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Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker.cpp')
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker.cpp | 180 | 
1 files changed, 180 insertions, 0 deletions
| diff --git a/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker.cpp b/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker.cpp new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..0fa20428c1b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ +//===- EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker.cpp ---------------------------*- C++ -*--===// +// +// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. +// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. +// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception +// +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// +// +// The EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker is responsible for checking integer to +// enumeration casts that could result in undefined values. This could happen +// if the value that we cast from is out of the value range of the enumeration. +// Reference: +// [ISO/IEC 14882-2014] ISO/IEC 14882-2014. +//   Programming Languages — C++, Fourth Edition. 2014. +// C++ Standard, [dcl.enum], in paragraph 8, which defines the range of an enum +// C++ Standard, [expr.static.cast], paragraph 10, which defines the behaviour +//   of casting an integer value that is out of range +// SEI CERT C++ Coding Standard, INT50-CPP. Do not cast to an out-of-range +//   enumeration value +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// + +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/BuiltinCheckerRegistration.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h" +#include "llvm/Support/FormatVariadic.h" +#include <optional> + +using namespace clang; +using namespace ento; +using llvm::formatv; + +namespace { +// This evaluator checks two SVals for equality. The first SVal is provided via +// the constructor, the second is the parameter of the overloaded () operator. +// It uses the in-built ConstraintManager to resolve the equlity to possible or +// not possible ProgramStates. +class ConstraintBasedEQEvaluator { +  const DefinedOrUnknownSVal CompareValue; +  const ProgramStateRef PS; +  SValBuilder &SVB; + +public: +  ConstraintBasedEQEvaluator(CheckerContext &C, +                             const DefinedOrUnknownSVal CompareValue) +      : CompareValue(CompareValue), PS(C.getState()), SVB(C.getSValBuilder()) {} + +  bool operator()(const llvm::APSInt &EnumDeclInitValue) { +    DefinedOrUnknownSVal EnumDeclValue = SVB.makeIntVal(EnumDeclInitValue); +    DefinedOrUnknownSVal ElemEqualsValueToCast = +        SVB.evalEQ(PS, EnumDeclValue, CompareValue); + +    return static_cast<bool>(PS->assume(ElemEqualsValueToCast, true)); +  } +}; + +// This checker checks CastExpr statements. +// If the value provided to the cast is one of the values the enumeration can +// represent, the said value matches the enumeration. If the checker can +// establish the impossibility of matching it gives a warning. +// Being conservative, it does not warn if there is slight possibility the +// value can be matching. +class EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker : public Checker<check::PreStmt<CastExpr>> { +  const BugType EnumValueCastOutOfRange{this, "Enum cast out of range"}; +  void reportWarning(CheckerContext &C, const CastExpr *CE, +                     const EnumDecl *E) const; + +public: +  void checkPreStmt(const CastExpr *CE, CheckerContext &C) const; +}; + +using EnumValueVector = llvm::SmallVector<llvm::APSInt, 6>; + +// Collects all of the values an enum can represent (as SVals). +EnumValueVector getDeclValuesForEnum(const EnumDecl *ED) { +  EnumValueVector DeclValues( +      std::distance(ED->enumerator_begin(), ED->enumerator_end())); +  llvm::transform(ED->enumerators(), DeclValues.begin(), +                  [](const EnumConstantDecl *D) { return D->getInitVal(); }); +  return DeclValues; +} +} // namespace + +void EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker::reportWarning(CheckerContext &C, +                                              const CastExpr *CE, +                                              const EnumDecl *E) const { +  assert(E && "valid EnumDecl* is expected"); +  if (const ExplodedNode *N = C.generateNonFatalErrorNode()) { +    std::string ValueStr = "", NameStr = "the enum"; + +    // Try to add details to the message: +    const auto ConcreteValue = +        C.getSVal(CE->getSubExpr()).getAs<nonloc::ConcreteInt>(); +    if (ConcreteValue) { +      ValueStr = formatv(" '{0}'", ConcreteValue->getValue()); +    } +    if (StringRef EnumName{E->getName()}; !EnumName.empty()) { +      NameStr = formatv("'{0}'", EnumName); +    } + +    std::string Msg = formatv("The value{0} provided to the cast expression is " +                              "not in the valid range of values for {1}", +                              ValueStr, NameStr); + +    auto BR = std::make_unique<PathSensitiveBugReport>(EnumValueCastOutOfRange, +                                                       Msg, N); +    bugreporter::trackExpressionValue(N, CE->getSubExpr(), *BR); +    BR->addNote("enum declared here", +                PathDiagnosticLocation::create(E, C.getSourceManager()), +                {E->getSourceRange()}); +    C.emitReport(std::move(BR)); +  } +} + +void EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker::checkPreStmt(const CastExpr *CE, +                                             CheckerContext &C) const { + +  // Only perform enum range check on casts where such checks are valid.  For +  // all other cast kinds (where enum range checks are unnecessary or invalid), +  // just return immediately.  TODO: The set of casts allowed for enum range +  // checking may be incomplete.  Better to add a missing cast kind to enable a +  // missing check than to generate false negatives and have to remove those +  // later. +  switch (CE->getCastKind()) { +  case CK_IntegralCast: +    break; + +  default: +    return; +    break; +  } + +  // Get the value of the expression to cast. +  const std::optional<DefinedOrUnknownSVal> ValueToCast = +      C.getSVal(CE->getSubExpr()).getAs<DefinedOrUnknownSVal>(); + +  // If the value cannot be reasoned about (not even a DefinedOrUnknownSVal), +  // don't analyze further. +  if (!ValueToCast) +    return; + +  const QualType T = CE->getType(); +  // Check whether the cast type is an enum. +  if (!T->isEnumeralType()) +    return; + +  // If the cast is an enum, get its declaration. +  // If the isEnumeralType() returned true, then the declaration must exist +  // even if it is a stub declaration. It is up to the getDeclValuesForEnum() +  // function to handle this. +  const EnumDecl *ED = T->castAs<EnumType>()->getDecl(); + +  EnumValueVector DeclValues = getDeclValuesForEnum(ED); + +  // If the declarator list is empty, bail out. +  // Every initialization an enum with a fixed underlying type but without any +  // enumerators would produce a warning if we were to continue at this point. +  // The most notable example is std::byte in the C++17 standard library. +  // TODO: Create heuristics to bail out when the enum type is intended to be +  // used to store combinations of flag values (to mitigate the limitation +  // described in the docs). +  if (DeclValues.size() == 0) +    return; + +  // Check if any of the enum values possibly match. +  bool PossibleValueMatch = +      llvm::any_of(DeclValues, ConstraintBasedEQEvaluator(C, *ValueToCast)); + +  // If there is no value that can possibly match any of the enum values, then +  // warn. +  if (!PossibleValueMatch) +    reportWarning(C, CE, ED); +} + +void ento::registerEnumCastOutOfRangeChecker(CheckerManager &mgr) { +  mgr.registerChecker<EnumCastOutOfRangeChecker>(); +} + +bool ento::shouldRegisterEnumCastOutOfRangeChecker(const CheckerManager &mgr) { +  return true; +} | 
