diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'libarchive/archive_write_set_format_zip.c')
-rw-r--r-- | libarchive/archive_write_set_format_zip.c | 354 |
1 files changed, 197 insertions, 157 deletions
diff --git a/libarchive/archive_write_set_format_zip.c b/libarchive/archive_write_set_format_zip.c index 3801ce1fa5ac..845c46ce8e76 100644 --- a/libarchive/archive_write_set_format_zip.c +++ b/libarchive/archive_write_set_format_zip.c @@ -109,69 +109,75 @@ static unsigned int dos_time(const time_t); static size_t path_length(struct archive_entry *); static int write_path(struct archive_entry *, struct archive_write *); -struct zip_local_file_header { - char signature[4]; - char version[2]; - char flags[2]; - char compression[2]; - char timedate[4]; - char crc32[4]; - char compressed_size[4]; - char uncompressed_size[4]; - char filename_length[2]; - char extra_length[2]; -}; - -struct zip_file_header { - char signature[4]; - char version_by[2]; - char version_extract[2]; - char flags[2]; - char compression[2]; - char timedate[4]; - char crc32[4]; - char compressed_size[4]; - char uncompressed_size[4]; - char filename_length[2]; - char extra_length[2]; - char comment_length[2]; - char disk_number[2]; - char attributes_internal[2]; - char attributes_external[4]; - char offset[4]; -}; - -struct zip_data_descriptor { - char signature[4]; /* Not mandatory, but recommended by specification. */ - char crc32[4]; - char compressed_size[4]; - char uncompressed_size[4]; -}; - -struct zip_extra_data_local { - char time_id[2]; - char time_size[2]; - char time_flag[1]; - char mtime[4]; - char atime[4]; - char ctime[4]; - char unix_id[2]; - char unix_size[2]; - char unix_version; - char unix_uid_size; - char unix_uid[4]; - char unix_gid_size; - char unix_gid[4]; -}; - -struct zip_extra_data_central { - char time_id[2]; - char time_size[2]; - char time_flag[1]; - char mtime[4]; - char unix_id[2]; - char unix_size[2]; -}; +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_SIGNATURE 0 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_VERSION 4 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_FLAGS 6 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSION 8 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_TIMEDATE 10 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_CRC32 14 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSED_SIZE 18 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE 22 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_FILENAME_LENGTH 26 +#define LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_EXTRA_LENGTH 28 +#define SIZE_LOCAL_FILE_HEADER 30 + +#define FILE_HEADER_SIGNATURE 0 +#define FILE_HEADER_VERSION_BY 4 +#define FILE_HEADER_VERSION_EXTRACT 6 +#define FILE_HEADER_FLAGS 8 +#define FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSION 10 +#define FILE_HEADER_TIMEDATE 12 +#define FILE_HEADER_CRC32 16 +#define FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSED_SIZE 20 +#define FILE_HEADER_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE 24 +#define FILE_HEADER_FILENAME_LENGTH 28 +#define FILE_HEADER_EXTRA_LENGTH 30 +#define FILE_HEADER_COMMENT_LENGTH 32 +#define FILE_HEADER_DISK_NUMBER 34 +#define FILE_HEADER_ATTRIBUTES_INTERNAL 36 +#define FILE_HEADER_ATTRIBUTES_EXTERNAL 38 +#define FILE_HEADER_OFFSET 42 +#define SIZE_FILE_HEADER 46 + + /* Not mandatory, but recommended by specification. */ +#define DATA_DESCRIPTOR_SIGNATURE 0 +#define DATA_DESCRIPTOR_CRC32 4 +#define DATA_DESCRIPTOR_COMPRESSED_SIZE 8 +#define DATA_DESCRIPTOR_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE 12 +#define SIZE_DATA_DESCRIPTOR 16 + +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_TIME_ID 0 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_TIME_SIZE 2 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_TIME_FLAG 4 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_MTIME 5 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_ATIME 9 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_CTIME 13 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_ID 17 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_SIZE 19 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_VERSION 21 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_UID_SIZE 22 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_UID 23 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_GID_SIZE 27 +#define EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_GID 28 +#define SIZE_EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL 32 + +#define EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_TIME_ID 0 +#define EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_TIME_SIZE 2 +#define EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_TIME_FLAG 4 +#define EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_MTIME 5 +#define EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_UNIX_ID 9 +#define EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_UNIX_SIZE 11 +#define SIZE_EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL 13 + +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_SIGNATURE 0 +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_DISK 4 +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_START_DISK 6 +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_ENTRIES_DISK 8 +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_ENTRIES 10 +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_SIZE 12 +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_OFFSET 16 +#define CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_COMMENT_LENGTH 20 +#define SIZE_CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END 22 struct zip_file_header_link { struct zip_file_header_link *next; @@ -184,7 +190,7 @@ struct zip_file_header_link { }; struct zip { - struct zip_data_descriptor data_descriptor; + uint8_t data_descriptor[SIZE_DATA_DESCRIPTOR]; struct zip_file_header_link *central_directory; struct zip_file_header_link *central_directory_end; int64_t offset; @@ -203,17 +209,6 @@ struct zip { #endif }; -struct zip_central_directory_end { - char signature[4]; - char disk[2]; - char start_disk[2]; - char entries_disk[2]; - char entries[2]; - char size[4]; - char offset[4]; - char comment_length[2]; -}; - static int archive_write_zip_options(struct archive_write *a, const char *key, const char *val) @@ -291,6 +286,7 @@ archive_write_set_format_zip(struct archive *_a) zip->len_buf = 65536; zip->buf = malloc(zip->len_buf); if (zip->buf == NULL) { + free(zip); archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM, "Can't allocate compression buffer"); return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); @@ -310,7 +306,7 @@ archive_write_set_format_zip(struct archive *_a) a->archive.archive_format = ARCHIVE_FORMAT_ZIP; a->archive.archive_format_name = "ZIP"; - archive_le32enc(&zip->data_descriptor.signature, + archive_le32enc(&zip->data_descriptor[DATA_DESCRIPTOR_SIGNATURE], ZIP_SIGNATURE_DATA_DESCRIPTOR); return (ARCHIVE_OK); @@ -332,9 +328,9 @@ static int archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) { struct zip *zip; - struct zip_local_file_header h; - struct zip_extra_data_local e; - struct zip_data_descriptor *d; + uint8_t h[SIZE_LOCAL_FILE_HEADER]; + uint8_t e[SIZE_EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL]; + uint8_t *d; struct zip_file_header_link *l; struct archive_string_conv *sconv; int ret, ret2 = ARCHIVE_OK; @@ -374,7 +370,7 @@ archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) #endif } } - d = &zip->data_descriptor; + d = zip->data_descriptor; size = archive_entry_size(entry); zip->remaining_data_bytes = size; @@ -411,21 +407,47 @@ archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) if (archive_entry_pathname_l(entry, &p, &len, sconv) != 0) { if (errno == ENOMEM) { + archive_entry_free(l->entry); + free(l); archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM, "Can't allocate memory for Pathname"); return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); } archive_set_error(&a->archive, ARCHIVE_ERRNO_FILE_FORMAT, - "Can't translate pathname '%s' to %s", + "Can't translate Pathname '%s' to %s", archive_entry_pathname(entry), archive_string_conversion_charset_name(sconv)); ret2 = ARCHIVE_WARN; } if (len > 0) archive_entry_set_pathname(l->entry, p); + + /* + * Although there is no character-set regulation for Symlink, + * it is suitable to convert a character-set of Symlinke to + * what those of the Pathname has been converted to. + */ + if (type == AE_IFLNK) { + if (archive_entry_symlink_l(entry, &p, &len, sconv)) { + if (errno == ENOMEM) { + archive_entry_free(l->entry); + free(l); + archive_set_error(&a->archive, ENOMEM, + "Can't allocate memory " + " for Symlink"); + return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); + } + /* + * Even if the strng conversion failed, + * we should not report the error since + * thre is no regulation for. + */ + } else if (len > 0) + archive_entry_set_symlink(l->entry, p); + } } - /* If all character of a filename is ASCII, Reset UTF-8 Name flag. */ + /* If all characters in a filename are ASCII, Reset UTF-8 Name flag. */ if ((l->flags & ZIP_FLAGS_UTF8_NAME) != 0 && is_all_ascii(archive_entry_pathname(l->entry))) l->flags &= ~ZIP_FLAGS_UTF8_NAME; @@ -458,13 +480,16 @@ archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) * directory. */ l->offset = zip->written_bytes; - memset(&h, 0, sizeof(h)); - archive_le32enc(&h.signature, ZIP_SIGNATURE_LOCAL_FILE_HEADER); - archive_le16enc(&h.version, ZIP_VERSION_EXTRACT); - archive_le16enc(&h.flags, l->flags); - archive_le16enc(&h.compression, l->compression); - archive_le32enc(&h.timedate, dos_time(archive_entry_mtime(entry))); - archive_le16enc(&h.filename_length, (uint16_t)path_length(l->entry)); + memset(h, 0, sizeof(h)); + archive_le32enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_SIGNATURE], + ZIP_SIGNATURE_LOCAL_FILE_HEADER); + archive_le16enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_VERSION], ZIP_VERSION_EXTRACT); + archive_le16enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_FLAGS], l->flags); + archive_le16enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSION], l->compression); + archive_le32enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_TIMEDATE], + dos_time(archive_entry_mtime(entry))); + archive_le16enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_FILENAME_LENGTH], + (uint16_t)path_length(l->entry)); switch (l->compression) { case COMPRESSION_STORE: @@ -472,12 +497,15 @@ archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) * specification says to set to zero when using data * descriptors. Otherwise the end of the data for an * entry is rather difficult to find. */ - archive_le32enc(&h.compressed_size, size); - archive_le32enc(&h.uncompressed_size, size); + archive_le32enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSED_SIZE], + (uint32_t)size); + archive_le32enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE], + (uint32_t)size); break; #ifdef HAVE_ZLIB_H case COMPRESSION_DEFLATE: - archive_le32enc(&h.uncompressed_size, size); + archive_le32enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE], + (uint32_t)size); zip->stream.zalloc = Z_NULL; zip->stream.zfree = Z_NULL; @@ -495,28 +523,33 @@ archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) } /* Formatting extra data. */ - archive_le16enc(&h.extra_length, sizeof(e)); - archive_le16enc(&e.time_id, ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP); - archive_le16enc(&e.time_size, sizeof(e.time_flag) + - sizeof(e.mtime) + sizeof(e.atime) + sizeof(e.ctime)); - e.time_flag[0] = 0x07; - archive_le32enc(&e.mtime, archive_entry_mtime(entry)); - archive_le32enc(&e.atime, archive_entry_atime(entry)); - archive_le32enc(&e.ctime, archive_entry_ctime(entry)); - - archive_le16enc(&e.unix_id, ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_NEW_UNIX); - archive_le16enc(&e.unix_size, sizeof(e.unix_version) + - sizeof(e.unix_uid_size) + sizeof(e.unix_uid) + - sizeof(e.unix_gid_size) + sizeof(e.unix_gid)); - e.unix_version = 1; - e.unix_uid_size = 4; - archive_le32enc(&e.unix_uid, archive_entry_uid(entry)); - e.unix_gid_size = 4; - archive_le32enc(&e.unix_gid, archive_entry_gid(entry)); - - archive_le32enc(&d->uncompressed_size, size); - - ret = __archive_write_output(a, &h, sizeof(h)); + archive_le16enc(&h[LOCAL_FILE_HEADER_EXTRA_LENGTH], sizeof(e)); + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_TIME_ID], + ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP); + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_TIME_SIZE], 1 + 4 * 3); + e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_TIME_FLAG] = 0x07; + archive_le32enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_MTIME], + (uint32_t)archive_entry_mtime(entry)); + archive_le32enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_ATIME], + (uint32_t)archive_entry_atime(entry)); + archive_le32enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_CTIME], + (uint32_t)archive_entry_ctime(entry)); + + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_ID], + ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_NEW_UNIX); + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_SIZE], 1 + (1 + 4) * 2); + e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_VERSION] = 1; + e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_UID_SIZE] = 4; + archive_le32enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_UID], + (uint32_t)archive_entry_uid(entry)); + e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_GID_SIZE] = 4; + archive_le32enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_LOCAL_UNIX_GID], + (uint32_t)archive_entry_gid(entry)); + + archive_le32enc(&d[DATA_DESCRIPTOR_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE], + (uint32_t)size); + + ret = __archive_write_output(a, h, sizeof(h)); if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += sizeof(h); @@ -526,7 +559,7 @@ archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += ret; - ret = __archive_write_output(a, &e, sizeof(e)); + ret = __archive_write_output(a, e, sizeof(e)); if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += sizeof(e); @@ -535,11 +568,11 @@ archive_write_zip_header(struct archive_write *a, struct archive_entry *entry) const unsigned char *p; p = (const unsigned char *)archive_entry_symlink(l->entry); - ret = __archive_write_output(a, p, size); + ret = __archive_write_output(a, p, (size_t)size); if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += size; - l->crc32 = crc32(l->crc32, p, size); + l->crc32 = crc32(l->crc32, p, (unsigned)size); } if (ret2 != ARCHIVE_OK) @@ -606,7 +639,7 @@ archive_write_zip_finish_entry(struct archive_write *a) /* Write the data descripter after file data has been written. */ int ret; struct zip *zip = a->format_data; - struct zip_data_descriptor *d = &zip->data_descriptor; + uint8_t *d = zip->data_descriptor; struct zip_file_header_link *l = zip->central_directory_end; #if HAVE_ZLIB_H size_t reminder; @@ -637,12 +670,13 @@ archive_write_zip_finish_entry(struct archive_write *a) #endif } - archive_le32enc(&d->crc32, l->crc32); - archive_le32enc(&d->compressed_size, l->compressed_size); - ret = __archive_write_output(a, d, sizeof(*d)); + archive_le32enc(&d[DATA_DESCRIPTOR_CRC32], l->crc32); + archive_le32enc(&d[DATA_DESCRIPTOR_COMPRESSED_SIZE], + (uint32_t)l->compressed_size); + ret = __archive_write_output(a, d, SIZE_DATA_DESCRIPTOR); if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); - zip->written_bytes += sizeof(*d); + zip->written_bytes += SIZE_DATA_DESCRIPTOR; return (ARCHIVE_OK); } @@ -651,9 +685,9 @@ archive_write_zip_close(struct archive_write *a) { struct zip *zip; struct zip_file_header_link *l; - struct zip_file_header h; - struct zip_central_directory_end end; - struct zip_extra_data_central e; + uint8_t h[SIZE_FILE_HEADER]; + uint8_t end[SIZE_CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END]; + uint8_t e[SIZE_EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL]; int64_t offset_start, offset_end; int entries; int ret; @@ -670,10 +704,10 @@ archive_write_zip_close(struct archive_write *a) * - disk_number * - attributes_internal */ - memset(&h, 0, sizeof(h)); - archive_le32enc(&h.signature, ZIP_SIGNATURE_FILE_HEADER); - archive_le16enc(&h.version_by, ZIP_VERSION_BY); - archive_le16enc(&h.version_extract, ZIP_VERSION_EXTRACT); + memset(h, 0, sizeof(h)); + archive_le32enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_SIGNATURE], ZIP_SIGNATURE_FILE_HEADER); + archive_le16enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_VERSION_BY], ZIP_VERSION_BY); + archive_le16enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_VERSION_EXTRACT], ZIP_VERSION_EXTRACT); entries = 0; offset_start = zip->written_bytes; @@ -681,31 +715,34 @@ archive_write_zip_close(struct archive_write *a) /* Formatting individual header fields per entry and * writing each entry. */ while (l != NULL) { - archive_le16enc(&h.flags, l->flags); - archive_le16enc(&h.compression, l->compression); - archive_le32enc(&h.timedate, + archive_le16enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_FLAGS], l->flags); + archive_le16enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSION], l->compression); + archive_le32enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_TIMEDATE], dos_time(archive_entry_mtime(l->entry))); - archive_le32enc(&h.crc32, l->crc32); - archive_le32enc(&h.compressed_size, l->compressed_size); - archive_le32enc(&h.uncompressed_size, - archive_entry_size(l->entry)); - archive_le16enc(&h.filename_length, + archive_le32enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_CRC32], l->crc32); + archive_le32enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_COMPRESSED_SIZE], + (uint32_t)l->compressed_size); + archive_le32enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE], + (uint32_t)archive_entry_size(l->entry)); + archive_le16enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_FILENAME_LENGTH], (uint16_t)path_length(l->entry)); - archive_le16enc(&h.extra_length, sizeof(e)); - archive_le16enc(&h.attributes_external[2], + archive_le16enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_EXTRA_LENGTH], sizeof(e)); + archive_le16enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_ATTRIBUTES_EXTERNAL+2], archive_entry_mode(l->entry)); - archive_le32enc(&h.offset, l->offset); + archive_le32enc(&h[FILE_HEADER_OFFSET], (uint32_t)l->offset); /* Formatting extra data. */ - archive_le16enc(&e.time_id, ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP); - archive_le16enc(&e.time_size, - sizeof(e.mtime) + sizeof(e.time_flag)); - e.time_flag[0] = 0x07; - archive_le32enc(&e.mtime, archive_entry_mtime(l->entry)); - archive_le16enc(&e.unix_id, ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_NEW_UNIX); - archive_le16enc(&e.unix_size, 0x0000); - - ret = __archive_write_output(a, &h, sizeof(h)); + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_TIME_ID], + ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP); + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_TIME_SIZE], 1 + 4); + e[EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_TIME_FLAG] = 0x07; + archive_le32enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_MTIME], + (uint32_t)archive_entry_mtime(l->entry)); + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_UNIX_ID], + ZIP_SIGNATURE_EXTRA_NEW_UNIX); + archive_le16enc(&e[EXTRA_DATA_CENTRAL_UNIX_SIZE], 0x0000); + + ret = __archive_write_output(a, h, sizeof(h)); if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += sizeof(h); @@ -715,7 +752,7 @@ archive_write_zip_close(struct archive_write *a) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += ret; - ret = __archive_write_output(a, &e, sizeof(e)); + ret = __archive_write_output(a, e, sizeof(e)); if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += sizeof(e); @@ -726,15 +763,18 @@ archive_write_zip_close(struct archive_write *a) offset_end = zip->written_bytes; /* Formatting end of central directory. */ - memset(&end, 0, sizeof(end)); - archive_le32enc(&end.signature, ZIP_SIGNATURE_CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END); - archive_le16enc(&end.entries_disk, entries); - archive_le16enc(&end.entries, entries); - archive_le32enc(&end.size, offset_end - offset_start); - archive_le32enc(&end.offset, offset_start); + memset(end, 0, sizeof(end)); + archive_le32enc(&end[CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_SIGNATURE], + ZIP_SIGNATURE_CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END); + archive_le16enc(&end[CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_ENTRIES_DISK], entries); + archive_le16enc(&end[CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_ENTRIES], entries); + archive_le32enc(&end[CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_SIZE], + (uint32_t)(offset_end - offset_start)); + archive_le32enc(&end[CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_END_OFFSET], + (uint32_t)offset_start); /* Writing end of central directory. */ - ret = __archive_write_output(a, &end, sizeof(end)); + ret = __archive_write_output(a, end, sizeof(end)); if (ret != ARCHIVE_OK) return (ARCHIVE_FATAL); zip->written_bytes += sizeof(end); |