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Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/VLASizeChecker.cpp')
-rw-r--r-- | contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/VLASizeChecker.cpp | 342 |
1 files changed, 342 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/VLASizeChecker.cpp b/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/VLASizeChecker.cpp new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..87d255eeffc1 --- /dev/null +++ b/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/VLASizeChecker.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,342 @@ +//=== VLASizeChecker.cpp - Undefined dereference checker --------*- C++ -*-===// +// +// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. +// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. +// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception +// +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// +// +// This defines VLASizeChecker, a builtin check in ExprEngine that +// performs checks for declaration of VLA of undefined or zero size. +// In addition, VLASizeChecker is responsible for defining the extent +// of the MemRegion that represents a VLA. +// +//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// + +#include "clang/AST/CharUnits.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/BuiltinCheckerRegistration.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/Taint.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h" +#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/DynamicExtent.h" +#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h" +#include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h" +#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h" +#include <optional> + +using namespace clang; +using namespace ento; +using namespace taint; + +namespace { +class VLASizeChecker + : public Checker<check::PreStmt<DeclStmt>, + check::PreStmt<UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr>> { + const BugType BT{this, "Dangerous variable-length array (VLA) declaration"}; + const BugType TaintBT{this, + "Dangerous variable-length array (VLA) declaration", + categories::TaintedData}; + enum VLASize_Kind { VLA_Garbage, VLA_Zero, VLA_Negative, VLA_Overflow }; + + /// Check a VLA for validity. + /// Every dimension of the array and the total size is checked for validity. + /// Returns null or a new state where the size is validated. + /// 'ArraySize' will contain SVal that refers to the total size (in char) + /// of the array. + ProgramStateRef checkVLA(CheckerContext &C, ProgramStateRef State, + const VariableArrayType *VLA, SVal &ArraySize) const; + /// Check a single VLA index size expression for validity. + ProgramStateRef checkVLAIndexSize(CheckerContext &C, ProgramStateRef State, + const Expr *SizeE) const; + + void reportBug(VLASize_Kind Kind, const Expr *SizeE, ProgramStateRef State, + CheckerContext &C) const; + + void reportTaintBug(const Expr *SizeE, ProgramStateRef State, + CheckerContext &C, SVal TaintedSVal) const; + +public: + void checkPreStmt(const DeclStmt *DS, CheckerContext &C) const; + void checkPreStmt(const UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr *UETTE, + CheckerContext &C) const; +}; +} // end anonymous namespace + +ProgramStateRef VLASizeChecker::checkVLA(CheckerContext &C, + ProgramStateRef State, + const VariableArrayType *VLA, + SVal &ArraySize) const { + assert(VLA && "Function should be called with non-null VLA argument."); + + const VariableArrayType *VLALast = nullptr; + llvm::SmallVector<const Expr *, 2> VLASizes; + + // Walk over the VLAs for every dimension until a non-VLA is found. + // There is a VariableArrayType for every dimension (fixed or variable) until + // the most inner array that is variably modified. + // Dimension sizes are collected into 'VLASizes'. 'VLALast' is set to the + // innermost VLA that was encountered. + // In "int vla[x][2][y][3]" this will be the array for index "y" (with type + // int[3]). 'VLASizes' contains 'x', '2', and 'y'. + while (VLA) { + const Expr *SizeE = VLA->getSizeExpr(); + State = checkVLAIndexSize(C, State, SizeE); + if (!State) + return nullptr; + VLASizes.push_back(SizeE); + VLALast = VLA; + VLA = C.getASTContext().getAsVariableArrayType(VLA->getElementType()); + }; + assert(VLALast && + "Array should have at least one variably-modified dimension."); + + ASTContext &Ctx = C.getASTContext(); + SValBuilder &SVB = C.getSValBuilder(); + CanQualType SizeTy = Ctx.getSizeType(); + uint64_t SizeMax = + SVB.getBasicValueFactory().getMaxValue(SizeTy).getZExtValue(); + + // Get the element size. + CharUnits EleSize = Ctx.getTypeSizeInChars(VLALast->getElementType()); + NonLoc ArrSize = + SVB.makeIntVal(EleSize.getQuantity(), SizeTy).castAs<NonLoc>(); + + // Try to calculate the known real size of the array in KnownSize. + uint64_t KnownSize = 0; + if (const llvm::APSInt *KV = SVB.getKnownValue(State, ArrSize)) + KnownSize = KV->getZExtValue(); + + for (const Expr *SizeE : VLASizes) { + auto SizeD = C.getSVal(SizeE).castAs<DefinedSVal>(); + // Convert the array length to size_t. + NonLoc IndexLength = + SVB.evalCast(SizeD, SizeTy, SizeE->getType()).castAs<NonLoc>(); + // Multiply the array length by the element size. + SVal Mul = SVB.evalBinOpNN(State, BO_Mul, ArrSize, IndexLength, SizeTy); + if (auto MulNonLoc = Mul.getAs<NonLoc>()) + ArrSize = *MulNonLoc; + else + // Extent could not be determined. + return State; + + if (const llvm::APSInt *IndexLVal = SVB.getKnownValue(State, IndexLength)) { + // Check if the array size will overflow. + // Size overflow check does not work with symbolic expressions because a + // overflow situation can not be detected easily. + uint64_t IndexL = IndexLVal->getZExtValue(); + // FIXME: See https://reviews.llvm.org/D80903 for discussion of + // some difference in assume and getKnownValue that leads to + // unexpected behavior. Just bail on IndexL == 0 at this point. + if (IndexL == 0) + return nullptr; + + if (KnownSize <= SizeMax / IndexL) { + KnownSize *= IndexL; + } else { + // Array size does not fit into size_t. + reportBug(VLA_Overflow, SizeE, State, C); + return nullptr; + } + } else { + KnownSize = 0; + } + } + + ArraySize = ArrSize; + + return State; +} + +ProgramStateRef VLASizeChecker::checkVLAIndexSize(CheckerContext &C, + ProgramStateRef State, + const Expr *SizeE) const { + SVal SizeV = C.getSVal(SizeE); + + if (SizeV.isUndef()) { + reportBug(VLA_Garbage, SizeE, State, C); + return nullptr; + } + + // See if the size value is known. It can't be undefined because we would have + // warned about that already. + if (SizeV.isUnknown()) + return nullptr; + + // Check if the size is zero. + DefinedSVal SizeD = SizeV.castAs<DefinedSVal>(); + + ProgramStateRef StateNotZero, StateZero; + std::tie(StateNotZero, StateZero) = State->assume(SizeD); + + if (StateZero && !StateNotZero) { + reportBug(VLA_Zero, SizeE, StateZero, C); + return nullptr; + } + + // From this point on, assume that the size is not zero. + State = StateNotZero; + + // Check if the size is negative. + SValBuilder &SVB = C.getSValBuilder(); + + QualType SizeTy = SizeE->getType(); + DefinedOrUnknownSVal Zero = SVB.makeZeroVal(SizeTy); + + SVal LessThanZeroVal = + SVB.evalBinOp(State, BO_LT, SizeD, Zero, SVB.getConditionType()); + ProgramStateRef StatePos, StateNeg; + if (std::optional<DefinedSVal> LessThanZeroDVal = + LessThanZeroVal.getAs<DefinedSVal>()) { + ConstraintManager &CM = C.getConstraintManager(); + + std::tie(StateNeg, StatePos) = CM.assumeDual(State, *LessThanZeroDVal); + if (StateNeg && !StatePos) { + reportBug(VLA_Negative, SizeE, State, C); + return nullptr; + } + State = StatePos; + } + + // Check if the size is tainted. + if ((StateNeg || StateZero) && isTainted(State, SizeV)) { + reportTaintBug(SizeE, State, C, SizeV); + return nullptr; + } + + return State; +} + +void VLASizeChecker::reportTaintBug(const Expr *SizeE, ProgramStateRef State, + CheckerContext &C, SVal TaintedSVal) const { + // Generate an error node. + ExplodedNode *N = C.generateErrorNode(State); + if (!N) + return; + + SmallString<256> buf; + llvm::raw_svector_ostream os(buf); + os << "Declared variable-length array (VLA) "; + os << "has tainted (attacker controlled) size that can be 0 or negative"; + + auto report = std::make_unique<PathSensitiveBugReport>(TaintBT, os.str(), N); + report->addRange(SizeE->getSourceRange()); + bugreporter::trackExpressionValue(N, SizeE, *report); + // The vla size may be a complex expression where multiple memory locations + // are tainted. + for (auto Sym : getTaintedSymbols(State, TaintedSVal)) + report->markInteresting(Sym); + C.emitReport(std::move(report)); +} + +void VLASizeChecker::reportBug(VLASize_Kind Kind, const Expr *SizeE, + ProgramStateRef State, CheckerContext &C) const { + // Generate an error node. + ExplodedNode *N = C.generateErrorNode(State); + if (!N) + return; + + SmallString<256> buf; + llvm::raw_svector_ostream os(buf); + os << "Declared variable-length array (VLA) "; + switch (Kind) { + case VLA_Garbage: + os << "uses a garbage value as its size"; + break; + case VLA_Zero: + os << "has zero size"; + break; + case VLA_Negative: + os << "has negative size"; + break; + case VLA_Overflow: + os << "has too large size"; + break; + } + + auto report = std::make_unique<PathSensitiveBugReport>(BT, os.str(), N); + report->addRange(SizeE->getSourceRange()); + bugreporter::trackExpressionValue(N, SizeE, *report); + C.emitReport(std::move(report)); +} + +void VLASizeChecker::checkPreStmt(const DeclStmt *DS, CheckerContext &C) const { + if (!DS->isSingleDecl()) + return; + + ASTContext &Ctx = C.getASTContext(); + SValBuilder &SVB = C.getSValBuilder(); + ProgramStateRef State = C.getState(); + QualType TypeToCheck; + + const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DS->getSingleDecl()); + + if (VD) + TypeToCheck = VD->getType().getCanonicalType(); + else if (const auto *TND = dyn_cast<TypedefNameDecl>(DS->getSingleDecl())) + TypeToCheck = TND->getUnderlyingType().getCanonicalType(); + else + return; + + const VariableArrayType *VLA = Ctx.getAsVariableArrayType(TypeToCheck); + if (!VLA) + return; + + // Check the VLA sizes for validity. + + SVal ArraySize; + + State = checkVLA(C, State, VLA, ArraySize); + if (!State) + return; + + if (!isa<NonLoc>(ArraySize)) { + // Array size could not be determined but state may contain new assumptions. + C.addTransition(State); + return; + } + + // VLASizeChecker is responsible for defining the extent of the array. + if (VD) { + State = + setDynamicExtent(State, State->getRegion(VD, C.getLocationContext()), + ArraySize.castAs<NonLoc>(), SVB); + } + + // Remember our assumptions! + C.addTransition(State); +} + +void VLASizeChecker::checkPreStmt(const UnaryExprOrTypeTraitExpr *UETTE, + CheckerContext &C) const { + // Want to check for sizeof. + if (UETTE->getKind() != UETT_SizeOf) + return; + + // Ensure a type argument. + if (!UETTE->isArgumentType()) + return; + + const VariableArrayType *VLA = C.getASTContext().getAsVariableArrayType( + UETTE->getTypeOfArgument().getCanonicalType()); + // Ensure that the type is a VLA. + if (!VLA) + return; + + ProgramStateRef State = C.getState(); + SVal ArraySize; + State = checkVLA(C, State, VLA, ArraySize); + if (!State) + return; + + C.addTransition(State); +} + +void ento::registerVLASizeChecker(CheckerManager &mgr) { + mgr.registerChecker<VLASizeChecker>(); +} + +bool ento::shouldRegisterVLASizeChecker(const CheckerManager &mgr) { + return true; +} |