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authorVanilla I. Shu <vanilla@FreeBSD.org>1999-01-30 23:20:34 +0000
committerVanilla I. Shu <vanilla@FreeBSD.org>1999-01-30 23:20:34 +0000
commit80b2078094c8df7aecab0ff52101d8be122e13ee (patch)
tree7f35339abf4f5d529395e744ea039a1525178b04 /zh_TW.Big5
parent7401d9bca9f9192d7c1ad035ded61e36f83bdb15 (diff)
Notes
Diffstat (limited to 'zh_TW.Big5')
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/FAQ.sgml69
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/Makefile12
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/acknowledgments.sgml43
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/admin.sgml810
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/applications.sgml139
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/commercial.sgml99
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hackers.sgml492
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hardware.sgml353
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/includes.sgml6
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/install.sgml632
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/kernelconfig.sgml89
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/misc.sgml242
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/network.sgml1158
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/preface.sgml549
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/serial.sgml489
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/troubleshoot.sgml446
-rw-r--r--zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/x.sgml336
17 files changed, 5964 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/FAQ.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/FAQ.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5ef21aee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/FAQ.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+<!-- $Id: FAQ.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.101 -->
+
+<!DOCTYPE linuxdoc PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD linuxdoc//EN" [
+<!ENTITY % includes SYSTEM "includes.sgml"> %includes;
+<!ENTITY preface SYSTEM "preface.sgml">
+<!ENTITY install SYSTEM "install.sgml">
+<!ENTITY hardware SYSTEM "hardware.sgml">
+<!ENTITY troubleshoot SYSTEM "troubleshoot.sgml">
+<!ENTITY commercial SYSTEM "commercial.sgml">
+<!ENTITY applications SYSTEM "applications.sgml">
+<!ENTITY kernelconfig SYSTEM "kernelconfig.sgml">
+<!ENTITY admin SYSTEM "admin.sgml">
+<!ENTITY x SYSTEM "x.sgml">
+<!ENTITY network SYSTEM "network.sgml">
+<!ENTITY serial SYSTEM "serial.sgml">
+<!ENTITY misc SYSTEM "misc.sgml">
+<!ENTITY hackers SYSTEM "hackers.sgml">
+<!ENTITY acknowledgments SYSTEM "acknowledgments.sgml">
+]>
+
+<article>
+
+ <title>Frequently Asked Questions for FreeBSD 2.X</title>
+ <author>
+ <name>The FreeBSD Documentation Project</name>
+ </author>
+
+ <date>$Date: 1999-01-30 23:20:34 $</date>
+
+ <abstract>
+ This is the FAQ for FreeBSD systems version 2.X All entries are
+ assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 2.0.5 and later, unless otherwise noted.
+ Any entries with a &lt;XXX&gt; are under construction.
+ If you are interested in helping with this project, send
+ email to the the FreeBSD documentation project mailing list <htmlurl
+ url="mailto:freebsd-doc@freebsd.org" name="<freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG>">.
+ The latest version of this document is always available from the <url
+ url="http://www.FreeBSD.ORG/" name="FreeBSD World Wide Web server">.
+ It may also be downloaded in <url url="FAQ.latin1" name="plain text">,
+ <url url="FAQ.ps" name="postscript">,
+ <url url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/docs/FAQ.pdf" name="PDF">
+ or <url url="FAQ-html.tar.gz"
+ name="HTML"> with HTTP or gzip'd from the <url
+ url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/docs" name="FreeBSD FTP server">.
+ You may also want to <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/search/search.html" name="Search the FAQ">.
+
+ </abstract>
+
+ <toc>
+
+&preface;
+&install;
+&hardware;
+&troubleshoot;
+&commercial;
+&applications;
+&kernelconfig;
+&admin;
+&x;
+&network;
+&serial;
+&misc;
+&hackers;
+&acknowledgments;
+
+</article>
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/Makefile b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4df134966d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# $Id: Makefile,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $
+
+.NOTPARALLEL:
+
+SGMLOPTS=-links -e big5
+DOC= FAQ
+SRCS= FAQ.sgml acknowledgments.sgml admin.sgml applications.sgml
+SRCS+= commercial.sgml hackers.sgml hardware.sgml install.sgml
+SRCS+= kernelconfig.sgml misc.sgml network.sgml preface.sgml
+SRCS+= serial.sgml troubleshoot.sgml x.sgml
+
+.include <bsd.sgml.mk>
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/acknowledgments.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/acknowledgments.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..377c4c3f3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/acknowledgments.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<!-- $Id: acknowledgments.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by vanilla@FreeBSD.ORG -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.1 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>·PÁÂ<label id="acknowledgments"></heading>
+
+ <p>
+ <verb>
+ °²¦p±z¦b³o¥÷ FAQ ¤¤§ä¨ì¿ù»~ªº¦a¤è, ©Î¬O±z·Q¼W¥[¨Ç¬Æ»ò,
+ ½Ð¼g«Ê«H¨ì <FAQ@FreeBSD.ORG>. §Ú­Ì«D±`·PÁ±zªº«ØÄ³,
+ ¦]¬°±zªº«ØÄ³Åý³o¥÷¤å¥óÅܱo§ó¦n!
+
+
+ FreeBSD Core Team
+ </verb>
+
+ <descrip>
+ <tag/Jordan Hubbard/
+ ¤£°±ªº§ó·s¹L®Éªº FAQ.
+
+ <tag/Doug White/
+ ¸g±`¦b freebsd-questions ¤W¦^µª°ÝÃD
+
+ <tag/Joerg Wunsch/
+ ¸g±`¦b Usenet ¤W¦^µª°ÝÃD
+
+ <tag/Garrett Wollman/
+ Networking and formatting
+
+ <tag/Jim Lowe/
+ Multicast information
+
+ <tag/Peter da Silva/
+ FreeBSD FAQ ³o¥÷¤å¥óªº¥´¦r­W¤u
+
+ <tag/The FreeBSD Team/
+ Kvetching, moaning, submitting data
+ </descrip>
+
+ <p>¹ï©ó¨º¨Ç´¿¸g¹ï³o¥÷ FAQ ´£¨ÑÀ°§U, ¦Ó§Ú­Ì¨S´£¨ìªº¤H­Ì, §Ú­Ì¥Ñ°Jªº·PÁ±z!
+ </sect>
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/admin.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/admin.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e13f733bca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/admin.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,810 @@
+<!-- $Id: admin.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by foxfair@FreeBSD.ORG -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.12 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>¨t²ÎºÞ²z<label id="admin"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¨t²Î°_©l³]©wÀɦb­þ¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>±q 2.0.5R ¨ì 2.2.1R¡A¥D­nªº³]©wÀɬO <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt>¡C
+ ©Ò¦³ªº¿ï¶µ³£³Q©w¸q¦b³o­ÓÀÉ¡A¦Ó¨ä¥L¹³ <htmlurl url=
+ "http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc" name="/etc/rc">
+ ©M <tt>/etc/netstart</tt> ¥u¬O¤Þ¥Î¥¦¡C
+
+ <p>Æ[¹î <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> ³o­ÓÀɨíץ¿¨ä­È¥H¾A¦X§Aªº¨t²Î¡C
+ ³o­ÓÀɥεù¸Ñ¶ñº¡¥Hªí¥Ü¦ó³B¸Ó©ñ¸m¤°»ò³]©w¡C
+
+ <p>¦b 2.2.1 ©M 3.0 ¥H«á¡A<tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> §ó¦W¬°¤@­Ó§ó®e
+ ©ö´y­zªºÀɦW¥s <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf(5)" name="rc.conf">
+ ¡A¨Ã¥B»yªk¶i¤Æ¦¨¥u³Ñ¤@­Ó¦ì¤¸¡C<tt>/etc/netstart</tt> ¥ç§ó¦W¬°
+ <tt>/etc/rc.network</tt> ¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªºÀɮ׳£¥i¥H¥Î <tt><htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?cp" name="cp"> /usr/src/etc/rc*
+ /etc</tt> ¨Ó«þ¨©¡C
+
+ <p><tt>/etc/rc.local</tt> ¥X²{¨Ã¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó±Ò°ÊÃB¥~ªº¥»¦aªA°È¹³¬O
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^inn" name="INN">
+ ©Î¬Y¨Ç­Ó¤H¿ï¶µ¡C
+
+ <p><tt>/etc/rc.serial</tt> ¥Î¨Óªì©l¤Æ§Ç¦C°ð(¹³¬OÂê¦í°ðªº¯S©Êµ¥¡^¡C
+
+ <p><tt>/etc/rc.i386</tt> ¬O Intel ¯S®íªº³]©w¡A¹³¬O iBCS2 ¼ÒÀÀ©Î¬O PC
+ ¨t²Î¥D±±¥x³]©w¡C
+
+ <p>¥Ñ 2.1.0R ¶}©l¡A§A¤]¥i¥H¦b <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> (©Î
+ <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt>) ¸Ì«ü©w¥Ø¿ý¾Ö¦³"¥»¦a"°_©lÀÉ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ # Location of local startup files.
+ local_startup=/usr/local/etc/rc.local.d
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¨C­Ó¥H <tt/.sh/ µ²§ÀªºÀɱN¥H¦r¥À¶¶§Ç³Q°õ¦æ¡C
+
+ <p>°²¦p§A·Q½T«O¬Y­Ó°õ¦æ¶¶§Ç¤S¤£·Q§ï©Ò¦³ªºÀɦW¡A§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó²³æ
+ ªº¬[ºc¦p¤U¡A§Q¥Î¨Æ¥ý¦w±Æ¨ì¨C­ÓÀɦW«eªº¼Æ¦r¨Ó½T«O¶¶§Ç¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ 10news.sh
+ 15httpd.sh
+ 20ssh.sh
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¥i¯à¬Ý°_¨Ó¦³ÂIÁà(©ÎÃþ¦ü SysV :-)) ¦ý¬O¥¦´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó²³æ¦Ó³W«ßªº
+ ¬[ºcÅý¥»¦a¥[¤Jªº®M¥ó¤£¶·½s¿è <tt>/etc/rc.local</tt> ´N¯à­«·s±Æ
+ §Ç¡C³\¦hªº ports/packages °²³] <tt>/usr/local/etc/rc.d</tt> ¬O
+ ¥»¦a°_©lªº¥Ø¿ý¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó²³æ¦a¥[¤J¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¨Ï¥Î <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?adduser"
+ name="adduser"> «ü¥O¡C
+
+ <p>¥t¥~¤]¦³­Ó®M¥ó¥s ``<tt/new-account/'' ¥Ñ Ollivier Robert ¥H
+ Perl ¼g¥X¡C¥i¦V <tt>&lt;roberto@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt> ¸ß°Ý¥¦¡C
+ ¥Ø«e¥¿¦bµo®i¶¥¬q¡C
+
+ <p>­n¦A¦¸²¾°£¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¨Ï¥Î <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rmuser" name="rmuser"> «ü¥O¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò§â·sµwºÐ¥[¤J FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤¤¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¹î¬Ý <url url="../tutorials/diskformat/" name="www.freebsd.org">
+ ªººÏºÐ®æ¦¡¤Æ«ü¾É¤å¥ó¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¦³¤@­Ó·sªº¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸m¡A§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸mµL½×¬O ZIP ©Î EZ(©Î¬Æ¦Ü¬O³nºÐ¾÷¡A¦pªG§A­n³o¼Ë¨Ï¥Î
+ ¥¦)¡A©Î¬O¤@­Ó·sªºµwºÐ¡A¥u­n¬O¦w¸Ë¨Ã¥Ñ¨t²Î­«²Õ¡A¦Ó§A¦³ºÏ¤ù§X
+ /³nºÐ¤ù/©Î¨ä¥LªF¦è¥i¥H´¡¤J¡A¨º³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m¦ü¥G³£¬OÃþ¦ü¥\¯àªºªF
+ ¦è¡C
+
+ <p><label id="disklabel">(¥»¸`¥D­n¥Ñ <url
+ url="http://www.vmunix.com/mark/FreeBSD/ZIP-FAQ.html"
+ name="Mark Mayo's ZIP FAQ"> ¤Þ¤J)
+
+ <p>°²¦p¬O ZIP ©Î³nºÐ¾÷¡A§A¤w¸g¦b¤W­±¦³ DOS Àɮרt²Î¡A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î
+ ¹³³o¼Ëªº©R¥O¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ mount -t msdos /dev/fd0c /floppy
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦pªG¥u¬O³nºÐ¾÷¡A¨º´N³o¼Ë¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ mount -t msdos /dev/sd2s4 /zip
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¹ï ZIP ºÏ¤ù¨Ó»¡¬O¨Ï¥Î¥X¼t¹w³]­È¡C
+
+ <p>¨ä¥LºÏ¤ù¡A¥Î <tt/fdisk/ ©Î <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> ¹î¬Ý
+ ¦p¦ó°t¸m¡C
+
+ <p>±µ¤U¨Ó³o­Ó½d¨Ò¬O ZIP ¸Ë¦b sd2¡A²Ä¤T­Ó SCSI ºÏºÐ¡C
+
+ <p>¤£¹³³nºÐ¾÷¡A©Î¤@­Ó§A­pµe¸ò¨ä¥L¤H¤À¨É¨Ï¥Îªº¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸m¡A¥Î
+ BSD Àɮרt²Î³e¬ï¥¦¥i¯à¬O¤@­Ó¤ñ¸û¦nªº¥D·N¡C§A±N¾Ö¦³ªøÀɦW¤ä´©
+ ¡A¦Ü¤Ö¨â­¿¥H¤Wªº®Ä²v¼W¶i¡A§ó°ªªºÃ­©w«×¡C­º¥ý¡A§A»Ý­n­«·s»s§@
+ DOS ¼hªº¤À³Î°Ï/Àɮרt²Î¡C§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î <htmlurl url=
+ "http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?fdisk" name="fdisk"> ©Î
+ <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt>¡A©Î¹ï¤@­Ó§A¤£·Q¤ä´©¦h­«§@·~¨t²Îªº
+ ¤pºÏºÐ¡A¥u­n§â¥¦¹º¤À¦¨¾ã­Ó FAT ¤À³Îªí(slices)¨Ã¥Î¥H¤U BSD ¤À
+ ³Îªk¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsd2 count=2
+ disklabel -Brw sd2 auto
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î disklabel ©Î <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> ¥h«Ø¥ß¦h­«
+ BSD ¤À³Î°Ï¡CµLºÃªº¦pªG§A¥¿¦bµwºÐ¾÷¤W¼W¥[¸m´«ªÅ¶¡(swap space)®É
+ §A´N»Ý­n³o»ò°µ¡A¦ý¬O¦b¥i²¾°£¸Ë¸m¦p ZIP ¤W³o¬OµL·N¸qªº¡C
+
+ <p>³Ì«á¡A«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó·sªºÀɮרt²Î¡C¦b ZIP ¸Ë¸m¤W¬O¨Ï¥Î¾ã­ÓºÏºÐ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ newfs /dev/rsd2c
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¨Ã¥B§â¥¦±¾¤W(mount)¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ mount /dev/sd2c /zip
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦b <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?fstab"
+ name="/etc/fstab"> ¥[¤W¤U­±³o¤@¦æ¥i¯à¬O¤@­Ó¦n¥D·N¡A§A¥H«á´N¥u
+ ­n¥´"mount /zip" :
+
+ <verb>
+ /dev/sd2c /zip ffs rw,noauto 0 0
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò±¾¤W¦¸­nªº DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¦¸­n DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¬O¦b©Ò¦³¥D­n¤À³Î°Ï¤§«á³Q§ä¨ì¡AÁ|¨Ò¡A¦pªG§A¦³¤@­Ó
+ "E" ¤À³Î°Ï¦b²Ä¤G­Ó SCSI ¸Ë¸mªº²Ä¤G­Ó DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡A§A»Ý­n¦b /dev ¤U
+ «Ø¥ß "slice 5" ªº¯S®íÀɮסAµM«á±¾¤W /dev/sd1s5¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ # cd /dev
+ # ./MAKEDEV sd1s5
+ # mount -t msdos /dev/sd1s5 /dos/e
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤U±¾¤W¨ä¥L²§½è©ÊÀɮרt²Î¶Ü¡S</heading>
+
+ <p><bf/ Digital UNIX/ UFS ¥úºÐ¾÷¥i¥Hª½±µ±¾¦b FreeBSD ¤W¡C±q Digital
+ UNIX ©M¨ä¥L¤ä´© UFS ®æ¦¡ªº¨t²Î±¾¤WºÏºÐ¤À³Î°ÏÀ³¸Ó§ó½ÆÂø¡A¥D­n²Ó¸`
+ ¬O¨Ì¿à§@·~¨t²ÎªººÏºÐ¤À³Îªk¡C
+
+ <p><bf/ Linux/: 2.2 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»¤ä´© <bf/ext2fs/ ¤À³Î°Ï¡A½Ð¬d¾\
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?mount_ext2fs"
+ name="mount_ext2fs"> ¦³§ó¦h¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <p>´£¨Ñ¥ô¦ó³o­Ó¥DÃDªº¨ä¥L¸ê°T±N³Q­«µø¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î NT loader ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>³Ì´¶¹Mªº·Qªk¬O§â§Aªº native FreeBSD root ¤À³Î°Ï
+ ªº²Ä¤@­ÓºÏ°Ï«þ¨©¨ì DOS/NT ¤À³Î°Ï¸Ìªº¤@­ÓÀɮפº¡C°²³]
+ §A©R¦W¥¦¡G<tt>c:&bsol;bootsect.bsd</tt>
+ (¥Ñ <tt>c:&bsol;bootsect.dos</tt> ±Â·N¦Ó¨Ó)¡A±µµÛ§A¥i¥H½s¿è
+ <tt>c:&bsol;boot.ini</tt> Àɮפº®e¦p¤U¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ [boot loader]
+ timeout=30
+ default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
+ [operating systems]
+ multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Windows NT"
+ C:\BOOTSECT.BSD="FreeBSD"
+ C:\="DOS"
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦¹µ{§Ç°²³] DOS¡ANT¡AFreeBSD¡A©Î¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¤w¸g³Q¦w¸Ë¦b
+ <bf/¦P¤@­Ó/ ºÏºÐªº¦U¦Û¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥»¨Ò¤¤§Úªº DOS &amp; NT ¬O¦b²Ä¤@
+ ­Ó¤À³Î°Ï¦Ó FreeBSD ¦b²Ä¤G­Ó¡C§Ú¤]§â FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë¦¨¥Ñ native
+ partition ±Ò°Ê¡A<bf/¦Ó¤£¬O/ ±qºÏºÐªº MBR¡C
+
+ <p>±¾¤W¤@­Ó DOS ®æ¦¡¤Æªº³nºÐ¡]°²¦p§A¤w¸gÂà´«¨ì NTFS¡^©Î FAT ¤À³Î°Ï
+ ¨ì <tt>/mnt</tt>¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ dd if=/dev/rsd0a of=/mnt/bootsect.bsd bs=512 count=1
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>­«·s¶}¾÷¶i¤J DOS ©Î NT¡CNTFS ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ§â <tt/bootsect.bsd/ ¥H¤Î/©Î
+ <tt/bootsect.lnx/ ±q³nºÐ«þ¨©¨ì <tt/C:&bsol;/¡C­×§ï <tt/boot.ini/
+ ªºÄÝ©Ê(¦s¨ú³\¥i)¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ attrib -s -r c:\boot.ini
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>½s¿è¨Ã±q <tt/boot.ini/ ªº½d¨Ò¤W¥[¤J¬ÛÃö¾A·íªº¶µ¥Ø¡A¦A§âÄݩʦ^´_
+ ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ attrib -r -s c:\boot.ini
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦pªG FreeBSD ¬O¥Ñ MBR ±Ò°Ê¡A¦b§A­«·s³]©w±q­þ­Ó­ì¥Í¤À³Î°Ï±Ò°Ê«á
+ ¥Î DOS ªºªº ``<tt/fdisk/'' ©R¥O¦^´_¥¦¡G
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¥Î LILO ±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¦b¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷¸Ì¦³ FreeBSD ©M Linux¡A¥u­n¸òÀH LILO ªº¦w
+ ¸Ë«ü¥O¡A±q¤@­Ó«D Linux §@·~¨t²Î±Ò°Ê¡C²²¤»¡©ú¦p¤U¡G
+
+ <p>±Ò°Ê Linux¡A¨Ã¦b <tt>/etc/lilo.conf</tt> ¤¤¥[¤J¥H¤U´X¦æ¡G
+ <verb>
+ other=/dev/hda2
+ table=/dev/hda
+ label=FreeBSD
+ </verb>
+ ¡]¤W­±¬O°²³]§Aªº FreeBSD slice ¦b Linux ¬O <tt>/dev/hda2</tt>¡F½Ð
+ °t¦X¦Û¤vªº³]©w¡^¡CµM«á¡A¥Î root °õ¦æ <tt>lilo</tt> À³¸Ó´N§¹¦¨¤F¡C
+
+ <p>°²¦p FreeBSD ¦b¥t¥~¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¡A§A¥²¶·¦b LILO ¿ï¶µ¤¤¥[¤J
+ ``<tt>loader=/boot/chain.b</tt>''¡AÁ|¨Ò¡G
+ <verb>
+ other=/dev/sdb4
+ table=/dev/sdb
+ loader=/boot/chain.b
+ label=FreeBSD
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¬Y¨Ç±¡§Î§A¥²¶·«ü©w BIOS ºÏºÐ¥N¸¹µ¹ FreeBSD ±Ò°Ê¸ü¤Jµ{¦¡¥H¯à±q²Ä
+ ¤GºÏºÐ¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡CÁ|¨Ò¡A°²¦p§Aªº FreeBSD SCSI ºÏºÐ¦b BIOS ¤¤°»´ú
+ ¬O BIOS disk 1¡A¨º¦b FreeBSD ±Ò°Ê¸ü¤Jµ{¦¡ªº´£¥Ü¸¹¥X²{®É§A¥²¶·«ü
+ ©w¡G
+ <verb>
+ Boot: 1:sd(0,a)/kernel
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦b FreeBSD 2.2.5 ©M¤§«áªºª©¥»¡A§A¥i¥H³]©w <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?boot(8)" name="boot(8)">
+ ³o¼Ë¨C¦¸±Ò°Ê®É´N·|¦Û°ÊÀ°§A°õ¦æ¡C
+
+ <p><htmlurl url="http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/Linux+FreeBSD.html"
+ name="Linux+FreeBSD mini-HOWTO"> ¬O FreeBSD ©M Linux ¦@¥Î¾Þ§@ªº¨}¦n
+ °Ñ¦Ò¤å¥ó¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î BootEasy ¨Ó±Ò°Ê FreeBSD ©M Linux¡S
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦b§Aªº Linux ±Ò°Ê¤À³Î°Ï¦w¸Ë LILO ¨ú¥N¥D­n±Ò°Ê¸ê®Æ(Master Boot
+ Record)¡C±µµÛ§A¥i¥H±q BootEasy ±Ò°Ê LILO¡C
+
+ <p>°²¦p§A¥¿¦b°õ¦æ Windows-95 ©M Linux¡A³o¬O¤@­Ó«ØÄ³¤èªk¡G­n§ó²³æªº
+ ±q Linux ¦A¦¸±Ò°Ê¦b©ó§A¬O§_À³¸Ó­«·s¦w¸Ë Windows95¡]³o¬O¤@­Óµ½§ª
+ ªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A¥¦À£­¢¤£Åý¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¦s¦b©ó¥D­n±Ò°Ê°O¿ý¤º¡^¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¤@­Ó©Ò¿×``¦MÀI©^Äm''ªººÏºÐ¦³®`¶Ü¡S
+ </heading>
+
+ <p><label id="dedicate">¦w¸Ëµ{§Ç¤¹³\§A¿ï¾Ü¨âºØ¤£¦Pªº¤èªk¨Ó¤À³Î§Aªº
+ ºÏºÐ¾÷¡C¤º©w¤èªk¬O¦b¦P¤@¥x¾÷¾¹¤W©M¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¥i¥H¬Û®e¡A¦ý¬O
+ ¨Ï¥Î fdisk table entries(FreeBSD ¸ÌºÙ¤§¬°``slices'')¡AFreeBSD
+ ªº slice ´N¬O¨Ï¥Î¾ã­Ó¦Û¤vªº¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥i¨Ñ¿ï¾Üªº¬O¡A§A¥i¥H¿ï¾Ü¦w¸Ë
+ ±Ò°Ê¿ï¾Ü¾¹(boot-selector) ¦bºÏºÐ¾÷ªº¼Æ­Ó¥i¯à§@·~¨t²Î¤W¨Ó¦^¤Á´«¡C
+
+ <p>²{¦b¡A³o¬O¬Y¨Ç±`¨£±¡§Î¡A¤H­Ì¥u¦³ PC ªº¨Ï¥Î­I´º¡C§ó¦h¥»¨Ó´¿¨Ï¥Î
+ Unix ¤S·Q§â¾÷¾¹³]©w¥u°õ¦æ FreeBSD ªº¤H¡A¤j¦h·|¥Î¶Ç²Î Unix ªº¤è
+ ªkÅý¤@­Ó§@·~¨t²Î¦û¾Ú¾ã­ÓºÏºÐ¡A±q³Ì¶}ÀYªº²Ä¤@­ÓºÏ°Ï¨ì³Ì«á¤@­Ó¡C
+ ¤@­Ó¯u¹êªº fdisk table ¨Ã¦b³o­Ó±¡§Î¤¤¨Ã¨S¦³¹ê½è¥\¥Î¡A¾÷¾¹¤W¤@¤Ñ
+ 24 ¤p®É¡A¨C¶g¤C¤ÑµL®É¤£¨è¦a³£¦b°õ¦æ FreeBSD¡A¬Æ¦Ü¨S¦³±Ò°Ê¨ä¥L§@
+ ·~¨t²Î¡C¦]¦¹¡A¦pªG§A¦b sysinstall ªº fdsik ½s¿è¾¹¸Ì¿ï¾Ü
+ ``A)ll FreeBSD''¡A¨Ã¥Î ``No'' ¦^µª¤U¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¡A§A´N¬O¦b³oºØ¼Ò¦¡¤¤
+ ¡C­È±oª`·Nªº¬O³o¥Nªí BSD bootstrap ¤]¥Ñ³o¥xºÏºÐ¾÷ªº MBR ©Ò²£¥Í¡A
+ ¦]¦¹¨S¦³¯d¤UªÅ¶¡µ¹¨ä¥L¹³¬O±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­ûªºµ{¦¡¡C¤£­n¸ÕµÛ¥h¦w¸Ë¥¦¡A¤£
+ µM§A·|§â BSD bootsrtap §ËÃa¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¦]¦¹¬°¦ó¥s¥¦``¦MÀIªº''¡S¤@­Ó³B©ó³oºØ¼Ò¦¡ªººÏºÐ¾÷¤£¥]§t±N³Q¥¿
+ ±` PC ¤½¥Îµ{¦¡µø¬°¦³®Äªº fdisk table¡C¨Ì´`¥¦­Ì³Q³]­pªº¼Ò¦¡¡A¥u
+ ­n¥¦­Ì¦b³o¼Ë¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷¤¤¤@¥¹³QIJ¤Î¥i¯à´N·|²£¥Í¿ù»~ªº´£¥Ü¡A©Î§ó
+ ÁV¿|ªº¡A¥i¯à¥¼¸g´£¥Ü©Î³qª¾§A´N§â FreeBSD bootstrap §ËÃa¡C¤@¨Ç¦b
+ PC ¤W¼sªx¨Ï¥Îªº§@·~¨t²Î´N¦³³oºØ ``¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤£¤Íµ½©Ê'' ªº¦s¦b(·íµM
+ ¡A¥¦­ÌºÙ¤§¬°``¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¤Íµ½©Ê'')¡C¦Ü¤Ö¤wª¾¦b HP Netservers ¤Wªº
+ Award BIOS(¥¦¨Ã¤£¬O°ß¤@ªº¯S¨Ò)´N¬O·|©¿²¤¥ô¦ó¥¦»{¬°¨S¦³¦³®Ä
+ fdisk ¦CªíªºµwºÐ¡C³o¾É­P¥¦±Ò°Ê®É¡A²²¤ªº©¿²¤¹L³o¼Ë¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¸Ë¸m¡A
+ ¤Á´«¨ì³nºÐ¾÷¡AµM«á¥u¬O¸ò§A¦RµÛ``Ū¨ú¿ù»~''ªº°T®§¡C«ÜÅý¤H¦L¶H²`
+ ¨è§a¡S©Î³\¥L­Ì¤]¥s³o¬°``¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤Íµ½©Ê''¡A½Öª¾¹D¡S
+
+ <p>³oºØ¼Ò¦¡ªº¦n³B¬O¡GFreeBSD ¾Ö¦³¾ã­ÓºÏºÐ¡A¤£»Ý­n¦]¬° 1980 ¦~¥N
+ ²²¤ªº¤À³Î¼Ò¦¡±j­¢¤@¨Ç¤H³y¦Ó²{¦b¬Ý°_¨ÓµL·N¸qªº­­¨î¦b³o¨Ç¤À³Î¸Ó
+ «ç»ò³Q§¹¦¨¡A®ö¶O¦n´X­ÓµêÀÀªº``ºÏ­y''¡C³o¨Ç­­¨î®É±`¾É­P¥i¯àÅܦ¨
+ PC ªº OS ¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤³Ì¤jªºÀYµh¡A´X¦ó¾Ç¿ù»~ªº·f°t³o¨â­Ó®t²§ªºª§
+ ½×µ²ªG¡A¬O¦b fdisk ¦Cªí¤¤Àx¦s¤À³Î¸ê°T®É¹L³Ñªº¤èªk¡C½Ð¬d¾\
+ <ref id="missing_os" name="Missing Operating System">¡C
+ ¦b``§¹¥þ©^Äm''ªº¼Ò¦¡¤U¡ABSD bootstrap ±qºÏ°Ï 0 ¶}©l¡A³o¬O°ß¤@
+ ¯àÂà´«¦P¤@­Ó C/H/S ­ÈªººÏ°Ï¡A¤£ºÞ§Aªº BIOS ¦p¦ó``Âà´«''§AªººÏ
+ ºÐ¡C¦]¦¹¡A§A¤]¥i¥H¦b¨t²Î/±±¨î¾¹¤§¶¡¥H¤@ºØ¤£¦PªºÂà´«¬[ºc¸m´«ºÏ
+ ºÐ¡A¦Ó¤£¶·©Ó¾á¥¢±Ñ«áºÏºÐ¾÷¦A¤]¤£·|±Ò°Êªº­·ÀI¡C
+
+ <p>­n§â``¦MÀI©^Äm''ªººÏºÐ¦^´_¨ì¥¿±` PC ¨Ï¥Î¡A°ò¥»¤W¦³¨â­Ó¿ï¾Ü¡C
+ ²Ä¤@­Ó¬O§A§â¨¬°÷ªº NULL ¦ì¤¸²Õ¼g¤J MBR ½T«O¥ô¦óÀH«áªº¦w¸Ëµ{
+ ¦¡¬Û«H³o¥u¬O¤@­ÓªÅ¥ÕªººÏºÐ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡§A¥i¥H³o¼Ë°µ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsd0 count=15
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>©Î¬O±Ä¥Î¥t¥~¤@­Ó¡A«D¥¿¦¡ªº DOS ``¯S¦â''¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ fdisk /mbr
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o±N·|¦w¸Ë¤@­Ó¥þ·sªº¥D­n±Ò°Ê°O¿ý¡A¦]¦¹·|¯}Ãa BSD bootstrap¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¦p¦ó¯à¥[¤J§ó¦hªº¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>³Ì¦nªº¤èªk¬O¼W¥[§A¸m´«¤À³Î°Ïªº¤j¤p¡A©Î§Q¥Î³o­Ó¤è«K²z¥Ñªº¦n³B¥h
+ ¼W¥[¥t¤@­ÓµwºÐ¡C
+
+ <p>¦b¤À´²ªººÏºÐ¤W¼W¥[¸m´«ªÅ¶¡·|¤ñ³æ¯Â¦a¦b¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¥[¤J¸m´«ªÅ¶¡
+ Åý®Ä²v¨Óªº§Ö¤@ÂI¡CÁ|¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¸Ì½s͍Ó
+ ·½µ{¦¡¡A¦Ó¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¦b¥t¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¡A³o·|¤ñ¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¸ò½s͵{¦¡³£¦b
+ ¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ®É¨Ó±o§Ö¡C³o¹ï SCSI ºÏºÐ¾÷¯S§O¥¿½T¡C
+
+ <p>IDE ºÏºÐ¨Ã¤£¤¹³\¦P®É¦b¦P¤@³q¹D²z¦s¨ú¨â­Ó¸Ë¸m¡]FreeBSD ¤£¤ä´©
+ mode 4¡A¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªº IDE ºÏºÐ I/O ¬O``¥iµ{¦¡¤Æªº''¡^¡CµM¦Ó§Ú¤´
+ ·|«ØÄ³§A§â¸m´«ªÅ¶¡©ñ¦b¤À§OªººÏºÐ¡CºÏºÐ¾÷³o»ò«K©y¡A¹ê¦b¨S¤°»ò
+ ¦n¾á¤ßªº¡C
+
+ <p>§â§Aªº¸m´«ÀÉ©ñ¦b NFS ¹ê¦b¬O¤@­Ó«ÜÄꪺ¥D·N¡A°£«D§A¥¿¦b¤@­Ó«D±`
+ §Ö³tªººô¸ôÀô¹Ò¤U°õ¦æ¡AÁÙ­n¦³¤@­Ó«Ü¦nªº¦øªA¾¹¡C
+
+ <p>³o¸Ì¦³­Ó½d¨Ò¬O¥Î 64MB vn-swap (<tt>/usr/swap0</tt>¡A·íµM§A¯à¥Î
+ ¥ô¦ó§A·Q¥Îªº¦W¦r¡^¡C
+
+ <p>½T©w§Aªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡«Ø¥ß®É¦³¥]§t¥H¤U³o¦æ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ pseudo-device vn 1 #Vnode driver (turns a file into a device)
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦b§Aªº³]©wÀɤ¤¡CGENERIC ³o­Ó®Ö¤ß¤w¸g¥]§t³o¶µ¤F¡C
+
+ <enum>
+ <item>«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó vn-device
+
+ <verb>
+ cd /dev
+ sh ./MAKEDEV vn0
+ </verb>
+
+ <item>«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¸m´«ÀÉ (<tt>/usr/swap0</tt>)
+
+ <verb>
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64
+ </verb>
+
+ <item>¦b <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt> ¤¤±Ò°Ê¸m´«ÀÉ
+
+ <verb>
+ swapfile="/usr/swap0" # Set to name of swapfile if aux swapfile desired.
+ </verb>
+
+ <item>­«·s¶}¾÷¡C
+ </enum>
+
+ <p>­n°¨¤W±Ò°Ê¸m´«ÀÉ¡AÁä¤J¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ vnconfig -ce /dev/vn0c /usr/swap0 swap
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¤£·|³]©w§Úªº¦Lªí¾÷¡C</heading>
+
+ <p>½Ð°Ñ¾\ Handbook ¸Ì¦³Ãö¦C¦Lªº³¡¥÷¡C³oÀ³¸Ó¯à¸Ñ¨M§A¤j³¡¤Àªº°ÝÃD¡A½Ð¬Ý
+ <url url="../handbook/printing.html" name="Handbook entry on printing.">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¨t²Î¤WªºÁä½L°t¸m¿ù¤F¡C</heading>
+
+ <p>kbdcontrol µ{¦¡¦³¤@­Ó¿ï¶µ¥i¥HŪ¨úÁä½L°t¸mÀɮסC¦b
+ <tt>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps</tt> ¦³¤@¨Ç°t¸mÀÉ¡C¿ï¾Ü¤@­Ó¸ò§Aªº
+ ¬ÛÃöªº¨ÃŪ¨ú¥¦¡C
+
+ <verb>
+ kbdcontrol -l uk.iso
+ </verb>
+
+ <p> <tt>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps</tt> ©M <tt/.kbd/ ©µ®i¶°¨â­Ó³£¥Ñ
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?kbdcontrol"
+ name="kbdcontrol"> ©ÒÂ_©w¡C
+
+ <p>¥i¥H±q <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> (©Î <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf(5)" name="rc.conf">)
+ ¨Ó³]©w¡A½Ð¬Ý¦¹Àɸ̾A¦Xªºµù¸Ñ¡C
+
+ <p>¦b 2.0.5R ¤Î¨ä¤§«áªºª©¥»¡A©Ò¦³¸ò¤å¦r¦r«¬¡AÁä½L¹ïÀ³¬ÛÃöªº³]©w³£¦b
+ <tt>/usr/share/examples/syscons</tt>¡C
+
+ <p>¥H¤U¬O¥Ø«e¤ä´©ªº¹ïÀ³³]©w¡G
+
+ <itemize>
+ <!-- generate by `kbdmap -p' -->
+ <item>Belgian ISO-8859-1
+ <item>Brazilian 275 keyboard Codepage 850
+ <item>Brazilian 275 keyboard ISO-8859-1
+ <item>Danish Codepage 865
+ <item>Danish ISO-8859-1
+ <item>French ISO-8859-1
+ <item>German Codepage 850
+ <item>German ISO-8859-1
+ <item>Italian ISO-8859-1
+ <item>Japanese 106
+ <item>Japanese 106x
+ <item>Latin American
+ <item>Norwegian ISO-8859-1
+ <item>Polish ISO-8859-2 (programmer's)
+ <item>Russian Codepage 866 (alternative)
+ <item>Russian koi8-r (shift)
+ <item>Russian koi8-r
+ <item>Spanish ISO-8859-1
+ <item>Swedish Codepage 850
+ <item>Swedish ISO-8859-1
+ <item>Swiss-German ISO-8859-1
+ <item>United Kingdom Codepage 850
+ <item>United Kingdom ISO-8859-1
+ <item>United States of America ISO-8859-1
+ <item>United States of America dvorak
+ <item>United States of America dvorakx
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§ÚµLªkÅý user quotas ¥¿±`¤u§@¡C</heading>
+
+ <p>
+ <enum>
+ <item>¤£­n¦b '/' ¥´¶} quotas¡A
+
+ <item>§â quotas ÀÉ©ñ¦b¥¦¥²¶·±j­¢¸m¤JªºÀɮרt²Î¤º¡AÁ|¨Ò¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ FS QUOTA FILE
+ /usr /usr/admin/quotas
+ /home /home/admin/quotas
+ ...
+ </verb>
+ </enum>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªº ccd ¦³¦ó¤£§´¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>³oºØ±¡§Îªº¼x¥ü¬O¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ # ccdconfig -C
+ ccdconfig: ioctl (CCDIOCSET): /dev/ccd0c: Inappropriate file type or format
+ #
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³q±`³o·|µo¥Í¦b§A¹Á¸Õ­n³sµ² `c' ¤À³Î°Ï¡A³o¤º©wªº«¬§O¬O ``µLªk¨Ï¥Îªº''
+ ¡Cccd ºÏºÐ»Ý­nªº°ò¦¤À³Î°Ï«¬§O¬° FS_BSDFFS¡A½s¿è§A­n¸ÕµÛ³sµ²ªººÏºÐ
+ ¼Ð°O¨Ã§ó§ï¤À³Î°Ïªº«¬§O¬°`4.2BSD'¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬°¦ó§Ú¤£¯à½s¿è§Ú ccd ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>³oºØ±¡§Îªº¼x¥ü¬O¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ # disklabel ccd0
+ (³o¸Ì¦L¥X¬Y¨Ç©úÅ㪺¸ê®Æ¡A©Ò¥H¸ÕµÛ½s¿è¥¦¡^
+ # disklabel -e ccd0
+ (½s¿è¡AÀx¦s¡AµM«áÂ÷¶})
+ disklabel: ioctl DIOCWDINFO: No disk label on disk;
+ use "disklabel -r" to install initial label
+ #
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¬O¦]¬°¥Ñ ccd ¶Ç¦^ªººÏºÐ¼Ð°O¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O¤@­Ó``°²ªº''¦Ó¨S¦³¯u¥¿¦bºÏºÐ
+ ¤W¡C§A¥i¥H§â¥¦§¹¥þ¼g¤J¨Ó¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¹³³o¼Ë¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ # disklabel ccd0 > /tmp/disklabel.tmp
+ # disklabel -Rr ccd0 /tmp/disklabel.tmp
+ # disklabel -e ccd0
+ (this will work now)
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤ä´© System V IPC ®æ¦¡«ü¥O¶°¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>¬Oªº¡AFreeBSD ¤ä´© System V-®æ¦¡ IPC¡C³o¥]¬A¦@¨É°O¾ÐÅé¡A°T®§¸ò
+ «H¸¹¡C§A»Ý­n¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɤº¥[¤J¤U¦C´X¦æ¥H±Ò°Ê¥¦­Ì¡C
+
+ <verb>
+ options SYSVSHM
+ options "SHMMAXPGS=64" # 256Kb of sharable memory
+ options SYSVSEM # enable for semaphores
+ options SYSVMSG # enable for messaging
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>­«·s½sĶ¨Ã¦w¸Ë¡C
+
+ <p><bf/ª`·N¡G/ ¦pªG§A­n°õ¦æ GIMP §A¥i¯à»Ý­n¼W¥[ SHMMAXPKGS ¨ì¬Y¨Ç¯î
+ ÂÕªº¼Æ¥Ø¹³¬O 4096(16M!)¡A256Kb ¹ï X11R6 ¦@¨É°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó»¡¤w¸g¥R¤À¨¬
+ °÷¤F¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î sendmail ³z¹L UUCP ¨Ó»¼°e¶l¥ó¡H<label id="uucpmail">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¸òÀH FreeBSD ®M¸Ë¦Ó¨Óªº sendmail ³]©w¬O¾A¦X¨º¨Çª½±µ³s¤Wºô»Úºô¸ô
+ ªºªº¯¸¥x¡C¨º¨Ç·Q³z¹L UUCP ¥æ´«¥¦­Ì¶l¥óªº¯¸¥x¥²¶·¥t¥~¦w¸Ë sendmil
+ ªº³]©wÀɮסC
+
+ <p>¤â°Ê­×§ï <tt>/etc/sendmail.cf</tt> ¬Oµ´¹ï¥²­nªº¡C²Ä 8 ª©ªº
+ sendmail ´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó¥þ·sªº¤J¤f¥H³z¹L¤@¨Ç¹³ <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?m4" name="m4"> ªº³B²z´N¯à
+ ²£¥Í³]©wÀÉ¡A³o¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O¤@­Ó°ª¼h·§©Àµ¥¯Åªº§Þ¥©©Ê³]©w¡C§AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦b¥H
+ ¤UÀɮ׸̨ϥΥ¦¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>°²¦p§A¤£¬O¥Î§¹¾ãªº¨Ó·½µ{¦¡¦w¸Ë¨t²Î¡A¨º»ò sendmail ³]©w¶µ¥Ø¥i¯à¤w
+ ¸g¤À´²¦¨¦n´X­Ó¨Ó·½¤À¥¬Àɦbµ¥µÛ§A¡A°²³]§A¤w¸g±¾¤W¥úºÐ¾÷¡A°µ¥H¤U°Ê§@¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ cd /usr/src
+ tar -xvzf /cdrom/dists/src/ssmailcf.aa
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>§OÅå·W¡A³o¥u¦³¼Æ¤Q¸U­Ó¦ì¤¸²Õªº¤j¤p¡C¦b <tt>cf</tt> ¥Ø¿ý¸Ìªº
+ <tt>README</tt> ¥i¥H´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó m4 ³]©wªkªº°ò¥»¤¶²Ð¡C
+
+ <p>¥H UUCP »¼°e¨Ó»¡¡A«ØÄ³§A³Ì¦n¨Ï¥Î <em>mailertable</em> ¯SÂI¡C
+ «Øºc¤@­Ó¸ê®Æ®wÅý sendmail ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¥¦¦Û¤vªº¸ô®|¨Mµ¦¡C
+
+ <p>­º¥ý¡A§A¥²¶·«Ø¥ß¦Û¤vªº <tt>.mc</tt> ÀÉ¡C
+ <tt>/usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf</tt> ¥Ø¿ý¬O³o¨ÇÀɮתº®a¡C
+ ­º¥ý¡A¤w¸g¦³¦n´X­Ó½d¨ÒÀÉ¡A°²³]§A¤w¸g©R¦W¦Û¤vªºÀÉ¥s
+ <tt>foo.mc</tt>¡A§A­n°µªº¥u¬O§â¥¦Âà´«¦¨¤@­Ó¦³®Äªº
+ <tt>sendmail.cf</tt> ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf
+ make foo.cf
+ cp foo.cf /etc/sendmail.cf
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¤@­Ó¨å«¬ªº <tt>.mc</tt> Àɬݰ_¨Ó¥i¯à¹³³o¼Ë¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ include(`../m4/cf.m4')
+ VERSIONID(`Your version number')
+ OSTYPE(bsd4.4)
+
+ FEATURE(nodns)
+ FEATURE(nocanonify)
+ FEATURE(mailertable)
+
+ define(`UUCP_RELAY', your.uucp.relay)
+ define(`UUCP_MAX_SIZE', 200000)
+
+ MAILER(local)
+ MAILER(smtp)
+ MAILER(uucp)
+
+ Cw your.alias.host.name
+ Cw youruucpnodename.UUCP
+ </verb>
+
+ <p> <em>nodns</em> ©M <em>nocanonify</em> ¯S©Ê±NÁ×§K¥ô¦ó¦b»¼°e¶l¥ó
+ ®É·|¥Î¨ì DNS ªº¾÷·|¡C<em>UUCP_RELAY</em> ¶µ¥Øªº¥X²{²z¥Ñ«Ü©_©Ç¡A
+ ´N¤£­n¬°¦ó¤F¡C²³æªº©ñ¤J¤@­Óºô»Úºô¸ô¤W¥i¥H³B²z .UUCP µêÀÀºô°ì¦ì§}
+ ªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¡F³q±`¡A§A¥u»Ý­n¦b³o¸Ì¶ñ¤J§A ISP ªº«H¥ó¦^ÂгB
+ (mail replay)¡C
+
+ <p>§A¤w¸g°µ¨ì³o¸Ì¤F¡A§AÁٻݭn³o­Ó¥s <tt>/etc/mailertable</tt> ªºÀÉ®×
+ ¡C¤@­Ó¨å«¬ªº½d¨Ò¦p¤U¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ #
+ # makemap hash /etc/mailertable.db < /etc/mailertable
+ #
+ horus.interface-business.de uucp-dom:horus
+ .interface-business.de uucp-dom:if-bus
+ interface-business.de uucp-dom:if-bus
+ .heep.sax.de smtp8:%1
+ horus.UUCP uucp-dom:horus
+ if-bus.UUCP uucp-dom:if-bus
+ . uucp-dom:sax
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦p§A©Ò¨£¡A³o¬O¬Y­Ó¬¡¥Í¥ÍÀɮ׸̪º¤@³¡¥÷¡C­º¤T¦æ³B²zºô°ì©w§}«H¥ó
+ ¤£À³¸Ó³Q°e¥X¨ì¤º©w¸ô®|¡A¦Ó¥Ñ¬Y¨Ç UUCP ¾F©~(UUCP neighbor)¨ú¥N¡A
+ ³o¬O¬°¤F``ÁYµu''»¼°eªº¸ô®|¡C¤U¤@¦æ³B²z¨ì¥»¦a¤A¤Óºô¸ôºô°ìªº«H¥ó
+ Åý¥¦¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î SMTP¡C³Ì«á¡AUUCP ¾F©~´£¨ì .UUCP µêÀÀºô°ìªº°O¸ü¡A
+ ¤¹³\¤@­Ó``uucp-neighbor!recipient''±À½¤º©w³W«h¡C³Ì«á¤@¦æ«h¥H¤@
+ ­Ó³æ¿Wªº¥yÂI°µµ²§ô¡A¥H UUCP »¼°e¨ì´£¨Ñ·í§A¥þ¥@¬É©Ê¶l¥ó¹hªùªº
+ UUCP ¾F©~¡C©Ò¦³¦b <tt>uucp-dom:</tt> ÃöÁä¦r¸Ìªº¸`ÂI¦WºÙ¥²¶·³£¬O
+ ¦³®Äªº UUCP ¾F©~¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î <tt>uuname</tt> ©R¥O¥h½T»{¡C
+
+ <p>´£¿ô§A³o­ÓÀɮצb¨Ï¥Î«e¥²¶·³QÂà´«¦¨ DBM ¸ê®Æ®wÀɮסA³Ì¦n¦b
+ mailertable ³Ì¤W­±¥Îµù¸Ñ¼g¥X©R¥O¦C¨Ó§¹¦¨³o­Ó¤u§@¡C·í§A¨C¦¸§ó´«§A
+ ªº mailertable «á§AÁ`¬O»Ý­n°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡C
+
+ <p>³Ì«á´£¥Ü¡G¦pªG§A¤£½T©w¬Y¨Ç¯S©wªº«H¥ó¸ô®|¥i¥Î¡A°O±o§â <tt>-bt</tt>
+ ¿ï¶µ¥[¨ì sendmail¡C³o·|±N sendmail ±Ò°Ê¦b <em>address test mode</em>
+ ¡F¥u­n«ö¤U ``0''¡A±µµÛ¿é¤J§A§Æ±æ´ú¸Õªº«H¥ó¸ô®|¦ì§}¡C³Ì«á¤@¦æ§i¶D§A¨Ï
+ ¥Î¤º³¡ªº«H¥ó¥N²zµ{¦¡¡A¥N²zµ{¦¡ªº·|³qª¾¥Øªº¥D¾÷¡A¥H¤Î(¥i¯àÂà´«ªº)¦ì§}
+ ¡C­nÂ÷¶}¦¹¼Ò¦¡½Ð«ö Control-D¡C
+
+ <verb>
+ j@uriah 191% sendmail -bt
+ ADDRESS TEST MODE (ruleset 3 NOT automatically invoked)
+ Enter <ruleset> <address>
+ > 0 foo@interface-business.de
+ rewrite: ruleset 0 input: foo @ interface-business . de
+ ...
+ rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# uucp-dom $@ if-bus $: foo \
+ < @ interface-business . de >
+ > ^D
+ j@uriah 192%
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ·í§Ú¥Î¼·±µ³s¤Wºô¸ô®É¸Ó«ç»ò³]©w«H¥ó»¼°e¡H<label id="ispmail">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¤w¸g¦³¤@­Ó©T©wªº IP ¼Æ¦r¡A§A¤£»Ý­n½Õ¾ã¥ô¦ó¤º©w­È¡C³]¦n
+ §A­n«ü©wªººô¸ô¦WºÙ¡A¨ä¥Lªº sendmail ³£·|À°§A°µ§¹¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A®³¨ìªº¬O°ÊºA°t¸mªº IP ¼Æ¦r¦Ó¨Ï¥Î¼·±µ <bf/ppp/ ³s±µ¨ìºô
+ »Úºô¸ô¡A§A¥i¯à¤w¸g¦b§Aªº ISP «H¥ó¥D¾÷¤W¦³¤@­Ó«H½c¡C°²³]§Aªº
+ ISP ºô°ì¬O <tt/myISP.com/¡A§Aªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¬O <tt/user/¡C¥ç°²
+ ³]§AºÙ¦Û¤vªº¥D¾÷¦WºÙ¬O <tt/bsd.home/ ¦Ó§Aªº ISP §i¶D§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î
+ <tt/relay.myISP.com/ ·í§@«H¥ó¦^ÂгB¡C
+
+ <p>¬°¤F±q§Aªº«H½c±µ¦¬«H¥ó¡A§A±N»Ý­n¦w¸Ë¨ú«Hµ{¦¡¥H«K±q«H½c¨ú¦^«H¥ó¡C
+ <bf/Fetchmail/ ¬O¤@­Ó¤£¿ùªº¿ï¾Ü¦]¬°¥¦¤ä´©³\¦h¤£¦Pªº³q°T¨ó©w¡A³q±`
+ §Aªº ISP ·|´£¨Ñ POP3¡C¦pªG§A¿ï¾Ü¨Ï¥Î user-ppp¡A§A¥i¥H¦b³s½u¨ìºô¸ô
+ ¦¨¥\«á¦Û°Ê§ì¨ú§Aªº«H¥ó¡A¥u­n¦b <tt>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</tt> ¸Ì­±
+ ³]©w¥H¤U´X¶µ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ MYADDR:
+ !bg su user -c fetchmail
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>§Ú°²³]§A¦b <tt/bsd.home/ ¾÷¾¹¤W¦³¤@­Ó <tt/user/ ªº±b¸¹¡C¦b
+ <tt/bsd.home/ ¾÷¾¹¤W <tt/user/ ªº®a¥Ø¿ý¸Ì«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó <tt/.fetchmailrc/
+ ªºÀɮסG
+
+ <verb>
+ poll myISP.com protocol pop3 fetchall pass MySecret;
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>µL¶·Âب¥¡A³o­ÓÀɰ£¤F <tt/user/ ¥~¤£À³¸Ó³Q¥ô¦ó¤HŪ¨ú¡A¦]¬°¥¦¥]§t
+ ¤F <tt/MySecret/ ³o­Ó±K½X¡C
+
+ <p>¬°¤F¦b±H«H®É¦³¥¿½Tªº©ïÀY <bf/from:/ ¡A§A¥²¶·§i¶D sendmail ¨Ï¥Î
+ <tt/user@myISP.com/ ¦Ó«D <tt/user@bsd.home/¡C§A¥i¯à·|§Æ±æ§i¶D
+ sendmail ±q <tt/relay.myISP.com/ °e¥X©Ò¦³«H¥ó¡A¥[§Ö«H¥ó¶Ç°e¡C
+
+ <p>¥H¤Uªº <tt/.mc/ ÀÉÀ³¯àº¡¨¬§Aªº­n¨D¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ VERSIONID(`bsd.home.mc version 1.0')
+ OSTYPE(bsd4.4)dnl
+ FEATURE(nouucp)dnl
+ MAILER(local)dnl
+ MAILER(smtp)dnl
+ Cwlocalhost
+ Cwbsd.home
+ MASQUERADE_AS(`myISP.com')dnl
+ FEATURE(allmasquerade)dnl
+ FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl
+ FEATURE(nocanonify)dnl
+ FEATURE(nodns)dnl
+ define(SMART_HOST, `relay.myISP.com')
+ Dmbsd.home
+ define(`confDOMAIN_NAME',`bsd.home')dnl
+ define(`confDELIVERY_MODE',`deferred')dnl
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦pªGÂà´«³o­Ó <tt/.mc/ Àɮרì <tt/sendmail.cf/ Àɪº¸Ô²Ó²Ó¸`½Ð
+ °Ñ¦Ò¤W¤@¸`¡C¥t¥~¡A¦b§ó·s sendmail.cf ¥H«á¤£­n§Ñ°O­«·s±Ò°Ê
+ sendmail¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>«x¡I§Ú§Ñ°O root ªº±K½X¤F¡I</heading>
+
+ <p>¤£­nÅå·W¡I¥u­n­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡A¦b boot: ´£¥Ü¸¹¥´ -s ¶i¤J³æ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡C
+ ¦b°Ý­n¨Ï¥Î­þ­Ó shell ®É¡A«ö¤U ENTER¡C§A·|¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó # ªº´£¥Ü¸¹¡A¿é¤J
+ <tt>mount -u /</tt> ¥H­«·s¬[³]§Aªº®ÚÀɮרt²Î¥i¨ÑŪ/¼g¡C°õ¦æ
+ <tt/passwd root/ ¥H§ó´« root ±K½X¡AµM«á°õ¦æ <tt/exit/ Ä~Äò±Ò°Ê¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò«O¯dÅý Control-Alt-Delete ¤£¯à­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>­×§ï§A¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Îªº¥D±±¥xÁä½L¹ïÀ³¡A¨Ã¥B§â©Ò¦³ <tt/boot/ ªºÃöÁä¦r¥Î
+ <tt/nop/ ¨ú¥N¡C¤º©wªºÁä½L¹ïÀ³¬O¦b
+ <tt>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps/us.iso.kbd</tt>¡C§A¥i¯à»Ý­n©ú¥Õªº
+ §h©J <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt> ¥hŪ¨ú³o­ÓÁä½L¹ïÀ³¥H½T«O§ó°Ê¥Í®Ä¡C·í
+ µM¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¥Î¾A¦X§A°êÄyªºÁä½L¹ïÀ³¡A§AÀ³¸Ó½s¿è¨º¤@­Ó¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò§â DOS ¤å¦rÀÉ®×­«·s®æ¦¡¤Æ¦¨ UNIX ªº¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>²³æ¦a¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó perl ©R¥O¡G
+
+<verb>
+perl -i.bak -pe 's/\r\n/\n/g' file ...
+</verb>
+
+ <p>file ´N¬O­n³B²zªºÀɮסC³o­Ó­×§ï¬O¦b¤º³¡§¹¦¨¡A­ì©lªºÀÉ®×·|Àx¦s¦¨
+ °ÆÀɦW¬° .bak ªºÀɮסC
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¥Î¦WºÙ¬å±¼ process¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>¨Ï¥Î <url url="/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/man.cgi?killall" name="killall(1)">¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬°¦ó¦b root ªº ACL ®É su ¦n¹³¦³°ÝÃD¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó¿ù»~¬O¦]¬° Kerberos ¤À´²»{ÃÒ¨t²Î¡C³o­Ó°ÝÃD¨Ã¤£¬O«ÜÄY­«¦ý¬O¥O¤H
+ ¹½·Ð¡C§A¥i¥H¥Î -K ¿ï¶µ¥h°õ¦æ su¡A©Î¬O¹³¤U­Ó°ÝÃD©Ò´y­zªº²¾°£
+ Kerberos¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò²¾°£ Kerberos¡H</handing>
+
+ <p>­n±q¨t²Î¸Ì²¾°£ Kerberos¡A­«¸Ë§A¥¿¦b°õ¦æªº release ª©¥»¤º bin ¤ÀÃþ
+ ¡C¦pªG§A¦³ CDROM¡A§A¥i¥H±¾¤W cd(°²³]¦b /cdrom)¨Ã°õ¦æ¡G
+
+<verb>
+cd /cdrom/bin
+./install.sh
+</verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¼W¥[¨t²ÎªºµêÀÀ²×ºÝ¾÷¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¦³³\¦h telnet¡Assh¡AX ©Î¬O screen ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A§A©Î³\·|¥Î§¹µêÀÀ
+ ²×ºÝ¾÷¡A³o¯à±Ð§A«ç»ò¥[§ó¦h¡G
+
+ <enum>
+ <item>«Ø¥ß¨Ã¦w¸Ë¤@­Ó·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¨Ã¥B¥[¤J³o¦æ¨ì³]©wÀÉ¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ pseudo-device pty 256
+ </verb>
+
+ <item>°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ # cd /dev
+ # ./MAKEDEV pty{1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>·|³y¥X 256 ­ÓµêÀÀ²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸Ë¸m¸`ÂI¡C
+
+ <item>½s¿è <tt>/etc/ttys</tt> ¨Ã¥[¤J²Å¦X 256 ­Ó²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¦æ¼Æ¡C¥¦­ÌÀ³
+ ¸Ó²Å¦X¤w¸g¦s¦b³æ¶µªº®æ¦¡¡AÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¥¦­Ì¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ ttyqc none network
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦r¥À³]­pªº¶¶§Ç¬O <tt>tty[pqrsPQRS][0-9a-v]</tt>¡A¨Ï¥Î¥¿³Wªí¥Ü¦¡¡C
+
+ <item>¥Î·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡­«·s±Ò°Ê¹q¸£´N¥i¥H¤F¡C
+ </enum>
+
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/applications.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/applications.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b4be6dbbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/applications.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+<!-- $Id: applications.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by freebsd@FreeBSD.ORG -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.18 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>User Applications<label id="applications"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¶â. §Ú­n¦b­þ§ä¨ì§Ú­nªºµ{¦¡£°?</heading>
+
+ <p>½Ð¬Ý¬Ý <url url="../ports/" name="the ports page"> §a.
+ ³oÃ䦳¥÷¤w¸g port ¨ì FreeBSD ªº³nÅé¦Cªí. ¥Ø«e¦³¶W¹L 1800 ­Ó³nÅé¤w¸g³Q
+ port ¨ì FreeBSD ¤W, ¨Ã¥B¨C¤Ñ³£¦b¼W¥[¤¤. ©Ò¥H¦³ªÅ´N¦h¬Ý¬Ý³o¥÷¦Cªí,
+ ¤£µM§A¤]¥i¥H­q¾\ <tt/freebsd-announce/
+ <ref id="mailing" name="mailing list"> ³o¥÷ mailing list, ·|¦³¤H±N
+ ¨C­Ó¬P´Á³Ì·sªº³nÅé¦Cªí¶K¦b¤W­±.
+
+ <p>¤j³¡¥÷ªº ports À³¸Ó³£¥i¥H¦b 2.2, 3.0 ¸ò 4.0 ªº¨t²Î¤W¨Ï¥Î,
+ ¨Ã¥BÁÙ¦³³¡¥÷ªº ports ¥i¥H¦b 2.1.x ªº¨t²Î¤W¹B§@.
+ ¨C¦¸·í FreeBSD release ®É, ³£·|¦³¤@¥÷ ports tree ³Q©ñ¦b³o¤@­Ó
+ release cd ¸Ì­±ªº <tt>ports/</tt> ¥Ø¿ý¸Ì.
+
+ <p>We also support the concept of a ``package'', essentially no
+ more than a gzipped binary distribution with a little extra
+ intelligence embedded in it for doing whatever custom installation
+ work is required. A package can be installed and uninstalled
+ again easily without having to know the gory details of which
+ files it includes.
+
+ <p>Use the package installation menu in <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt>
+ (under the post-configuration menu item) or invoke the
+ <em>pkg_add(1)</em> command on the specific package files you're
+ interested in installing. Package files can usually be identified by
+ their <em>.tgz</em> suffix and CDROM distribution people will have
+ a <tt>packages/All</tt> directory on their CD which contains such
+ files. They can also be downloaded over the net for various versions
+ of FreeBSD at the following locations:
+
+ <descrip>
+ <tag>for 2.2.7-release/2.2-stable</tag>
+ <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/packages-2.2.7/"
+ name="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/packages-2.2.7/">
+
+ <tag>for 3.0-current</tag>
+ <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/packages-3.0/"
+ name="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/packages-3.0/">
+ </descrip>
+
+ <p>or your nearest local mirror site.
+
+ <p>Note that all ports may not be available as packages since
+ new ones are constantly being added. It is always a good
+ idea to check back periodically to see which packages are available
+ at the <url url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/"
+ name="ftp.freebsd.org"> master site.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H¦b­þÃä§ä¨ì libc.so.3.0?</heading>
+
+ <p>§A¥i¯à¦b¤@¥x 2.1.x ªº¾÷¾¹¤W, ¶]µÛµ¹ 2.2/3.0 ªº³nÅé.
+ ½Ð¦A©¹¤W­±¤@­Ó³¹¸`¬Ý, ¥¿½Tªº¨ú±oµ¹§A¾÷¾¹¥Îªº port/package.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ghostscript ¦b§Úªº 386/486SX ¤W¦³ÂI°ÝÃD£°.<label id="emul">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>§A¨S¦³¯BÂI¹Bºâ¾¹, ¹ï§a?.
+ §A¥²¶·¦b§Aªº kernel ¤¤¥[¤J¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¼ÒÀÀ¾¹, §A¥i¥H¸òµÛ¤U­±ªº¨BÆJ°µ,
+ ¨Ã¦b§ó§ï¹L§Aªº kernel ³]©wÀÉ«á, ­«·s½s͹L¤@¦¸.
+
+ <verb>
+ options GPL_MATH_EMULATE
+ </verb>
+
+ <p><bf/NOTE/ ·í§A¥[¤J¤W¤@¦æªº¦P®É, §A¥²¶·±N <tt/MATH&lowbar;EMULATE/
+ ²¾°£±¼.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ·í§Ú°õ¦æ SCO/iBCS2 ªºµ{¦¡®É, ¥¦±¾¦b <tt/socksys/.
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>§A¥²¶·¥ý­×§ï <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt>
+ (or <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf(5)"
+ name="/etc/rc.conf">) ³oÀɮ׳̫á¤@­Ó³¹¸`, ±N¤U­±©ÒÁ¿¨ìªºÅܼÆ
+ ³]¦¨ <tt/YES/:
+
+ <verb>
+ # Set to YES if you want ibcs2 (SCO) emulation loaded at startup
+ ibcs2=NO
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o·|¦b¶}¾÷®É±N <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ibcs2" name="ibcs2">
+ ³o¤@­Ó kernel ¼Ò²Õ¸ü¤J.
+
+ <p>§AÁÙ­n±N§Aªº /compat/ibcs2/dev §ï¦¨¤U­±³o¼Ë:
+
+ <verb>
+lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 9 Oct 15 22:20 X0R@ -> /dev/null
+lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 7 Oct 15 22:20 nfsd@ -> socksys
+-rw-rw-r-- 1 root wheel 0 Oct 28 12:02 null
+lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 9 Oct 15 22:20 socksys@ -> /dev/null
+crw-rw-rw- 1 root wheel 41, 1 Oct 15 22:14 spx
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>§A¥u»Ý­n±N socksys Âà¦V¨ì <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?null(4)" name="/dev/null">
+ ¥hÄF¹L open &amp; close. ¦b -current ¸Ì­±ªº ibcs2 ¬ÛÃöµ{¦¡½X±N·|³B
+ ²z³o¨ÇªF¦è. This is muck cleaner than the way it was done before.
+ °²¦p§A·Q­n¨Ï¥Î <tt/spx/ ¤è­±ªºµ{¦¡, ¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɸ̭±¥[¤W
+ <tt/SPX&lowbar;HACK/ .
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú­n¦p¦ó¦b§Úªº¾÷¾¹¤W³]©w INN (Internet News)?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>After installing the inn package or port, an excellent place to
+ <p>¦b§A¨Ï¥Î package ©ÎªÌ¬O port ¦w¸Ë§¹ inn ¤§«á,
+ <url url="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~barr/INN.html"
+ name="Dave Barr's INN Page"> ¬O­Ó«D±`¦nªº¶}©l, §A¥i¥H¦b¨ºÃä§ä¨ì
+ INN ªº FAQ.
+
+ </sect1>
+ <sect1>
+
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó¨Ï¥Î¨º­Óª©¥»ªº Microsoft FrontPage?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¨Ï¥Î Port §a! ¦b ports tree ¤¤¤w¸g¦³¤@­Ó¥]§t FrontPage ªº Apache ª©¥»¤F.
+ </p>
+
+ </sect1>
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/commercial.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/commercial.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e375b70c4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/commercial.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+<!-- $Id: commercial.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by vanilla@FreeBSD.ORG -->
+<!-- English version: 1.3 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>°Ó·~³nÅé<label id="commercial"></heading>
+
+ <p><bf/NOTE/ This section is still very sparse, though we're hoping, of
+ course, that companies will add to it! :) The FreeBSD group has no
+ financial interest in any of the companies listed here but simply
+ lists them as a public service (and feels that commercial interest
+ in FreeBSD can have very positive effects on FreeBSD's long-term
+ viability). We encourage commercial software vendors to send their
+ entries here for inclusion. See
+ <url url="../commercial/commercial.html" name="the Vendors page">
+ for a longer list.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H¦b­þÃä§ä¨ìµ¹ FreeBSD ¥Îªº Motif?</heading>
+
+ <p>Ápµ¸ <ref id="xig" name="Xi Graphics"> , ¥L­Ì´£¨Ñ¤F¤@­Óµ¹ FreeBSD
+ ¥Îªº Motif 2.0 ®M¥ó.
+
+ <p>¦b³o®M¥ó¤¤¥]¬A¤F:
+ <itemize>
+ <item>OSF/Motif manager, xmbind, panner, wsm.
+
+ <item>Development kit with uil, mrm, xm, xmcxx, include and Imake
+ files.
+
+ <item>Static and dynamic libraries.
+
+ <item>Demonstration applets.
+
+ <item>Preformatted man pages.
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>¦b§A¸ò¥L­Ì­qÁÊ Motif ®É, ½Ð¤@©wµù©ú§A­nªº¬O FreeBSD ªºª©¥»!
+ ¦]¬° <em>Xi Graphics</em> ¤]¦P®É´£¨Ñ¤F BSDI ¸ò Linux ª©¥»ªº Motif.
+ ¥Ø«eµo¦æªºª©¥»¬O©ñ¦b¥|¶ôºÏ¤ù¤¤, ±N¨Ó¥L­Ì·|±N©Ò¦³ªºªF¦è³£©ñ¨ì¥úºÐ¸Ì,
+ ´N¹³¥L­Ì©Òµo¦æªº CDE ¤@¼Ë.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H¦b­þÃä§ä¨ìµ¹ FreeBSD ¥Îªº CDE?</heading>
+
+ <p>Ápµ¸ <ref id="xig" name="Xi Graphics"> , ¥L­Ì´£¨Ñ¤F¤@­Óµ¹ FreeBSD
+ ¥Îªº CDE 1.0.10 ®M¥ó, ¸Ì­±¥]¬A¤F Motif 1.2.5, ¨Ã¥B¥L­Ìªº CDE ¤]¥i¥H¦b
+ Motif 2.0 ¤U«Ü¥¿±`ªº°õ¦æ.
+
+ <p>CDE ¬O¥Î¥úºÐªº¤è¦¡µo¦æ, FreeBSD ¸ò Linux ª©¥»³£¤@¼Ë.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¨ºÃ䦳­n¿ú, ¦ý¬O°ª®Ä²vªº X servers?<label id="xig">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦p§A©ÒÄ@, <url url="http://www.xig.com" name="Xi Graphics">
+ ´£¨Ñ¤F Accelerated-X µ¹ FreeBSD ¸ò¨ä¥L Intel based ªº¨t²Î.
+
+ <p>³o­Ó°ª®Ä²vªº X Server ¦³«D±`²³æªº³]©w¤è¦¡, ¨Ã¥B¤ä´©¤F¥Ø«e¥«­±¤W
+ ·í¬õªº¦U¤j¼tµPªºÅã¥Ü¥d, ³Ì­«­nªº¬O, ¥¦¥uµ¹§A Binary.
+ ¥¦¬O¥ÎºÏ¤ùªº¤è¦¡µo¦æ, FreeBSD ¸ò Linux ª©¥»³£¤@¼Ë.
+
+ <p>§A¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ªº­ì¼t¥|¤ù¥úºÐ¤¤§ä¨ì³o­Ó°ª®Ä²v X Server ªº demo ª©,
+ ·íµM§A¤]¥i¥Hª½±µ¦bºô¸ô¤W§ä¨ì. <!-- ³o¬q§Ú¦³¥[ªF¦è -->
+
+ <p>Xi Graphics ¤]¦³¦b½æ FreeBSD ¥Îªº Motif ¸ò CDE (©¹¤W­±¬Ý¬Ý).
+
+ <descrip>
+ <tag/§ó¦hªº¸ê°T/
+ <url url="http://www.xig.com/" name="Xi Graphics WWW page">
+
+ <tag/©Î/ <url url="mailto:sales@xig.com" name="Sales"> or
+ <url url="mailto:support@xig.com" name="Support"> email addresses.
+
+ <tag/©Î/ phone (800) 946 7433 or +1 303 298-7478.
+ </descrip>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦b FreeBSD ¤W¦³¥ô¦óªº¸ê®Æ®w¶Ü?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦³! Conetic Software Systems ¤w¸g±N¥L­Ìªº C/base ¸ò C/books
+ ports ¨ì FreeBSD 2.0.5(©Î§ó°ªª©¦¸)¤W, ¦Ó Sleepycat Software ¤]¦b½æ
+ ¤@®M¦³°Ó·~¤ä´©ªº¸ê®Æ®w¨ç¦¡®w.
+
+ <descrip>
+ <tag/For more information/
+ <url url="http://www.conetic.com/" name="Conetic Software Systems">
+
+ <tag/or mail/
+ <url url="mailto:info@conetic.com" name="Information E-mail address">,
+
+ <tag/and/
+ <url url="http://www.sleepycat.com/" name = "Sleepycat Software">.
+ </descrip>
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hackers.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hackers.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a5071a57b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hackers.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+<!-- $Id: hackers.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.11 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>For serious FreeBSD hackers only<label id="hackers"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ What are SNAPs and RELEASEs?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>There are currently three active/semi-active branches in the FreeBSD
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi" name="CVS Repository">:
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item><bf/RELENG_2_2/ AKA <bf/2.2-stable/ AKA <bf/"2.2 branch"/
+ <item><bf/RELENG_3/ AKA <bf/3.x-stable/ AKA <bf/"3.0 branch"/
+ <item><bf/HEAD/ AKA <bf/-current/ AKA <bf/4.0-current/
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p><bf/HEAD/ is not an actual branch tag, like the other two, it's
+ simply a symbolic constant for
+ <em/"the current, non-branched development stream"/ which we simply
+ refer to as <bf/-current/.
+
+ <p>Right now, <bf/-current/ is the 4.0 development stream and the
+ <bf/3.0-stable/ branch, <bf/RELENG_3/, forked off from
+ <bf/-current/ in Jan 1999.
+
+ <p>The <bf/2.2-stable/ branch, <bf/RELENG_2_2/, departed -current in
+ November 1996.
+
+ <p>The <bf/2.1-stable/ branch, <bf/RELENG_2_1_0/, departed -current in
+ September of 1994. This branch has been fully retired.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ How do I make my own custom release?<label id="custrel">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>To make a release you need to do three things: First, you need to
+ be running a kernel with the <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?vn" name="vn"> driver configured
+ in. Add this to your kernel config file and build a new kernel:
+
+ <verb>
+ pseudo-device vn #Vnode driver (turns a file into a device)
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>Second, you have to have the whole CVS repository at hand.
+ To get this you can use <url url="../handbook/cvsup.html" name="CVSUP">
+ but in your supfile set the release name to cvs and remove any tag or
+ date fields:
+
+ <verb>
+ *default prefix=/home/ncvs
+ *default base=/a
+ *default host=cvsup.FreeBSD.org
+ *default release=cvs
+ *default delete compress use-rel-suffix
+
+ ## Main Source Tree
+ src-all
+ src-eBones
+ src-secure
+
+ # Other stuff
+ ports-all
+ www
+ doc-all
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>Then run <tt/cvsup -g supfile/ to suck all the good bits onto your
+ box...
+
+ <p>Finally, you need a chunk of empty space to build into. Let's
+ say it's in <tt>/some/big/filesystem</tt>, and from the example
+ above you've got the CVS repository in <tt>/home/ncvs</tt>:
+
+ <verb>
+ setenv CVSROOT /home/ncvs # or export CVSROOT=/home/ncvs
+ cd /usr/src/release
+ make release BUILDNAME=3.0-MY-SNAP CHROOTDIR=/some/big/filesystem/release
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>An entire release will be built in
+ <tt>/some/big/filesystem/release</tt> and you will have a full FTP-type
+ installation in <tt>/some/big/filesystem/release/R/ftp</tt> when you're
+ done. If you want to build your SNAP along some other branch than
+ -current, you can also add <tt/RELEASETAG=SOMETAG/ to
+ the make release command line above, e.g. <tt/RELEASETAG=RELENG_2_2/
+ would build an up-to-the- minute 2.2-STABLE snapshot.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How do I create customized installation disks?</heading>
+
+ <p>The entire process of creating installation disks and source and
+ binary archives is automated by various targets in
+ <tt>/usr/src/release/Makefile</tt>. The information there should
+ be enough to get you started. However, it should be said that this
+ involves doing a ``make world'' and will therefore take up a lot of
+ time and disk space.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>``make world'' clobbers my existing installed binaries.</heading>
+
+ <p>Yes, this is the general idea; as its name might suggest,
+ ``make world'' rebuilds every system binary from scratch, so you can be
+ certain of having a clean and consistent environment at the end (which
+ is why it takes so long).
+
+ <p>If the environment variable <tt/DESTDIR/ is defined while running
+ ``<tt/make world/'' or ``<tt/make install/'', the newly-created
+ binaries will be deposited in a directory tree identical to the
+ installed one, rooted at <tt>&dollar;&lcub;DESTDIR&rcub;</tt>.
+ Some random combination of shared libraries modifications and
+ program rebuilds can cause this to fail in ``<tt/make world/'',
+ however.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ When my system boots, it says ``(bus speed defaulted)''.
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>The Adaptec 1542 SCSI host adapters allow the user to configure
+ their bus access speed in software. Previous versions of the
+ 1542 driver tried to determine the fastest usable speed and set
+ the adapter to that. We found that this breaks some users'
+ systems, so you now have to define the ``<tt/TUNE&lowbar;1542/'' kernel
+ configuration option in order to have this take place. Using it
+ on those systems where it works may make your disks run faster,
+ but on those systems where it doesn't, your data could be
+ corrupted.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ Can I follow current with limited Internet access?<label id="ctm">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>Yes, you can do this <tt /without/ downloading the whole source tree
+ by using the <url url="../handbook/ctm.html" name="CTM facility.">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How did you split the distribution into 240k files?</heading>
+
+ <p>Newer BSD based systems have a ``<tt/-b/'' option to split that
+ allows them to split files on arbitrary byte boundaries.
+
+ <p>Here is an example from <tt>/usr/src/Makefile</tt>.
+
+ <verb>
+ bin-tarball:
+ (cd $&lcub;DISTDIR&rcub;; \
+ tar cf - . \
+ gzip --no-name -9 -c | \
+ split -b 240640 - \
+ $&lcub;RELEASEDIR&rcub;/tarballs/bindist/bin_tgz.)
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>I've written a kernel extension, who do I send it to?</heading>
+
+ <p>Please take a look at <url url="../handbook/contrib.html"
+ name="The Handbook entry on how to submit code.">
+
+ <p>And thanks for the thought!
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How are Plug N Play ISA cards detected and initialized?</heading>
+
+ <p>By: <url url="mailto:uhclem@nemesis.lonestar.org"
+ name="Frank Durda IV">
+
+ <p>In a nutshell, there a few I/O ports that all of the PnP boards
+ respond to when the host asks if anyone is out there. So when
+ the PnP probe routine starts, he asks if there are any PnP boards
+ present, and all the PnP boards respond with their model &num; to
+ a I/O read of the same port, so the probe routine gets a wired-OR
+ ``yes'' to that question. At least one bit will be on in that
+ reply. Then the probe code is able to cause boards with board
+ model IDs (assigned by Microsoft/Intel) lower than X to go
+ ``off-line''. It then looks to see if any boards are still
+ responding to the query. If the answer was ``<tt/0/'', then
+ there are no boards with IDs above X. Now probe asks if there
+ are any boards below ``X''. If so, probe knows there are boards
+ with a model numbers below X. Probe then asks for boards greater
+ than X-(limit/4) to go off-line. If repeats the query. By
+ repeating this semi-binary search of IDs-in-range enough times,
+ the probing code will eventually identify all PnP boards present
+ in a given machine with a number of iterations that is much lower
+ than what 2^64 would take.
+
+ <p>The IDs are two 32-bit fields (hence 2&circ;64) + 8 bit checksum.
+ The first 32 bits are a vendor identifier. They never come out
+ and say it, but it appears to be assumed that different types of
+ boards from the same vendor could have different 32-bit vendor
+ ids. The idea of needing 32 bits just for unique manufacturers
+ is a bit excessive.
+
+ <p>The lower 32 bits are a serial &num;, ethernet address, something
+ that makes this one board unique. The vendor must never produce
+ a second board that has the same lower 32 bits unless the upper
+ 32 bits are also different. So you can have multiple boards of
+ the same type in the machine and the full 64 bits will still be
+ unique.
+
+ <p>The 32 bit groups can never be all zero. This allows the
+ wired-OR to show non-zero bits during the initial binary search.
+
+ <p>Once the system has identified all the board IDs present, it will
+ reactivate each board, one at a time (via the same I/O ports),
+ and find out what resources the given board needs, what interrupt
+ choices are available, etc. A scan is made over all the boards
+ to collect this information.
+
+ <p>This info is then combined with info from any ECU files on the
+ hard disk or wired into the MLB BIOS. The ECU and BIOS PnP
+ support for hardware on the MLB is usually synthetic, and the
+ peripherals don't really do genuine PnP. However by examining
+ the BIOS info plus the ECU info, the probe routines can cause the
+ devices that are PnP to avoid those devices the probe code cannot
+ relocate.
+
+ <p>Then the PnP devices are visited once more and given their I/O,
+ DMA, IRQ and Memory-map address assignments. The devices will
+ then appear at those locations and remain there until the next
+ reboot, although there is nothing that says you can't move them
+ around whenever you want.
+
+ <p>There is a lot of oversimplification above, but you should get
+ the general idea.
+
+ <p>Microsoft took over some of the primary printer status ports to
+ do PnP, on the logic that no boards decoded those addresses for
+ the opposing I/O cycles. I found a genuine IBM printer board
+ that did decode writes of the status port during the early PnP
+ proposal review period, but MS said ``tough''. So they do a
+ write to the printer status port for setting addresses, plus that
+ use that address + <tt/0x800/, and a third I/O port for reading
+ that can be located anywhere between <tt/0x200/ and <tt/0x3ff/.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Does FreeBSD support architectures other than the x86?</heading>
+
+ <p>Several groups of people have expressed interest in working on
+ multi-architecture ports for FreeBSD and the FreeBSD/AXP (ALPHA)
+ port is one such effort which has been quite successful, now
+ available in 3.0 SNAPshot release form at <url
+ url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/alpha/"
+ name="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/alpha">. The ALPHA
+ port currently runs on a growing number of ALPHA machine
+ types, among them the AlphaStation, AXPpci, PC164, Miata and Multia
+ models. This port is not yet considered a full release and won't be
+ until a full compliment of system installation tools and a distribution
+ on CDROM installation media is available, including a reasonable
+ number of working ports and packages.
+ FreeBSD/AXP should be considered BETA quality software at this
+ time. For status information, please join the
+ <tt>&lt;freebsd-alpha@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt><ref id="mailing"
+ name="mailing list">.
+
+ Interest has also been expressed in a port of FreeBSD to
+ the SPARC architecture, join the <tt>&lt;freebsd-sparc@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;
+ </tt><ref id="mailing" name="mailing list"> if you are interested
+ in joining that project. For general discussion on new architectures,
+ join the <tt>&lt;freebsd-platforms@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt>
+ <ref id="mailing" name="mailing list">.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>I need a major number for a device driver I've written.</heading>
+
+ <p>This depends on whether or not you plan on making the driver
+ publicly available. If you do, then please send us a copy of the
+ driver source code, plus the appropriate modifications to
+ <tt>files.i386</tt>, a sample configuration file entry, and the
+ appropriate <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?MAKEDEV"
+ name="MAKEDEV"> code to create any special files your device uses. If
+ you do not, or are unable to because of licensing restrictions, then
+ character major number 32 and block major number 8 have been reserved
+ specifically for this purpose; please use them. In any case, we'd
+ appreciate hearing about your driver on
+ <tt>&lt;freebsd-hackers@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;</tt>.
+
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Alternative layout policies for directories</heading>
+
+ <p>
+ In answer to the question of alternative layout policies for
+ directories, the scheme that is currently in use is unchanged
+ from what I wrote in 1983. I wrote that policy for the original
+ fast filesystem, and never revisited it. It works well at keeping
+ cylinder groups from filling up. As several of you have noted,
+ it works poorly for find. Most filesystems are created from
+ archives that were created by a depth first search (aka ftw).
+ These directories end up being striped across the cylinder groups
+ thus creating a worst possible senario for future depth first
+ searches. If one knew the total number of directories to be
+ created, the solution would be to create (total / fs_ncg) per
+ cylinder group before moving on. Obviously, one would have to
+ create some heuristic to guess at this number. Even using a
+ small fixed number like say 10 would make an order of magnitude
+ improvement. To differentiate restores from normal operation
+ (when the current algorithm is probably more sensible), you
+ could use the clustering of up to 10 if they were all done
+ within a ten second window. Anyway, my conclusion is that this
+ is an area ripe for experimentation.</p>
+
+ <p>Kirk McKusick, September 1998</p>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Making the most of a kernel panic</heading>
+
+ <p>
+ <em>[This section was extracted from a mail written by <url
+ url="mailto:wpaul@FreeBSD.ORG" name="Bill Paul"> on the
+ freebsd-current <ref id="mailing" name="mailing list"> by <url
+ url="mailto:des@FreeBSD.ORG" name="Dag-Erling Co&iuml;dan
+ Sm&oslash;rgrav">, who fixed a few typos and added the bracketed
+ comments]</em>
+
+ <p>
+ <verb>
+From: Bill Paul <wpaul@skynet.ctr.columbia.edu>
+Subject: Re: the fs fun never stops
+To: ben@rosengart.com
+Date: Sun, 20 Sep 1998 15:22:50 -0400 (EDT)
+Cc: current@FreeBSD.ORG
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>
+ <em>[&lt;ben@rosengart.com&gt; posted the following panic
+ message]</em>
+ <verb>
+> Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode
+> fault virtual address = 0x40
+> fault code = supervisor read, page not present
+> instruction pointer = 0x8:0xf014a7e5
+ ^^^^^^^^^^
+> stack pointer = 0x10:0xf4ed6f24
+> frame pointer = 0x10:0xf4ed6f28
+> code segment = base 0x0, limit 0xfffff, type 0x1b
+> = DPL 0, pres 1, def32 1, gran 1
+> processor eflags = interrupt enabled, resume, IOPL = 0
+> current process = 80 (mount)
+> interrupt mask =
+> trap number = 12
+> panic: page fault
+ </verb>
+
+ <p> [When] you see a message like this, it's not enough to just
+ reproduce it and send it in. The instruction pointer value that
+ I highlighted up there is important; unfortunately, it's also
+ configuration dependent. In other words, the value varies
+ depending on the exact kernel image that you're using. If you're
+ using a GENERIC kernel image from one of the snapshots, then
+ it's possible for somebody else to track down the offending
+ function, but if you're running a custom kernel then only
+ <em/you/ can tell us where the fault occured.
+
+ <p> What you should do is this:
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>Write down the instruction pointer value. Note that the
+ <tt/0x8:/ part at the begining is not significant in this case:
+ it's the <tt/0xf0xxxxxx/ part that we want.
+ <item>When the system reboots, do the following:
+ <verb>
+% nm /kernel.that.caused.the.panic | grep f0xxxxxx
+ </verb>
+ where <tt/f0xxxxxx/ is the instruction pointer value. The
+ odds are you will not get an exact match since the symbols
+ in the kernel symbol table are for the entry points of
+ functions and the instruction pointer address will be
+ somewhere inside a function, not at the start. If you don't
+ get an exact match, omit the last digit from the instruction
+ pointer value and try again, i.e.:
+ <verb>
+% nm /kernel.that.caused.the.panic | grep f0xxxxx
+ </verb>
+ If that doesn't yield any results, chop off another digit.
+ Repeat until you get some sort of output. The result will be
+ a possible list of functions which caused the panic. This is
+ a less than exact mechanism for tracking down the point of
+ failure, but it's better than nothing.
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p> I see people constantly show panic messages like this but
+ rarely do I see someone take the time to match up the
+ instruction pointer with a function in the kernel symbol table.
+
+ <p> The best way to track down the cause of a panic is by
+ capturing a crash dump, then using <tt/gdb(1)/ to to a stack
+ trace on the crash dump. Of course, this depends on <tt/gdb(1)/
+ in -current working correctly, which I can't guarantee (I recall
+ somebody saying that the new ELF-ized <tt/gdb(1)/ didn't handle
+ kernel crash dumps correctly: somebody should check this before
+ 3.0 goes out of beta or there'll be a lot of red faces after the
+ CDs ship).
+
+ <p>
+ In any case, the method I normally use is this:
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>Set up a kernel config file, optionally adding 'options DDB' if you
+ think you need the kernel debugger for something. (I use this mainly
+ for setting beakpoints if I suspect an infinite loop condition of
+ some kind.)
+ <item>Use <tt/config -g KERNELCONFIG/ to set up the build directory.
+ <item><tt>cd /sys/compile/KERNELCONFIG; make</tt>
+ <item>Wait for kernel to finish compiling.
+ <item><tt/cp kernel kernel.debug/
+ <item><tt/strip -d kernel/
+ <item><tt/mv /kernel /kernel.orig/
+ <item><tt>cp kernel /</tt>
+ <item>reboot
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p> <em>[Note: Now that FreeBSD 3.x kernels are Elf by default,
+ you should use <tt/strip -g/ instead of <tt/strip -d/. If for some
+ reason your kernel is still a.out, use <tt/strip -aout -d/.]</em>
+
+ <p> Note that YOU DO <em/NOT/ WANT TO ACTUALLY BOOT THE KERNEL
+ WITH ALL THE DEBUG SYMBOLS IN IT. A kernel compiled with <tt/-g/
+ can easily be close to 10MB in size. You don't have to actually
+ boot this massive image: you only need it later for <tt/gdb(1)/
+ (<tt/gdb(1)/ wants the symbol table). Instead, you want to keep
+ a copy of the full image and create a second image with the
+ debug symbols stripped out using <tt/strip -d/. It is this
+ second stripped image that you want to boot.
+
+ <p> To make sure you capture a crash dump, you need edit
+ <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt> and set <tt/dumpdev/ to point to your swap
+ partition. This will cause the <tt/rc(8)/ scripts to use the
+ <tt/dumpon(8)/ command to enable crash dumps. You can also run
+ <tt/dumpon(8)/ manually. After a panic, the crash dump can be
+ recovered using <tt/savecore(8)/; if <tt/dumpdev/ is set in
+ <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt>, the <tt/rc(8)/ scripts will run
+ <tt/savecore(8)/ automatically and put the crash dump in
+ <tt>/var/crash</tt>.
+
+ <p> NOTE: FreeBSD crash dumps are usually the same size as the
+ physical RAM size of your machine. That is, if you have 64MB of
+ RAM, you will get a 64MB crash dump. Therefore you must make sure
+ there's enough space in <tt>/var/crash</tt> to hold the dump.
+ Alternatively, you run <tt/savecore(8)/ manually and have it
+ recover the crash dump to another directory where you have more
+ room. It's possible to limit the size of the crash dump by using
+ <tt/options MAXMEM=(foo)/ to set the amount of memory the kernel
+ will use to something a little more sensible. For example, if
+ you have 128MB of RAM, you can limit the kernel's memory usage
+ to 16MB so that your crash dump size will be 16MB instead of
+ 128MB.
+
+ <p> Once you have recovered the crash dump, you can get a stack
+ trace with <tt/gdb(1)/ as follows:
+
+ <p>
+ <verb>
+% gdb -k /sys/compile/KERNELCONFIG/kernel.debug /var/crash/vmcore.0
+(gdb) where
+ </verb>
+
+ <p> Note that there may be several screens worth of information;
+ ideally you should use <tt/script(1)/ to capture all of them.
+ Using the unstripped kernel image with all the debug symbols
+ should show the exact line of kernel source code where the panic
+ occured. Usually you have to read the stack trace from the
+ bottom up in order to trace the exact sequence of events that
+ lead to the crash. You can also use <tt/gdb(1)/ to print out the
+ contents of various variables or structures in order to examine
+ the system state at the time of the crash.
+
+ <p> Now, if you're really insane and have a second computer, you
+ can also configure <tt/gdb(1)/ to do remote debugging such that
+ you can use <tt/gdb(1)/ on one system to debug the kernel on
+ another system, including setting breakpoints, single-stepping
+ through the kernel code, just like you can do with a normal
+ user-mode program. I haven't played with this yet as I don't
+ often have the chance to set up two machines side by side for
+ debugging purposes.
+
+ <p> <em>[Bill adds: "I forgot to mention one thing: if you have
+ DDB enabled and the kernel drops into the debugger, you can
+ force a panic (and a crash dump) just by typing 'panic' at the
+ ddb prompt. It may stop in the debugger again during the panic
+ phase. If it does, type 'continue' and it will finish the crash
+ dump." -ed]</em>
+
+ </sect>
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hardware.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hardware.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..889eeea30b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/hardware.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+<!-- $Id: hardware.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by gsl@tpts4.seed.net.tw -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.14 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>µwÅ骺¬Û®e©Ê<label id="hardware"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤ä´©­þ¨ÇµwºÐªº¤¶­±¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¤ä´© EIDE ¤Î SCSI ¶gÃä (¦³µÛ¬Û®eªº controller¡F
+ ½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¤U¤@¬q)¡A¥H¤Î¨Ï¥Î¡uWestern Digital¡v¤¶­±ªº¶gÃä (MEM¡B
+ ¡BRLL¡BESDI¡A·íµM¡AIDE ¤]¦b¥]¬A¤º)¡C¦ý¤Ö¼Æ¨Ï¥Î±M¦³ªº ESDI
+ ªº¤¶­±µLªk¹B§@¡G¹³¬O WD1002/3/6/7 ¤¶­±µ¥µ¥¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>­þ¤@¨Ç SCSI ¥d¦³³Q¤ä´©¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>¦b <htmlurl url="../handbook/install:hw.html" name="Handbook"> ¸Ì¦³§¹¾ãªº¸ê®Æ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>­þ¤@¨Ç CD-ROM ³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>­º¥ý¡A¥ô¦ó±µ¦b SCSI ¤¶­±¤Wªº CDROM ³£¦³³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡C
+
+ <p>¨ä¦¸¡A¤U­±©Ò¦Cªº CD-ROM ¤]³£¦³³Q¤ä´©¡G
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>Mitsumi LU002 (8bit), LU005 (16bit) ¤Î FX001D (16bit ¨â­¿³t)¡C<newline>
+ <item>Sony CDU 31/33A<newline>
+ <item>±µ¦b Sound Blaster ¤W«D SCSI ¤¶­±ªº CD-ROM<newline>
+ <item>Matsushita/Panasonic CD-ROM<newline>
+ <item>¬Û®e©ó ATAPI IDE ¤¶­±ªº CD-ROM<newline>
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>¤w¸gª¾¹D«D SCSI ªº¶gÃä³]³Æ·|¤ñ SCSI ªººC«Ü¦h¡A¥t¥~¡A¦³¤@¨Ç ATAPI
+ CDROM (³o¤]´N¬O»¡«D SCSI ªº CDROM) ¥i¯àµLªk¹B§@¡C
+
+ <p>¹ï¤F¡A2.2 ª©ªº FreeBSD CDROM (¥Ñ Walnut Creek ¾ã²zªº) ¤ä´©¥úºÐ¶}¾÷¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤ä´© ZIP ¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ·íµM¤ä´© SCSI ZIP¡C¦ý¬O ZIP ¥u¯à°÷³Q³]©w¦b SCSI ID 5 ©Î¬O 6
+ ¡C¦ý¦pªG SCSI ¥d¤Wªº BIOS ¤ä´©¥¦¡A§A¬Æ¦Ü¥i¥H¥Î¥¦¨Ó¶}¾÷¡C§Ú­Ì¤£¾å±o­þ¤@
+ ¶ô¥d¥i¥HÅý§A§â¥dªº ID ³]¦b°£¤F 0 ©Î 1 ¥H¥~ªº¦a¤è¶}¾÷... ¬Ý¬Ý§Aªº»¡©ú¤â
+ ¥U (ªG§A¦¨¥\ªº¸Ü¡A¤]½Ð§AÅý§Ú­Ìª¾¹D)
+
+ <p>ATAPI (¤]´N¬O IDE ¤¶­±) ZIP ¤w¸g¦b FreeBSD 2.2.6 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»³Q¤ä´©¤F¡C
+
+ <p>FreeBSD 3.0-CURRENT ¤]¦³¤ä´© parallel ZIP¡CµM¦Ó¡A¤£¹L§A»Ý­n»s§@¤@­Ó¥i¥H
+ ¤ä´© ppbus (Parallel Port Bus) ªº kernel¡A¥HÅý§A¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î§Aªº ZIP¡C½Ð°Ñ
+ ¦Ò LINT ³o­ÓÀɮסC
+
+ <p>¤]¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò<ref id="jaz" name="¦³Ãö¥i¥H²¾°Êªº³]³Æ">¡A
+ ¤Î<ref id="disklabel" name="¦³Ãö©ó format ªº¸ê®Æ">¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ FreeBSD ¦³¤ä´© JAZ¡BEZ ¤Î¨ä¥L¹³³o¤@Ãþ¥i¥H²¾°Êªº³]³Æ¶Ü¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>°£¤F IDE ªº EZ drive ¥~¡A¨ä¥LªºÀ³¸Ó³£¬O SCSI ¤¶­±¡C©Ò¥H§AÀ³¸Ó±N¤j³¡
+ ¥÷³]³Æ¬Ý¦¨ SCSI ºÏºÐ¾÷¡A§â³Ñ¤U¨º¨Çªº IDE EZ ªº³]³Æ¬Ý¦¨ IDE ³]³Æ¡C
+
+ <p><label id="jaz">§Ú­Ì¨Ã¤£½T©w FreeBSD ¹ï©ó§ó´« jaz ºÏ¤ù®Éªº¤ä´©«ç¼Ë
+ ¡C¦ý§Ú­Ìª¾¹D¥²»Ý¦b©â´« jaz ºÏ¤ù«e±N³o­ÓÀɮרt²Î¥ý¨ø¤U¡C·íµM¡A§A¥²»Ý½T
+ ©w¦b¶}¾÷®É³o¨Ç³]³Æªº¹q·½¬O¥´¶}ªº¡A¥H«KÅý FreeBSD ¥i¥H°»´ú¨ì¡C
+
+ <p>°Ñ¦Ò<ref id="disklabel" name="¦³Ãö©ó format ºÏ¤ùªº¸ê®Æ">¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦³¨º¨Ç multi-port serial ¥d³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>§A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò<htmlurl url="../handbook/install:misc.html"
+ name="¨ä¥L¶gÃä³]³Æ">ªºªí¡C
+
+ <p>ÁöµM¦³¨Ç¥d¬O¨SµPªº¡A¦ý¤]¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤U¤u§@¡A¹³¬O¸¹ºÙ¤ä´© AST ªº¥d¡C
+
+ <p>°Ñ¦Ò <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sio"
+ name="sio ³o¥÷»¡©ú¤å¥ó">¥i¥HÅý§A¤F¸Ñ§ó¦h¦³Ãö©ó³o¤@Ãþ¥dªº¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¦³¤@°¦ bus mouse¡C§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó³]©w¡H<label id="busmouse"></heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¤ä´©¥Ñ Microsoft, Logitech ¤Î ATI ©Ò¥Í²£ªº bus mouse ¤Î InPort
+ bus mouse¡C³o¨Ç·Æ¹«ªº driver ³£¤w¸g¤º§t¦b GENERIC ¸Ì­±¤F¡C¦pªG§A¦Û¤v¦³­«·s
+ °µ¤@­Ó kernel¡A½Ð½T©w¦³¨S¦³§â¤U¦C³o¤@¦æ¥[¤J§Aªº kernel config file¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ device mse0 at isa? port 0x23c tty irq5 vector mseintr
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¶R bus mouse ®ÉÀ³¸Ó·|§t¤@¶ô¤¶­±¥d¡C³o¶ô¥d¤¹³\§A³]©w¤£¦Pªº port address ¤Î
+ IRQ number¡C°Ñ¦Ò§Aªº»¡©ú¤â¥U¤Î <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?mse"
+ name="mse man page"> ¨Ó±o¨ì§ó¦hªº¸ê°T.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î PS/2 mouse ©Î¬O PS/2 keyboard¡H<label id="ps2mouse"></heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§Aªº FreeBSD ¬O 2.2.5 ¥H¤Wªºª©¥» (§t 2.2.5)¡A¨º»ò§A»Ý­nªº driver ¤£¶È©ñ¨ì
+ kernel ¸Ì­±¤F¡A¦Ó¥B§Aªº PS/2 ³]³ÆÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦b¶}¾÷®É³Q°»´ú¨ì¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¥Îªº¬O 2.1.x ¨ì 2.2.5 (¤£§t 2.2.5) ª©ªº FreeBSD¡A§A¥i¥H¦b
+ ¶}¾÷ªº®É­Ô¶i¤J¡ukernel configuration menu¡v¸Ì¥h±Ò°Ê¡A¤]´N¬O¦b¶}¾÷®É¥X²{
+ boot: ªº²Å¸¹«á¥´¤J -c¡C¦]¬°¹w³]­È¬OÃö±¼ªº¡A©Ò¥H§A¥²»Ý¦Û¤v¥h±Ò°Ê¥¦¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¥Îªº¬O§óªºª©¥»¡A§A»Ý­n¦Û¤v½s¤@­Ó kernel¡A¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɸ̭±¥[¤J¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ device psm0 at isa? port "IO_KBD" conflicts tty irq 12 vector psmintr
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¹ï©ó¦Û¤v½s¤@­Ó®Ö¤ß¨S¦³¸gÅç¡A½Ð°Ñ¦Ò<htmlurl
+ url="../handbook/kernelconfig.html" name="¡u½s¤@­Ó®Ö¤ß¡v">
+
+ <p>¦pªG¦b¶}¾÷®É¦³§ä¨ì psm0 «o¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î¡A½Ð½T©w¦b /dev ¤U¦³ psm0 ³o­Ó³]³ÆÀÉ¡C
+ ¦pªG¨S¦³¡A§AÀ³¸Ó¥Î root ªº¨­¥÷¿é¤J¤U­±³o¦æ¨Ó°µ¥X¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ cd /dev; sh MAKEDEV psm0
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬O§_¦³¥i¯à¦b X Window ¤§¥~¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«©O¡H<label id="moused"></heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¥Îªº¬O default console driver¡A¤]´N¬O syscons¡A¦Ó·Q­n¥Î
+ ·Æ¹««ü¼Ð¨Ó°Å¶K¤å¦r¡A¨º»ò´N°õ¦æ·Æ¹«ªº daemon¡A¤]´N¬O moused¡AµM«á
+ ¥Î¤U­±³o¨â¦æ¨Ó±Ò°Ê¥¦¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ moused -p /dev/xxxx -t yyyy
+ vidcontrol -m on
+ </verb>
+
+ <p><tt>xxxx</tt> ªº¦a¤è¶ñ¤J mouse ªº device name¡A¦Ó <tt>yyyy</tt>
+ ¶ñ¤J³o°¦·Æ¹«ªº protocol type¡C§A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?moused" name="moused">
+ ³o­Ó man page ¨Ó§ä¬Ý¬Ý¦³¨º¨Ç protocol types ¥i¥H¶ñ¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A·Q­n¦b¶}¾÷®É´N°õ¦æ moused¡C¦b 2.2.1 ª©¤§«e (§t 2.2.1)¡A¨ì
+ <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> ³]©w¤U­±ªº­È¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ mousedtype="yyyy"
+ mousedport="xxxx"
+ mousedflags=""
+ </verb>
+
+ ¦b 2.2.2 ª©¥H«á (§t 2.2.2) ¨ì <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt> ³]©w¤U­±ªº­È¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ moused_type="yyyy"
+ moused_port="xxxx"
+ moused_flags=""
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¥t¥~±q 2.2.6 ª©¶}©l¡Amoused ¥i¥H¦Û°Ê¨M©w protocol type¡A°£«D·Æ¹«¹ê¦b
+ ¬O¤Ó¤F¡C¦pªG¤Óªº¸Ü¡A¦b moused_type ¶ñ¤J ``<tt>auto</tt>''¡AµM«á¬èë
+ ¥i¥H°»´úªº¨ì¡C
+
+ <p>·í°õ¦æ moused «á¡A·Q­n¦b¨ä¥Lµ{¦¡¸Ì¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«»Ý­n¹³ X Window ³oÃþªºÀ³¥Î
+ µ{¦¡¡C°Ñ¦Ò¥»¤åªº <ref id="x-and-moused" name="¥t¥~¤@¬q">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦p¦ó¦b text console ¸Ì°Å¶K¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>·í°õ¦æ moused «á¡A(°Ñ¦Ò<ref id="moused" name="«e¤@¬q">)¡A«ö¦í¥ªÁä¡A
+ ²¾°Ê·Æ¹«¨Ó¿ï¾Ü¤@­Ó°Ï°ì¤§«á©ñ¶}¡CµM«á¡A«ö¤U¤¤Áä©Î¥kÁä¡A´N¥i¥H¶K¤W¥h¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¦b 2.2.6 ª©«á (§t 2.2.6)¡A«ö¤U¤¤Áä·|°õ¦æ¶K¤W³o­Ó°Ê§@¡A¦ý«ö¤U¥kÁä·|©µ¦ù
+ ©Ò¿ï¨úªº°Ï°ì¡C¦pªG§Aªº·Æ¹«¨S¦³¤¤Áä¡A§A¥i¥H¥Î¼ÒÀÀªº¤è¦¡©Î¬O­«·s©w¸q·Æ¹««ö
+ Á䪺¤è¦¡¨Ó¹F¦¨¡u©µ¦ù¡vªº¥\¯à¡C°Ñ¦Ò <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?moused" name="moused"> ³o­Ó man
+ pages ¨Ó±o¨ì§ó¦h¬ÛÃö¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªº·Æ¹«¤W¦³ºu½ü¡A¯à¤£¯à¦b FreeBSD ¤U¨Ï¥Î¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>«Ü¤£©¯ªº¡A¦b¤j¦h¼Æªº±¡ªp¤U¤£¦æ¡C³o¨Ç±a¦³ºu½üªº·Æ¹«»Ý­n¥Î¯S
+ ®íªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡C°£«D·Æ¹«¦³³Q§Aªºµ{¦¡©Î¬OÅX°Êµ{¦¡©Ò¤ä´©¡A¤£µM³o¨Ç·Æ
+ ¹«¥u¯à°÷·í¦¨¬O´¶³qªº¨âÁä©Î¤TÁ䪺·Æ¹«¨Ï¥Î¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¯à¦b§Úªº laptop ¤W¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«/­y¸ñ²y/touchpad ¶Ü¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>°Ñ¦Ò<ref id="ps2mouse" name="¤W¤@¬qªºµª®×">¡A¨Ã¥B°Ñ¦Ò
+ <ref id="pao" name="this note"> on the Mobile Computing page.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦³¨º¨Ç tape ©PÃ䦳³Q¤ä´©¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¤ä´© SCSI¡AQIC-36 (QIC-02 ¤¶­±) ¤Î QIC-40/80 (Floppy ¤¶­±) tape drives¡C
+ ¥]¬A 8-mm (aka Exabyte) ¤Î DAT drives¡C¤w¸gª¾¹D QIC-40/80 drives «ÜºC¡C
+
+ <p>¬Y¨Ç¦­´Áªº 8-mm drives ¨Ã¤£¬Û®e©ó SCSI-2¡A¥i¯à¨S¦³¿ìªk¦b FreeBSD ¤W¹B§@¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤ä´© tape changer ¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD 2.2 §Q¥Î <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ch(4)"
+ name="ch"> ³o­Ó³]³Æ¨Ó¤ä´© SCSI changers¡A§A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?chio" name="chio"> ³o­Ó«ü¥O¡C
+ ¦p¦ó±±¨î changer ªº¤èªk¥i¥H¦b <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?chio"
+ name="chio"> ³o¥÷»¡©ú¤å¥ó¸Ì§ä¨ì¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¤£¬O¥Î <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?amanda" name="AMANDA"> ©Î
+ ¨ä¥L¤w¸g³Qª¾¹Dªº changer¡A°O¦í¡A§A¥uª¾¹D¦p¦ó±N¤@­Ó tape ±q¨ä¤¤¤@­Ó²¾¨ì¥t¥~¤@­Ó¡A
+ ©Ò¥H§A»Ý­n°O¦í¨º¤@­Ó tape ¦b¸Ì­±¡A¤Î²{¦b¦³¨º¤@­Ó tape »Ý­n©ñ¦^¥h¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦³¨º¨Ç­µ®Ä¥d¦³³Q FreeBSD ¤ä´©¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¤ä´© SoundBlaster¡ASoundBlaster Pro¡ASoundBlaster 16¡A
+ Pro Audio Spectrum 16¡AAdLib ¤Î Gravis UltraSound sound cards¡C
+ ¦ý¹ï©ó MPU-401 ¤Î¨ä¬Û®e MIDI ¥dªº¤ä·½¦³­­¡C¹ï©ó¨Ï¥Î Microsoft
+ Sound System ªº¥d¥i¥H³z¹L pcm ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¨Ó¨Ï¥Î¥¦¡C
+
+ <p><bf/NOTE/ ³o­ÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¥u¾A¥Î©óÁn­µ¤è­±¡A¦Ó¥B¨Ã¤£¤ä´©¦b³o¨Ç
+ ¥d¤Wªº CD-ROM¡ASCSI ©Î joysticks¡C¦ý¤]¦³¨Ç¨Ò¥~¡A¹³¬O SoundBlaster¡B
+ SoundBlaster SCSI ¤¶­±¤Î¬Y¨Ç«D SCSI CDROMS ¦³³Q¤ä´©¡A¦ý§AµLªk¨Ï¥Î³o
+ ¨Ç³]³Æ¶}¾÷¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¨º¨Çºô¸ô¥d³Q FreeBSD ©Ò¤ä´©¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>°Ñ¦Ò<htmlurl url="../handbook/install:nics.html" name="¤A¤Óºô¸ô¥d">
+ ¡A¸Ì­±¦³§¹¾ãªº²M³æ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªº¹q¸£¨S¦³¯BÂI¹Bºâ¾¹¡A³oÅ¥°_¨Ó¦n¹³¤£¤Ó¦n¡H</heading>
+
+ <p><tt /Note/ ³o¥u·|¼vÅT¨ì¥Î 386/486SX/486SLC ªº¤H - ¨Ï¥Î¨ä¥Lªº CPU ³£
+ ¤w¸g¤º§t²ÅÂI¹Bºâ¾¹¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡³o¤£·|³y¦¨¥ô¦ó°ÝÃD¡A¦ý·í§A­n¥Îªº®É­Ô¡AµL½×¦b®Ä²v¤W»Pºë±K«×¤W¡A
+ ¼ÒÀÀ¯BÂI¹Bºâªºµ{¦¡½X¤£¯à­ÝÅU (°Ñ¦Ò<ref id="emul" name="²ÅÂI¹Bºâ¼ÒÀÀ¾¹">)¡C
+ ¤×¨ä¬O¦b X ¤U­±µe©·§Î®É·|«ÜºC¡C©Ò¥H¡A§Ú­ÌÁÙ¬O·|«ØÄ³¶R¤@Áû²ÅÂI¹Bºâ¾¹¡C
+
+ <p><bf/NOTE/ ¦³¨Ç¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¾¹¤ñ¨ä¥Lªº¦n¡C¦ý¬O¨S¦³¤H±j­¢§A¶R Intel ªº¡C
+ °£«D§A½T©w§A¶Rªº¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤W¥¿½Tªº¤u§@¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>2.X Á٤䴩¨º¨Ç³]³Æ¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>½Ð¦h¦h°Ñ¦Ò <htmlurl url="../handbook/install:misc.html" name="Handbook">
+ ¡A¸Ì­±¦³¦C¥X¡C
+
+<!--
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n¶R¤@»O·sªº¾÷¾¹¡A¦³¥ô¦ó«ØÄ³¥i¥Hµ¹§Ú¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A­n¦Û¦æ²Õ¸Ë¡A§A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò Handbook ¤¤ªº<htmlurl
+ url="../handbook/hw.html" name="µwÅé">¡A©ÎªÌ§A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò<htmlurl
+ url="../commercial/hardware.html" name="µwÅé¼t°Ó">´£¨Ñ§A¤F¸Ñ¦U®a
+ ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î FreeBSD ªº¾÷¾¹¡C
+-->
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤ä´©¹q·½ºÞ²z¨t²Î¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¤ä´©¬Y¨Ç¾÷¾¹¤Wªº APM¡C½Ð°Ñ¦Ò <tt/LINT/ ³o­Ó kernel ³]©wÀÉ¡A
+ ¨Ã§ä¬Ý¬Ý <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?apm"
+ name="APM"> ³o­ÓÃöÁä¦r¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦b¬Y¨ÇµwÅé¤W©Ò²£¥Íªº°ÝÃD</heading>
+ <p>¥»¬q¥]¬A¤F¬Y¨ÇµwÅé©Ò²£¥Íªº°ÝÃD¡C
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>¦b Micron systems ªº¥D¾÷ªO¤W§Ú¨S¦³¿ìªk¶i¤J FreeBSD</heading>
+ <p>Micron ªº¬Y¨Ç¥D¾÷ªO¨S¦³¿í¦u PCI BIOS ªº³W©w¡A¦Ó¾É¦Ü©ó·í¶i¤J FreeBSD
+ ®É±¾±¼¡C¦]¬°³o¨Ç PCI ªº³]³Æ¨S¦³¦b¶}¾÷®É¦V¥D¾÷ªO³ø§i¥Lªºªº¦ì¸m¡C
+ <p>¶i¤J BIOS «á¡A±N¡uPlug and Play Operating System¡v³o¶µµ¹ disable ±¼
+ ¥i¥H¼È®É¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C¦pªG§A·Q±o¨ì§ó¦h¦³Ãö Micron ªº°T®§¡A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò
+ <htmlurl
+ url="http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/drivers/vortex.html#micron"
+ name="http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/drivers/vortex.html#micron">
+ </sect2>
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¦³¤@¶ô·s¶Rªº Adaptec ¥d¡A¦ý¬O FreeBSD §ä¤£¨ì¥¦¡C
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>Adaptec ·sªº AIC789x ¨t¦C´¹¤ù²Õ¦b­è¥XĪªº CAM SCSI Àô¹Ò¤U¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¡C
+ 3.0-CURRENT ¤Î 2.2-STABLE »Ý­n patches¡A¦b
+ <url url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/development/cam/"
+ name="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/development/cam/">¡CA CAM-enhanced ¶}¾÷ºÏ¤ù¦b
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/~abial/cam-boot/"
+ name="http://www.freebsd.org/~abial/cam-boot/">¡CµL½×§A¬O¥Î¨º¤@­Ó¡A½Ð¥ý°Ñ¦Ò README
+ </p>
+
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú³o¦³¤@­Ó PnP ªº modem¡A¦ý¬O FreeBSD ¨S§ä¨ì«¨¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>§A»Ý­n§â modem ªº PnP ID ¥[¨ì serial ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº PnP ID ªí¸Ì¡AµM«á±N PnP ªº¥\¯à
+ µ¹¥´¶}¡C¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɸ̥[¤J <tt/controller pnp0/ «á¦A­«·s½sͤ@­Ó®Ö¤ß¡AµM«á­«
+ ·s±Ò°Ê§Aªº¨t²Î¡C®Ö¤ß·|¦C¥X¥¦©Ò§ä¨ìªº©Ò¦³³]³Æªº PnP ID¡C½Ð±N³o¨Ç modem ªº PnP ID
+ ½Æ»s¨ì <tt>/sys/i386/isa/sio.c</tt>¡A¤j¬ù 1200 ¦æªº¦a¤è¡C§A¥i¥H§ä "SUP1310" ³o­Ó
+ ¦r¦ê¨ÓÀ°§U§A§ä¨ì "siopnp_ids[]" ³o­Óªí¡C¦A­«·s½sͤ@­Ó kernel ¤§«á­«·s¶}¾÷¡A§Aªº
+ modem À³¸Ó·|³Q§ä¨ì¤F¡C
+ </p>
+
+ <p>§A¤]¥i¥H¦b¶}¾÷®É¤â°Ê¿é¤JÃþ¦ü¤U­±ªº¦r¦êÅý®Ö¤ß¬Ý¨ì§Aªº modem¡G
+ <verb>
+ pnp 1 0 enable os irq0 3 drq0 0 port0 0x2f8
+ </verb>
+ </p>
+
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó¦p¦ó¦b serial console «e¬Ý¨ì boot: ³o­Ó´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p><enum>
+ <item>¦b§Aªº®Ö¤ßÀɸ̭±¥[¤J¤@¦æ <tt/options COMCONSOLE/¡AµM«á­«·s½sͧAªº®Ö¤ß¡A
+ <item>µM«á¨ì /boot.config ¸Ì¼g¤J <tt/-P/ ³o¨â­Ó¦r¡C
+ <item>Unplug the keyboard from the system.
+ </enum></p>
+
+ <p>°Ñ¦Ò <tt>/usr/src/sys/i386/boot/biosboot/README.serial</tt> ¨Ó¤F¸Ñ§ó¦hªº¸ê°T¡C</p>
+
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+
+
+ <heading>¬°¤°»ò§Úªº 3Com PCI ºô¸ô¥d¨S¦³¿ìªk¦b Micron ¥D¾÷ªO¤W¤u§@¡H</heading>
+ <p>¬Y¨Ç Micron ¥D¾÷ªO¨S¦³¿í¦u PCI BIOS ªº³W©w¦Ó¨Ï±o PCI ªº¶gÃä³]³Æ¨S¦³¦^³ø
+ ¥L­Ìªº¦ì¸m¡C³o¨Ï±o¦b¶i¤J FreeBSD ®É·|±¾±¼¡C
+ <p>¦pªG­n¼È®É¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A½Ð¦b BIOS ¸Ì disable¡uPlug and Play Operating System¡v
+ <p>¦³Ãö Micron §ó¦hªº°T®§¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò¡G
+ <htmlurl
+ url="http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/drivers/vortex.html#micron"
+ name="http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/drivers/vortex.html#micron">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤ä´© Symmetric Multiproccessing (SMP) ¶Ü?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>SMP ¥u¦b 3.0-CURRENT ³Q¤ä´©.
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/includes.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/includes.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..011f61b8b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/includes.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<!-- $Id: includes.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+
+<!-- book stores -->
+<!ENTITY isbn.amazon 'http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN'>
+
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/install.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/install.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bcd2cce3af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/install.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,632 @@
+<!-- $Id: install.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by foxfair@FreeBSD.ORG -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.13 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>¦w¸Ë FreeBSD<label id="install"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó¤U¸ü­þ¨ÇÀÉ®×¥H¨ú±o FreeBSD¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>³q±`§A¥u»Ý­n¤@±i³nºÐ¬M¹³ÀÉ¡A<em>floppies/boot.flp</em>¡A§â¥¦«þ
+ ¨©¨ì 1.44MB ³nºÐ¤ù¤WµM«á±Ò°Ê¥¦¡A¦A¥h¤U¸ü¨ä¥Lªº³¡¥÷(¦w¸Ëµ{§Ç·|ºÞ
+ ²z§Aªº TCP/IP ³s½u¡A¥H¤Î tapes¡A¥úºÐ¾÷¡A³nºÐ¾÷¡ADOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡A¤Î
+ ¨ä¥L¥u­n¬O¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤»Ý­n¥Î¨ìªº)¡C
+
+ <p>­Y§A¥u»Ý­n¦Û¤v¤U¸ü distributions(¥i¨³³tªº¥Ñ DOS Àɮרt²Î¨Ó¦w¸Ë)
+ ¡A¥H¤U¬O§Ú­Ì«ØÄ³§A§ì¨Ó¦w¸Ëªº distributions¡G
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item> bin/<newline>
+ <item> manpages/<newline>
+ <item> compat*/<newline>
+ <item> doc/ <newline>
+ <item> src/ssys.* <newline>
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>¦w¸Ëµ{§Çªº§¹¾ã«ü¥O¡A¥H¤Î§ó¦h´¶¹M©Ê¦w¸Ë®É·|¸I¨ìªº°ÝÃD¥i¥H¦b
+ <url url="../handbook/install.html"
+ name="Handbook entry on installing FreeBSD.">³o¸Ì§ä¨ì¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>±Ï©R¡I±Ò°Êªº³nºÐ¬M¹³ÀɵLªk¶ë¨ì¤@¤ù³æ¿Wªº³nºÐ¤ù¸Ì¡I
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¤@±i 3.5 ­^¦T(1.44MB)³nºÐ¤ù¥i¥H®e¯Ç 1474560 ¦ì¤¸²Õªº¸ê®Æ¡C
+ ±Ò°Êªº¬M¹³ÀÉ´N­è¦n¬O³o­Ó¤j¤p¡C
+ <p>¦b·Ç³Æ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¤ù®É±`¨£ªº¿ù»~¦³¡G
+ <itemize>
+ <item>¨Ï¥Î <tt>FTP</tt> ®É¨S¦³¨Ï¥Î <tt>binary</tt> ¼Ò¦¡¡C
+ <p>¬Y¨Ç FTP client ³nÅ饦­Ì¤º©wªº¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡¬O <tt>ascii</tt>
+ ¨Ã¥B¸ÕµÛ§ó§ï¥ô¦ó¦b²×ºÝ³Q±µ¦¬ªº¦r¤¸¡A¥H²Å¦X³o­Ó client ¨t²Î¥»¨­
+ ¡C¤j³¡¤À±¡§Î¤U³o¥²µM·|·´·l±Ò°Ê¬M¹³ÀÉ¡AÀˬd¤@¤U§A¤U¸üªº±Ò°Ê
+ ¬M¹³Àɤj¤p¡G¦pªG³o¤£¬O<em>§¹¥þ¦a</em>²Å¦X server ºÝ¤WªºÀÉ
+ ®×¤j¤p¡A¨º»ò§Aªº¤U¸üµ{§Ç´N¦³°ÝÃD¡C
+
+ <p>¸Ñ¨M¤èªk¡G¦b§A³s±µ¤W server ¦ý©|¥¼¶}©l¤U¸ü¬M¹³Àɤ§«e¡A
+ ¬Ý¨ì FTP ©R¥O´£¥Ü¸¹®É¥´ <tt>binary</tt>¡C
+
+ <item>¨Ï¥Î DOS ªº <tt>copy</tt> ©R¥O(©Îµ¥®Äªº GUI ¤u¨ã)¨Ó§â±Ò
+ °Ê¬M¹³Àɶǰe¨ì³nºÐ¤ù¡C
+ <p>Ãþ¦ü¹³ <tt>copy</tt> ªºµ{¦¡¡A¦b±Ò°Ê¬M¹³ÀɳQ«Ø¥ß¨Ã¥Bª½±µ
+ ¶}¾÷«á¨Ã¨S¦³¥\¥Î¡C¬M¹³Àɸ̦³§¹¾ãªººÏºÐ¤º®e¡AºÏ­y¹ïºÏ­y¡A³o¥N
+ ªíµÛ§AµLªk¥ÎºÏ¤ù¤W©T©wªºÀÉ®×¥h¨ú¥N¥¦¡C
+ §A¥²¶·§â¥¦¶Ç°e¨ì³nºÐ¤ùªº``raw''¤W¡A¨Ï¥Î§C¶¥¤Æ¤u¨ã(¹³¬O
+ <tt>fdimage</tt> ©Î <tt>rawrite</tt>)¡A³o¨Ç¦b
+ <url url="../handbook/install.html" name="installation guide to
+ FreeBSD">¸Ì­±¦h¦³´y­z¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ªº«ü¥O¬O¤°»ò¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>§A¥i¥H¦b³o¸Ì§ä¨ì¦w¸Ë«ü¥O¡C
+ <url url="../handbook/install.html"
+ name="Handbook entry on installing FreeBSD.">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>­n°õ¦æ FreeBSD §ÚÁٻݭn¤°»ò¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>§A»Ý­n¤@¥x 386 ©Î§ó¦nªº PC¡A¥]§t 5MB ©Î§ó¦hªº RAM¥H¤Î¦Ü¤Ö 60MB
+ ªººÏºÐªÅ¶¡¡C¥i¥H¶È¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó§C¶¥ªº MDA ¹Ï§Î¥d¡A¦pªG§A­n°õ¦æ X11R6
+ ¡A»Ý­n VGA ©Î§ó¦nªºµø°T¥d¡C
+
+ <p>¥ç°Ñ¦Ò³o­Ó³¹¸` <ref id="hardware" name="Hardware compatibility">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥u¦³ 4MB RAM¡A¨º§Ú¯à¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD 2.1.7 ¬O³Ì«á¤@­Ó¥i¦b 4MB ¨t²Î¤W³Q¦w¸Ëªºª©¥»¡C·sª©ªº
+ FreeBSD¡A¹³¬O 2.2¡A»Ý­n¦Ü¤Ö 5MB ¨Ó¦w¸Ë¥¦¦b¤@­Ó¥þ·sªº¨t²Î¤W¡C
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ªº©Ò¦³ª©¥»¡A¥]¬A 3.0¡A³£¦b 4MB ªº°O¾ÐÅé¤U°õ¦æ¡A¤£¹L¦w¸Ë
+ ®É¤£¯à¥u¥Î 4MB¡C¦pªG§A·Q³o¼Ë¡A§A¥i¥H¦b¦w¸Ë®É¥[¤JÃB¥~ªº°O¾ÐÅé¡AµM
+ «áµ¥¨t²Î¥i¥H°õ¦æ«á¡A´«¦^ 4MB¡C©Î¬O§A¥i¥H§â§AªººÏºÐ¾÷¤Á¥X¤@­Ó 4MB
+ ¥H¤W¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¡A¦w¸Ë¦n¨t²Î«á¦A§â¸m´«ªÅ¶¡¬å±¼¡C
+
+ <p>FreeBSD 2.1.7 ¤]¦³¤£¯à¦b 4MB ¦w¸Ëªº±¡§Î¡C¥¿½Tªº»¡¡AÀ³¸Ó¬O«ü
+ ¤£¯à¦b°ò¥»ªº 640kB ¥[¤W 3MB ©µ¦ù°O¾ÐÅé¸Ì¦w¸Ë¡C¦pªG§Aªº¥D¾÷ªO
+ ¥i¥H­«·s§ä¦^¦b 640kB ¨ì 1MB ½d³ò¤¤¨º¨Ç``¿ò¥¢''ªº°O¾ÐÅé¡A¨º»ò
+ ©Î³\§AÁÙ¬O¥i¥H§â FreeBSD 2.1.7 ¸Ë°_¨Ó¡C
+
+ <p>¸ÕµÛ¶i¤J§Aªº BIOS ³]©w¿ï³æ¨Ã§ä¤@­Ó``remap''¿ï¹³¡A§â¥¦¥´¶}¡C
+ §A©Î³\¤]¸Ó§â ROM shadowing µ¹Ãö±¼¡C
+
+ <p>¥u¦b¦w¸Ë®É¨Ï¥Î 4MB ¥i¯à®e©ö¤@ÂI¡A«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¥u¦³§A»Ý­nªº¿ï¶µªº
+ ®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡µM«á´N¥i¥H¥Î¥u¥Î 4MB¡C
+
+ <p>§A¤]¥i¥H¦w¸Ë 2.0.5 µM«á¦A§â§Aªº¨t²Î¥Î 2.1.7 ¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡¸Ì
+ ``upgrade''ªº¿ï¶µ¤É¯Å¨ì 2.1.7 ª©¥»¡C
+
+ <p>¦w¸Ë«á¦pªG§A«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¦Û­qªº®Ö¤ß¡A³o±N·|¦b 4MB ¤U°õ¦æ¡C´¿¦³
+ ¤H¦¨¥\ªº¥Î 2MB ¶}¾÷(¤£¹L¨t²Î´X¥G¤£¯à¥Î :-))¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¸Ó«ç»ò»s§@¦Û­qªº¦w¸Ë³nºÐ¤ù¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¥Ø«e§AµLªk *¥u* »s§@¤@­Ó¦Û­qªº¦w¸Ë³nºÐ¤ù¡C§A¥²¶·°µ¥X¾ã­Ó¥þ·sªº
+ release ¨t²Î¡A³o¸Ì­±´N¥]¬A§Aªº¦w¸Ë³nºÐ¤ù¡C¬Y¨Ç¦b
+ <tt>/usr/src/release/floppies/Makefile</tt> ¸Ìªºµ{¦¡½X°²³]¯àÅý
+ §A*¥u*°µ¥X¨º¨Ç³nºÐ¤ù¡A¦ý¬O¨Æ¹ê¤WÁÙ¤£¦æ¡C
+
+ <p>­n°µ¥X¦Û­qªº release ª©¥»¡A½Ð¿í´` <ref id="custrel" name="here">
+ ªº«ü¥O¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H¦b§Úªº PC ¤W¾Ö¦³¶W¹L¤@­Ó¥H¤Wªº§@·~¨t²Î¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>½Ð°Ñ¦Ò <url url="../tutorials/multios/multios.html"
+ name="The multi-OS page.">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Windows 95 ¥i¥H¸ò FreeBSD ¨Ã¦s¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>¥ý¦w¸Ë Windows 95¡AµM«á¦A¸Ë FreeBSD¡CFreeBSD ªº±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­û
+ ·|±µµÛºÞ²z Win95 ©M FreeBSD¡C°²¨Ï§A²Ä¤G­Ó¤~¸Ë Win95¡A¥¦±N·|
+ °Ý³£¤£°Ýªº²Ê¾|¦a§â§Aªº±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­ûÂмg¹L¥h¡C°²¦p³o¤w¸gµo¥Í¡A
+ ½Ð¬Ý¤U¤@¸`¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ Windows 95 §â§Úªº±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­û±þ±¼¤F¡I§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò§â¥¦±Ï¦^¨Ó¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>§A¥i¥H¥Î¥H¤U¨âºØ¤èªk¤§¤@¨Ó­«·s¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ªº±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­û¡G
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>°õ¦æ DOS¡A¶i¤J§Aªº FreeBSD distributions ªº tools/ ¥Ø¿ý
+ ¨Ã§ä¨ì <bf>bootinst.exe</bf>¡C§A¥i¥H³o¼Ë°õ¦æ¥¦¡G
+
+ <p><bf>bootinst.exe boot.bin</bf>
+
+ <p>³o¼Ë±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­û±N·|¦A¦¸³Q¦w¸Ë¡C
+
+ <item>¥Î FreeBSD ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¤ù¦A¦¸¶}¾÷µM«á¶i¤J Custom ¦w¸Ë¿ï³æ
+ ¶µ¥Ø¡A¿ï¾Ü Partition¡A¿ï¾Ü¨º­Ó¥]§t±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­ûªººÏºÐ¾÷(¤j¦h¬O
+ ²Ä¤@­Ó)¡AµM«á·í¤À³Î°Ï½s¿è¾¹(partition editor)¥X²{®É¡A²Ä¤@¥ó
+ ¨Æ(·N«ä´N¬O¡G¤£­n°µ¥ô¦ó§ó§ï) ¥ý¿ï¾Ü (W)rite¡C·|¥X²{½T»{ªº¸ß
+ °Ý¡A¦^µª yes¡AµM«á·í§A¬Ý¨ì Boot Manager ªº¿ï¾Ü´£¥Ü®É¡A½T©w
+ §A¿ïªº¬O"Boot Manager"³o¶µ¡C
+ ³o·|§â±Ò°ÊºÞ²z­û­«·s¼g¦^ºÏºÐ¸Ì¡C¸õÂ÷¦w¸Ë¿ï³æµM«á´N¸ò¥¿±`±¡§Î
+ ¤@¼Ë­«·s±Ò°ÊµwºÐ¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H¦b¤@­Ó¦³Ãa­y(bad block)ªººÏºÐ¤W¶i¦æ¦w¸Ë¶Ü¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ªº bad block (<htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?bad144" name="bad144">
+ ©R¥O) ³B²z¨Ã«D 100&percnt §¹¥þ(¥Î¹Ï§Î¤Æ¨Ó¬Ý)¡A¦Ó¥B«Ü¤£©¯§Ú­n§i
+ ¶D§A°²¦p§A¦³¤@­Ó IDE ©Î ESDI ¸Ë¸m¥]§t¤j¶qªº bad blocks¡A¨º»ò
+ FreeBSD ¥i¯à¤£¾A¦X§A¡I³oªí¥Ü¡A¹ï¨ä¥L¤j¦h¼Æªº IDE ¨t²Î¥i¯à¦³
+ ¥Î¡A§A¥i¯à·Q¦b©ñ±ó«e¥ý¹Á¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¦³¤@­Ó¦³ bad blocks ªº SCSI ¸Ë¸m¡A½Ð¬Ý <ref id="awre"
+ name="this answer">.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·í§Ú±Ò°Ê¦w¸Ë³nºÐ¤ù®É¡A©_©Çªº¨Æ±¡µo¥Í¤F¡I</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¬Ý¨ì©_©Çªº¨Æ±¡¡A¹³¬O¾÷¾¹°±¦í¤F©Î¬O·í§A¸ÕµÛ±q¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù°_
+ °Ê®É¬ðµM¦Û°Ê­«·s¶}¾÷¤F¡A³o¸Ì¦³¤T­Ó°ÝÃD§A¸Ó¥ý°Ý°Ý¦Û¤v:-
+
+ <enum>
+ <item>§A¬O§_¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó·sªº¡A­è®æ¦¡¤Æ¹L¡A¨S¦³¥ô¦ó¿ù»~ªº³nºÐ¤ù(¥i
+ ¥H¬O¤@±i¥þ·s­è©î«Êªº¡A¦Ó«D¬O¨ººØ¤w¸g§Aªº§É¤U½ö¤F¤T¦~¡A¬OÂø»xÃØ
+ °eªº«Ê­±ºÏ¤ù)¡H
+
+ <item>§A¬O§_¥Î binary ¼Ò¦¡¤U¸ü³nºÐ¬M¹³ÀÉ¡H
+ (¤£¥Î¤£¦n·N«ä¡A´Nºâ¬O§Ú­Ì¤§¤¤³Ì¦nªº¤@­Ó¤H¤]´¿·N¥~ªº§â binary
+ ÀɥΠASCII ¼Ò¦¡¤U¸ü¦Ü¤Ö¤@¦¸¡I)
+
+ <item>¦pªG§A¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Î¹³¬O Windows95 ©Î Windows NT ³o´XºØ·s«¬ªº
+ §@·~¨t²Î¡A§A¦³¨S¦³§â¨t²ÎÃö¾÷µM«á±Ò°Ê¨ì³Ì­ì©lª¬ºA¡A¥u¦³ DOS¡H
+ ³o¨Ç OS ¬Ý°_¨Ó·|ªý꨺¨Çª½±µ¾Þ§@µwÅ骺µ{¦¡¡A¹³¬O«Ø¥ßºÏºÐªºµ{¦¡
+ ¡A¥u­n¦b GUI Àô¹Ò¤Uªº DOS shell ´N·|¾É­P³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C
+ </enum>
+
+ <p>¤]¦³¹L³ø§i¦³Ãö Netscape ·|¾É­P¤U¸ü±Ò°Ê³nºÐªº°ÝÃD¡A¦]¦¹¦pªG§A
+ ¥i¥H¡A³Ì¦n¨Ï¥Î§OºØ¤£¦Pªº FTP client ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>±Ï©R¡I§Ú¤£¯à±q tape ¦w¸Ë¡I</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A±q tape ¦w¸Ë 2.1.7¡A§A¥²¶·¥Î¨C­Ó tar blocksize ¬O 10
+ (5120 bytes)«Ø¥ß³o­Ó tape¡C¤º©wªº tar blocksize ¬O 20(10240
+ bytes)¡AµM¦Ó¥Î³oºØ¤º©w¤j¤p«Ø¥ßªº tape µLªk¥Î¨Ó¦w¸Ë 2.1.7R¡F
+ ¦pªG§A¥Î³oºØ tapes¡A§A·|¬Ý¨ì¦³Ãö¸ê®Æ°O¿ý°Ï¤j¤p¹L¤jªº©ê«è°T
+ ®§¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¥Î¤@±ø¨ÃÁp½u(PLIP)³s±µ¨â¥x FreeBSD¡C
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>§ä¤@±ø laplink ½u¡A½T©w¨âÃä¹q¸£ªº®Ö¤ß³£¤ä´© lpt ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡C
+
+ <verb>
+ $ dmesg | grep lp
+ lpt0 at 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa
+ lpt0: Interrupt-driven port
+ lp0: TCP/IP capable interface
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>§â laplink ½u´¡¤J¨ÃÁp¬É­±¤W¡C
+
+ <p>¥Î root ¨­¤À¦b¨â¥x¹q¸£¤W³]©w lp0 ªººô¸ô¬É­±°Ñ¼Æ¡CÁ|¨Ò¡A¦pªG
+ §A·Q¥Î max ³s±µ moritz¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ max <-----> moritz
+IP Address 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2
+ </verb>
+
+ max ºÝÀ³¸Ó³o¼Ë¶}©l¡G
+ <verb>
+ # ifconfig lp0 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2
+ </verb>
+
+ moritz «h³o¼Ë¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ # ifconfig lp0 10.0.0.2 10.0.0.1
+ </verb>
+
+ <P>¦n¤F¡I¤]½Ð§A¬Ý¬Ý lp(4) ©M lpt(4) ªº manpages¡C
+
+ <P>§A¤]¸Ó§â³o¨Ç¥D¾÷¥[¨ì /etc/hosts ¸Ì­±¡C
+
+ <verb>
+ 127.0.0.1 localhost.my.domain localhost
+ 10.0.0.1 max.my.domain max
+ 10.0.0.2 moritz.my.domain moritz
+ </verb>
+
+ <P>¥Î¥H¤U¤èªkÀˬd¬O§_¦³¥¿±`°Ê§@¡G
+
+ on max:
+
+<verb>
+$ ifconfig lp0
+lp0: flags=8851<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
+ inet 10.0.0.1 --> 10.0.0.2 netmask 0xff000000
+</verb>
+
+<verb>
+$ netstat -r
+Routing tables
+
+Internet:
+Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire
+moritz max UH 4 127592 lp0
+</verb>
+
+<verb>
+$ ping -c 4 moritz
+PING moritz (10.0.0.2): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=2.774 ms
+64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=2.530 ms
+64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=2.556 ms
+64 bytes from 10.0.0.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=2.714 ms
+
+--- moritz ping statistics ---
+4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 2.530/2.643/2.774/0.103 ms
+</verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¥i¥H¦b§Úªº½¥¤W«¬¹q¸£¥Î PLIP(Parallel Line IP)¦w¸Ë¶Ü¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¥Î laplink ¨ÃÁp½u³s±µ¨â¥x¹q¸£¥H¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó¯S©Ê¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ |A-name A-End B-End Descr. Port/Bit |
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ |DATA0 2 15 Data 0/0x01 |
+ |-ERROR 15 2 1/0x08 |
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ |DATA1 3 13 Data 0/0x02 |
+ |+SLCT 13 3 1/0x10 |
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ |DATA2 4 12 Data 0/0x04 |
+ |+PE 12 4 1/0x20 |
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ |DATA3 5 10 Strobe 0/0x08 |
+ |-ACK 10 5 1/0x40 |
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ |DATA4 6 11 Data 0/0x10 |
+ |BUSY 11 6 1/0x80 |
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ |GND 18-25 18-25 GND - |
+ +----------------------------------------+
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>½Ð°Ñ¦Ò Mobile Computing ºô­¶ªº <ref id="pao" name="this note">¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¨Ï¥Î¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¸Ë¸mªº´X¦ó(geometry)¡H
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>(¤@¥xºÏºÐªº"gromrtry"¡A§Ú­Ì«üªº¬O³o¥xºÏºÐ¤W cylinders, heads
+ ©M sectors/track ªº¼Æ¥Ø - ¬°¤F¤è«K¥BºÙ¤§¬° C/H/S¡C³o¬O PC ªº
+ BIOS ¥Î¨ÓŪ/¼gºÏºÐªº¨Ì¾Ú)¡C
+
+ <p>¬°¤F¬Y¨Ç²z¥Ñ¡A³o¦ü¥G·|¾É­P«Ü¦h§xÂZ¡C­º¥ý¡A¤@¥x SCSI ¸Ë¸mªº
+ <tt /physical/ geometry ¸ò FreeBSD ¦b¨Ï¥Îªº disk blocks ¬O§¹
+ ¥þµLÃöªº¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¨Ã¨S¦³©Ò¿×"physical geometry"³oºØªF¦è¡A³o
+ ¬O«üºÏºÐ¾÷¤WºÏ°Ï±K«×ªºÅÜ¤Æ - »s³y°Ó­n¨D¬O"¯u¹êªº"physical
+ geometry ³q±`¬O«ü¡A¥L­Ì©Ò¯à§ä¥X®ö¶O³Ì¤ÖªÅ¶¡ªº geometry µ²ªG¡C
+ ¹ï IDE ºÏºÐ¨Ó»¡¡AFreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î C/H/S ¤è¦¡¤u§@¡A¦ý¬O©Ò¦³²{¦b
+ ªººÏºÐ¤w¸g¦b¤º³¡§â¥¦Âà´«¦¨°Ñ¦Ò block ¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¥t¥~´N¬O©Ò¿×ªº<tt /logical/ geometry - ³o¬O·í BIOS °Ý"§Aªº
+ geometry ¬O¤°»ò¡H"ªº®É­Ô¡A©Ò±o¨ìªºµª®×¨Ã¥B§â¥¦¥Î¨Ó¦s¨úºÏºÐ¡C
+ ·í¶}¾÷®É FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î BIOS ¸ê®Æ¡AÅý³o­Ó¥¿½T¬O¬Û·í­«­nªº¡C¥t¥~
+ ¡A¦pªG§A¦b¦P¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷¤W¦³¤@­Ó¥H¤Wªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A¥L­Ì¥²¶·³£¦P·N
+ grometry¡A§_«h§A¦b¶}¾÷®É·|¦³¤j°ÝÃD¡I
+
+ <p>¹ï SCSI ºÏºÐ¾÷¨Ó»¡¡Ageometry ªº¨Ï¥Î¬O¨Ì¾a±Ò°Ê±±¨î¾¹¨Ó¤ä´©
+ extended translation (³o³q±`ºÙ¤§¬°"¹ï&gt;1GB DOS ºÏºÐ¾÷
+ ªº¤ä´©©Î"Ãþ¦üªººÙ©I)¡C¦pªG¤£¤ä´©¡A¨º»ò¨Ï¥Î N cylinders¡A64
+ heads ©M 32 sectors/track¡A³o¸Ì'N'¬O«üºÏºÐ¾÷ªº MB ®e¶q¡CÁ|¨Ò
+ ¨Ó»¡¡A¤@­Ó 2GB ªººÏºÐ¾÷À³¸Ó°²³]¥¦¦³ 2048 cylinders¡A64 heads
+ ©M 32 sectors/track¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG¥¦½T©w<tt /¬O/ ¥´¶}ªº(³q±`´£¨Ñ³oºØ¤èªk¦b MSDOS ¤U¦³¬Y¨Ç­­
+ ¨î)¡A¨Ã¥BºÏºÐ®e¶q¶W¹L 1GB¡A¨Ï¥Î M cylinders, ¨C­Ó track 63 sectors
+ (*¦Ó«D* 64)¡A¥H¤Î 255 heads¡A³o¸Ì 'M' ¬O¨C MB ªººÏºÐ®e¶q°£¥H
+ 7.844238 (!)¡C©Ò¥H§Ú­Ìªº³o­Ó½d¨Ò¡A2G ºÏºÐ¾÷´N¦³ 261 cylinders,
+ ¨C­Ó track 63 sectors ¥H¤Î 255 heads¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¤£½T©w¥H¤W³o­Ó¡A©Î¬O FreeBSD ¦b¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤­n°»´ú geometry
+ ªº¥¿½T©Ê®É¥¢±Ñ¤F¡A³Ì²³æªº¸Ñ¨M¤èªk³q±`¬O¦bºÏºÐ¤W«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¤pªº DOS
+ ¤À³Î°Ï¡C¥¿½Tªº geometry À³¸Ó¯à³Q°»´ú¨ì¡]¦Ó¥B¦pªG§A¤£·Q«O¯d¥¦¡A
+ §AÁ`¬O¥i¥H¦b¤À³Î°Ï½s¿è¾¹¸Ì§â³o­Ó DOS ¤À³Î°Ï²¾°£±¼¡A©Î¬O§â¥¦¯d¤U
+ ¨Ó¡Aµ¹µ{¦¡¤Æºô¸ô¥d¨Ï¥Î©ÎÀH§A°ª¿³«ç»ò¥Î¥¦¡^¡C
+
+ <p>¥t¥~¡A¦³¤@­Ó§K¶O¦Ó¦³¥Îªº¤½¥Îµ{¦¡¥s ``<tt/pfdisk.exe/'' ÀHµÛ
+ FreeBSD ´²¼½¥X¨Ó¡]¦ì©ó FreeBSD CDROM ªº <tt>tools</tt> ¤l¥Ø¿ý
+ ¤U©Î¬O¦b¤j¦h¼Æªº FreeBSD ftp ¯¸¥x¤º¥i§ä¨ì¡^¡A³o­Óµ{¦¡¥i¥Î¨Ó¸Ñ
+ ¨M§ä¥X¥t¤@§@·~¨t²Î¥¿¦b¨Ï¥ÎºÏºÐ¾÷¤Wªº­þ¶ô geometry¡CµM«á§A´N¥i
+ ¥H¦b¤À³Î°Ï½s¿è¾¹¸Ì­±¿é¤J¥¦¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·í§Ú¤À³ÎºÏºÐ¾÷¹ê¦³¥ô¦ó­­¨î¶Ü¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¬Oªº¡C§A¥²¶·½T»{§Aªº root ¤À³Î°Ï¬O¦b 1024 cylinders ¤§¤º¡AÅý
+ BIOS ¥i¥H±q¨ä¤¤±Ò°Ê®Ö¤ß¡C(ª`·N¡G³o¬O PC ªº BIOS ¥\¯à­­¨î¡A¦Ó¤£
+ ¬O FreeBSD ªº¡^
+
+ <p>¹ï SCSI ¸Ë¸m¨Ó»¡¡A³o³q±`«ö¸ÕµÛ root ¤À³Î°Ï±N·|³B©ó¶}©lªº 1024
+ MB(©Î¬O¶}©lªº 4096MB¡A¦pªG extended translation ¬O¥´¶}ªº - ½Ð
+ °Ñ¦Ò«e¤@¸`)¡C¹ï IDE ¨Ó»¡¡A¬ÛÃöªº³¡¥÷¬O 504MB¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¥i¥H¨Ï¥ÎºÏºÐºÞ²zµ{¦¡(disk managers)¶Ü¡S©Î¬O¡A§Ú¦³¤@­Ó¥¨¤jªººÏºÐ¾÷¡I
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD »{ÃÑ Ontrack Disk Manager ¨Ã¥B¤¹³\¨Ï¥Î¥¦¡A¨ä¥Lªº disk
+ managers «h¤£¦b¤ä´©¤§¦C¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¥u·Q¦bºÏºÐ¾÷¤W¨Ï¥Î FreeBSD ¨º»ò§A®Ú¥»¤£»Ý­n disk manager¡C
+ ¥u­n§âºÏºÐ³]©w¦¨ BIOS ¯à§ì¨ìªº³Ì¤jªÅ¶¡(³q±`¬O 504 megabytes)¡A¨º»ò
+ FreeBSD À³¸Ó´N¥i¥Hºâ¥X§A¨Æ¹ê¤W¾Ö¦³¦h¤ÖªÅ¶¡¡C¦pªG§A¥¿¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó MFM
+ ±±¨î¾¹¨Ó±±¨îªº¦ÑºÏºÐ¡A§A¥i¯à»Ý­n©ú¥Õªº§i¶D FreeBSD ­n¨Ï¥Î¦h¤Ö­Ó
+ cylinders¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A·Q¦bºÏºÐ¤W¨Ï¥Î FreeBSD ©M¥t¤@­Ó§@·~¨t²Î¡A§A¥i¯à¤£»Ý­n
+ disk manager¡G¥u­n½T©w FreeBSD ªº±Ò°Ê¤À³Î°Ï¸ò¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Îªº
+ slice ³£¦ì©ó¶}©lªº 1024 cylinders ¤º¡C¦pªG§A¬Û·í¦a¤p¤ß¡A¤@­Ó
+ 20 megabytes ªº±Ò°Ê¤À³Î°ÏÀ³¸Ó´N°÷¤F¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ·í§Ú±Ò°Ê FreeBSD¡A§Ú¬Ý¨ì ``Missing Operating System''
+ <label id="missing_os">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>³o¬O¤@­Ó¨å«¬ªº±¡§Î¡A¦³Ãö FreeBSD ¥H¤Î DOS ©Î¨ä¥L¦bºÏºÐ³B²zªº
+ ¤èªk¤W¦³½Ä¬ðªº OS <ref id="geometry" name="geometry.">¡C§A»Ý­n
+ ­«·s¦w¸Ë FreeBSD¡A¦ý¬O½Ð¿í·Ó¤W­±©Ò´£¨ìªº«ü¥OÀ³¸Ó´N¥i¥H¤F¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¬Ý¤£¨ì boot manager ªº 'F?' ´£¥Ü¸¹¡C</heading>
+
+ <p>³o¬O«e¤@­¶©Ò´y­z°ÝÃDªº¥t¤@­Ó¼x¥ü¡C§Aªº BIOS geometry ©M FreeBSD
+ ªº geometry ³]©w¤£¬Û¦P¡I¦pªG§Aªº±±¨î¾¹©Î BIOS ¤ä´© cylinders
+ translation (³q±`³Q¼Ð¥Ü¦¨``&gt;1GB drive support'')¡A¸ÕµÛ§â³o­Ó
+ ³]©w¥´¶}µM«á­«·s¦w¸Ë FreeBSD¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¦³ &gt;16MB RAM¡C³o·|¾É­P¥ô¦ó°ÝÃD¶Ü¡S<label id="bigram">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>±q®Ä¯àªº¨¤«×¨Ó¬Ý¡A¤£·|¡CFreeBSD 2.X ¤º§t bounce buffers¡A³o¤¹³\
+ §Aªº bus mastering controller ¦s¨ú¶W¹L 16MB¡C(ª`·N¦pªG§A¥¿¨Ï¥Î
+ ISA ¸Ë¸m³oÀ³¸Ó¬O¥²»Ýªº¡A¾¨ºÞ¤@­Ó©Î¨â­Ó§ó¦­ªº EISA ©M VLB ¸Ë¸m¤]¥i
+ ¯à»Ý­n¥¦)¡C
+
+ <p>¤]½Ð°Ñ¦Ò <ref id="reallybigram" name="&gt;64M machines">
+ ³o¸`¡A°²¦p§A¦³³o»ò¦h°O¾ÐÅé¡A©Î°²¨Ï§A¨Ï¥Î Compaq ©Î¬O¨ä¥L¯à³B²z
+ ³o»ò¦h¦³¥Î°O¾ÐÅ骺¾÷¾¹¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú»Ý­n¦w¸Ë§¹¾ãªº­ì©lµ{¦¡(sources)¶Ü¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>³q±`¬O¤£»Ý­n¡CµM¦Ó¡A·|±j¯P«ØÄ³§A³Ì¤Ö¦w¸Ë ``<tt/base/''
+ source kit¡A³o¥]§t¼Æ­Ó³o¸Ì²³æ´y­z¹LªºÀɮסAÁÙ¦³ ``<tt/sys/''
+ (kernel) source kit¡A³o¥]§t®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡ªº­ì©lµ{¦¡¡C¨t²Î¸Ì­±¤£»Ý
+ ­n¦³­ì©lµ{¦¡¤~¯à¾Þ§@¡AµM¦Ó¡A°£¤F kernel-configuration µ{¦¡
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?config"
+ name="config">¥H¥~¡C¯Ê¤Ö®Ö¤ßªº­ì©lµ{¦¡¡A§Ú­Ìªº«Ø¿v¬[ºc¬O³]©w
+ ¦¨Åý§A¥i¥H±q§O³B¦p NFS ¨Ó±¾¤W°ß¿Wªº­ì©lµ{¦¡¡A¦]¦¹ÁÙ¬O¥i¥H»s
+ §@·sªº binaries¡C¡]¦]¬° kernel-source ªº­­¨î¡A§Ú­Ì«ØÄ³§A¤£­n
+ ª½±µ§â¥¦±¾¦b <tt>/usr/src</tt> ¤U¡A³Ì¦n¥Î¾A¦Xªº²Å¸¹©Ê­«½Æ³s
+ µ²¨ì source tree ªº¤W¼h¬[ºc¡C¡^
+
+ <p>½u¤W¾Ö¦³ sources ¨Ãª¾¹D¦p¦ó«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¨t²Î¡A±N·|Åý§A¦b¤É¯Å¤µ«á
+ FreeBSD ªº releases ª©¥»§ó®e©ö¤@ÂI¡C
+
+ <p>­n¹ê»Úªº¿ï¾Ü sources ªº¤@­Ó¤l¶°¦X¡A¦b§A¦b¨t²Î¦w¸Ë¤u¨ãªº
+ Distributions ¿ï³æ®É¡A¨Ï¥Î Custom ¿ï³æ¶µ¥Ø¡C<tt>src/install.sh</tt>
+ script ±N·|§â sources distribution ªº³¡¥÷¦w¸Ë¶i¥h¡A¥D­n¬O¬Ý
+ §A¶Ç¤J­þ¨Ç°Ñ¼Æ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú»Ý­n«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó®Ö¤ß¶Ü¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó·sªº®Ö¤ß¦b FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤¬Oµ´¹ï¥²»Ýªº¤@­Ó¨BÆJ¡C
+ ¦ý·sª© releases ±a¨Ó¤@­Ó§ó¤Íµ½ªº®Ö¤ß³]©w¤u¨ã«ü¥Oªº¦n³B¡C¦b
+ FreeBSD ±Ò°Ê´£¥Ü¸¹(boot:)®É¡A¨Ï¥Î "-c" ºX¸¹§A´N·|¶i¤J¤@­Ó³]
+ ©w¿Ã¹õ¡A³o¤¹³\§A°µ±`¨£ ISA ¥dªº³]©w
+
+ <p>¤´µM«ØÄ³§A³Ì«á«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó®Ö¤ß¡A¥u¥]§t§A»Ý­nªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A³o¬O¬°¤F
+ ¸`¬Ù RAM¡A¦ý¬O¹ï¤j¦h¼Æªº¨t²Î¨Ó»¡³o«o¤£¬OÄY®æªº­n¨D¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¤£¬O¦í¦b¬ü°ê¡A¨º§Ú¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î DES ¶Ü¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG¹ï§A¨Ó»¡¨Ï¥Î DES ®æ¦¡ªº¥[±K§Þ³N¤£¬Oµ´¹ï»Ý­nªº¡A§A¥i¥H¨Ï
+ ¥Î FreeBSD ªº¤º©w¥[±K§Þ³N¡A¦³<bf/§ó¦n/ ªº¦w¥þ©Ê¡A¨Ã¥B¨S¦³ÃB¥~
+ ªº­­¨î¡CFreeBSD 2.0 ªº±K½X²{¦b¨Ï¥Î¤º©wªº <bf/MD5/-based ¥[¥H
+ ²V¦X¡A­n¥Î¦Û°Ê¯}¸Ñ±K½Xªºµ{¦¡¥h¯}¸Ñ¥¦¡A¤ñ°_ DES »Ý­n§ó¦hªº CPU
+ ±j¤Æ©Ê¡A¥¦ÁÙ¤¹³\§óªøªº±K½X¡C¤µ¤é¤£¨Ï¥Î <bf/MD5/-based ¥[±K§Þ
+ ³Nªº°ß¤@²z¥Ñ¬O¦b FreeBSD ©M«D FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤W¨Ï¥Î¬Û¦Pªº±K½X¶µ
+ ¥Ø¡C
+
+ <p>¦]¬° DES ¥[±Kºtºâªk¤£¯à¥Ñ US ¦Xªk¿é¥X¨ì°ê¥~¡A«D US ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤£
+ À³¸Ó±q US FTP ¯¸¥x¤U¸ü³o­Ó³nÅé(<tt/secrdist/ªº¥ô¤@³¡¥÷)¡C
+
+ <p>µM¦Ó¥t¥~ÁÙ¦³­Ó¦³®Äªº libcrypt¡A­ì©lµ{¦¡°ò¥»¤W¥Ñ¿D¬wªº
+ David Burren ¼g¦¨¡C³o­Óµ{¦¡½X¥Ø«e¦b¬Y¨Ç«D US FreeBSD mirror
+ ¯¸¥x¤W¥i¥H§ä¨ì¡C³o­Ó¨S¦³­­¨îªº libcrypt ­ì©lµ{¦¡¡A¥H¤Î¨Ï¥Î¥¦
+ ªº binaries µ{¦¡¡A¥i¥H¦b¥H¤U FTP ¯¸¥xÀò±o¡G
+
+ <descrip>
+ <tag/South Africa/
+ <tt>ftp://ftp.internat.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD</tt><newline>
+ <tt>ftp://storm.sea.uct.ac.za/pub/FreeBSD</tt>
+
+ <tag/Brazil/
+ <tt>ftp://ftp.iqm.unicamp.br/pub/FreeBSD</tt>
+
+ <tag/Finland/
+ <tt>ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/unix/FreeBSD/eurocrypt</tt>
+ </descrip>
+
+ <p>«D US ªº <tt/securedist/ ¥i¥H·í­­¨î©Ê US <tt/securedist/
+ ªº§¹¥þ´À¥N¡C³o­Ó <tt/securedist/ package ¦w¸Ë¤èªk¸ò US
+ package §¹¥þ¤@¼Ë(²Ó ½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¦w¸Ë¶·ª¾)¡C¦pªG§A­n¸Ë DES ¥[±Kªk
+ ¡A¦b§A¸Ë¨ä¥L³nÅé«e¡A§AÀ³¸ÓºÉ§Ö§ï¹L¨Ó¡C¦b§A¸Ë¨ä¥L³nÅ餧«e¡C
+
+ <p>«D US ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ½Ð¤Å±q USA ¤U¸ü¥ô¦ó¥[±K³nÅé¡C³o·|¾É­P¯¸¥xªººÞ²z
+ ªÌ¦]¬°³Q¤U¸üªº³nÅé·S¤W¼Æ­Óªk«ß©Êªº§xÃø¡C
+
+ <p>¤@­Ó«D US ªº Kerberos distribution ¥ç¥¿¦bµo®i¤¤¡A²{¦æª©¥»³q
+ ¥i¥Ñ°Î¦W FTP <tt>braae.ru.ac.za</tt> ¨ÓÀò±o¡C
+
+ <p>¤]¦³¤@­Ó <ref id="mailing" name="mailing list"> ±Mªù¥Î¨Ó°Q½×
+ «D US ¥[±K³nÅé¡C±ýÀò±o§ó¦h¸ê°T¡A±H¤@«Ê¤º§t³æ¿W¤@¦æ°T®§»¡
+ ``<tt/help/'' ªº email µ¹¡G
+
+ <tt>&lt;majordomo@braae.ru.ac.za&gt;</tt>.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¶}©lŪ¤F¥i¬O«o°±¦b``Probing Devices...''¿Ã¹õ¡C
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¦w¸Ë¤F IDE Zip ©Î Jaz ¸Ë¸m¡A²¾°£¥¦¨Ã­«·s¸Õ¤@¹M¡C
+ ±Ò°Ê³nºÐ¤ù¥i¯à·|³Q³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m²V²c¤F¡C·í¨t²Î¦w¸Ë¦n¥H«á§A¥i¥H¦A
+ §â¥¦±µ¦^¨Ó¡C§Æ±æ³o¦b¤§«áªº release ª©¥»¥i¥H³Q­×¥¿¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·í§Ú¦w¸Ë¦n­«·s±Ò°Ê¨t²Î«á¡A§Ú¬Ý¨ì``panic: cant mount root''
+ ªº¿ù»~°T®§¡C
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó¿ù»~¸Õ¦]¬°±Ò°Ê°Ï¶ô¸ò®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¹ïºÏºÐ¸Ë¸mªº»{ª¾¤£¬Û¦P¡C³q ³o­Ó
+ ¿ù»~·|¥X²{¦bÂùºÏºÐªº IDE ¨t²Î¡AµwºÐ±Æ¦C¦b master¡A©Î¬O¦b¤ÀÂ÷ªº
+ IDE ¨t²Î¤W¦³³æ¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷¡C·í®Ö¤ß«ü©w²Ä¤G­ÓºÏºÐ±±¨î¾¹ªº²Ä¤@­ÓºÏºÐ
+ ¾÷ wd2 ®É¡A±Ò°Ê block «o»{¬°¨t²Î¸Ë¦b wd1(²Ä¤G­Ó BIOS ºÏºÐ¾÷)¡C
+ ¦b°»´ú¸Ë¸m®É¡A®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¸ÕµÛ§â±Ò°Ê block »{¬°ªº±Ò°ÊºÏºÐ(wd1) mount
+ °_¨Ó¡A¨Æ¹ê¤W«o¬O wd2¡A©Ò¥H¥¢±Ñ¤F¡C
+
+ <p>­n­×¥¿³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A°µ¥H¤U´XºØ¤èªk¤§¤@¡G
+
+ <enum>
+ <item>·í Boot: ´£¥Ü¸¹¥X²{®É¡A¿é¤J¡G <tt>1:wd(2,a)kernel</tt>
+ µM«á«ö Enter¡C¦pªG¨t²Î¶}©l¤F¡A´N°õ¦æ¥H¤U©R¥O¡G
+<verb>
+echo "1:wd(2,a)kernel" > /boot.config
+</verb>
+ Åý¥¦Åܦ¨¤º©wªº boot string¡C
+ <item>§â FreeBSD ºÏºÐ¾÷²¾¨ì primary IDE controller¡A¦]¦¹µwºÐ¾÷¬O
+ ³sÄòªº¡C
+ <item><url url="../handbook/kernelconfig.html" name="Rebuild your kernel,">
+ ­×§ï¦³Ãö wd ³]©wªº¦æ¼Æ¡G
+
+<verb>
+controller wdc0 at isa? port "IO_WD1" bio irq 14 vector wdintr
+disk wd0 at wdc0 drive 0
+# disk wd1 at wdc0 drive 1 # comment out this line
+
+controller wdc1 at isa? port "IO_WD2" bio irq 15 vector wdintr
+disk wd1 at wdc1 drive 0 # change from wd2 to wd1
+disk wd2 at wdc1 drive 1 # change from wd3 to wd2
+</verb>
+
+ ¦w¸Ë·sªº®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¡C
+ ¦pªG§A²¾°Ê§AªººÏºÐ¾÷¡A¨Ã§Æ±æ§â¥ý«eªº³]©w«ì´_¡A¥u­n§âºÏºÐ¥Î¹w´Á
+ ªº³]©w¸m´«¦^¨ÓµM«á­«·s¶}¾÷¡C§Aªº¨t²ÎÀ³¸Ó´N¯à¦¨¥\ªº±Ò°Ê¡C
+ </enum>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>°O¾ÐÅ骺­­¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¹ï°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó»¡¡A(²z½×¤W)­­¨î¬O 4 gigabytes¡C1 gigabytes ¤w³Q´ú¸Õ
+ ¹L¡F¤@¯ë§A¤£¥i¯à¶R¨ì¥i¥H¤ä´©¶W¹L³o­Ó¼Æ¥Øªº i386 PC¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>ffs Àɮרt²Îªº­­¨î¬O¤°»ò¡S</heading>
+
+ <p>¹ï ffs filesystems ¦Ó¨¥¡A³Ì¤j²z½×­È­­¨î¦b 8 terabytes(2G blocks
+ )¡A©Î·í¨Ï¥Î¤º©w block¤j¤p®É¡A­­¨î¬O 16TB¡CÁÙ¦³¡A³nÅé­­¨î¬O 1
+ terabytes¡A¦ý¦pªG¬O¸g¹L­×§ïªºÀɮרt²Î¤W 4 terabytes ¬O¥i¯à(¨Ã¥B
+ ¦s¦b)ªº¡C
+
+ <p>³æ¤@ ffs Àɮתº¤j¤p³Ì¤j¬OÁͪñ 1G blocks(4TB) - °²¦p block ¤j¤p¬O
+ 4K¡C
+
+The maximum size of a single ffs file is approximately 1G blocks
+ (4TB) if the block size is 4K.
+
+ <verb>
+ maxfilesize
+ ----------------------------------
+ 2.2.7 3.0
+fs block size -stable -current works should-work
+------------- ------- -------- ----- -----------
+4K 4T-1 4T-1 4T-1 4+T
+8K 32+G 8T-1 32+G 16T-1
+16K 128+G 16T-1 128+G 32T-1
+32K 512+G 32T-1 512+G 64T-1
+64K 2048+G 64T-1 2048+G 128T-1
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>·í fs block ¤j¤p¬O 4K¡Atriple indirect block ¹B§@¨Ã¥B©Ò¦³ªº¨Æ±¡
+ ³£À³¸Ó¥Hªí¥Ü¦¨¨Ï¥Î triple indirect block ªº³Ì¤j fs block ¨Ó§@­­
+ ¨î(ªñ¦ü©ó 1K^3 + 1K^2 + 1K)¡A¦ý¦b fs block ¼Æ¥Ø¤W«o¦³¤@­Ó(¿ù»~)
+ ªº 1G-1 ­­¨î¡C¹ï fs block ¼Æ¥Øªº­­¨îÀ³¸Ó¬O 2G-1¡C¦b fs block
+ ¼Æ¥Ø±µªñ 2G-1 ®É¦³ÂI¿ù»~¡A¦ý·í fs block ¤j¤p¬O 4K ®É³o­Ó block
+ ¼Æ¥Ø¬O¤£¯à¹F¨ìªº¡C
+
+ <p>block ¤j¤p¦pªG¬O 8K ©Î§ó¤j¡Afs block ¼Æ¥ØÀ³¸Ó­­¨î¦b 2G-1¡A¦ý¹ê
+ »Ú fs block ¼Æ¥Ø«o­­¨î¦b 1G-1¡A°£¤F¦b -stable ®É triple indirect
+ blocks ¬OµLªk¹F¨ìªº¡A©Ò¥H³Ì¦h fs block ¼Æ¥Øªº­­¨î¥i¥Hªí¥Ü¦¨¥Î
+ double indirect blocks(ªñ¦ü©ó(blocksize/4)^2 + (blocksize/4))
+ ¡A¥B¦b -current ¤U¶W¹L³o­Ó­­¨î¥i¯à·|¾É­P°ÝÃD²£¥Í¡C¨Ï¥Î¥¿½Tªº
+ 2G-1 block ­­¨îªº½T·|¾É­P°ÝÃDµo¥Í¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò¦b³nºÐ¤W©ñ¤J 1TB ÀɮסH</heading>
+
+ <p>§Ú¦Û¤v´N¦b³nºÐ¤ù¤W©ñ¦n´X­Ó :-)¡CÀɮתº³Ì¤j®e¶q¨Æ¹ê¤W¸òºÏºÐ³Ì¤j
+ ªº®e¶q¨Ã¨S¦³±K¤Á¬ÛÃö¡CºÏºÐªº³Ì¤j®e¶q¬O 1TB¡A³o¬O¤@­ÓÀɮפj¤p¥i
+ ¥H¶W¹LºÏºÐ®e¶qªº¤@­Ó¯S¦â¡C
+
+ <p>¥H¤U½d¨Ò·|¦b¤p¤pªº root ¤À³Î°Ï«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¨Ï¥Î¾ã­ÓºÏºÐªº 32K ªÅ¶¡
+ ¡A¤j¤p¬O 8T-1 ªºÀÉ®×(3 indirect blocks and 1 data block)¡Cdd
+ «ü¥O»Ý­nÅý dd ¯à¦b¤@­Ó¤jÀɮפU°õ¦æ¡C
+
+<verb>
+ttyv0:bde@alphplex:/tmp/q> cat foo
+df .
+dd if=/dev/zero of=z bs=1 seek=`echo 2^43 - 2 | bc` count=1
+ls -l z
+du z
+df .
+ttyv0:bde@alphplex:/tmp/q> sh foo
+Filesystem 1024-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
+/dev/sd0a 64479 27702 31619 47% /
+1+0 records in
+1+0 records out
+1 bytes transferred in 0.000187 secs (5346 bytes/sec)
+-rw-r--r-- 1 bde bin 8796093022207 Sep 7 16:04 z
+32 z
+Filesystem 1024-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
+/dev/sd0a 64479 27734 31587 47% /
+ttyv0:bde@alphplex:/tmp/q> exit
+</verb>
+
+<p>Bruce Evans, September 1998
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/kernelconfig.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/kernelconfig.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b11845984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/kernelconfig.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<!-- $Id: kernelconfig.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by foxfair@FreeBSD.ORG -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.2 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>®Ö¤ß³]©w<label id="kernelconfig"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú·Q¦Û­q®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¡A³o·|«Ü§xÃø¶Ü¡H
+ <label id="make-kernel">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¤£·|¡I½Ð¬d¾\ <url url="../handbook/kernelconfig.html"
+ name="kernel config section of the Handbook">.
+
+ <p><bf/ª`·N¡G/§Ú·|«ØÄ³§A¦b§AÅý®Ö¤ß¯à¥¿±`¤u§@«á¡A°µ¤@­Ó
+ <tt/kernel.YYMMDD/¤é´Á§Î¦¡ªº³Æ¥÷¡A³o¼Ë¤U¦¸¦pªG§A«Ü¤£©¯ªºª±Ãa
+ ¤F³]©w¡A¦Ü¤Ö¥i¥H¤£»Ý­n¨Ï¥Î³Ì­ì©lªº<tt/kernel.GENERIC/¡C°²¦p§A
+ ¥¿±q¤@­Ó¨S¦³¦b GENERIC kernel ¸Ì­±¤ä´©ªº±±¨î¾¹¸Ì±Ò°Ê¡A³oÅã±o¯S
+ §O­«­n(¨S¿ù¡A³o¬Oµ§ªÌªº¸gÅç)¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Úªº®Ö¤ß¦]¬°<tt/&lowbar;hw&lowbar;float/¿ò¥¢¦Ó½sĶ¥¢±Ñ¡C
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>Åý§Ú²q¬Ý¬Ý¡A§A§â<htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?npx(4)" name="npx0">±q§A
+ ªº®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɲ¾°£¤F¡A¦]¬°§A¨S¦³¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¾¹¡A¹ï¶Ü¡H¿ù¤F¡I:-) ³o­Ó
+ <tt/npx0/¬O<bf/¥²¶·­n¦³ªº/¡C´Nºâ§A¨S¦³¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¾¹¡A§A¤´<bf/¥²¶·/
+ ¤Þ¤J<tt/npx0/¸Ë¸m¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦h­«°ð§Ç¦C½Xªº¤¤Â_½Ä¬ð¡C</heading>
+
+ <p><bf/Q./ ·í§Ú½sͤ@­Ó¦h­«°ð§Ç¦C½Xªº®Ö¤ß®É¡A¥¦§i¶D§Ú¥u¦³²Ä¤@­Ó³Q°»
+ ´ú¨ì¡A¨ä¥Lªº«h¦]¤¤Â_½Ä¬ð¦Ó¸õ¹L¤F¡A§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò­×¥¿¥¦¡H
+
+ <p><bf/A./ ³o­Ó°ÝÃD¬O¦]¬° FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤º«Øµ{¦¡½XÁ×§K¦]¬°µwÅé©Î³nÅé½Ä
+ ¬ð¾É­P®Ö¤ßµ{¦¡¹L©óªÎ¤j©ÎµL¥Î¡C­n­×¥¿³oºØ±¡§Îªº¤èªk¬O°£¤F¤@­Ó°ð¥~§â
+ ¨ä¥L©Ò¦³ªº IRQ ³]©w³£°µ«O¯d¡C³o¸Ì¦³¤@­Ó½d¨Ò¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ #
+ # Multiport high-speed serial line - 16550 UARTS
+ #
+ device sio2 at isa? port 0x2a0 tty irq 5 flags 0x501 vector siointr
+ device sio3 at isa? port 0x2a8 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr
+ device sio4 at isa? port 0x2b0 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr
+ device sio5 at isa? port 0x2b8 tty flags 0x501 vector siointr
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò±Ò°Ê QIC-40/80 ªº¤ä´©¡H</heading>
+
+ <p>§A»Ý­n¦b¤@¯ë³]©wÀɤ¤§â¥H¤U³o¦æªºµù¸Ñ¨ú®ø(©Î¬O§â¥¦¥[¨ì§Aªº³]©wÀÉ
+ )¡A¦b<htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?fdc(4)"
+ name="fdc">³o¦æ¥[¤J``<tt/flags 0x1/''µM«á­«·s½s֤ͮߡC
+
+ <verb>
+controller fdc0 at isa? port "IO_FD1" bio irq 6 drq 2 flags 0x1 vector fdintr
+disk fd0 at fdc0 drive 0 ^^^^^^^^^
+disk fd1 at fdc0 drive 1
+#tape ft0 at fdc0 drive 2
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>±µµÛ¡A§A¥i¥H¦b<tt>/dev</tt>«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¥s<tt>/dev/ft0</tt>ªº¸Ë¸m
+ µM«á°õ¦æ¥H¤U©R¥O¡G
+
+ <verb>
+ sh ./MAKEDEV ft0
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¬Oµ¹²Ä¤@­Ó¸Ë¸m¨Ï¥Î¡C¦P²z<tt/ft1/¬O²Ä¤G­Ó¡A¥H¦¹Ãþ±À¡C
+
+ <p>§A±N·|¦³­Ó¥s<tt>/dev/ft0</tt>ªº¸Ë¸m¡A¥i¥H³z¹L¤@­Ó¯S®íªºµ{¦¡¥s
+ ``<tt/ft/''ªº¨ÓºÞ²z¥¦ - ½Ð¬Ý<htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ft" name="ft">
+ ªº man page ¦³§ó¶i¤@¨B»¡©ú¡C
+
+ <p>ª©¥»¤ñ<tt/-current/¦­ªº¨t²Î¦b³B²zÃaªººÏ±a´CÅé®É¦³¨Ç°ÝÃD¡A¦pªG§A
+ ªº<tt/ft/¦ü¥G¤@ª½Âê¦b¦P¤@­Ó°ð¡A¹Á¸Õ±q<tt/-current/¸Ìªº
+ <tt>/usr/src/sbin/ft</tt>§ä¥X³Ì·sª©ªº<tt/ft/¨Ã¥B¸Õ¬Ý¬Ý¡C
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/misc.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/misc.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f9ac79e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/misc.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+<!-- $Id: misc.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by zmx@mail.CDPA.nsysu.edu.tw -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.8 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>¨ä¥¦¦U¦¡¦U¼Ëªº°ÝÃD<label id="misc"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¬°¬Æ»ò FreeBSD ¥Îªº swap ªÅ¶¡¤ñ Linux ¦h?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¤£¬O³o¼Ëªº. ¦pªG§Aªº·N«ä¬O: ``¬°¬Æ»ò§Úªº swap ¬Ý°_¨Óº¡¤F?''
+ ¨º¬O¦]¬°§âªF¦è©ñ¦b swap ¸Ì«á®³¦^¨Óªº³t«×·|¤ñ pager ¸g¥ÑÀɮרt
+ ²Î®³¦^(¥¼­×§ï)ªº°õ¦æ½X§Ö.
+
+
+ <p>¨Æ¹ê¤W, °O¾ÐÅ餤 dirty pages ªº¶q¨Ã¥¼´î¤Ö; clean pages «h¦b»Ý
+ ­nªº®É«á²¾¨«.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¬°¬Æ»ò­n¥Î(¬Æ»ò¬O) a.out ©M ELF °õ¦æÀɮ榡?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>­n¤F¸Ñ¬°¬Æ»ò FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î <tt>a.out</tt> ®æ¦¡, ­º¥ý§A­nª¾¹D¤@¨Ç
+ ¥Ø«e Unix ¤¤¨Ï¥Î³Ì¼sªxªº¤TºØ®æ¦¡:
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item><htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?a.out(5)"
+ name="a.out">
+
+ <p>³Ì¦­©M`¥j¨å'ªº unix ¥ØªºÀɮ榡. ¨Ï¥Î¤@ºØµu¦Óºò±KªºÀÉÀY,
+ ¦ñÀH¤@­Ó³q±`¥Î¨Ó¿ë»{®æ¦¡ªºÅ]³N¼Æ¦r(°Ñ¦Ò
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?a.out(5)"
+ name="a.out(5)"> ¦³§ó¦h²Ó¸`). ¨ã¦³¤T­Ó¸`°Ï: .text, .data, ©M .bss
+ ¥[¤W¤@­Ó²Å¸¹ªí©M¦r¦êªí.
+
+ <item><bf>COFF</bf>
+ <p>SVR3 ¥ØªºÀɮ榡. ÀÉÀY¥]§t¤F¤@­Ó¸`°Ïªí, ©Ò¥H¥i¥H¨ã³Æ¤ñ
+ .text, .data, .bss ÁÙ¦hªº¸`°Ï.</item>
+
+ <item><bf>ELF</bf>
+ <p><tt/COFF/ ªº«áÄ~ªÌ, ¨ã¦³¦h­Ó¸`°Ï¥H¤Î 32-bit ©Î 64-bit ªº
+ possible values. ¥D­nªº¯ÊÂI:<tt/ELF/ ¬O¦b¨C­Ó¨t²Î¬[ºc¥u
+ ·|¦³¤@ºØ ABI ªº°²³]¤U³]­p¥X¨Óªº. ¨Æ¹ê¤W³o­Ó°²³]¿ùªºÂ÷ÃÐ,
+ §Y¨Ï¬O°Ó·~ªº SYSV ¥@¬É, ¤]¦Ü¤Ö¦³ SVR4, Solaris, SCO ¤TºØ ABI.
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ÂǥѤ@­Ó¤u¨ã, §âµ{¦¡»Ý­n¨ººØ ABI ªº¸ê°T <em>¯O¦L</em>
+ ¦b <tt/ELF/ °õ¦æÀɤW.
+ °Ñ¦Ò man page
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?brandelf"
+ name="brandelf"> ¨ú±o§ó¦h¸ê°T.
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¨Ó¦Û "¥j¨å" °}Àç, ¶Ç²Î¤W³£¨Ï¥Î
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?a.out(5)"
+ name="a.out"> ®æ¦¡, ³o¬O¦b¦n´X¥Nªº BSD ¤¤ÃÒ©ú¥i¾aªº­p³N.
+ ÁöµM¥i¥H¦b FreeBSD ¤W¥i¥H«Ø¥ß¥H¤Î°õ¦æ­ì¥Íªº <tt/ELF/ °õ¦æÀÉ(
+ ¥H¤Î®Ö¤ß), ­è¶}©l FreeBSD ¤Ï¹ïÂà´«¨ì¥H <tt/ELF/ °µ¬°¹w³]ªº
+ ®æ¦¡. ¬°¬Æ»ò? ¶â. ·í Linux ¶}©lµh­W¦aÂà´«¦Ü <tt/ELF/, ¨Ã«D¦]¬°
+ ­n°kÂ÷ <tt/a.out/ ®æ¦¡, ¦Ó¬O¦]¬°¥L­Ì¨S¦³¼u©Êªº, ¥H¸õÅDªí¬°°ò¦
+ ªº¦@¨Éµ{¦¡®w¾÷¨î. ¨º¬O¤@ºØ«D±`Ãø¥H¨Ï¥Î, µo®iªÌ¤£³ßÅwªºªF¦è. ¬J
+ µM¤w¸g¦s¦bªº <tt/ELF/ ¤u¨ã´£¨Ñ¤F¦@¨Éµ{¦¡®wªº¸Ñ¨M¤è®×, ¦Ó¥B¬Ý¨Ó
+ ¬O "«e½Ãªº¤èªk", ©Ò»Ýªº¥N»ù´N¥i±µ¨ü¦]¦ÓÂà´«.
+
+ <p>¦b FreeBSD ªºª¬ªp¤¤, §Ú­Ìªº¦@¨Éµ{¦¡®w¾÷¨î§ó±µªñ <tt>SunOS</tt> ªº
+ «¬¦¡, ¤]´N¬O, ©ö©ó¨Ï¥Î.
+ µM¦Ó, ±q 3.0 ¶}©l, FreeBSD ¥¿¦¡¤ä´© <tt/ELF/ ¬°¹w³]®æ¦¡. §Y¨Ï
+ <tt/a.out/ ®æ¦¡¤´µM«D±`¦n, §Ú­Ì½sͤu¨ãªº¼¶¼gªÌ, GNU ªº¦¨­û,
+ ¤w¤¤¤î¤F¹ï, <tt/a.out/ ®æ¦¡ªº¤ä´©. ³o­¢¨Ï§Ú­ÌºûÅ@¥t¤@¥÷ª©¥»ªº
+ compiler ©M linker, ¤]¨Ï±o§Ú­Ì¤£¯à±q³Ì·sªº GNU µo®i¦¨ªG¤¤Àò±o
+ ¦n³B. ¦¹¥~¹ï ISO-C++ ªº»Ý¨D, ¤×¨ä¬O«ØºcªÌ©M¸ÑºcªÌ, ¤]±a°Ê¥¼¨Ó
+ ª©¥»¤¤¹ï <tt/ELF/ ªº­ì¥Í¤ä´©.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦n§a, ¦ý¬°¬Æ»ò·|¦³³o»ò¦hºØ¤£¦Pªº®æ¦¡?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦b¶Â·tªº¹L¥h, ¥u¦³Â²³æªºµwÅé. ²³æªºµwÅé¤ä´©¤p«¬¡B²³æªº¨t²Î.
+ a.out ¦b²³æªº¨t²Î¤W³Ó¥ô´r§Ö (PDP-11). ·í unix ²¾´Ó¨ì¨ä¥L¥­¥x®É,
+ a.out «O¯d¤F¤U¨Ó, ¦]¬°¹ï¦­´Áªº Motorola 68K, VAX ¤§Ãþªº¬[ºc¤w¸g
+ °÷¥Î¤F.
+
+ <p>µM«á¦³¨ÇµwÅé¤uµ{®vı±oÅý³nÅé¦h°µÂI¨Æ, ¨º CPU ªº¹q´¹Åé´N¯à¤Ö
+ ¤@ÂI¦Ó¶]ªº§ó§Ö. ­n¦b³oºØ·s¦¡µwÅé¤W¤u§@(²{¦bºÙ¬°RISC), <tt/a.out ´N
+ ¤£¾A¦X¤F, ©Ò¥H»Ý¦hªº®æ¦¡´Nµo®i¥X¨Ó¥H´£¨Ñ¤ñ¨ü­­¡B²³æªº<tt/a.out §ó
+ ¦nªº®Ä¯à. ¹³¬O <tt/COFF/, <tt/ECOFF/, ¥H¤Î¤@¨Ç¤£¦³¦Wªº®æ¦¡, ¨C¤@ºØ
+ ³£¦³­­¨îª½¨ì <tt/ELF/.
+
+ <p>¦¹¥~, ·íµ{¦¡¶V¨Ó¶V¤j¨àºÏºÐ(¥H¤Î¥D°O¾ÐÅé)¬Û¹ï¨Ó»¡¸û¤p®É, ¦@¨É
+ µ{¦¡®wªº·§©À´Nµo®i¥X¨Ó¤F. µêÀÀ°O¾ÐÅé¨t²Î¤]Åܱo¶V¨Ó¶Vºë¥©. ·í¨C¤@
+ ºØ¶i¨B³£¦b <tt/a.out/ ¤W§¹¦¨®É, ¥¦ªº¥i¥Î©Ê¤]¶V¨Ó¶V§C. ¥t¥~, ¤H­Ì
+ ÁÙ¦³¦b°õ¦æ®É´Á¥i¥H°ÊºA¸ü¤J, ©Î¬O¥á±ó°õ¦æ¹Lªºªì©l¤Æµ{¦¡¥H¸`¬Ù°O¾Ð
+ Åé. µ{¦¡»y¨¥¤]Åܱo§óºë¥©¦Ó¥B¤H­Ì·Q­n¦b¦b main ¤§«e°õ¦æ§Oªºµ{¦¡½X
+ . ³\¦hÁcÂøªº§Þ¥©¥Î¦b <tt/a.out/ ¤W¥H¸Ñ¨M³o¨Ç°ÝÃD. <tt/a.out/ ­n
+ ¸Ñ¨M³o¨Ç°ÝÃD»Ý­n¶V¨Ó¶V¦hÃB¥~ªº­t¾á©M½ÆÂø«×. ·í <tt/ELF/ »´©öªº¸Ñ
+ ¨M³o¨Ç°ÝÃD, ±q°ò¥»¤W¥i¥H¤u§@ªº¨t²ÎÂà´««o«Üµh­W. ©Ò¥H<tt/ELF/ ­n
+ µ¥¨ìºûÅ@ <tt/a.out/ ¤ñÂà´«¨ì <tt/ELF/ ÁÙµh­W.
+
+ <p>µM¦Ó, ÀHµÛ®É¶¡¹L¥h, FreeBSD ªº build tools §Î¦¨¤F¥­¦æªº¨â¤ä
+ (¤×¨ä¬O²Õ;¹©M loader). FreeBSD ³o¤ä¥[¶i¤F¦@¨Éµ{¦¡®w¥H¤Î­×¥¿
+ ¤F¤@¨Ç¿ù»~. GNU ­ì¨Ó¼¶¼g³o¨Çµ{¦¡ªº¤H«h­«¼g¤F³o¨Çµ{¦¡, ¨Ã¥[¤J¤F
+ ¹ï©ó¸ó¥­¥x½sĶ, ¤£¦P®æ¦¡¼Ò²Õ¤§ÃþªºªF¦è§ó²³æªº¤ä´©. ³\¦h¤H·Q­n
+ °µ¥X¥H FreeBSD ¬°¥Øªº¥­¥xªº¸ó¥­¥x½s;¹, ¤£©¯ªº¬O FreeBSD ªº as
+ ©M ld ¤£¯à°µ³o¶µ¤u§@. ·sªº GNU ¤u¨ã(binutils) ¥[¤J¤F¸ó¥­¥x½sĶ¡B
+ <tt/ELF/¡B¦@¨Éµ{¦¡®w¡BC++ ÂX¥R, µ¥µ¥. ¦¹¥~, ³\¦h¼t°Ó¥H <tt/ELF/ ®æ
+ ¦¡µo¦æ²£«~, ¦Ó¯à°÷¦b FreeBSD ¤W¶]ªº¸Ü·íµM«Ü¦n. ¦Ó¥B¦pªG¯à¶] <tt/ELF/
+ ®æ¦¡ªº°õ¦æÀÉ, ¬°¬Æ»òÁÙ­n²z <tt/a.out/ ? ¨e¬O¤@¤Ç¤S²Ö¤S¦Ñªº°¨, ¹L
+ ¥h«D±`¦³¥Î, ¦ý¬O®É«áÅý¨e°h¥ð¤F.
+
+ <p><tt/ELF/ ¤ñ a.out §óÀ³¦³ªí¹F¤O(expressive?)¦Ó¥B¨ã¦³§ó¦hªº
+ ÂX¥R©Ê. <tt/ELF/ ¤u¨ãºûÅ@ªº¤ñ¸û¦n, ¦Ó¥B´£¨Ñ¸ó¥­¥x½sĶªº¤ä´©,
+ ³o¹ï³\¦h¤H¨Ó»¡¬O«Ü­«­nªº. <tt/ELF/ ¥i¯à¤ñ a.out ºC¤@ÂI, ¦ý®t²§
+ «D±`Ãø´ú¶q¥X¨Ó. ³o¨âªÌ¤§¶¡ÁÙ¦³³\¦h²Ó¸`¤Wªº¤£¦P, ¨Ò¦p¤À­¶ªº¹ïÀ³
+ ¤è¦¡, ªì©l¤Æµ{¦¡½Xªº§@ªkµ¥µ¥. ³o¨Ç¨Ã¤£¬O«Ü­«­n, ¦ý´N¬O¤£¦P. ¦b
+ ¥H«á GENERIC ®Ö¤ß¤£·|¤ä´D <tt/a.out/ , ·í¤£¦b¦³°õ¦æ¶Ç²Î <tt/a.out/
+ µ{¦¡ªº»Ý­n®É, ·|±q®Ö¤ß²¾°£.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬°¬Æ»ò chmod ¤£·|§ïÅܲŸ¹³sµ²(symlink)ªº¦s¨úÅv­­?</heading>
+
+ <p>§A¥²¶·§â ``<tt/-H/'' ©Î¬O ``<tt/-L/'' »P ``<tt/-R/'' ¿ï¶µ¤@°_¨Ï¥Î.
+ °Ñ¦Ò<htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?chmod"
+ name="chmod">
+ ¤Î<htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?symlink"
+ name="symlink"> man pages ¥H¨ú±o§ó¦h¸ê°T.
+
+ <p><bf/ĵ§i/ ``<tt/-R/'' ¿ï¶µ·|Åý <tt/chmod/ °µ<bf/»¼°j/. «ü©w¥Ø¿ý
+ ©Î¬O³sµ²¨ì¥Ø¿ýªº symlink ®É­n¤p¤ß. ¦pªG§A­n§ïÅܤ@­Ó²Å¸¹³sµ²°Ñ¦Ò¨ì
+ ªº¥Ø¿ýªº¦s¨úÅv­­, ¨Ï¥Î <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?chmod" name="chmod"> ¥B¤£­n
+ ¥[¥ô¦ó¿ï¶µ, ¨Ã¥B¦b symlink ªºµ²§À¥[¤W±×½u(``<tt>/</tt>''). Á|¨Ò¨Ó»¡
+ , ¦pªG ``<tt/foo/'' ³sµ²¨ì ``<tt/bar/'', ¦Ó§A­n§ó§ï ``<tt/foo/'' ªº
+ Åv­­ (¨Æ¹ê¤W¬O ``<tt/bar/''), ¨º´N¥Î:
+
+
+ <verb>
+ chmod 555 foo/
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¨Ì·Óµ²§Àªº±×½u, <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?chmod" name="chmod"> ·|
+ ¸g¹L³sµ² ``<tt/foo/'', ¦Ó§ïÅÜ ``<tt/bar/'' ¥Ø¿ýªºÅv­­.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¬°¬Æ»ò±b¸¹ <bf/¤´µM/ ­­¨î¬°¤K­Ó¦r¤¸?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>§A·|»{¬°­×§ï <bf/UT_NAMESIZE/ µM«á­««Ø¨t²Î¬O«Ü²³æªº¨Æ±¡, ¦Ó¥B
+ ¨C¥ó¨Æ³£¥i¥H¹B°µ¦a«Ü¦n. ¤£¨¯ªº¬O¦³³\¦hªºµ{¦¡©M¤u¨ã(¥]§t¨t²Î¤u¨ã)
+ §â¼Æ¦r¼g¦º¦bµ{¦¡¸Ì(¨Ã«DÁ`¬O 8 ©Î 9, ¦³®É¬O¥j©Çªº¦p 15 ©M 20).
+ ³o¤£¥u·|§â§Aªº°O¿ýÀɧËÃa(¨Ó¦Û©óÅܰʪø«×©M©T©wªø«×°O¿ýªº®t²§), ¤]
+ ·|¯}Ãa Sun ªº NIS «È¤áºÝªº¹B°µ, ©M¨ä¥¦ UNIX ¨t²Îªº¤¬¬Û¼vÅT¤]¥i¯à
+ ¦³¼ç¦bªº°ÝÃD.
+
+ <p>¦b FreeBSD 3.0 ¥H¤Î¤§«áªºª©¥», ±b¸¹ªº³Ì¤jªø«×¼W¥[¨ì16­Ó¦r¤¸,
+ ¦Ó¨º¨Ç¼g¦ºªø«×ªºµ{¦¡¤]§ä¥X¨Ó­×¥¿. ¼vÅT¨ì¨t²Î¦p¦¹¦h³¡¥÷¥¿¬Oª½¨ì
+ 3.0 ¤~°µ­×§ïªº­ì¦].</p>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¦³¦Û«H¦b¥X°ÝÃDªº®É«á¯à¦Û¦æ¸Ñ¨M, §A¥i¥H¥Î¤U­±ªº¤èªkÅý¸û¦­ªº
+ ª©¥»¤ä´©¸ûªøªº±b¸¹. ­×§ï /usr/include/utmp.h ¤¤ªº UT_NAMESIZE. §A¤]
+ ¥²¶·§â /usr/include/sys/param.h ¤¤ªº MAXLOGNAME §ï¦¨¸ò UT_NAMESIZE
+ ¬Û²Å. ³Ì«á, ¦pªG§A¬O±q­ì©lµ{¦¡«Ø¥ß¨t²Î, §O§Ñ¤F /usr/include ¨C¦¸³£
+ ·|§ó·s! ­×§ï /usr/src/.. ¤¤¾A·íªºÀÉ®×. </p>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¯à¦b FreeBSD ¤U¶] DOS µ{¦¡¶Ü?</heading>
+
+ <p>¬Oªº, ±q 3.0 ª©¶}©l¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¤w¸g¾ã¦X¨Ã¥[±jªº BSDI <tt/rundos/
+ DOS ¼ÒÀÀ¾¹. ¦pªG§A³Ì³o­ÓªF¦è¦³¿³½ì, °e«Ê«H¨ì
+ <url url="mailto:freebsd-emulation@freebsd.org"
+ name="The FreeBSD emulation discussion list">
+
+ <p>¹ï 3.0 ¤§«eªº¨t²Î, ¦b port ¤¤¦³¤@­Ó·¥¨Îªº¤u¨ãµ{¦¡
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^pcemu" name="pcemu">
+ ¥i¥H¼ÒÀÀ 8088 ©M¨¬°÷ªº BIOS ªA°È¥H°õ¦æ DOS ¤å¦r¼Ò¦¡µ{¦¡. ¥¦¶·­n X Window
+ System (¥Ñ XFree86 ´£¨Ñ).
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¬Æ»ò¬O ``<tt/sup/'', ¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p><htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^sup" name="SUP">
+ ·N«ä¬O Software Update Protocol, ¥Ñ CMU µo®i¥Hºû«ùµo®iªº¦P¨B.
+ §Ú­Ì§Q¥Î¥L¨Ó«O«ù»·ºÝªº¯¸¥x©M­ì©l¯¸¥x¦P¨B.
+
+ <p>SUP ¹ïÀW¼eªº¨Ï¥Î¤£¤Íµ½, ¦Ó¥B¤w©ñ±ó¤F. ¥Ø«e«ØÄ³ºû«ù­ì©l½X§ó·sªº¤èªk¬O
+ <url url="../handbook/cvsup.html" name="Handbook entry on CVSup">
+
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How cool is FreeBSD?</heading>
+
+ <p>°Ý: ¦³¤H°µ¹L FreeBSD °õ¦æ®Éªº·Å«×´ú¸Õ¶Ü? §Úª¾¹D Linux ¤ñ DOS ²D,
+ ¦ý¨SÅ¥¤H´£¹L FreeBSD. ¦ü¥G«Ü¼ö.
+
+ <p>A. No, but we have done numerous taste tests on blindfolded
+ volunteers who have also had 250 micrograms of LSD-25
+ administered beforehand. 35% of the volunteers said that FreeBSD
+ tasted sort of orange, whereas Linux tasted like purple haze.
+ Neither group mentioned any particular variances in temperature
+ that I can remember. We eventually had to throw the results of
+ this survey out entirely anyway when we found that too many
+ volunteers were wandering out of the room during the tests, thus
+ skewing the results. I think most of the volunteers are at Apple
+ now, working on their new ``scratch and sniff'' GUI. It's a
+ funny old business we're in!
+
+ <p>¤£¶}ª±¯º¤F, FreeBSD ©M Linux ³£¨Ï¥Î ``<tt/HLT/'' (hald) «ü¥O
+ ¥H¦b¨t²Î¶¢¸m®É­°§C¹q¤Oªº¨Ï¥Î¤]´î¤Ö¤F¼öªº²£¥Í. ¦pªG¦³³]©w APM
+ (automatic power management), FreeBSD ¤]¥i¥HÅý CPU ¶i¤J§C¹q¤O
+ ¼Ò¦¡.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>½Ö¦b§Úªº°O¾ÐÅé´¡¼Ñ¤¤¨F¨F§@ÅT??</heading>
+
+ <p>°Ý: FreeBSD ½s֤ͮ߮ɦ³°µ¬Æ»ò "©_¯S" ªº¨ÆÅý°OĶÅé¨F¨F§@ÅT¶Ü?
+ ·í½sĶ®É(ÁÙ¦³¶}¾÷®É½T»{³nºÐ«áªºµu¼È®É¶¡), ¤]ºØ¦ü¥G¨Ó¦Û°O¾ÐÅé´¡¼Ñ
+ ªº©_©ÇÁn­µ.
+
+ <p>µª; ¬Oªº! ¦b BSD ªº¤å¥ó¤¤§A·|±`±`¬Ý¨ì ``­I«áÆF'', ¤j³¡¥÷ªº¤H
+ ³£¤£ª¾¹D¨º¬O¤@ºØ¹ê»Ú¦s¦bªººë¯«Åé --- ´x±±µÛ§Aªº¹q¸£. §AÅ¥¨ìªºÁn­µ
+ ¬O³o¨Ç­I«áÆF¥H°ª­µ¤f­ï¦b·¾³q«ç¼Ë°µ³\¦hªº¨t²ÎºÞ²z¤u§@.
+
+ <p>¦pªG³o¨ÇÁn­µ«Ü§xÂZ§A, ¨Ó¦Û DOS ªº ``<tt>fdisk /mbr</tt>'' ´N
+ ¯àÂ\²æ, ¦ý¦pªG¦³¬Û¤Ïªº®ÄªG¤]¤£­nÅå³Y. ¨Æ¹ê¤W, ¦pªG¦b»ö¦¡¤¤Å¥¨ì
+ Bill Gates ®£©ÆªºÁn­µ±q¤º«Øªº³â¥z¶Ç¨Ó, °¨¤W°k¦Ó¥B¤£­n¦^ÀY!
+ ±q BSD ­I«áÆF¤£¥­¿Åªº¼vÅT¤¤¸Ñ©ñ, DOS ©M Windows ­I«áÆF³q±`³£¯à
+ ­«·s±±¨î¾ã¥x¾÷¾¹¨Ã¹ï§AªºÆF»î¶A©G. ¦pªG¦³¿ï¾Ü, §Ú·Q§Ú¹çÄ@²ßºD©_
+ ©ÇªºÁn­µ.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>MFC ¬O¬Æ»ò·N«ä?</heading>
+
+ <p>MFC ¬O 'Merged From -CURRENT' ªºÁY¼g. ¨Ï¥Î¦b CVS °O¿ý¤¤¥H
+ ªí¥Ü±q CURRENT ¤¤¾ã¦X¶i STABLE ¤À¤äªº§ïÅÜ.
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/network.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/network.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8cbbaa5ac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/network.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,1158 @@
+<!-- $Id: network.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by wing@cc.nsysu.edu.tw -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.18 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>Networking<label id="networking"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§ÚÀ³¸Ó¨ì­þÃä§ä¦³ÃöµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷ (diskless booting) ªº¸ê®Æ?</heading>
+
+ <p>µLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷´N¬OÅý FreeBSD ¥D¾÷±qºô¸ô¤W¶}¾÷,¨Ã¥B±qºô¸ô¤Wªº server ¤WŪ¨ú
+ ¨ä¥L¥²­nªºÀÉ®×,¦Ó«D¥Ñ¥D¾÷ªºµwºÐ¤W¨ú±o³o¨ÇÀɮסC ¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò
+ its hard disk. For full details, please read
+ <url url="../handbook/diskless.html"
+ name="FreeBSD ¤â¥UªºµLºÏºÐ¶}¾÷½g">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ FreeBSD ªº¥D¾÷¥i¥H·í§@¬Y­Óºô¸ô¤Wªº¸ô¥Ñ¾¹ (router) ¶Ü ?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¥Ñ©óºô»Úºô¸ôªº¼Ð·Ç¤Æ©Mµ{¦¡³]­pªº¥R¤À¸gÅ礧½ç,§Ú­Ì
+ ¯à°÷¦b FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤º«Ø«Ê¥]Âà¶Ç (packet fowarding) ªº¥\¯à¡C§A¥i¥H
+ ±N³o­Ó¥\¯à¥´¶},¥u­n±N³o­ÓÅܼƳ]©w¬°
+ <tt/YES/ ¦b <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf"
+ name="rc.conf">³o­ÓÀɮפ¤
+
+ <verb>
+ gateway_enable=YES # Set to YES if this host will be a gateway
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó¿ï¶µ·|±N <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sysctl" name="sysctl"> ÅܼƳ]©w
+ <tt/net.inet.ip.forwarding/ ¬° <tt/1/.
+
+ <p>¦b¤j³¡¤Àªºª¬ªp¤U, §AÁÙ¥²¶·¦A¶]¤@­Ó³B²z routing ªºµ{¦¡,§i¶Dºô¸ô¤Wªº¨ä¥L
+ ¥D¾÷Ãö©ó§Aªº router ³]©wªº¸ê®Æ; FreeBSD
+ ¥X¼t®É«K¤ºªþ¤@­Ó¼Ð·Çªº BSD routing µ{¦¡
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?routed"
+ name="routed">, ¦pªG§Aªººô¸ô³]©w§ó¬°½ÆÂø,§A¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý
+ <em/GaTeD/ (¥i¥H¥H FTP ¤è¦¡¥Ñ <tt/ftp.gated.Merit.EDU/ ¤U¸ü)
+ ³o­Óµ{¦¡¦Û 3_5Alpha7 «á¤ä´© FreeBSD .
+
+ <p>§Ú­Ì¦³¥²­n§i¶D§A,´Nºâ¬O FreeBSD ¥H³oºØ¤è¦¡³]©w§¹¦¨
+ , ¥¦ÁÙ¬OµLªk§¹¥þº¡¨¬ Internet ¹ï router ªº¼Ð·Ç©w¸q
+ ;¤£¹L, ´N¤é±`¨Ï¥Î¦Ó¨¥¥¦¤w¸g¨¬°÷À³¥I¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº»Ý¨D¤F¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H³z¹L FreeBSD ±N§Úªº Win95 ¾÷¾¹³s¤W Internet ¶Ü?</heading>
+
+ <p>°ò¥»¤W, ·|°Ý³oºØ°ÝÃDªº¤H¦b®a¸Ì¦Ü¤Ö¦³¨â¥x¹q¸£, ¤@¥x¶] FreeBSD
+ ¥t¥~¤@¥x¶] Win95; ³o­Ó¥D·N¬O±N FreeBSD ¥D¾÷³s¤W Internet
+ ,µM«á³z¹L³o¥x FreeBSD ¥D¾÷,Åý¶] Win95 ªº¹q¸£¯à°÷¤Wºô¡C
+ ³o­Ó°ÝÃDºâ¬O«e¤@­Ó°ÝÃDªº¤@­Ó¯S¨Ò¡C
+
+ <p>³oÃ䦳­«­nªº¤å¥ó,±Ð§A«ç»ò§â FreeBSD ªº¥D¾÷³]©w¦¨
+ <url url="http://www.ssimicro.com/~jeremyc/ppp.html"
+ name="PPP Dialup Router">
+
+ <p><bf/ª`·N:/ ¦b³oºØª¬ªp¤U§A¦Ü¤Ö­n¦³¨â­Ó¥H¤Wªº©T©w IP addresses
+ , ¦³®É¬O¤T­Ó¥H¤W©Î§ó¦h²Õ IP ¦P®É¨Ï¥Î, µø§Aªº»Ý¨D¦Ó©w¡C
+ ¦pªG§A¨S¦³©T©wªº IP ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î,§A¥i¥H¦Ò¼{¨Ï¥Î private IP
+ ¤lºô¸ô,¨Ã¦w¸Ë <bf/proxies/ ¨Ò¦p
+ <url url="http://squid.nlanr.net/Squid/" name="SQUID"> ©Î¬O
+ <url url="http://www.tis.com/" name="the TIS firewall toolkit">
+ ¦b§Aªº FreeBSD ¥D¾÷¤W¡C
+
+ <p>¥t¥~¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò <ref id="natd">.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¬°¤°»ò§Ú¦b compile ISC ³Ì·sª©ªº BIND µ{¦¡®É¦Ñ¬O¥¢±Ñ?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦b ``<tt/cdefs.h/'' Àɮפ¤ªº©w¸q»P FreeBSD ¨t²Î¤¤¤ºªþ
+ ªºÀɮשw¸q¦³©Ò½Ä¬ð¡Cª½±µ§â
+ <tt>compat/include/sys/cdefs.h</tt> ¬å±¼´N¥i¥H¤F¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤ä´© SLIP ©M PPP ¶Ü?</heading>
+
+ <p>¬Oªº¡C §A¥i¥H¬d¬d man pages ¤¤Ãö©ó
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?slattach"
+ name="slattach">, <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sliplogin" name="sliplogin">,
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?pppd" name="pppd"> ¥H¤Î
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp" name="ppp"> ªº»¡©ú.
+ <tt/pppd/ ©M <tt/ppp/ ³£´£¨Ñ¼·¶i¤Î¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sliplogin"
+ name="Sliplogin"> ±Mªù³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¤Jªº¥\¯à,¦Ó
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?slattach"
+ name="slattach"> ³B²z¦³Ãö¼·¥Xªº¥\¯à¡C
+
+ <p>³o¨Çµ{¦¡¦³¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú,§A¥i¥H¦b
+ <url url="../handbook/handbook.html" name="handbook">¤¤§ä¨ì:
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="../handbook/slips.html"
+ name="SLIP (server ºÝ) ªº»¡©ú">
+
+ <item><url url="../handbook/slipc.html"
+ name="SLIP (client ºÝ) ªº»¡©ú">
+
+ <item><url url="../handbook/ppp.html"
+ name="PPP (kernel ¼Ò¦¡) ªº»¡©ú">
+
+ <item><url url="../handbook/userppp.html"
+ name="PPP (¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡) ªº»¡©ú">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¥u¯àÂÇ¥Ñ"shell account"ªº¤è¦¡¤Wºôªº¸Ü,
+ §A¥i¯à·|·Q¬Ý¬Ý <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^slirp" name="slirp">
+ ³o­Ó³nÅé¡C ¥¦¥i¥HÅý§Aªº¹q¸£ª½±µ³s¤W (¬Y¨Ç) ªA°È,
+ ¨Ò¦p ftp ©M http µ¥µ¥¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ FreeBSD ¤ä´© NAT ©Î Masquerading ¶Ü?<label id="natd">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¦³¤@­ÓªñºÝªº¤lºô¸ô(¦³¤@¥x¥H¤Wªº¾÷¾¹), ¦ý¬O§Aªº Internet provider
+ «o¥u¤À°t¤@­Ó IP number µ¹§A
+ (©ÎªÌ§A¥u¤À°t¨ì¤@­Ó°ÊºAªº IP number), §A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?natd" name="natd">
+ ³o­Óµ{¦¡¡C <tt/Natd/ Åý§A¥i¥H³z¹L³o¤@­Ó IP number Åý¾ã­Ó¤lºô¸ôªº¹q¸£³£¯à
+ ³s¤W internet ¡C
+
+ <p><htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp"
+ name="ppp"> ³o­Óµ{¦¡¤]´£¨ÑÃþ¦üªº¥\¯à , ¦pªG§A¤U
+ <tt/-alias/ ³o­Ó¿ï¶µªº¸Ü¡C <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?libalias" name="alias library">
+ ¦b³o¨â­Ó³B²z¤è¦¡¤¤³£·|³Q¨Ï¥Î¨ì¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î ppp ,§Ú°µ¿ù¤F¤°»ò¶Ü ?<label id="userppp">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>§AÀ³¸Ó¥ý¬Ý¬Ý <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp" name="ppp man page"> ©M
+ <url url="../handbook/userppp.html"
+ name="ppp ¨Ï¥Î»¡©ú">. ¨Ï¥Î¥H¤U«ü¥O¨Ó¥´¶}°O¿ý (logging) ªº¥\¯à
+
+ <verb>
+ set log Phase Chat Connect Carrier lcp ipcp ccp command
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó©R¥O¥i¥H¦b <bf/ppp/ command prompt ©ÎªÌ¬O¦b
+ <tt>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</tt> ²ÕºAÀɮפ¤¥[¤J¡C
+ (¥[¦b <bf>default</bf> section ªº¶}ÀY³Ì¦n).
+ ½T©w¦b <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?syslog.conf"
+ name="/etc/syslog.conf"> ¸Ì­±¦³³o»ò¤@¦æ:
+
+ <verb>
+ !ppp
+ *.* /var/log/ppp.log
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦Ó¥B<tt>/var/log/ppp.log</tt> ³o­ÓÀɮצs¦b¡C ¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó
+ §A¥i¥H±q log Àɮפ¤ª¾¹D¨ì©³µo¥Í¤F¤°»ò¨Æ±¡¡C
+ ¥ý¤£¥Î¾á¤ßÀɮתº¤º®e§A¬Ý¤£À´, ¦pªG§A­n¦V¤H¨D±Ïªº¸Ü
+ , ±Ï§Aªº¤H·|¬Ý±oÀ´ªº¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¨t²Î¤Wªº¨º¥÷ ppp ¤£´£¨Ñ "set log"
+ ªº«ü¥Oªº¸Ü, §AÀ³¸Ó¥h¤U¸ü
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/~brian" name="³Ì·sª©¥»">.
+ ³o­Óª©¥»¦b FreeBSD 2.1.5 ¥H¤Wªºª©¥»³£¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¡C
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>§Ú¤@°õ¦æ ppp ,¥¦´N±¾¦b¨ºÃ䤣°Ê¤F</heading>
+
+ <p>·|µo¥Í³oºØ±¡§Î³q±`¬O§Aªº hostname ¨S¦³¿ìªk¸Ñ¥X¨Ó¡C ¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD
+ ³Ì¦nªº¿ìªk¬O½T©w <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> ·|³Q§Aªº resolver ²Ä¤@­Ó°Ñ¦Ò¨ì¡C
+ §A¥i¥H­×§ï<tt>/etc/host.conf</tt>
+ ¨Ã¥B§â<tt>hosts</tt> ©ñ¨ì³Ì«e­±. ±µµÛ, ¥u­n§â§Aªº¾÷¾¹¦WºÙ©ñ¨ì
+ <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> ¸Ì­±´N¥i¥H¤F¡C ¦pªG§A¨S¦³
+ local network ªº¸Ü, ­×§ï <tt>localhost</tt> ³o¤@¦æ:
+
+ <verb>
+127.0.0.1 foo.bar.com foo localhost
+ </verb>
+
+ §_«h, ´N§â§A¥D¾÷ªº¸ê°T¥[¤JÀɮפ¤¡C §A¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò
+ ¬ÛÃöªº man pages ¥HÀò±o¶i¤@¨Bªº¸ê°T¡C
+ <p>¦pªG§A¶¶§Qªº§¹¦¨³o¨Ç°Ê§@, §AÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H¦¨¥\ªº°õ¦æ <tt>ping -c1 `hostname`</tt>
+ .
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Ppp ¦b -auto ¼Ò¦¡¤U¤£¯à¼·¸¹</heading>
+
+ <p>­º¥ý½T©w§Aªº¤º©w¸ô¥Ñ (default route) ¬O§_¦³³]©w¡C ¤U <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?netstat">
+ name="netstat -rn"> ³o­Ó«ü¥O, §AÀ³¸Ó¯à°÷¬Ý¨ì¦p¥H¤U½d¨Òªº¨â­Ó entries :
+
+ <verb>
+Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire
+default 10.0.0.2 UGSc 0 0 tun0
+10.0.0.2 10.0.0.1 UH 0 0 tun0
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This is assuming that you've used the addresses from the
+ handbook, the man page or from the ppp.conf.sample file.
+ If you haven't got a default route, it may be because you're
+ running an old version of <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp"
+ name="ppp"> that doesn't understand the
+ word <tt/HISADDR/ in the ppp.conf file. If your version of
+ <bf/ppp/ is from before FreeBSD 2.2.5, change the
+
+ <verb>
+ add 0 0 HISADDR
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>line to one saying
+
+ <verb>
+ add 0 0 10.0.0.2
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>Another reason for the default route line being missing is that
+ you have mistakenly set up a default router in your
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf"
+ name="/etc/rc.conf"> file (this file was called
+ <tt>/etc/sysconfig</tt> prior to release 2.2.2), and you have
+ omitted the line saying
+
+ <verb>
+ delete ALL
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>from <tt>ppp.conf</tt>. If this is the case, go back to the
+ <url url="../handbook/userppp:final.html"
+ name="Final system configuration"> section of the handbook.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>What does "No route to host" mean</heading>
+
+ <p>This error is usually due to a missing
+
+ <verb>
+ MYADDR:
+ delete ALL
+ add 0 0 HISADDR
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>section in your <tt>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</tt> file. This is
+ only necessary if you have a dynamic IP address or don't know the
+ address of your gateway. If you're using interactive mode, you can
+ type the following after entering <tt/packet mode/ (packet mode is
+ indicated by the capitalized <bf/PPP/ in the prompt):
+
+ <verb>
+ delete ALL
+ add 0 0 HISADDR
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>Refer to the <url url="../handbook/userppp:dynamicIP.html"
+ name="PPP and Dynamic IP addresses"> section of the handbook
+ for further details.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>My connection drops after about 3 minutes</heading>
+
+ <p>The default ppp timeout is 3 minutes. This can be adjusted
+ with the line
+
+ <verb>
+ set timeout NNN
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>where <bf/NNN/ is the number of seconds of inactivity before the
+ connection is closed. If <bf/NNN/ is zero, the connection is
+ never closed due to a timeout. It is possible to put this command in
+ the <tt>ppp.conf</tt> file, or to type it at the prompt in
+ interactive mode. It is also possible to adjust it on the fly while
+ the line is active by connecting to <bf/ppp/s server socket using
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?telnet" name="telnet">
+ or <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?pppctl"
+ name="pppctl">. Refer to the
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp" name="ppp"> man
+ page for further details.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>My connection drops under heavy load</heading>
+
+ <p>If you have Link Quality Reporting (LQR) configured, it is
+ possible that too many LQR packets are lost between your
+ machine and the peer. Ppp deduces that the line must therefore
+ be bad, and disconnects. Prior to FreeBSD version 2.2.5,
+ LQR was enabled by default. It is now disabled by default.
+ LQR can be disabled with the line
+
+ <verb>
+ disable lqr
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>My connection drops after a random amount of time</heading>
+
+ <p>Sometimes, on a noisy phone line or even on a line with
+ call waiting enabled, your modem may hang up because it
+ thinks (incorrectly) that it lost carrier.
+
+ <p>There's a setting on most modems for determining how tolerant
+ it should be to temporary losses of carrier. On a USR
+ Sportster for example, this is measured by the S10 register in
+ tenths of a second. To make your modem more forgiving, you could
+ add the following send-expect sequence to your dial string:
+
+ <verb>
+ set dial "...... ATS10=10 OK ......"
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>Refer to your modem manual for details.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Nothing happens after the Login OK! message</heading>
+
+ <p>Prior to FreeBSD version 2.2.5, once the link was established,
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp"
+ name="ppp"> would wait for the peer to initiate the Line Control
+ Protocol (LCP). Many ISPs will not initiate negotiations and
+ expect the client to do so. To force <bf/ppp/ to initiate
+ the LCP, use the following line:
+
+ <verb>
+ set openmode active
+ </verb>
+
+ <p><bf/Note/: It usually does no harm if both sides initiate
+ negotiation, so openmode is now active by default. However,
+ the next section explains when it <bf/does/ do some harm.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>I keep seeing errors about magic being the same</heading>
+
+ <p>Occasionally, just after connecting, you may see messages in
+ the log that say "magic is the same". Sometimes, these
+ messages are harmless, and sometimes one side or the other
+ exits. Most ppp implementations cannot survive this problem, and
+ even if the link seems to come up, you'll see repeated configure
+ requests and configure acknowledgements in the log file until
+ ppp eventually gives up and closes the connection.
+
+ <p>This normally happens on server machines with slow disks that
+ are spawning a getty on the port, and executing ppp from a
+ login script or program after login. I've also heard reports
+ of it happening consistently when using slirp. The reason is
+ that in the time taken between getty exiting and ppp starting, the
+ client-side ppp starts sending Line Control Protocol (LCP)
+ packets. Because ECHO is still switched on for the port on
+ the server, the client ppp sees these packets "reflect" back.
+
+ <p>One part of the LCP negotiation is to establish a magic number
+ for each side of the link so that "reflections" can be detected.
+ The protocol says that when the peer tries to negotiate
+ the same magic number, a NAK should be sent and a new magic
+ number should be chosen. During the period that the server
+ port has ECHO turned on, the client ppp sends LCP packets,
+ sees the same magic in the reflected packet and NAKs it. It
+ also sees the NAK reflect (which also means ppp must change
+ its magic). This produces a potentially enormous number of
+ magic number changes, all of which are happily piling into
+ the server's tty buffer. As soon as ppp starts on the server,
+ it's flooded with magic number changes and almost immediately
+ decides it's tried enough to negotiate LCP and gives up.
+ Meanwhile, the client, who no longer sees the reflections,
+ becomes happy just in time to see a hangup from the server.
+
+ <p>This can be avoided by allowing the peer to start negotiating
+ with the following line in your ppp.conf file:
+
+ <verb>
+ set openmode passive
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This tells ppp to wait for the server to initiate LCP
+ negotiations. Some servers however may never initiate negotiations.
+ If this is the case, you can do something like:
+
+ <verb>
+ set openmode active 3
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This tells ppp to be passive for 3 seconds, and then to start
+ sending LCP requests. If the peer starts sending requests during
+ this period, ppp will immediately respond rather than waiting for
+ the full 3 second period.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>
+ LCP negotiations continue 'till the connection is closed
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>There is currently an implementation mis-feature in <bf/ppp/
+ where it doesn't associate LCP, CCP &amp; IPCP responses with
+ their original requests. As a result, if one <bf/ppp/
+ implementation is more than 6 seconds slower than the other side,
+ the other side will send two additional LCP configuration requests.
+ This is fatal.
+
+ Consider two implementations, <bf/A/ and <bf/B/. <bf/A/ starts
+ sending LCP requests immediately after connecting and <bf/B/ takes
+ 7 seconds to start. When <bf/B/ starts, <bf/A/ has sent 3 LCP
+ REQs. We're assuming the line has ECHO switched off, otherwise
+ we'd see magic number problems as described in the previous section.
+ <bf/B/ sends a REQ, then an ACK to the first of <bf/A/'s REQs.
+ This results in <bf/A/ entering the <bf/OPENED/ state and sending
+ and ACK (the first) back to <bf/B/. In the meantime, <bf/B/ sends
+ back two more ACKs in response to the two additional REQs sent by
+ <bf/A/ before <bf/B/ started up. <bf/B/ then receives the first
+ ACK from <bf/A/ and enters the <bf/OPENED/ state. <bf/A/ receives
+ the second ACK from <bf/B/ and goes back to the <bf/REQ-SENT/ state,
+ sending another (forth) REQ as per the RFC. It then receives the
+ third ACK and enters the <bf/OPENED/ state. In the meantime,
+ <bf/B/ receives the forth REQ from <bf/A/, resulting in it reverting
+ to the <bf/ACK-SENT/ state and sending another (second) REQ and
+ (forth) ACK as per the RFC. <bf/A/ gets the REQ, goes into
+ <bf/REQ-SENT/ and sends another REQ. It immediately receives the
+ following ACK and enters <bf/OPENED/.
+
+ <p>This goes on 'till one side figures out that they're getting
+ nowhere and gives up.
+
+ <p>The best way to avoid this is to configure one side to be
+ <bf/passive/ - that is, make one side wait for the other to start
+ negotiating. This can be done with the
+
+ <verb>
+ set openmode passive
+ </verb>
+
+ command. Care should be taken with this option. You should also
+ use the
+
+ <verb>
+ set stopped N
+ </verb>
+
+ command to limit the amount of time that <bf/ppp/ waits for the peer
+ to begin negotiations. Alternatively, the
+
+ <verb>
+ set openmode active N
+ </verb>
+
+ command (where <bf/N/ is the number of seconds to wait before
+ starting negotiations) can be used. Check the manual page for
+ details.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Ppp locks up shortly after connecting</heading>
+
+ <p>Prior to version 2.2.5 of FreeBSD, it was possible that your
+ link was disabled shortly after connection due to <bf/ppp/
+ mis-handling Predictor1 compression negotiation. This would
+ only happen if both sides tried to negotiate different
+ Compression Control Protocols (CCP). This problem is now
+ corrected, but if you're still running an old version of
+ <bf/ppp/, the problem can be circumvented with the line
+
+ <verb>
+ disable pred1
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Ppp locks up when I shell out to test it</heading>
+
+ <p>When you execute the <tt/shell/ or <tt/!/ command, <bf/ppp/
+ executes a shell (or if you've passed any arguements, <bf/ppp/
+ will execute those arguements). Ppp will wait for the command
+ to complete before continuing. If you attempt to use the
+ ppp link while running the command, the link will appear to have
+ frozen. This is because <bf/ppp/ is waiting for the command
+ to complete.
+
+ <p>If you wish to execute commands like this, use the
+ <tt/!bg/ command instead. This will execute the given command
+ in the background, and ppp can continue to service the link.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Ppp over a null-modem cable never exits</heading>
+
+ <p>There is no way for <bf/ppp/ to automatically determine that
+ a direct connection has been dropped. This is due to the
+ lines that are used in a null-modem serial cable. When using
+ this sort of connection, LQR should always be enabled with
+ the line
+
+ <verb>
+ enable lqr
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>LQR is accepted by default if negotiated by the peer.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Why does ppp dial for no reason in -auto mode</heading>
+
+ <p>If <bf/ppp/ is dialing unexpectedly, you must determine the
+ cause, and set up Dial filters (dfilters) to prevent such dialing.
+
+ <p>To determine the cause, use the following line:
+
+ <verb>
+ set log +tcp/ip
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This will log all traffic through the connection. The next
+ time the line comes up unexpectedly, you will see the reason
+ logged with a convenient timestamp next to it.
+
+ <p>You can now disable dialing under these circumstances. Usually,
+ this sort of problem arises due to DNS lookups. To prevent
+ DNS lookups from establishing a connection (this will <bf/not/
+ prevent <bf/ppp/ from passing the packets through an established
+ connection), use the following:
+
+ <verb>
+ set dfilter 1 deny udp src eq 53
+ set dfilter 2 deny udp dst eq 53
+ set dfilter 3 permit 0/0 0/0
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This is not always suitable, as it will effectively break your
+ demand-dial capabilities - most programs will need a DNS lookup
+ before doing any other network related things.
+
+ <p>In the DNS case, you should try to determine what is actually
+ trying to resolve a host name. A lot of the time,
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sendmail"
+ name="sendmail"> is the culprit. You should make sure that you tell
+ sendmail not to do any DNS lookups in its configuration file. See
+ the section on <ref id="ispmail" name="Mail Configuration"> for
+ details on how to create your own configuration file and what should
+ go into it. You may also want to add the following line to your
+ <bf/.mc/ file:
+
+ <verb>
+ define(`confDELIVERY_MODE', `d')dnl
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This will make sendmail queue everything until the queue is
+ run (usually, sendmail is invoked with ``-bd -q30m'', telling it
+ to run the queue every 30 minutes) or until a ``sendmail -q''
+ is done (perhaps from your ppp.linkup file).
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>What do these CCP errors mean</heading>
+
+ <p>I keep seeing the following errors in my log file:
+
+ <verb>
+ CCP: CcpSendConfigReq
+ CCP: Received Terminate Ack (1) state = Req-Sent (6)
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This is because ppp is trying to negotiate Predictor1
+ compression, and the peer does not want to negotiate any
+ compression at all. The messages are harmless, but if you
+ wish to remove them, you can disable Predictor1 compression
+ locally too:
+
+ <verb>
+ disable pred1
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Ppp locks up during file transfers with IO errors</heading>
+
+ <p>Under FreeBSD 2.2.2 and before, there was a bug in the tun
+ driver that prevents incoming packets of a size larger than
+ the tun interface's MTU size. Receipt of a packet greater than
+ the MTU size results in an IO error being logged via syslogd.
+
+ <p>The ppp specification says that an MRU of 1500 should
+ <bf>always</bf> be accepted as a minimum, despite any LCP
+ negotiations, therefore it is possible that should you decrease
+ the MTU to less than 1500, your ISP will transmit packets of
+ 1500 regardless, and you will tickle this non-feature - locking
+ up your link.
+
+ <p>The problem can be circumvented by never setting an MTU of
+ less than 1500 under FreeBSD 2.2.2 or before.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Why doesn't ppp log my connection speed?</heading>
+
+ <p>In order to log all lines of your modem ``conversation'',
+ you must enable the following:
+
+ <verb>
+ set log +connect
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This will make
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ppp" name="ppp">
+ log everything up until the last requested "expect" string.
+
+ <p>If you wish to see your connect speed and are using PAP or CHAP
+ (and therefore don't have anything to "chat" after the CONNECT
+ in the dial script - no "set login" script), you must make sure that
+ you instruct ppp to "expect" the whole CONNECT line, something like
+ this:
+
+ <verb>
+ set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 4 \"\" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK ATDT\\T TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT \\c \\n"
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>Here, we get our CONNECT, send nothing, then expect a line-feed,
+ forcing <bf/ppp/ to read the whole CONNECT response.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Ppp ignores the `\' character in my chat script</heading>
+
+ <p>Ppp parses each line in your config files so that it can
+ interpret strings such as <tt/set phone "123 456 789"/ correctly
+ (and realize that the number is actually only <bf/one/ argument.
+ In order to specify a ``"'' character, you must escape it using
+ a backslash (``\'').
+
+ <p>When the chat interpreter parses each argument, it re-interprets
+ the argument in order to find any special escape sequences such
+ as ``\P'' or ``\T'' (see the man page). As a result of this
+ double-parsing, you must remember to use the correct number of
+ escapes.
+
+ <p>If you wish to actually send a ``\'' character to (say) your
+ modem, you'd need something like:
+
+ <verb>
+ set dial "\"\" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK AT\\\\X OK"
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>resulting in the following sequence:
+
+ <verb>
+ ATZ
+ OK
+ AT\X
+ OK
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>or
+
+ <verb>
+ set phone 1234567
+ set dial "\"\" ATZ OK ATDT\\T"
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>resulting in the following sequence:
+
+ <verb>
+ ATZ
+ OK
+ ATDT1234567
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Ppp gets a seg-fault, but I see no <tt/ppp.core/ file</heading>
+
+ <p>Ppp (or any other program for that matter) should never
+ dump core. Because ppp runs with an effective user id of 0,
+ the operating system will not write ppps core image to disk
+ before terminating it. If, however ppp <bf/is/ actually
+ termating due to a segmentation violation or some other
+ signal that normally causes core to be dumped, <bf/and/ you're
+ sure you're using the latest version (see the start of this
+ section), then you should do the following:
+
+ <verb>
+ $ tar xfz ppp-*.src.tar.gz
+ $ cd ppp*/ppp
+ $ echo STRIP= >>Makefile
+ $ echo CFLAGS+=-g >>Makefile
+ $ make clean all
+ $ su
+ # make install
+ # chmod 555 /usr/sbin/ppp
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>You will now have a debuggable version of ppp installed. You
+ will have to be root to run ppp as all of its privileges have
+ been revoked. When you start ppp, take a careful note of what
+ your current directory was at the time.
+
+ <p>Now, if and when ppp receives the segmentation violation, it
+ will dump a core file called ppp.core. You should then do the
+ following:
+
+ <verb>
+ $ su
+ # gdb /usr/sbin/ppp ppp.core
+ (gdb) bt
+ .....
+ (gdb) f 0
+ .....
+ (gdb) i args
+ .....
+ (gdb) l
+ .....
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>All of this information should be given alongside your
+ question, making it possible to diagnose the problem.
+ <p>If you're familiar with gdb, you may wish to find out some
+ other bits and pieces such as what actually caused the dump and
+ the addresses & values of the relevant variables.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>
+ The process that forces a dial in auto mode never connects
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>This was a known problem with <bf/ppp/ set up to negotiate
+ a dynamic local IP number with the peer in auto mode. It is
+ fixed in the latest version - search the man page for <bf/iface/.
+
+ <p>The problem was that when that initial program calls
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?connect"
+ name="connect(2)">, the IP number of the tun interface is
+ assigned to the socket endpoint. The kernel creates the first
+ outgoing packet and writes it to the tun device. <bf/Ppp/ then
+ reads the packet and establishes a connection. If, as a result
+ of <bf/ppp/s dynamic IP assignment, the interface address is changed,
+ the original socket endpoint will be invalid. Any subsequent
+ packets sent to the peer will usually be dropped. Even if
+ they aren't, any responses will not route back to the originating
+ machine as the IP number is no longer owned by that machine.
+
+ <p>There are several theoretical ways to approach this problem.
+ It would be nicest if the peer would re-assign the same IP number
+ if possible <tt/:-)/ The current version of <bf/ppp/ does this,
+ but most other implementations don't.
+
+ <p>The easiest method from our side would be to never change the
+ tun interface IP number, but instead to change all outgoing packets
+ so that the source IP number is changed from the interface IP to
+ the negotiated IP on the fly. This is essentially what the
+ <tt/iface-alias/ option in the latest version of <bf/ppp/ is
+ doing (with the help of <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?libalias" name="libalias(3)">
+ and ppp's <bf/-alias/ switch) - it's maintaining all previous
+ interface addresses and aliasing them to the last negotiated address.
+
+ <p>Another alternative (and probably the most reliable) would be
+ to implement a system call that changes all bound sockets from one
+ IP to another. <bf/Ppp/ would use this call to modify the
+ sockets of all existing programs when a new IP number is
+ negotiated. The same system call could be used by dhcp clients
+ when they are forced to re-bind() their sockets.
+
+ <p>Yet another possibility is to allow an interface to be brought
+ up without an IP number. Outgoing packets would be given
+ an IP number of 255.255.255.255 up until the first SIOCAIFADDR
+ ioctl is done. This would result in fully binding the socket. It
+ would be up to <bf/ppp/ to change the source IP number, but only if
+ it's set to 255.255.255.255, and only the IP number and IP checksum
+ would need to change. This, however is a bit of a hack as
+ the kernel would be sending bad packets to an improperly
+ configured interface, on the assumption that some other mechanism
+ is capable of fixing things retrospectively.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>Why don't most games work with the -alias switch</heading>
+
+ <p>The reason games and the like don't work when libalias is
+ in use is that the machine on the outside will try to open a
+ connection or send (unsolicited) UDP packets to the machine
+ on the inside. The packet alias software doesn't know that
+ it should send these packets to the interior machine.
+
+ <p>To make things work, make sure that the only thing running
+ is the software that you're having problems with, then either
+ run tcpdump on the tun interface of the gateway or enable ppp
+ tcp/ip logging (``set log +tcp/ip'') on the gateway.
+
+ <p>When you start the offending software, you should see packets
+ passing through the gateway machine. When something comes back
+ from the outside, it'll be dropped (that's the problem). Note
+ the port number of these packets then shut down the offending
+ software. Do this a few times to see if the port numbers are
+ consistent. If they are, then the following line in the relevant
+ section of /etc/ppp/ppp.conf will make the software functional:
+
+ <verb>
+ alias port proto internalmachine:port port
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>where ``proto'' is either ``tcp'' or ``udp'',
+ ``internalmachine'' is the machine that you want the packets
+ to be sent to and ``port'' is the destination port number of
+ the packets.
+
+ <p>You won't be able to use the software on other machines
+ without changing the above command, and running the software
+ on two internal machines at the same time is out of the question
+ - after all, the outside world is seeing your entire internal
+ network as being just a single machine.
+
+ <p>If the port numbers aren't consistent, there are three more
+ options:
+
+ <p><bf>1)</bf> Submit support in libalias. Examples of ``special
+ cases'' can be found in /usr/src/lib/libalias/alias_*.c (alias_ftp.c
+ is a good prototype). This usually involves reading certain
+ recognised outgoing packets, identifying the instruction that
+ tells the outside machine to initiate a connection back to the
+ internal machine on a specific (random) port and setting up a
+ ``route'' in the alias table so that the subsequent packets
+ know where to go.
+
+ <p>This is the most difficult solution, but it is the best and
+ will make the software work with multiple machines.
+
+ <p><bf>2)</bf> Use a proxy. The application may support socks5
+ for example, or (as in the ``cvsup'' case) may have a ``passive''
+ option that avoids ever requesting that the peer open connections
+ back to the local machine.
+
+ <p><bf>3)</bf> Redirect everything to the internal machine using
+ ``alias addr''. This is the sledge-hammer approach.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>What are FCS errors ?</heading>
+
+ <p>FCS stands for <bf/F/rame <bf/C/heck <bf/S/equence. Each
+ ppp packet has a checksum attached to ensure that the data
+ being received is the data being sent. If the FCS of an
+ incoming packet is incorrect, the packet is dropped and the
+ HDLC FCS count is increased. The HDLC error values can be
+ displayed using the <tt>show hdlc</tt> command.
+
+ <p>If your link is bad (or if your serial driver is dropping
+ packets), you will see the occasional FCS error. This is not
+ usually worth worrying about although it does slow down the
+ compression protocols substantially. If you have an external
+ modem, make sure your cable is properly shielded from
+ interference - this may eradicate the problem.
+
+ <p>If your link freezes as soon as you've connected and you see
+ a large number of FCS errors, this may be because your link is
+ not 8 bit clean. Make sure your modem is not using software
+ flow control (XON/XOFF). If your datalink <bf>must</bf> use
+ software flow control, use the command
+ <tt>set accmap 0x000a0000</tt> to tell <bf>ppp</bf> to escape
+ the ^Q and ^S characters.
+
+ <p>Another reason for seeing too many FCS errors may be that
+ the remote end has stopped talking <bf/PPP/. You may want to
+ enable <tt/async/ logging at this point to determine if the
+ incoming data is actually a login or shell prompt. If you
+ have a shell prompt at the remote end, it's possible to
+ terminate ppp without dropping the line by using the
+ <tt>close lcp</tt> command (a following <tt>term</tt> command
+ will reconnect you to the shell on the remote machine.
+
+ <p>If nothing in your log file indicates why the link might
+ have been terminated, you should ask the remote administrator
+ (your ISP?) why the session was terminated.
+
+ <sect2>
+ <heading>None of this helps - I'm desperate !</heading>
+
+ <p>If all else fails, send as much information as you can,
+ including your config files, how you're starting <bf/ppp/,
+ the relevant parts of your log file and the output of the
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?netstat"
+ name="netstat -rn"> command (before and after connecting) to the
+ <url url="mailto:freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org"
+ name="freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org"> mailing list or the
+ <url url="news:comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc"
+ name="comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc"> news group, and someone
+ should point you in the right direction.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>I can't create a <tt>/dev/ed0</tt> device!</heading>
+
+ <p>In the Berkeley networking framework, network interfaces are only
+ directly accessible by kernel code. Please see the
+ <tt>/etc/rc.network</tt> file and the manual pages for the various
+ network programs mentioned there for more information. If this
+ leaves you totally confused, then you should pick up a book
+ describing network administration on another BSD-related
+ operating system; with few significant exceptions, administering
+ networking on FreeBSD is basically the same as on SunOS 4.0 or
+ Ultrix.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How can I setup Ethernet aliases?</heading>
+
+ <p>Add ``<tt/netmask 0xffffffff/'' to your <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ifconfig" name="ifconfig">
+ command-line like the following:
+
+ <verb>
+ ifconfig ed0 alias 204.141.95.2 netmask 0xffffffff
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How do I get my 3C503 to use the other network port?</heading>
+
+ <p>If you want to use the other ports, you'll have to specify an
+ additional parameter on the
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ifconfig"
+ name="ifconfig"> command line. The
+ default port is ``<tt/link0/''. To use the AUI port instead of
+ the BNC one, use ``<tt/link2/''. These flags should be specified
+ using the ifconfig_* variables in <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf" name="/etc/rc.conf">.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>I'm having problems with NFS to/from FreeBSD.</heading>
+
+ <p>Certain PC network cards are better than others (to put it
+ mildly) and can sometimes cause problems with network intensive
+ applications like NFS.
+
+ <p>See <url url="../handbook/nfs.html" name="the Handbook entry on NFS">
+ for more information on this topic.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Why can't I NFS-mount from a Linux box?</heading>
+
+ <p>Some versions of the Linux NFS code only accept mount requests
+ from a privileged port; try
+
+ <verb>
+ mount -o -P linuxbox:/blah /mnt
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Why can't I NFS-mount from a Sun box?</heading>
+
+ <p>Sun workstations running SunOS 4.X only accept mount requests
+ from a privileged port; try
+
+ <verb>
+ mount -o -P sunbox:/blah /mnt
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>I'm having problems talking PPP to NeXTStep machines.</heading>
+
+ <p>Try disabling the TCP extensions in <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf" name="/etc/rc.conf"> by
+ changing the following variable to NO:
+
+ <verb>
+ tcp_extensions=NO
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>Xylogic's Annex boxes are also broken in this regard and you must
+ use the above change to connect thru them.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How do I enable IP multicast support?</heading>
+
+ <p>Multicast host operations are fully supported in FreeBSD 2.0 and
+ later by default. If you want your box to run as a multicast router,
+ you will need to recompile your kernel with the <tt>MROUTING</tt>
+ option and run <tt/mrouted/. FreeBSD 2.2 and later will start
+ <tt/mrouted/ at boot time if the flag <tt/mrouted_enable/ is set
+ to "YES" in <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt>.
+
+ <p>MBONE tools are available in their own ports category, mbone. If
+ you are looking for the conference tools <tt/vic/ and <tt/vat/,
+ look there!
+
+ <p>For more information, see the
+ <url url="http://www.mbone.com/" name="Mbone Information Web">.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Which network cards are based on the DEC PCI chipset?</heading>
+
+ <p>Here is a list compiled by <url url="mailto:gfoster@driver.nsta.org"
+ name="Glen Foster">, with some more modern additions:
+
+ <verb>
+ Vendor Model
+ ----------------------------------------------
+ ASUS PCI-L101-TB
+ Accton ENI1203
+ Cogent EM960PCI
+ Compex ENET32-PCI
+ D-Link DE-530
+ Dayna DP1203, DP2100
+ DEC DE435
+ Danpex EN-9400P3
+ JCIS Condor JC1260
+ Linksys EtherPCI
+ Mylex LNP101
+ SMC EtherPower 10/100 (Model 9332)
+ SMC EtherPower (Model 8432)
+ TopWare TE-3500P
+ Zynx ZX342
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Why do I have to use the FQDN for hosts on my site?</heading>
+
+ <p>You will probably find that the host is actually in a different
+ domain; for example, if you are in foo.bar.edu and you wish to reach
+ a host called ``mumble'' in the bar.edu domain, you will have to
+ refer to it by the fully-qualified domain name, ``mumble.bar.edu'',
+ instead of just ``mumble''.
+
+ <p>Traditionally, this was allowed by BSD BIND resolvers. However
+ the current version of <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?named" name="bind"> that ships
+ with FreeBSD no longer provides default abbreviations for non-fully
+ qualified domain names other than the domain you are in.
+ So an unqualified host <tt>mumble</tt> must either be found
+ as <tt>mumble.foo.bar.edu</tt>, or it will be searched for
+ in the root domain.
+
+ <p>This is different from the previous behavior, where the
+ search continued across <tt>mumble.bar.edu</tt>, and
+ <tt>mumble.edu</tt>. Have a look at RFC 1535 for why this
+ was considered bad practice, or even a security hole.
+
+ <p>As a good workaround, you can place the line
+
+ <verb>
+ search foo.bar.edu bar.edu
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>instead of the previous
+
+ <verb>
+ domain foo.bar.edu
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>into your <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?resolv.conf"
+ name="/etc/resolv.conf"> file. However, make sure that the search order
+ does not go beyond the ``boundary between local and public
+ administration'', as RFC 1535 calls it.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>``Permission denied'' for all networking operations.</heading>
+
+ <p>If you have compiled your kernel with the <tt/IPFIREWALL/
+ option, you need to be aware that the default policy as of
+ 2.1.7R (this actually changed during 2.1-STABLE development)
+ is to deny all packets that are not explicitly allowed.
+
+ <p>If you had unintentionally misconfigured your system for
+ firewalling, you can restore network operability by typing
+ the following while logged in as root:
+
+ <verb>
+ ipfw add 65534 allow all from any to any
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>You can also set "firewall_type='open'" in <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt>.
+
+ <p>For further information on configuring a FreeBSD firewall,
+ see the <url url="../handbook/firewalls.html" name="Handbook section">.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How much overhead does IPFW incur?</heading>
+
+ <p>The answer to this depends mostly on your rule set and processor
+ speed. For most applications dealing with ethernet and small
+ rule sets, the answer is, negligible. For those of you that need
+ actual measurements to satisfy your curiosity, read on.
+
+ <p>The following measurements were made using 2.2.5-STABLE on
+ a 486-66. IPFW was modified to measure the time spent within
+ the <tt/ip_fw_chk/ routine, displaying the results to the console
+ every 1000 packets.
+
+ <p>Two rule sets, each with 1000 rules were tested. The first set
+ was designed to demonstrate a worst case scenario by repeating the
+ rule:
+
+ <verb>
+ ipfw add deny tcp from any to any 55555
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>This demonstrates worst case by causing most of IPFW's packet
+ check routine to be executed before finally deciding that the
+ packet does not match the rule (by virtue of the port number).
+ Following the 999th iteration of this rule was an <tt>allow ip
+ from any to any</tt>.
+
+ <p>The second set of rules were designed to abort the rule
+ check quickly:
+
+ <verb>
+ ipfw add deny ip from 1.2.3.4 to 1.2.3.4
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>The nonmatching source IP address for the above rule causes
+ these rules to be skipped very quickly. As before, the 1000th
+ rule was an <tt>allow ip from any to any</tt>.
+
+ <p>The per-packet processing overhead in the former case was
+ approximately 2.703ms/packet, or roughly 2.7 microseconds per
+ rule. Thus the theoretical packet processing limit with these
+ rules is around 370 packets per second. Assuming 10Mbps ethernet
+ and a ~1500 byte packet size, we would only be able to achieve a
+ 55.5% bandwidth utilization.
+
+ <p>For the latter case each packet was processed in
+ approximately 1.172ms, or roughly 1.2 microseconds per rule.
+ The theoretical packet processing limit here would be about
+ 853 packets per second, which could consume 10Mbps ethernet
+ bandwidth.
+
+ <p>The excessive number of rules tested and the nature of those
+ rules do not provide a real-world scenario -- they were used only
+ to generate the timing information presented here. Here are a
+ few things to keep in mind when building an efficient rule set:
+
+ <itemize>
+
+ <item>Place an `established' rule early on to handle the
+ majority of TCP traffic. Don't put any <tt>allow tcp</tt>
+ statements before this rule.
+
+ <item>Place heavily triggered rules earlier in the rule
+ set than those rarely used (<bf>without changing the
+ permissiveness of the firewall</bf>, of course). You can see
+ which rules are used most often by examining the packet counting
+ statistics with <tt>ipfw -a l</tt>.
+
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>How can I redirect service requests from one machine to another?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>You can redirect FTP (and other service) request with the 'socket'
+ package, available in the ports tree in category 'sysutils'.
+ Simply replace the service's commandline to call socket instead, like so:
+
+<verb>
+ftp stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/local/bin/socket socket ftp.foo.com ftp
+</verb>
+
+ <p>where 'ftp.foo.com' and 'ftp' are the host and port to redirect to,
+ respectively.
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Where can I get a bandwidth management tool?</heading>
+
+ <p>There are two bandwidth management tools available for FreeBSD.
+ <url url="http://www.csl.sony.co.jp/person/kjc/programs.html"
+ name="ALTQ"> is available for free; Bandwidth Manager from
+ <url url="http://www.etinc.com" name="Emerging Technologies"> is
+ a commercial product.
+
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/preface.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/preface.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1d017fc67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/preface.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+<!-- $Id: preface.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by ijliao@dragon2.net -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.26 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>«e¨¥<label id="preface"></heading>
+
+ <p>Åwªï¨Ó¨ì FreeBSD 2.X FAQ!
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¼g³o¥÷ FAQ ªº¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¸ò¨ä¥L Usenet ¤Wªº FAQ ¤@¼Ë, ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¥D­n²[»\¤F¦³Ãö FreeBSD ³o®M§@
+ ·~¨t²Î³Ì±`³Q°Ý¨ìªº°ÝÃD (·íµM¥]¬A¤F¦^µª !)¡CÁöµM»¡§Ú­Ì¥»¨Óªº¥Øªº¬O¬°¤F
+ ´î¤Öºô¸ôÀW¼eªº®ö¶O¥H¤ÎÁ×§K¦P¼Ëªº°ÝÃD¤@¦A¥X²{, ¦ý¬O FAQ ¤w¸g³Qµø¬°¬O¤@
+ ºØ«Ü¦³»ù­Èªº¸ê°T¤F¡C
+
+ <p>§Ú­Ì¤w¸g¾¨¥i¯à¦a¨Ï³o¥÷ FAQ §óÂ×´I¤F ; ¦pªG±z¹ï¦p¦ó¨Ï¨ä§ó¶i¨B¦³¥ô¦ó
+ «ØÄ³, ½ÐÀH®É±H¹q¤l¶l¥óµ¹ <url url="mailto:FAQ@FreeBSD.ORG"
+ name="FAQ ºûÅ@ªÌ">¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¤°»ò¬O FreeBSD?</heading>
+
+ <p>²³æ¦a¨Ó»¡, FreeBSD 2.X ¬O¤@®M®Ú¾Ú U.C. Berkeley's 4.4BSD-lite
+ release for the i386 platform ©Ò§¹¦¨ªº UN*X-like §@·~¨t²Î¡C¥¦¦P®É¤]¶¡
+ ±µ¨Ï¥Î¤F William Jolitz ²¾´Ó¨ì i386 ¤Wªº U.C. Berkeley's Net/2, ¤]´N¬O
+ 386BSD¡C¤£¹L²{¦b 386BSD ªºµ{¦¡½X¥u³Ñ¤U·¥¤Ö¼ÆÁÙ¯d¦s¦b FreeBSD ¤¤¡C±z¥i
+ ¥H¦b <url url="http://www.freebsd.org" name="FreeBSD ­º­¶"> §ä¨ì¦³Ãö¤°
+ »ò¬O FreeBSD ¥H¤Î¥¦¥i¥HÀ°±z°µ¨Ç¤°»òªº¬ÛÃö¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¤w³Q¼sªx¦a³Q¥@¬É¦U¦aªº¤½¥q¦æ¸¹, ISP, ¬ã¨s¤H­û, ¹q¸£±M®a, ¾Ç
+ ¥Í, ¥H¤Î®a®x¥Î¤á©Ò¨Ï¥Î, ¥Î¦b¤u§@, ±Ð¨|, ¥H¤Î®T¼Ö¤W¡C±z¥i¥H¦b
+ <url url="../gallery/gallery.html" name="FreeBSD Gallery">¬Ý¨ì¤@¨Ç¦³
+ Ãö¥L­Ìªº¸ê®Æ¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG·Q¬ÝÃö©ó FreeBSD §ó²`¤Jªº¸ê®Æ, ½Ð¬Ý
+ <url url="../handbook/handbook.html" name="FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U">¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>µo®i FreeBSD ªº¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò ?</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ­pµeªº¥Øªº¬O´£¨Ñ¥i¥H¥ô·N¨Ï¥Î¥B¨S¦³­­¨îªº³nÅé¡C§Ú­Ì¦bµ{¦¡½X
+ (¥H¤Î­p±Þ¥»¨­) ¤W¥I¥X¤F¤j¶q¤ß¦å, ÁöµM§Ú­Ì¨S¦³¯S§O±j½Õ, ¤£¹L¨Ã¤£­n¨D¥ô
+ ¦óª÷¿ú¤Wªº¦^õX¡C§Ú­Ì¬Û«H§Ú­Ì­º­nªº "¥ô°È" ´N¬O´£¨Ñµ{¦¡½Xµ¹¨C¤@­Ó¨Ï¥Î
+ ªÌ, ¤£ºÞ¥L­Ìªº¥Øªº¬O¤°»ò ; ³o»ò¤@¨Ó, ³o¨Çµ{¦¡½X¤~¯à³Q¥Î¦b³Ì¦h¦a¤è, ¤]
+ ¤~¯àµo´§¥¦­Ì³Ì¤jªº§Q¯q¡C§Ú­Ì¬Û«H³o´N¬O¦Û¥Ñ³nÅé³Ì°ò¥»ªº¥Ø¼Ð¤§¤@, ¦Ó¥B§Ú
+ ­Ì·|ºÉ¥þ¤O¥h¤ä«ù¥¦¡C
+
+ <p>¦b§Ú­Ì source tree ¤¤¦³³¡¥÷ªºµ{¦¡½X¬O±Ä¥Î©Ò¿×ªº GPL ©Î¬O LGPL ª©Åv
+ «Å§i, ÁöµM³o¨Çª©Åv«Å§i¬O¥Î¨Ó«O»Ù¦Ó«D­­¨î¨Ï¥ÎªÌªºÅv§Q, ²¦³º¬O¤£¨º»ò¦Û¥Ñ
+ ¤F¨Ç¡C¥Ñ©ó³o¨Ç GPL ªº³nÅé¦b°Ó·~¨Ï¥Î¤W·|¤Þ°_«D±`½ÆÂøªºª©Åv°ÝÃD, ¦]¦¹¥u
+ ­n¦³¾÷·|, §Ú­Ì·|ºÉ¶q¥H±Ä¥Î¤ñ¸ûÃPªº BSD ª©Åvªº³nÅé¨Ó¨ú¥N³o¨Ç GPL ª©Åv«Å
+ §iªº³nÅé¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬°¤°»ò­n¥s°µ FreeBSD?</heading>
+
+ <p>
+ <itemize>
+ <item>±z¥i¥H§K¶O¨Ï¥Î¥¦, §Y¨Ï¬O¥Î©ó°Ó·~¥Î³~¡C
+
+ <item>¾ã­Ó FreeBSD §@·~¨t²Î§¹¾ãªº­ì©lµ{¦¡³£¥i¥H§K¶O¨ú±o, ¦Ó¥B¦b¨Ï¥Î
+ ¤Î´²§G¦U¤è­±¤]¥u¨ü¨ì³Ì¤pªº­­¨î (¤£½×¬O§_¥Î©ó°Ó·~¥Î³~)¡C
+
+ <item>¥ô¦ó¤H³£¥i¥H¦Û¥Ñ¦a§â¥L¹ï¨t²Îªº§ï¨}©Î¿ù»~­×¥¿ªºµ{¦¡½X¥[¤J
+ source tree ¤§¤¤ (·íµM­n²Å¦X´X­Ó¥ý¨M±ø¥ó)¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>¦pªGŪªÌ±zªº¥À»y¤£¬O­^»yªº¸Ü, ±z­n¯S§Oª`·N³o¸Ìªº "free" ¨âºØ¥Îªkªº
+ ·N«ä¬O¤£¤@¼Ëªº : ¤@ºØªº·N«ä¬O "§K¶O", ¥t¤@ºØªº·N«ä¬O "¦Û¥Ñ"¡C±z¥i¥H®³
+ FreeBSD ¥h°µ¥ô¦ó±z·Q­n°µªº¨Æ, °£¤F¤@¨Ç¨Ò¥~, ¨Ò¦p±z«ÅºÙ FreeBSD ¬O±z¼g
+ ªº¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>³Ì·sª©ªº FreeBSD ¬O¨º¤@ª© ?</heading>
+
+ <p><url url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/2.2.8-RELEASE"
+ name="2.2.8"> ¬O¥Ø«e³Ì·sªº <em> stable </em> ª© ; ¥¦©ó 1998 ¦~
+ 12 ¤ëµo¦æ¡C¥¦¦P®É¤]¬O¥Ø«e³Ì·sªº <em>release</em> ª©¡C
+
+ <p>²³æªº»¡, <bf>-stable</bf> ªº¥D­n¶D¨D¹ï¶H¬O¹ï©óí©w©Ê¤Î§CÅܲ§©Ê¦³
+ ¸û±j»Ý¨Dªº¾÷ºc, ¨Ò¦p ISP, ¦Ó«D³ß·R¤@¨Ç¯S§O·s¥\¯àªº¾÷ºc¡C¦b¦¹¦P®É, ³o
+ ¨Çª©¥»¬O§¹¥þ¤@¼Ëªº, ¦ý¬O¦b <bf>-current</bf> ³o­Ó¤À¤äªº§¹¦¨«×¨¬¥H°µ¤@
+ ­Ó¥¿±` release ¤§«e, ³oºØ±¡ªp¤£·|ºû«ù¤Ó¤[¡C
+
+ <p>¦ý¬O³o¨Ã¤£¥Nªí»¡ 3.0-current snapshot ´N¤£¾A¦X¥Î¦b°Ó·~ªA°È¤W, ¨Æ¹ê
+ ¤W, «Ü¦h»Ý­n 3.0 ·s¥\¯à (§ó·sªº½s;¹§Þ³N, §ó¦³®Ä²vªººô¸ôµ{¦¡½Xµ¥) ªº
+ ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£±o¨ì¤F«D±`º¡·Nªºµ²ªG¡C¦b¥¦Åܱo§óí©w¥H«e, §Ú­Ì¤£¯à "¾á«O" 3.0
+ ¥i¥H¾á±o°_­«­nªº¤u§@¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¤°»ò¬O FreeBSD-current?<label id="current"></heading>
+
+ <p><url url="../handbook/current.html" name="FreeBSD-current">«üªº¬O¥¿
+ ¦bµo®i¤¤ªºª©¥», ¥¦²×±N¦b¾A·íªº®É¾÷¦¨¬° 3.0.1-RELEASE¡C¥¦¹ê¦b¬O¥u¾A¦Xµ¹
+ ¨t²Îµo®iªÌ¥H¤Î¦³¼Ý¤Oªº·~¾l·R¦nªÌ¨Ï¥Î¡C¦pªG·Q­n±o¨ì¦³Ãö¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î
+ -current ªº²`¤J¸ê°T, ½Ð°Ñ¦Ò
+ <url url="../handbook/handbook.html" name="¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U"> ªº
+ <url url="../handbook/current.html" name="¬ÛÃö³¡¥÷">¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z¹ï§@·~¨t²Î¥»¨­¨Ã¤£¬O«Ü¼ô±x, ©Î¬O±z¨S¿ìªk¤À¿ë±z¹J¨ìªº°ÝÃD¬O¯u
+ ªºµo¥Í¤F°ÝÃD¥ç©Î¬O¼È®É©Êªº¤pª¬ªp, ¨º»ò±z´N¤£À³¸Ó¨Ï¥Î FreeBSD-current¡C
+ ³o­Ó¤À¤äªºµ{¦¡½X¦³®É­ÔÅܰʱo«Ü§Ö, ¦Ó¥B¥i¯à·|¦]¦¹¦Ó¨Ï±z¦³¦n´X¤Ñªº®É¶¡µL
+ ªk§ó·s±zªº¨t²Î¡C§Ú­Ì°²³]¨Ï¥Î FreeBSD-current ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¦³¯à¤O¥h¤ÀªR¥L
+ ­Ì©Ò¹J¨ìªº°ÝÃD¨Ã¥B¥u¦^³ø¯u¥¿ªº°ÝÃD¦Ó«D¤pª¬ªp¡C¦pªG±z¦b -current
+ mailing list ¤¤´£¨ìÃþ¦ü "make world ³y¦¨¤@¨Ç¦³Ãö groups ªº¿ù»~" ªº°ÝÃD,
+ ¦³®É­Ô·|³Q¨ä¥L¤H»´µø¡C
+
+ <p>¦³®É­Ô§Ú­Ì·|¬°³o¨Ç -current µo®i¤¤ªºµ{¦¡½Xµoªí
+ <url url="../releases/snapshots.html" name="snapshot">, §ó¦³¬ÆªÌ, §Ú­Ì
+ ÁÙ·|µoªí CDROM «¬¦¡ªº snapshot¡Cµoªí³o¨Ç snapshot ªº¥Øªº¦b©ó :
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>´ú¸Õ³Ì·sª©ªº¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡¡C
+
+ <item>´£¨Ñ¤@­Ó²³æªº¤èªkµ¹¨º¨Ç³ßÅw¨Ï¥Î -current ¦ý¬O¨S¦³®É¶¡©MÀW¼e¥h
+ ¨C¤Ñª@¯Åªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡C
+
+ <item>¬°¤F´À§Ú­Ìµo®i¤¤ªºµ{¦¡«O¯d¤@­Ó©T©wªº°Ñ¦ÒÂI, ¥H¨¾¤î§Ú­Ì¥¼¨Ó³y¦¨
+ ¤£©¯¡C(ÁöµM CVS ¥i¥H¥¿±`¦a¨¾¤îÃþ¦ü³oºØªº¥i©È¨Æ¥ó :)
+
+ <item>¬°¤F½T«O©Ò¦³»Ý­n´ú¸Õªº·s¥\¯à³£¥i¥H±o¨ì³Ì¦hªº´ú¸Õ¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>µL½×¦p¦ó, §Ú­Ì¤£«OÃÒ snapshot ªº«~½è¡C¬°¤Fí©w©Ê, ±z³Ì¦n¨Ï¥Î§¹¥þ
+ release ªºª©¥»¡C
+
+ <p>±z¥i¥Hª½±µ±q
+ <url url="ftp://current.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/"> ¨ú±o snapshot
+ release, ¤£ºÞ¬O 3.0-current ©Î¬O 2.2-stable, ¥­§¡¨C¤Ñ³£·|²£¥Í¤@­Ó
+ snapshot ªºª©¥»¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¤°»ò¬O FreeBSD-stable?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦^·¹¨ì FreeBSD 2.0.5 ­èµoªíªº®É­Ô, §Ú­Ì¨M©w§â FreeBSD ªº release
+ ¤À¦¨¨â¤ä¡C¤@¤ä¥s°µ<url url="../handbook/stable.html" name="-stable"> ,
+ §Ú­Ì¥u¹ï¥¦°µ¿ù»~­×¥¿¤Î¤p´T«×ªº­×§ï (³o¬Oµ¹ ISP ©M°Ó·~¤½¥qµ¥¹ï¹êÅ礤¥\
+ ¯à¤£·P¿³½ìªº³æ¦ì©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº)¡C¥t¥~¤@¤ä¥s°µ
+ <url url="../handbook/current.html" name="-current">, ±q 2.0 ª©µo¦æ¥H
+ «á´N¤£¶¡Â_¦a´ÂµÛ 3.0-RELEASE (¥H¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥») «e¶iµÛ¡C¤U­±´N¬Oª©¥»ºt
+ ¶iªº¥Ü·N¹Ï :
+
+<verb>
+ 2.0
+ |
+ |
+ | [2.1-stable]
+ *BRANCH* 2.0.5 -> 2.1 -> 2.1.5 -> 2.1.6 -> 2.1.7.1 [2.1-stable ends]
+ | (Mar 1997)
+ |
+ |
+ | [2.2-stable]
+ *BRANCH* 2.2.1 -> 2.2.2-RELEASE -> 2.2.5 -> 2.2.6 -> 2.2.7 -> 2.2.8 [end]
+ | (Mar 1997) (Oct 97) (Apr 98) (Jul 98) (Dec 98)
+ |
+ |
+ 3.0-SNAPs (started Q1 1997)
+ |
+ |
+ 3.0.0-RELEASE (Oct 1998)
+ |
+ | [3.0-stable]
+ *BRANCH* 3.0.1 (Feb 1999) -> ... future 3.0.x releases ...
+ |
+ |
+ \|/
+ +
+ [3.1-current continues]
+</verb>
+
+ <p>-current ³o­Ó¤À¤ä¥¿½wºC¦a´Â¦V 3.0.1 ¥H¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥»«e¶iµÛ, ¦Ó¤§«eªº
+ 2.2-stable ¤À¤ä«hÀHµÛ 2.2.8 ªºµoªí¦Ó¥\¦¨¨­°h¡C3.0-current ±N·|¦¨¬°¥D­n
+ ªºµo®i½u, ª½¨ì 1999 ¦~ªì 3.0.1 µoªí¬°¤î¡C¨ì¨º­Ó®É­Ô, 3.0 ´N·|¦¨¬°¥t¤@
+ ­Ó¤À¤ä, ¦Ó 3.1-current «hÅܦ¨¤U¤@­Ó "current ¤À¤ä"¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·sªº FreeBSD ±N©ó¤°»ò®É­Ô±À¥X ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥, ·í FreeBSD core team »{¬°¤w¸g²Ö¿n¤F¨¬°÷¦hªº·s¥\¯à©M¿ù»~­×
+ ¥¿, ¦Ó¥B³o¨Ç§ó°Ê¨Ã¤£¼vÅT¨t²Îí©w«×ªº®É­Ô, ¥L­Ì¤~·|±À¥X·sª©ªº FreeBSD¡C
+ ÁöµMµ¥«Ý³o¨Ç¦nªF¦èªº®É¶¡¥O¤H¦³ÂIªq³à, ¦ý¬O¤j¦h¼Æªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£»{¬°³oºØÂÔ·V
+ ªººA«×¬O FreeBSD ³Ì¦nªº³¡¥÷¤§¤@¡C
+
+ <p>¥­§¡¦Ó¨¥, §Ú­Ì¨C¥|­Ó¤ëµo¦æ¤@¦¸ release¡C
+
+ <p>¬°¤Fº¡¨¬¨º¨Ç»Ý­n (©Î·Q­n) ¨ë¿Eªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ, ³q±` SNAP ªºµoªí¬O¬Û·íÀWÁc
+ ªº, ¯S§O¬O¦b release µoªí¤§«e¤@­Ó¤ë¥ª¥k¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¥u¯à¦b PC ¤W¨Ï¥Î¶Ü ?</heading>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD 3.x ¥Ø«e¥i¥H¦b
+ <url url="../alpha/alpha.html" name="DEC Alpha"> ¤W¨Ï¥Î, ´N¹³¦b x86 ¬[
+ ºc¤U¨Ï¥Î¤@¼Ë¡C§Ú­Ì¹ï²¾´Ó¨ì SPARC ¤W¤]¦³¬Û·íªº¿³½ì, ¤£¹L³o³¡¥÷ªº­pµeÁÙ
+ ¨S¦³§¹¥þ©ú®Ô¤Æ¡C
+
+ ¦pªG±zªº¾÷¾¹¤£¬O¥H¤W³o¨Ç¬[ºc, ¦Ó¥B±z²{¦b´N­nªº¸Ü, §Ú­Ì«ØÄ³±z°Ñ¦Ò
+ <url url="http://www.netbsd.org/" name="NetBSD"> ©Î¬O
+ <url url="http://www.openbsd.org/" name="OpenBSD">¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>½Ö­t³d FreeBSD ªºµo®i ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG¬O¤@¨Ç¦³Ãö FreeBSD ­pµeªºÃöÁä©Ê¨M©w, ¹³¬O¾ã­Ó­pµeªº¨«¦V©Î¬O¨M
+ ©w½Ö¥i¥H§ï source tree ¸Ìªºµ{¦¡½X³oÃþªº¨Æ, ¬O¥Ñ¤@­Ó¬ù 15 ­Ó¤H©Ò²Õ¦¨ªº
+ <url url="../handbook/staff:core.html" name="core team"> ¨Ó¨M©w¡C¦Ó¦³
+ ¥t¤@¸s¬ù 100 ­Ó¤H¦³Åv§Q¥i¥Hª½±µ­×§ï FreeBSD ªº source tree¡C
+
+ <p>µL½×¦p¦ó, ¤j¦h¼Æªº§ïÅܳ£·|¨Æ«e¦b
+ <ref id="mailing" name="mailing lists"> ¥ý°Q½×¹L, ¦Ó¥B¨C­Ó¤H³£¥i¥H°Ñ»P
+ °Q½×¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n¦p¦ó¨ú±o FreeBSD ?<label id="where-get"></heading>
+
+ <p>¨C­Ó FreeBSD ªº­«­nª©¥»³£¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ°Î¦W ftp ±q
+ <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/" name="FreeBSD FTP site">
+ ¨ú±o¡C
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>¦pªG¬O¥Ø«eªº 2.2-stable release, 2.2.8R, ½Ð¬Ý
+ <url url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG/pub/FreeBSD/2.2.8-RELEASE/"
+ name="2.2.8-RELEASE"> ³o­Ó¥Ø¿ý¡C
+
+ <item>¦pªG¬O¥Ø«eªº 3.0-current release, 3.0-SNAP, ½Ð¬Ý
+ <url url="ftp://current.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/" name="3.0"> ³o­Ó¥Ø
+ ¿ý¡C
+
+ <item>ÀHµÛ RELENG_2_2 ¤À¤ä («á¨Óªº 2.2.8) ºCºC¦a¶i¤JºûÅ@¶¥¬q, §Ú­Ì¨C
+ ¤Ñ³£·|µo¦æ <url url="ftp://releng22.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/"
+ name="2.2 Snapshot">¡C§Ú­Ì¥Ø«e¥¿§´µ½ºûÅ@µÛ RELENG_2_2 ³o­Ó¤À¤ä, °£«D
+ ¹ï¨t²Î¦w¥þ©Î¬O¨t²Îªº¥i¾a©Ê¦³©Ò¼W±j, §_«h§Ú­Ì±N¤£¦A§ó°Ê¡C
+
+ <item><ref id="current" name="-current"> ¤À¤ä¤]¬O¨C¤Ñ±À¥X
+ <url url="ftp://current.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/"
+ name="3.0 Snapshot">, ¯Âºé¬O¬°¤F¼ö¤ßªº´ú¸ÕªÌ¥H¤Îµo®i¤H­û©Ò´£¨Ñªº¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ªº CDROM ¥i¥H±q¤U¦C¦a¤è¨ú±o :
+
+ <p>Walnut Creek CDROM<newline>
+ 4041 Pike Lane, Suite F<newline>
+ Concord, CA 94520 USA<newline>
+ Orders: +1 800 786-9907<newline>
+ Questions: +1 925 674-0783<newline>
+ FAX: +1 925 674-0821<newline>
+ email: <url url="mailto:orders@cdrom.com" name="WC Orders address">
+ <newline>
+ WWW: <url url="http://www.cdrom.com/" name="WC Home page">
+ <newline>
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z¦b¿D¬w, ±z¥i¥H§ä :
+
+ <p>Advanced Multimedia Distributors<newline>
+ Factory 1/1 Ovata Drive<newline>
+ Tullamarine, Melbourne<newline>
+ Victoria<newline>
+ Australia<newline>
+ Voice: +61 3 9338 6777<newline>
+
+ CDROM Support BBS<newline>
+ 17 Irvine St<newline>
+ Peppermint Grove WA 6011<newline>
+ Voice: +61 9 385-3793<newline>
+ Fax: +61 9 385-2360<newline>
+
+ ¦b­^°ê :
+
+ The Public Domain &amp; Shareware Library<newline>
+ Winscombe House, Beacon Rd<newline>
+ Crowborough<newline>
+ Sussex. TN6 1UL<newline>
+ Voice: +44 1892 663-298<newline>
+ Fax: +44 1892 667-473<newline>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¦b¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì¦³Ãö FreeBSD mailing lists ªº¸ê°T ?<label id="mailing">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>±z¥i¥H¦b <url url="../handbook/eresources:mail.html"
+ name="¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U - mailing-lists"> ¤¤§ä¨ì§¹¾ãªº¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦³¤°»ò°Q½× FreeBSD ªº·s»D°Q½×¸s²Õ¶Ü ?</heading>
+
+ <p>±z¥i¥H¦b <url url="../handbook/eresources:news.html"
+ name="¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U - ·s»D°Q½×¸s²Õ"> ¤¤§ä¨ì§¹¾ãªº¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ ¦³±Mªù°Q½× FreeBSD ªº IRC ÀW¹D¶Ü ?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¬Oªº, ¤j³¡¥÷¥D­nªº IRC ºô¸ô¥D¾÷³£´£¨Ñ¤F FreeBSD ªº²á¤ÑÀW¹D :
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>EFNet ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <tt>&num;FreeBSD</tt> ÀW¹D¬O¤@­Ó FreeBSD ªº½×
+ ¾Â, ¦ý¬O±z¥i¯àµLªk±q¨ºÃä±o¨ì§Þ³N¤è­±ªº¤ä´©, ±z¤]§O·Q¦b¨ºÃä§ä¨ì¥ô¦ó
+ ¤H¥i¥HÀ°±zÁ×§K±¼¾\Ū man page ¥H¤Î¦Û¤v¬ã¨sªºµh­W¡C¨º¬O¤@­Ó¥H²á¤Ñ¬°
+ ¥DªºÀW¹D, ¦b¨ºÃä²á¨ì FreeBSD ©M²á¨ì©Ê¡B¹B°Ê¡B¥H¤Î®Ö¤lªZ¾¹ªº¾÷·|¬O
+ ¤@¼Ë°ªªº¡C
+ §Ú­Ì¤w¸gĵ§i¹L±z¤F¡C
+ ±z¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ <tt>irc.chat.org</tt> ¨Ó³s½u¡C
+
+ <item>DALNET ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <tt>&num;FreeBSD</tt> ÀW¹D, ¦b¬ü°ê¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ
+ <tt>irc.dal.net</tt> ¨Ó³s½u, ¦b¼Ú¬w¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ <tt>irc.eu.dal.net</tt>
+ ¨Ó³s½u¡C
+
+ <item>UNDERNET ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <tt>&num;FreeBSD</tt> ÀW¹D, ¦b¬ü°ê¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ
+ <tt>us.undernet.org</tt> ¨Ó³s½u, ¦b¼Ú¬w¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ
+ <tt>eu.undernet.org</tt> ¨Ó³s½u¡C
+
+ <item>³Ì«á, ±z¤]¥i¥H¥[¤J BSDNET ©Ò´£¨Ñªº <tt>&num;FreeBSD</tt> ÀW
+ ¹D, ³o¬O¤@­Ó¤p«¬ªº BSD ±M¥Î²á¤Ñºô¸ô, ¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ
+ <tt>irc.FreeBSD.org</tt> ¨Ó³s½u¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>¥H¤Wªº³o¨ÇÀW¹D³£¬O¤£¦Pªº, ¦Ó¥B¥¦­Ì¨Ã¨S¦³¤¬¬Û³s³q¡C¥¦­Ì²á¤Ñªº¤è¦¡¤]
+ ¤£¾¨¬Û¦P, ©Ò¥H±z¥i¯à¨C­Ó³£­n¥hÀ|¸Õ¤@¤U, ¥H§ä¨ì³Ì¾A¦X±zªºÀW¹D¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¬ÛÃö®ÑÄy</heading>
+
+ <p>±z©Î³\¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý <tt>doc</tt> mailing list :
+ <url url="mailto:freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG"
+ name="&lt;freebsd-doc@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;"> ¤Wªº FreeBSD ¤å¥ó­pµe (¦pªG±z
+ ¯à¥[¤J³o¬O­pµe¨º¬O¦A¦n¤£¹Lªº¤F)¡C³o­Ó mailing list ¬O¥Î¨Ó°Q½× FreeBSD
+ ¤å¥óªº¡C¦pªG±z·Q­nµo°Ý°ÝÃDªº¸Ü, §Ú­Ì¤]¦³ <tt>questions</tt> mailing
+ list :
+ <url url="mailto:freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG"
+ name="&lt;freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.ORG&gt;"> ¡C
+
+ <p>±z¤]¥i¥H±q
+ <url url="../handbook/handbook.html" name="FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U">
+ ¨ú±o FreeBSD "¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U"¡C½Ðª`·N, ³o¥÷¤å¥ó¤´³B©ó»s§@¶¥¬q, ¦³«Ü¦h³¡¥÷³£
+ ÁÙ¨S¦³§¹¦¨¡C
+
+ <p>¦³Ãö FreeBSD ªº®ÑÄy¤¤, ³Ì¦nªºÀ³¸Ó´N¬O Greg Lehey µÛ§@, Walnut Creek
+ CDROM Books ¥Xª©ªº "The Complete FreeBSD" ¤F¡C²{¦b³o¥»®Ñ¤w¸g¥X¨ì²Ä¤Gª©
+ ¤F, Á`¦@ 1750 ­¶¥ª¥k, ¤º®e¥]¬A¦w¸Ë, ¨t²ÎºÞ²z«ü¾É, µ{¦¡¦w¸Ë¨ó§U, ¥H¤Î
+ manual pages¡C³o¥»®Ñ (¥H¤Î³Ì·sª©ªº FreeBSD release) ¥i¥H¦V
+ <url url="http://www.cdrom.com" name="Walnut Creek">,
+ <url url="http://www.cheapbytes.com" name="CheapBytes">, ©Î¬O¥ô¦ó¤@¶¡
+ ±z³ßÅwªº®Ñ§½­qÁÊ¡C¥Lªº ISBN ¸¹½X¬O 1-57176-227-2¡C
+
+ <p>µM¦Ó, ¦]¬° FreeBSD 2.2.X ¬O¥H 4.4BSD-Lite2 ¬°°ò¦¨Óµo®iªº¨t²Î, ©Ò¥H
+ ¤j³¡¥÷ 4.4BSD ªº¤â¥U³£¾A¥Î©ó FreeBSD 2.2.X¡CO'Reilly and Associates
+ ¥Xª©¤F¤U¦C¤â¥U :
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>4.4BSD System Manager's Manual <newline>
+ By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <newline>
+ 1st Edition June 1994, 804 pages <newline>
+ <url url="&isbn.amazon/1-56592-080-5" name="ISBN">: 1-56592-080-5 <newline>
+
+ <item>4.4BSD User's Reference Manual <newline>
+ By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <newline>
+ 1st Edition June 1994, 905 pages <newline>
+ <url url="&isbn.amazon/1-56592-075-9" name="ISBN">: 1-56592-075-9 <newline>
+
+ <item>4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents <newline>
+ By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <newline>
+ 1st Edition July 1994, 712 pages <newline>
+ <url url="&isbn.amazon/1-56592-076-7" name="ISBN">: 1-56592-076-7 <newline>
+
+ <item>4.4BSD Programmer's Reference Manual <newline>
+ By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <newline>
+ 1st Edition June 1994, 886 pages <newline>
+ <url url="&isbn.amazon/1-56592-078-3" name="ISBN">: 1-56592-078-3 <newline>
+
+ <item>4.4BSD Programmer's Supplementary Documents <newline>
+ By Computer Systems Research Group, UC Berkeley <newline>
+ 1st Edition July 1994, 596 pages <newline>
+ <url url="&isbn.amazon/1-56592-079-1" name="ISBN">: 1-56592-079-1 <newline>
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>±z¥i¥H¦b WWW ¤W§ä¨ì¬ÛÃö¤¶²Ð :
+
+ <url url="http://gnn.com/gnn/bus/ora/category/bsd.html"
+ name="4.4BSD books description">¡C¦]¬°¾P°â±¡§Î¨Ã¤£¬O«Ü¦n, ©Ò¥H±z¥i¯à«Ü
+ Ãø¥h¨ú±o³o¨Ç®ÑÄy¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z·Q¹ï 4.4BSD ªº®Ö¤ß¬[ºc¦³§ó²`¼hªº»{ÃÑ, ±zµ´¤£¯à¿ù¹L³o¥»®Ñ :
+
+ <p>McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
+ and John Quarterman.<newline>
+
+ <p><em>The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
+ System</em>. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1996.<newline>
+ <url url="&isbn.amazon/0-201-54979-4" name="ISBN"> 0-201-54979-4<newline>
+
+ <p>¤@¥»¦³Ãö¨t²ÎºÞ²zªº¦n®Ñ :
+
+ <p>Evi Nemeth, Garth Snyder, Scott Seebass &amp; Trent R. Hein,<newline>
+ ``Unix System Administration Handbook'', Prentice-Hall, 1995<newline>
+ <url url="&isbn.amazon/0-13-151051-7" name="ISBN">: 0-13-151051-7<newline>
+
+ <p><bf/NOTE/ ½Ð½T»{±z¶R¨ìªºªº½T¬O²Ä¤Gª©, ¥¦¬O¬õ¦â®Ñ¥Öªº, ²Ä¤@ª©ªº¤£¬O¡C
+
+ <p>³o¥»®Ñ²[»\¤F¤@¨Ç°ò¦ªºªF¦è, ¥]¬A TCP/IP, DNS, NFS, SLIP/PPP,
+ sendmail, INN/NNTP, printing, µ¥¡C³o¥»®ÑÆZ¶Qªº (¤j¬ù
+ US&dollar;45-&dollar;55) , ¤£¹L¥¦ªº½T¦³³o­Ó»ù­È¡C¥¦¤]ªþ¤F¤@¤ù¤º§t¤@¨Ç
+ ¤u¨ãµ{¦¡­ì©l½Xªº CDROM ; ¤j³¡¥÷ªºªF¦è¦b FreeBSD 2.2.6R ªº CDROM ¸Ì¤]¦³ (
+ ³q±` FreeBSD CROM ¸Ìªº¬O¤ñ¸û·sª©ªº) ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n¦p¦ó¥h¦s¨ú±z­Ìªº¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w©O ?</heading>
+
+ <p>©Ò¦³¨Ï¥ÎªÌ open ªºÅܧó­n¨D³£¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ§Ú­Ì web ¬É­±ªº PR
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/send-pr.html" name="submission"> ¤Î
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr-summary.cgi" name="query">
+ ¨Ó¬d¸ß (©Î¬O¦^³ø) §Ú­Ìªº¿ù»~¦^³ø¸ê®Æ®w¡C<em>send-pr(1)</em> ³o­Ó«ü¥O¤]
+ ¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ¹q¤l¶l¥ó¨Ó¦^³ø¿ù»~©Î¬O­n¨DÅܧó¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì ASCII ©Î¬O PostScript ª©ªº FAQ ?</heading>
+
+ <p>³Ì·sªº FAQ ¥i¥H±q FreeBSD ºô¯¸©Î¬O¥ô¦ó¤@­Ó mirror ¯¸»O¨ú±o, ¤£½×¬O
+ PostScript ©Î¬O¯Â¤å¦rªº (¥]¬A 7 bit ASCII ¥H¤Î 8-bit Latin1) ³£¦³¡C
+
+ <p>PostScript ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 370KB):
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="http://www.freebsd.org/FAQ/FAQ.ps"
+ name="http://www.freebsd.org/FAQ/FAQ.ps">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>ASCII ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 220KB):
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="http://www.freebsd.org/FAQ/FAQ.ascii"
+ name="http://www.freebsd.org/FAQ/FAQ.ascii">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>ISO 8859-1 ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 220KB):
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="http://www.freebsd.org/FAQ/FAQ.latin1"
+ name="http://www.freebsd.org/FAQ/FAQ.latin1">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¨º¸Ì¥i¥H§ä¨ì ASCII ©Î¬O PostScript ª©ªº¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U ?</heading>
+
+ <p>³Ì·sªº FAQ ¥i¥H±q FreeBSD ºô¯¸©Î¬O¥ô¦ó¤@­Ó mirror ¯¸»O¨ú±o, ¤£½×¬O
+ PostScript ©Î¬O¯Â¤å¦rªº (¥]¬A 7 bit ASCII ¥H¤Î 8-bit Latin1) ³£¦³¡C
+
+ <p>PostScript ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 1.7MB):
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/handbook.ps"
+ name="http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/handbook.ps">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>ASCII ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 1080KB):
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/handbook.ascii"
+ name="http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/handbook.ascii">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>ISO 8859-1 ®æ¦¡ (¤j¬ù 1080KB):
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/handbook.latin1"
+ name="http://www.freebsd.org/handbook/handbook.latin1">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>ASCII ª©ªº¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¤£¬O¯Â¤å¦rÀÉ !</heading>
+
+ <p>¬Oªº, ASCII ©M Latin1 ®æ¦¡ªº FAQ ¥H¤Î¨Ï¥Î¤â¥UÄY®æ¨Ó»¡¨Ã¤£¯àºâ¬O¯Â
+ ¤å¦rÀÉ ; ¥¦­Ì¥]§t¤F¤@¨Ç¦L¥X©³½u¥H¤Î­«ÂЦC¦Lªº±±¨î½X¥H«K¯àª½±µ¥ÑÂI¯x°}
+ ¦¡¦Lªí¾÷¿é¥X¡C¦pªG±z·Q§â¥¦­ÌÂন¤@¯ëªº¤å¦rÀɪº¸Ü, ¥i¥H§Q¥Î col :
+
+ <verb>
+ $ col -b < inputfile > outputfile
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú·Q¦¨¬° FreeBSD ªº mirror ¯¸»O !</heading>
+
+ <p>·íµM¥i¥H ! ¦³«Ü¦h¤èªk¥i¥H mirror §Ú­Ìªººô­¶¡C
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>§Q¥Î CVSUP : ±z¥i¥H§Q¥Î CVSUP ±q cvsup.freebsd.org ¨ú±o®æ¦¡¤Æ
+ ¹LªºÀɮסC±z¥u»Ý­n§â¤U­±³o¦æ¥[¤J±zªº cvsup ³]©wÀÉ :
+
+<verb>
+www release=current hostname=/home base=/usr/local/etc/cvsup
+prefix=/usr/local/www/data/www.freebsd.org delete old use-rel-suffix
+
+</verb>
+
+ <item>§Q¥Î rsync : ½Ð°Ñ¾\
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/internal/mirror.html"
+ name="the mirroring page"> ¥HÀò±o§ó¦h¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <item>§Q¥Î ftp mirror : ±z¥i¥H§Q¥Î±z³ßÅwªº ftp mirror ¤u¨ã±q FTP ¯¸
+ »O¤¤¨ú±oºô­¶¸ê®Æ¡C´N±q
+ ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-current/www ¶}©l§a¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú·Q­n½Ķ¤å¥ó</heading>
+
+ <p>¶â, §Ú­Ì¨S¯à¤Oµ¹±zÁ~¤ô, ¤£¹L¦pªG±z¯à´£¨Ñ½Ķ¦nªº¤å¥óªº¸Ü, §Ú­Ì·|°e
+ ±z CD ©Î¬O T-shirt , ¨Ã§â±z¥[¤J¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¸Ì Contributor ªº¦æ¦C¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¨ä¥L¸ê°T¨Ó·½</heading>
+
+ <p>¤U¦C newsgroups ¤¤¥]¬A¤F FreeBSD ¬ÛÃöªº°Q½× :
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item><url url="news:comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce"
+ name="comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce"> (moderated)
+
+ <item><url url="news:comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc"
+ name="comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.misc">
+
+ <item><url url="news:comp.unix.bsd.misc" name="comp.unix.bsd.misc">
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>ºô­¶¸ê·½ :
+
+ <itemize>
+ <item>The <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/" name="FreeBSD Home Page">.
+
+ <item><label id="pao">¦pªG±z¦³½¥¤W«¬¹q¸£ (laptop) ªº¸Ü, §O§Ñ¤F¥h¬Ý¬Ý
+ ¦ì©ó¤é¥»ªº
+ <url url="http://www.jp.FreeBSD.org/PAO/"
+ name="Tatsumi Hosokawa's Mobile Computing page"> ¡C
+
+ <item><label id="smp">SMP (¥­¦æ¦h³B²z¾¹¬[ºc) ªº¬ÛÃö¸ê°T½Ð¬Ý
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/~fsmp/SMP/SMP.html"
+ name="SMP support page"> ¡C
+
+ <item><label id="multimedia">¦³Ãö FreeBSD ¦h´CÅé¤è­±ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡, ½Ð¬Ý
+ <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/~faulkner/multimedia/mm.html"
+ name="multimedia"> ¡C¦pªG±z¹ï Bt848 ³o­Ó¼v¹³Â^¨ú´¹¤ù¯S§O¦³¿³½ìªº¸Ü,
+ ½Ð¬Ý<url url="http://www.freebsd.org/~ahasty/Bt848.html"
+ name="³o­Óºô­¶"> ¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¤]¦³¤@¤À«Ü§¹¾ãªº
+ <url url="../handbook/bibliography.html" name="°Ñ¦Ò®ÑÄy¦Cªí">, ¦pªG±z
+ ¥¿·Q¶R®Ñªº¸Ü, ³o³¡¥÷­È±o¤@¬Ý¡C
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/serial.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/serial.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5f0af4d7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/serial.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,489 @@
+<!-- $Id: serial.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by ijliao@dragon2.net -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.2 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>Serial ³q°T<label id="serial"></heading>
+
+ <p>³o¤@³¹¥D­n¬O¦b°Q½× FreeBSD ¤W¦³Ãö serial ³q°Tªº°ÝÃD¡C¦³Ãö PPP ¥H¤Î
+ SLIP ªº°ÝÃD¬O©ñ¦b <ref id="networking" name="ºô¸ô"> ³o¤@¸`¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»òª¾¹D FreeBSD ¬O¤£¬O¦³§ì¨ì§Úªº serial port ?</heading>
+
+ <p>·í FreeBSD ¶}¾÷ªº®É­Ô, ¥¦·|®Ú¾Ú±z¦b kernel ¤¤ªº³]©w¨Ó°»´ú±zªº
+ serial port¡C±z¥i¥H¦b³o¨Ç°T®§¥X²{ªº®É­ÔÀˬd, ¤]¥i¥H¦b¨t²Î¶}¾÷¤§«á¥Î
+ ¤U­±ªº«ü¥O¨ÓÆ[¹î :
+
+ <verb>
+ dmesg | grep sio
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¸Ì¦³¤@¨Ç¿é¥Xªº½d¨Ò :
+
+ <verb>
+ sio0 at 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 on isa
+ sio0: type 16550A
+ sio1 at 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa
+ sio1: type 16550A
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¥Nªí±z¦³¨â­Ó serial port¡C²Ä¤@­Ó port ¦û¥Î irq 4, port address ¬O
+ <tt/0x3f8/ , ¦Ó¥B¥Îªº¬O 16550A «¬ªº UART ´¹¤ù¡C²Ä¤G­Ó port ¥Îªº¬O¦P
+ «¬ªº´¹¤ù, ¤£¹L¥¦¦û¥Îªº¬O irq 3 , ¥¦ªº port address ¦b <tt/0x2f8/ ¡C
+ ¤º±µ¦¡ modem ¥d·|³Q¿ëÃѦ¨¬O serial port -- °ß¤@ªº®t§O´N¬O¸Ó port ¤W
+ Á`¬O±µ¤W modem ¦Ó¤w¡C
+
+ <p><tt/GENERIC/ kernel ¤ä´©¨â­Ó serial port , ¥¦­Ìªº³]©w­È´N¦p¦P¤W­±ªº
+ ½d¨Ò¤@¼Ë¡C¦pªG±z¨t²Î¤Wªº³]©w¤£¤@¼Ë, ©ÎªÌ±z¥t¥~±µ¤F¤º±µ¦¡ modem ¥d,
+ ©Î¬O±z¨t²Îªº¹ê»Ú serial port ¼Æ¤ñ±z¦b kernel ³]©w¤¤ªºÁÙ­n¦hªº¸Ü, ±z
+ ¥u­n­«·s«Ø¥ß kernel ´N¦n¤F¡C¸Ô±¡½Ð¬Ý <ref id="make-kernel"
+ name="¦p¦ó«Ø¥ß kernel"> ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»òª¾¹D FreeBSD ¬O¤£¬O¦³§ì¨ì§Úªº modem ¥d ?</heading>
+
+ <p>½Ð¬Ý¤W¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¤É¯Å¨ì 2.0.5 ¥H«á§Úªº <tt/tty0X/ ©~µM¤£¨£¤F !</heading>
+
+ <p>¤£­nºò±i, ¥¦­Ì¤w¸g³Q¨Ö¨ì <tt/ttydX/ ¸Ë¸m¤U¥h¤F¡C¤£¹L±zÁÙ¬O±o¨ì¦Û¤v
+ ­×§ï³]©wÀɤ~¯àÅý¥¦­Ì¥¿±`¤u§@¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n¦p¦ó¦b FreeBSD ¤U¦s¨ú seral ports ?</heading>
+
+ <p>²Ä¤T­Ó serial port, <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sio" name="sio2"> (´N¬O DOS
+ ¤Uªº COM3) , ¥H dial-out ¸Ë¸m¨Ó¬Ý¬O¦ì©ó <tt>/dev/cuaa2</tt> , ¦Ó¥H
+ dial-in ¸Ë¸m¨Ó¬Ý«h¬O¦ì©ó <tt>/dev/ttyd2</tt> ¡C³o¨â­Ó¸Ë¸m¦³¤°»ò¤£¦P
+ ©O ?
+
+ <p>±z¦b dial-in ®É¨Ï¥Îªº¬O <tt/ttydX/ ¡C·í±z¥Î block ¼Ò¦¡¶}±Ò
+ <tt>/dev/ttydX</tt> ®É, ·|¦³¤@°¦ process ¦b¹ïÀ³ªº <tt/cuaaX/ ¤Wµ¥¥¦
+ Åܦ¨ inactive , µM«á¤@ª½µ¥¨ì carrier detect line Åܦ¨ active ¬°¤î¡C
+ ·í±z¶}±Ò <tt/cuaaX/ ¸Ë¸m®É, ¥¦·|¥h½T©w¥Ø«e <tt/ttydX/ ¸Ë¸m¬O¤£¬O¥¿
+ ¦b¨Ï¥Î serial port¡C¦pªG¥¦¥i¥H¥Îªº¸Ü, ¥¦´N·|§â serial port ±q
+ <tt/ttydX/ ¸Ë¸m¤â¤¤·m¹L¨Ó¡C¦P¼Ëªº, <tt/cuaXX/ ¸Ë¸m¤£·|¥hºÞ carrier
+ detect¡C¦³¤F³o¼Ëªº³]­p, ¦A¥[¤W¤@¥x·|¦Û°Ê¦^À³ªº modem, ±z´N¥i¥H¥O¦P
+ ¤@¥x modem ¥i¥H³Q»·ºÝ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ®³¨Óµn¤J, ±z¦Û¤v¤]¥i¥H®³¨Ó dialout, ¨t²Î
+ ·|¦Û°ÊÀˬd¬O§_¦³½Ä¬ðªº²{¶H¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n¦p¦ó±Ò°Ê¹ï serial ¦h°ð¥dªº¤ä´© ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦P¼Ëªº, ¦b kernel ³]©w¨º¤@¸`¦³´£¨ì¦³Ãö³]©w kernel ªº¸ê°T¡C­n³]©w¤@
+ ±i serial ¦h°ð¥d, ±z¥²»Ý¦b±zªº kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤¬°¨C¤@­Ó serial port
+ ³£³]¤@¦æ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sio"
+ name="sio"> ªº³]©w¡C¦ý¬O±z¥u¯à¦b¥¦­Ì¤§¤¤¿ï¤@­Ó¨Ó³]©w irq ¥H¤Î
+ vector ¡C¥d¤Wªº©Ò¦³ port ·|¦@¨É¦P¤@­Ó irq ¡C¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡§Ú­Ì³£§â¥¦³]¦b³Ì
+ «á¤@­Ó serial port ¤W¡C¤£­n§Ñ¤F«ü©w <tt/COM&lowbar;MULTIPORT/ ³o­Ó
+ option ¡C
+
+ <p>¤U­±¬O¤@­Ó§â AST 4-port ¥d ³]¦b irq 7 ªº¨Ò¤l :
+
+ <verb>
+ options "COM_MULTIPORT"
+ device sio4 at isa? port 0x2a0 tty flags 0x781
+ device sio5 at isa? port 0x2a8 tty flags 0x781
+ device sio6 at isa? port 0x2b0 tty flags 0x781
+ device sio7 at isa? port 0x2b8 tty flags 0x781 irq 7 vector siointr
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¸Ìªº flags ³]©w¬O«ü master port ªº minor number ¬O 7
+ (<tt/0x700/), ¦b°»´ú®É°µÀˬd (<tt/0x080/), ¥H¤Î©Ò¦³ªº port ¦@¨É¤@­Ó
+ irq (<tt/0x001/) ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¥i¥H±±¨î¦h±i serial ¦h°ð¥d¨Ï¥Î¦P¤@­Ó irq ¶Ü ?</heading>
+
+ <p>ÁÙ¨S¤ä´©¡C±z¥²»Ý¬°¨C±i¥d³]©w¤£¦Pªº irq ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¥i¥H¬° port ³]©w¹w³]°Ñ¼Æ¶Ü ?</heading>
+
+ <p>³q±`±z·|·Q¬°±zªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¶}±Ò <tt/ttydX/ (©Î¬O <tt/cuaaX/) ¸Ë¸m¡C·í
+ ¤@­Ó process ¶}±Ò¸Ë¸m¥H«á, ¥¦·|¦³¤@²Õ¹w³]ªº²×ºÝ¾÷ I/O ³]©w¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î
+ ¤U­±³o­Ó«ü¥O¨ÓÆ[¹î³o¨Ç³]©w
+
+ <verb>
+ stty -a -f /dev/ttyd1
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>·í±z§ïÅܤF¬Y­Ó¸Ë¸mªº³]©w«á, ³o¨Ç³]©w·|¤@ª½§@¥Î, ª½¨ì³o­Ó¸Ë¸m³QÃö³¬
+ ¤F¬°¤î¡C·í¥¦³Q­«¶}±Ò«á, ¤S¦^¨ì­ì¥ýªº¹w³]­È¤F¡C¦pªG·Q­n§ïÅܹw³]­È, ±z
+ ¥i¥H¶}±Ò¨Ã­×§ï ``ªì©lª¬ºA'' ¸Ë¸mªº³]©w¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡, ¦pªG±z·Q§ïÅÜ ttyd5
+ ªº¹w³]­È, §â <tt/CLOCAL/ ¼Ò¦¡¥´¶}, 8 bits, ¨Ã¥B¨Ï¥Î
+ <tt>XON/XOFF</tt> ¬y¶q±±¨î, ±z¥i¥H³o¼Ë°µ :
+
+ <verb>
+ stty -f /dev/ttyid5 clocal cs8 ixon ixoff
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>±z¥i¥H¦b <tt>/etc/rc.serial</tt> ¸Ì°µ³o¼Ëªº³]©w¡C²{¦b¨C¤@­Ó¶}±Ò
+ <tt/ttyd5/ ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡³£·|¹w³]¨Ï¥Î³o¨Ç³]©w¤F¡C±z¨ÌµM¥i¥H¥Î¦P¼Ëªº¤èªk
+ ¥h§ïÅܳo¨Ç³]©w¡C
+
+ <p>±z¤]¥i¥HÂǥѳ]©w ``Âê©wª¬ºA'' ¸Ë¸m¨Ó¨¾¤î¨ä¥LÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡¥h§ó°Ê³o¨Ç³]©w
+ ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡, ·Q­n§â <tt/ttyd5/ ªº³t«×Âê©w¦b 57600 bps, ±z­n³o¼Ë°µ
+
+ <verb>
+ stty -f /dev/ttyld5 57600
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¼Ë¤@¨Ó, ¨C¤@­Ó¶}±Ò <tt/ttyd5/ ªºÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡³£¥u¯à¨Ï¥Î 57600 bps ªº³t
+ «×¤F¡C
+
+ <p>·íµM, ±z¥²»Ý½T©w±zªºªì©lª¬ºA¥H¤ÎÂê©wª¬ºAªº¸Ë¸m¥u¯à³Q <tt/root/ ¼g¤J
+ ¡C<htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?MAKEDEV"
+ name="MAKEDEV"> ³o­Ó script ¨Ã <bf/¤£·|/ ¦b«Ø¥ß³o¨Ç¸Ë¸m®É¦Û°ÊÀ°±z³]
+ ©w¦n¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç¼Ë¤~¯àÅý modem ±µ¨ü dialup µn¤J©O ?</heading>
+
+ <p>±z¬O¤£¬O·Q·í ISP ? ­º¥ý, ±z­n¦³¤@³¡¥H¤W¥i¥H¦Û°Ê±µÅ¥ªº modem¡C±zªº
+ modem ¥²¶·­n¦³ carrier-detect ªº¥\¯à¡C¥¦¤]­n¯à°÷¦b data terminal
+ ready (<tt/DTR/) ¥Ñ¶}ÂରÃö®É­«·s³]©w¦Û¤v¡C¥¦©Î³\¤]­n¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î
+ <tt>RTS/CTS</tt> ¬y¶q±±¨î©Î¬O¤£°µ¥ô¦ó¬y¶q±±¨î¡C³Ì«á, ¥¦¥²¶·¯à°÷¦b¹q
+ ¸£©M¥¦¦Û¤vªº¶Ç¿é¤¤¨Ï¥Î©w³t, ¦ý¬O¦b¥¦©M»·ºÝ modem ªº³s½u¤è­±«h­n¦³¨ó
+ °Ó¶Ç¿é³t«×ªº¯à¤O¡C
+
+ <p>¹ï Hayes «ü¥O¶°¬Û®e modem ¨Ó»¡, ¤U­±ªº«ü¥O·|§â¤W¤@¬q©ÒÁ¿ªº¥þ³¡³]¦n
+ ¨Ã¦s¦b«D´§µo©Ê°O¾ÐÅ餤 :
+
+ <verb>
+ AT &amp;C1 &amp;D3 &amp;K3 &amp;Q6 S0=1 &amp;W
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¬Ý¬Ý¤U­±ªº <ref id="direct-at" name="¶Ç°e AT «ü¥O¶°"> ³o¤@¸`¥i¥H±o
+ §ó¦h¦³Ãö¦p¦ó¤£§Q¥Î MS-DOS ²×ºÝµ{¦¡¨Ó°µ³o¨Ç³]©wªº¸ê®Æ¡C
+
+ <p>±µ¤U¨Ó, ¦b <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys"
+ name="/etc/ttys"> ¬°±zªº modem °µ³]©w¡C¦C¦b³o­ÓÀɮפ¤ªº¬O©Ò¦³¨t²Î·|
+ «Ý login ªº ports ¡C¹³¤U­±³o¼Ë¥[¤J¤@¦æ :
+
+ <verb>
+ ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.57600" dialup on insecure
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¤@¦æ«ü¥O²Ä¤G­Ó serial port (<tt>/dev/ttyd1</tt>) ¬O¤@­Ó¥H 57600
+ bps ³t«×¦b¶Ç¿éªº modem, ¨Ã¥B¤£°µ¦P¦ìÀˬd (<tt/std.57600/ ¬O¦b
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?gettytab"
+ name="/etc/gettytab"> Àɸ̫ü©wªº) ¡C³o­Ó port ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¬O
+ ``dialup'' ¡C³o­Ó port ³]¦¨ ``on'' ¦Ó¥B¬O ``insecure'' ªº --- ·N«ä¬O
+ root ¤£¯à±q³o¸Ì³s½u¶i¨Ó¡C±z¥²»Ý¬°¨C­Ó dialin port ³£°µÃþ¦ü
+ <tt/ttydX/ ªº³]©w¡C
+
+ <p>³q±`§Ú­Ì·|¥Î ``dialup'' ¨Ó°µ¬°²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¡C¦pªG¨Ï¥ÎªÌµn¤J®Éªº±Ò©l«¬
+ ºA¬O dialup ªº¸Ü, «Ü¦h¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£·|¦b¥L­Ìªº .profile ©Î¬O .login Àɤ¤³]
+ ©w¥L­Ì¯u¥¿ªº²×ºÝ¾÷«¬ºA¡C¤W­±ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤§Ú­ÌÁ|ªº¬O insecure ªº¨Ò¤l¡C¦pªG
+ ±z·Q­n¦b³o­Ó port Åܦ¨ root ªº¸Ü, ±z¥²¶·¥Î¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¨­¥÷µn¤J, µM«á
+ ``<htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?su" name="su">''
+ ¦¨ <tt/root/ ¡C¦pªG±z¥Îªº¬O ``secure'' ªº¸Ü, «h <tt/root/ ¥i¥Hª½±µµn
+ ¤J¡C
+
+ <p>¦b¹ï <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys"
+ name="/etc/ttys"> °µ¹L­×§ï¤§«á, ±z¥²¶·°e¤@­Ó hangup ©Î¬O <tt/HUP/
+ ªº signal µ¹ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?init"
+ name="init"> process :
+
+ <verb>
+ kill -HUP 1
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¼Ë·|±j­¢ init process ¥h­«Åª <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys" name="/etc/ttys"> ¡C
+ µM«á init process ´N·|¦b©Ò¦³ªº ``on'' port ¤W­«·s±Ò°Ê getty
+ process ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î¤U¦C«ü¥O¨ÓÀˬd±zªº port ¬O¤£¬O¥i¥H login ¤F
+
+ <verb>
+ ps -ax | grep '[t]tyd1'
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>±z·|¨£¨ìÃþ¦ü³o¼Ëªºµ²ªG :
+
+ <verb>
+ 747 ?? I 0:00.04 /usr/libexec/getty std.57600 ttyd1
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»ò§â dumb terminal ³s¤W FreeBSD ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z­n§â§Oªº¹q¸£·í¦¨¬O FreeBSD ªº²×ºÝ¾÷ªº¸Ü, ±z¥u»Ý­n¦b¨âªÌªº
+ serial port ¤§¶¡²o¤@±ø null modem ±Æ½u§Y¥i¡C¦pªG±z¦³¤@­Ó¯uªº²×ºÝ¾÷
+ ªº¸Ü, ¬Ý¬Ý¥¦ªº«ü¥O¶°§a¡C
+
+ <p>µM«á, ¹³¤W¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¤@¼Ë­×§ï
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys"
+ name="/etc/ttys"> ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡, ¦pªG±z§â¤@­Ó WYSE-50 ²×ºÝ¾÷±µ¦b²Ä¤­­Ó
+ serial port ¤Wªº¸Ü, ´N­n¥Î³o¼Ëªº³]©w :
+
+ <verb>
+ ttyd4 "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400" wyse50 on secure
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó¨Ò¤l¥Ü½dªº¬O <tt>/dev/ttyd4</tt> ©Ò¥Nªíªº port ¥Îªº¬O wyse50 ²×
+ ºÝ¾÷, ³s½u³t«× 38400 bps, ¤£¨Ï¥Î¦P¦ìÀˬd (<tt/std.38400/ ¬O±q
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?gettytab"
+ name="/etc/gettytab"> ³]©wªº) ¦Ó¥B <tt/root/ ¥i¥H login (secure) ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à°õ¦æ <tt/tip/ ¤Î <tt/cu/ ©O ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦b±zªº¨t²Î¤¤, <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip"
+ name="tip"> ©M <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?cu"
+ name="cu"> «Ü¥i¯à¥u¯à¥Ñ <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?uucp" name="uucp"> ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©M
+ <tt/dialer/ ¸s²Õ¤~¯à°õ¦æ¡C±z¥i¥H¥Î <tt/dialer/ ¸s²Õ¨Ó±±¨î¨ì©³¦³½Ö¥i
+ ¥H¦s¨ú±zªº modem ¥H¤Î»·ºÝ¨t²Î¡C±z¥u­n§â±z¦Û¤v¥[¨ì dialer ¸s²Õ¤¤´N¥i
+ ¥H¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¥t¥~¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O, ±z¥i¥HÅý±z¨t²Î¤W©Ò¦³¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥H°õ¦æ <tt/tip/ ©M
+ <tt/cu/ , ¥u­n±z
+
+ <verb>
+ # chmod 4511 /usr/bin/cu
+ # chmod 4511 /usr/bin/tip
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD ¤£¤ä´©§Úªº stock Hayes modem --- §Ú­n«ç»ò¿ì ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¨Æ¹ê¤W, <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip"
+ name="tip"> ªº man page ¤w¸g¹L®É¤F¡C¤@¯ëªº Hayes dialer ¤w¸g¤º«Ø¦b¨t
+ ²Î¤º¡C±z¥u­n¦b <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote" name="/etc/remote">
+ «ü©w ``<tt/at=hayes/'' ´N¥i¥H¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¥i±¤ªº¬O, Hayes ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤£°÷Áo©ú, ¦³¨Ç·s modem ¤Wªº¶i¶¥¥\¯à¥¦µLªk
+ ¿ëÃÑ¥X¨Ó --- ¨Ò¦p <tt/BUSY/ , <tt/NO DIALTONE/ , ©Î¬O
+ <tt/CONNECT 115200/ ³oÃþªº°T®§¥¦´N·|·d²V¡C±z¦b¨Ï¥Î <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip" name="tip"> ªº®É­Ô¥²¶·
+ §â¥¦­ÌÃö±¼ (¥Î <tt/ATX0&amp;W/) ¡C
+
+ <p>ÁÙ¦³, <tt/tip/ ªº dial ¹O®É®É¶¡¬O 60 ¬í¡C±zªº modem ¥i¯à­n³]±o§óµu,
+ §_«h tip ·|»{¬°µo¥Í¤F³q°T¤Wªº°ÝÃD¡C¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý<tt/ATS7=45&amp;W/ ¡C
+
+ <p>¨Æ¹ê¤W <tt/tip/ ÁÙ¨S¦³§¹¥þ¤ä´©¥¦¡C¸Ñ¨M¤èªk¬O¥h­×§ï
+ <tt>/usr/src/usr.bin/tip/tip</tt> ¥Ø¿ý¸Ìªº <tt/tipconf.h/ ¡C«ÜÅãµM±z
+ ¥²¶·­n¦³­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¤~¯à³o»ò°µ¡C
+
+ <p>§â ``<tt/#define HAYES 0/'' §ï¦¨ ``<tt/#define HAYES 1/'' ¡CµM«á
+ ``<tt/make/'' ¨Ã ``<tt/make install/'' ¡C¤§«á¤@¤Á³£·|«ì´_¥¿±`¤F¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¤°»ò®É­Ô­nª½±µÁä¤J AT «ü¥O ?<label id="direct-at">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦b±zªº <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote"
+ name="/etc/remote"> Àɸ̥[¤@­Ó ``<tt/direct/'' ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡, ¦pªG±zªº
+ modem ³s±µ¦b²Ä¤@­Ó serial port, <tt>/dev/cuaa0</tt>, «h±z­n¥[¤J¤U­±
+ ³o¤@¦æ :
+
+ <verb>
+ cuaa0:dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#19200:pa=none
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦b br Äæ¤¤³]©w±z modem ©Ò¤ä´©ªº³Ì°ª³t¡C¤§«á, Áä¤J <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip" name="tip cuaa0"> ¤§«á
+ ±z´N³s¤W±zªº modem ¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG±zªº¨t²Î¤W¨S¦³ <tt>/dev/cuaa0</tt> , ±z´N¥ý³o¼Ë :
+
+ <verb>
+ # cd /dev
+ # ./MAKEDEV cuaa0
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>©Î¬O±z¥i¥H¥Î root °õ¦æ cu «ü¥O, ¹³³o¼Ë :
+
+ <verb>
+ # cu -l``line'' -s``speed''
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³o¸Ìªº line ¬O«ü±zªº serial port (¨Ò¦p <tt>/dev/cuaa0</tt>) , speed
+ ¬O«ü±zªº¶Ç¿é³t«× (¨Ò¦p <tt>57600</tt>) ¡C¦pªG±z¤U§¹ AT «ü¥O«á, Áä¤J
+ <tt>~.</tt> ¥i¥HÂ÷¶}¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>pn Äæ¤¤ªº <tt/@/ ¤£¯à¥Î¤F !</heading>
+
+ <p>¹q¸Ü¸¹½XÄæ¤¤ªº <tt/@/ °O¸¹¬O¥Î¨Ó§i¶D tip ¥h <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?phones(5)"
+ name="/etc/phones"> §ä¹q¸Ü¸¹½X¡C¦ý¬O <tt/@/ ¦P®É¤]¬O <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote" name="/etc/remote">
+ ³oÃþÀɮפ¤ªº¯S®í¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥H¥[¤W¤Ï±×½u :
+
+ <verb>
+ pn=\@
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»ò¦b©R¥O¦C¤U¼·¹q¸Ü©O ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦b±zªº <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote"
+ name="/etc/remote"> ©ñ¤@­Ó ``<tt/generic/''¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡ :
+
+ <verb>
+ tip115200|Dial any phone number at 115200 bps:\
+ :dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#115200:at=hayes:pa=none:du:
+ tip57600|Dial any phone number at 57600 bps:\
+ :dv=/dev/cuaa0:br#57600:at=hayes:pa=none:du:
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>µM«á±z´N¥i¥H¹³ ``<tt/tip -115200 5551234/'' ³o¼Ë¥Î¤F¡C¦pªG±z¤ñ¸û³ß
+ Åw¥Î <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?cu" name="cu">
+ ªº¸Ü, ¨Ï¥Î generic cu Äæ¦ì :
+
+ <verb>
+ cu115200|Use cu to dial any number at 115200bps:\
+ :dv=/dev/cuaa1:br#57600:at=hayes:pa=none:du:
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>µM«á¿é¤J ``<tt/cu 5551234 -s 115200/'' ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¨C¦¸¥Îªº®É­Ô³£­n¿é¤J bps ³t«×¶Ü ?</heading>
+
+ <p>±z¥i¥H¨Ï¥ÎÃþ¦ü <tt/tip1200/ ©Î¬O <tt/cu1200/ ªºÄæ¦ì, ¤£¹L¦b±z¨Ï¥Î¤§
+ «e½Ð¥ý½T©w±zªº br Äæ¥i¥H¤ä´©³o­Ó³t«×¡C<htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip" name="tip"> »{¬° 1200
+ bps ¬O¤@­Ó«Ü¦nªº¹w³]­È, ³o¤]´N¬O¬°¤°»ò­n¥s°µ ``<tt/tip1200/'' ªº­ì¦]
+ ¤F¡C·íµM±z¤]¥i¥H¤£­n¥Î 1200 bps ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>³z¹L¤@¥x terminal server ¨Ó¦s¨ú¥D¾÷¡C</heading>
+
+ <p>°£¤F¨C¦¸µ¥±z³s¤W server ¨ÃÁä¤J ``<tt/CONNECT &lt;host&gt;/'' ¥H¥~,
+ ¤ñ¸û¦nªº¤èªk¬O¥Î tip ªº <tt/cm/ ¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡, ¬Ý¬Ý <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote" name="/etc/remote"> :
+
+ <verb>
+ pain|pain.deep13.com|Forrester's machine:\
+ :cm=CONNECT pain\n:tc=deep13:
+ muffin|muffin.deep13.com|Frank's machine:\
+ :cm=CONNECT muffin\n:tc=deep13:
+ deep13:Gizmonics Institute terminal server:\
+ :dv=/dev/cua02:br#38400:at=hayes:du:pa=none:pn=5551234:
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¥i¥HÅý±z¥u¥´ ``<tt/tip pain/'' ©Î¬O ``<tt/tip muffin/'' ´N¥i¥H³s¤W
+ pain ©Î muffin ; µM«á ``<tt/tip deep13/'' ¥i¥H³s¤W terminal server¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>tip ¥i¥H¦b¤@¦¸³s½u¤¤¿ï¾Ü¦h¥x¾÷¾¹¶Ü ?</heading>
+
+ <p>³q±`³o­Ó°ÝÃDµo¥Í¦b : ¤@¶¡¤j¾Ç¦³¤@¨Ç modem , ¦Ó¥B¦³¤W¤d¦W¾Ç¥Í­n¥Î...
+
+ <p>¦b <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?remote"
+ name="/etc/remote"> ¸Ì¬°±zªº¤j¾Ç³]¤@­ÓÄæ¦ì, ¨Ã¨Ï¥Î <tt>\@</tt> §@¬°
+ ¥¦ªº <tt/pn/ :
+
+ <verb>
+ big-university:\
+ :pn=\@:tc=dialout
+ dialout:\
+ :dv=/dev/cuaa3:br#9600:at=courier:du:pa=none:
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>µM«á, §â¤j¾Çªº¼·±µ¹q¸Ü©ñ¦b <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?phones" name="/etc/phones">
+ ¤¤ :
+
+ <verb>
+ big-university 5551111
+ big-university 5551112
+ big-university 5551113
+ big-university 5551114
+ </verb>
+
+ <p><htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip" name="tip">
+ ·|¨Ì·Óªí¦Cªº¶¶§Ç¨Ì¦¸À|¸Õ, ³Ì«á©ñ±ó¡C¦pªG±z­n¤@ª½¸Õªº¸Ü, ±z¥i¥H¦b
+ while °j°é¸Ì°õ¦æ <tt/tip/ ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬°¤°»ò§Ú«ö¨â¦¸ CTRL+P, ¥i¬O«o¥u°e¥X¤F¤@­Ó CTRL+P ?</heading>
+
+ <p>CTRL+P ¬O¤º©wªº ``force'' ¦r¤¸, ¥Î¨Ó§i¶D <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip" name="tip"> ¤U¤@­Ó¦r¤¸
+ ¬O¤@¯ë¦r¤¸¡C±z¥i¥HÂÇ¥Ñ <tt/~s/ (¥Nªí ``³]©wÅܼÆ'') §â¨ä¥L¦r¤¸³]¦¨±j
+ ­¢¦r¤¸¡C
+
+ <p>Áä¤J ``<tt/~sforce=&lt;single-char&gt;/'' «á­±±µ¤@­Ó newline ¡C
+ <tt/&lt;single-char&gt;/ ¥i¥H¬O¥ô·N³æ¤@¦r¤¸¡C¦pªG±z¥u¥´
+ <tt/&lt;single-char&gt;/ , «h nul ´N³Q³]¦¨¬O force character, ±z¥i
+ ¥HÂǥѫö CTRL+2 ©Î¬O CTRL+SPACE ¨Ó«ö¥X nul ¡CSHIFT+CTRL+6 ¬O¤@­Ó¤£
+ ¿ùªº <tt/&lt;single-char&gt;/ , §Ú¬Ý¹L¤@¨Ç²×ºÝ¾÷³£¬O³o»ò³]©w¡C
+
+ <p>±z¤]¥i¥H¦b <tt>&dollar;HOME/.tiprc</tt> ¤¤³]©w force character :
+
+ <verb>
+ force=<single-char>
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬ðµM¶¡§Ú¥´ªºªF¦è³£Åܦ¨¤j¼g¤F ??</heading>
+
+ <p>±zÀ³¸Ó¬O«ö¨ì¤F CTRL+A, ¦b <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?tip" name="tip"> ¤¤¬°¨S¦³
+ caps-lock Á䪺¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ò³]­pªº ``raise character''¡C±z¥i¥H¹³¤W­Ó°ÝÃD
+ ¤@¼Ë§Q¥Î <tt/~s/ ¨Ó§â ``raisechar'' ³o­ÓÅܼƧ令¦X²zªº­È¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W,
+ ¦pªG±z»{¬°±z¥Ã»·³£¤£·|¥Î¨ì³o¨â­Ó¥\¯àªº¸Ü, ±z¥i¥H§â¥¦³]¦¨¸ò force
+ character ¤@¼Ë¡C
+
+ <p>¤U­±¬O¤@­Ó¬° Emacs ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ò³]©wªº .tiprc , Emacs ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±`±`·|¥Î¨ì
+ CTRL+2 ©M CTRL+A :
+
+ <verb>
+ force=^^
+ raisechar=^^
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>^^ ´N¬O SHIFT+CTRL+6 ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î <tt/tip/ ¨Ó¶ÇÀɮשO ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG±zªº¹ï¹³¤]¬O UNIX ¨t²Îªº¸Ü, ±z¥i¥H¥Î <tt/~p/ (put) ©M <tt/~t/
+ (take) ¨Ó¦¬°e¸ê®Æ¡C³o¨â­Ó©R¥O·|¦b»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹°õ¦æ <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?cat" name="cat"> ©M <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?echo" name="echo"> ¨Ó¦¬°eÀÉ
+ ®×¡C¥Îªk¬O :
+
+ <verb>
+ ~p <local-file> [<remote-file>]
+ ~t <remote-file> [<local-file>]
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¥¦¤£·|°µ¿ù»~Àˬd, ©Ò¥H±z³Ì¦n¥Î§Oªº³q°T¨ó©w, ¨Ò¦p zmodem ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»ò¥Î <tt/tip/ ¨Ó¶] zmodem ©O ?</heading>
+
+ <p>­º¥ý, ±q ports ¤¤¿ï¤@­Ó zmodem µ{¦¡¨Ó¦w ¸Ë (¨Ò¦p¦b comms ¥Ø¿ý¤Uªº
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^lrzsz"
+ name="lrzsz"> ©Î¬O <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?^rzsz" name="rzsz"> ) ¡C
+
+ <p>¦b±µ¦¬Àɮפ譱, ±z­n¥ý¦b»·ºÝ±Ò°Ê¶Ç°eµ{¦¡¡CµM«á«ö enter ¦AÁä¤J
+ ``<tt/~C rz/'' (¦pªG±z¦w¸Ë lrzsz ªº¸Ü´N­n¥´ ``<tt/~C lrz/'') ´N¥i¥H
+ ¶}©l±µ¦¬¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¦b¶Ç°eÀɮפ譱, ±z­n¥ý¦b»·ºÝ±Ò°Ê¶Ç°eµ{¦¡¡CµM«á«ö enter ¦AÁä¤J
+ ``<tt/~C sz &lt;files&gt;/'' (©Î¬O ``<tt/~C lsz &lt;files&gt;/'') ´N
+ ¥i¥H§âÀÉ®×°e¨ì»·ºÝ¨t²Î¤F¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>´Nºâ§Ú³]©wµL»~, FreeBSD ¦n¹³ÁÙ¬O§ä¤£¨ì§Úªº serial port ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG±zªº¥D¾÷ªO©Î¬O¥d¤W¦³¥Î¨ì Acer ªº UART ´¹¤ùªº¸Ü, FreeBSD ¦b¶}¾÷®É
+ ªº sio °»´ú¥i¯à·|¤£¥¿½T¡C±z¥i¥H±q <url
+ url="http://www.lemis.com/serial-port-patch.html" name="www.lemis.com">
+ §ä¨ì patch ¨Ó­×¥¿³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C
+
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/troubleshoot.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/troubleshoot.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..48e3bbc14b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/troubleshoot.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+<!-- $Id: troubleshoot.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by corona@tale.net -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.9 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>±`¨£°ÝÃD¸Ñ¨M<label id="troubleshoot"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§ÚªºµwºÐ¦³Ãa­y!<label id="awre"></heading>
+
+ <p>­Y¬O SCSI µwºÐªº¸Ü¡AÀ³¸Ó¦³¯à¤O¦Û°Ê§@ re-mapping ªº°Ê§@¡C
+ µM¦Ó¡A¦]¬°¤@¨Ç¯«¯µªº¦]¯À¡A¦b¥X¼t®É¡A«Ü¦hµwºÐªº³o¶µ¥\¯à¬OÃö³¬ªº.
+ <p>­n±N¨ä­«·s¶}±Ò¡A±z»Ý­n½s¿è¸Ë¸mªº²Ä¤@­Ó page ¼Ò¦¡
+ ¡]first device page mode¡^¡A¦b FreeBSD ¤W¥i¥H¥Î¤U­±ªº«ü¥O¿ì¨ì
+ ¡]¥H root ¨­¤À°õ¦æ¡^
+
+ <verb>
+ scsi -f /dev/rsd0c -m 1 -e -P 3
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>µM«á±N AWRE ©M ARRE ªº¼Æ­È±q 0 Åܦ¨ 1:-
+
+ <verb>
+ AWRE (Auto Write Reallocation Enbld): 1
+ ARRE (Auto Read Reallocation Enbld): 1
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¤W­±³o¬q¬O¥Ñ
+ <url url="mailto:tedm@toybox.placo.com" name="Ted Mittelstaedt">©Ò´£¨Ñ:
+
+ <p>­Y¬° IDE µwºÐ¡A¥ô¦óªºÃa­y³q±`³£¬O³Â·Ðªº¹w¥ü¡C¥Ø«e©Ò¦³¸û·sªº IDE µw
+ ºÐ¡A¤º³¡³£¦³¦Û°Ê remapping Ãa­yªº¯à¤O¡C¥Ø«e©Ò¦³ IDE µwºÐ»s³y°Ó¡A³£´£¨Ñ
+ ¤F§ó¤[ªº«OÃÒ¡A¦Ó¥B·|À°±z§ó´«¥X²{Ãa­yªºµwºÐ¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z¤´·Q­n­×´_²£¥ÍÃa­yªº IDE µwºÐ¡A±z¤´¥i¥H¸ÕµÛ¥h¤U¸ü IDE µwºÐ»s³y
+ °Ó©Ò´£¨ÑªºÀË´úµ{¦¡¡A¨Ã¥Î¥¦¨ÓÀˬd±zªºµwºÐ¡C¦³®É³o¨Ç³nÅé¥i¥H±j­¢µwºÐ¹q¸ô
+ ­«·sÀˬdµwºÐªºÃa­y¡A¨Ã±N¥¦­Ì¼Ð¥Ü¥X¨Ó.
+
+ <p>¹ï ESDI¡ARLL ¤Î MFM ªºµwºÐ¨Ó»¡¡A³q±`Ãa­y¬O¥¿±`²{¶H¡A¤]¤£¬O¤°»ò³Â·Ðªº
+ «e¥ü¡C¦b PC ¤W¡AºÏºÐ±±¨î¥d©M BIOS ­t³d¼Ð¥ÜÃa­yªº¥ô°È¡C³o¹ï¤@¨Ç¨Ï¥Î BIOS
+ ¨Ó¦s¨úºÏºÐªº§@·~Àô¹Ò(¦p DOS)¬O¨S¦³°ÝÃDªº¡CµM¦Ó¡AFreeBSD ªººÏºÐÅX°Êµ{¦¡
+ ¨Ã¤£¸g¹L BIOS ¨Ó¦s¨úºÏºÐ¡A©Ò¥H¡A¦³­Ó bad144 ªº¾÷¨î¥Î¨Ó¨ú¥N³o¶µ¥\¯à¡C
+ bad144 ¥u¯à¥Î¦b wd ³o­ÓºÏºÐÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤W¡A¥¦µLªk¥Î¦b SCSI µwºÐ¤W¡Cbad144
+ ªº¤u§@¤èªk¬O±N©Ò¦³§ä¨ìªºÃa­y¸ê®Æ¦s¨ì¤@­Ó¯S§OªºÀÉ®×ùØ¡C
+
+ <p>¨Ï¥Î bad144 ªºÄµ§i - ¦sµÛÃa­y¸ê®Æªº¯S§OÀɮ׬O©ñ¦bµwºÐªº³Ì«á¤@­y
+ ¤W¡C¦]¬°³o­ÓÀÉ®×Àx¦sªºÃa­y¸ê®Æ¤¤¡A¦³¥i¯à¦³¨Ç¸ê®Æ¬O«ü¦VµwºÐ³Ì«eºÝ©Òµo¥Í
+ ªºÃa­y±¡§Î¡A´N¬O¥i¯àÀx¦s /kernel ³o­ÓÀɪº¦a¤è¡A©Ò¥H¥¦¤@©w­n¯à³Q¶}¾÷µ{¦¡
+ ©ÒŪ¨ú¡A¦Ó¶}¾÷µ{¦¡¬O³z¹L BIOS ¨ÓŪ¨ú kernel ÀÉ¡C³oªí¥Ü¤F¨Ï¥Î bad144 ªº
+ µwºÐµ´¤£¯à¾Ö¦³¶W¹L 1024 ­Ó cylinder¡A16 ­Ó head ¤Î 63 ­Ó sector¡C
+ ³o³y¦¨¤F¨Ï¥Î bad144 ªºµwºÐªº¤j¤p¤£¯à¤j©ó 500 MB¡C
+
+ <p>­n¨Ï¥Î bad144 «Ü²³æ¡A¥u­n¦b¶}©l¦w¸Ë®É¡A¦b FreeBSD fdisk µe­±§â
+ "Bad Block" ±½ºË³]¬° ON §Y¥i¡C¦b FreeBSD 2.2.7 ¥H«á³£¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¦¹¤èªk¡C
+ ¦ý³o­ÓµwºÐªº cylinder ¤@©w­n¦b 1024 ¥H¤U¡C¨Ï¥Î«e¡A§Ú­Ì«ØÄ³³o­ÓµwºÐ­n
+ ¦Ü¤Ö¥ý¨Ï¥Î¥|­Ó¤p®É¡A¥H«K¼ö¿±µÈ»PºÏ­y°¾²¾¹F¤@¯ëª¬ºA¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG³o­ÓµwºÐ¾Ö¦³¶W¹L 1024 ­Ó cylinder (¹³¤j®e¶qªº ESDI µwºÐ)¡A
+ ESDI ±±¨î¥d§Q¥Î¤@­Ó¯S§OªºÂà´«¼Ò¦¡¨Ï¥¦¯à¦b DOS ¤U¤u§@¡C
+ ¦Ó¦pªG±z¦b fdisk ùتº "set geometry" ¤¤¿é¤J "Âà´«¹L" ªº geometry¡Awd ³o
+ ­ÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¯à¤F¸Ñ³o¨ÇÂà´«¼Ò¦¡¡C±z¤]µ´¹ï¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î dangerously dedicated ¼Ò
+ ¦¡¨Ó«Ø¥ß FreeBSD ªº¤À³Î°Ï¡A¦]¬°¥¦·|©¿²¤ geometry ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡C
+ ¦¹¥~¡A´Nºâ fdisk ¨Ï¥Î±z©Ò¿é¤Jªº geometry °Ñ¼Æ¡A¥¦¨ÌµM·|¥hŪ¨ú³oµwºÐªº
+ ¯u¥¿¸ê®Æ¡A¦Ó·|¹Á¸Õ¥h«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó¹L¤jªº FreeBSD ¤À³Î°Ï¡C¦pªGºÏºÐªº geometry
+ ¤w¸g³Q "Âà´«" ¹L¤F¡A¨º»ò³o­Ó¤À³Î°Ï "¥²¶·" ¥H¤â°Ê¿é¤J block ¼Æ¥Øªº¤èªk¨Ó
+ «Ø¥ß¡C
+
+ <p>¤@­Ó§Ö³tªº¤p§Þ¥©¬O§Q¥Î ESDI ±±¨î¥d¨Ó³]©w¤j®e¶qªº ESDI µwºÐ¡A¥Î DOS ¶}
+ ¾÷¤ù¶}¾÷¡A¦A±N¥¦ format ¬° DOS ªº¤À³Î°Ï¡CµM«á­«¶}¾÷¶i¤J FreeBSD ¦w¸Ëµ{§Ç
+ ¡A¦b fdisk µe­±¡A§âDOS ¤À³Î°Ïªº blocksize ©M block number §Û¤U¨Ó¡CµM«á­«
+ ·s³]©w geometry ¨Ï¨ä¸ò DOS ¨Ï¥Îªº¤@¼Ë¡C§R°£ DOS ¤À³Î°Ï¡AµM«á¨Ï¥Î±z­è­è§Û
+ ¤Uªº blocksize ¨Ó«Ø¥ß¤@­Ó cooperative FreeBSD ¤À³Î°Ï¡CµM«á³]©w³o­Ó¤À³Î°Ï
+ ¬°¥i¶}¾÷¡A¦A¥´¶}Ãa­y±½ºË¡C¦b¯u¥¿ªº¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤¡Abad144 ·|¦b¥ô¦óÀɮרt²Î³Q
+ «Ø¥ß«e¥ý³Q°õ¦æ¡C(±z¥i¥H«ö Alt-F2 ¨ÓºÊ¬Ý³o¤@¤Á)¦pªG¦b«Ø¥ßÃa­y¸ê®ÆÀɮɵo¥Í
+ ¤F°ÝÃD¡A±z·|»Ý­n³]©w¤@­Ó¸û¤jªººÏºÐ geometry - ³oªí¥Ü±z»Ý­n­«¶}¾÷¡AµM«á¥þ
+ ³¡¦A­«·s¶}©l (¥]¬A­«·s¤À³Î¥H¤Î¦b DOS ¤U­«·s format)¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG remapping ªº¥\¯à¤w¸g±Ò°Ê¤F¡A¦Ó±z¨ÌµM¤@ª½¬Ý¨ìÃa­y²£¥Í¡A¨º»ò¦Ò¼{
+ ´«¤@¥xµwºÐ§a¡CÃa­yªº±¡§Î¥u·|ÀH®É¶¡¼W¥[¦Ó§ó¬°ÄY­«¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD §ì¤£¨ì§Úªº Bustek 742a EISA SCSI ¥d!</heading>
+
+ <p>¤U­±ªº¸ê°T¬Oµ¹ 742a ³o±i¥d¥Îªº¡A¦ý¬O¨ä¥L Buslogic ªº¥d©Î³\¤]¥i¥H
+ ¾A¥Î¡C (Bustek ´N¬O Buslogic)
+
+ <p>742a ³o±i¥d¦³¨â­Ó¥D­nªº¡uª©¥»¡v¡C¤@­Ó¬Oª©¥» A-G¡A¥t¤@­Ó¬Oª©¥» H
+ ¤Î¨ä¥H«á¡Cª©¥»¸ê°T¥i¥H±q¤¶­±¥dÃä½tªº¬y¤ô¸¹³Ì«á­±±oª¾¡C742a ³o±i
+ ¥d¦³¨â­Ó°ßŪ´¹¤ù¦b¥¦¤W­±¡A¤@­Ó¬O BIOS ´¹¤ù¡A¦Ó¥t¤@­Ó¬O¶´Åé´¹¤ù¡C
+ FreeBSD ¨Ã¤£¦b¥G±z¥d¤Wªº BIOS ª©¥»¡A¦ý¬O¶´Å骺ª©¥»´N«Ü­«­n¤F¡C¦pªG
+ §A¥´¹q¸Üµ¹¥L­Ì§Þ³N¤ä´©±M½uªº¸Ü¡A¥L­Ì·|±Hµ¹±z³Ì·sªºª©¥»¨Ñ±z¤É¯Å¡C
+ BIOS ©M¶´Åé´¹¤ù¬O¤@°_°e¨Óªº¡C ±z»Ý­n±N¥d¤W BIOS ©M¶´Å骩¥»¡A¨Ì±z¥d
+ ª©¥»ªº¤£¦P¡A¤É¯Å¨ì³Ì·sªº¤@ª©¡C
+
+ <p>ª©¥» A-G ªº¥d³Ì°ª¥u¯à±N BIOS/¶´Åé ¤É¯Å¨ì 2.41/2.21 ª©¡A¦Óª©¥» H
+ «á¡A¥Ø«e BIOS/¶´Å骺³Ì·sª©¥»¬O 4.70/3.37¡C³o¨â­Ó¶´Å骩¥»¶¡ªº®t²§¦b
+ ©ó¡A3.37 ³oª©¤ä´© ``round robin''
+
+ <p>Buslogic ªº¥d¤W­±¤]³£¦³§Ç¸¹¡C¦pªG±z¥dªºª©¥»¸û¡A±z¥i¥H¸ÕµÛ¥´¹q
+ ¸Üµ¹ Buslogic ªºRMA ³¡ªù¡AµM«áµ¹¥L­Ì±zªº§Ç¸¹¡A¬Ý¯à¤£¯à¸ò¥L­Ì¥æ´«¤@
+ ±i¸û·sª©¥»ªº¥d¡C¦pªG¨º±i¥d°÷ªº¸Ü¡A¥L­Ì·|´«µ¹§A¡C
+
+ <p>FreeBSD 2.1 ¥u¤ä´©¶´Åé 2.21 ª©¥H«áªºª©¥»¡C¦pªG±z¶´Å骩¥»¤ñ³o­ÓÁÙ
+ ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò±zªº¥d´N¤£¯à³Q¿ëÃÑ¥X¬O Buslogic ªº¥d¡C¥¦¦³¥i¯à·|³Q¿ëÃѦ¨
+ Adaptec 1540¡C¸û¦­ªº Buslogic ¥d¤Wªº¶´Å馳¤@­Ó AHA1540``¼ÒÀÀ''¼Ò¦¡¡A
+ ³o¹ï¤@±i EISA ¥d¨Ó»¡¨Ã¤£¬O¥ó¦n¨Æ¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z¦³¤@±i¸ûª©¥»ªº¥d¡A¦Ó±z¨ú±o 2.21 ª©¶´Å骺¸Ü¡A±z»Ý­nÀˬd¤@¤U
+ jumper W1 ªº¦ì¸m¡A±N¥¦½Õ¦Ü B-C¡A­ì©l³]©w¬O A-B¡C
+
+ <p>742a EISA ¥d¨S¦³¦b <ref id="bigram" name="¦b¾Ö¦³ &gt;16 MB °O¾ÐÅ骺¾÷¾¹¤W">
+ ³o¬q¤¤©Ò´£¹Lªº ``&gt;16MB'' °ÝÃD¡C³o­Ó°ÝÃD¥u·|µo¥Í¦b Vesa-Local ¶×¬y±Æªº
+ Buslogic SCSI ¥d¤W¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ FreeBSD §ì¤£¨ì§Úªº HP Netserver ªº SCSI ±±¨î¥d¡I
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>°ò¥»¤W³o­Ó¬O¤@­Ó¤wª¾ªº°ÝÃD¡C¦b HP Netserver ¾÷¾¹¤Wªº on-board
+ EISA ¤¶­± SCSI ±±¨î¥d¥e¾Ú¤F©w§}¬°²Ä 11 ªº EISA ¼Ñ¡A¦]¦¹©Ò¦³ªº ``¯u¹ê''
+ EISA ¼Ñ³£¦b¥¦¤§«e¡C¥i¬O¡A¦b EISA ©w§}ªÅ¶¡ >= 10 ®É¡A·|»P«ü©wµ¹ PCI
+ ¥Îªº©w§}ªÅ¶¡¬Û½Ä¬ð¡A¥B FreeBSD ªº auto-configuration µLªk¥¿½Tªº³B²z
+ ³o­Ó±¡§Î¡C
+
+ <p>¦]¦¹¡A²{¦b§A¯à°µªº³Ì¦n¨Æ±¡´N¬O¦b kernel ùس]©w <tt/EISA_SLOTS/
+ ³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¬° 12 ¡AµM«á·í§@¨S¦³³o­Ó°ÝÃD :)¡C
+ ½Ð¨Ì·Ó <url url="../handbook/kernelconfig.html"
+ name="Handbook ¤¤¦³Ãö kernel ªº³]©w"> ùةһ¡ªº¤èªk¨Ó
+ ³]©w»P½sͱzªº kernel
+
+ <p>·íµM¡A¦b¦w¸Ë¨ì³oºØ¾÷¾¹¤W®É¡A³o¬O¤@­ÓÂû¥Í³J³J¥ÍÂûªº°ÝÃD¡C
+ ¬°¤F¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¦b <em>UserConfig</em> ¤¤¦³¤@­Ó¯S§Oªº¤èªk¡A
+ ¦w¸Ë®É¤£­n¶i¤J ``visual'' ¤¶­±¡A¬Û¤Ïªº¡A¦b©R¥O¦C¼Ò¦¡¤¤¡AÁä¤J
+
+ <verb>
+ eisa 12
+ quit
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>µM«á´N¦p¥H©¹¤@¼Ë¦w¸Ë±zªº¨t²Î¡CÁöµM§Ú­Ì«ØÄ³±z½sĶ»P¦w¸Ë¤@­Ó
+ ÄÝ©ó¦Û¤vªº kernel¡A¦ý
+
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?dset" name="dset">
+ ²{¦b¤]¤w¸g¤F¸Ñ³o­Ó°Ñ¼Æ¡A¥B·|Àx¦s¥¦¡C
+
+ <p>§Æ±æ¡A¦b¥¼¨Óªºª©¥»¤¤¯à¹ï³o­Ó°ÝÃD¦³¤@­Ó¦nªº¸Ñ¨M¤èªk¡C
+
+ <p><tt/ª`·N:/ ±zµLªk¦b HP Netserver ¤W¨Ï¥Î <bf/dangerously dedicated/
+ ºÏºÐ¼Ò¦¡¡C±z¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò <ref id="dedicate" name="³o¥÷µù¸Ñ">¥HÀò±o§ó¦h
+ ¸ê°T¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>CMD640 IDE ±±¨î´¹¤ù¥X¤F¤°»ò°ÝÃD?</heading>
+
+ <p>¥¦ªº°ÝÃD¦b©óµLªk¦P®É³B²z¨â­Ó channel ªº«ü¥O¡C
+
+ <p>²{¦b¤w¸g¦³­Ó¸Ñ¨M¤èªk¤F¡A¥B·|¦Û°Ê¦b±z¨Ï¥Î³o¶ô´¹¤ù®É±Ò°Ê¡C
+ ¦pªG»Ý­n§ó¸ÔºÉªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A½Ð¬d¾\¦³ÃöºÏºÐÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº»¡©ú(man 4 wd)
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z¥Ø«e¬O¨Ï¥Î CMD640 IDE ±±¨î´¹¤ù¡A¥[¤W FreeBSD 2.2.1 ©Î
+ 2.2.2¡A¦Ó¥B±z¤S·Q­n¨Ï¥Î¨ì²Ä¤G­Ó channel ®É¡A½Ð¦b±zªº kernel ³]
+ ©w¤¤¥[¤J <tt/options "CMD640"/ µM«á­«·s½sͤ@­Ó·sªº kernel¡C
+ ³o­Ó option ¦b 2.2.5 ª©¥H«á¬O¤º©w±Ò°Êªº¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú¤@ª½¬Ý¨ìÃþ¦ü ``<tt/ed1: timeout/'' ªº°T®§</heading>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó³q±`¬O¥Ñ©ó¤¤Â_½Ä¬ð(interrupt conflict)©Ò³y¦¨ªº (¨Ò¦p¡A¨â¶ô¥d
+ ¨Ï¥Î¨ì¤F¬Û¦Pªº IRQ)¡C FreeBSD ¦b 2.0.5 ª©¥H«e³£®e³\³o­Ó±¡§Î¡A
+ ´Nºâ¦³ IRQ ½Ä¬ð±¡§Î¡Aºô¸ô¥d¤]À³¸Ó¤´¥i¥¿±`¹B§@¡C
+ µM¦Ó¡A¦b 2.0.5 ª©¤Î¨ä¥H«á¡A¤w¤£¦A®e³\¦³ IRQ ½Ä¬ðªº±¡§Î¤F¡C
+ ½Ð©ó¶}¾÷®É¨Ï¥Î -c ³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¡AµM«á§ó§ï ed0/de0/..¡Cµ¥ªº³]©w¡A¨Ï¨ä
+ ©M±zºô¸ô¥d¥»¨­ªº³]©w¤@­P¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z¬O¨Ï¥Î±zºô¸ô¥d¤Wªº BNC ±µÀY¡A±z©Î³\¤]·|¦]¤£¨}ªº²×ºÝ¹qªý³]©w¡A
+ ¦Óµo¥Í¸Ë¸m (device) timeout ªº±¡§Î¡C­nÀˬd¬O§_¦³³oºØ±¡§Î¡A±z¥i¥H¦b
+ ºô¸ô¥d¤Wª½±µ±µ¤W²×ºÝ¹qªý (¤£­n±µºô¸ô½u)¡AµM«á¬Ý¬Ý³o­Ó¿ù»~°T®§¬O¤£¬O
+ ´N®ø¥¢¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¦³¨Ç NE2000 ªº¬Û®e¥d¡A¦pªG¥¦ªº UTP °ð¨S¦³±µºô¸ô½u¡A©Î¬O¸Óºô¸ô½u¨Ã
+ ¨S³Q¨Ï¥Îªº¸Ü¡A¤]·|¥X²{³o­Ó¿ù»~°T®§¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦b§Ú·Q­n±¾¤W CDROM ®É¡A¥X²{``Incorrect super block''ªº°T®§</heading>
+
+ <p>±z¥²¶·§i¶D
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?mount" name="mount">
+ ±z·Q±¾¤Wªº device ªºÀɮ׮榡¡C¦b­ì©l³]©wùØ¡A
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?mount" name="mount">
+ ·|°²³]±zªºÀɮ׮榡¬° ``<tt/ufs/''¡C¦pªG±z·Q­n±¾¤W CD-ROM ùتºÀɮסA
+ ±z»Ý­n¦b <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?mount"
+ name="mount">¡C
+ ®É«ü©w ``<tt/-t cd9660/'' ³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¡C·íµM¡A³o¬O°²³]¥úºÐ¤ù¬O¨Ï¥Î
+ ISO 9660 ªºÀɮרt²Î (µ´¤j¦h¼Æ¥úºÐ¤ù¬Ò¬O¥Î³o®MÀɮרt²Î)
+ ¥B¦b 1.1 ª©¥H«á¡AFreeBSD ¤w¸g¯à¬Ý±oÀ´ Rock Ridge (ªøÀɦW) ³o­Ó©µ¦ù®æ¦¡¡C
+
+ <p>Á|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¦pªG±z·Q±N ``<tt>/dev/cd0c</tt>'' ³o­Ó CDROM ¸Ë¸m (device)
+ ±¾¦b <tt>/mnt</tt> ¤U¡A±z»Ý­n°õ¦æ:
+
+ <verb>
+ mount -t cd9660 /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>­nª`·Nªº¬O¡A±zªº¸Ë¸m¦WºÙ¥i¯à·|¤£¤@¼Ë (¦b¦¹½d¨Ò¤¤¬O
+ ``<tt>/dev/cd0c</tt>''¡A¥¦¬O®Ú¾Ú±zªº CDROM ¤¶­±¦Ó©wªº¡C
+ ¥t¥~­nª`·Nªº¡A``<tt/-t cd9660/'' ³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¥u¬O©I¥s
+ ``<tt/mount&lowbar;cd9660/'' ³o­Ó«ü¥O¡A©Ò¥H¤W­±³o­Ó½d¨Ò
+ ¤]¥i¥HÁYµu¬°:
+
+ <verb>
+ mount_cd9660 /dev/cd0c /mnt
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·í§Ú·Q±¾¤W CDROM ®É¡A¥X²{¤F ``Device not configured'' ªº¿ù»~°T®§
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>³o³q±`¬Oªí¥Ü±zªº CD-ROM ùØ­±¨S¦³¥úºÐ¤ù¡A©ÎªÌ¬O³o¥x¾÷¾¹µLªk³Q
+ ¶×¬y±Æ (bus) §ì¨ì¡C©ñ¤ù¥úºÐ¤ù¦b¥úºÐ¾÷ùØ¡A¦pªG¥¦¬O IDE (ATAPI) ªº
+ ¥úºÐ¾÷ªº¸Ü¡AÀˬd¤@¤U¥¦ªº master/slave ª¬ºA¡C¥úºÐ¾÷³q±`»Ý­n´X¬íÄÁ
+ ªº®É¶¡¤~¯à³Æ§´ (ready)¡A©Ò¥H½Ð­@¤ßµ¥­Ô¡C
+
+ <p>¦³®É³o¬Oµo¥Í¦b SCSI CD-ROM ¤W¡A¦]¬°¥¦¦b¶×¬y±Æ­«¸m (bus reset)
+ ®É¨Ó¤£¤Î¦^À³¡A©Ò¥H®ø¥¢¤F¡C¦pªG±z¾Ö¦³ªº¬O SCSI CD-ROM¡A½Ð¹Á¸Õ¦b
+ kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤¥[¤J¥H¤Uªº³]©w¡AµM«á­«·s½sĶ¡C
+
+ <verb>
+ options "SCSI_DELAY=15"
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªº¦Lªí³t«×¯}¤Ñ¯îªººC¡C§Ú¸Ó«ç»ò°µ¡H</heading>
+
+
+ <p>¦pªG¬O¥­¦æ°ð¡A¥B°ß¤@ªº°ÝÃD´N¬O³t«×«ÜºCªº¸Ü¡A¸ÕµÛ³]©w±zªº
+ ¦Lªí¾÷°ð¬° ``polled'' ¼Ò¦¡:
+
+ <verb>
+ lptcontrol -p
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦³¨Ç·sªº HP ¦Lªí¾÷¦ü¥GµLªk¦b interrupt ¼Ò¦¡¤¤¥¿±`¤u§@¡A
+ «Ü©úÅ㪺¬O¦]¬°¤@¨Ç®É¯ß°ÝÃD (¦ýÁÙ¤£¬O«ÜÁA¸Ñ¬°¤°»ò·|¦p¦¹)
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªºµ{¦¡¦³®É·|¦] ``Signal 11'' ³o­Ó¿ù»~¦Ó°±¤î</heading>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó³q±`¬O¦]¬°¦³°ÝÃDªºµwÅé (°O¾ÐÅé¡A¥D¾÷ªOµ¥µ¥) ©Ò³y¦¨ªº.
+ ¸Õ¸Õ¦b±zªº PC ¤W¶]­Ó°O¾ÐÅé´ú¸Õµ{¦¡¬Ý¬Ý¡Cª`·N¡A´Nºâ±z¸Õ¹Lªº¨C¤@ºØ°O
+ ¾ÐÅé´ú¸Õµ{¦¡³£¦^³ø»¡±zªº°O¾ÐÅé¨S¦³°ÝÃD¡A¦ý¬O¡A¦³¤@¨Ç§C«~½èªº°O¾ÐÅé¡A
+ ÁöµM¯à³q¹L°O¾ÐÅé´ú¸Õ¡A¤£¹L¦b¯u¥¿¤u§@®É«o·|¥X°ÝÃD (¨Ò¦p±q
+ Adaptec 1542 µ¥µ¥ SCSI ±±¨î¥d°µ bus mastering DMA¡B¦b½s¿è kernel ®É¡B
+ ©Î¬O¨t²Îªº­t¸ü«Ü°ª®É)
+
+ <p>SIG11 FAQ (¦ì§}¦b¤U­±) «ü¥X°O¾ÐÅ骺³t«×¤£°÷§Ö³q±`¬O³o­Ó°ÝÃDªº­ì¦]¡C
+ ¸ÕµÛ¦b±zªº BIOS ³]©w¤¤¼W¥[°O¾ÐÅé wait ª¬ºAªº®É¶¡¡A©Î¬O§ó´«§ó§Öªº°O¾Ð
+ Åé¡C
+
+ <p>¥H§Ú¦Ó¨¥¡A§Ú´¿¹J¹L¥Ñ¤£¨}ªº§Ö¨ú°O¾ÐÅé©Î¬O¤£¨}ªº on-board §Ö¨ú¥d
+ ©Ò³y¦¨ªº³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C¸ÕµÛ¦b BIOS ³]©w¤¤¨ú®ø on-board (²Ä¤G¶¥) §Ö¨ú¡A
+ ¬Ý¬Ý³o¼Ë¯à¤£¯à¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD
+
+ <p>³o¨à¦³¤@¥÷«Ü¦nªº FAQ:
+ <url url="http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/" name="SIG11 °ÝÃDªº FAQ">
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·í§Ú¶}¾÷®É¡A¿Ã¹õÅܶ¡A¥B¤£°±°{°Ê¡I</heading>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¤wª¾¬O¥Ñ ATI Mach 64 Åã¥Ü¥d©Ò¤Þ°_ªº¡C¦]¬°³o¶ô¥d¨Ï¥Î¨ì
+ <tt/2e8/ ³o­Ó¦ì§}¡A¦Ó³o»P²Ä¥|­Ó§Ç¦C°ð(serial port)©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº¦ì§}¬Û¦P¡C¦Ó
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sio" name="sio.c">
+ ³o­ÓÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A¤£ª¾¹D¬O bug ©Î¬O¥\¯à(feather)¡A´Nºâ±z¨S¦³²Ä¥|­Ó§Ç¦C°ð¡A
+ ©Î¬O¤w¸g±N sio3 (²Ä¥|­Ó§Ç¦C°ð¡^¨ú®ø¤F¡A¥¦¨ÌµM·|¥h¹Á¸ÕÅX°Ê¥¦¡C
+
+ <p>ª½¨ì³o­Ó°ÝÃD³Q¸Ñ¨M¥H«e¡A±z¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó¤èªk¡G
+
+ <enum>
+ <item>¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü¡]¬Ý¨ì<tt/boot:/ ®É¡^¥´¤J <tt/-c/¡C ¡]³o·|Åý kernel
+ ¶i¤J³]©w¼Ò¦¡¡^
+
+ <item>¨ú®ø <tt/sio0/¡A<tt/sio1/¡A<tt/sio2/ and <tt/sio3/ ¡]¥þ³¡¡^
+ ³o¥i¥HÅý sio ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤£°Ê§@ -> ©ó¬O°ÝÃD¸Ñ¨M¡C
+
+ <item>¿é¤J exit ¥HÄ~Äò±Ò°Êµ{§Ç
+ </enum>
+
+ <p>¦pªG±z·Q­n¨Ï¥Î±zªº§Ç¦C°ð¡A±z»Ý­n­×§ï
+ <tt>/usr/src/sys/i386/isa/sio.c</tt>¡A¦b¸ÓÀɤ¤§ä¥X <tt/0x2e8/ ³o­Ó¦r¦ê
+ ²¾°£³o­Ó¦r¦ê¤Î¥¦«e­±ªº³r¸¹¡]«O¯d«á­±ªº¡^¡AµM«á­«·s½sͤ@­Ó·sªº kernel
+
+ <p>´Nºâ¨Ï¥Î¤F¤W­±³o¨Ç¤èªk¡AX Window ¤´µM¦³¥i¯àµLªk¶¶§Q°õ¦æ¡C¦³¨Ç·sªº
+ ATI Mach 64 Åã¥Ü¥d¡]¯S§O¬O ATI Mach Xpression¡^¡AµLªk¦b¥Ø«eª©¥»ªº
+ <tt/XFree86/ ¤W¥¿±`¤u§@¡F±Ò°Ê X Window ®É¿Ã¹õÅܶ¡A©Î¬O·|¦³©_©Çªº°ÝÃD
+ µo¥Í¡C±z¥i¥H¨ì <url url="http://www.xfree86.org" name="XFree86 ªººô¯¸">
+ §ä¨ì new beta release ³o­Ó³sµ²(link)¡A¨Ó¨ú±o X-server ªº beta ª©¡A¥¦ªº
+ ¬Û®e±¡§ÎÀ³¸Ó´N¤ñ¸û¦n¤F¡C±z»Ý­n¨ú±o¤U¦C³o¨ÇÀɮסG
+
+ <p><tt>AccelCards¡ABetaReport¡ACards¡ADevices¡AFILES¡AREADME.ati¡A
+ README.FreeBSD¡AREADME.Mach64¡ARELNOTES¡AVGADriver.Doc¡A
+ X312BMa64.tgz</tt>
+
+ <p>¥H³o¨ÇÀɮרú¥N±z­ì¦³ªºÂÂÀɮסAµM«á¤Á°O¦A¶] <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&amp;query=xf86config"
+ name="xf86config"> ¤@¹M¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>
+ §Ú¦³ 128 MB ªº RAM¡A¦ý¬O¨t²Î¥u¥Î¨ä¤¤ªº 64MB
+ <label id="reallybigram">
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦]¬° FreeBSD ¬O¨Ï¥Î©I¥s BIOS ¨Ó¨ú±o°O¾ÐÅé¤j¤pªº¤èªk¡A¦]¦¹¥¦¥u¯à
+ °»´ú¨ì 16 bits ¦ì¤¸ªø«×ªº KByte ¤j¤p (65535 KBytes = 64MB)
+ (©ÎªÌ§ó¤Ö..¡C¦³¨Ç BIOS ±N³Ì°ª°O¾ÐÅé¤j¤p­­¬°¥u¦³ 16MB)
+ ¦pªG±z¾Ö¦³ 64MB ¥H¤Wªº RAM¡AFreeBSD ·|¹Á¸Õ¥h°»´ú¥X¥¦¡A¦ý¬O¦³¥i¯à
+ ·|¥¢±Ñ¡C
+
+ <p>­n¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A±z»Ý­n¨Ï¥Î¤U­±©Ò´£ªº kernel ³]©w¿ï¶µ¡C
+ ÁöµM¦³¤èªk¥i¥H±q BIOS ¤¤¨ú±o°O¾ÐÅ骺§¹¾ã¸ê°T¡A¦ý¬O¥Ø«e§Ú­Ì¦b
+ bootblock ¤¤¨Ã¨S¦³¦h¾lªºªÅ¶¡¨Ó°µ³o¥ó¨Æ¡C·í¬Y¤Ñ bootblock ªÅ¶¡
+ ¤£¨¬ªº±¡§ÎÀò±o¸Ñ¨M®É¡A§Ú­Ì±N·|¨Ï¥Î BIOS ªº©µ¦ù¥\¯à¨Ó¨ú±o°O¾Ð
+ Å骺§¹¾ã¸ê°T...¦ý²{¦b§Ú­Ì±N¥¦©ñ¦b kernel ³]©w¿ï¶µ¤¤¡C
+
+ <tt>
+ options "MAXMEM=&lt;n>"
+ </tt>
+
+ <p><tt/n/ ¬O«ü±zªº°O¾ÐÅé¤j¤p¡A¥H KB ¬°³æ¦ì¡C¥H¤@¥x¦³ 128MB RAM ªº
+ ¾÷¾¹¨Ó»¡¡A±z¥i¨Ï¥Î <tt/131072/ ³o­Ó¼Æ¦r¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>FreeBSD 2.0 ¦]¬° ``kmem_map too small!'' ¦Óµo¥Í panic¡I</heading>
+
+ <p><tt /ª`·N/ ³o­Ó°T®§¤]¦³¥i¯à¬O ``mb_map too small!''
+
+ <p>³o­Ó panic ¬Oªí¥Ü¨t²Î¥Î¥ú¤Fµ¹ºô¸ô½w½Ä°Ïªº©Ò¦³ªºµêÀÀ°O¾ÐÅé (¯S
+ §O¬O mbuf clusters)¡C±z¥i¥H¼W¥[µ¹ mbuf clusters ªº VM ªº¼Æ¶q¡A
+ ¥u­n¥[¤J:
+
+ <p><tt>options "NMBCLUSTERS=&lt;n>"</tt>
+
+ <p>¦b±zªº kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤¡A&lt;n&gt; ¬O¤@­Ó¦b 512-4096 ¶¡ªº¼Æ¦r¡A
+ ¨Ì±z·Q´£¨Ñ¦h¤Ö¦P®Éªº TCP ³s±µ¼Æ¥Ø¦h¹è¦Ó©w¡C§Ú·|«ØÄ³¸Õ¸Õ 2048 -
+ ³o¼Æ¦rÀ³¸Ó¥i¥H§¹¥þÁ×§K³o­Ó panic ¤F¡C±z¥i¥H°õ¦æ:
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?netstat"
+ name="netstat -m"> ¨ÓºÊ¬Ý¦³¦h¤Ö mbuf clusters
+ ¦b¨t²Î¤W¥¿³Q °t¸m/¨Ï¥Î¡CNMBCLUSTERS ªº¼Æ­È¤º©w¬°
+ <tt/512 + MAXUSERS * 16/¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¥Î·s kernel ¶}¾÷®É¡A¥X²{ ``CMAP busy panic'' ³o­Ó¿ù»~°T®§</heading>
+
+ <p>¥Î¨Ó°»´ú¹L´Á <tt>/var/db/kvm_*.db</tt> Àɮתº¾÷¨î°¸º¸·|"¥XÂñ"
+ ¦Ó¨Ï¥Î¤@­Ó§t¤£¥¿½T¸ê®ÆªºÀɮצ³®É´N·|¾É­P panic¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªGµo¥Í¤F³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A½Ð­«·s¶}¾÷¡A¶i¤J³æ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡¡AµM«á°õ¦æ:
+
+ <verb>
+ rm /var/db/kvm_*.db
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>ahc0: brkadrint¡A Illegal Host Access at seqaddr 0x0</heading>
+
+ <p>³o¬O¤@­Ó©M Ultrastor SCSI ±±¨î¥d¦³Ãöªº½Ä¬ð
+
+ <p>¦b¶}¾÷®É¡A¶i¤J kernel ³]©w¿ï³æ
+ ¨ú®ø <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?uha(4)"
+ name="uha0">¡A¥¦¬O³y¦¨³o­Ó°ÝÃDªº­ì¦]
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>Sendmail ¤@ª½©ê«è ``mail loops back to myself''</heading>
+
+ <p>³o­Ó°ÝÃD¦b sendmail ªº FAQ ¤¤¬O³o¼Ë¦^µªªº:-
+ <verb>
+ * §Ú¤@ª½¦¬¨ì¦³Ãö "Local configuration error" ªº«H¥ó¡A¨Ò¦p:
+
+ 553 relay.domain.net config error: mail loops back to myself
+ 554 <user@domain.net>... Local configuration error
+
+ §Ú­n¦p¦ó¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD?
+
+ ±z§Q¥Î MX ³]©w¡AÅý­n±H¨ì¬Y domain (¦p: domain.net) ªº«H¥ó¡A
+ ±H¨ì±z©Ò«ü©wªº¾÷¾¹ (¦b³o­Ó¨Ò¤l¤¤¬° relay.domain.net)¡A¦ý¬O³o
+ ³¡¾÷¾¹¨Ã¥¼³Q³]©w±µ¨ü domain.net ªº«H¥ó¡C§â domain.net ¥[¨ì
+ /etc/sendmail.cw ¤¤ (¦pªG±z¦³¨Ï¥Î FEATURE(use_cw_file)) ©Î¬O
+ ¦b sendmail.cf ¤¤¥[¤J "Cw domain.net"
+ </verb>
+
+ <p><url
+ url="ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/sendmail-faq"
+ name="sendmail FAQ"> ²{¦b¤w¤£¦AÀHµÛ sendmail "¥X³f"¡C
+ ¥¦¥Ø«e¬O³Q©w´Áªºµoªí¦b:
+ <url url="news:comp.mail.sendmail" name="comp.mail.sendmail">¡A
+ <url url="news:comp.mail.misc" name="comp.mail.misc">¡A
+ <url url="news:comp.mail.smail" name="comp.mail.smail">¡A
+ <url url="news:comp.answers" name="comp.answers">¡A©M
+ <url url="news:news.answers" name="news.answers">¡C
+ ±z¤]¥i¥H±H¤@«Ê Email ¨ì
+ <url url="mailto:mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu"
+ name="mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu">¡AµM«á¦b«H¥ó¤º¤å¤¤¼g¤W
+ "send usenet/news.answers/mail/sendmail-faq" ³o­Ó«ü¥O
+ ¥H¨ú±o³o¥÷¤å¥ó¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¦b»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹(remote machine)°õ¦æ¥þ¿Ã¹õªº³nÅé®É¡A¦³¤£¥¿±`ªº±¡§Î¡I
+ </heading>
+ <p>©Î³\»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹¨Ã«D±N±zªº²×ºÝ¾÷§ÎºA³]¬° FreeBSD console ©Ò¥Î
+ ªº <tt>cons25</tt>¡A¦Ó¬O³]¬°¨ä¥¦ºØÃþ¡C
+ <p>³o¨à¦³´X­Ó¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃDªº¤èªk:
+ <itemize>
+ <item>¦b logging ¶i»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹«á¡A§ó§ï±zªº shell ÅÜ¼Æ TERM ¬°
+ <tt>ansi</tt> ©Î¬O <tt>sco</tt>¡C
+ <item>¦b local ºÝ¥Î¤@¨Ç¥i¥H¼ÒÀÀ VT100 ªº¼ÒÀÀ¾¹¡A¦p <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/ports.cgi?screen-" name="screen">¡C
+ <tt>screen</tt> ´£¨Ñ±z¦b¤@­Ó terminal ùئP®É¶]¦n´X­Ó session
+ ªº¯à¤O¡A¦Ó¥B¥¦¥»¨­¤]¬O¤@­Ó¬Û·í¦nªº³nÅé¡C
+ <item>¦b»·ºÝ¾÷¾¹ªº²×ºÝ¾÷¸ê®Æ®w(terminal database)¤¤¥[¤J
+ <tt>cons25</tt> ªº¸ê®Æ¡C
+ <item>±Ò°Ê X µM«á§Q¥Î <tt>xterm</tt> ¨Ó login ¶i»·ºÝªº¾÷¾¹¡C
+ </itemize>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªº¾÷¾¹¤@ª½Åã¥Ü "calcru: negative time..."</heading>
+ <p>¸ò¤¤Â_ ¡]interrupt¡^ ¦³Ãöªº¤£¦PµwÅé »P/©Î ³nÅ骺·f°t³£¦³¥i¯à³y¦¨
+ ³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C³o¦³¥i¯à¬O bug ©Î¬O¬Y­Ó¸Ë¸m¥»¨­ªº°ÝÃD¡C¦b¥­¦æ°ð¤W¨Ï¥Î
+ ¤jªº MTU ¨Ó§@ TCP/IP ¶Ç¿é¥i¥H­«²{³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡C­Y¬O¹Ï§Î¥[³t¥d³y¦¨³o­Ó
+ °ÝÃDªº¸Ü¡A±zÀ³¸Ó¥ýÀˬd¥dªº¤¤Â_³]©w¡C
+
+ <p>³o­Ó°ÝÃDªºÃä»Ú®ÄÀ³¬O·|³y¦¨¦³¨Ç process ¥X²{
+ "SIGXCPU exceeded cpu time limit" ªº°T®§¡A¦Ó¤£¥¿±`¤¤Â_
+
+ <p>­Yª©¥»¬O 1998 ¦~ 11 ¤ë 29 ¤é¥H«áªº FreeBSD 3.0¡A¦pªG³o­Ó
+ °ÝÃD¤@ª½µLªk¥H¨ä¥L¤èªk¸Ñ¨M¡A´N¥u¯à³]©w sysctl ÅܼơG
+<verb>
+ sysctl -w kern.timecounter.method=1
+</verb>
+ <p> ³o¼Ë·|¹ï®Õ¯à¦³¨Ç¼vÅT¡A¦ý¬O­Y¦Ò¼{¨ì³o­Ó°ÝÃD±a¨Óªº«áªG¡A³o¼Ë°µ¬O­È
+ ±oªº¡C¦pªG³o­Ó°ÝÃDÁÙ¬O¦s¦bªº¸Ü¡A±N sysctl ¨º­Ó­È¨ÌµM³]¬° 1¡AµM«á
+ ¼W¥[ kernel ³]©wÀɤ¤ "NTIMECOUNTER" ³o­Ó¿ï¶µªº¼Æ­È¡C¦pªG±z±N
+ "NTIMECOUNTER" ¼W¥[¨ì 20 ¨ÌµMµLªk¸Ñ¨M³o­Ó°ÝÃD¡A¨º»ò±z¾÷¾¹¤Wªº¤¤Â_
+ ¤w¸g¦h¨ìµLªk«O«ùí©wªºª¬ºA¤F¡C
+ </sect>
+
diff --git a/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/x.sgml b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/x.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e3a85ab97f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zh_TW.Big5/FAQ/x.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+<!-- $Id: x.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1999-01-30 23:20:34 vanilla Exp $ -->
+<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
+<!-- Translate into Chinese by ijliao@dragon2.net -->
+<!-- English Version: 1.6 -->
+
+ <sect>
+ <heading>X Window System ¤Î Virtual Consoles<label id="x"></heading>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú·Q­n°õ¦æ X , §Ú¸Ó«ç»ò°µ ?</heading>
+
+ <p>³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O¦b¦w¸Ë¨t²Îªº®É­Ô¤@¨Ö¦w¸Ë¡C
+
+ <p>µM«á¬Ý¬Ý <htmlurl url=
+ "http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&amp;query=xf86config"
+ name="xf86config ªº man page"> , ³o­Óµ{¦¡¥i¥HÀ°§A³]©w XFree86(tm) ¨Ï¥¦
+ ¯à°÷¨Ï¥Î§AªºÅã¥Ü¥d/·Æ¹« µ¥¶gÃä¡C
+
+ <p>§A©Î³\¤]·Q¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý Xaccel server , ¥¦¥i¥H¥H«D±`¦X²z»ù®æ¨ú±o¡C¸Ô±¡½Ð¬Ý
+ <ref id="xig" name="Xi Graphics"> ³o¤@¬q¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¬°¤°»ò§Ú¤£¯à¦b X ¸Ì¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹« ?<label id="x-and-moused"></heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¥Îªº¬O syscons (¤º©wªº console ÅX°Êµ{¦¡) ªº¸Ü, §A¥i¥H¸g¥Ñ³]©w
+ FreeBSD ¨ÓÅý¥¦¤ä´©¦b¨C­Ó virtual console ¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«¡C¬°¤FÁ×§K©M X ²£¥Í½Ä
+ ¬ð, syscons ¨Ï¥Î¤F¤@­Ó¥s°µ "<tt>/dev/sysmouse</tt>" ªºµêÀÀ¸Ë¸m¡C©Ò¦³·Æ
+ ¹«²£¥Íªº event ³£·|§Q¥Î MouseSystems ³o­Ó¨ó©w¨Ó¶Ç¨ì sysmouse ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m
+ ¡C¦pªG§A§Æ±æ¦b¤@­Ó©Î¥H¤Wªº virtual console ¤W¨Ï¥Î·Æ¹«, <bf/¨Ã¥B/ ¯à°÷
+ ¨Ï¥Î X ªº¸Ü, §Ú­Ì«ØÄ³§A³o¼Ë³]©w :
+
+ <verb>
+ /etc/rc.conf:
+ moused_type=ps/2 # or whatever your actual type is
+ moused_port=/dev/psm0 # or whatever your real port is
+ moused_flags=
+
+ /etc/XF86Config
+ Section Pointer
+ Protocol "MouseSystems"
+ Device "/dev/sysmouse"
+ .....
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦³¨Ç¤H¤ñ¸û³ßÅw¦b³]©w X ªº®É­Ô¥Î "<tt>/dev/mouse</tt>" ³o­Ó¸Ë¸m¡C¦p
+ ªG§A­nÅý¥¦¯à°÷¥¿±`¤u§@ªº¸Ü, §A´N¥²¶·§â "<tt>/dev/mouse</tt>" ³sµ²¨ì
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?sysmouse"
+ name="/dev/sysmouse"> :
+
+ <verb>
+ # cd /dev
+ # rm -f mouse
+ # ln -s sysmouse mouse
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>X Window ªº¿ï³æ©M¹ï¸Ü®Ø¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@ !</heading>
+
+ <p>§â Num Lock Ãö±¼¸Õ¸Õ¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§Aªº Num Lock ¦b¶}¾÷®Éªº¹w³]­È¬O¶}µÛªº¸Ü, §A¥²¶·§â¤U¦C³o¦æ©ñ¨ì
+ <tt/XF86Config/ ³]©wÀɤ¤ªº "<tt/Keyboard/" ³¡¥÷¡C
+
+ <verb>
+ # Let the server do the NumLock processing. This should only be
+ # required when using pre-R6 clients
+ ServerNumLock
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>¤°»ò¬O virtual console ? §Ú­n«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à¥Î¦h¤@ÂI ?</heading>
+
+ <p>²³æ¨Ó»¡, virtual console ´N¬O¥i¥HÅý§A¤£¥²°µ¤Ó¦h½ÆÂøªº³]©w¦p¨Ï¥Îºô
+ ¸ô©Î°õ¦æ X , ¦Ó¦b¦P¤@»O¾÷¾¹¤W¦P®É°µ¦n´X¥ó¨Æªº¤èªk¡C
+
+ <p>·í±Ò°Ê¨t²Î¨ÃÅã¥Ü§¹©Ò¦³¶}¾÷°T®§¤§«á, §A´N·|¦b¿Ã¹õ¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó login ªº
+ ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¡C¦b³o­Ó®É­Ô§A´N¥i¥H¿é¤J§Aªº login name ¥H¤Î password , µM«á´N
+ ¥i¥H¦b²Ä¤@­Ó virtual console ¤W¶}©l¤u§@¤F (©ÎªÌ¶}©lª± !) ¡C
+
+ <p>¦b¬Y¨Ç±¡ªp¤U, §A¥i¯à·|·Q­n§@¨ä¥Lªº¤u§@, ¨Ò¦p»¡¬O¬Ý¬Ý§A¥¿¦b°õ¦æªºµ{
+ ¦¡ªº»¡©ú¤å¥ó, ©Î¬O·í§A¦b FTP ¶Ç¿éªºµ¥«Ý®É¶¡¤¤¬Ý¬Ý§Aªº¶l¥ó¡C§A¥u»Ý­n«ö
+ Alt-F2 («ö¦í Alt Á䤣©ñ, ¨Ã«ö¤U F2 Áä) , µM«á§A´N·|¦b²Ä¤G­Ó "virtual
+ console" ¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹ ! ·í§A·Q­n¦^¨ì­ì¨Óªº¤u§@®É, ½Ð«ö
+ Alt-F1¡C
+
+ <p>FreeBSD ¦b¦w¸Ë®Éªº¹w³]­È¬O¨Ï¥Î¤T­Ó virtual console , §A¥i¥H¥Î
+ Alt-F1, Alt-F2, ¥H¤Î Alt-F3 ¦b¥¦­Ì¤§¶¡°µ¤Á´«¡C
+
+ ¦pªG§A·Q­n¦h¤@ÂI virtual console ªº¸Ü, §A¥u»Ý­n½s¿è <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys" name="/etc/ttys"> ³o­ÓÀÉ
+ , ¦b "Virtual terminals" ³o­Óµù¸Ñ«á­±¥[¤J "<tt/ttyv4/" ¨ì "<tt/ttyvc/"
+ ªºÄæ¦ì :
+
+ <verb>
+ # Edit the existing entry for ttyv3 in /etc/ttys and change
+ # "off" to "on".
+ ttyv3 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyv4 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyv5 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyv6 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyv7 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyv8 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyv9 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyva "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>§A·Q¥Î´X­Ó´N³]´X­Ó¡C§A³]¶V¦h virtual terminal , ¥¦­Ì´N¥Î±¼¶V¦h¨t²Î
+ ¸ê·½ ; ¦pªG§A¥u¦³¤£¨ì 8MB ªº°O¾ÐÅ骺¸Ü, ³o¼vÅT´N¤j¤F¡C§A¥i¯à¤]·|·Q§â
+ "<tt/secure/" ´«¦¨ "<tt/insecure/" ¡C
+
+ <p><bf/IMPORTANT NOTE/ ¦pªG§A·Q­n°õ¦æ X ªº¸Ü, §A <bf/¥²¶·/ ¬°¥¦«O¯d (
+ ©ÎÃö±¼) ¦Ü¤Ö¤@­Ó virtual terminal ¡C³o´N¬O»¡, ¦pªG§A·Q¦b«ö¤Q¤G­Ó Alt
+ ¥\¯àÁä®É³£¦³ login ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹, ¦Ó¥B¤S¦b¦P¤@³¡¹q¸£¤W¤]·Q°õ¦æ X ªº¸Ü, ¨º»ò
+ ³o¯u¬O¤Ó¤£©¯¤F - §A¥u¯à¥Î¤Q¤@­Ó¡C
+
+ <p>¨ú®ø¤@­Ó console ³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O§â¥¦Ãö±¼¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡, ¦pªG§A¹³¤W­±Á¿
+ ªº¤@¼Ë³]©w¤F¥þ³¡ªº 12 ­Ó terminal ¨Ã¥B·Q­n°õ¦æ X , §A¥²»Ý§â virtual
+ terminal 12 ±q :
+
+ <verb>
+ ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 on secure
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>³]¦¨ :
+
+ <verb>
+ ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§AªºÁä½L¥u¦³ 10 ­Ó¥\¯àÁ䪺¸Ü, §A´N­n§ï¦¨³o¼Ë :
+
+ <verb>
+ ttyv9 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure
+ ttyva "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure
+ ttyvb "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25 off secure
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>(§A¤]¥i¥Hª½±µ§â³o´X¦æ¬å±¼¡C)
+
+ <p>¤@¥¹§A§ï¤F <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys" name="/etc/ttys"> ,
+ ¤U¤@­Ó¨BÆJ´N¬O­n½T©w§A¦³¨¬°÷ªº virtual terminal ¸Ë¸m¡C³Ì²³æªº¤èªk´N¬O :
+
+ <verb>
+ # cd /dev
+ # ./MAKEDEV vty12 # For 12 devices
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦A¹L¨Ó, ·Q­n±Ò°Ê³o¨Ç virtual console ³Ì²³æ (¤]¬O³Ì°®²b) ªº°µªk´N¬O
+ ­«¶}¾÷¡CµM«á, ¦pªG§A¤£·Q­«¶}¾÷ªº¸Ü, §A¥i¥H§â X Window Ãö±¼, µM«á¥Î
+ <tt/root/ ªº¨­¥÷°õ¦æ¤U¦C«ü¥O :
+
+ <verb>
+ kill -HUP 1
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>·í§A°õ¦æ³o­Ó©R¥O«e, §A¤@©w­n§¹¥þ§â X Window Ãö±¼¡C¦pªG§A¤£³o»ò°µªº
+ ¸Ü, §Aªº¨t²Î¥i¯à·|¦b§A°õ¦æ kill ©R¥O«á¥X²{·í±¼©ÎÂꦺªº±¡ªp¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»ò±q X ¤Á´«¨ì virtual console ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¿Ã¹õ¤W¥¿¦bÅã¥Ü X Window ªº¸Ü, §A¥i¥H¥Î Ctrl-Alt-F1 µ¥«öÁä¨Ó¤Á
+ ´«¨ì virtual console ¡Cª`·N, ¤@¥¹§A±q X Window ¤Á´«¨ì¥ô¤@­Ó virtual
+ console ¤§«á, §A´N¥i¥H¥u¥Î Alt- ¥\¯àÁä¨Ó¤Á´«¨ì¨ä¥L virtual terminal ©Î
+ ¬O¤Á¦^ X Window ¡C§A¤£¥²¦P®É«öµÛ Ctrl Áä¡C¦pªG¦b¤ñ¸ûªºª©¥»¤¤§A¥Î
+ Ctrl Áä¨Ó¤Á¦^ X Window ªº¸Ü, §A·|µo²{§Aªº¤å¦r¿Ã¹õ³Q¥d¦b "control-lock"
+ ¼Ò¦¡¤U¡C§A¥u»Ý­n¦A«ö¤@¦¸±±¨îÁä´N¥i¥H«ì´_­ìª¬¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à¦b¶}¾÷®É±Ò°Ê XDM ?</heading>
+
+ <p>¦³¨âºØ¤èªk¥i¥H±Ò°Ê <htmlurl url=
+ "http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&amp;query=xdm"
+ name="xdm"> ¡C¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O±q
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?ttys"
+ name="/etc/ttys"> ¨Ó±Ò°Ê, ¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò man page ¤¤ªº½d¨Ò ; ¥t¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O¦b
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc" name="rc.local">
+ °õ¦æ xdm , ©Î¬O¦b <tt>/usr/local/etc/rc.d</tt> ©ñ¤@­Ó <tt/X.sh/ ¡C³o¨â
+ ºØ¤èªk³£¬O¦Xªkªº, ¦pªG§A¸Õ¬Y¤@ºØ¤èªkµL®Äªº¸Ü, §A¥i¥H¸Õ¸Õ¥t¥~¤@ºØ¡C³o¨â
+ ºØ¤èªkªºµ²ªG¬O¤@¼Ëªº : X ·|Åã¥Ü¤@­Ó¹Ï§Î¤Æªº login: ´£¥Ü¡C
+
+ <p>¥Î ttys ªº¤èªkªºÀuÂI¦b©ó»¡©ú¤F X ¦b±Ò°Ê¥H¤Î¦b logout «á­«·s±Ò°Ê®É,
+ ¨ì©³ X ¥Îªº¬O¨º­Ó vty ¡C¦Ó rc.local ªº¤èªk«h¬O¦b·í±Ò°Ê X ¥X¤F°ÝÃD®É, §A
+ ¥i¥H§â xdm ±þ±¼¨Ó¸Ñ¨M¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG¬O¥Î rc.local ªº¤èªkªº¸Ü, ¦b°õ¦æ <tt/xdm/ ®É§A¤£¯à¥[¥ô¦ó°Ñ¼Æ (
+ ¤]´N¬O¶]¦¨ daemon) ¡C
+
+ <p>«e¤@ª©ªº FAQ »¡§A¥²¶·§â§A·QÅý X ¨Ï¥Îªº <tt/vt/ ¥[¨ì
+ <tt>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xdm/Xservers</tt> Àɸ̥h¡C³o¬O¤£¥²­nªº : X ·|¦Û
+ °Ê¨Ï¥Î²Ä¤@­Ó§ä¨ìªº¥i¥Î <tt/vt/ ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·í§Ú°õ¦æ xconsole ®É, µo¥Í¤F "Couldn't open console" ªº¿ù»~</heading>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¬O¥Î <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&amp;query=startx"
+ name="startx"> ¨Ó±Ò°Ê <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&amp;query=X"
+ name="X"> ªº¸Ü, /dev/console ªºÅv­­¨Ã¤£·|§ïÅÜ, µ²ªG´N¬O <htmlurl
+ url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&amp;query=xterm"
+ name="xterm -C"> ©M <htmlurl url=
+ "http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86&amp;query=xconsole"
+ name="xconsole"> ³oÃþªºµ{¦¡µLªk¥¿±`°õ¦æ¡C
+
+ <p>³o¤@¤Áªº°ÝÃD, ³£¬O¦]¬° console ªºÅv­­¬O±Ä¥Î¨t²Î¹w³]­È¡C¦b¤@­Ó¦h¨Ï¥Î
+ ªÌªº¨t²Î¸Ì, §Ú­Ì¤£§Æ±æ¨C­Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¥i¥Hª½±µ¼g¤J¨t²Î console ¡C¦pªG¬O¨Ï
+ ¥ÎªÌ¬O±q¾÷¾¹ªº VTY ª½±µ login ªº¸Ü, ¨º»ò
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?fbtab" name="fbtab">
+ ¥i¥H¸Ñ¨M³oÃþªº°ÝÃD¡C
+
+ <p>²³æ¦a»¡, ½Ð½T«O
+ <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?fbtab(5)"
+ name="/etc/fbtab"> ³o­ÓÀɮפ¤ªº³o¤@¦æ¨S¦³³Qµù¸Ñ±¼ :
+
+ <verb>
+ /dev/ttyv0 0600 /dev/console
+ </verb>
+
+ ³o¤@¦æ³]©wªº¦s¦b¥i¥H½T«O±q <tt>/dev/ttyv0</tt> µn¤Jªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥i¥H±±¨î
+ console ¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¦b X ¤¤¦³ÂI¤£¥¿±`</heading>
+
+ <p>§Aªº·Æ¹«©M§Aªº·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¥i¯à¦s¦b¦³¤£¦P¨Bªº²{¶H¡C
+
+ <p>¦b 2.2.5 ¥H¤Î§ó¦­ªº¨t²Î¸Ì, ±q X ¤Á¨ì virtual terminal µM«á¦A¤Á¦^¨Ó
+ ´N¥i¥H¨Ï¥¦­Ì­«·s°µ¦P¨Bªº°Ê§@¡C¦pªG³o­Ó°ÝÃD±`±`µo¥Íªº¸Ü, §A¥i¥H¦b§Aªº
+ ®Ö¤ß³]©wÀɤ¤¥[¤J¤U­±³o­Ó¿ï¶µµM«á­«·s½sĶ :
+
+ <verb>
+ options PSM_CHECKSYNC
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦pªG§A¨S¦³«Ø¥ß®Ö¤ßªº¸gÅç, ½Ð¬Ý
+ <ref id="make-kernel" name="«Ø¥ß®Ö¤ß"> ³o¤@¸`¡C
+
+ <p>¥[¤W³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¥H«á, ·Æ¹«©M·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¶¡ªº¦P¨B°ÝÃDÀ³¸Ó´N¤ñ¸û¤£·|¥X²{
+ ¤F¡C¦pªG³o­Ó°ÝÃD¤´µM¦s¦bªº¸Ü, ¦b²¾°Ê·Æ¹«®É«ö«ö·Æ¹««öÁä¥i¥H¨Ï·Æ¹«©M·Æ
+ ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡­«·s°µ¦P¨Bªº°Ê§@¡C
+
+ <p>¸Óª`·Nªº¬O³o­Ó¿ï¶µ¨Ã¤£¬O¹ï¨C¤@­Ó¨t²Î³£¦³®Ä, ¥¦¥i¯à·|Åý±µ¦b PS/2 ·Æ
+ ¹«¦ì¸mªº ALPS GlidePoint ¸Ë¸m¥¢¥h "tap" ³o¶µ¥\¯à¡C
+
+ <p>¦b 2.2.6 ¤Î¨ä«áªºª©¥», ¦P¨Bªº½T»{¤w¸g¦³¤F¸û¦nªº¸Ñ¨M¿ìªk, ¦Ó¥B³o¨Ç³£
+ ¤w¸g¬O PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº¼Ð·Ç¤F¡C³o­Ó¤èªk¤]¥i¥H¦b GlidePoint ¤W¥¿±`¤u
+ §@¡C (¦]¬°½T»{ªºµ{¦¡½X¤w¸g¦¨¬°¤@­Ó¼Ð·Ç¥\¯à, ©Ò¥H¦b³o¨Çª©¥»¤¤§Ú­Ì¤£¦b´£
+ ¨Ñ PSM_CHECKSYNC ªº¿ï¶µ¤F¡C) ¤£¹L¦b·¥¤Ö¼Æªº®×¨Ò¤¤, ³o¨ÇÅX°Êµ{¦¡·|»~³ø
+ ¦P¨B©Ê¿ù»~, µM«á§A´N·|¬Ý¨ì³o¼Ëªº®Ö¤ß°T®§ :
+
+ <verb>
+ psmintr: out of sync (xxxx != yyyy)
+ </verb>
+
+ µM«á§A´N·|µo²{§Aªº·Æ¹«¤£¯à¥¿±`¹B§@¤F¡C
+
+ <p>¦pªG§Aµo¥Í¤F³o¼Ëªºª¬ªp, §A¥²¶·Âǥѧâ PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡ªº flag ³]¦¨
+ 0x100 ¨Ó§â¦P¨B½T»{ªºµ{¦¡½Xµ¹¨ú®ø±¼¡CµM«á¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î
+ "<tt>-c</tt>" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J <em>UserConfig</em> :
+
+ <verb>
+ boot: -c
+ </verb>
+
+ µM«á, ¦b <em>UserConfig</em> ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J :
+
+ <verb>
+ UserConfig> flags psm0 0x100
+ UserConfig> quit
+ </verb>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Úªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¤£¯à³z¹L MouseSystem ¨Ó¹B§@</heading>
+
+ <p>¦³¤@¨Ç³ø§i«ü¥X¬Y¨Ç¼tµPªº PS/2 ·Æ¹«¥u¯à¦b "°ª¸ÑªR«×" ª¬ºA¤U¤~¯à¹B§@
+ ¡C¦pªG¤£¬Oªº¸Ü, ·Æ¹«´å¼Ð·|±`±`¶]¨ì¿Ã¹õªº¥ª¤W¨¤¥h¡C
+
+ <p>«D±`¤£©¯ªº, ³o­Ó°ÝÃD¦b 2.0.X ©M 2.1.X ¤U¬OµL¸Ñªº¡C¦b 2.2 ¨ì 2.2.5
+ ª©, §A¥i¥H¹ï <tt>/sys/i386/isa/psm.c</tt> ¨Ï¥Î¤U¦C patch µM«á­««Ø§Aªº
+ ®Ö¤ß¡C¦pªG§A¨S¦³«Ø¥ß®Ö¤ßªº¸gÅç, ½Ð¬Ý
+ <ref id="make-kernel" name="building a kernel"> ³o¸`¡C
+
+ <verb>
+diff -u psm.c.orig psm.c
+@@ -766,6 +766,8 @@
+ if (verbose >= 2)
+ log(LOG_DEBUG, "psm%d: SET_DEFAULTS return code:%04x\n",
+ unit, i);
++ set_mouse_resolution(sc->kbdc, PSMD_RES_HIGH);
++
+ #if 0
+ set_mouse_scaling(sc->kbdc); /* 1:1 scaling */
+ set_mouse_mode(sc->kbdc); /* stream mode */
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>¦b 2.2.6 ¤Î¥H«áªºª©¥», ¦b PS/2 ·Æ¹«ÅX°Êµ{¦¡¤¤³]©w 0x04 ªº flag ·|
+ §â·Æ¹«³]¦¨°ª¸ÑªR«×¼Ò¦¡¡C¦b¶}¾÷´£¥Ü²Å¸¹®É¥Î "<tt>-c</tt>" ¿ï¶µ¨Ó¶i¤J
+ <em>UserConfig</em> :
+
+ <verb>
+ boot: -c
+ </verb>
+
+ µM«á, ¦b <em>UserConfig</em> ªº©R¥O¦C¤¤Áä¤J :
+
+ <verb>
+ UserConfig> flags psm0 0x04
+ UserConfig> quit
+ </verb>
+
+ <p>«e¤@¸`¦³´£¨ì¥t¤@­Ó¥i¯à¾É­P·Æ¹«°ÝÃDªº­ì¦]¡C
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>·í§Ú«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡®É, <tt/imake/ »¡¥¦§ä¤£¨ì <tt/Imake.tmpl/ ¡C¥¦¦b¨º ?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>Imake.tmpl ¬O Imake ®M¥óªº¤@³¡¥÷, Imake ¬O¼Ð·Çªº«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡ªº¤u¨ã¡C
+ Imake.tmpl ©M¨ä¥L¼Æ­Ó header file ¤@¼Ë¬O«Ø¥ß X µ{¦¡ªº¥²­nÀÉ®×, §A¥i¥H¦b
+ X prog distribution ¤¤§ä¨ì¥¦­Ì¡C§A¥i¥H¥Î sysinstall ¨Ó¦w¸Ë©Î¬Oª½±µ±q
+ X distribution ¤¤¤â°Ê¦w¸Ë¡C
+
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1>
+ <heading>§Ú­n«ç»ò°µ¤~¯à³]©w¥ªºJ¤l¥Îªº·Æ¹« ?
+ </heading>
+
+ <p>¦b§Aªº .xinitrc ©Î¬O .xsession ¤¤°õ¦æ
+ <tt/ xmodmap -e "pointer = 3 2 1"/ ªº«ü¥O¡C
+ </p>
+ </sect1>
+ </sect>
+