.\" $NetBSD: blacklistd.conf.5,v 1.9 2019/11/06 20:33:30 para Exp $
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
.\" by Christos Zoulas.
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.Dd May 18, 2020
.Dt BLACKLISTD.CONF 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm blacklistd.conf
.Nd configuration file format for blacklistd
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
file contains configuration entries for
.Xr blacklistd 8
in a fashion similar to
.Xr inetd.conf 5 .
Only one entry per line is permitted.
Every entry must have all fields populated.
Each field can be separated by a tab or a space.
Comments are denoted by a
.Dq #
at the beginning of a line.
.Pp
There are two kinds of configuration lines,
.Va local
and
.Va remote .
By default, configuration lines are
.Va local ,
i.e. the address specified refers to the addresses on the local machine.
To switch to between
.Va local
and
.Va remote
configuration lines you can specify the stanzas:
.Dq [local]
and
.Dq [remote] .
.Pp
On
.Va local
and
.Va remote
lines
.Dq *
means use the default, or wildcard match.
In addition, for
.Va remote
lines
.Dq =
means use the values from the matched
.Va local
configuration line.
.Pp
The first four fields,
.Va location ,
.Va type ,
.Va proto ,
and
.Va owner
are used to match the
.Va local
or
.Va remote
addresses, whereas the last 3 fields
.Va name ,
.Va nfail ,
and
.Va disable
are used to modify the filtering action.
.Pp
The first field denotes the
.Va location
as an address, mask, and port.
The syntax for the
.Va location
is:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
	[<address>|<interface>][/<mask>][:<port>]
.Ed
.Pp
The
.Dv address
can be an IPv4 address in numeric format, an IPv6 address
in numeric format and enclosed by square brackets, or an interface name.
Mask modifiers are not allowed on interfaces because interfaces
can have multiple addresses in different protocols where the mask has a different
size.
.Pp
The
.Dv mask
is always numeric, but the
.Dv port
can be either numeric or symbolic.
.Pp
The second field is the socket
.Va type :
.Dv stream ,
.Dv dgram ,
or numeric.
The third field is the
.Va protocol :
.Dv tcp ,
.Dv udp ,
.Dv tcp6 ,
.Dv udp6 ,
or numeric.
The fourth field is the effective user
.Va ( owner )
of the daemon process reporting the event,
either as a username or a userid.
.Pp
The rest of the fields control the behavior of the filter.
.Pp
The
.Va name
field, is the name of the packet filter rule to be used.
If the
.Va name
starts with a
.Dq - ,
then the default rulename is prepended to the given name.
If the
.Dv name
contains a
.Dq / ,
the remaining portion of the name is interpreted as the mask to be
applied to the address specified in the rule, causing a single rule violation to
block the entire subnet for the configured prefix.
.Pp
The
.Va nfail
field contains the number of failed attempts before access is blocked,
defaulting to
.Dq *
meaning never, and the last field
.Va disable
specifies the amount of time since the last access that the blocking
rule should be active, defaulting to
.Dq *
meaning forever.
The default unit for
.Va disable
is seconds, but one can specify suffixes for different units, such as
.Dq m
for minutes
.Dq h
for hours and
.Dq d
for days.
.Pp
Matching is done first by checking the
.Va local
rules individually, in the order of the most specific to the least specific.
If a match is found, then the
.Va remote
rules are applied.
The
.Va name ,
.Va nfail ,
and
.Va disable
fields can be altered by the
.Va remote
rule that matched.
.Pp
The
.Va remote
rules can be used for allowing specific addresses, changing the mask
size, the rule that the packet filter uses, the number of failed attempts,
or the block duration.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/blacklistd.conf -compact
.It Pa /etc/blacklistd.conf
Configuration file.
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
.Bd -literal -offset 8n
# Block ssh, after 3 attempts for 6 hours on the bnx0 interface
[local]
# location	type	proto	owner	name	nfail	duration
bnx0:ssh	*	*	*	*	3	6h
[remote]
# Never block 1.2.3.4
1.2.3.4:ssh	*	*	*	*	*	*
# For addresses coming from 8.8.0.0/16 block class C networks instead
# individual hosts, but keep the rest of the blocking parameters the same.
8.8.0.0/16:ssh	*	*	*	/24	=	=
.Ed
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr blacklistctl 8 ,
.Xr blacklistd 8
.Sh HISTORY
.Nm
first appeared in
.Nx 7 .
.Fx
support for
.Nm
was implemented in
.Fx 11 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An Christos Zoulas