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-rw-r--r--lib/geom/part/Makefile7
-rw-r--r--lib/geom/part/Makefile.depend17
-rw-r--r--lib/geom/part/geom_part.c1288
-rw-r--r--lib/geom/part/gpart.81517
4 files changed, 2829 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/lib/geom/part/Makefile b/lib/geom/part/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..58390e299d6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/geom/part/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+PACKAGE=geom
+
+GEOM_CLASS= part
+
+LIBADD= util
+
+.include <bsd.lib.mk>
diff --git a/lib/geom/part/Makefile.depend b/lib/geom/part/Makefile.depend
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..08cfc713d335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/geom/part/Makefile.depend
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Autogenerated - do NOT edit!
+
+DIRDEPS = \
+ include \
+ include/xlocale \
+ lib/${CSU_DIR} \
+ lib/libc \
+ lib/libcompiler_rt \
+ lib/libgeom \
+ lib/libutil \
+
+
+.include <dirdeps.mk>
+
+.if ${DEP_RELDIR} == ${_DEP_RELDIR}
+# local dependencies - needed for -jN in clean tree
+.endif
diff --git a/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c b/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cbbc81d3cc60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1288 @@
+/*-
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007, 2008 Marcel Moolenaar
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <libgeom.h>
+#include <libutil.h>
+#include <paths.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "core/geom.h"
+#include "misc/subr.h"
+
+#ifdef STATIC_GEOM_CLASSES
+#define PUBSYM(x) gpart_##x
+#else
+#define PUBSYM(x) x
+#endif
+
+uint32_t PUBSYM(lib_version) = G_LIB_VERSION;
+uint32_t PUBSYM(version) = 0;
+
+static char sstart[32];
+static char ssize[32];
+volatile sig_atomic_t undo_restore;
+
+#define GPART_AUTOFILL "*"
+#define GPART_FLAGS "C"
+
+#define GPART_PARAM_BOOTCODE "bootcode"
+#define GPART_PARAM_INDEX "index"
+#define GPART_PARAM_PARTCODE "partcode"
+#define GPART_PARAM_SKIP_DSN "skip_dsn"
+
+static struct gclass *find_class(struct gmesh *, const char *);
+static struct ggeom * find_geom(struct gclass *, const char *);
+static int geom_is_withered(struct ggeom *);
+static const char *find_geomcfg(struct ggeom *, const char *);
+static const char *find_provcfg(struct gprovider *, const char *);
+static struct gprovider *find_provider(struct ggeom *, off_t);
+static const char *fmtsize(int64_t);
+static int gpart_autofill(struct gctl_req *);
+static int gpart_autofill_resize(struct gctl_req *);
+static void gpart_bootcode(struct gctl_req *, unsigned int);
+static void *gpart_bootfile_read(const char *, ssize_t *);
+static _Noreturn void gpart_issue(struct gctl_req *, unsigned int);
+static void gpart_show(struct gctl_req *, unsigned int);
+static void gpart_show_geom(struct ggeom *, const char *, int);
+static int gpart_show_hasopt(struct gctl_req *, const char *, const char *);
+static void gpart_write_partcode(struct gctl_req *, int, void *, ssize_t);
+static void gpart_print_error(const char *);
+static void gpart_backup(struct gctl_req *, unsigned int);
+static void gpart_restore(struct gctl_req *, unsigned int);
+
+struct g_command PUBSYM(class_commands)[] = {
+ { "add", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'a', "alignment", GPART_AUTOFILL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'b', "start", GPART_AUTOFILL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 's', "size", GPART_AUTOFILL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 't', "type", NULL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'i', GPART_PARAM_INDEX, G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'l', "label", G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "-t type [-a alignment] [-b start] [-s size] [-i index] "
+ "[-l label] [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "backup", 0, gpart_backup, G_NULL_OPTS,
+ "geom"
+ },
+ { "bootcode", 0, gpart_bootcode, {
+ { 'b', GPART_PARAM_BOOTCODE, G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'p', GPART_PARAM_PARTCODE, G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'i', GPART_PARAM_INDEX, G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'N', GPART_PARAM_SKIP_DSN, NULL, G_TYPE_BOOL },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "[-N] [-b bootcode] [-p partcode -i index] [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "commit", 0, gpart_issue, G_NULL_OPTS,
+ "geom"
+ },
+ { "create", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 's', "scheme", NULL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'n', "entries", G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "-s scheme [-n entries] [-f flags] provider"
+ },
+ { "delete", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'i', GPART_PARAM_INDEX, NULL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "-i index [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "destroy", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'F', "force", NULL, G_TYPE_BOOL },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "[-F] [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "modify", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'i', GPART_PARAM_INDEX, NULL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'l', "label", G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 't', "type", G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "-i index [-l label] [-t type] [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "set", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'a', "attrib", NULL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'i', GPART_PARAM_INDEX, G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "-a attrib [-i index] [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "show", 0, gpart_show, {
+ { 'l', "show_label", NULL, G_TYPE_BOOL },
+ { 'r', "show_rawtype", NULL, G_TYPE_BOOL },
+ { 'p', "show_providers", NULL, G_TYPE_BOOL },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "[-l | -r] [-p] [geom ...]"
+ },
+ { "undo", 0, gpart_issue, G_NULL_OPTS,
+ "geom"
+ },
+ { "unset", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'a', "attrib", NULL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'i', GPART_PARAM_INDEX, G_VAL_OPTIONAL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "-a attrib [-i index] [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "resize", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'a', "alignment", GPART_AUTOFILL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 's', "size", GPART_AUTOFILL, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ { 'i', GPART_PARAM_INDEX, NULL, G_TYPE_NUMBER },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "-i index [-a alignment] [-s size] [-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ { "restore", 0, gpart_restore, {
+ { 'F', "force", NULL, G_TYPE_BOOL },
+ { 'l', "restore_labels", NULL, G_TYPE_BOOL },
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "[-lF] [-f flags] provider [...]"
+ },
+ { "recover", 0, gpart_issue, {
+ { 'f', "flags", GPART_FLAGS, G_TYPE_STRING },
+ G_OPT_SENTINEL },
+ "[-f flags] geom"
+ },
+ G_CMD_SENTINEL
+};
+
+static struct gclass *
+find_class(struct gmesh *mesh, const char *name)
+{
+ struct gclass *classp;
+
+ LIST_FOREACH(classp, &mesh->lg_class, lg_class) {
+ if (strcmp(classp->lg_name, name) == 0)
+ return (classp);
+ }
+ return (NULL);
+}
+
+static struct ggeom *
+find_geom(struct gclass *classp, const char *name)
+{
+ struct ggeom *gp, *wgp;
+
+ if (strncmp(name, _PATH_DEV, sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1) == 0)
+ name += sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
+ wgp = NULL;
+ LIST_FOREACH(gp, &classp->lg_geom, lg_geom) {
+ if (strcmp(gp->lg_name, name) != 0)
+ continue;
+ if (!geom_is_withered(gp))
+ return (gp);
+ else
+ wgp = gp;
+ }
+ return (wgp);
+}
+
+static int
+geom_is_withered(struct ggeom *gp)
+{
+ struct gconfig *gc;
+
+ LIST_FOREACH(gc, &gp->lg_config, lg_config) {
+ if (!strcmp(gc->lg_name, "wither"))
+ return (1);
+ }
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static const char *
+find_geomcfg(struct ggeom *gp, const char *cfg)
+{
+ struct gconfig *gc;
+
+ LIST_FOREACH(gc, &gp->lg_config, lg_config) {
+ if (!strcmp(gc->lg_name, cfg))
+ return (gc->lg_val);
+ }
+ return (NULL);
+}
+
+static const char *
+find_provcfg(struct gprovider *pp, const char *cfg)
+{
+ struct gconfig *gc;
+
+ LIST_FOREACH(gc, &pp->lg_config, lg_config) {
+ if (!strcmp(gc->lg_name, cfg))
+ return (gc->lg_val);
+ }
+ return (NULL);
+}
+
+static struct gprovider *
+find_provider(struct ggeom *gp, off_t minsector)
+{
+ struct gprovider *pp, *bestpp;
+ const char *s;
+ off_t sector, bestsector;
+
+ bestpp = NULL;
+ bestsector = 0;
+ LIST_FOREACH(pp, &gp->lg_provider, lg_provider) {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "start");
+ sector = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ if (sector < minsector)
+ continue;
+ if (bestpp != NULL && sector >= bestsector)
+ continue;
+
+ bestpp = pp;
+ bestsector = sector;
+ }
+ return (bestpp);
+}
+
+static const char *
+fmtsize(int64_t rawsz)
+{
+ static char buf[5];
+
+ humanize_number(buf, sizeof(buf), rawsz, "", HN_AUTOSCALE,
+ HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
+ return (buf);
+}
+
+static const char *
+fmtattrib(struct gprovider *pp)
+{
+ static char buf[128];
+ struct gconfig *gc;
+ u_int idx;
+
+ buf[0] = '\0';
+ idx = 0;
+ LIST_FOREACH(gc, &pp->lg_config, lg_config) {
+ if (strcmp(gc->lg_name, "attrib") != 0)
+ continue;
+ idx += snprintf(buf + idx, sizeof(buf) - idx, "%s%s",
+ (idx == 0) ? " [" : ",", gc->lg_val);
+ }
+ if (idx > 0)
+ snprintf(buf + idx, sizeof(buf) - idx, "] ");
+ return (buf);
+}
+
+#define ALIGNDOWN(d, a) ((d) - (d) % (a))
+#define ALIGNUP(d, a) ((d) % (a) ? (d) - (d) % (a) + (a): (d))
+
+static int
+gpart_autofill_resize(struct gctl_req *req)
+{
+ struct gmesh mesh;
+ struct gclass *cp;
+ struct ggeom *gp;
+ struct gprovider *pp;
+ off_t last, size, start, new_size;
+ off_t lba, new_lba, alignment, offset;
+ const char *g, *s;
+ int error, idx, has_alignment;
+
+ idx = (int)gctl_get_intmax(req, GPART_PARAM_INDEX);
+ if (idx < 1)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid partition index");
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "class");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ abort();
+ g = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg0");
+ if (g == NULL)
+ abort();
+ error = geom_gettree_geom(&mesh, s, g, 1);
+ if (error)
+ return (error);
+ cp = find_class(&mesh, s);
+ if (cp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Class %s not found.", s);
+ gp = find_geom(cp, g);
+ if (gp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such geom: %s.", g);
+ pp = LIST_FIRST(&gp->lg_consumer)->lg_provider;
+ if (pp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Provider for geom %s not found.", g);
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "alignment");
+ has_alignment = (*s == '*') ? 0 : 1;
+ alignment = 1;
+ if (has_alignment) {
+ error = g_parse_lba(s, pp->lg_sectorsize, &alignment);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Invalid alignment param");
+ if (alignment == 0)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid alignment param");
+ } else {
+ lba = pp->lg_stripesize / pp->lg_sectorsize;
+ if (lba > 0)
+ alignment = lba;
+ }
+ error = gctl_delete_param(req, "alignment");
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "internal error");
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "size");
+ if (*s == '*')
+ new_size = 0;
+ else {
+ error = g_parse_lba(s, pp->lg_sectorsize, &new_size);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Invalid size param");
+ /* no autofill necessary. */
+ if (has_alignment == 0)
+ goto done;
+ }
+
+ offset = (pp->lg_stripeoffset / pp->lg_sectorsize) % alignment;
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "last");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Final block not found for geom %s",
+ gp->lg_name);
+ last = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ LIST_FOREACH(pp, &gp->lg_provider, lg_provider) {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "index");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ continue;
+ if (atoi(s) == idx)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (pp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid partition index");
+
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "start");
+ start = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "end");
+ lba = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ size = lba - start + 1;
+
+ pp = find_provider(gp, lba + 1);
+ if (new_size > 0 && (new_size <= size || pp == NULL)) {
+ /* The start offset may be not aligned, so we align the end
+ * offset and then calculate the size.
+ */
+ new_size = ALIGNDOWN(start + offset + new_size,
+ alignment) - start - offset;
+ goto done;
+ }
+ if (pp == NULL) {
+ new_size = ALIGNDOWN(last + offset + 1, alignment) -
+ start - offset;
+ if (new_size < size)
+ return (ENOSPC);
+ } else {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "start");
+ new_lba = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ /*
+ * Is there any free space between current and
+ * next providers?
+ */
+ new_lba = ALIGNDOWN(new_lba + offset, alignment) - offset;
+ if (new_lba > lba)
+ new_size = new_lba - start;
+ else {
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ return (ENOSPC);
+ }
+ }
+done:
+ snprintf(ssize, sizeof(ssize), "%jd", (intmax_t)new_size);
+ gctl_change_param(req, "size", -1, ssize);
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+gpart_autofill(struct gctl_req *req)
+{
+ struct gmesh mesh;
+ struct gclass *cp;
+ struct ggeom *gp;
+ struct gprovider *pp;
+ off_t first, last, a_first;
+ off_t size, start, a_lba;
+ off_t lba, len, alignment, offset;
+ uintmax_t grade;
+ const char *g, *s;
+ int error, has_size, has_start, has_alignment;
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "verb");
+ if (strcmp(s, "resize") == 0)
+ return gpart_autofill_resize(req);
+ if (strcmp(s, "add") != 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "class");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ abort();
+ g = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg0");
+ if (g == NULL)
+ abort();
+ error = geom_gettree_geom(&mesh, s, g, 1);
+ if (error)
+ return (error);
+ cp = find_class(&mesh, s);
+ if (cp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Class %s not found.", s);
+ gp = find_geom(cp, g);
+ if (gp == NULL) {
+ if (g_device_path(g) == NULL) {
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such geom %s.", g);
+ } else {
+ /*
+ * We don't free memory allocated by g_device_path() as
+ * we are about to exit.
+ */
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
+ "No partitioning scheme found on geom %s. Create one first using 'gpart create'.",
+ g);
+ }
+ }
+ pp = LIST_FIRST(&gp->lg_consumer)->lg_provider;
+ if (pp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Provider for geom %s not found.", g);
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "alignment");
+ has_alignment = (*s == '*') ? 0 : 1;
+ alignment = 1;
+ if (has_alignment) {
+ error = g_parse_lba(s, pp->lg_sectorsize, &alignment);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Invalid alignment param");
+ if (alignment == 0)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid alignment param");
+ }
+ error = gctl_delete_param(req, "alignment");
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "internal error");
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "size");
+ has_size = (*s == '*') ? 0 : 1;
+ size = 0;
+ if (has_size) {
+ error = g_parse_lba(s, pp->lg_sectorsize, &size);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Invalid size param");
+ }
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "start");
+ has_start = (*s == '*') ? 0 : 1;
+ start = 0ULL;
+ if (has_start) {
+ error = g_parse_lba(s, pp->lg_sectorsize, &start);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Invalid start param");
+ }
+
+ /* No autofill necessary. */
+ if (has_size && has_start && !has_alignment)
+ goto done;
+
+ len = pp->lg_stripesize / pp->lg_sectorsize;
+ if (len > 0 && !has_alignment)
+ alignment = len;
+
+ /* Adjust parameters to stripeoffset */
+ offset = (pp->lg_stripeoffset / pp->lg_sectorsize) % alignment;
+ start = ALIGNUP(start + offset, alignment);
+ if (size > alignment)
+ size = ALIGNDOWN(size, alignment);
+
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "first");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Starting block not found for geom %s",
+ gp->lg_name);
+ first = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "last");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Final block not found for geom %s",
+ gp->lg_name);
+ last = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ grade = ~0ULL;
+ a_first = ALIGNUP(first + offset, alignment);
+ last = ALIGNDOWN(last + offset + 1, alignment) - 1;
+ if (a_first < start)
+ a_first = start;
+ while ((pp = find_provider(gp, first)) != NULL) {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "start");
+ lba = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ a_lba = ALIGNDOWN(lba + offset, alignment);
+ if (first < a_lba && a_first < a_lba) {
+ /* Free space [first, lba> */
+ len = a_lba - a_first;
+ if (has_size) {
+ if (len >= size &&
+ (uintmax_t)(len - size) < grade) {
+ start = a_first;
+ grade = len - size;
+ }
+ } else if (has_start) {
+ if (start >= a_first && start < a_lba) {
+ size = a_lba - start;
+ grade = start - a_first;
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (grade == ~0ULL || len > size) {
+ start = a_first;
+ size = len;
+ grade = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "end");
+ first = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0) + 1;
+ if (first + offset > a_first)
+ a_first = ALIGNUP(first + offset, alignment);
+ }
+ if (a_first <= last) {
+ /* Free space [first-last] */
+ len = ALIGNDOWN(last - a_first + 1, alignment);
+ if (has_size) {
+ if (len >= size &&
+ (uintmax_t)(len - size) < grade) {
+ start = a_first;
+ grade = len - size;
+ }
+ } else if (has_start) {
+ if (start >= a_first && start <= last) {
+ size = ALIGNDOWN(last - start + 1, alignment);
+ grade = start - a_first;
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (grade == ~0ULL || len > size) {
+ start = a_first;
+ size = len;
+ grade = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (grade == ~0ULL) {
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ return (ENOSPC);
+ }
+ start -= offset; /* Return back to real offset */
+done:
+ snprintf(ssize, sizeof(ssize), "%jd", (intmax_t)size);
+ gctl_change_param(req, "size", -1, ssize);
+ snprintf(sstart, sizeof(sstart), "%jd", (intmax_t)start);
+ gctl_change_param(req, "start", -1, sstart);
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_show_geom(struct ggeom *gp, const char *element, int show_providers)
+{
+ struct gprovider *pp;
+ const char *s, *scheme;
+ off_t first, last, sector, end;
+ off_t length, secsz;
+ int idx, wblocks, wname, wmax;
+
+ if (geom_is_withered(gp))
+ return;
+ scheme = find_geomcfg(gp, "scheme");
+ if (scheme == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Scheme not found for geom %s", gp->lg_name);
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "first");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Starting block not found for geom %s",
+ gp->lg_name);
+ first = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "last");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Final block not found for geom %s",
+ gp->lg_name);
+ last = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ wblocks = strlen(s);
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "state");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "State not found for geom %s", gp->lg_name);
+ if (s != NULL && *s != 'C')
+ s = NULL;
+ wmax = strlen(gp->lg_name);
+ if (show_providers) {
+ LIST_FOREACH(pp, &gp->lg_provider, lg_provider) {
+ wname = strlen(pp->lg_name);
+ if (wname > wmax)
+ wmax = wname;
+ }
+ }
+ wname = wmax;
+ pp = LIST_FIRST(&gp->lg_consumer)->lg_provider;
+ secsz = pp->lg_sectorsize;
+ printf("=>%*jd %*jd %*s %s (%s)%s\n",
+ wblocks, (intmax_t)first, wblocks, (intmax_t)(last - first + 1),
+ wname, gp->lg_name,
+ scheme, fmtsize(pp->lg_mediasize),
+ s ? " [CORRUPT]": "");
+
+ while ((pp = find_provider(gp, first)) != NULL) {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "start");
+ sector = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "end");
+ end = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ length = end - sector + 1;
+
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "index");
+ idx = atoi(s);
+ if (first < sector) {
+ printf(" %*jd %*jd %*s - free - (%s)\n",
+ wblocks, (intmax_t)first, wblocks,
+ (intmax_t)(sector - first), wname, "",
+ fmtsize((sector - first) * secsz));
+ }
+ if (show_providers) {
+ printf(" %*jd %*jd %*s %s %s (%s)\n",
+ wblocks, (intmax_t)sector, wblocks,
+ (intmax_t)length, wname, pp->lg_name,
+ find_provcfg(pp, element), fmtattrib(pp),
+ fmtsize(pp->lg_mediasize));
+ } else
+ printf(" %*jd %*jd %*d %s %s (%s)\n",
+ wblocks, (intmax_t)sector, wblocks,
+ (intmax_t)length, wname, idx,
+ find_provcfg(pp, element), fmtattrib(pp),
+ fmtsize(pp->lg_mediasize));
+ first = end + 1;
+ }
+ if (first <= last) {
+ length = last - first + 1;
+ printf(" %*jd %*jd %*s - free - (%s)\n",
+ wblocks, (intmax_t)first, wblocks, (intmax_t)length,
+ wname, "",
+ fmtsize(length * secsz));
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+}
+
+static int
+gpart_show_hasopt(struct gctl_req *req, const char *opt, const char *elt)
+{
+
+ if (!gctl_get_int(req, "%s", opt))
+ return (0);
+
+ if (elt != NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "-l and -r are mutually exclusive");
+
+ return (1);
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_show(struct gctl_req *req, unsigned int fl __unused)
+{
+ struct gmesh mesh;
+ struct gclass *classp;
+ struct ggeom *gp;
+ const char *element, *name;
+ int error, i, nargs, show_providers;
+
+ element = NULL;
+ if (gpart_show_hasopt(req, "show_label", element))
+ element = "label";
+ if (gpart_show_hasopt(req, "show_rawtype", element))
+ element = "rawtype";
+ if (element == NULL)
+ element = "type";
+
+ name = gctl_get_ascii(req, "class");
+ if (name == NULL)
+ abort();
+ nargs = gctl_get_int(req, "nargs");
+ if (nargs == 1) {
+ error = geom_gettree_geom(&mesh, name,
+ gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg0"), 1);
+ } else
+ error = geom_gettree(&mesh);
+ if (error != 0)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Cannot get GEOM tree");
+ classp = find_class(&mesh, name);
+ if (classp == NULL) {
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Class %s not found.", name);
+ }
+ show_providers = gctl_get_int(req, "show_providers");
+ if (nargs > 0) {
+ for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+ name = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg%d", i);
+ gp = find_geom(classp, name);
+ if (gp != NULL)
+ gpart_show_geom(gp, element, show_providers);
+ else
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such geom: %s.", name);
+ }
+ } else {
+ LIST_FOREACH(gp, &classp->lg_geom, lg_geom) {
+ gpart_show_geom(gp, element, show_providers);
+ }
+ }
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_backup(struct gctl_req *req, unsigned int fl __unused)
+{
+ struct gmesh mesh;
+ struct gclass *classp;
+ struct gprovider *pp;
+ struct ggeom *gp;
+ const char *g, *s, *scheme;
+ off_t sector, end;
+ off_t length;
+ int error, i, windex, wblocks, wtype;
+
+ if (gctl_get_int(req, "nargs") != 1)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid number of arguments.");
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "class");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ abort();
+ g = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg0");
+ if (g == NULL)
+ abort();
+ error = geom_gettree_geom(&mesh, s, g, 0);
+ if (error != 0)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Cannot get GEOM tree");
+ classp = find_class(&mesh, s);
+ if (classp == NULL) {
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Class %s not found.", s);
+ }
+ gp = find_geom(classp, g);
+ if (gp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such geom: %s.", g);
+ scheme = find_geomcfg(gp, "scheme");
+ if (scheme == NULL)
+ abort();
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "last");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ abort();
+ wblocks = strlen(s);
+ wtype = 0;
+ LIST_FOREACH(pp, &gp->lg_provider, lg_provider) {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "type");
+ i = strlen(s);
+ if (i > wtype)
+ wtype = i;
+ }
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "entries");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ abort();
+ windex = strlen(s);
+ printf("%s %s\n", scheme, s);
+ LIST_FOREACH(pp, &gp->lg_provider, lg_provider) {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "start");
+ sector = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "end");
+ end = (off_t)strtoimax(s, NULL, 0);
+ length = end - sector + 1;
+
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "label");
+ printf("%-*s %*s %*jd %*jd %s %s\n",
+ windex, find_provcfg(pp, "index"),
+ wtype, find_provcfg(pp, "type"),
+ wblocks, (intmax_t)sector,
+ wblocks, (intmax_t)length,
+ (s != NULL) ? s: "", fmtattrib(pp));
+ }
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+}
+
+static int
+skip_line(const char *p)
+{
+
+ while (*p != '\0') {
+ if (*p == '#')
+ return (1);
+ if (isspace(*p) == 0)
+ return (0);
+ p++;
+ }
+ return (1);
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_sighndl(int sig __unused)
+{
+ undo_restore = 1;
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_restore(struct gctl_req *req, unsigned int fl __unused)
+{
+ struct gmesh mesh;
+ struct gclass *classp;
+ struct gctl_req *r;
+ struct ggeom *gp;
+ struct sigaction si_sa;
+ const char *s, *flags, *errstr, *label;
+ char **ap, *argv[6], line[BUFSIZ], *pline;
+ int error, forced, i, l, nargs, created, rl;
+ intmax_t n;
+
+ nargs = gctl_get_int(req, "nargs");
+ if (nargs < 1)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+ forced = gctl_get_int(req, "force");
+ flags = gctl_get_ascii(req, "flags");
+ rl = gctl_get_int(req, "restore_labels");
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "class");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ abort();
+ error = geom_gettree(&mesh);
+ if (error != 0)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Cannot get GEOM tree");
+ classp = find_class(&mesh, s);
+ if (classp == NULL) {
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Class %s not found.", s);
+ }
+
+ sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
+ si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
+ si_sa.sa_handler = gpart_sighndl;
+ if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "sigaction SIGINT");
+
+ if (forced) {
+ /* destroy existent partition table before restore */
+ for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg%d", i);
+ gp = find_geom(classp, s);
+ if (gp != NULL) {
+ r = gctl_get_handle();
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "class", -1,
+ classp->lg_name);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "verb", -1, "destroy");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "flags", -1, "restore");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "force", sizeof(forced),
+ &forced);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "arg0", -1, s);
+ errstr = gctl_issue(r);
+ if (errstr != NULL && errstr[0] != '\0') {
+ gpart_print_error(errstr);
+ gctl_free(r);
+ goto backout;
+ }
+ gctl_free(r);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ created = 0;
+ while (undo_restore == 0 &&
+ fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, stdin) != NULL) {
+ /* Format of backup entries:
+ * <scheme name> <number of entries>
+ * <index> <type> <start> <size> [label] ['['attrib[,attrib]']']
+ */
+ pline = (char *)line;
+ pline[strlen(line) - 1] = 0;
+ if (skip_line(pline))
+ continue;
+ for (ap = argv;
+ (*ap = strsep(&pline, " \t")) != NULL;)
+ if (**ap != '\0' && ++ap >= &argv[6])
+ break;
+ l = ap - &argv[0];
+ label = pline = NULL;
+ if (l == 1 || l == 2) { /* create table */
+ if (created)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Incorrect backup format.");
+ if (l == 2)
+ n = strtoimax(argv[1], NULL, 0);
+ for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg%d", i);
+ r = gctl_get_handle();
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "class", -1,
+ classp->lg_name);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "verb", -1, "create");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "scheme", -1, argv[0]);
+ if (l == 2)
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "entries",
+ sizeof(n), &n);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "flags", -1, "restore");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "arg0", -1, s);
+ errstr = gctl_issue(r);
+ if (errstr != NULL && errstr[0] != '\0') {
+ gpart_print_error(errstr);
+ gctl_free(r);
+ goto backout;
+ }
+ gctl_free(r);
+ }
+ created = 1;
+ continue;
+ } else if (l < 4 || created == 0)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Incorrect backup format.");
+ else if (l == 5) {
+ if (strchr(argv[4], '[') == NULL)
+ label = argv[4];
+ else
+ pline = argv[4];
+ } else if (l == 6) {
+ label = argv[4];
+ pline = argv[5];
+ }
+ /* Add partitions to each table */
+ for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg%d", i);
+ r = gctl_get_handle();
+ n = strtoimax(argv[0], NULL, 0);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "class", -1, classp->lg_name);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "verb", -1, "add");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "flags", -1, "restore");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, GPART_PARAM_INDEX, sizeof(n), &n);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "type", -1, argv[1]);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "start", -1, argv[2]);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "size", -1, argv[3]);
+ if (rl != 0 && label != NULL)
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "label", -1, argv[4]);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "alignment", -1, GPART_AUTOFILL);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "arg0", -1, s);
+ error = gpart_autofill(r);
+ if (error != 0)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "autofill");
+ errstr = gctl_issue(r);
+ if (errstr != NULL && errstr[0] != '\0') {
+ gpart_print_error(errstr);
+ gctl_free(r);
+ goto backout;
+ }
+ gctl_free(r);
+ }
+ if (pline == NULL || *pline != '[')
+ continue;
+ /* set attributes */
+ pline++;
+ for (ap = argv;
+ (*ap = strsep(&pline, ",]")) != NULL;)
+ if (**ap != '\0' && ++ap >= &argv[6])
+ break;
+ for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+ l = ap - &argv[0];
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg%d", i);
+ while (l > 0) {
+ r = gctl_get_handle();
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "class", -1, classp->lg_name);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "verb", -1, "set");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "flags", -1, "restore");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, GPART_PARAM_INDEX,
+ sizeof(n), &n);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "attrib", -1, argv[--l]);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "arg0", -1, s);
+ errstr = gctl_issue(r);
+ if (errstr != NULL && errstr[0] != '\0') {
+ gpart_print_error(errstr);
+ gctl_free(r);
+ goto backout;
+ }
+ gctl_free(r);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (undo_restore)
+ goto backout;
+ /* commit changes if needed */
+ if (strchr(flags, 'C') != NULL) {
+ for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg%d", i);
+ r = gctl_get_handle();
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "class", -1, classp->lg_name);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "verb", -1, "commit");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "arg0", -1, s);
+ errstr = gctl_issue(r);
+ if (errstr != NULL && errstr[0] != '\0') {
+ gpart_print_error(errstr);
+ gctl_free(r);
+ goto backout;
+ }
+ gctl_free(r);
+ }
+ }
+ gctl_free(req);
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
+backout:
+ for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg%d", i);
+ r = gctl_get_handle();
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "class", -1, classp->lg_name);
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "verb", -1, "undo");
+ gctl_ro_param(r, "arg0", -1, s);
+ gctl_issue(r);
+ gctl_free(r);
+ }
+ gctl_free(req);
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void *
+gpart_bootfile_read(const char *bootfile, ssize_t *size)
+{
+ struct stat sb;
+ void *code;
+ int fd;
+
+ if (stat(bootfile, &sb) == -1)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bootfile);
+ if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: not a regular file", bootfile);
+ if (sb.st_size == 0)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: empty file", bootfile);
+ if (*size > 0 && sb.st_size > *size)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: file too big (%zu limit)", bootfile,
+ *size);
+
+ *size = sb.st_size;
+
+ fd = open(bootfile, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd == -1)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bootfile);
+ code = malloc(*size);
+ if (code == NULL)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, NULL);
+ if (read(fd, code, *size) != *size)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", bootfile);
+ close(fd);
+
+ return (code);
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_write_partcode(struct gctl_req *req, int idx, void *code, ssize_t size)
+{
+ char dsf[128];
+ struct gmesh mesh;
+ struct gclass *classp;
+ struct ggeom *gp;
+ struct gprovider *pp;
+ const char *g, *s;
+ char *buf;
+ off_t bsize;
+ int error, fd;
+
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, "class");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ abort();
+ g = gctl_get_ascii(req, "arg0");
+ if (g == NULL)
+ abort();
+ error = geom_gettree_geom(&mesh, s, g, 0);
+ if (error != 0)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "Cannot get GEOM tree");
+ classp = find_class(&mesh, s);
+ if (classp == NULL) {
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Class %s not found.", s);
+ }
+ gp = find_geom(classp, g);
+ if (gp == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such geom: %s.", g);
+ s = find_geomcfg(gp, "scheme");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Scheme not found for geom %s", gp->lg_name);
+
+ LIST_FOREACH(pp, &gp->lg_provider, lg_provider) {
+ s = find_provcfg(pp, "index");
+ if (s == NULL)
+ continue;
+ if (atoi(s) == idx)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (pp != NULL) {
+ snprintf(dsf, sizeof(dsf), "/dev/%s", pp->lg_name);
+ if (pp->lg_mediasize < size)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: not enough space", dsf);
+ fd = open(dsf, O_WRONLY);
+ if (fd == -1)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dsf);
+ /*
+ * When writing to a disk device, the write must be
+ * sector aligned and not write to any partial sectors,
+ * so round up the buffer size to the next sector and zero it.
+ */
+ bsize = (size + pp->lg_sectorsize - 1) /
+ pp->lg_sectorsize * pp->lg_sectorsize;
+ buf = calloc(1, bsize);
+ if (buf == NULL)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dsf);
+ bcopy(code, buf, size);
+ if (write(fd, buf, bsize) != bsize)
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", dsf);
+ free(buf);
+ close(fd);
+ printf("partcode written to %s\n", pp->lg_name);
+ } else
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid partition index");
+
+ geom_deletetree(&mesh);
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_bootcode(struct gctl_req *req, unsigned int fl)
+{
+ const char *s;
+ void *bootcode, *partcode;
+ size_t bootsize, partsize;
+ int error, idx;
+
+ if (gctl_get_int(req, "nargs") != 1)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+ if (gctl_has_param(req, GPART_PARAM_BOOTCODE)) {
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, GPART_PARAM_BOOTCODE);
+ bootsize = 800 * 1024; /* Arbitrary limit. */
+ bootcode = gpart_bootfile_read(s, &bootsize);
+ error = gctl_change_param(req, GPART_PARAM_BOOTCODE, bootsize,
+ bootcode);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "internal error");
+ } else
+ bootcode = NULL;
+
+ if (!gctl_has_param(req, GPART_PARAM_PARTCODE)) {
+ if (bootcode == NULL)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "neither -b nor -p specified");
+ if (gctl_has_param(req, GPART_PARAM_INDEX))
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "-i is only valid with -p");
+ goto nopartcode;
+ }
+
+ if (gctl_has_param(req, GPART_PARAM_INDEX)) {
+ idx = (int)gctl_get_intmax(req, GPART_PARAM_INDEX);
+ if (idx < 1)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid partition index");
+ error = gctl_delete_param(req, GPART_PARAM_INDEX);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "internal error");
+ } else
+ idx = 0;
+
+ if (gctl_has_param(req, GPART_PARAM_PARTCODE)) {
+ s = gctl_get_ascii(req, GPART_PARAM_PARTCODE);
+ partsize = 1024 * 1024; /* Arbitrary limit. */
+ partcode = gpart_bootfile_read(s, &partsize);
+ error = gctl_delete_param(req, GPART_PARAM_PARTCODE);
+ if (error)
+ errc(EXIT_FAILURE, error, "internal error");
+ if (idx == 0)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "missing -i option");
+ gpart_write_partcode(req, idx, partcode, partsize);
+ free(partcode);
+ }
+
+nopartcode:
+ if (bootcode != NULL)
+ gpart_issue(req, fl);
+}
+
+static void
+gpart_print_error(const char *errstr)
+{
+ char *errmsg;
+ int error;
+
+ error = strtol(errstr, &errmsg, 0);
+ if (errmsg != errstr) {
+ while (errmsg[0] == ' ')
+ errmsg++;
+ if (errmsg[0] != '\0')
+ warnc(error, "%s", errmsg);
+ else
+ warnc(error, NULL);
+ } else
+ warnx("%s", errmsg);
+}
+
+static _Noreturn void
+gpart_issue(struct gctl_req *req, unsigned int fl __unused)
+{
+ char buf[4096];
+ const char *errstr;
+ int error, status;
+
+ if (gctl_get_int(req, "nargs") != 1)
+ errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid number of arguments.");
+ (void)gctl_delete_param(req, "nargs");
+
+ /* autofill parameters (if applicable). */
+ error = gpart_autofill(req);
+ if (error) {
+ warnc(error, "autofill");
+ status = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto done;
+ }
+
+ buf[0] = '\0';
+ gctl_add_param(req, "output", sizeof(buf), buf,
+ GCTL_PARAM_WR | GCTL_PARAM_ASCII);
+ errstr = gctl_issue(req);
+ if (errstr == NULL || errstr[0] == '\0') {
+ if (buf[0] != '\0')
+ printf("%s", buf);
+ status = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+ goto done;
+ }
+
+ gpart_print_error(errstr);
+ status = EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+ done:
+ gctl_free(req);
+ exit(status);
+}
diff --git a/lib/geom/part/gpart.8 b/lib/geom/part/gpart.8
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f76c1d9d5d6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/geom/part/gpart.8
@@ -0,0 +1,1517 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 2007, 2008 Marcel Moolenaar
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.Dd February 11, 2025
+.Dt GPART 8
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm gpart
+.Nd "control utility for the disk partitioning GEOM class"
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.\" ==== ADD ====
+.Nm
+.Cm add
+.Fl t Ar type
+.Op Fl a Ar alignment
+.Op Fl b Ar start
+.Op Fl s Ar size
+.Op Fl i Ar index
+.Op Fl l Ar label
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== BACKUP ====
+.Nm
+.Cm backup
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== BOOTCODE ====
+.Nm
+.Cm bootcode
+.Op Fl N
+.Op Fl b Ar bootcode
+.Op Fl p Ar partcode Fl i Ar index
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== COMMIT ====
+.Nm
+.Cm commit
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== CREATE ====
+.Nm
+.Cm create
+.Fl s Ar scheme
+.Op Fl n Ar entries
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar provider
+.\" ==== DELETE ====
+.Nm
+.Cm delete
+.Fl i Ar index
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== DESTROY ====
+.Nm
+.Cm destroy
+.Op Fl F
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== MODIFY ====
+.Nm
+.Cm modify
+.Fl i Ar index
+.Op Fl l Ar label
+.Op Fl t Ar type
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== RECOVER ====
+.Nm
+.Cm recover
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== RESIZE ====
+.Nm
+.Cm resize
+.Fl i Ar index
+.Op Fl a Ar alignment
+.Op Fl s Ar size
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== RESTORE ====
+.Nm
+.Cm restore
+.Op Fl lF
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar provider
+.Op Ar ...
+.\" ==== SET ====
+.Nm
+.Cm set
+.Fl a Ar attrib
+.Fl i Ar index
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== SHOW ====
+.Nm
+.Cm show
+.Op Fl l | r
+.Op Fl p
+.Op Ar geom ...
+.\" ==== UNDO ====
+.Nm
+.Cm undo
+.Ar geom
+.\" ==== UNSET ====
+.Nm
+.Cm unset
+.Fl a Ar attrib
+.Fl i Ar index
+.Op Fl f Ar flags
+.Ar geom
+.\"
+.Nm
+.Cm list
+.Nm
+.Cm status
+.Nm
+.Cm load
+.Nm
+.Cm unload
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Nm
+utility is used to partition GEOM providers, normally disks.
+The first argument is the action to be taken:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Cm bootcode"
+.\" ==== ADD ====
+.It Cm add
+Add a new partition to the partitioning scheme given by
+.Ar geom .
+The partition type must be specified with
+.Fl t Ar type .
+The partition's location, size, and other attributes will be calculated
+automatically if the corresponding options are not specified.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm add
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 12n
+.It Fl a Ar alignment
+If specified, then the
+.Nm
+utility tries to align
+.Ar start
+offset and partition
+.Ar size
+to be multiple of
+.Ar alignment
+value.
+.It Fl b Ar start
+The logical block address where the partition will begin.
+An SI unit suffix is allowed.
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl i Ar index
+The index in the partition table at which the new partition is to be
+placed.
+The index determines the name of the device special file used
+to represent the partition.
+.It Fl l Ar label
+The label attached to the partition.
+This option is only valid when used on partitioning schemes that support
+partition labels.
+.It Fl s Ar size
+Create a partition of size
+.Ar size .
+An SI unit suffix is allowed.
+.It Fl t Ar type
+Create a partition of type
+.Ar type .
+Partition types are discussed below in the section entitled
+.Sx "PARTITION TYPES" .
+.El
+.\" ==== BACKUP ====
+.It Cm backup
+Dump a partition table to standard output in a special format used by the
+.Cm restore
+action.
+.\" ==== BOOTCODE ====
+.It Cm bootcode
+Embed bootstrap code into the partitioning scheme's metadata on the
+.Ar geom
+(using
+.Fl b Ar bootcode )
+or write bootstrap code into a partition (using
+.Fl p Ar partcode
+and
+.Fl i Ar index ) .
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm bootcode
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl N
+Do not preserve the Volume Serial Number for MBR.
+MBR bootcode contains Volume Serial Number by default, and
+.Nm
+tries to preserve it when installing new bootstrap code.
+This option skips preservation to help with some versions of
+.Xr boot0cfg 8
+that do not support Volume Serial Number.
+.It Fl b Ar bootcode
+Embed bootstrap code from the file
+.Ar bootcode
+into the partitioning scheme's metadata for
+.Ar geom .
+Not all partitioning schemes have embedded bootstrap code, so the
+.Fl b Ar bootcode
+option is scheme-specific in nature (see the section entitled
+.Sx BOOTSTRAPPING
+below).
+The
+.Ar bootcode
+file must match the partitioning scheme's requirements for file content
+and size.
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl i Ar index
+Specify the target partition for
+.Fl p Ar partcode .
+.It Fl p Ar partcode
+Write the bootstrap code from the file
+.Ar partcode
+into the
+.Ar geom
+partition specified by
+.Fl i Ar index .
+The size of the file must be smaller than the size of the partition.
+.El
+.\" ==== COMMIT ====
+.It Cm commit
+Commit any pending changes for geom
+.Ar geom .
+All actions are committed by default and will not result in
+pending changes.
+Actions can be modified with the
+.Fl f Ar flags
+option so that they are not committed, but become pending.
+Pending changes are reflected by the geom and the
+.Nm
+utility, but they are not actually written to disk.
+The
+.Cm commit
+action will write all pending changes to disk.
+.\" ==== CREATE ====
+.It Cm create
+Create a new partitioning scheme on a provider given by
+.Ar provider .
+The scheme to use must be specified with the
+.Fl s Ar scheme
+option.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm create
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl n Ar entries
+The number of entries in the partition table.
+Every partitioning scheme has a minimum and maximum number of entries.
+This option allows tables to be created with a number of entries
+that is within the limits.
+Some schemes have a maximum equal to the minimum and some schemes have
+a maximum large enough to be considered unlimited.
+By default, partition tables are created with the minimum number of
+entries.
+.It Fl s Ar scheme
+Specify the partitioning scheme to use.
+The kernel must have support for a particular scheme before
+that scheme can be used to partition a disk.
+.El
+.\" ==== DELETE ====
+.It Cm delete
+Delete a partition from geom
+.Ar geom
+and further identified by the
+.Fl i Ar index
+option.
+The partition cannot be actively used by the kernel.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm delete
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl i Ar index
+Specifies the index of the partition to be deleted.
+.El
+.\" ==== DESTROY ====
+.It Cm destroy
+Destroy the partitioning scheme as implemented by geom
+.Ar geom .
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm destroy
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl F
+Forced destroying of the partition table even if it is not empty.
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.El
+.\" ==== MODIFY ====
+.It Cm modify
+Modify a partition from geom
+.Ar geom
+and further identified by the
+.Fl i Ar index
+option.
+Only the type and/or label of the partition can be modified.
+Not all partitioning schemes support labels and it is invalid to
+try to change a partition label in such cases.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm modify
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl i Ar index
+Specifies the index of the partition to be modified.
+.It Fl l Ar label
+Change the partition label to
+.Ar label .
+.It Fl t Ar type
+Change the partition type to
+.Ar type .
+.El
+.\" ==== RECOVER ====
+.It Cm recover
+Recover a corrupt partition's scheme metadata on the geom
+.Ar geom .
+See the section entitled
+.Sx RECOVERING
+below for the additional information.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm recover
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.El
+.\" ==== RESIZE ====
+.It Cm resize
+Resize a partition from geom
+.Ar geom
+and further identified by the
+.Fl i Ar index
+option.
+If the new size is not specified it is automatically calculated
+to be the maximum available from
+.Ar geom .
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm resize
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 12n
+.It Fl a Ar alignment
+If specified, then the
+.Nm
+utility tries to align partition
+.Ar size
+to be a multiple of the
+.Ar alignment
+value.
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl i Ar index
+Specifies the index of the partition to be resized.
+.It Fl s Ar size
+Specifies the new size of the partition, in logical blocks.
+An SI unit suffix is allowed.
+.El
+.\" ==== RESTORE ====
+.It Cm restore
+Restore the partition table from a backup previously created by the
+.Cm backup
+action and read from standard input.
+Only the partition table is restored.
+This action does not affect the content of partitions.
+After restoring the partition table and writing bootcode if needed,
+user data must be restored from backup.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm restore
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl F
+Destroy partition table on the given
+.Ar provider
+before doing restore.
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl l
+Restore partition labels for partitioning schemes that support them.
+.El
+.\" ==== SET ====
+.It Cm set
+Set the named attribute on the partition entry.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx ATTRIBUTES
+below for a list of available attributes.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm set
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl a Ar attrib
+Specifies the attribute to set.
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl i Ar index
+Specifies the index of the partition on which the attribute will be set.
+.El
+.\" ==== SHOW ====
+.It Cm show
+Show current partition information for the specified geoms, or all
+geoms if none are specified.
+The default output includes the logical starting block of each
+partition, the partition size in blocks, the partition index number,
+the partition type, and a human readable partition size.
+Block sizes and locations are based on the device's Sectorsize
+as shown by
+.Cm gpart list .
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm show
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl l
+For partitioning schemes that support partition labels, print them
+instead of partition type.
+.It Fl p
+Show provider names instead of partition indexes.
+.It Fl r
+Show raw partition type instead of symbolic name.
+.El
+.\" ==== UNDO ====
+.It Cm undo
+Revert any pending changes for geom
+.Ar geom .
+This action is the opposite of the
+.Cm commit
+action and can be used to undo any changes that have not been committed.
+.\" ==== UNSET ====
+.It Cm unset
+Clear the named attribute on the partition entry.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx ATTRIBUTES
+below for a list of available attributes.
+.Pp
+The
+.Cm unset
+command accepts these options:
+.Bl -tag -width 10n
+.It Fl a Ar attrib
+Specifies the attribute to clear.
+.It Fl f Ar flags
+Additional operational flags.
+See the section entitled
+.Sx "OPERATIONAL FLAGS"
+below for a discussion
+about its use.
+.It Fl i Ar index
+Specifies the index of the partition on which the attribute will be cleared.
+.El
+.It Cm list
+See
+.Xr geom 8 .
+.It Cm status
+See
+.Xr geom 8 .
+.It Cm load
+See
+.Xr geom 8 .
+.It Cm unload
+See
+.Xr geom 8 .
+.El
+.Sh PARTITIONING SCHEMES
+Several partitioning schemes are supported by the
+.Nm
+utility:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Cm BSD64"
+.It Cm APM
+Apple Partition Map, used by PowerPC(R) Macintosh(R) computers.
+Requires the
+.Cd GEOM_PART_APM
+kernel option.
+.It Cm BSD
+Traditional BSD
+.Xr disklabel 8 ,
+usually used to subdivide MBR partitions.
+.Po
+This scheme can also be used as the sole partitioning method, without
+an MBR.
+Partition editing tools from other operating systems often do not
+understand the bare disklabel partition layout, so this is sometimes
+called
+.Dq dangerously dedicated .
+.Pc
+Requires the
+.Cm GEOM_PART_BSD
+kernel option.
+.It Cm BSD64
+64-bit implementation of BSD disklabel used in
+.Dx
+to subdivide MBR
+or GPT partitions.
+Requires the
+.Cm GEOM_PART_BSD64
+kernel option.
+.It Cm LDM
+The Logical Disk Manager is an implementation of volume manager for
+Microsoft Windows NT.
+Requires the
+.Cd GEOM_PART_LDM
+kernel option.
+.It Cm GPT
+GUID Partition Table is used on Intel-based Macintosh computers and
+gradually replacing MBR on most PCs and other systems.
+Requires the
+.Cm GEOM_PART_GPT
+kernel option.
+.It Cm MBR
+Master Boot Record is used on PCs and removable media.
+Requires the
+.Cm GEOM_PART_MBR
+kernel option.
+The
+.Cm GEOM_PART_EBR
+option adds support for the Extended Boot Record (EBR),
+which is used to define a logical partition.
+The
+.Cm GEOM_PART_EBR_COMPAT
+option enables backward compatibility for partition names
+in the EBR scheme.
+It also prevents any type of actions on such partitions.
+.El
+.Pp
+See
+.Xr glabel 8
+for additional information on labelization of devices and partitions.
+.Sh PARTITION TYPES
+Partition types are identified on disk by particular strings or magic
+values.
+The
+.Nm
+utility uses symbolic names for common partition types so the user
+does not need to know these values or other details of the partitioning
+scheme in question.
+The
+.Nm
+utility also allows the user to specify scheme-specific partition types
+for partition types that do not have symbolic names.
+Symbolic names currently understood and used by
+.Fx
+are:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Cm dragonfly-disklabel64"
+.It Cm apple-boot
+The system partition dedicated to storing boot loaders on some Apple
+systems.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!171"
+for MBR,
+.Qq Li "!Apple_Bootstrap"
+for APM, and
+.Qq Li "!426f6f74-0000-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm bios-boot
+The system partition dedicated to second stage of the boot loader program.
+Usually it is used by the GRUB 2 loader for GPT partitioning schemes.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!21686148-6449-6E6F-744E-656564454649" .
+.It Cm efi
+The system partition for computers that use the Extensible Firmware
+Interface (EFI).
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!239"
+for MBR, and
+.Qq Li "!c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm freebsd
+A
+.Fx
+partition subdivided into filesystems with a
+.Bx
+disklabel.
+This is a legacy partition type and should not be used for the APM
+or GPT schemes.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!165"
+for MBR,
+.Qq Li "!FreeBSD"
+for APM, and
+.Qq Li "!516e7cb4-6ecf-11d6-8ff8-00022d09712b"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm freebsd-boot
+A
+.Fx
+partition dedicated to bootstrap code.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!83bd6b9d-7f41-11dc-be0b-001560b84f0f"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm freebsd-swap
+A
+.Fx
+partition dedicated to swap space.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!FreeBSD-swap"
+for APM, and
+.Qq Li "!516e7cb5-6ecf-11d6-8ff8-00022d09712b"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm freebsd-ufs
+A
+.Fx
+partition that contains a UFS or UFS2 filesystem.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!FreeBSD-UFS"
+for APM, and
+.Qq Li "!516e7cb6-6ecf-11d6-8ff8-00022d09712b"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm freebsd-zfs
+A
+.Fx
+partition that contains a ZFS volume.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!FreeBSD-ZFS"
+for APM, and
+.Qq Li "!516e7cba-6ecf-11d6-8ff8-00022d09712b"
+for GPT.
+.El
+.Pp
+Other symbolic names that can be used with the
+.Nm
+utility are:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Cm dragonfly-disklabel64"
+.It Cm apple-apfs
+An Apple macOS partition used for the Apple file system, APFS.
+.It Cm apple-core-storage
+An Apple Mac OS X partition used by logical volume manager known as
+Core Storage.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!53746f72-6167-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm apple-hfs
+An Apple Mac OS X partition that contains a HFS or HFS+ filesystem.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!175"
+for MBR,
+.Qq Li "!Apple_HFS"
+for APM and
+.Qq Li "!48465300-0000-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm apple-label
+An Apple Mac OS X partition dedicated to partition metadata that descibes
+disk device.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!4c616265-6c00-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm apple-raid
+An Apple Mac OS X partition used in a software RAID configuration.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!52414944-0000-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm apple-raid-offline
+An Apple Mac OS X partition used in a software RAID configuration.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!52414944-5f4f-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm apple-tv-recovery
+An Apple Mac OS X partition used by Apple TV.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!5265636f-7665-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm apple-ufs
+An Apple Mac OS X partition that contains a UFS filesystem.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!168"
+for MBR,
+.Qq Li "!Apple_UNIX_SVR2"
+for APM and
+.Qq Li "!55465300-0000-11aa-aa11-00306543ecac"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm apple-zfs
+An Apple Mac OS X partition that contains a ZFS volume.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a898cc3-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+The same GUID is being used also for
+.Sy illumos/Solaris /usr partition .
+See
+.Sx CAVEATS
+section below.
+.It Cm dragonfly-label32
+A
+.Dx
+partition subdivided into filesystems with a
+.Bx
+disklabel.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!9d087404-1ca5-11dc-8817-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-label64
+A
+.Dx
+partition subdivided into filesystems with a
+disklabel64.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!3d48ce54-1d16-11dc-8696-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-legacy
+A legacy partition type used in
+.Dx .
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!bd215ab2-1d16-11dc-8696-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-ccd
+A
+.Dx
+partition used with Concatenated Disk driver.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!dbd5211b-1ca5-11dc-8817-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-hammer
+A
+.Dx
+partition that contains a Hammer filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!61dc63ac-6e38-11dc-8513-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-hammer2
+A
+.Dx
+partition that contains a Hammer2 filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!5cbb9ad1-862d-11dc-a94d-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-swap
+A
+.Dx
+partition dedicated to swap space.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!9d58fdbd-1ca5-11dc-8817-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-ufs
+A
+.Dx
+partition that contains an UFS1 filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!9d94ce7c-1ca5-11dc-8817-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm dragonfly-vinum
+A
+.Dx
+partition used with Logical Volume Manager.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!9dd4478f-1ca5-11dc-8817-01301bb8a9f5"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm ebr
+A partition subdivided into filesystems with a EBR.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!5"
+for MBR.
+.It Cm fat16
+A partition that contains a FAT16 filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6"
+for MBR.
+.It Cm fat32
+A partition that contains a FAT32 filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!11"
+for MBR.
+.It Cm fat32lba
+A partition that contains a FAT32 (LBA) filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!12"
+for MBR.
+.It Cm hifive-fsbl
+A raw partition containing a HiFive first stage bootloader.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!5b193300-fc78-40cd-8002-e86c45580b47"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm hifive-bbl
+A raw partition containing a HiFive second stage bootloader.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!2e54b353-1271-4842-806f-e436d6af6985"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm linux-data
+A Linux partition that contains some filesystem with data.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!131"
+for MBR and
+.Qq Li "!0fc63daf-8483-4772-8e79-3d69d8477de4"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm linux-lvm
+A Linux partition dedicated to Logical Volume Manager.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!142"
+for MBR and
+.Qq Li "!e6d6d379-f507-44c2-a23c-238f2a3df928"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm linux-raid
+A Linux partition used in a software RAID configuration.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!253"
+for MBR and
+.Qq Li "!a19d880f-05fc-4d3b-a006-743f0f84911e"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm linux-swap
+A Linux partition dedicated to swap space.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!130"
+for MBR and
+.Qq Li "!0657fd6d-a4ab-43c4-84e5-0933c84b4f4f"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm mbr
+A partition that is sub-partitioned by a Master Boot Record (MBR).
+This type is known as
+.Qq Li "!024dee41-33e7-11d3-9d69-0008c781f39f"
+by GPT.
+.It Cm ms-basic-data
+A basic data partition (BDP) for Microsoft operating systems.
+In the GPT this type is the equivalent to partition types
+.Cm fat16 , fat32
+and
+.Cm ntfs
+in MBR.
+This type is used for GPT exFAT partitions.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!ebd0a0a2-b9e5-4433-87c0-68b6b72699c7"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm ms-ldm-data
+A partition that contains Logical Disk Manager (LDM) volumes.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!66"
+for MBR,
+.Qq Li "!af9b60a0-1431-4f62-bc68-3311714a69ad"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm ms-ldm-metadata
+A partition that contains Logical Disk Manager (LDM) database.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!5808c8aa-7e8f-42e0-85d2-e1e90434cfb3"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm netbsd-ccd
+A
+.Nx
+partition used with Concatenated Disk driver.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!2db519c4-b10f-11dc-b99b-0019d1879648"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm netbsd-cgd
+An encrypted
+.Nx
+partition.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!2db519ec-b10f-11dc-b99b-0019d1879648"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm netbsd-ffs
+A
+.Nx
+partition that contains an UFS filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!49f48d5a-b10e-11dc-b99b-0019d1879648"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm netbsd-lfs
+A
+.Nx
+partition that contains an LFS filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!49f48d82-b10e-11dc-b99b-0019d1879648"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm netbsd-raid
+A
+.Nx
+partition used in a software RAID configuration.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!49f48daa-b10e-11dc-b99b-0019d1879648"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm netbsd-swap
+A
+.Nx
+partition dedicated to swap space.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!49f48d32-b10e-11dc-b99b-0019d1879648"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm ntfs
+A partition that contains a NTFS or exFAT filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!7"
+for MBR.
+.It Cm prep-boot
+The system partition dedicated to storing boot loaders on some PowerPC systems,
+notably those made by IBM.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!65"
+for MBR and
+.Qq Li "!9e1a2d38-c612-4316-aa26-8b49521e5a8b"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-boot
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to boot loader.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a82cb45-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-root
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to root filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a85cf4d-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-swap
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to swap.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a87c46f-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-backup
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to backup.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a8b642b-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-var
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to /var filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a8ef2e9-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-home
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to /home filesystem.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a90ba39-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-altsec
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to alternate sector.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a9283a5-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm solaris-reserved
+A illumos/Solaris partition dedicated to reserved space.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!6a945a3b-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm u-boot-env
+A raw partition dedicated to U-Boot for storing its environment.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!3de21764-95bd-54bd-a5c3-4abe786f38a8"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm vmware-vmfs
+A partition that contains a VMware File System (VMFS).
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!251"
+for MBR and
+.Qq Li "!aa31e02a-400f-11db-9590-000c2911d1b8"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm vmware-vmkdiag
+A partition that contains a VMware diagostic filesystem.
+The scheme-specific types are
+.Qq Li "!252"
+for MBR and
+.Qq Li "!9d275380-40ad-11db-bf97-000c2911d1b8"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm vmware-reserved
+A VMware reserved partition.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!9198effc-31c0-11db-8f-78-000c2911d1b8"
+for GPT.
+.It Cm vmware-vsanhdr
+A partition claimed by VMware VSAN.
+The scheme-specific type is
+.Qq Li "!381cfccc-7288-11e0-92ee-000c2911d0b2"
+for GPT.
+.El
+.Sh ATTRIBUTES
+The scheme-specific attributes for EBR:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Cm active"
+.It Cm active
+.El
+.Pp
+The scheme-specific attributes for GPT:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Cm bootfailed"
+.It Cm bootme
+When set, the
+.Nm gptboot
+stage 1 boot loader will try to boot the system from this partition.
+Multiple partitions can be marked with the
+.Cm bootme
+attribute.
+See
+.Xr gptboot 8
+for more details.
+.It Cm bootonce
+Setting this attribute automatically sets the
+.Cm bootme
+attribute.
+When set, the
+.Nm gptboot
+stage 1 boot loader will try to boot the system from this partition only once.
+Multiple partitions can be marked with the
+.Cm bootonce
+and
+.Cm bootme
+attribute pairs.
+See
+.Xr gptboot 8
+for more details.
+.It Cm bootfailed
+This attribute should not be manually managed.
+It is managed by the
+.Nm gptboot
+stage 1 boot loader and the
+.Pa /etc/rc.d/gptboot
+start-up script.
+See
+.Xr gptboot 8
+for more details.
+.It Cm lenovofix
+Setting this attribute overwrites the Protective MBR with a new one where
+the 0xee partition is the second, rather than the first record.
+This resolves a BIOS compatibility issue with some Lenovo models including the
+X220, T420, and T520, allowing them to boot from GPT partitioned disks
+without using EFI.
+.El
+.Pp
+The scheme-specific attributes for MBR:
+.Bl -tag -width ".Cm active"
+.It Cm active
+.El
+.Sh BOOTSTRAPPING
+.Fx
+supports several partitioning schemes and each scheme uses different
+bootstrap code.
+The bootstrap code is located in a specific disk area for each partitioning
+scheme, and may vary in size for different schemes.
+.Pp
+Bootstrap code can be separated into two types.
+The first type is embedded in the partitioning scheme's metadata, while the
+second type is located on a specific partition.
+Embedding bootstrap code should only be done with the
+.Cm gpart bootcode
+command with the
+.Fl b Ar bootcode
+option.
+The GEOM PART class knows how to safely embed bootstrap code into
+specific partitioning scheme metadata without causing any damage.
+.Pp
+The Master Boot Record (MBR) uses a 512-byte bootstrap code image, embedded
+into the partition table's metadata area.
+There are two variants of this bootstrap code:
+.Pa /boot/mbr
+and
+.Pa /boot/boot0 .
+.Pa /boot/mbr
+searches for a partition with the
+.Cm active
+attribute (see the
+.Sx ATTRIBUTES
+section) in the partition table.
+Then it runs next bootstrap stage.
+The
+.Pa /boot/boot0
+image contains a boot manager with some additional interactive functions
+for multi-booting from a user-selected partition.
+.Pp
+A BSD disklabel is usually created inside an MBR partition (slice)
+with type
+.Cm freebsd
+(see the
+.Sx "PARTITION TYPES"
+section).
+It uses 8 KB size bootstrap code image
+.Pa /boot/boot ,
+embedded into the partition table's metadata area.
+.Pp
+Both types of bootstrap code are used to boot from the GUID Partition Table.
+First, a protective MBR is embedded into the first disk sector from the
+.Pa /boot/pmbr
+image.
+It searches through the GPT for a
+.Cm freebsd-boot
+partition (see the
+.Sx "PARTITION TYPES"
+section) and runs the next bootstrap stage from it.
+The
+.Cm freebsd-boot
+partition should be smaller than 545 KB.
+It can be located either before or after other
+.Fx
+partitions on the disk.
+There are two variants of bootstrap code to write to this partition:
+.Pa /boot/gptboot
+and
+.Pa /boot/gptzfsboot .
+.Pp
+.Pa /boot/gptboot
+is used to boot from UFS partitions.
+.Cm gptboot
+searches through
+.Cm freebsd-ufs
+partitions in the GPT and selects one to boot based on the
+.Cm bootonce
+and
+.Cm bootme
+attributes.
+If neither attribute is found,
+.Pa /boot/gptboot
+boots from the first
+.Cm freebsd-ufs
+partition.
+.Pa /boot/loader
+.Pq the third bootstrap stage
+is loaded from the first partition that matches these conditions.
+See
+.Xr gptboot 8
+for more information.
+.Pp
+.Pa /boot/gptzfsboot
+is used to boot from ZFS.
+It searches through the GPT for
+.Cm freebsd-zfs
+partitions, trying to detect ZFS pools.
+After all pools are detected,
+.Pa /boot/loader
+is started from the first one found set as bootable.
+.Pp
+The APM scheme also does not support embedding bootstrap code.
+Instead, the 800 KBytes bootstrap code image
+.Pa /boot/boot1.hfs
+should be written with the
+.Cm gpart bootcode
+command to a partition of type
+.Cm apple-boot ,
+which should also be 800 KB in size.
+.Sh OPERATIONAL FLAGS
+Actions other than the
+.Cm commit
+and
+.Cm undo
+actions take an optional
+.Fl f Ar flags
+option.
+This option is used to specify action-specific operational flags.
+By default, the
+.Nm
+utility defines the
+.Ql C
+flag so that the action is immediately
+committed.
+The user can specify
+.Dq Fl f Cm x
+to have the action result in a pending change that can later, with
+other pending changes, be committed as a single compound change with
+the
+.Cm commit
+action or reverted with the
+.Cm undo
+action.
+.Sh RECOVERING
+The GEOM PART class supports recovering of partition tables only for GPT.
+The GPT primary metadata is stored at the beginning of the device.
+For redundancy, a secondary
+.Pq backup
+copy of the metadata is stored at the end of the device.
+As a result of having two copies, some corruption of metadata is not
+fatal to the working of GPT.
+When the kernel detects corrupt metadata, it marks this table as corrupt
+and reports the problem.
+.Cm destroy
+and
+.Cm recover
+are the only operations allowed on corrupt tables.
+.Pp
+If one GPT header appears to be corrupt but the other copy remains intact,
+the kernel will log the following:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+GEOM: provider: the primary GPT table is corrupt or invalid.
+GEOM: provider: using the secondary instead -- recovery strongly advised.
+.Ed
+.Pp
+or
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+GEOM: provider: the secondary GPT table is corrupt or invalid.
+GEOM: provider: using the primary only -- recovery suggested.
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Also
+.Nm
+commands such as
+.Cm show , status
+and
+.Cm list
+will report about corrupt tables.
+.Pp
+If the size of the device has changed (e.g.,\& volume expansion) the
+secondary GPT header will no longer be located in the last sector.
+This is not a metadata corruption, but it is dangerous because any
+corruption of the primary GPT will lead to loss of the partition table.
+This problem is reported by the kernel with the message:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+GEOM: provider: the secondary GPT header is not in the last LBA.
+.Ed
+.Pp
+This situation can be recovered with the
+.Cm recover
+command.
+This command reconstructs the corrupt metadata using known valid
+metadata and relocates the secondary GPT to the end of the device.
+.Pp
+.Em NOTE :
+The GEOM PART class can detect the same partition table visible through
+different GEOM providers, and some of them will be marked as corrupt.
+Be careful when choosing a provider for recovery.
+If you choose incorrectly you can destroy the metadata of another GEOM class,
+e.g.,\& GEOM MIRROR or GEOM LABEL.
+.Sh SYSCTL VARIABLES
+The following
+.Xr sysctl 8
+variables can be used to control the behavior of the
+.Nm PART
+GEOM class.
+The default value is shown next to each variable.
+.Bl -tag -width indent
+.It Va kern.geom.part.allow_nesting : No 0
+By default, some schemes (currently BSD and BSD64) do not permit
+further nested partitioning.
+This variable overrides this restriction and allows arbitrary nesting (except
+within partitions created at offset 0).
+Some schemes have their own separate checks, for which see below.
+.It Va kern.geom.part.auto_resize : No 1
+This variable controls automatic resize behavior of the
+.Nm PART
+GEOM class.
+When this variable is enable and new size of provider is detected, the schema
+metadata is resized but all changes are not saved to disk, until
+.Cm gpart commit
+is run to confirm changes.
+This behavior is also reported with diagnostic message:
+.Sy "GEOM_PART: (provider) was automatically resized."
+.Sy "Use `gpart commit (provider)` to save changes or `gpart undo (provider)`"
+.Sy "to revert them."
+.It Va kern.geom.part.check_integrity : No 1
+This variable controls the behaviour of metadata integrity checks.
+When integrity checks are enabled, the
+.Nm PART
+GEOM class verifies all generic partition parameters obtained from the
+disk metadata.
+If some inconsistency is detected, the partition table will be
+rejected with a diagnostic message:
+.Sy "GEOM_PART: Integrity check failed (provider, scheme)" .
+.It Va kern.geom.part.gpt.allow_nesting : No 0
+By default the GPT scheme is allowed only at the outermost nesting level.
+This variable allows this restriction to be removed.
+.It Va kern.geom.part.ldm.debug : No 0
+Debug level of the Logical Disk Manager (LDM) module.
+This can be set to a number between 0 and 2 inclusive.
+If set to 0 minimal debug information is printed,
+and if set to 2 the maximum amount of debug information is printed.
+.It Va kern.geom.part.ldm.show_mirrors : No 0
+This variable controls how the Logical Disk Manager (LDM) module handles
+mirrored volumes.
+By default mirrored volumes are shown as partitions with type
+.Cm ms-ldm-data
+(see the
+.Sx "PARTITION TYPES"
+section).
+If this variable set to 1 each component of the mirrored volume will be
+present as independent partition.
+.Em NOTE :
+This may break a mirrored volume and lead to data damage.
+.It Va kern.geom.part.mbr.enforce_chs : No 0
+Specify how the Master Boot Record (MBR) module does alignment.
+If this variable is set to a non-zero value, the module will automatically
+recalculate the user-specified offset and size for alignment with the CHS
+geometry.
+Otherwise the values will be left unchanged.
+.It Va kern.geom.part.separator : No ""
+Specify an optional separator that will be inserted between the GEOM name
+and partition name.
+This variable is a
+.Xr loader 8
+tunable.
+Note that setting this variable may break software which assumes a particular
+naming scheme.
+.El
+.Sh EXIT STATUS
+Exit status is 0 on success, and 1 if the command fails.
+.Sh EXAMPLES
+The examples below assume that the disk's logical block size is 512
+bytes, regardless of its physical block size.
+.Ss GPT
+In this example, we will format
+.Pa ada0
+with the GPT scheme and create boot, swap and root partitions.
+First, we need to create the partition table:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart create -s GPT ada0
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Next, we install a protective MBR with the first-stage bootstrap code.
+The protective MBR lists a single, bootable partition spanning the
+entire disk, thus allowing non-GPT-aware BIOSes to boot from the disk
+and preventing tools which do not understand the GPT scheme from
+considering the disk to be unformatted.
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr ada0
+.Ed
+.Pp
+We then create a dedicated
+.Cm freebsd-boot
+partition to hold the second-stage boot loader, which will load the
+.Fx
+kernel and modules from a UFS or ZFS filesystem.
+This partition must be larger than the bootstrap code
+.Po
+either
+.Pa /boot/gptboot
+for UFS or
+.Pa /boot/gptzfsboot
+for ZFS
+.Pc ,
+but smaller than 545 kB since the first-stage loader will load the
+entire partition into memory during boot, regardless of how much data
+it actually contains.
+We create a 472-block (236 kB) boot partition at offset 40, which is
+the size of the partition table (34 blocks or 17 kB) rounded up to the
+nearest 4 kB boundary.
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart add -b 40 -s 472 -t freebsd-boot ada0
+/sbin/gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptboot -i 1 ada0
+.Ed
+.Pp
+We now create a 4 GB swap partition at the first available offset,
+which is 40 + 472 = 512 blocks (256 kB).
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart add -s 4G -t freebsd-swap ada0
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Aligning the swap partition and all subsequent partitions on a 256 kB
+boundary ensures optimal performance on a wide range of media, from
+plain old disks with 512-byte blocks, through modern
+.Dq advanced format
+disks with 4096-byte physical blocks, to RAID volumes with stripe
+sizes of up to 256 kB.
+.Pp
+Finally, we create and format an 8 GB
+.Cm freebsd-ufs
+partition for the root filesystem, leaving the rest of the device free
+for additional filesystems:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart add -s 8G -t freebsd-ufs ada0
+/sbin/newfs -Uj /dev/ada0p3
+.Ed
+.Ss MBR
+In this example, we will format
+.Pa ada0
+with the MBR scheme and create a single partition which we subdivide
+using a traditional
+.Bx
+disklabel.
+.Pp
+First, we create the partition table as well as a single partition 64 GB in
+size and an alignment of 4 kB, then we mark that partition active (bootable)
+and install the first-stage boot loader:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart create -s MBR ada0
+/sbin/gpart add -t freebsd -s 64G -a 4k ada0
+/sbin/gpart set -a active -i 1 ada0
+/sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot0 ada0
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Next, we create a disklabel in that partition
+.Po
+.Dq slice
+in disklabel terminology
+.Pc
+with room for up to 20 partitions:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart create -s BSD -n 20 ada0s1
+.Ed
+.Pp
+We then create an 8 GB root partition and a 4 GB swap partition:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -s 8G ada0s1
+/sbin/gpart add -t freebsd-swap -s 4G ada0s1
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Finally, we install the appropriate boot loader for the
+.Bx
+label:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot ada0s1
+.Ed
+.Ss Deleting Partitions and Destroying the Partitioning Scheme
+If a
+.Em "Device busy"
+error is shown when trying to destroy a partition table, remember that
+all of the partitions must be deleted first with the
+.Cm delete
+action.
+In this example,
+.Pa da0
+has three partitions:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart delete -i 3 da0
+/sbin/gpart delete -i 2 da0
+/sbin/gpart delete -i 1 da0
+/sbin/gpart destroy da0
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Rather than deleting each partition and then destroying the partitioning
+scheme, the
+.Fl F
+option can be given with
+.Cm destroy
+to delete all of the partitions before destroying the partitioning scheme.
+This is equivalent to the previous example:
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart destroy -F da0
+.Ed
+.Ss Backup and Restore
+Create a backup of the partition table from
+.Pa da0 :
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart backup da0 > da0.backup
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Restore the partition table from the backup to
+.Pa da0 :
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart restore -l da0 < /mnt/da0.backup
+.Ed
+.Pp
+Clone the partition table from
+.Pa ada0
+to
+.Pa ada1
+and
+.Pa ada2 :
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+/sbin/gpart backup ada0 | /sbin/gpart restore -F ada1 ada2
+.Ed
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr geom 4 ,
+.Xr boot0cfg 8 ,
+.Xr geom 8 ,
+.Xr glabel 8 ,
+.Xr gptboot 8
+.Sh HISTORY
+The
+.Nm
+utility appeared in
+.Fx 7.0 .
+.Sh AUTHORS
+.An Marcel Moolenaar Aq Mt marcel@FreeBSD.org
+.Sh CAVEATS
+Partition type
+.Em apple-zfs
+(6a898cc3-1dd2-11b2-99a6-080020736631) is also being used
+on illumos/Solaris platforms for ZFS volumes.