 F .003 -(If it does not return a v)5.003 F .003(alue and the)-.25 F F2(default)2.503 E -F1(is)2.503 E(speci\214ed, the)117 148.2 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1 -(replaces the input.)2.5 E(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E .159 -(During replacement of either a map v)142 164.4 R .159(alue or def)-.25 F .159 -(ault the string \231%)-.1 F F2(n)A F1 2.66<9a28>C(where)421.82 164.4 Q F2(n) -2.66 E F1 .16(is a digit\) is)2.66 F .204(replaced by the corresponding)117 -176.4 R F2(ar)2.704 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5.204(.A)C -.18(rg)294 176.4 S .204 -(ument zero is al).18 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .204(ys the database k).1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -5.203(.F)-.5 G .203(or e)468.127 176.4 R(xam-)-.15 E(ple, the rule)117 188.4 Q -(R$- ! $+)157 204.6 Q($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))265 204.6 Q -.436(Looks up the UUCP name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it \ -turns it into \231.UUCP\232)117 220.8 R 2.5(form. The)117 232.8 R -(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)157 249 Q 77.43 -(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)157 261 R(TT)-1.11 E(.COM)-.74 -E 2.065(The b)142 281.4 R 2.064(uilt in map with both name and class \231host\ -\232 is the host name canonicalization)-.2 F 2.5(lookup. Thus,)117 293.4 R -(the syntax:)2.5 E($\(host)157 309.6 Q F2(hostname)2.5 E F1($\))A(is equi)117 -325.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)157 342 Q F2(hostname)A F1($])A 1.783 -(There are four prede\214ned database lookup classes: \231dbm\232, \231btree\ -\232, \231hash\232, and \231nis\232.)142 362.4 R .569 -(The \214rst requires that sendmail be compiled with the)117 374.4 R F0(ndbm) -3.069 E F1 .568(library; the second tw)3.069 F 3.068(or)-.1 G .568(equire the) -463.722 374.4 R F0(db)117 386.4 Q F1(library)3.198 E 3.198(,a)-.65 G .698 -(nd the third requires that sendmail be compiled with NIS support.)167.466 -386.4 R .698(All four accept)5.698 F(as ar)117 398.4 Q -(guments the some optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for NIS\).) --.18 E(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)117 414.6 R .21 -(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is) -2.71 F(produced, and sendmail will beha)189 426.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si) -.15 G 2.5(ft)348.9 426.6 S(he map e)357.51 426.6 Q(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E -(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E 56.64(\255N Normally)117 442.8 R .515 -(when maps are written, the trailing null byte is not included as part)3.015 F -.8(of the k)189 454.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.8(.I)-.5 G 3.3(ft)241.32 454.8 S .799 -(his \215ag is indicated it will be included.)250.73 454.8 R .799 -(During lookups, only)5.799 F(the null-byte-included form will be searched.)189 -466.8 Q(See also)5 E F0(\255O.)2.5 E F1 56.64(\255O If)117 483 R(neither)4.388 -E F0<ad4e>4.388 E F1(or)4.388 E F0<ad4f>4.388 E F1 1.888(are speci\214ed,)4.388 -F F2(sendmail)4.388 E F1 1.889(uses an adapti)4.388 F 2.189 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -1.889(lgorithm to).15 F 1.025 -(decide whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)189 495 R -.15 -(ey)-.1 G 3.525(s. It).15 F 1.025(starts by)3.525 F .922 -(trying both; if it \214nds an)189 507 R 3.422(yk)-.15 G 1.222 -.15(ey w)304.29 -507 T .922(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.422(rt).15 G .922 -(ries ag)422.684 507 R .922(ain without a)-.05 F .124(null byte and vice v)189 -519 R 2.623(ersa. If)-.15 F .123(this \215ag is speci\214ed, it ne)2.623 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.623(rt).15 G .123(ries with a null byte;)421.288 519 R .748 -(this can speed matches b)189 531 R .748(ut is ne)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.249 -(rn).15 G(ecessary)341.667 531 Q 5.749(.I)-.65 G 3.249(fb)386.466 531 S(oth) -398.045 531 Q F0<ad4e>3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0<ad4f>3.249 E F1 .749 -(are speci-)3.249 F(\214ed,)189 543 Q F2(sendmail)4.349 E F1 1.849(will ne) -4.349 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.349(rt).15 G 1.849(ry an)300.156 543 R 4.349(ym)-.15 G -1.848(atches at all \212 that is, e)339.254 543 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.848 -(rything will).15 F(appear to f)189 555 Q(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>117 571.2 Q F2(x)A F1 -.649(Append the character)189 571.2 R F2(x)3.149 E F1 .649 -(on successful matches.)3.149 F -.15(Fo)5.649 G 3.149(re).15 G .649 -(xample, the def)406.052 571.2 R(ault)-.1 E F2(host)3.15 E F1 -(map appends a dot on successful matches.)189 583.2 Q 60.53(\255f F)117 599.4 R -(old upper to lo)-.15 E(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -(.)-.5 E 56.08(\255m Match)117 615.6 R .085(only \(without replacing the v) -2.585 F 2.585(alue\). If)-.25 F .085(you only care about the e)2.585 F -(xistence)-.15 E 2.618(of a k)189 627.6 R 2.918 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 2.618 -(nd not the v).15 F 2.619(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F -.447(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)189 639.6 R .447(xample\), this \215ag pre)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .447(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25(va)189 651.6 -S 4.935(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.235 -.4(r, T).15 H 2.436 -(he \255a ar).4 F 2.436(gument is still appended on a match, and the)-.18 F -(def)189 663.6 Q(ault is still tak)-.1 E(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E -(The)142 679.8 Q F2(dbm)3.874 E F1 1.374 -(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.874 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.874<6e8c>.15 G 1.374(lename; the tw)420.268 679.8 R(o)-.1 E F2(db) -3.874 E F1(-)A(based maps append \231.db\232.)117 691.8 Q .022(The program)142 -708 R F2(mak)2.522 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .023(\(8\) can be used to b)B .023(uild an) --.2 F 2.523(yo)-.15 G 2.523(ft)353.095 708 S .023 -(he three database-oriented maps.)361.728 708 R(It)5.023 E(tak)117 720 Q -(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E EP -%%Page: 38 35 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 60.53(\255f Do) -117 96 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64 -(\255N Include)117 112.2 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 58.86 -(\255o Append)117 128.4 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)-.15 E 60.53 -(\255r Allo)117 144.6 R 3.479(wr)-.25 G .979(eplacement of e)220.559 144.6 R -.979(xisting k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .979(s; normally).15 F 3.479(,r)-.65 G .979 -(e-inserting an e)385.494 144.6 R .979(xisting k)-.15 F 1.279 -.15(ey i)-.1 H -(s).15 E(an error)189 156.6 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)117 172.8 R -(what is happening.)2.5 E(There are also tw)142 189 Q 2.5(ob)-.1 G -(uiltin maps that are, strictly speaking, not database lookups.)223.34 189 Q -1.563(The \231host\232 map does host domain canoni\214cation; gi)142 205.2 R --.15(ve)-.25 G 4.063(nah).15 G 1.563(ost name it calls the name)392.585 205.2 R -(serv)117 217.2 Q(er to \214nd the canonical name for that host.)-.15 E .106 -(The \231dequote\232 map strips double quotes \("\) from a name.)142 233.4 R -.106(It does not strip backslashes.)5.106 F(It)5.106 E 1.838 -(will not strip quotes if the resulting string w)117 245.4 R 1.838 -(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .601(errors lik)117 -257.4 R 3.101(eu)-.1 G .601(nbalanced angle brack)166.422 257.4 R .601 -(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F .6(wn hosts are not)-.25 F -(check)117 269.4 Q 3.398(ed\). The)-.1 F .899 -(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from systems such as DECnet that) -3.398 F(routinely quote odd syntax such as)117 281.4 Q("49ers::ubell")157 297.6 -Q 2.5(At)117 313.8 S(ypical usage is probably something lik)129.5 313.8 Q(e:) --.1 E(Kdequote dequote)157 330 Q(...)157 354 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)157 378 R -($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)157 390 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)265 390 Q -(Care must be tak)117 406.2 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E -(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E("|someprogram < input > output") -157 422.4 Q .084(will ha)117 438.6 R .384 -.15(ve q)-.2 H .083 -(uotes stripped, b).15 F .083 -(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)5.083 G .083 -(rtunately these).15 F(cases are rare.)117 450.6 Q(Ne)142 466.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G -(lasses can be added in the routine)167.57 466.8 Q F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1 -(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.2. Building)87 490.8 R -2.5(aC)2.5 G(on\214guration File Fr)160.91 490.8 Q(om Scratch)-.18 E F1 1.517 -(Building a con\214guration table from scratch is an e)127 507 R 1.518 -(xtremely dif)-.15 F 1.518(\214cult job)-.25 F 6.518(.F)-.4 G(ortunately) -441.334 507 Q 4.018(,i)-.65 G 4.018(ti)490.532 507 S(s)500.11 507 Q 1.855 -(almost ne)102 519 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.355(rn).15 G 1.855 -(ecessary to do so; nearly e)164.19 519 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.855 -(ry situation that may come up may be resolv).15 F 1.855(ed by)-.15 F .416 -(changing an e)102 531 R .416(xisting table.)-.15 F .416(In an)5.416 F 2.916 -(yc)-.15 G .416 -(ase, it is critical that you understand what it is that you are try-)248.616 -531 R 1.151(ing to do and come up with a philosoph)102 543 R 3.651(yf)-.05 G -1.151(or the con\214guration table.)281.472 543 R 1.151 -(This section is intended to)6.151 F -.15(ex)102 555 S .67 -(plain what the real purpose of a con\214guration table is and to gi).15 F .97 --.15(ve y)-.25 H .67(ou some ideas for what your).15 F(philosoph)102 567 Q 2.5 -(ym)-.05 G(ight be.)156.68 567 Q F0 1.32(Do not e)127 583.2 R -.1(ve)-.15 G -3.82(nc).1 G(onsider)188.2 583.2 Q F1 1.32(writing your o)3.82 F 1.32 -(wn con\214guration \214le without carefully studying RFC)-.25 F -(821, 822, and 1123.)102 595.2 Q -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G -(hould also read RFC 976 if you are doing UUCP e)208.95 595.2 Q(xchange.)-.15 E -F0 2.5(5.2.1. What)102 619.2 R -.25(yo)2.5 G 2.5(ua).25 G .36 -.18(re t)178.7 -619.2 T(rying to do).18 E F1 .82 -(The con\214guration table has three major purposes.)142 635.4 R .821 -(The \214rst and simplest is to set up the)5.821 F(en)117 647.4 Q .35 -(vironment for)-.4 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.85 E F1 5.35(.T)C .35 -(his in)234.58 647.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv).2 E .35 -(es setting the options, de\214ning a fe)-.15 F 2.85(wc)-.25 G .35 -(ritical macros, etc.)429.43 647.4 R(Since these are described in other places\ -, we will not go into more detail here.)117 659.4 Q .283 -(The second purpose is to re)142 675.6 R .284(write addresses in the message.) --.25 F .284(This should typically be done)5.284 F .214(in tw)117 687.6 R 2.714 -(op)-.1 G 2.713(hases. The)150.108 687.6 R .213 -(\214rst phase maps addresses in an)2.713 F 2.713(yf)-.15 G .213 -(ormat into a canonical form.)337.182 687.6 R .213(This should)5.213 F .156 -(be done in ruleset three.)117 699.6 R .157 -(The second phase maps this canonical form into the syntax appropriate)5.156 F -1.998(for the recei)117 711.6 R 1.997(ving mailer)-.25 F(.)-.55 E F2(Sendmail) -6.997 E F1 1.997(does this in three subphases.)4.497 F 1.997 -(Rulesets one and tw)6.997 F 4.497(oa)-.1 G(re)496.23 711.6 Q .043 -(applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 723.6 R -.15(ve) --.25 G(ly).15 E 5.043(.A)-.65 G .043(fter this, you may specify per)357.904 -723.6 R(-mailer)-.2 E EP -%%Page: 39 36 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-39)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.723 -(rulesets for both sender and recipient addresses; this allo)117 96 R 2.723 -(ws mailer)-.25 F 2.723(-speci\214c customization.)-.2 F(Finally)117 108 Q 2.5 -(,r)-.65 G(uleset four is applied to do an)153.02 108 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)283.69 -108 Q(ault con)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion to e).15 E(xternal form.)-.15 E .785(\ -The third purpose is to map addresses into the actual set of instructions nece\ -ssary to get)142 124.2 R .154(the message deli)117 136.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654 -(red. Ruleset).15 F .154(zero must resolv)2.654 F 2.654(et)-.15 G 2.654(ot) -321.658 136.2 S .153(he internal form, which is in turn used as a)332.092 136.2 -R .446(pointer to a mailer descriptor)117 148.2 R 5.446(.T)-.55 G .446 -(he mailer descriptor describes the interf)248.38 148.2 R .447 -(ace requirements of the)-.1 F(mailer)117 160.2 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(5.2.2. Philosoph)102 184.2 R(y)-.15 E F1 1.481(The particular philosoph)142 -200.4 R 3.981(yy)-.05 G 1.481(ou choose will depend hea)257.213 200.4 R 1.481 -(vily on the size and structure of)-.2 F .55(your or)117 212.4 R -.05(ga)-.18 G -3.05(nization. I).05 F .55(will present a fe)3.05 F 3.05(wp)-.25 G .55 -(ossible philosophies here.)283.39 212.4 R .55(There are as man)5.55 F 3.05(yp) --.15 G(hiloso-)476.22 212.4 Q -(phies as there are con\214g designers; feel free to de)117 224.4 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G(lop your o).15 E(wn.)-.25 E .388 -(One general point applies to all of these philosophies: it is almost al)142 -240.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .388(ys a mistak).1 F 2.888(et)-.1 G 2.888(ot)485.002 -240.6 S(ry)495.67 240.6 Q .176(to do full host route resolution.)117 252.6 R --.15(Fo)5.176 G 2.676(re).15 G .176 -(xample, if you are on a UUCP-only site and you are trying)267.652 252.6 R -1.223(to get names of the form \231user@host\232 to the Internet, it does not \ -pay to route them to \231xyz-)117 264.6 R -.25(va)117 276.6 S(x!decv).25 E -(ax!ucb)-.25 E -.25(va)-.15 G .304 -(x!c70!user@host\232 since you then depend on se).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .305 -(ral links not under your con-).15 F .996(trol, some of which are lik)117 288.6 -R .996(ely to misparse it an)-.1 F(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.996(.T)-.65 G .996 -(he best approach to this problem is to)347.32 288.6 R 1.048(simply forw)117 -300.6 R 1.048(ard the message for \231user@host\232 to \231xyzv)-.1 F 1.049 -(ax\232 and let xyzv)-.25 F 1.049(ax w)-.25 F 1.049(orry about it from)-.1 F -3.606(there. In)117 312.6 R(summary)3.606 E 3.606(,j)-.65 G 1.106 -(ust get the message closer to the destination, rather than determining the) -202.988 312.6 R(full path.)117 324.6 Q F0 2.5(5.2.2.1. Lar)117 348.6 R -(ge site, many hosts \212 minimum inf)-.1 E(ormation)-.25 E F1(Berk)157 364.8 Q -(ele)-.1 E 3.018(yi)-.15 G 3.018(sa)198.648 364.8 S 3.018(ne)209.996 364.8 S -.518(xample of a lar)222.304 364.8 R .518(ge site, i.e., more than tw)-.18 F -3.018(oo)-.1 G 3.018(rt)400.266 364.8 S .519(hree hosts and multiple)409.394 -364.8 R .444(mail connections.)132 376.8 R 2.044 -.8(We h)5.444 H -2.25 -.2 -(av e).8 H .443(decided that the only reasonable philosoph)3.144 F 2.943(yi) --.05 G 2.943(no)429.634 376.8 S .443(ur en)442.577 376.8 R(vironment)-.4 E .312 -(is to designate one host as the guru for our site.)132 388.8 R .312 -(It must be able to resolv)5.312 F 2.812(ea)-.15 G .612 -.15(ny p)438.504 388.8 -T .312(iece of mail).15 F 1.083(it recei)132 400.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.583 -(s. The).15 F 1.083(other sites should ha)3.583 F 1.383 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.083 -(he minimum amount of information the).15 F 3.582(yc)-.15 G 1.082(an get) -478.758 400.8 R -2.3 -.15(aw a)132 412.8 T 2.635(yw).15 G 2.635(ith. In)162.705 -412.8 R .135(addition, an)2.635 F 2.635(yi)-.15 G .135(nformation the)249.485 -412.8 R 2.635(yd)-.15 G 2.635(oh)321.265 412.8 S -2.25 -.2(av e)333.9 412.8 T -.136(should be hints rather than solid infor)2.835 F(-)-.2 E(mation.)132 424.8 -Q -.15(Fo)157 441 S 6.71(re).15 G 4.209 -(xample, a typical site on our local ether netw)181.74 441 R 4.209 -(ork is \231monet\232 \(actually)-.1 F(\231monet.CS.Berk)132 453 Q(ele)-.1 E --.65(y.)-.15 G 3.887(EDU\232\). When).65 F 1.387(monet recei)3.887 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.887(sm).15 G 1.387(ail for deli)354.258 453 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E -3.887(,i)-.65 G 3.887(tc)424.579 453 S 1.387(hecks whether it)435.686 453 R -(kno)132 465 Q 1.342(ws that the destination host is directly reachable; if so\ -, mail is sent to that host.)-.25 F 1.342(If it)6.342 F(recei)132 477 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.915(sm).15 G .415(ail for an)175.055 477 R 2.915(yu)-.15 G(nkno) -224.75 477 Q .415(wn host, it just passes it directly to \231ucb)-.25 F -.25 -(va)-.15 G(x.CS.Berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E .178 -(our master host.)132 489 R(Ucb)5.178 E -.25(va)-.15 G 2.678(xm).25 G .177 -(ay determine that the host name is ille)242.852 489 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.677(la) -.05 G .177(nd reject the message,)415.159 489 R .754(or may be able to do deli) -132 501 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 5.754(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)268.146 501 S -2.15 --.25(ev e).25 H 1.554 -.4(r, i).25 H 3.254(ti).4 G 3.254(si)313.874 501 S .754 -(mportant to note that when a ne)323.798 501 R 3.254(wm)-.25 G .754(ail con-) -472.976 501 R .164(nection is added, the only host that)132 513 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)2.664 E F1(ha)2.664 E .464 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .164 -(ts tables updated is ucb).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .164(x; the others).25 F F2(may) -2.664 E F1(be)2.664 E(updated if con)132 525 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(nient, b).15 E -(ut this is not critical.)-.2 E 2.121 -(This picture is slightly muddied due to netw)157 541.2 R 2.122 -(ork connections that are not actually)-.1 F 2.362(located on ucb)132 553.2 R --.25(va)-.15 G 4.862(x. F).25 F 2.362(or e)-.15 F 2.362 -(xample, some UUCP connections are currently on \231ucbarpa.)-.15 F<9a>-.7 E -(Ho)132 565.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.044 -.4(r, m).15 H(onet).4 E F2 .244 -(does not)2.744 F F1(kno)2.744 E 2.744(wa)-.25 G .245 -(bout this; the information is hidden totally between ucb)266.34 565.2 R -.25 -(va)-.15 G(x).25 E 1.045(and ucbarpa.)132 577.2 R 1.045 -(Mail going from monet to a UUCP host is transferred via the ethernet from) -6.045 F 1.43(monet to ucb)132 589.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G 1.43 -(x, then via the ethernet from ucb).25 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.931(xt).25 G 3.931 -(ou)355.704 589.2 S 1.431(cbarpa, and then is submitted to)369.635 589.2 R -(UUCP)132 601.2 Q 5(.A)-1.11 G(lthough this in)172.28 601.2 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv) -.2 E(es some e)-.15 E(xtra hops, we feel this is an acceptable tradeof)-.15 E -(f.)-.25 E .826(An interesting point is that it w)157 617.4 R .826 -(ould be possible to update monet to send appropriate)-.1 F .127 -(UUCP mail directly to ucbarpa if the load got too high; if monet f)132 629.4 R -.127(ailed to note a host as con-)-.1 F .353(nected to ucbarpa it w)132 641.4 R -.353(ould go via ucb)-.1 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.853(xa).25 G 2.852(sb)305.954 641.4 -S .352(efore, and if monet incorrectly sent a message)317.696 641.4 R .395 -(to ucbarpa it w)132 653.4 R .396(ould still be sent by ucbarpa to ucb)-.1 F --.25(va)-.15 G 2.896(xa).25 G 2.896(sb)356.654 653.4 S 2.896(efore. The)368.44 -653.4 R .396(only problem that can)2.896 F .901(occur is loops, for e)132 665.4 -R .901(xample, if ucbarpa thought that ucb)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.401(xh).25 G -.9(ad the UUCP connection and)383.75 665.4 R(vice v)132 677.4 Q 2.5(ersa. F) --.15 F(or this reason, updates should)-.15 E F2(always)2.5 E F1 -(happen to the master host \214rst.)2.5 E .144(This philosoph)157 693.6 R 2.644 -(yr)-.05 G .145(esults as much from the need to ha)227.798 693.6 R .445 -.15 -(ve a s)-.2 H .145(ingle source for the con\214gu-).15 F .289 -(ration \214les \(typically b)132 705.6 R .289(uilt using)-.2 F F2(m4)2.789 E -F1 .289(\(1\) or some similar tool\) as an)1.666 F 2.789(yl)-.15 G .288 -(ogical need.)410.664 705.6 R(Maintain-)5.288 E -(ing more than three separate tables by hand is essentially an impossible job) -132 717.6 Q(.)-.4 E EP -%%Page: 40 37 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.2.2.2. Small)117 96 R -(site \212 complete inf)2.5 E(ormation)-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 3.356(As) -157 112.2 S .856(mall site \(tw)171.466 112.2 R 3.356(oo)-.1 G 3.356(rt)236.434 -112.2 S .856(hree hosts and fe)245.9 112.2 R 3.356(we)-.25 G .856 -(xternal connections\) may \214nd it more rea-)330.564 112.2 R .435 -(sonable to ha)132 124.2 R .735 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .435 -(omplete information at each host.).15 F .435(This w)5.435 F .435 -(ould require that each host kno)-.1 F(w)-.25 E -.15(ex)132 136.2 S .185 -(actly where each netw).15 F .185 -(ork connection is, possibly including the names of each host on that)-.1 F -(netw)132 148.2 Q 4.341(ork. As)-.1 F 1.841 -(long as the site remains small and the the con\214guration remains relati) -4.341 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -(static, the update problem will probably not be too great.)132 160.2 Q F0 2.5 -(5.2.2.3. Single)117 184.2 R(host)2.5 E F1 .117(This is in some sense the tri) -157 200.4 R .117(vial case.)-.25 F .117 -(The only major issue is trying to insure that you)5.117 F(don')132 212.4 Q -3.425(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)161.355 212.4 T .925(to kno)3.625 F 3.425(wt) --.25 G .925(oo much about your en)217.69 212.4 R 3.425(vironment. F)-.4 F .925 -(or e)-.15 F .924(xample, if you ha)-.15 F 1.224 -.15(ve a U)-.2 H(UCP).15 E -.614(connection you might \214nd it useful to kno)132 224.4 R 3.115(wa)-.25 G -.615(bout the names of hosts connected directly to)318.885 224.4 R(you, b)132 -236.4 Q -(ut this is really not necessary since this may be determined from the syntax.) --.2 E F0 2.5(5.2.2.4. A)117 260.4 R(completely differ)2.5 E(ent philosoph)-.18 -E(y)-.15 E F1(This is adapted from Bruce Lilly)157 276.6 Q 5(.A)-.65 G .3 -.15 -(ny e)301.89 276.6 T(rrors in interpretation are mine.).15 E .065 -(Do minimal changes in ruleset 3: \214x some common b)157 292.8 R .064 -(ut unambiguous errors \(e.g. trail-)-.2 F 2.758 -(ing dot on domains\) and hide bang paths foo!bar into bar@foo.UUCP)132 304.8 R -7.759(.T)-1.11 G 2.759(he resulting)454.301 304.8 R("canonical" form is an)132 -316.8 Q 2.5(yv)-.15 G(alid RFC822/RFC1123/RFC976 address.)233.63 316.8 Q 1.388 -(Ruleset 0 does the b)157 333 R 1.387(ulk of the w)-.2 F 3.887(ork. It)-.1 F -(remo)3.887 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.887(st).15 G 1.387 -(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides)367.472 333 R .66(bang paths, strips an)132 -345 R .661(ything not needed to resolv)-.15 F .661 -(e, e.g. the phrase from phrase <route-addr>)-.15 F .497 -(and from named groups, rejects unparseable addresses using $#error)132 357 R -2.996(,a)-.4 G .496(nd \214nally resolv)419.052 357 R .496(es to)-.15 F 4.324 -(am)132 369 S 1.824(ailer/host/user triple.)148.544 369 R 1.824 -(Ruleset 0 is rather length)6.824 F 4.325(ya)-.05 G 4.325(si)360.965 369 S -4.325(th)371.96 369 S 1.825(as to handle 3 basic address)384.065 369 R 5.373 -(forms: RFC976 bang paths, RFC1123 %-hacks \(including v)132 381 R 5.373 -(anilla RFC822 local-)-.25 F .136(part@domain\), and RFC822 source routes.)132 -393 R(It')5.137 E 2.637(sa)-.55 G .137(lso complicated by ha)329.508 393 R .137 -(ving to handle named)-.2 F(lists.)132 405 Q .617(The header re)157 421.2 R -.616(writing rulesets 1 and 2 remo)-.25 F .916 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .616 -(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides bang).15 F 2.5(paths. Ruleset)132 433.2 R 2.5 -(2a)2.5 G(lso strips the $# mailer $@ host \(for test mode\).)205.05 433.2 Q -(Ruleset 4 does absolutely nothing.)157 449.4 Q 1.316(The per)157 465.6 R 1.316 -(-mailer re)-.2 F 1.316(writing rulesets conform the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G -1.317(lope and header addresses to the).15 F -(requirements of the speci\214c mailer)132 477.6 Q(.)-.55 E -(Lots of rulesets-as-subroutines are used.)157 493.8 Q .35(As a result, header\ - addresses are subject to minimal munging \(per RFC1123\), and the)157 510 R -(general plan is per RFC822 sect. 3.4.10.)132 522 Q F0 2.5(5.2.3. Rele)102 546 -R -.1(va)-.15 G(nt issues).1 E F1 .584(The canonical form you use should almos\ -t certainly be as speci\214ed in the Internet proto-)142 562.2 R 2.604 -(cols RFC819 and RFC822.)117 574.2 R 2.604(Copies of these RFC')7.604 F 5.104 -(sa)-.55 G 2.603(re included on the)347.852 574.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(sendmail)5.103 E F1 2.603(tape as)5.103 F F2(doc/rfc819.lpr)117 586.2 Q F1 -(and)2.5 E F2(doc/rfc822.lpr)2.5 E F1(.)A 2.04 -(RFC822 describes the format of the mail message itself.)142 602.4 R F2 -(Sendmail)7.04 E F1(follo)4.54 E 2.04(ws this RFC)-.25 F(closely)117 614.4 Q -2.984(,t)-.65 G 2.984(ot)152.944 614.4 S .483(he e)163.708 614.4 R .483 -(xtent that man)-.15 F 2.983(yo)-.15 G 2.983(ft)251.44 614.4 S .483 -(he standards described in this document can not be changed)260.533 614.4 R -(without changing the code.)117 626.4 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G -(he follo)286.85 626.4 Q(wing characters ha)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H -(pecial interpretations:).15 E 2.5(<>\(\)"\\)157 642.6 S(An)117 658.8 Q 3.036 -(ya)-.15 G .537(ttempt to use these characters for other than their RFC822 pur\ -pose in addresses is proba-)141.546 658.8 R(bly doomed to disaster)117 670.8 Q -(.)-.55 E 1.327 -(RFC819 describes the speci\214cs of the domain-based addressing.)142 687 R -1.326(This is touched on in)6.327 F 1.439(RFC822 as well.)117 699 R 1.439 -(Essentially each host is gi)6.439 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.939(nan).15 G 1.44 -(ame which is a right-to-left dot quali\214ed)333.711 699 R .232 -(pseudo-path from a distinguished root.)117 711 R .232 -(The elements of the path need not be ph)5.232 F .232(ysical hosts; the)-.05 F -2.365(domain is logical rather than ph)117 723 R 4.866(ysical. F)-.05 F 2.366 -(or e)-.15 F 2.366(xample, at Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 4.866(yo)-.15 G 2.366 -(ne le)406.406 723 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 4.866(lh).05 G 2.366(ost might be)449.818 -723 R EP -%%Page: 41 38 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-41)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\231a.CC.Berk)117 96 Q(ele)-.1 E --.65(y.)-.15 G .366 -(EDU\232; reading from right to left, \231EDU\232 is a top le).65 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.865(ld).15 G .365(omain comprising edu-)410.5 96 R .561 -(cational institutions, \231Berk)117 108 R(ele)-.1 E .562 -(y\232 is a logical domain name, \231CC\232 represents the Computer Cen-)-.15 F -(ter)117 120 Q 2.5(,\()-.4 G(in this case a strictly logical entity\), and \ -\231a\232 is a host in the Computer Center)135.48 120 Q(.)-.55 E(Be)142 136.2 Q --.1(wa)-.25 G(re when reading RFC819 that there are a number of errors in it.) -.1 E F0 2.5(5.2.4. Ho)102 160.2 R 2.5(wt)-.1 G 2.5(op)155.23 160.2 S -.18(ro) -168.29 160.2 S(ceed).18 E F1 .335(Once you ha)142 176.4 R .635 -.15(ve d)-.2 H -.335(ecided on a philosoph).15 F 1.635 -.65(y, i)-.05 H 2.835(ti).65 G 2.834 -(sw)319.44 176.4 S .334(orth e)333.284 176.4 R .334(xamining the a)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.2 G .334(ilable con\214guration).25 F .174(tables to decide if an)117 -188.4 R 2.674(yo)-.15 G 2.674(ft)212.98 188.4 S .174 -(hem are close enough to steal major parts of.)221.764 188.4 R(Ev)5.174 E .175 -(en under the w)-.15 F .175(orst of)-.1 F(conditions, there is a f)117 200.4 Q -(air amount of boiler plate that can be collected safely)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .33 -(The ne)142 216.6 R .33(xt step is to b)-.15 F .33(uild ruleset three.)-.2 F -.329(This will be the hardest part of the job)5.33 F 5.329(.B)-.4 G -2.1 -.25 -(ew a)469.321 216.6 T .329(re of).25 F .781 -(doing too much to the address in this ruleset, since an)117 228.6 R .781 -(ything you do will re\215ect through to the)-.15 F 2.744(message. In)117 240.6 -R(particular)2.744 E 2.744(,s)-.4 G .243 -(tripping of local domains is best deferred, since this can lea)216.752 240.6 R -.543 -.15(ve y)-.2 H .243(ou with).15 F 1.234 -(addresses with no domain spec at all.)117 252.6 R(Since)6.235 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.735 E F1(lik)3.735 E 1.235 -(es to append the sending domain to)-.1 F .83 -(addresses with no domain, this can change the semantics of addresses.)117 -264.6 R .83(Also try to a)5.83 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .83(id fully).2 F .342 -(qualifying domains in this ruleset.)117 276.6 R .342(Although technically le) -5.342 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .343(l, this can lead to unpleasantly and).05 F 1.287 -(unnecessarily long addresses re\215ected into messages.)117 288.6 R 1.287 -(The Berk)6.287 F(ele)-.1 E 3.787(yc)-.15 G 1.287 -(on\214guration \214les de\214ne)406.426 288.6 R .093 -(ruleset nine to qualify domain names and strip local domains.)117 300.6 R .093 -(This is called from ruleset zero to)5.093 F -(get all addresses into a cleaner form.)117 312.6 Q .318(Once you ha)142 328.8 -R .618 -.15(ve r)-.2 H .318 -(uleset three \214nished, the other rulesets should be relati).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G .318(ly tri).15 F 2.817(vial. If)-.25 F(you)2.817 E(need hints, e)117 -340.8 Q(xamine the supplied con\214guration tables.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.2.5. T)102 -364.8 R(esting the r)-.92 E(ewriting rules \212 the \255bt \215ag)-.18 E F1 -1.075(When you b)142 381 R 1.075(uild a con\214guration table, you can do a ce\ -rtain amount of testing using the)-.2 F(\231test mode\232 of)117 393 Q F2 -(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)226.84 393 Q(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(sendmail)2.6 E F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf) -157 409.2 Q .904(which w)117 425.4 R .903 -(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)-.1 -F .903(In this mode, you enter)5.903 F(lines of the form:)117 437.4 Q -(rwset address)157 453.6 Q(where)117 469.8 Q F2(rwset)3.376 E F1 .876 -(is the re)3.376 F .876(writing set you w)-.25 F .876(ant to use and)-.1 F F2 -(addr)3.376 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .877(is an address to apply the set to.)3.376 F -.7 -(Te)117 481.8 S .17(st mode sho).7 F .17(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 F .169 -(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)-.1 F .169(wing you the address it ends up) --.25 F 3.635(with. Y)117 493.8 R 1.135(ou may use a comma separated list of rw\ -sets for sequential application of rules to an)-1.1 F 2.5(input. F)117 505.8 R -(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)157 522 Q .386 -(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)117 538.2 R -5.385<9a52>-.7 G .385(uleset one is then applied to the output)347.145 538.2 R -(of ruleset three, follo)117 550.2 Q -(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E .202(If you nee\ -d more detail, you can also use the \231\255d21\232 \215ag to turn on more deb) -142 566.4 R 2.702(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)117 578.4 S(ample,).15 E -(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)157 594.6 Q .754 -(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)117 610.8 R .753 -(ord address is probably going to print)-.1 F(out se)117 622.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E -1.1(Yo)142 639 S 3.075(us)1.1 G -.575(hould be w)165.085 639 R .575(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E F0 -(sendmail)3.075 E F1 .575(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)3.075 F .575 -(In this)5.575 F -.15(ve)117 651 S 1.23(rsion of sendmail, you will ha).15 F -1.53 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.73(od).15 G 3.73(ot)281.21 651 S 1.23(hat manually) -292.72 651 R 6.23(.F)-.65 G 1.23(or e)359.38 651 R 1.23(xample, older v)-.15 F -1.23(ersions allo)-.15 F(wed)-.25 E(you to use)117 663 Q 2.5(0b)157 679.2 S -(ruce@broadcast.son)169.5 679.2 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(This v)117 695.4 Q -(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)157 711.6 Q -.65 -(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E EP -%%Page: 42 39 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.2.6. Building)102 96 R -(mailer descriptions)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.886 -.8(To a)142 112.2 T -.287(dd an outgoing mailer to your mail system, you will ha).8 F .587 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H 2.787(od).15 G .287(e\214ne the characteristics)409.566 112.2 R -(of the mailer)117 124.2 Q(.)-.55 E 1.481(Each mailer must ha)142 140.4 R 1.781 --.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.981(ni).15 G 1.481(nternal name.)257.645 140.4 R 1.481 -(This can be arbitrary)6.481 F 3.98(,e)-.65 G 1.48(xcept that the names)417.63 -140.4 R(\231local\232 and \231prog\232 must be de\214ned.)117 152.4 Q .127 -(The pathname of the mailer must be gi)142 168.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(ni).15 -G 2.628(nt)317.038 168.6 S .128(he P \214eld.)327.446 168.6 R .128 -(If this mailer should be accessed)5.128 F -(via an IPC connection, use the string \231[IPC]\232 instead.)117 180.6 Q .021 -(The F \214eld de\214nes the mailer \215ags.)142 196.8 R -1.1(Yo)5.021 G 2.521 -(us)1.1 G .021(hould specify an \231f\232 or \231r\232 \215ag to pass the name) -311.06 196.8 R .465(of the sender as a)117 208.8 R F0<ad66>2.965 E F1(or)2.965 -E F0<ad72>2.965 E F1 .465(\215ag respecti)2.965 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.465 -(.T)-.65 G .465(hese \215ags are only passed if the)306.95 208.8 R 2.966(yw) --.15 G .466(ere passed to)451.418 208.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail,)117 -220.8 Q F1 1.705(so that mailers that gi)4.205 F 2.005 -.15(ve e)-.25 H 1.705 -(rrors under some circumstances can be placated.).15 F 1.705(If the)6.705 F -1.362(mailer is not pick)117 232.8 R 3.862(yy)-.15 G 1.362 -(ou can just specify \231\255f $g\232 in the ar)204.518 232.8 R 1.362 -(gv template.)-.18 F 1.363(If the mailer must be)6.362 F 1.708(called as)117 -244.8 R F0 -.18(ro)4.207 G(ot).18 E F1 1.707(the \231S\232 \215ag should be gi) -4.207 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.707 -(n; this will not reset the userid before calling the).15 F(mailer)117 258.8 Q -/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)142.55 254.8 Q F1 5.112(.I)149.55 258.8 S 2.612(ft) -160.492 258.8 S .112(his mailer is local \(i.e., will perform \214nal deli) -169.214 258.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .112(ry rather than another netw).15 F .112 -(ork hop\))-.1 F .728(the \231l\232 \215ag should be gi)117 270.8 R -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.227(n. Quote).15 F .727 -(characters \(backslashes and " marks\) can be stripped from)3.227 F .268 -(addresses if the \231s\232 \215ag is speci\214ed; if this is not gi)117 282.8 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.769(nt).15 G(he)344.247 282.8 Q 2.769(ya)-.15 G .269 -(re passed through.)365.746 282.8 R .269(If the mailer is)5.269 F .67(capable \ -of sending to more than one user on the same host in a single transaction the \ -\231m\232 \215ag)117 294.8 R 1.176(should be stated.)117 306.8 R 1.176 -(If this \215ag is on, then the ar)6.176 F 1.177(gv template containing)-.18 F -F0($u)3.677 E F1 1.177(will be repeated for)3.677 F .089 -(each unique user on a gi)117 318.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.589(nh).15 G 2.589 -(ost. The)235.994 318.8 R .089 -(\231e\232 \215ag will mark the mailer as being \231e)2.589 F(xpensi)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 1.488 -.7(,\232 w).15 H(hich).7 E(will cause)117 332.8 Q F2 -(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to defer connection until a queue run)2.5 E F3(11)345.57 -328.8 Q F1(.)352.57 332.8 Q 2.037(An unusual case is the \231C\232 \215ag.)142 -349 R 2.037(This \215ag applies to the mailer that the message is)7.037 F -(recei)117 361 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654(df).15 G .153(rom, rather than the maile\ -r being sent to; if set, the domain spec of the sender \(i.e., the)156.454 361 -R 1.519(\231@host.domain\232 part\) is sa)117 373 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.019(da).15 -G 1.519(nd is appended to an)252.746 373 R 4.019(ya)-.15 G 1.52 -(ddresses in the message that do not)354.341 373 R -(already contain a domain spec.)117 385 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, a message of the form:)266.11 385 Q(From: eric@v)157 401.2 Q -(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 413.2 S -2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 413.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU, mckusick).65 E(will be modi\214ed to:)117 429.4 Q(From: eric@v)157 445.6 -Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 457.6 S -2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 457.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU, mckusick@v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -F2 9.365(if and only if)117 473.8 R F1 9.364 -(the \231C\232 \215ag is de\214ned in the mailer corresponding to)207.8 473.8 R -(\231eric@v)117 485.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 -E<9a>-.7 E(Other \215ags are described in Appendix C.)142 502 Q .538 -(The S and R \214elds in the mailer description are per)142 518.2 R .538 -(-mailer re)-.2 F .538(writing sets to be applied to)-.25 F 2.253 -(sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 530.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -7.253(.T)-.65 G 2.252(hese are applied after the sending domain is)312.995 -530.2 R .546(appended and the general re)117 542.2 R .547 -(writing sets \(numbers one and tw)-.25 F .547(o\) are applied, b)-.1 F .547 -(ut before the out-)-.2 F .458(put re)117 554.2 R .458 -(write \(ruleset four\) is applied.)-.25 F 2.958(At)5.458 G .457 -(ypical use is to append the current domain to addresses)279.646 554.2 R -(that do not already ha)117 566.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H 2.5(omain. F).15 F -(or e)-.15 E(xample, a header of the form:)-.15 E(From: eric)157 582.4 Q -(might be changed to be:)117 598.6 Q(From: eric@v)157 614.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk) --.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(or)117 631 Q(From: ucb)157 647.2 Q --.25(va)-.15 G(x!eric).25 E 1.312 -(depending on the domain it is being shipped into.)117 663.4 R 1.313 -(These sets can also be used to do special)6.312 F .32 LW 76 673 72 673 DL 80 -673 76 673 DL 84 673 80 673 DL 88 673 84 673 DL 92 673 88 673 DL 96 673 92 673 -DL 100 673 96 673 DL 104 673 100 673 DL 108 673 104 673 DL 112 673 108 673 DL -116 673 112 673 DL 120 673 116 673 DL 124 673 120 673 DL 128 673 124 673 DL 132 -673 128 673 DL 136 673 132 673 DL 140 673 136 673 DL 144 673 140 673 DL 148 673 -144 673 DL 152 673 148 673 DL 156 673 152 673 DL 160 673 156 673 DL 164 673 160 -673 DL 168 673 164 673 DL 172 673 168 673 DL 176 673 172 673 DL 180 673 176 673 -DL 184 673 180 673 DL 188 673 184 673 DL 192 673 188 673 DL 196 673 192 673 DL -200 673 196 673 DL 204 673 200 673 DL 208 673 204 673 DL 212 673 208 673 DL 216 -673 212 673 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6 683.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -(Sendmail)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -(must be running setuid to root for this to w)2 E(ork.)-.08 E F4(11)93.6 697 Q -F6(The \231c\232 con\214guration option must be gi)3.2 I -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(nf).12 -G(or this to be ef)242.04 700.2 Q(fecti)-.2 E -.12(ve)-.2 G(.).12 E EP -%%Page: 43 40 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-43)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(purpose output re)117 96 Q -(writing in cooperation with ruleset four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E .228 -(The E \214eld de\214nes the string to use as an end-of-line indication.)142 -112.2 R 2.728(As)5.228 G .228(tring containing only)419.654 112.2 R(ne)117 -124.2 Q(wline is the def)-.25 E 2.5(ault. The)-.1 F -(usual backslash escapes \(\\r)2.5 E 2.5(,\\)-.4 G(n, \\f, \\b\) may be used.) -342.87 124.2 Q(Finally)142 140.4 Q 2.648(,a)-.65 G 2.648(na)179.278 140.4 S --.18(rg)191.366 140.4 S 2.648(vt).18 G .149(emplate is gi)209.944 140.4 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.649(na).15 G 2.649(st)282.481 140.4 S .149(he E \214eld.)291.8 -140.4 R .149(It may ha)5.149 F .449 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .149(mbedded spaces.).15 F -.149(If there is)5.149 F .204(no ar)117 152.4 R .204(gv with a)-.18 F F0($u) -2.704 E F1 .204(macro in it,)2.704 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.704 E -F1 .204(will speak SMTP to the mailer)2.704 F 5.203(.I)-.55 G 2.703(ft)412.648 -152.4 S .203(he pathname for this)421.461 152.4 R(mailer is \231[IPC],)117 -164.4 Q 2.5<9a74>-.7 G(he ar)192.4 164.4 Q(gv should be)-.18 E(IPC $h [)157 -180.6 Q F2(port)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E(where)117 196.8 Q F2(port)2.5 E F1 -(is the optional port number to connect to.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)142 213 S 2.5(re).15 -G(xample, the speci\214cations:)162.53 213 Q(Mlocal, P=/bin/mail, F=rlsm)157 -229.2 Q(S=10, R=20, A=mail \255d $u)5 E(Mether)157 241.2 Q 2.35(,P)-.4 G 13.9 -(=[IPC], F=meC,)195.89 241.2 R(S=11, R=21, A=IPC $h, M=100000)1.39 E 1.643 -(speci\214es a mailer to do local deli)117 257.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.644 -(ry and a mailer for ethernet deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 6.644(.T)-.65 -G 1.644(he \214rst is called)436.018 257.4 R(\231local,)117 269.4 Q 2.649<9a69> --.7 G 2.649(sl)152.549 269.4 S .149(ocated in the \214le \231/bin/mail,)161.868 -269.4 R 2.649<9a74>-.7 G(ak)283.573 269.4 Q .149(es a pick)-.1 F(y)-.15 E F0 -<ad72>2.649 E F1 .148(\215ag, does local deli)2.649 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E -2.648(,q)-.65 G .148(uotes should)453.572 269.4 R 1.016 -(be stripped from addresses, and multiple users can be deli)117 281.4 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 1.017(red at once; ruleset ten should be).15 F 1.417(applied to sen\ -der addresses in the message and ruleset twenty should be applied to recipient) -117 293.4 R .122(addresses; the ar)117 305.4 R .123 -(gv to send to a message will be the w)-.18 F .123(ord \231mail,)-.1 F 2.623 -<9a74>-.7 G .123(he w)383.125 305.4 R .123(ord \231\255d,)-.1 F 2.623<9a61>-.7 -G .123(nd w)446.644 305.4 R .123(ords con-)-.1 F 1.484 -(taining the name of the recei)117 317.4 R 1.484(ving user)-.25 F 6.484(.I)-.55 -G 3.984(fa)288.498 317.4 S F0<ad72>A F1 1.484 -(\215ag is inserted it will be between the w)3.984 F(ords)-.1 E .288 -(\231mail\232 and \231\255d.)117 329.4 R 5.288<9a54>-.7 G .289 -(he second mailer is called \231ether)196.394 329.4 R 1.689 -.7(,\232 i)-.4 H -2.789(ts).7 G .289(hould be connected to via an IPC con-)348.947 329.4 R .932(\ -nection, it can handle multiple users at once, connections should be deferred,\ - and an)117 341.4 R 3.432(yd)-.15 G(omain)479 341.4 Q 1.458 -(from the sender address should be appended to an)117 353.4 R 3.958(yr)-.15 G -(ecei)340.2 353.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.958(rn).15 G 1.458 -(ame without a domain; sender)377.628 353.4 R .74 -(addresses should be processed by ruleset ele)117 365.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.24 -(na).15 G .74(nd recipient addresses by ruleset twenty-one.)320.34 365.4 R -(There is a 100,000 byte limit on messages passed through this mailer)117 377.4 -Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.3. The)87 401.4 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .108(If you ha)127 -417.6 R .408 -.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .109 -(rsion of sendmail with the user database package compiled in, the handling of) -.15 F(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 429.6 Q -(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 445.8 Q F0(U)2.5 E F1 -(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.1. Structur)102 469.8 R 2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)177.92 -469.8 S(he user database)187.08 469.8 Q F1(The database is a sorted \(BT)142 -486 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15 -(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F2(user)157 502.2 Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A F1 -.128 -(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together) -117 518.4 R 5.128(.M)-.55 G .128(eta-information is)432.492 518.4 R(al)117 -530.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E -(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 546.6 Q 2.5 -(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)117 562.8 R -(deli)4.872 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.372(ry address for this user).15 F 7.372(.T)-.55 -G 2.373(here may be multiple v)349.472 562.8 R 2.373(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675 -(record. In)189 574.8 R(particular)2.675 E 2.675(,m)-.4 G .175 -(ailing lists will ha)284.095 574.8 R .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H(ne).15 E F2(maildr) -2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 F(on the list.)189 586.8 Q -30.06(mailname The)117 603 R 1.026(outgoing mailname for this user)3.526 F -6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.027(or each outgoing name, there should)353.336 603 R .08 -(be an appropriate)189 615 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08 -(record for that name to allo)2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)422.38 615 -R .08(See also)5.08 F F2(:default:mailname)189 627 Q F1(.)A 25.62 -(mailsender Changes)117 643.2 R(an)3.447 E 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 -(ail sent to this address to ha)252.404 643.2 R 1.248 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .948 -(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .948(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E .498(This\ - is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an appro-)189 -655.2 R .754(priate -request address.)189 667.2 R .754(It is v)5.754 F .755 -(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(list)A F1 .755 -(syntax in the alias)3.255 F(\214le.)189 679.2 Q 33.95(fullname The)117 695.4 R -(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 711.6 Q 13.66(\214ce-address The) --.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E EP -%%Page: 44 41 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(of)117 96 Q -19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E -(.)-.55 E(of)117 112.2 Q(\214ce-f)-.25 E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F) --.25 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 128.4 -R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 19.51(home-phone The)117 144.6 R -(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(home-f)117 160.8 Q 31.28 -(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 41.73 -(project A)117 177 R .856 -(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.356 F .855 -(\214liated with.)-.25 F .855(In the Uni-)5.855 F -.15(ve)189 189 S -(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)-.55 E -52.28(plan A)117 205.2 R -(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E(athered.)-.05 E -.924(As of this writing, only a fe)142 221.4 R 3.424(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)273.208 -221.4 S .925(hese \214elds are actually being used by sendmail:)282.742 221.4 R -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail-)3.425 E(dr)117 233.4 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2 -(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)211.54 233.4 Q(er)-.1 E F1 -(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.2. User)102 -257.4 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .996(When the re)142 273.6 R .995 -(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25 F 3.495(,t)-.4 G .995 -(he user name is passed)408.93 273.6 R .78(through the alias \214le.)117 285.6 -R .781 -(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the) -5.78 F 1.778(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117 -297.6 R 2.077 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.277(nt).15 G 1.777(he user database.)375.985 -297.6 R 1.777(If no match)6.777 F -(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 309.6 Q -(arding is tried.)-.1 E .55(If the \214rst tok)142 325.8 R .551(en of the user\ - name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)-.1 F .626 -(lookup is skipped.)117 337.8 R .625 -(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.626 F .625 -(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117 -349.8 R 1.533(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F -(these def)117 361.8 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351 -(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 378 R .351 -(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .351(If that user)5.351 F .04 -(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 390 R .041 -(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.041 G -2.541(re).15 G .041(xample, I)466.189 390 R(might ha)117 402 Q .3 -.15(ve a r) --.2 H(ecord:).15 E 25.94(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 418.2 R(ele)-.1 -E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 434.4 Q -(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .757 -(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 450.6 R 3.257(,b)-.4 G .757 -(ut no corresponding \231maildrop\232 record e)301.588 450.6 R .757(xists, the) --.15 F 1.127(record \231:def)117 462.6 R 1.127(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.) --.1 F 1.127(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.127 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -1.128(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 474.6 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15 -G .625(xample, in our case we w)185.515 474.6 R .625 -(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125(EDU\232. The) -.65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 486.6 Q .881(yone kno)-.15 F -.882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk) --.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 498.6 S 2.5(tp).2 G -(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)137.08 498.6 Q F0 2.5 -(6. O)72 522.6 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907 -(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)112 -538.8 R F2(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .906(his section)460.594 538.8 R -(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)87 -550.8 Q 2.5(et)-.1 G(hem.)387.95 550.8 Q F0 2.5(6.1. P)87 574.8 R -(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92 -(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 591 R .92 -(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E -(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 603 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5(NDBM If) -102 619.2 R .665(set, the ne)3.165 F 3.165(wv)-.25 G .664 -(ersion of the DBM library that allo)240.41 619.2 R .664 -(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.542(used. If)174 631.2 R .042 -(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.542 F .043 -(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 643.2 Q 32.84(NEWDB If) -102 659.4 R .142(set, use the ne)2.642 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142 -(atabase package from Berk)254.44 659.4 R(ele)-.1 E 2.641(y\()-.15 G .141 -(from 4.4BSD\).)385.817 659.4 R .141(This package)5.141 F .266 -(is substantially f)174 671.4 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267 -(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F(sendmail will read DBM \214les, b)174 -683.4 Q(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)-.2 E(YPCOMP)102 699.6 Q 19.3 --1.11(AT I)-.92 H 3.684(fs)1.11 G 1.184(et together with)188.234 699.6 R F2 -(both)3.684 E F1 1.183(NEWDB and NDBM,)3.683 F F2(sendmail)3.683 E F1 1.183 -(will create both DBM)3.683 F 1.067 -(and NEWDB \214les if and only if the \214le /v)174 711.6 R(ar/yp/Mak)-.25 E -1.067(e\214le e)-.1 F 1.067(xists and is readable.)-.15 F .501 -(This is intended for compatibility with Sun Microsystems')174 723.6 R F2 -(mkalias)3.001 E F1 .501(program used)3.001 F EP -%%Page: 45 42 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-45)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(on YP masters.)174 96 Q 41.73 -(_AIX3 Compile)102 112.2 R(for IBM AIX 3.x.)2.5 E -(This has only been tested on 3.2.3.)5 E 25.05(SYSTEM5 Set)102 128.4 R -(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)-1.29 E -36.72(LOCKF Use)102 144.6 R .299(System V)2.799 F F0(lockf)2.799 E F1 .299 -(instead of Berk)2.799 F(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F0(\215ock)2.799 E F1 5.299(.D)C .3 -(ue to the highly unusual seman-)375.012 144.6 R .052 -(tics of locks across forks in)174 156.6 R F0(lockf)2.552 E F1 2.551(,t)C .051 -(his should ne)314.903 156.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.551(rb).15 G 2.551(eu)387.706 -156.6 S .051(sed unless absolutely nec-)399.697 156.6 R(essary)174 168.6 Q 5 -(.S)-.65 G(et by def)211.4 168.6 Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E 33.94 -(SYS5TZ Use)102 184.8 R(System V time zone semantics.)2.5 E(HASINITGR)102 201 Q -(OUPS)-.4 E .812(Set this if your system has the)174 213 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(initgr)3.312 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 .812(call \(if you ha)3.312 F 1.112 -.15 -(ve m)-.2 H .813(ultiple group sup-).15 F 2.5(port\). This)174 225 R -(is the def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 E F2(not)2.5 E F1 -(de\214ned or if you are on HPUX.)2.5 E(HASUN)102 241.2 Q 13.19(AME Set)-.35 F -.89(this if you ha)3.39 F 1.19 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(uname)3.39 E F1 .89 -(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library routine\).)B(Set by def)174 253.2 -Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASST)102 269.4 Q -1.11(AT)-.93 G 15.42(FS Set) -1.11 F .202(this if you ha)2.701 F .502 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(statfs) -2.702 E F1 .202(\(2\) system call.)B .202(This will allo)5.202 F 2.702(wy)-.25 -G .202(ou to gi)425.822 269.4 R .502 -.15(ve a t)-.25 H(empo-).15 E .108 -(rary f)174 281.4 R .108(ailure message to incoming SMTP email when you are lo) --.1 F 2.608(wo)-.25 G 2.608(nd)441.188 281.4 S .107(isk space.)453.796 281.4 R -(It)5.107 E(is set by def)174 293.4 Q(ault on 4.4BSD and OSF/1 systems.)-.1 E -(HASUST)102 309.6 Q 21.54 -1.11(AT S)-.93 H .593(et if you ha)1.11 F .894 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(ustat)3.094 E F1 .594(\(2\) system call.)B .594 -(This is an alternati)5.594 F .894 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .594(mplementation of).15 F -.525(disk space control.)174 321.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.525 G 3.025(us)1.1 G .525 -(hould only set one of HASST)278.32 321.6 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G .525(FS or HASUST) -1.11 F -.83 -1.11(AT ;)-.93 H(the)4.135 E(\214rst is preferred.)174 333.6 Q(_P) -102 349.8 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 E -(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 361.8 Q(_P)102 378 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 -G(H_SENDMAILFC)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.fc \214le.)174 390 Q(_P)102 -406.2 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E -(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 418.2 Q 26.17(LA_TYPE The)102 -434.4 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E(Details are described belo) -5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.146(The are four b)102 450.6 R 1.146(uilt-in w)-.2 F 1.146 -(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E F2(Sendmail)6.147 -E F1 1.147(tries to auto-con\214gure them)3.647 F .267 -(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 462.6 R F2(cc) -2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1 2.766(,w)C -(here)467.364 462.6 Q F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 474.6 Q 34.51(LA_INT The)102 -490.8 R -.1(ke)2.978 G .478(rnel stores the load a).1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .479 -(rage in the k).15 F .479(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F 2.979(gers. The) --.15 F(actual v)174 502.8 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def) --.1 E(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_FLO)102 519 Q 22.63 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H 1.118(he k) -1.11 F 1.117(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.117(rage in the k) -.15 F 1.117(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F(\215oats.)174 531 Q -25.05(LA_SUBR Call)102 547.2 R(the)2.5 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1 -(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage as an array of doubles.).15 -E(LA_ZER)102 563.4 Q 27.96(OA)-.4 G -.1(lwa)181.22 563.4 S -(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(rage. This).15 F(is the f) -2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .738(If type)102 579.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(LA_INT)3.238 E F1(or)3.238 E F3(LA_FLO)3.238 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 .738 -(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)4.237 F F3(_P)3.239 E -.999(AT) --.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .739(\(the path to)3.239 F .269 -(your system binary\) and)102 591.6 R F3(LA_A)2.769 E(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E -F1 .269(\(the name of the v)2.769 F .269(ariable containing the load a)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.2 G .269(rage in the).15 F -.1(ke)102 603.6 S(rnel; usually \231_a).1 -E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5 -(6.2. P)87 627.6 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127 -643.8 S .895(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F -.896(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 655.8 R .192 -(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 F .492 -.15 -(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 667.8 Q -(The numbers follo)5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E -(alue.)-.25 E 1.909(MAXLINE [1024])102 684 R 1.909 -(The maximum line length of an)190.309 684 R 4.409(yi)-.15 G 1.909(nput line.) -338.273 684 R 1.91(If message lines e)6.909 F 1.91(xceed this)-.15 F .575 -(length the)188.4 696 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575 -(ill still be processed correctly; ho)243.84 696 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F -(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)188.4 708 -Q EP -%%Page: 46 43 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAXN)102 96 Q -(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)9.82 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G -(ame, such as a host or a user name.)309.63 96 Q .23(MAXPV [40])102 112.2 R -.231(The maximum number of parameters to an)188.63 112.2 R 2.731(ym)-.15 G -(ailer)376.455 112.2 Q 5.231(.T)-.55 G .231(his limits the number of)407.516 -112.2 R .376(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 124.2 R -.375(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.875(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)474.01 124.2 Q .875 -(number abo)188.4 136.2 R 1.175 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15 F/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)3.376 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .876(ry into smaller).15 F .887(batches as needed.)188.4 148.2 R -3.387(Ah)5.887 G .887(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)285.808 -148.2 R(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 160.2 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 176.4 Q --.18(TO)-1.11 G 2.558(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)159.368 176.4 R .058 -(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.558 F .059(ens\) in a single address.)-.1 F --.15(Fo)5.059 G 2.559(re).15 G .059(xample, the)457.281 176.4 R -(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 188.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 is se) -.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)367.93 188.4 Q .113(MAXMAILERS [25])102 -204.6 R .112(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\ -\214guration \214le.).02 F(MAXR)102 220.8 Q(WSETS [100])-.55 E -(The maximum number of re).01 E(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 E -(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 237 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v)188.4 249 R 2.482 -(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)-.25 F -(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 261 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E -(MAXUSERENVIR)102 277.2 Q(ON [40])-.4 E .399 -(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 289.2 R .399 -(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 301.2 Q -.1 -(QU)102 317.4 S(EUESIZE [1000]).1 E -(The maximum number of entries that will be processed in a single queue run.) -2.35 E(MAXMXHOSTS [20])102 333.6 Q -(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 345.6 Q 2.5(ys) --.15 G(ingle host.)439.03 345.6 Q(MAXIP)102 361.8 Q .968(ADDR [16])-.92 F .968 -(The maximum number of numeric IP addresses we will accept for this host.)7.61 -F(This does not limit the number the number of addresses for other hosts.)188.4 -373.8 Q 2.851(An)102 390 S .351(umber of other compilation options e)117.071 -390 R 2.851(xist. These)-.15 F .35 -(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F(compiled in.)102 402 -Q(DEB)102 418.2 Q 49.56(UG If)-.1 F 1.226(set, deb)3.726 F 1.226 -(ugging information is compiled in.)-.2 F 2.827 -.8(To a)6.226 H 1.227 -(ctually get the deb).8 F(ugging)-.2 E .4(output, the)188.4 430.2 R F0<ad64>2.9 -E F1 .4(\215ag must be used.)2.9 F F0 .4(WE STR)5.4 F(ONGL)-.3 E 2.9(YR)-.92 G -.4(ECOMMEND THA)412.05 430.2 R(T)-.95 E .97(THIS BE LEFT ON.)188.4 442.2 R F1 -.97(Some people, belie)5.97 F .97(ving that it w)-.25 F .97 -(as a security hole \(it)-.1 F -.1(wa)188.4 454.2 S(s, once\) ha).1 E .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H(urned it of).15 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd thus crippled deb)309.05 454.2 Q -(uggers.)-.2 E 41.69(NETINET If)102 470.4 R .829 -(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.33 F .829(orking is compiled in.)-.1 -F(Pre)5.829 E .829(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .006(sions of)188.4 482.4 R -F0(sendmail)2.506 E F1 .006(referred to this as)2.506 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF --.36(DA)2.506 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.506(;t)C .006(his old usage is no)382.57 482.4 -R 2.506(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)468.74 482.4 Q 48.35(NETISO If)102 498.6 R .143 -(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 F .142 -(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F -(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 510.6 Q(e\214le instead of conf.h\).) --.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 526.8 R .5(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5 -(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5(es an informa-) --.1 F .504(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 538.8 R -.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F(record for internal system errors.)188.4 -550.8 Q(MA)102 567 Q 16.12(TCHGECOS Compile)-1.11 F 3.555(in the code to do `) -6.055 F 3.555(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 G 6.055(nt)404.22 567 S -3.555(he GECOS \214eld in)418.055 567 R 2.5(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 579 R -(also requires that option G be turned on.)2.5 E -.35(NA)102 595.2 S 18.15 -(MED_BIND Compile).35 F .413(in code to use the Berk)2.913 F(ele)-.1 E 2.912 -(yI)-.15 G .412(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)342.41 595.2 R .412(er to) --.15 F(resolv)188.4 607.2 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)225.74 607.2 Q(NO) -102 623.4 Q 38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .247 -(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)2.747 -F 2.748(fs)-.25 G(pe-)491.23 623.4 Q -(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 635.4 Q -.1(QU)102 -651.6 S 50.12(EUE This).1 F 1.559 -(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.06 F 1.559 -(If this is not set,)6.559 F -(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender) -188.4 663.6 Q(.)-.55 E(SETPR)102 679.8 Q 12.63(OCTITLE If)-.4 F(de\214ned,)3.88 -E F2(sendmail)3.88 E F1 1.381(will change its)3.881 F F2(ar)3.881 E(gv)-.37 E -F1 1.381(array to indicate its current status.)3.881 F .207 -(This can be used in conjunction with the)188.4 691.8 R F2(ps)2.707 E F1 .206 -(command to \214nd out just what it')2.707 F(s)-.55 E(up to.)188.4 703.8 Q EP -%%Page: 47 44 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-47)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 57.78(SMTP If)102 96 R .756 -(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756 -(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507 -(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)188.4 -108 R(means most machines e)188.4 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rywhere\).).15 E(UGL)102 -136.2 Q 30.46(YUUCP If)-1 F 1.023(you ha)3.523 F 1.323 -.15(ve a U)-.2 H 1.024 -(UCP host adjacent to you which is not running a reasonable).15 F -.15(ve)188.4 -148.2 S .112(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(rmail)2.612 E F1 2.612(,y)C -.112(ou will ha)263.026 148.2 R .412 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.612(os).15 G .112 -(et this \215ag to include the \231remote from sys-)329.234 148.2 R .031 -(name\232 info on the from line.)188.4 160.2 R .032 -(Otherwise, UUCP gets confused about where the)5.032 F(mail came from.)188.4 -172.2 Q 44.45(USERDB Include)102 188.4 R(the)3.449 E F0(experimental)3.449 E F1 -(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949(ser information database package.) -341.356 188.4 R(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)188.4 200.4 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15 --.25(ev e)238.67 200.4 T 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77(fl)262.7 200.4 S .27(ocal name e) -271.58 200.4 R .27(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It) --.1 F(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 212.4 Q -(This may change in future releases.)5 E(IDENTPR)102 228.6 Q -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 -H .376(Compile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)188.4 228.6 R -.375(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4 240.6 R -1.053(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that) --.15 F .83(when it recei)188.4 252.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G .83 -(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)270.18 252.6 R -1.921(to that host.)188.4 264.6 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1(wa)-.25 G -1.922(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922 -(ys send this error code when you).1 F 2.055 -(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot) -188.4 276.6 R(recei)188.4 288.6 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(mail from such hosts.).15 -E F0 2.5(6.3. Con\214guration)87 312.6 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1 -(The follo)127 328.8 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5 -(6.3.1. Built-in)102 352.8 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248 -(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)142 369 -R 1.248(Header lines that should)6.248 F .305(only be included by certain mail\ -ers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)117 381 R -.046(in the)117 393 R F2(HdrInfo)2.546 E F1 .046(table in)2.546 F F2(conf)2.546 -E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.046(.T)C .047 -(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)246.836 393 R -(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)117 405 -Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 421.2 Q 30.97(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007 -(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.508 F 2.94 -(am)203.4 433.2 S(ailer)218.56 433.2 Q(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.94 E F1 .441 -(will not delete an e)2.94 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .441 -(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.941 E(mail)203.4 445.2 Q F1 .152 -(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152 -(xisting header lines.)293.998 445.2 R .152 -(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)203.4 -457.2 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425 -(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204 -(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)203.4 -469.2 R F2(always)4.703 E F1(deleted.)203.4 481.2 Q 51.13(H_EOH If)117 497.4 R -.206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)2.705 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206 -(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)363.948 497.4 R -(of the header and the be)203.4 509.4 Q(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.) --.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 525.6 R 2.039(this header entry e)4.539 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 4.539(ni).15 G 4.539(fo)326.225 525.6 S 2.038(ne e)339.094 525.6 R 2.038 -(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.038(If a)7.038 F 2.188 -(header entry does not ha)203.4 537.6 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188 -(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.189(will not add another)4.689 F -.62(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 549.6 R 3.12 -(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E -(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 561.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 577.8 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.043 -(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.543 F 1.044 -(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .706(message e)203.4 589.8 R .705 -(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 F -(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 601.8 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 618 R -.332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.832 F .332 -(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .333(\215ag to)2.833 F 1.349 -(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)203.4 -630 R(sage.)203.4 642 Q(H_FR)117 658.2 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673 -(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.173 F 6.674(.T)-.55 -G 1.674(he order of these)432.058 658.2 R .883(\214elds in the)203.4 670.2 R F2 -(HdrInfo)3.383 E F1 .883(table speci\214es)3.383 F F2(sendmail')3.383 E(s)-.4 E -F1 .883(preference for which \214eld)3.383 F(to return error messages to.)203.4 -682.2 Q(Let')117 698.4 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)142.28 698.4 Q F2 -(HdrInfo)2.5 E F1(speci\214cation:)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 48 45 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(struct hdrinfo) -157 96 Q(HdrInfo[] =)258.19 96 Q({)157 108 Q -(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 120 Q(*/)5 E 14.72 -("resent-sender", H_FR)177 132 R(OM,)-.4 E 21.38("resent-from", H_FR)177 144 R -(OM,)-.4 E 41.93("sender", H_FR)177 156 R(OM,)-.4 E 48.59("from", H_FR)177 168 -R(OM,)-.4 E 29.15("full-name", H_A)177 180 R(CHECK,)-.4 E -(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 192 Q 60.25("to", H_RCPT)177 204 R(,)-.74 E -33.04("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 216 R(,)-.74 E 59.15("cc", H_RCPT)177 228 R(,) --.74 E(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 240 Q 34.15 -("message", H_EOH,)177 252 R("te)177 264 Q 53.18(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F -(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 276 Q("recei)177 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 34.56 -(d", H_TRA).15 F(CE|H_FORCE,)-.4 E 49.53(NULL, 0,)177 312 R(};)157 324 Q 2.435 -(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 340.2 R 2.435 -(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435 -(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.162 -(addresses. An)117 352.2 R 3.162<7999>-.15 G .661(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will \ -be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)188.154 352.2 R -.245(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 364.2 R .245 -(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.245 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .246 -(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936 -(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 376.2 R 1.936(ork w) --.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.936 -(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 388.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G -(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .445 -(There are a number of important points here.)142 404.4 R .446 -(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .657 -(cally just because the)117 416.4 R 3.157(ya)-.15 G .657(re in the)216.678 -416.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F -3.157(ym)-.15 G .656(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)358.23 416.4 R -.727(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 428.4 R(An)5.728 E 3.228 -(yh)-.15 G .728(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)312.982 -428.4 R -.2(bu)117 440.4 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)137.82 440.4 R -F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74 -(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 440.4 Q -1.374(added unless the)117 452.4 R 3.874(yw)-.15 G 1.374 -(ere in the message already)201.792 452.4 R 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.375(econd, the) -326.595 452.4 R F2(HdrInfo)3.875 E F1 1.375(structure only speci\214es)3.875 F -.324 -(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re) -117 464.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .324(rdless of the sta-).05 F .48 -(tus speci\214ed in)117 476.4 R F2(HdrInfo)2.98 E F1 5.48(.F)C .481(or e)226.55 -476.4 R .481(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 -F -.1(wa)-.1 G .481(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 490.4 Q .75 -(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(12)282.31 486.4 -Q F1 3.251(;t)289.31 490.4 S .751 -(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)298.121 490.4 R -2.977(tion. The)117 502.4 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds\ - are used to determine the full name of the sender if)2.977 F -(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 514.4 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1 -(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 538.4 -R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .149 -(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 554.6 R 2.649(,t)-.65 -G(he)339.75 554.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.65 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .15 -(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.65 F .163(This routine is called for e)117 566.6 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F -.163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 578.6 R -.895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895 -(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895 -(queues the message for a)3.395 F .264(later try)117 590.6 R 2.764(,a)-.65 G -.264(nd other v)157.698 590.6 R .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E --1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.) -358.375 590.6 R .263(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.763 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E -(compat)117 602.6 Q F1 .429(to print an error message \(using)2.929 F F2(usr) -2.929 E(err)-.37 E F1 2.929(\)i)C 2.929(ft)315.032 602.6 S .43 -(he message is rejected.)324.071 602.6 R -.15(Fo)5.43 G 2.93(re).15 G(xample,) -443.39 602.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.93 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 614.6 Q F1 -(could read:)2.5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 -669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 -669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 -669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL -128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 -136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 -DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 -669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 -669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL -196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 -204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 -SF(12)93.6 679.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.632(,t)-.52 G .632 -(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)132.488 -682.8 R -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.631(lope. The).12 F .631(older ARP)2.631 F .631 -(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve) --.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP -%%Page: 49 46 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-49)452.9 60 Q/F1 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(int)157 94.8 Q -(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 105.6 Q(re)175 116.4 Q(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E -(re)175 127.2 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 138 Q(re)175 148.8 Q -(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 170.4 S(tab\("pri)191.578 170.4 -Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E -(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 181.2 Q -(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 192 Q({)175 202.8 Q(usrerr\("No pri)193 -213.6 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E(wed through this machine"\);) --.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 224.4 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 -235.2 Q(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && to\255>q_mailer != LocalMailer\))175 246 Q({) -175 256.8 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 267.6 Q(ge for non-local deli)-.162 E --.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E(NoReturn = TR)193 278.4 Q(UE;)-.36 E -(return \(EX_UN)193 289.2 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 300 Q -(return \(EX_OK\);)175 310.8 Q(})157 321.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .205 -(This w)117 337.8 R .205 -(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 2.705(yw)-.15 G -.205(ere local.)387.09 337.8 R(The)5.205 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NoReturn) -2.705 E F2(\215ag)2.705 E 1.196(can be sent to suppress the return of the actu\ -al body of the message in the error return.)117 349.8 R(The)6.197 E(actual use\ - of this routine is highly dependent on the implementation, and use should be \ -limited.)117 361.8 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 385.8 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H -(rage Computation)1 E F2 .18(The routine)142 402 R F3 -.1(ge)2.68 G(tla).1 E F2 -.18(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15(ve) --.2 G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 414 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G -(here are four v)157.68 414 Q -(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 438 R(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F2(Ne)142 454.2 -Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)168.405 454.2 T .375(aps can be added by crea\ -ting a class initialization function and a lookup func-).15 F 2.5(tion. These) -117 466.2 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F3(setupmaps.)2.5 E F2 -(The initialization function is called as)142 482.4 Q F3(xxx)157 498.6 Q F2 -(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *mapname, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)117 514.8 Q F3 -(map)2.555 E F2 .055(is an internal data structure.)2.555 F(The)5.055 E F3 -(mapname)2.555 E F2 .054(is the name of the map \(used for error mes-)2.554 F -2.819(sages\). The)117 526.8 R F3(ar)2.819 E(gs)-.37 E F2 .32(is a pointer to \ -the rest of the con\214guration \214le line; \215ags and \214lenames can be) -2.819 F -.15(ex)117 538.8 S .675(tracted from this line.).15 F .675 -(The initialization function must return)5.675 F F1(TR)3.175 E(UE)-.36 E F2 -.674(if it successfully opened)3.174 F(the map,)117 550.8 Q F1 -.666(FA)2.5 G -(LSE).666 E F2(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)142 567 Q F3 -(xxx)157 583.2 Q F2(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], int b)-.2 E -(ufsize, char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 599.4 Q -F3(map)3.475 E F2 .975(de\214nes the map internally)3.475 F 5.975(.T)-.65 G -.975(he parameters)277.18 599.4 R F3 -.2(bu)3.475 G(f).2 E F2(and)3.475 E F3 --.2(bu)3.475 G(fsize).2 E F2(ha)3.476 E 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .976(he input k) -.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.976(.T)-.5 G(his)492.33 599.4 Q .043 -(may be \(and often is\) used destructi)117 611.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -5.043(.T)-.65 G(he)289.831 611.4 Q F3(av)2.543 E F2 .043(is a list of ar)2.543 -F .042(guments passed in from the re)-.18 F(write)-.25 E 3.654(line. The)117 -623.4 R 1.154(lookup function should return a pointer to the ne)3.654 F 3.655 -(wv)-.25 G 3.655(alue. IF)378.335 623.4 R 1.155(the map lookup f)3.655 F(ails,) --.1 E F3(*statp)117 635.4 Q F2 1.272(should be set to an e)3.772 F 1.272 -(xit status code; in particular)-.15 F 3.772(,i)-.4 G 3.771(ts)357.652 635.4 S -1.271(hould be set to)368.093 635.4 R F1(EX_TEMPF)3.771 E(AIL)-.666 E F2(if) -3.771 E(reco)117 647.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry is to be attempted by the higher le) -.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)308.76 647.4 Q F0 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing) -102 671.4 R(Function)2.5 E F2 .782(The routine)142 687.6 R F3(shouldqueue)3.282 -E F2 .783(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283 -F(immediately)117 699.6 Q 6.619(.T)-.65 G 1.618 -(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)180.779 -699.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.118(rage. The).15 F(def)117 711.6 Q -(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E EP -%%Page: 50 47 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(bool)157 96 Q -(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))157 108 Q(long pri;)175 120 Q(time_t ctime;)175 132 -Q({)157 144 Q(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 156 Q(return \(F)193 168 Q -(ALSE\);)-.74 E(if \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\))175 180 Q(return \(TR)193 192 Q -(UE\);)-.4 E(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 204 Q -(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 216 Q 2.062 -(If the current load a)117 232.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v).15 F -(ariable)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C -2.062(hich is set before this function is)361.636 232.2 R 1.058 -(called\) is less than the lo)117 244.2 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058 -(hreshold load a)234.198 244.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x) -3.557 E F1 3.557(,v)C(ariable)375.526 244.2 Q F2(QueueLA)3.557 E F1(\),)A F2 -(shouldqueue)3.557 E F1(returns)117 256.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.666(FA) -2.586 G(LSE).666 E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.586 F F2(not) -2.586 E F1 2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve) --.2 G .087(rage e).15 F .087(xceeds the)-.15 F .588(high threshold load a)117 -268.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .588(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)C -(ariable)281.846 268.2 Q F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.087 E F1 -(returns)3.087 E F3(TR)3.087 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.087 E(ately)117 280.2 Q -7.125(.O)-.65 G 2.125 -(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)152.635 280.2 -R 4.626(,t)-.65 G 2.126(he queue f)438.208 280.2 R(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117 -292.2 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)163.95 292.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF) -2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15(ve)-.2 G -(rages.).15 E 1.067(An implementation wishing to tak)142 308.4 R 3.567(et)-.1 G -1.066(he actual age of the message into account can also)293.625 308.4 R 1.41 -(use the)117 320.4 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G 1.41 -(hich is the time that the message w)229.15 320.4 R 1.41 -(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .929(Note that the)117 -332.4 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928 -(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been) -3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 344.4 R .395 -(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395 -(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 356.4 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)2.674 G -.174(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e).1 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 380.4 R -(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.148(The function)142 396.6 R F2 -.37(re) -3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1 -1.148(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.564(refused. The)117 -408.6 R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063(rage and the) -.15 F(refuse load a)117 420.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X) -2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)273.56 420.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1 -(\):)A(bool)157 436.8 Q(refuseconnections\(\))157 448.8 Q({)157 460.8 Q -(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 472.8 Q(})157 484.8 Q 2.5(Am)117 501 S -(ore cle)134.5 501 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G -(mplementation could look at more system resources.)179.08 501 Q F0 2.5 -(6.3.7. Load)102 525 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .243 -(The routine)142 541.2 R F2 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243 -(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243 -(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.744 E(ution) --.2 E(includes se)117 553.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral possible implementations.).15 -E F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 577.2 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4 -(The \214le)127 593.4 R F2(sr)2.9 E(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4 -(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 F(ork-) --.1 E(ing en)102 605.4 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G -(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock).15 E -(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 621.6 R 2.16 -(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2 -(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 633.6 S 1.919 -(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 4.418 -(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)293.906 633.6 T 1.918 -(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.418(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)463.632 633.6 S -1.918(ed map).15 F(instead.)102 645.6 Q F0 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 669.6 R -(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 2.661(The follo)112 685.8 R 2.662 -(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 2.662 -(ilable v).25 F 2.662(ersion of)-.15 F F0(sendmail)5.162 E F1(\(5.67\):)87 -697.8 Q EP -%%Page: 51 48 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-51)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 96 R(Caching)2.5 E/F1 10 -/Times-Roman@0 SF .398(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127 -112.2 R 2.897(,t)-.65 G .397(hose connections are cached for possible)339.005 -112.2 R .597(future use.)102 124.2 R .597(The adv)5.597 F .597 -(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .598 -(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F(performance impro)102 136.2 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5 -(7.2. MX)87 160.2 R(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.258(If tw)127 176.4 R 3.757(oh)-.1 -G 1.257(osts with dif)161.075 176.4 R 1.257 -(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 188.4 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94 -(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 188.4 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94 -(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 200.4 Q F0 -2.5(7.3. RFC)87 224.4 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.463(An)127 240.6 S .963 -(umber of changes ha)142.683 240.6 R 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962 -(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .962 -(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.462 F F2(sendmail)102 252.6 Q F1 -.049(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)2.549 F .05 -(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F(1123\).)102 264.6 Q -(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127 -280.8 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 297 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E(ast.)-.1 E 15 -(5.2.8 Numeric)102 313.2 R(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G(d: lines.).15 E 10(5.2.17 Self)102 329.4 R -(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15(5.3.2 Better)102 345.6 R -(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(ndi)220.02 345.6 Q -(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 361.8 R -(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 378 R -(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)246.28 -378 Q 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 394.2 R(are pruned.)2.5 E(The areas in which)102 -410.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)2.5 -E(5.2.6)102 426.6 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 426.6 Q F1(does do header munging.)2.5 E -(5.2.10)102 442.8 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 442.8 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1 -(lwa)215.42 442.8 S(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E -(xt as listed in RFC 821.)-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 459 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 459 Q F1 -(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 G -(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)215.98 459 Q(5.3.1.1) -102 475.2 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 475.2 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa) -215.42 475.2 S(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G -(imits.)366.54 475.2 Q F0 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 499.2 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1 --1.11(Ve)127 515.4 S .155(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .154 -(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1425 \(basi\ -c\) and RFC 1427 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1426 \(BOD)102 527.4 Q -(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 551.4 R(Clean)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 567.6 Q -1.104(vious v)-.25 F 1.104(ersions of)-.15 F F0(sendmail)3.604 E F1 1.104 -(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.604 F 1.105(This v)6.104 F 1.105(ersion a) --.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.105(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 579.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve) --.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H -(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)418.86 579.6 Q(Indi)127 595.8 Q -(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G -(it out put using the `7' mailer \215ag.)300.77 595.8 Q F0 2.5(7.6. User)87 -619.8 R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.073(The user database is an as-yet e)127 636 R -1.072(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.072(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F 1.072 -(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 648 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G -(re installing it at Berk)145.63 648 Q(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E -(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)363.57 648 -Q F0 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 672 R -.1(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 672 Q -F1 .489(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127 -688.2 R .49(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 700.2 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b) --.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)187.116 700.2 -S .912(his release.)198.308 700.2 R .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)-.4 G -.912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916 700.2 R(serv)102 -712.2 Q(er to sendmail, so that the name serv)-.15 E -(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)2.5 E F1 -(.)A EP -%%Page: 52 49 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.8. K)87 96 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files) --.1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .206(Generalized k)127 112.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .206 -(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .206(en directly from)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 -SF(ID)2.706 E(A)-.36 E F0(sendmail)2.706 E F1 .207(\(albeit with a completely) -2.706 F(dif)102 124.2 Q(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G -(an be useful on lar)239.63 124.2 Q(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 140.4 S -(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 164.4 R -(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 180.6 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35 -180.6 S(ultiple w)215.07 180.6 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E -(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 196.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102 213 -Q 2.664(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E --.65(y.)-.15 G 2.663(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F(\231$=S\232.)102 -225 Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 249 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)189.94 -249 Q F1(The)127 265.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 -(construct has been adopted from)2.5 E F2(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 2.5 -(7.11. IDENT)87 289.2 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F1 -(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 305.4 Q F0 2.5 -(7.12. P)87 329.4 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 345.6 S 1.53 -(umber of small b)143.25 345.6 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53 -(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53 -(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 345.6 R(comments ha)102 357.6 Q .3 --.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 381.6 R(En) -2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854 -(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 397.8 R -.15(ve) --.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 397.8 R 1.154 --.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427(made visible; the)102 409.8 R F0($g) -2.927 E F1 .427(macro is set to the en)2.927 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .428 -(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 -E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 421.8 Q .085 -(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 438 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F --.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F(The)5.084 E F0(S)2.584 E -F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 450 S .512(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.012 E F1 -(ecipientR)A .512(Wset ar)-.55 F .512 -(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F3(en)3.013 E(velope/header) --.4 E F1 .513(to gi)3.013 F .813 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 E(ferent re)102 462 Q -(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.)-.15 -E F0 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 486 R(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.4 -G(lope).1 E F1 1.001(When an alias has an associated o)127 502.2 R 1 -(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G -(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 514.2 Q(This will cause do)5 E -(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(7.15. Dynamic)87 538.2 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 554.4 Q -(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.16. New)87 -578.4 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 594.6 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1 -(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 610.8 Q -F0<ad70>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E -(The)127 627 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6(wl) --.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)279.89 627 R F3(sendmail)2.6 E -F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)102 639 Q F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 663 R -(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 679.2 Q F0<ad71>4.007 E F1 1.507(\215ag c\ -an limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids usi\ -ng)4.007 F F0(\255qR)102 691.2 Q F3(substring)A F0 2.5<2cad>C(qS)168.41 691.2 Q -F3(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>226.76 691.2 S(qI)239.4 691.2 Q F3 -(substring)A F0 -.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly).1 E(.)-.7 E EP -%%Page: 53 50 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-53)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.18. New)87 96 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5 -E(ypes)-.74 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 112.2 Q F0(T)2.766 E F1(\(T)2.766 -E .267(rusted users\) con\214guration line has been deleted.)-.35 F .267 -(It will still be accepted b)5.267 F .267(ut will be)-.2 F(ignored.)102 124.2 Q -(The)127 140.4 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1(line has been added to declare database maps.) -2.5 E(The)127 156.6 Q F0(V)2.5 E F1 -(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 172.8 Q F0(M)2.797 E F1 .296(line has a \231D=\ -\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer) -2.797 F(is running.)102 184.8 Q F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 208.8 R(Options)2.5 E F1 -(Se)127 225 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8 -225 R 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89 -225 S .9(upport ne)327.18 225 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83 -225 R 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 225 Q 1.187(that w)102 237 R 1.187(as pre)-.1 -F 1.187(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.187(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F -(The)6.186 E 3.686(ya)-.15 G 1.186(re described in detail in Section 5.1.5.) -345.514 237 R(Brie\215y)102 249 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 265.2 S -(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 265.2 Q 29.33(CS)102 281.4 S -(et checkpoint interv)143.56 281.4 Q(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 297.6 S(ef)145.22 -297.6 Q(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 313.8 S(nable GECOS matching.) -144.11 313.8 Q 31(hM)102 330 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 330 Q 33.22(jS)102 -346.2 S(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 346.2 Q 32.11(JF)102 -362.4 S(orw)143.41 362.4 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 378.6 S -(onnection cache size)144.67 378.6 Q 28.78(KC)102 394.8 S -(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 394.8 Q 33.22(lE)102 411 S .333 -(nable Errors-T)144.11 411 R .333(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334 -(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.89 411 R -(vide back compatibility with old v)138 423 Q(ersions of sendmail.)-.15 E 28.78 -(OS)102 439.2 S -(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)143.56 439.2 -Q 31(pP)102 455.4 S(ri)143.56 455.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H -(ptions.).15 E 29.33(RD)102 471.6 S(on')145.22 471.6 Q 2.5(tp)-.18 G -(rune route-addrs.)168.65 471.6 Q 28.78(UU)102 487.8 S(ser database spec.) -145.22 487.8 Q 28.78(VF)102 504 S(allback \231MX\232 host.)143.41 504 Q 31(7D) -102 520.2 S 2.5(on)145.22 520.2 S(ot run eight bit clean.)157.72 520.2 Q F0 2.5 -(7.20. Extended)87 544.2 R(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 560.4 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1 -1.264(\(read timeout\),)3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F -F0(T)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2 -H 1.264(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 572.4 -Q F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 596.4 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 612.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)185.78 612.6 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -(een added.).15 E 31.56(aT)102 628.8 S .636 -(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)143.76 628.8 R .636 -(If this is not set,)5.636 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.136 E F1 .636 -(will still try if)3.136 F .221(the other end hints that it kno)138 640.8 R .22 -(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F -2.15 --.25(ev e)138 652.8 T 2.595(ni).25 G 2.595(fi)161.855 652.8 S 2.595(td)170.56 -652.8 S(oesn')180.935 652.8 Q 2.595(th)-.18 G 2.595(int. If)212.79 652.8 R .095 -(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E F2 -(sendmail)2.596 E F1 -.1(fa)2.596 G .096(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 664.8 Q -(.)-1.11 E 31(bE)102 681 S -(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)144.11 681 Q -31.56(cS)102 697.2 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this should only be\ - used as a last resort when dealing)143.56 697.2 R(with crank)138 709.2 Q 2.5 -(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 709.2 Q EP -%%Page: 54 51 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31(gN)102 96 S --2.15 -.25(ev e)145.22 96 T 2.64(ru).25 G .14(se the null sender as the en) -169.67 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender).15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)341.495 -96 S 2.641(nw).15 G .141(hen running SMTP)365.646 96 R 5.141(.A)-1.11 G .141 -(lthough this)456.349 96 R 1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary when y\ -ou must deal with some obnoxious old)138 108 R(hosts.)138 120 Q 31(7S)102 136.2 -S(trip all output to 7 bits.)143.56 136.2 Q F0 2.5(7.22. New)87 160.2 R(Pr)2.5 -E(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 176.4 Q -(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 192.6 R -(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)2.5 E F1 -(\(2\) call.)A 20.72($m The)102 208.8 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E -23.5($_ The)102 225 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E F0 2.5 -(7.23. New)87 249 R(LHS T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 265.2 S -1.375(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.875 E F1 1.376 -(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.875 F 3.876 -(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.876 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102 -277.2 Q F0 2.5(7.24. Bigger)87 301.2 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 317.4 S -1.284(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F -1.283(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 329.4 Q -(ed for)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)D -(edicated use in future releases.).55 E -(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)127 -345.6 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has\ - been raised from 600 to)127 361.8 R(1000.)102 373.8 Q F0 2.5(7.25. Differ)87 -397.8 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 414 -S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8 -(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8 -(he number of)449.08 414 R .712(recipients more important than the size of the\ - message \(for small messages\).)102 426 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712 F -(you are connected with reasonably f)102 438 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5(7.26. A) -87 462 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 478.2 Q(viously)-.25 -E 2.611(,t)-.65 G .111(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)176.771 -478.2 R .111(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F -(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 490.2 Q(This v)5 -E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.27. Symbolic)87 514.2 R -(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127 530.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E -(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(7.28. SMTP)87 554.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 570.6 Q 1.437 -(vious v)-.25 F 1.437(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.937 E F1 1.438 -(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.937 F 1.438(In this v)6.438 F 1.438 -(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 582.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G(xpand aliases or follo) -138.05 582.6 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 582.6 Q(ard \214les.)-.1 E .664 -(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127 598.8 R .663(ault deli)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .663(ry mode being queue-only).15 F 3.163(,t)-.65 G .663 -(he RCPT)466.387 598.8 R 1.09(command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102 -610.8 R 1.09(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.09(It will chase them when it processes the) -6.09 F(queue.)102 622.8 Q F0 2.5(7.29. [IPC])87 646.8 R(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5 -(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 646.8 Q F1 .448(When an address resolv)127 663 R -.448(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .447 -(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .137 -(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 675 R -.138(This asks sendmail to search the)5.138 F .161 -(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 687 R -.25(va)-.2 G .161(ilable e).25 -F .16(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .16(The intent is to route) -5.16 F .737(internal traf)102 699 R .738(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F -.738(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .738(MX e)5.738 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 711 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E EP -%%Page: 55 52 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-55)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.30. Aliases)87 96 R(Extended)2.5 E/F1 10 -/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.457(The implementation has been mer)127 112.2 R 1.457 -(ged with maps.)-.18 F 1.456(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F -(based aliases.)102 124.2 Q F0 2.5(7.31. P)87 148.2 R -(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127 164.4 S -(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 164.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H -(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5 -(7.32. Miscellaneous)87 204.6 R(Changes)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail) -127 220.8 Q F1(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1 -(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E -1 -.8(Tw o)127 -237 T 1.646(people using the same program in their .forw)4.946 F 1.647 -(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.647(ferent so that)-.25 F -(duplicate elimination doesn')102 249 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(elete one of them.)225.98 -249 Q(The)127 265.2 Q F2(mailstats)3.181 E F1 .681 -(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.181 F F2 -(sendmail.st)3.18 E F1 .68(\214le from)3.18 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102 277.2 Q -F1(.)A(Man)127 293.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 293.4 Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3 -.15 -(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E -(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 309.6 -S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)141.72 309.6 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25 -(ew)304.21 309.6 S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(8. A) -72 333.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 349.8 Q 2.036 -.15(ve w)-.5 -H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F -4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)267.501 349.8 R 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo) -339.762 349.8 Q 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737 -(een remarkably patient).15 F .404(about letting me w)87 361.8 R .404 -(ork on a lar)-.1 F .404(ge project that w)-.18 F .403(as not part of my of)-.1 -F .403(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.403(.T)-.4 G .403(his includes time on the)407.388 -361.8 R(INGRES Project at Berk)87 373.8 Q(ele)-.1 E 1.3 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.5 -(tB).65 G(ritton Lee, and ag)222.75 373.8 Q(ain on the Mammoth Project at Berk) --.05 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .453(Much of the second w)112 390 R -2.25 -.2 -(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .453 -(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .454(As he)5.454 F -.781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 402 R F2(sendmail)3.281 E F1 3.281(Iw) -3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)274.741 402 R .781(orking on things ag)-.1 -F 3.281(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.281 G(s).1 E(also a)87 414 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G(f.)227.38 414 Q(Man)112 430.2 Q -2.856 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.056(yp)-.15 G 1.556(eople contrib)172.212 -430.2 R 1.556(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F F2(sendmail)4.056 E F1 -6.556(.I)C 4.056(th)418.476 430.2 S 1.557(as pro)430.312 430.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -4.057(nt).15 G 4.057(ob)477.006 430.2 S 4.057(ea)491.063 430.2 S .464 -(group netw)87 442.2 R .464(ork ef)-.1 F 2.964(fort. V)-.25 F .464 -(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F .463(as a group project.)-.1 F .463 -(The follo)5.463 F .463(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 454.2 Q -(utions:)-.2 E -.25(Ke)127 470.4 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Michael J. Corrig)127 482.4 -Q(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E -(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 494.4 Q -(P{r \(Pell\) Emanuelsson)127 506.4 Q(Craig Ev)127 518.4 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E -(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E -.8(To)127 530.4 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)150.92 530.4 -S 2.5(rH).25 G(elbekkmo, Norwe)173.16 530.4 Q(gian School of Economics)-.15 E -(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 542.4 Q -.8(Ta)127 554.4 S -(kahiro Kanbe, FujiXerox).8 E(Brian Kantor)127 566.4 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)191.31 -566.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E -(Bruce Lilly)127 578.4 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)182.74 578.4 Q 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.) -207.31 578.4 Q(Nakamura Motonori, K)127 590.4 Q(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsity).15 E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 602.4 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 614.4 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E --.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Eric W)127 626.4 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G -(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)200.49 626.4 Q(gy Ph)-.18 E -(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 638.4 Q(olfhugel, Herv)-.8 E 2.5(eS) --.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)252.7 638.4 Q(aris\))-.15 E 2.687(Ia)87 654.6 S -.187(pologize for an)97.457 654.6 R .188(yone I ha)-.15 F .488 -.15(ve o)-.2 H -.188(mitted, misspelled, misattrib).15 F .188(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F -(Man)5.188 E 2.688(yo)-.15 G .188(ther peo-)467.992 654.6 R(ple ha)87 666.6 Q -.3 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E(uted ideas, comments, and encouragement.)-.2 E -2.5(Ia)5 G(ppreciate their contrib)338.06 666.6 Q(ution as well.)-.2 E EP -%%Page: 56 53 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)224.832 -141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q -(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E -(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 -(Set operation mode to)144 217.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:) -253.71 217.2 Q 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)211.22 233.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm) -.15 G(ail \(def)243.87 233.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S -(peak SMTP on input side)209.56 245.4 Q 15(dR)184 257.4 S(un as a daemon)210.67 -257.4 Q 17.22(tR)184 269.4 S(un in test mode)210.67 269.4 Q 15(vJ)184 281.4 S -(ust v)207.89 281.4 Q(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G -(ollect or deli)319.48 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 293.4 S -(nitialize the alias database)207.33 293.4 Q 15(pP)184 305.4 S -(rint the mail queue)209.56 305.4 Q 15.56(zF)184 317.4 S -(reeze the con\214guration \214le)209.56 317.4 Q<ad42>72 337.8 Q F2(type)A F1 -(Indicate body type.)144 337.8 Q<ad43>72 354 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .947(Use a dif) -144 354 R .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.946 E F1 -.946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946(king user \(rather than root\)).2 -F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)144 366 Q<ad64>72 382.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E -F1(Set deb)144 382.2 Q(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 398.4 Q -F2(addr)2.5 E F1(The sender')144 398.4 Q 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)205.1 -398.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 414.6 Q F2(name)A F1 -(Sets the full name of this user to)144 414.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72 -430.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .725(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)144 430.8 R F2(cnt) -3.225 E F1 5.725(.T)C .726 -(his represents the number of times this message has been)269.45 430.8 R .02 -(processed by)144 442.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F .02 -(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 E F2(Cnt) -5.02 E F1 1.521 -(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\)) -144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)4.021 E F1(thro)144 466.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G -2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)199.6 466.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255n Don')72 -483 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)174.65 483 S(liasing or forw)186.59 483 Q(arding.) --.1 E<ad72>72 499.2 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)144 499.2 Q/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 515.4 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E -F1(Set option)144 515.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E -F1 5(.T)C(hese options are described in Appendix B.)292.6 515.4 Q<ad70>72 531.6 -Q F2(pr)A(otocol)-.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)144 531.6 R .401 -(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4(The protocol \214eld can be) -5.401 F .114(in the form)144 543.6 R F2(pr)2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2 -(host)A F1 .114(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15 -(Fo)5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 543.6 Q 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\ -\232 sets the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)144 555.6 -R .973(\(Some e)144 567.6 R .974 -(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F(\255p.\))144 579.6 Q<ad71>72 595.8 Q F2 -(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)144 595.8 S 3.168(yt).35 G 3.167(op)164.038 595.8 S .667 -(rocess the queued up mail.)177.205 595.8 R .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a sendmail will run through the).15 F -(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 607.8 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)310.82 607.8 Q<ad71>72 -624 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312 -(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)144 624 R F2(Xstring) -2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)416.325 624 R .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H(etter).15 E -F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F3(I)144 636 Q F1 .671 -(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F3(R)3.171 E F1 .67 -(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F3(S)3.17 E F1 .67(to limit based on) -3.17 F(sender)144 648 Q 6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054 -(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-) -188.876 648 R(tains the indicated)144 660 Q F2(string)2.5 E F1(.)A 61.08 -(\255t Read)72 676.2 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752 -(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 688.2 R .039 -(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039 E 2.539(ya) --.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)385.31 688.2 R .04(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 E -(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 700.2 Q F3 193.36 -(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 57 54 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-57)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF<ad58>72 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(lo)3.18 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .68(Log all traf)144.68 96 R .679 -(\214c in and out of sendmail in the indicated)-.25 F F2(lo)3.179 E(g\214le)-.1 -E F1 .679(for deb)3.179 F .679(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144 108 -R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 -E(.)-.65 E 1.118 -(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 124.2 R -1.418 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 1.118(ags \(pro).15 F 1.118(vided for compatibility) --.15 F(with)72 136.2 Q F2(delivermail)2.5 E F1 2.5(\). These)B -(are the e, i, m, and v options.)2.5 E -(Also, the f option may be speci\214ed as the)5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 -E EP -%%Page: 58 55 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 S -(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292 -(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292 -(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .291 -(he directory de\214ned by the)395.636 201 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q -F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1 -(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3 -(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .229(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .529 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .229(he name).15 F F3(x)2.729 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A F1 -(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 .23 -(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.73 E F1 .23(is a)2.73 F 3.601 -(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101 -(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)3.601 -F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)451.798 241.2 S -1.101(he system)463.179 241.2 R .551 -(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552 -(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .552 -(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31(dT)72 -297.6 S(he data \214le.)114.11 297.6 Q(The message body \(e)5 E -(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 33.22(lT)72 313.8 -S .312(he lock \214le.)114.11 313.8 R .312(If this \214le e)5.312 F .311 -(xists, the job is currently being processed, and a queue run will not pro-) --.15 F .523(cess the \214le.)108 325.8 R -.15(Fo)5.524 G 3.024(rt).15 G .524 -(hat reason, an e)183.274 325.8 R(xtraneous)-.15 E F2(lf)3.024 E F1 .524 -(\214le can cause a job to apparently disappear \(it will)3.024 F .285(not e) -108 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.785(nt).15 G .284(ime out!\).)147.61 337.8 R -([Actually)5.284 E 2.784(,t)-.65 G .284 -(his \214le is obsolete on most systems that support the)237.802 337.8 R F2 -(\215ock)2.784 E F1(or)2.784 E F2(lockf)2.784 E F1(system calls.])108 349.8 Q -31(nT)72 366 S .348(his \214le is created when an id is being created.)114.11 -366 R .348(It is a separate \214le to insure that no mail can e)5.348 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .805(be destro)108 378 R .805(yed due to a race condition.) --.1 F .805(It should e)5.805 F .805(xist for no more than a fe)-.15 F 3.305(wm) --.25 G .805(illiseconds at an)433.1 378 R(y)-.15 E(gi)108 390 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(nt).15 G 2.5(ime. [This)135.1 390 R(is only used on old v)2.5 E -(ersions of sendmail; it is not used on ne)-.15 E(wer v)-.25 E(ersions.])-.15 E -31(qT)72 406.2 S(he queue control \214le.)114.11 406.2 Q -(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E(.)-.4 E -33.22(tA)72 422.4 S .344(temporary \214le.)118.064 422.4 R .344 -(These are an image of the)5.344 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344 -(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.845(uilt. It)-.2 F .345 -(should be renamed)2.845 F(to a)108 434.4 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E -(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 450.6 S .567(transcript \214le, e)118.287 -450.6 R .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .566(wing e)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .566(rything that happens during that).15 F(session.)108 462.6 Q -(The)97 478.8 Q F2(qf)3.333 E F1 .833 -(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.333 F .834 -(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.834(.T)-.55 G .834(he lines are as fol-) -427.354 478.8 R(lo)72 490.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(DT)72 507 S -(he name of the data \214le.)114.11 507 Q -(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E 28.78(HA)72 523.2 S .33 -(header de\214nition.)118.05 523.2 R .33(There may be an)5.33 F 2.829(yn)-.15 G -.329(umber of these lines.)274.289 523.2 R .329(The order is important: the) -5.329 F 2.829(yr)-.15 G(epre-)483.46 523.2 Q .046 -(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 535.2 R .046 -(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)5.046 F -(ration \214le.)108 547.2 Q 29.33(CT)72 563.4 S .575(he controlling address.) -114.11 563.4 R .575(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575 -(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814 -(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 575.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814 -(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814 -(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .562(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 587.4 R F3 -(aliasname)3.062 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.062 F .561 -(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 599.4 Q -29.33(RA)72 615.6 S .705(recipient address.)118.425 615.6 R .705 -(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705 -(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F(job is processed.)108 627.6 Q -(There will be one line for each recipient.)5 E 30.44(ST)72 643.8 S -(he sender address.)114.11 643.8 Q(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E -29.89(EA)72 660 S 3.742(ne)115.22 660 S 1.242(rror address.)128.402 660 R 1.242 -(If an)6.242 F 3.742(ys)-.15 G 1.241(uch lines e)218.19 660 R 1.241(xist, the) --.15 F 3.741(yr)-.15 G 1.241(epresent the addresses that should recei)308.124 -660 R 1.541 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(rror).15 E(messages.)108 672 Q 29.89(TT)72 688.2 S -(he job creation time.)114.11 688.2 Q -(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)72 704.4 -S .113(he current message priority)114.11 704.4 R 5.113(.T)-.65 G .113 -(his is used to order the queue.)236.662 704.4 R .114(Higher numbers mean lo) -5.114 F .114(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.677(ties. The)108 716.4 R 1.176 -(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.677 F 1.176 -(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F F2 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 -756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 59 56 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-59)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -(message class and the size of the message.)108 96 Q 27.11(MA)72 112.2 S 2.703 -(message. This)117.923 112.2 R .203(line is printed by the)2.703 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)2.703 E F1 .204 -(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)-.2 E 2.5 -(mation. It)108 124.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)219.78 124.2 -S(t.).15 E 30.44(FF)72 140.4 S .044 -(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)113.56 140.4 R .043 -(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .043 -(indicating that this is a response)2.543 F .142(message and)108 152.4 R F0(w) -2.642 E F1 .142(indicating that a w)2.642 F .143 -(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F(delayed.) -108 164.4 Q 31($A)72 180.6 S .83(macro de\214nition.)118.55 180.6 R .83(The v) -5.83 F .829(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r) -3.329 E F1(and)3.329 E F0($s)3.329 E F1 3.329(\)a)C .829(re passed)466.241 -180.6 R(through to the queue run phase.)108 192.6 Q 29.33(BT)72 208.8 S .924 -(he body type.)114.11 208.8 R .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.924 F -.925(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .925(If this \214eld is)5.925 F -.009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no specia\ -l processing is attempted.)108 220.8 R(Le)5.008 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25 -(va)108 232.8 S(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 4.072 -(As an e)97 249 R 4.072(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.073 -(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.) --.15 G 4.073(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 263 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 -E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)219.09 259 Q -F1(:)222.59 263 Q(P835771)112 279.2 Q(T404261372)112 291.2 Q(DdfAAA13557)112 -303.2 Q(Seric)112 315.2 Q(Eo)112 327.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E -(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Ceric:sendmail@v)112 -339.2 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 351.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok) -112 363.2 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -(H?P?return-path: <o)112 375.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E(angogh.CS.Berk) --.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112 387.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132 399.2 Q -(Hrecei)112 411.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E -.65 -(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G -(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 423.2 Q -(Hrecei)112 435.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E -(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E -(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 447.2 Q(Hrecei)112 459.2 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E -(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 471.2 Q(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112 -483.2 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 495.2 Q -(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 507.2 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E(HT)112 -519.2 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU) -.65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 531.2 Q(xample message)-.15 E 1.083(This sho) -72 547.4 R 1.084(ws the name of the data \214le, the person who sent the messa\ -ge, the submission time \(in seconds)-.25 F .26 -(since January 1, 1970\), the message priority)72 559.4 R 2.76(,t)-.65 G .259 -(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the mes-)257.03 559.4 R -(sage.)72 571.4 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 -669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 -669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 -669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL -128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 -136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 -DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 -669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 -669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL -196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 -204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 -SF(1)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .719(This e)3.2 J .719 -(xample is contri)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G 2.719(da).12 G .719 -(nd probably inaccurate for your en)186.968 682.8 R 2.719(vironment. Glance) --.32 F -.12(ove)2.718 G 2.718(ri).12 G 2.718(tt)384.998 682.8 S 2.718(og) -392.164 682.8 S .718(et an idea; nothing can replace)402.882 682.8 R -(looking at what your o)72 692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP -%%Page: 60 57 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6 Q 3(YO) --.42 G 3(FS)274.182 141.6 S(UPPOR)291.186 141.6 Q 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)350.37 141.6 -Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.519(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97 -201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.52(creates or generates.) -4.019 F(Man)6.52 E 4.02(yo)-.15 G 4.02(ft)444.74 201 S 1.52(hese can be)454.87 -201 R(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd the act\ -ual pathnames.)72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144 241.2 Q -F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E 3.735 -(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235 -(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)157.735 269.4 R -3.734(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.234(this pro-)3.734 F(gram is completely equi)144 -281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the) -2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38 -(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R 3.702(al)3.702 G 1.202 -(isting of the mail queue.)181.964 297.6 R 1.203(This program is equi)6.202 F --.25(va)-.25 G 1.203(lent to using the).25 F F3(\255bp)3.703 E F1 1.203 -(\215ag to)3.703 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72 -325.8 R(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E 5.9 -(/etc/sendmail.fc The)72 342 R -(con\214guration \214le represented as a memory image.)2.5 E -(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 358.2 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 370.2 Q 7 -(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 386.4 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)2.5 E -.89(/etc/sendmail.pid Created)72 402.6 R .318 -(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)2.818 F -.318(If you)5.318 F .337(use this in scripts; use `)144 414.6 R .337 -(`head \2551')-.74 F 2.838('t)-.74 G 2.838(og)285.78 414.6 S .338 -(et just the \214rst line; later v)298.618 414.6 R .338(ersions of)-.15 F F2 -(sendmail)2.838 E F1(may)2.838 E(add information to subsequent lines.)144 426.6 -Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 442.8 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E -(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 459 Q -(The alias \214le in)144 471 Q F2(dbm)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E(/v)72 -487.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E -(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144 499.2 -Q(/v)72 515.4 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E -(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 527.4 Q(/v)72 543.6 Q -(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 555.6 Q(/v)72 571.8 Q -(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 583.8 S(mporary v).7 E -(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)-.2 E(/v) -72 600 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 612 S -(ranscript of the current session.)156.5 612 Q F3 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 -756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP -%%Page: 2 58 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-2 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 12/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.116(TA) -263.226 98.4 S(BLE OF CONTENTS)1.116 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(1. B)72 124.8 -R(ASIC INST)-.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION .....................................\ -..........................................................................) --1.11 F(5)499 124.8 Q 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail .............\ -..............................................................................\ -...................)2.5 F(5)499 139.2 Q 2.5(1.1.1. Old)102 153.6 R -.15(ve)2.5 -G(rsions of mak).15 E 2.93(e.)-.1 G 28.5(.....................................\ -.............................................................. 5)220.5 153.6 R -2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 168 R 2.1(\215ags .................................\ -........................................................................)2.5 F -(5)499 168 Q 2.5(1.1.3. Compilation)102 182.4 R(and installation)2.5 E 28.5(..\ -..............................................................................\ -........ 6)4.6 F 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 196.8 R .99(Files ...............\ -..............................................................................\ -...................)2.5 F(6)499 196.8 Q 2.5(1.3. Details)87 211.2 R -(of Installation Files)2.5 E 28.5(............................................\ -....................................................... 7)4.89 F 2.5 -(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 225.6 R 28.5(..................................\ -....................................................................... 7)2.66 -F 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 240 R 28.5(.................................\ -........................................................................... 8) -4.9 F 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/ucb/ne)102 254.4 R -.1(wa)-.25 G .53(liases ............\ -..............................................................................\ -.............).1 F(8)499 254.4 Q 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102 268.8 R 1.81(ar/spool/mqueu\ -e ............................................................................\ -............................)-.25 F(8)499 268.8 Q 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 -283.2 R 28.5(.................................................................\ -................................................. 8)4.62 F 2.5 -(1.3.6. /etc/sendmail.fc)102 297.6 R 28.5(....................................\ -........................................................................ 8)4.9 -F 2.5(1.3.7. /etc/rc)102 312 R 28.5(..........................................\ -..............................................................................\ -.... 9)3.51 F 2.5(1.3.8. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 326.4 R 23.5(...............\ -..............................................................................\ -.......... 10)2.94 F 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/sendmail.st)102 340.8 R 23.5(............\ -..............................................................................\ -................... 10)3.5 F 2.5(1.3.10. /usr/ucb/ne)102 355.2 R -.1(wa)-.25 G -.53(liases ...................................................................\ -..................................).1 F(11)494 355.2 Q 2.5 -(1.3.11. /usr/ucb/mailq)102 369.6 R 23.5(.....................................\ -........................................................................ 11) -3.22 F 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 384 R(OPERA)2.5 E 1.56(TIONS .........................\ -..............................................................................\ -......)-1.11 F(11)494 384 Q 2.5(2.1. `)87 398.4 R(`Quick')-.74 E 2.5('C)-.74 G -(on\214guration Startup)152.45 398.4 Q 23.5(..................................\ -........................................................... 11)2.77 F 2.5 -(2.2. The)87 412.8 R(System Log)2.5 E 23.5(...................................\ -..............................................................................\ -... 11)4.89 F 2.5(2.2.1. F)102 427.2 R 2.26(ormat ............................\ -..............................................................................\ -................)-.15 F(11)494 427.2 Q 2.5(2.2.2. Le)102 441.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.24(ls ......................................................................\ -.....................................................).15 F(11)494 441.6 Q 2.5 -(2.3. The)87 456 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E 23.5(.....................................\ -..............................................................................\ -.. 11)2.96 F 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 470.4 R(the queue)2.5 E 23.5(............\ -..............................................................................\ -............... 12)2.67 F 2.5(2.3.2. F)102 484.8 R(orcing the queue)-.15 E 23.5 -(.............................................................................\ -............................ 12)3.94 F 2.5(2.4. The)87 499.2 R(Alias Database) -2.5 E 23.5(...................................................................\ -............................................. 12)2.69 F 2.5(2.4.1. Reb)102 -513.6 R(uilding the alias database)-.2 E 23.5(................................\ -....................................................... 13)4.27 F 2.5 -(2.4.2. Potential)102 528 R .72(problems .....................................\ -...................................................................)2.5 F(13) -494 528 Q 2.5(2.4.3. List)102 542.4 R -.25(ow)2.5 G 1.81(ners ................\ -..............................................................................\ -.....................).25 F(13)494 542.4 Q 2.5(2.5. User)87 556.8 R -(Information Database)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................\ -....................................................... 14)2.7 F 2.5(2.6. Per) -87 571.2 R(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(arding \(.forw)-.1 E(ard Files\))-.1 E 23.5 -(.............................................................................\ -...... 14)4.09 F 2.5(2.7. Special)87 585.6 R(Header Lines)2.5 E 23.5(.........\ -..............................................................................\ -...................... 14)2.97 F 2.5(2.7.1. Return-Receipt-T)102 600 R .98(o: \ -..............................................................................\ -.........................)-.8 F(14)494 600 Q 2.5(2.7.2. Errors-T)102 614.4 R -2.09(o: ......................................................................\ -...............................................)-.8 F(14)494 614.4 Q 2.5 -(2.7.3. Apparently-T)102 628.8 R 2.09(o: .....................................\ -........................................................................)-.8 F -(15)494 628.8 Q 2.5(2.8. IDENT)87 643.2 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(........\ -..............................................................................\ -................. 15)2.95 F 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 657.6 R 23.5(.................\ -..............................................................................\ -................................ 15)3.78 F 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 672 R(Interv)2.5 E -1.55(al ......................................................................\ -.................................................)-.25 F(15)494 672 Q 2.5 -(3.2. Daemon)87 686.4 R 1.29(Mode ............................................\ -...........................................................................)2.5 -F(15)494 686.4 Q 2.5(3.3. F)87 700.8 R(orcing the Queue)-.15 E 23.5(..........\ -..............................................................................\ -......................... 16)4.22 F 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 715.2 R 1.76(ugging ......\ -..............................................................................\ -.........................................)-.2 F(16)494 715.2 Q EP -%%Page: 3 59 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-3)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(3.5. T)87 96 R(rying a Dif)-.35 -E(ferent Con\214guration File)-.25 E 23.5(....................................\ -............................................... 16)4.67 F 2.5(3.6. Changing)87 -110.4 R(the V)2.5 E(alues of Options)-1.11 E 23.5(............................\ -................................................................ 16)3.23 F 2.5 -(3.7. Logging)87 124.8 R -.35(Tr)2.5 G(af).35 E .5(\214c .....................\ -..............................................................................\ -...................)-.25 F(16)494 124.8 Q 2.5(4. TUNING)72 139.2 R 23.5(......\ -..............................................................................\ -..................................................... 17)2.68 F 2.5(4.1. T)87 -153.6 R 1.07(imeouts .........................................................\ -.......................................................................)-.35 F -(17)494 153.6 Q 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 168 R(interv)2.5 E 2.1(al ...............\ -..............................................................................\ -.................)-.25 F(17)494 168 Q 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 182.4 R 1(timeouts .\ -..............................................................................\ -................................)2.5 F(17)494 182.4 Q 2.5(4.1.3. Message)102 -196.8 R 1.56(timeouts ........................................................\ -.................................................)2.5 F(18)494 196.8 Q 2.5 -(4.2. F)87 211.2 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.15 E 23.5(......................\ -........................................................................... 19) -4.49 F 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 225.6 R .73(Priorities ..............................\ -..............................................................................\ -.........)2.5 F(19)494 225.6 Q 2.5(4.4. Load)87 240 R .44(Limiting ...........\ -..............................................................................\ -...............................)2.5 F(19)494 240 Q 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 254.4 R --.15(ve)-.25 G(ry Mode).15 E 23.5(............................................\ -........................................................................... 19) -3.08 F 2.5(4.6. Log)87 268.8 R(Le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.52(l.).15 G 23.5(....\ -..............................................................................\ -............................................ 20)153 268.8 R 2.5(4.7. File)87 -283.2 R .72(Modes ............................................................\ -.................................................................)2.5 F(20)494 -283.2 Q 2.5(4.7.1. T)102 297.6 R 2.5(os)-.8 G(uid or not to suid?)146.2 297.6 Q -23.5(.........................................................................\ -........................ 20)6.52 F 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 312 R -(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E 23.5 -(........................................................................ 20) -5.47 F 2.5(4.8. Connection)87 326.4 R 1.56(Caching ...........................\ -..............................................................................\ -.....)2.5 F(21)494 326.4 Q 2.5(4.9. Name)87 340.8 R(Serv)2.5 E(er Access)-.15 E -23.5(.........................................................................\ -..................................... 21)2.85 F 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 355.2 R -(ving the Per)-.15 E(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(ard Files)-.1 E 23.5(...........\ -......................................................................... 22) -3.84 F 2.5(4.11. Free)87 369.6 R 1.85(Space ..................................\ -..............................................................................\ -...........)2.5 F(22)494 369.6 Q 2.5(4.12. Pri)87 384 R -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15 -(cy F).25 H 1.93(lags ........................................................\ -...............................................................).15 F(22)494 -384 Q 2.5(4.13. Send)87 398.4 R(to Me T)2.5 E 2.08(oo ........................\ -..............................................................................\ -.............)-.8 F(22)494 398.4 Q 2.5(5. THE)72 412.8 R -(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E(TION FILE)-1.11 E 23.5 -(........................................................ 23)4.64 F 2.5 -(5.1. Con\214guration)87 427.2 R(File Lines)2.5 E 23.5(.......................\ -..............................................................................\ -... 23)2.66 F 2.5(5.1.1. R)102 441.6 R(and S \212 re)2.5 E(writing rules)-.25 E -23.5(.........................................................................\ -................... 23)3.48 F 2.5(5.1.1.1. The)117 456 R(left hand side)2.5 E -23.5(.........................................................................\ -....................... 23)4.07 F 2.5(5.1.1.2. The)117 470.4 R(right hand side) -2.5 E 23.5(...................................................................\ -........................... 24)3.51 F 2.5(5.1.1.3. Semantics)117 484.8 R(of re) -2.5 E(writing rule sets)-.25 E 23.5 -(.......................................................................... 25) -4.6 F 2.5(5.1.1.4. IPC)117 499.2 R 1(mailers .................................\ -.........................................................................)2.5 F -(26)494 499.2 Q 2.5(5.1.2. D)102 513.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne macro)156.72 -513.6 Q 23.5(.................................................................\ -....................................... 26)4.35 F 2.5(5.1.3. C)102 528 R -(and F \212 de\214ne classes)2.5 E 23.5(......................................\ -....................................................... 28)4.62 F 2.5(5.1.4. M) -102 542.4 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne mailer)158.39 542.4 Q 23.5(................\ -..............................................................................\ -......... 29)4.62 F 2.5(5.1.5. H)102 556.8 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne header) -156.72 556.8 Q 23.5(..........................................................\ -.............................................. 31)2.69 F 2.5(5.1.6. O)102 571.2 -R 2.5<8a73>2.5 G(et option)155.61 571.2 Q 23.5(...............................\ -..............................................................................\ - 31)4.61 F 2.5(5.1.7. P)102 585.6 R 2.5<8a70>2.5 G(recedence de\214nitions) -155.06 585.6 Q 23.5(..........................................................\ -................................ 35)3.24 F 2.5(5.1.8. V)102 600 R 2.5<8a63>2.5 -G(on\214guration v)156.16 600 Q(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.62(l.).15 G -23.5(.........................................................................\ -........ 36)265.5 600 R 2.5(5.1.9. K)102 614.4 R 2.5<8a6b>2.5 G .3 -.15 -(ey \214)156.62 614.4 T(le declaration).15 E 23.5(............................\ -.................................................................. 36)4.88 F -2.5(5.2. Building)87 628.8 R 2.5(aC)2.5 G(on\214guration File From Scratch) -158.12 628.8 Q 23.5 -(......................................................................... 38) -3.77 F 2.5(5.2.1. What)102 643.2 R(you are trying to do)2.5 E 23.5(...........\ -..............................................................................\ -.... 38)2.96 F 2.5(5.2.2. Philosoph)102 657.6 R 3.54(y.)-.05 G 23.5(..........\ -..............................................................................\ -........................... 39)180.5 657.6 R 2.5(5.2.2.1. Lar)117 672 R -(ge site, man)-.18 E 2.5(yh)-.15 G(osts \212 minimum information)226.1 672 Q -23.5(................................................ 39)2.72 F 2.5 -(5.2.2.2. Small)117 686.4 R(site \212 complete information)2.5 E 23.5 -(.................................................................... 40)4.89 F -2.5(5.2.2.3. Single)117 700.8 R 1.27(host ....................................\ -.......................................................................)2.5 F -(40)494 700.8 Q 2.5(5.2.2.4. A)117 715.2 R(completely dif)2.5 E -(ferent philosoph)-.25 E 3.26(y.)-.05 G 23.5 -(..................................................................... 40)295.5 -715.2 R EP -%%Page: 4 60 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-4 Sendmail)72 60 R -(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(5.2.3. Rele) -102 96 R -.25(va)-.25 G(nt issues).25 E 23.5(.................................\ -............................................................................ 4\ -0)4.56 F 2.5(5.2.4. Ho)102 110.4 R 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5(op)153.97 110.4 S 2.38(ro\ -ceed .........................................................................\ -...................................)166.47 110.4 R(41)494 110.4 Q 2.5(5.2.5. T) -102 124.8 R(esting the re)-.7 E(writing rules \212 the \255bt \215ag)-.25 E -23.5(.................................................................... 41) -2.99 F 2.5(5.2.6. Building)102 139.2 R(mailer descriptions)2.5 E 23.5(........\ -..............................................................................\ -.. 42)4.61 F 2.5(5.3. The)87 153.6 R(User Database)2.5 E 23.5(................\ -..............................................................................\ -.................. 43)4.92 F 2.5(5.3.1. Structure)102 168 R -(of the user database)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................\ -.......................................... 43)2.7 F 2.5(5.3.2. User)102 182.4 R -(database semantics)2.5 E 23.5(...............................................\ -................................................ 44)3.25 F 2.5(6. O)72 196.8 R -(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E 1.97(TION ..............................................\ -...........................................................)-1.11 F(44)494 -196.8 Q 2.5(6.1. P)87 211.2 R(arameters in src/Mak)-.15 E 1.55(e\214le .......\ -..............................................................................\ -...............)-.1 F(44)494 211.2 Q 2.5(6.2. P)87 225.6 R -(arameters in src/conf.h)-.15 E 23.5(.........................................\ -............................................................... 45)4.23 F 2.5 -(6.3. Con\214guration)87 240 R(in src/conf.c)2.5 E 23.5(......................\ -..............................................................................\ - 47)3.51 F 2.5(6.3.1. Built-in)102 254.4 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E 23.5(.......\ -..............................................................................\ -...... 47)4.9 F 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 268.8 R(Use of Email)2.5 E 23.5(...\ -..............................................................................\ -............. 48)4.34 F 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 283.2 R -1.17 -.74(Av e)2.5 H -(rage Computation).74 E 23.5(.................................................\ -......................................... 49)2.74 F 2.5(6.3.4. Ne)102 297.6 R -2.5(wD)-.25 G(atabase Map Classes)157.85 297.6 Q 23.5(........................\ -................................................................. 49)4.89 F 2.5 -(6.3.5. Queueing)102 312 R 1.56(Function .....................................\ -..................................................................)2.5 F(49)494 -312 Q 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 326.4 R(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E 23.5 -(....................................................................... 50) -2.94 F 2.5(6.3.7. Load)102 340.8 R -1.17 -.74(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation).74 E -23.5(.........................................................................\ -................. 50)2.74 F 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 355.2 R -(in src/daemon.c)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................\ -............................................ 50)4.62 F 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 369.6 -R(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E 23.5(....................................................\ -...................................................... 50)4.9 F 2.5 -(7.1. Connection)87 384 R 1.56(Caching .......................................\ -.......................................................................)2.5 F -(51)494 384 Q 2.5(7.2. MX)87 398.4 R 2.39(Piggybacking .......................\ -..............................................................................\ -............)2.5 F(51)494 398.4 Q 2.5(7.3. RFC)87 412.8 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E -23.5(.........................................................................\ -................................. 51)3.77 F 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 427.2 R -(SMTP Support)2.5 E 23.5(.....................................................\ -.................................................. 51)2.94 F 2.5 -(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 441.6 R .44(Clean .........................................\ -.............................................................................) -2.5 F(51)494 441.6 Q 2.5(7.6. User)87 456 R .47(Database .....................\ -..............................................................................\ -.....................)2.5 F(51)494 456 Q 2.5(7.7. Impro)87 470.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 -G 2.5(dB).15 G(IND Support)154.75 470.4 Q 23.5(...............................\ -........................................................................ 51) -3.81 F 2.5(7.8. K)87 484.8 R -.15(ey)-.25 G(ed Files).15 E 23.5(..............\ -..............................................................................\ -................................ 52)3.35 F 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 499.2 R -(ord Classes)-.8 E 23.5(......................................................\ -......................................................... 52)3.47 F 2.5 -(7.10. Deferred)87 513.6 R(Macro Expansion)2.5 E 23.5(........................\ -......................................................................... 52) -4.65 F 2.5(7.11. IDENT)87 528 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(..................\ -..............................................................................\ -..... 52)2.95 F 2.5(7.12. P)87 542.4 R(arsing Bug Fix)-.15 E .46(es ..........\ -..............................................................................\ -........................)-.15 F(52)494 542.4 Q 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 556.8 R -(En)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Processing).15 E 23.5(....................\ -............................................................ 52)4.37 F 2.5 -(7.14. Owner)87 571.2 R(-List Propag)-.2 E(ates to En)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.27 -(lope ........................................................................\ -............).15 F(52)494 571.2 Q 2.5(7.15. Dynamic)87 585.6 R -(Header Allocation)2.5 E 23.5(................................................\ -................................................ 52)3.25 F 2.5(7.16. Ne)87 600 -R 2.5(wC)-.25 G(ommand Line Flags)139.8 600 Q 23.5(...........................\ -....................................................................... 52)3.2 -F 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 614.4 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E 23.5(................\ -......................................................................... 52) -4.9 F 2.5(7.18. Ne)87 628.8 R 2.5(wa)-.25 G(nd Old Con\214guration Line T) -137.57 628.8 Q .4(ypes .......................................................\ -.......................)-.8 F(53)494 628.8 Q 2.5(7.19. Ne)87 643.2 R 2.5(wO) --.25 G .7(ptions .............................................................\ -...........................................................)140.35 643.2 R(53) -494 643.2 Q 2.5(7.20. Extended)87 657.6 R 1.56(Options .......................\ -..............................................................................\ -...........)2.5 F(53)494 657.6 Q 2.5(7.21. Ne)87 672 R 2.5(wM)-.25 G -(ailer Flags)142.02 672 Q 23.5(...............................................\ -................................................................. 53)4.04 F 2.5 -(7.22. Ne)87 686.4 R 2.5(wP)-.25 G(re-De\214ned Macros)138.69 686.4 Q 23.5(...\ -..............................................................................\ -................... 54)4.06 F 2.5(7.23. Ne)87 700.8 R 2.5(wL)-.25 G(HS T)139.24 -700.8 Q(ok)-.8 E 1.33(en .....................................................\ -.............................................................)-.1 F(54)494 -700.8 Q 2.5(7.24. Bigger)87 715.2 R(Def)2.5 E(aults ..........................\ -..............................................................................\ -............)-.1 E(54)494 715.2 Q EP -%%Page: 5 61 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q -(SMM:08-5)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(7.25. Dif)87 96 R(ferent Def) --.25 E(ault T)-.1 E(uning P)-.45 E 1.99(arameters ............................\ -......................................................)-.15 F(54)494 96 Q 2.5 -(7.26. Auto-Quoting)87 110.4 R(in Addresses)2.5 E 23.5(.......................\ -.......................................................................... 54) -3.51 F 2.5(7.27. Symbolic)87 124.8 R(Names On Error Mailer)2.5 E 23.5(........\ -..............................................................................\ - 54)4.91 F 2.5(7.28. SMTP)87 139.2 R(VRFY Doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tE)-.18 G 1.18(xpan\ -d ............................................................................\ -................)209.88 139.2 R(54)494 139.2 Q 2.5(7.29. [IPC])87 153.6 R -(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.25 G(ultiple Hosts)205.91 153.6 Q 23.5(..........\ -......................................................................... 54) -3.75 F 2.5(7.30. Aliases)87 168 R 1.29(Extended ..............................\ -..............................................................................\ -.....)2.5 F(55)494 168 Q 2.5(7.31. Portability)87 182.4 R -(and Security Enhancements)2.5 E 23.5(........................................\ -....................................... 55)2.68 F 2.5(7.32. Miscellaneous)87 -196.8 R 1.29(Changes .........................................................\ -..............................................)2.5 F(55)494 196.8 Q 2.5(8. A)72 -211.2 R(CKNO)-.4 E .1(WLEDGEMENTS ............................................\ -................................................................)-.35 F(55)494 -211.2 Q(Appendix A.)72 225.6 Q(COMMAND LINE FLA)5 E 1.97(GS ..................\ -.......................................................................)-.4 F -(56)494 225.6 Q(Appendix B.)72 240 Q -.1(QU)5 G(EUE FILE FORMA).1 E 1.38(TS ..\ -..............................................................................\ -............)-1.11 F(58)494 240 Q(Appendix C.)72 254.4 Q(SUMMAR)5 E 2.5(YO)-.65 -G 2.5(FS)188.85 254.4 S(UPPOR)202.47 254.4 Q 2.5(TF)-.6 G 1.12(ILES ..........\ -....................................................................)248.27 -254.4 R(60)494 254.4 Q EP -%%Trailer -end -%%EOF |