diff options
author | Rodney W. Grimes <rgrimes@FreeBSD.org> | 1994-05-26 06:35:07 +0000 |
---|---|---|
committer | Rodney W. Grimes <rgrimes@FreeBSD.org> | 1994-05-26 06:35:07 +0000 |
commit | 8fae3551ec46402adf7ab034cf9e02bcbc7ca8ee (patch) | |
tree | b01471c3d6b141c37639a14b7a25f0433d926a99 /sbin/badsect | |
parent | 4b88c807ea9c629dc5691abc7e3cac9ea0d776dd (diff) | |
download | src-8fae3551ec46402adf7ab034cf9e02bcbc7ca8ee.tar.gz src-8fae3551ec46402adf7ab034cf9e02bcbc7ca8ee.zip |
Notes
Diffstat (limited to 'sbin/badsect')
-rw-r--r-- | sbin/badsect/Makefile | 6 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | sbin/badsect/badsect.8 | 132 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | sbin/badsect/badsect.c | 209 |
3 files changed, 347 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/sbin/badsect/Makefile b/sbin/badsect/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..ff9f4f1d22cb --- /dev/null +++ b/sbin/badsect/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +# @(#)Makefile 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 + +PROG= badsect +MAN8= badsect.0 + +.include <bsd.prog.mk> diff --git a/sbin/badsect/badsect.8 b/sbin/badsect/badsect.8 new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..840011d00225 --- /dev/null +++ b/sbin/badsect/badsect.8 @@ -0,0 +1,132 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1991, 1993 +.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)badsect.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 +.\" +.Dd June 5, 1993 +.Dt BADSECT 8 +.Os BSD 4 +.Sh NAME +.Nm badsect +.Nd create files to contain bad sectors +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm /etc/badsect +.Ar bbdir sector ... +.Sh DESCRIPTION +.Nm Badsect +makes a file to contain a bad sector. Normally, bad sectors +are made inaccessible by the standard formatter, which provides +a forwarding table for bad sectors to the driver; see +.Xr bad144 8 +for details. +If a driver supports the bad blocking standard it is much preferable to +use that method to isolate bad blocks, since the bad block forwarding +makes the pack appear perfect, and such packs can then be copied with +.Xr dd 1 . +The technique used by this program is also less general than +bad block forwarding, as +.Nm badsect +can't make amends for +bad blocks in the i-list of file systems or in swap areas. +.Pp +On some disks, +adding a sector which is suddenly bad to the bad sector table +currently requires the running of the standard +.Tn DEC +formatter. +Thus to deal with a newly bad block +or on disks where the drivers +do not support the bad-blocking standard +.Nm badsect +may be used to good effect. +.Pp +.Nm Badsect +is used on a quiet file system in the following way: +First mount the file system, and change to its root directory. +Make a directory +.Li BAD +there. Run +.Nm badsect +giving as argument the +.Ar BAD +directory followed by +all the bad sectors you wish to add. +(The sector numbers must be relative to the beginning of +the file system, but this is not hard as the system reports +relative sector numbers in its console error messages.) +Then change back to the root directory, unmount the file system +and run +.Xr fsck 8 +on the file system. The bad sectors should show up in two files +or in the bad sector files and the free list. Have +.Xr fsck +remove files containing the offending bad sectors, but +.Em do not +have it remove the +.Pa BAD/ Ns Em nnnnn +files. +This will leave the bad sectors in only the +.Li BAD +files. +.Pp +.Nm Badsect +works by giving the specified sector numbers in a +.Xr mknod 2 +system call, +creating an illegal file whose first block address is the block containing +bad sector and whose name is the bad sector number. +When it is discovered by +.Xr fsck +it will ask +.Dq Li "HOLD BAD BLOCK ?" +A positive response will cause +.Xr fsck +to convert the inode to a regular file containing the bad block. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr bad144 8 , +.Xr fsck 8 , +.Xr format 8 +.Sh DIAGNOSTICS +.Nm Badsect +refuses to attach a block that +resides in a critical area or is out of range of the file system. +A warning is issued if the block is already in use. +.Sh BUGS +If more than one sector which comprise a file system fragment are bad, +you should specify only one of them to +.Nm badsect , +as the blocks in the bad sector files actually cover all the sectors in a +file system fragment. +.Sh HISTORY +The +.Nm +command appeared in +.Bx 4.1 . diff --git a/sbin/badsect/badsect.c b/sbin/badsect/badsect.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..fa978b10a79f --- /dev/null +++ b/sbin/badsect/badsect.c @@ -0,0 +1,209 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 1981, 1983, 1993 + * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software + * must display the following acknowledgement: + * This product includes software developed by the University of + * California, Berkeley and its contributors. + * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors + * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software + * without specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND + * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE + * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE + * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE + * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL + * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS + * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY + * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF + * SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#ifndef lint +static char copyright[] = +"@(#) Copyright (c) 1981, 1983, 1993\n\ + The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; +#endif /* not lint */ + +#ifndef lint +static char sccsid[] = "@(#)badsect.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; +#endif /* not lint */ + +/* + * badsect + * + * Badsect takes a list of file-system relative sector numbers + * and makes files containing the blocks of which these sectors are a part. + * It can be used to contain sectors which have problems if these sectors + * are not part of the bad file for the pack (see bad144). For instance, + * this program can be used if the driver for the file system in question + * does not support bad block forwarding. + */ +#include <sys/param.h> +#include <sys/dir.h> +#include <sys/stat.h> + +#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> +#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> + +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <paths.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <unistd.h> + +union { + struct fs fs; + char fsx[SBSIZE]; +} ufs; +#define sblock ufs.fs +union { + struct cg cg; + char cgx[MAXBSIZE]; +} ucg; +#define acg ucg.cg +struct fs *fs; +int fso, fsi; +int errs; +long dev_bsize = 1; + +char buf[MAXBSIZE]; + +void rdfs __P((daddr_t, int, char *)); +int chkuse __P((daddr_t, int)); + +int +main(argc, argv) + int argc; + char *argv[]; +{ + daddr_t number; + struct stat stbuf, devstat; + register struct direct *dp; + DIR *dirp; + char name[BUFSIZ]; + + if (argc < 3) { + fprintf(stderr, "usage: badsect bbdir blkno [ blkno ]\n"); + exit(1); + } + if (chdir(argv[1]) < 0 || stat(".", &stbuf) < 0) { + perror(argv[1]); + exit(2); + } + strcpy(name, _PATH_DEV); + if ((dirp = opendir(name)) == NULL) { + perror(name); + exit(3); + } + while ((dp = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) { + strcpy(&name[5], dp->d_name); + if (stat(name, &devstat) < 0) { + perror(name); + exit(4); + } + if (stbuf.st_dev == devstat.st_rdev && + (devstat.st_mode & IFMT) == IFBLK) + break; + } + closedir(dirp); + if (dp == NULL) { + printf("Cannot find dev 0%o corresponding to %s\n", + stbuf.st_rdev, argv[1]); + exit(5); + } + if ((fsi = open(name, 0)) < 0) { + perror(name); + exit(6); + } + fs = &sblock; + rdfs(SBOFF, SBSIZE, (char *)fs); + dev_bsize = fs->fs_fsize / fsbtodb(fs, 1); + for (argc -= 2, argv += 2; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) { + number = atoi(*argv); + if (chkuse(number, 1)) + continue; + if (mknod(*argv, IFMT|0600, dbtofsb(fs, number)) < 0) { + perror(*argv); + errs++; + } + } + printf("Don't forget to run ``fsck %s''\n", name); + exit(errs); +} + +int +chkuse(blkno, cnt) + daddr_t blkno; + int cnt; +{ + int cg; + daddr_t fsbn, bn; + + fsbn = dbtofsb(fs, blkno); + if ((unsigned)(fsbn+cnt) > fs->fs_size) { + printf("block %d out of range of file system\n", blkno); + return (1); + } + cg = dtog(fs, fsbn); + if (fsbn < cgdmin(fs, cg)) { + if (cg == 0 || (fsbn+cnt) > cgsblock(fs, cg)) { + printf("block %d in non-data area: cannot attach\n", + blkno); + return (1); + } + } else { + if ((fsbn+cnt) > cgbase(fs, cg+1)) { + printf("block %d in non-data area: cannot attach\n", + blkno); + return (1); + } + } + rdfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)sblock.fs_cgsize, + (char *)&acg); + if (!cg_chkmagic(&acg)) { + fprintf(stderr, "cg %d: bad magic number\n", cg); + errs++; + return (1); + } + bn = dtogd(fs, fsbn); + if (isclr(cg_blksfree(&acg), bn)) + printf("Warning: sector %d is in use\n", blkno); + return (0); +} + +/* + * read a block from the file system + */ +void +rdfs(bno, size, bf) + daddr_t bno; + int size; + char *bf; +{ + int n; + + if (lseek(fsi, (off_t)bno * dev_bsize, SEEK_SET) < 0) { + printf("seek error: %ld\n", bno); + perror("rdfs"); + exit(1); + } + n = read(fsi, bf, size); + if (n != size) { + printf("read error: %ld\n", bno); + perror("rdfs"); + exit(1); + } +} |